ɇɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚ-ɬɟɥɹ
ȿɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ
Ƚɨɞɵ
2005 2007 2010 2011 ȼɚɥɨɜɵɣ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ
ȼɫɟɝɨ ɦɥɪɞ. ɪɭɛ 21609,8 33111,4 45172,8 54585,6
ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ
ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɣ ɦɥɪɞ. ɪɭɛ
%
16836,6 77,9
26697,9 80,6
34777,1 77,0
41342,6 75,8 ɋɚɥɶɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ
ɮɢ-ɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ȼɫɟɝɨ
ɦɥɪɞ. ɪɭɛ 3225,9 6040,9 6330,6 7139,5 ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ
ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɣ**) (ɱɢɫɬɚɹ
ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶ) ɦɥɪɞ. ɪɭɛ
%
3236,2 53,6
3813,5 60,2
5176,0 72,5
* Ɋɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɨ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ [8,9,12,13].
** Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ 400 ɪɟɣɬɢɧɝɨɜɵɦ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɹɦ.
Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ, ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɭɤɪɭɩɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ (ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɣ) ɩɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɭ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɣ, ɩɨ ɨɛɴ-ɟɦɭ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɚɥɶɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɦ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɜ ɤɪɢɡɢɫɧɵɣ 2008 ɝ. ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɤɪɢɡɢɫɧɵɣ 2011 ɝ. ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɬ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɵɪɶɟɜɨɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢ-ɬɢɢ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ. ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɝɪɨɦɧɵɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɟ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɵ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɷɤɫ-ɩɨɪɬɧɨɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ [2].
Ɂɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɮɢ-ɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠ-ɧɨ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ:
• ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɢ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɬɟɯ-ɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɤɥɚɞɚ [3];
• ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ 2015-2030 ɝɨɞɵ ɧɚ 30-40% ɨɛɴɟɦɨɜ ȼȼɉ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɧɬɚɛɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ 5-10%;
• ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɜ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ 2,5-4% ɨɬ ɜɵɪɭɱɤɢ ɡɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɸ;
• ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɢɧɧɨ-ɜɚɰɢɹɦɢ.
ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ
1. Ȼɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɹ. - Ɇ.: ɗɄɋɆɈ, 2007. – 816
2. Ⱥɬɚɪɨɜ ɇ.Ɂ., ɏɪɢɫɬɨɮɨɪɨɜɚ ɂ.ȼ. ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɢ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɣ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ // ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ʋ3(16) 2013, ɫ. 14-19
3. Ƚɭɛɚɧɨɜ ɋ.ɋ. Ʉɪɢɡɢɫɧɚɹ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚ: ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɢ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɵ. ɉɪɢɪɨɞɚ ɤɪɢɡɢɫɚ:
ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ // Ɋɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɠɭɪɧɚɥ. Ʉɚɡɚɧɫɤɢɣ (ɉɨ-ɜɨɥɠɫɤɢɣ) ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ. – 2011. - ʋ1, ɫ. 5-19
4. ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɱɟɬɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜ 2006-2013 ɝɨɞɚɯ: /ɋɬɚɬ.ɫɛ/ Ɋɨɫɫɬɚɬ.Ɇ.,2014.
5. ɉɪɢɪɨɞɧɨ-ɪɟɫɭɪɫɧɵɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. http://allendy.ru/region194-prir-re 6. ɉɨɫɥɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚ ɊɎ ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪɚ ɉɭɬɢɧɚ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɋɨɛɪɚɧɢɸ 12 ɞɟ-ɤɚɛɪɹ 2013 ɝ.// Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɝɚɡɟɬɚ, 13.12.2013. ʋ282 (6258)/www/rg/ru
7. ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. 2014: ɋɬɚɬ. ɋɛ./ Ɋɨɫɫɬɚɬ. – Ɇ., 2012 – 445 ɫ.
8. Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɢɤ. 2010: ɋɬɚɬ. ɋɛ./ Ɋɨɫɫɬɚɬ. – Ɇ., 2010.
9. Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɢɤ. 2014: ɋɬɚɬ. ɋɛ./ Ɋɨɫɫɬɚɬ. – Ɇ., 2014 10. ɑɟɪɧɵɲɟɜ ɋ. ɇɟ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɜɨɥɧɭ//ɗɤɫɩɨɪɬ. – Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, 2014. - ʋ15 (894), ɫ.
36-39
11. ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. http://ru.wikipedia/org//wiki/%DD%
12. «ɗɤɫɩɟɪɬ-400»//ɗɤɫɩɟɪɬ, 6-12 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 2008 ʋ39 (628), ɫ. 170-185 13. «ɗɤɫɩɟɪɬ-400»//ɗɤɫɩɟɪɬ, 1-7 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 2012 ʋ39 (821), ɫ. 150-167
ɂɋɉɈɅɖɁɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɌȿɏɇɈɅɈȽɂɂ ɐɂɎɊɈȼɕɏ ȼɈȾəɇɕɏ ɁɇȺɄɈȼ ɉɊɂ ɁȺɓɂɌȿ ɂɇɎɈɊɆȺɐɂɂ
Ⱥɯɦɟɬɨɜɚ Ɇɚɣɪɚ Ⱥɥɦɚɬɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɗɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɋɜɹɡɢ, Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ, Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧ ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ, ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɣ ɜ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɟɝɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ – ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɞɹɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɤɨɜ (ɐȼɁ). Ɍɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɷɬɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɂɧɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɟɟ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɫɩɟ-ɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ «ȼɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ» ɢ
«Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ».
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɟ ɜɨɞɹɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɤɢ (ɐȼɁ), ɫɬɟɝɨɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɫɬɟɝɨɤɨɞɟɪ, ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ, ɫɬɟɝɨɩɭɬɶ, ɪɨɛɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɐȼɁ, ɯɪɭɩɤɢɟ ɐȼɁ, ɩɨɥɭɯɪɭɩɤɢɟ ɐȼɁ.
USING OF TECHNOLOGY DIGITAL THREAD-MARKS FOR DEFENCE OF INFORMATION
Ahmetova Maira Almaty University of Power and Communication, Almaty, Kazakhstan In the article a method is examined applied in digital stegography – technology of using of digital thread-marks (Watermar King). Terms of technology are in the process of forming.
The basic terms of this technology and their feature are considered. Knowledge of this technology and its terms is needed at preparation of specialists on speciality the "Computing engineering and software" and "Defence and safety of the informative systems".
Keywords: digital thread-marks, stego system, container, stego way, roboast Watermar King, fragile Watermar King, semifragile Watermar King.
ɐɟɥɶɸ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ «Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ» ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɜɥɚ-ɞɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɦɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɨɛ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚ-ɰɢɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ. Ⱦɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚ ɤɚɤ ɫɩɟɰ-ɤɭɪɫ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ«ȼɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟ-ɱɟɧɢɟ» ɢ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɟ. ɉɨ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɪɚɡ-ɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɤɪɢɩɬɨɫɢɫɬɟɦ, ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɤɪɢɩɬɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥɚɦɢ, ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɨɪɝɚ-ɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɚɧɬɢɜɢɪɭɫɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ. Ɉɧ ɨɛɹɡɚɧ ɡɧɚɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧ-ɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧ-ɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ ɢ ɫɟɬɹɯ. Ⱥ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬ
ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɭɦɟɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɤɪɢɩɬɨɫɢɫɬɟɦ, ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɤɪɢɩɬɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟ-ɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥɚɦɢ, ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɚɧɬɢɜɢɪɭɫɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɦɭɥɶɬɢɦɟɞɢɣɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ.
ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɤɭɪɫɚ «Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɢ ɛɟɡ-ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ» ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɩɨ«ȼɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ», ɧɨ ɢ ɩɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ «Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ».
ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ ɦɭɥɶɬɢɦɟɞɢɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ, ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɚ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɢɧ-ɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɨɫ-ɧɨɜɟ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɤ ɧɢɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢ ɮɨɬɨ, ɚɭɞɢɨ, ɜɢɞɟɨ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɢɯ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɤɪɚɫɬɶ, ɧɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɟɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɢ ɜɵɞɚɬɶ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧ-ɧɵɟ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɧɭɠɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ.
Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɦɭɥɶɬɢɦɟɞɢɣɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɞɹɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɤɨɜ (ɐȼɁ-ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɟ ɜɨɞɹɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɤɢ). ɂɯ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɧɟ-ɫɬɢ ɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɧɟɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ. ɋɩɨɫɨɛɐȼɁ (ɧɚ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɦ Watermar King) - ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɯ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɥɤɟ ɛɭɦɚɠɧɵɯ ɞɟɧɟɝ.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɫɬɟɝɚɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɬɟɝɨɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ-ɦɢ. ȼ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɫɬɟɝɨɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ. ɑɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɜɨɫɩɪɢ-ɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɣ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ. ȼ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɐȼɁ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ, ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɣ, ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɭɸ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɡɚɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɨɧ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹɞɟɤɨɞɟɪɨɦ, ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɣ ɢɡ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɨɧ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɹ-ɟɦɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ, ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ, ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ, ɫɬɟɝɨɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟ-ɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɫɬɟɝɨ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɞɟɤɨɞɟɪ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɡɚɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɤɥɸɱ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ, ɫɟɤɪɟɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɫɬɟɝɨɞɟɬɟɤ-ɬɨɪ,ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɨɝɨɐȼɁ.
ɋɩɨɫɨɛɐȼɁ – ɨɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɫɬɟɝɚɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɹ. ɗɬɨ ɦɨɥɨɞɚɹ ɜɟɬɜɶ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ: ɩɭɬɢ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɡɚɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɜɜɨɞ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɵɯ ɧɨɦɟɪɨɜ, ɩɭɬɢ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɨɜ. Ɍɟɪɦɢɧ «ɰɢɮɪɨ-ɜɚɹ ɫɬɟɝɚɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɹ» ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ: «ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɭɤɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɧɟɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɟ ɲɢɮɪɨ-ɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɢɯ ɛɢɬɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɭɸ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ». ȼ ɧɚɭɤɭ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɟɝɚɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɜɫɟ ɜɵɲɟɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɱɟɬɵ-ɪɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɧɨ ɧɟ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɞɢɨɫɜɹɡɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɐȼɁ ɢ ɩɨ ɜɢɞɭ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɫɬɟɝɨɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɐȼɁ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɪɢ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ: ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɣ, ɩɨ-ɥɭɡɚɤɪɵɬɵɣ, ɡɚɤɪɵɬɵɣ [1]. Ɉɧɢ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 1.
Ɍɟɪɦɢɧ «Ʉɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ» ɜ ɫɬɟɝɨɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ: ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɳɢɣ ɡɚɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɞɨ ɫɬɟɝɨɤɨɞɟɪɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɭɫɬɵɦ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɨɦ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɧ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬ-ɫɹ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɨɦ, ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɧ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬ-ɫɹ ɫɬɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɨɦ. ɂɦɟɟɬɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬ-ɫɹ ɞɜɚ ɜɢɞɚ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɨɜ: ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜɵɣ ɢ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ. ȼ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɚɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɢɬɨɜ, ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɬ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ ɢ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɬ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨɛ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɧɟɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɤɨɞɟɪɭ. ȼ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɟɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨɛ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɯ ɯɚ-ɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɤɨɞɟɪɭ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɯ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠ-ɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɬɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.
ȼɜɨɞ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɭ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɤɥɸɱɟɣ. Ʉɥɸɱɟɦ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɫɟɜɞɨɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɚɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɢɬɨɜ, ɩɨɪɨɠɞɚɟɦɚɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ. ɍ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɛɢɬɨɜ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɫɜɨɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɢɫɱɢɫɥɟ-ɧɢɹ. Ɂɚɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɩɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɤɥɸɱɭ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɢɫɱɢɫɥɟ-ɧɢɹ. Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɛɢɬɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹɫɬɟɝɨɩɭɬɹɦɢ.