第 7 章 分詞 95
7.2 分詞 (II)
98 第7章 分詞
(1) 子猫と遊んでいる少女は私のいとこです.
( )( )( ) with the kitten is my cousin.
(2) 彼女はしばらくの間私をロビーで待たせておいた.
She ( )( )( ) for a while in the lobby.
(3) 私たちはガイドさんに写真をとってもらいました. We ( ) our picture ( ) by the guide.
【答】(1) The girl playing (2) kept me waiting (3) had, taken
He drove his car, listening to the radio.
彼はラジオを聴きながら車を運転した．
Raising her hand, she stopped a taxi.
(=She raised her hand andstopped a taxi.) 手をあげて，彼女はタクシーを止めた．
(5) 譲歩
Admitting(=Even if I admit) what you say, I still think that you are mistaken.
あなたの言うことを認めるにしろ，やっぱりあなたは間違っていると私は思う．
¶注意 ³
1.
[having＋過去分詞](完了形分詞構文)は主節より前のことを表す．After she had written a letter, she went out to mail it.
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
× × Having written a letter, she went out to mail it.
手紙を書いてしまうと，彼女はそれを投函しに出かけた．
2.
受動態の分詞構文：(Beingは省略されることが多い.)As the library is painted white, it looks beautiful.
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
× × (Being)painted white, the library looks beautiful.
白く塗装されて(いるので)，図書館は美しく見える．
3.
否定の場合not を分詞の前におく．Not knowing(=As he did not know) the way, he soon got lost.
道を知らなかったので，彼はすぐに道に迷った．
µ ´
7.2.2 独立分詞構文
1.
分詞の意味上の主語を示す場合As my mother was ill, I took care of her.
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
× My mother being ill, I took care of her.
母が病気だったので，私は彼女の世話をしていた．
It being very warm, I felt sleepy during the lesson.
とても暖かかったので，私は授業中に眠たくなった．
100 第7章 分詞
2.
慣用的な表現Talking of sports, do you ski? (〜と言えば) スポーツと言えば，あなたはスキーをしますか．
Generally speaking, the Japanese are diligent. (一般的に言うと) 一般的に言うと，日本人は勤勉だ．
その他：strictly speaking (厳密に言えば)，frankly speaking (率直に言え ば)，judging from 〜 (〜判断すれば)など．
EXERCISES 22
1.
次の各文の下線の節を分詞構文に書きかえなさい．(1) When they heard the news, they turned pale.
(2) If you read this novel, you will surely be moved.
(3) While I was watching TV, I fell asleep.
(4) As he was praised by the teacher, he studied harder.
【答】
(1) Hearing the news(, they turned pale.)
(2) Reading this novel(, you will surely be moved.) (3) Watching TV(, I fell asleep.)
(4) Being praised[Praised] by the teacher(, he studied harder.) (先生に誉められたので，彼はなお一生懸命勉強した.)
2.
適当な接続詞を用いて次の分詞構文を書きかえなさい．(1) Living near my house, he often visits me.
(2) Going by airplane, you will reach Sapporo by noon.
(3) Waiting for the bus, I was spoken to by a stranger.
(4) Night coming on, the children started for home.
(5) Having often been to Japan, Bob understands Japanese.
【答】
(1) As he lives near my house, he often visits me.
(2) If you go by airplane, you will reach Sapporo by noon.
(3) While[When] I was waiting for the bus, I was spoken to by a stranger.
(4) As night came on, the children started for home.
(夜になったので子供たちは家路についた.)
(5) As he has often been to Japan, Bob understands Japanese.
3.
次の各文を日本語に直しなさい．(1) Singing merrily, they danced around the fire.
(2) Strictly spealking, your answer is not correct.
(3) Having slept till eight, John had to run to school.
(4) Not having enough money, I couldn’t buy the dictionary.
(5) Written in easy English, this book is good for beginners.
(6) Judging from his uniform, he must be a pilot.
【答】
(1) 陽気に歌いながら，彼らはたき火を囲んで踊った. (2) 厳密に言えば，君の答えは正しくない．
(3) ８時まで眠ってしまったので，ジョンは学校へ走って行かなければならなかった. (4) 十分なお金をもっていなかったので，私はその辞典が買えなかった.
(5) やさしい英語で書かれているので，この本は初心者によい. (6) 彼の制服から判断すると，彼はパイロットにちがいない.
4.
日本文に合うように( )内に適当な１語を入れなさい．(分詞構文を用い ること)(1) 上から見ると，その町はとても美しく見える.
( ) from above, the town looks very beautiful.
(2) 急いで朝食を食べてしまうと，私は学校に向かった.
( )( ) breakfast in a hurry, I started for school.
(3) バスがなかったので，私は家まで歩かなければならなかった. ( )( ) no buses, I had to ( ) home.
【答】(1) Seen (2) Having eaten (3) There being, walk
102 第7章 分詞