廃熱駆動型臭化リチウム/水系吸収式ヒートポンプの性能評価と高性能化に関する研究

Title

廃熱駆動型臭化リチウム/水系吸収式ヒートポンプの性能評

_{価と高性能化に関する研究( 本文(Fulltext) )}

Author(s)

丸毛, 謙次

Report No.(Doctoral

Degree)

博士(工学) 工博甲第523号

Issue Date

2017-03-25

Type

博士論文

Version

ETD

URL

http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12099/56183

※この資料の著作権は、各資料の著者・学協会・出版社等に帰属します。







ᗫ⇕㥑ືᆺ

⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࢘Ỉ⣔྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡢ

ᛶ⬟ホ౯࡜㧗ᛶ⬟໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲

















 ᖺ  ᭶



୸ẟㅬḟ









i

┠

┠ḟ

 ➨㸯❶ ᗎㄽ 1.1 ◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ 1.2 ప ᤼⇕฼⏝ࡢ⌧≧ 1.3 ྾╔ᘧ⵨Ẽᅇ⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࠾ࡼࡧ྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡢᴫせ  1.4 ྾཰ᾮ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪤ ࡢ◊✲ 1.5 ᮏ◊✲ࡢᴫせ  ➨  ❶ $+3 ࡢ✵Ẽ༢⊂ຍ ࡢ≉ᛶ 2.1 ᐇ㦂࠾ࡼࡧ ᐃ᪉ἲ 2.1.1 ⿦⨨ᴫせ 2.1.2 ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ 2.2 ྾཰ჾࡢ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡢ᪤ ࡢィ⟬᪉ἲ 2.3 ⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ 2.3.1 ྾཰ჾ࡛ࡢ㧗 ✵Ẽຍ ≉ᛶ 2.3.2 ྾཰ჾࡢ⇕㏻㐣⋡ 2.3.3 ྾཰ჾࡢ྾཰ᾮഃࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ 2.3.4 ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᛶ⬟ホ౯ 2.3.5 ⵨Ⓨჾ࡬ࡢ྾཰ᾮΰධࡢᙳ㡪 2.3.6 ⵨Ⓨჾ࡬ࡢΰධࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ 2.3.7 ྾཰ჾࡢ⵨Ẽᑟධ㒊ࡢ㝽㛫ࡢᙳ㡪 2.3.8 ⿦⨨ࡢ⮬ື㐠㌿ࡢ᳨ド 2.4 ᮏ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ グྕ  ➨  ❶ $+3 ࡢ✵Ẽຍ ࠾ࡼࡧపᅽ⵨Ẽྠ᫬⏕ᡂࡢ≉ᛶホ౯ 3.1 ᐇ㦂࠾ࡼࡧ ᐃ᪉ἲ 3.1.1 ⿦⨨ᴫせ 3.1.2 ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ 3.2 ⵨Ⓨჾ㸰ࡢ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡢ᪤ ࡢィ⟬᪉ἲ 1 1 1 2 4 5 8 8 8 9 9 12 12 12 13 13 14 15 15 15 16 32 35 35 35 36 36

ii

3.3 ≉ᛶホ౯ 3.4 ᮏ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ グྕ  ➨ ➨  ❶ ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ $+3 ࡢ⇕࣭≀㉁⛣ື≉ᛶ 4.1 ᐇ㦂࠾ࡼࡧᐇ㦂᪉ἲ 4.1.1 ᐇ㦂⿦⨨ 4.1.2 ᐇ㦂᮲௳ 4.1.3 ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ 4.2  ᗘ ᐃ఩⨨ 4.2.1 ᮲௳࡟ࡼࡿ ᗘศᕸࡢ㐪࠸ 4.2.2  ᗘ ᐃ఩⨨ 4.3 ⟬ฟ᪉ἲ 4.3.1 ᫬㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⵨Ẽ྾཰㔞ࡢ㐪࠸ 4.3.2 ᐇ ್௨እࡢྛ✀್⟬ฟ᪉ἲ 4.3.3 ⇕ఏ㐩࣭≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘࡢ⟬ฟ 4.4 ⤖ᯝ⪃ᐹ 4.4.1 ᾮ⭷⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ࡜ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢ㛵ಀ 4.4.2 ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘ࡜ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢ㛵ಀ 4.4.3 ⁐ᾮ⃰ᗘኚ໬࡜ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢ㛵ಀ 4.4.4 ↓ḟඖᩚ⌮ 4.5 ᮏ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ グྕ  ➨  ❶ 㐣㣬࿴ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ࡟ࡼࡿ $+3 ࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖຠᯝ 5.1 ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ 5.1.1 ⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ≀ᛶ ᐃ 5.1.2 ᾮ⭷ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ 5.2 ⌮ㄽゎᯒ 5.3 ⤖ᯝཬࡧ⪃ᐹ 5.3.1 ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗ⢏ᗘศᕸ 37 39 48 50 50 50 51 51 52 52 52 54 54 54 56 60 60 60 61 61 63 80 82 83 83 84 85 89 89

iii

5.3.2 ⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ⢓ᗘ 5.3.3 ᾮ⭷ࡢ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ 5.3.4 ఏ⇕ヨ㦂࡜ゎᯒࣔࢹࣝࡢẚ㍑ 5.3.5 ⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ࡟ࡼࡿᛶ⬟ྥୖຠᯝ 5.4 ᮏ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ グྕ  ➨ ➨  ❶ /L%U ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢㄪᩚ࡜Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰≉ᛶ 6.1 ᐇ㦂 6.1.1 ࢫ࣮ࣛࣜㄪᩚ 6.1.2 ⢏ᗘศᕸࡢ ᐃ 6.1.3 Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰ࡢࣂࢵࢳヨ㦂 6.2 ⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ 6.2.1 ⢏ᗘศᕸ 6.2.2 ⵨Ẽ྾཰ᛶ⬟ 6.2.2.1 ྾཰ჾࡢ㐣Ώⓗ࡞ ᗘ 6.2.2.2 ྾཰㏿ᗘࡢỴᐃ᪉ἲ 6.2.2.3 ࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ྾཰ᛶ⬟ 6.3 ᮏ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ グྕ  ➨  ❶ ⤖ㄽ  ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩  ᅗ⾲୍ぴ     89 89 90 91 92 99 101 101 101 101 101 103 103 104 104 105 107 109 117 118 122 125 



➨

➨㸯❶ ᗎㄽ



◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ

ᡃࡀᅜ࡛ࡣࠊ ᖺ௦ࡢ▼Ἔ༴ᶵ࡟ࡼࡿᛴ⃭࡞▼Ἔ౯᱁ࡢ㧗㦐ࢆዎᶵ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᕤሙ࡟࠾ ࡅࡿ୺࡟⇕஺᥮ჾࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᗫ⇕ᅇ཰࡟ࡼࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᾘ㈝ࡢ๐ῶࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬 ᖺ ௦࡛ࡣཎἜ౯᱁ࡢୗⴠ࡜෇㧗࡜ࣂࣈࣝᔂቯᚋࡢᴗ⦼ᝏ໬࠿ࡽ㸪┬࢚ࢿࡢᶵ㐠ࡀஈࡋࡃ࡞ࡗ ࡓ㸬 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙࠿ࡽጞࡲࡗࡓ▼Ἔ౯᱁ࡢ㧗㦐࡟ࡼࡾ㸪୍ḟ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౯᱁ࡀୖ᪼ࡋࡓࡇ ࡜࡛ᕤሙࡢ┬࢚ࢿࡀಁ㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬┬࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᨻ⟇ࡢືྥ  ᖺ௨㝆ࡢᒎ㛤㸦㈨※࢚ࢿ ࣝࢠ࣮ᗇ  ᖺ  ᭶㸧ࡢ⏘ᴗ㒊㛛ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᾘ㈝≧ἣ㸦඲యࡢ≧ἣ㸧࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪〇㐀 ᴗࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᾘ㈝ࡣ  ᖺᗘ࡟ẚ࡭࡚  ᖺᗘࡣ 㸣ᨵၿࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙ ࠿ࡽᨵၿࡀ೵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠾ࡾ㸪୍ᒙࡢᨵၿࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᴗ✀ู࡟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᾘ㈝ࡢᵓ ᡂࢆࡳࡿ࡜㸪⣲ᮦ⣔⏘ᴗ࡛࠶ࡿ㕲㗰㸪໬Ꮫ㸪❔ᴗᅵ▼㸦ࢭ࣓ࣥࢺ㸧࠾ࡼࡧ⣬ࣃࣝࣉࡀ〇㐀ᴗ ඲యࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᾘ㈝ࡢ㸶๭ᙅࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬඲ᅜࡢᕤሙ➼࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪤Ꮡ⅔ࡸ⮬ᐙⓎ㟁ࣉ ࣛࣥࢺ࡞࡝࡟ࡣࠊ౑ࢃࢀࡎᤞ࡚ࡽࢀ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ኱㔞ࡢᮍ฼⏝ᗫ⇕ࡀ㈿Ꮡࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㸦㈈㸧 ┬࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡀᐇ᪋ࡋࡓᕤሙ⩌ࡢ᤼⇕ᐇែㄪᰝ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ඲ᅜࡢᕤሙ➼࠿ࡽⓎ⏕ ࡍࡿᮍ฼⏝ࡢ᤼⇕ࡣᖺ㛫࡛࠾࠾ࡼࡑ113 ୓ TJ ࡟㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ࡲࡓ㸪 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࡟㉳ࡇࡗࡓᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏࡛ࡢཎⓎ஦ᨾࢆཷࡅ࡚ⅆຊⓎ㟁࡟ࢩࣇࢺ ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛㸯ḟ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢᾘ㈝ࡀቑ࠼㸪ᆅ⌫ ᬮ໬㸪▼Ἔ㈨※ࡢᯤῬၥ㢟࡞࡝ࡢᆅ⌫⎔ቃ ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅖၥ㢟ࡢゎỴ࡜ࡋ࡚⏘ᴗ㒊㛛࡛ࡶ᭦࡞ࡿᑐ⟇ࢆồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪௒௨ୖࡢ┬࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ప࢚ࣞ࣋ࣝࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢᅇ཰ ࡀ୙ྍḞ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 1.2ప ᤼⇕฼⏝ࡢ⌧≧ ⏘ᴗ㒊㛛࡛ࡣ100Υ௨ୗࡢప ᤼⇕ࡀ኱㔞࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ప ᤼⇕ࡢ฼⏝ࡣ࠶ ࡲࡾ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸࡞࠸ࡢࡀ⌧≧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ప ᤼⇕ࡢ෭ ⏕ᡂࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡶ᳨ウࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡀ〇

 㐀ᴗ࡛ࡣ⵨Ẽ㟂せࡶከ࠸㸬౛࠼ࡤ▼Ἔ໬Ꮫ㒊㛛࡛ࡣ▼Ἔࡢ⵨␃࡟⵨Ẽࢆࡋࡼ࠺ࡍࡿ࡞࡝ 140Υ௨ୖࡢ⵨Ẽ฼⏝㔞ࡀᴟࡵ࡚኱ࡁࡃ㸪ࡲࡓ 100Υ௨ୗࡢ ᤼Ỉࡀᮍ฼⏝࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡜ࡋ ࡚኱㔞࡟Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬〇㕲㒊㛛࡛ࡣ CO2ศ㞳ᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿ࢔࣑ࣥἲ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪࢔࣑ࣥ෌⏕ ᫬࡟140Υ⛬ᗘࡢ⇕※ࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࡀࡑࡢ⇕※ࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟᥈ࡍᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ⅼ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡣᚑ᮶ᮍ฼⏝࡛࠶ࡿ᤼⇕ࢆᅇ཰ࡋ㸪୍ḟ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ ᾘ㈝㔞ࢆῶࡽࡍࡓࡵࡢᢏ⾡࡜ࡋ࡚ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬྾཰ࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡣ௦⾲ⓗ࡞⇕㥑ືᆺ෭෾ ᶵ࡜ࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪᪤࡟ᐇ⏝໬࣭ၟရ໬࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ ࢆ 80㹼90Υࡢప ᤼⇕ࢆᅇ཰ࡋ㸪෭෾࣮ࣔࢻࡸ 100Υ௨ୖࡢ⇕ࢆసࡿ᪼ ࣮ࣔࢻ࡜ࡋ࡚ຠ ⋡ࡼࡃ㥑ືࡍࡿࡼ࠺㸪ࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ㧗ᛶ⬟ᢏ⾡ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪┬࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ຠᯝࡢྥୖࡉ ࡽ࡟ࡣCCS ࢆᅗࡿୖ࡛ࡢ୍ḟ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᾘ㈝㔞ࢆῶࡽࡍ࡜࠸ࡗࡓୖ࡛㔜せ࡞ㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡿ㸬 ௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ100Υ௨ୗࡢᮍ฼⏝᤼⇕࠿ࡽ 140Υ௨ୖࡢ⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡢ㟂せࡣᴟ ࡵ࡚㧗࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬  1.3 ྾╔ᘧ⵨Ẽᅇ⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࠾ࡼࡧ྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡢᴫせ ᪤ ࡢ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚᪼ ࣮ࣔࢻ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡣゎᯒⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ (1)(2)

_㸬

_{ࡲࡓ㸪᭱㏆࡛ࡣ90Υࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ᤼⇕ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ௦᭰࣎࢖࣮ࣛ㛤Ⓨ࡜ࡋ࡚྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥ} ࣉࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿᐇ㦂ࡶ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(3)(4)(5)_㸬

ᮏ◊✲ᐊ࡛ࡣ஑ᕞ኱Ꮫ㸪ᰴᘧ఍♫Thyssen Krupp Otto㸪ᒸᒣ┴❧኱Ꮫ㸪㧗◁⇕ᕤᴗᰴᘧ఍ ♫㸪᳃ᯇᕤᴗᰴᘧ఍♫ࡽ࡜ඹྠ࡛┬࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㠉᪂ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ஦ᴗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㸺ᮍ฼⏝ ᤼⇕ ࠿ࡽ㧗 Ỉ⵨Ẽࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ྾╔ᘧ⵨Ẽᅇ⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨ㸼࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪࣋ࣥࢳࢫࢣ࣮ ࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚80ºC ⛬ᗘࡢపࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ ᤼Ỉࢆ⇕※࡜ࡋ㸪150ºC ௨ୖࡢ⵨ẼࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿࣄ࣮ ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ(6)(7)(8)_㸬 ࡇࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣᅗ1-1 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㝖‵ᶵ㸪LiBr/Ỉ⣔྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ㸪ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺỈ ⣔྾╔ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣ ᤼Ỉࢆ⇕※࡜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪྾╔ᘧ

 ࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪80Υࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ ᤼Ỉࢆࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺ࡟྾╔ࡉࡏ㸪ࡑࡢ཯ᛂ⇕ࢆ฼⏝ ࡋ࡚150Υࡢ㧗 ⵨Ẽࢆ㐃⥆ⓗ࡟⏕ᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ྾╔๣ࡢࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺࡣ 80 Υ௨ୗࡢ  ᤼⇕※ ᗘ࡛ࡶᖹ⾮ㄽⓗ࡟ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺࡢ෌⏕ࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪஝⇱㺃⬺╔㏿ᗘࡀᴟࡵ࡚ 㐜ࡃ㸪ⴭࡋ࠸෌⏕᫬㛫ࢆせࡋ࡚㐃⥆ⓗ࡞⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂࡀ୙ྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࡓࡵ120Υ௨ୖࡢ஝⇱⇕ 㢼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚෌⏕ࡉࢀ෌฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ஝⇱⏝ࡢ⇕㢼ࡣ㝖‵ᶵ࠿ࡽ㏦ࡽࢀࡿ஝⇱✵Ẽࢆ᪼  ࣮ࣔࢻ࡛㥑ືࡋࡓ྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟ࡼࡾ⣙80Υࡢ Ỉ࠿ࡽ 120Υࡢ⇕㢼ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ ✵Ẽ෌⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬✵Ẽ෌⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨヨ㦂࡜ࡋ࡚㸪 80 Υࣞ࣋ ࣝࡢ ᤼Ỉ࠿ࡽ㸪⵨Ẽᅇ⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ྾╔ᮦࡢ෌⏕࡟ᚲせ࡞120 Υ௨ୖࡢ஝⇱✵Ẽࢆ⏕ᡂ ࡋ㸪ࡲࡓ྾╔ᮦࡢண⇕࡟฼⏝ྍ⬟࡞100-115 Υࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ⵨Ẽࢆྠ᫬⏕ᡂࡍࡿࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻ ࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ┠ᶆ࡜ࡍࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲㛤Ⓨ࡛ࡣ㸪80 Υࡢ⇕※࠿ࡽ 120 Υ௨ୖ࡬ࡢࣄ࣮ࢺ ࢔ࢵࣉࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪LiBr/Ỉ⣔྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ㸦AHP㸧᪉ᘧࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ᖹ⾮ㄽⓗ࡟ ࡣ120 Υ௨ୖ࡟᪼ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪⇕※ࡢ ᤼⇕ࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍ ࡿ྾཰ᾮ௨እࡢ⇕፹యࡣ㢧⇕ኚ໬ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ⇕஺᥮ࡢࡓࡵ㸪⇕஺᥮࡟క࠸⇕፹య ᗘࡀኚ ໬ࡋ࡚㸪AHP ࡢྛࣘࢽࢵࢺࢆ➼ ᧯సࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪ᮏࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔ࢵࣉࡢ┠ ᶆ ᗘࡣᖹ⾮ ᗘ࡟㏆࠸ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝ᧯సࡢࡓࡵ㸪⇕஺᥮ࡢᖹᆒ ᗘᕪࢆ༑ศ☜ಖࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ ᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ࡞࡝㸪ఏ⇕㏿ᗘㄽⓗ࡟ࡣ┠ᶆ㐩ᡂࡢࡓࡵ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᢏ⾡ⓗㄢ㢟Ⓨ⏕ࡀ᝿ᐃࡉࢀ ࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪AHP ࡣ෭෾⏝ࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡍ࡛࡟ᐇ⏝໬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪᤼⇕ࡢ᪼  ࣮ࣔࢻ࡛㥑ືࡍࡿࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔ࢵࣉ⏝࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᐇ⏝໬౛ࡣ㸪⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂࡀヨࡳࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⛬ᗘ ࡛ࡲࡔᴟࡵ࡚㝈ᐃⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪ᮏ◊✲㛤Ⓨ࡛ࡣ྾཰ჾ࡛஝⇱✵Ẽ࡜ࡢ┤᥋⇕ ஺᥮࡟ࡼࡾ㧗 ✵Ẽࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ⡆᫆⿦⨨ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ຍ࠼࡚㸪⇕ᅇ཰ᆺ⵨Ẽࢆྠ᫬࡟⏕ᡂࡍࡿ ࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡜࠸࠺᪂ࡓ࡞⿦⨨㛤Ⓨࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ㸬



1.4 ྾཰ᾮ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪤ ࡢ◊✲

 ྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮ࡜సືὶయࡢ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢ⤌ྜࢃࡏࡀᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪࢔ ࣥࣔࢽ࢔࣭Ỉ⣔ࡲࡓࡣ⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࣭࢘Ỉ⣔ࡀ୍⯡࡟ࡼࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(9)(10)_{㸬࢔ࣥࣔࢽ࢔࣭} Ỉ⣔྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡣ㸪ẚ㍑ⓗప ᗫ⇕ࡢ฼⏝࡟ྥ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ㧗ᛶ⬟໬ࡣỈ࡜࢔ ࣥࣔࢽ࢔ࢆศ㞳ࡍࡿ෌⏕ჾ㒊ศࡢ⵨␃ᛶ⬟࡟኱ࡁࡃ౫Ꮡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪⌧᫬Ⅼ࡛ᐇ⏝໬ࡉ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᚋ⪅ࡢ⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࣭࢘Ỉ⣔྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡢ⇕※࡟ࡣ㸪100 °C ࣞ࣋ࣝ௨ୗࡢ ప ᗫ⇕ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࢱ࢖ࣉࡣࡲࡔᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡣ⇞ᩱࡢ⇞↝࡟ࡼࡿ㧗 ࢞ࢫࡀ෌⏕ჾ ⇕※࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢప ᗫ⇕฼⏝ᆺ⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࣭࢘Ỉ⣔྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡢ฼⏝ᣑ኱ࢆᅗࡿୖ࡛㸪෌⏕ჾࡢ⇕஺᥮ᛶ⬟࡜྾཰ᾮࡢ྾‵ᛶ࢔ࢵࣉࡀせồࡉࢀ ࡿ㸬  ྾཰ᾮᛶ⬟࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰࡟క࠸྾཰ᾮࡀᕼ㔘ࡉࢀᖹ⾮⵨Ẽᅽࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪྾‵ ᛶࡀపୗࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㸪྾཰ჾᛶ⬟పῶࡢせᅉ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࣭࢘Ỉ⣔྾཰ᾮ ࡟➨ 3 ᡂศࢆῧຍ๣࡜ࡋ࡚ΰྜࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪྾‵ᛶቑ኱ࡸ⵨Ẽ྾཰࡟క࠺ᕼ㔘⇕ప ῶࢆᅗࡿ◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)_㸬  ࡇࢀࡽ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ Itaya et al. (2010) ࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮ࡟྾╔๣ᚤ⢏Ꮚࢆศᩓࡋࡓࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ྾཰ ᾮ࡟฼⏝ࡍࡿ᪉ᘧࢆᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(16)_{㸬྾཰ᾮ࡟྾╔๣ࢆศᩓࡋࡓሙྜ㸪⁐㉁࡛࠶ࡿ LiBr} ࡀ྾╔๣࡟྾⬺╔ࡍࡿຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪⵨Ẽ྾཰࡟క࠺⁐ᾮ⃰ᗘపῶ࡟క࠺྾‵ᛶ⬟పୗࢆᢚ ไ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ⴭ⪅ࡽࡣ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪉ᘧࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡛㸪྾཰ᾮࡀ㐣 㣬࿴࡟㐩ࡍࡿ࡜྾╔๣ࡀ⤖ᬗ᰾ࡢࡼ࠺࡞స⏝࡛㸪ᚤ⣽࡞LiBr ⤖ᬗࡀᯒฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆぢฟࡋ ࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ㐣㣬࿴ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ࡜㸪྾཰㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡇࡢ⤖ᬗࡢ⁐ゎ࡛྾╔๣ ࡢ྾⬺╔ຠᯝ௨ୖࡢᕼ㔘పῶຠᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬  㐣㣬࿴⁐ᾮ࡟ࡣ㸪⤖ᬗ᰾ࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ⤖ᬗ⏕ᡂࡋ࡞࠸‽Ᏻᐃ㡿ᇦࡢᏑᅾࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇ ࢀࡣ⁐ゎᗘ᭤⥺௨ୖ࠿ࡘ㐣⁐ゎᗘ᭤⥺௨ୗࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㸪ప㐣㣬࿴⁐ᾮࡢ⤖ᬗ⏕ ᡂ᪉ἲࡀ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬౛࠼ࡤ㸪㏻ᖖ࡛ࡣ᰾Ⓨ⏕ࡋ࡞࠸ప㐣㣬࿴⁐ᾮ࡟㸪✀⤖ᬗ ࢆῧຍࡋ࡚⤖ᬗᡂ㛗ࡉࡏࡿ᪉ἲ(17)_{㸪㉸㡢Ἴࡸ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ↷ᑕࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⤖ᬗ᰾ࢆㄏⓎ} ࡍࡿ◊✲(18)(19)(20)_{࡞࡝ࡀぢཷࡅࡽࢀ㸪㐺ษ࡞᮲௳࡛᧯సࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ప㐣㣬࿴⁐ᾮ࠿ࡽࡶ⤖} ᬗ᰾ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬  ୍᪉㸪྾཰ᾮ୰࡟྾╔๣ࢆศᩓࡋࡓሙྜ࡟ࡣ㸪⣽Ꮝෆ࡟⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࢘ࡀᚤ⣽࡞⤖ᬗ≧ែ࡛

 ྾╔ࡉࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪ࡇࢀࡀ⤖ᬗ᰾࡜࡞ࡾᾮ┦ࡀ‽Ᏻᐃ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡶ྾╔๣࿘ࡾ࡟⤖ᬗᡂ㛗 ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᐇ㝿࡟྾╔๣ࢆῧຍࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟ࡣ㸪㧗㐣㣬࿴≧ែ࡟㐩ࡋ࡚ึࡵ࡚ ᛴ㏿࡟⤖ᬗᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪኱ࡁ࡞⤖ᬗࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㸬྾╔๣⢏Ꮚ᭷↓࡟ࡼࡿLiBr 㐣㣬࿴⤖ᬗ ࢆᅗ1-2 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬    ᮏ◊✲ࡢᴫせ  ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪✵Ẽ෌⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆᐇᶵ࡟㐺⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᛕ㢌࡟࠾ࡁ㸪࣋ࣥࢳࢫࢣ࣮ ࣝᐇ㦂⿦⨨࡜ࣛ࣎ヨ㦂⿦⨨࡟ࡼࡿᐇ㦂࡜ゎᯒࡢ୧㠃ࡼࡾ᳨ウࡋ࡚㸪ࡑࡢ≉ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍ ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᮏㄽᩥࡣ㸵❶ࡼࡾᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ➨㸯❶࡛ࡣ㸪ᮏ❶࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿᗎㄽ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ㸪㛵㐃ࡍࡿᚑ᮶ࡢ◊✲ࡢືྥ࠾ࡼࡧ ᮏ◊✲ࡢᴫせ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ➨㸰❶࡛ࡣ㸪ࡲࡎAHP ࡢ✵Ẽ༢⊂ຍ ࡢ≉ᛶࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵ㸪పᅽ⵨Ẽࡢ⏕ᡂࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ ࢃࡎ྾཰ჾࡢఏ⇕≉ᛶࡢホ౯࡜ࢩࢫࢸ࣒≉ᛶࡢホ౯ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬 ➨㸱❶࡛ࡣ㸪AHP ࡢ✵Ẽ࠾ࡼࡧపᅽ⵨Ẽྠ᫬⏕ᡂ᫬ࡢ≉ᛶࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸰࠾ࡼ ࡧ྾཰ჾࡢఏ⇕≉ᛶ࡜ࢩࢫࢸ࣒≉ᛶࢆ୰ᚰ࡟᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬 ➨㸲❶࡛ࡣ㸪AHP ࡢ✵Ẽ෌⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ≧ࡢఏ⇕⟶ࡀከ⟶࡛㓄⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ ༢⟶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡢ≉ᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸㸬ࡲࡓ྾཰ჾෆࡢࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⇕࣭≀㉁⛣ືࡢ ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡸᾮ⭷࡜✵Ẽࡢ㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢ ᗘᕪࢆ᫂☜࡟ᐃ⩏ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ༑ศ࡟ゎ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪࣋ࣥࢳࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡢᛶ⬟ ᢕᥱࢆᨵၿࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᇶ♏◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ఏ⇕⟶࡛࠶ࡿ㖡〇ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ༢⟶ࡢఏ⇕ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ ࠸ఏ⇕⟶ࡢ⇕࣭≀㉁⛣ື≉ᛶࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡓᖹ⁥⟶࡛ࡢఏ⇕ᐇ㦂ࡶ⾜࠸ࢫࣃ ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺㸬 ➨㸳❶࡛ࡣ㸪LiBr-H2O ⣔྾཰ᾮ࡟྾╔๣ᚤ⢏Ꮚࢆศᩓࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⏕ᡂࡍࡿᚤ⣽࡞ 㐣㣬࿴⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ≉ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ࡲࡎᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࡢ⢏ᗘศᕸ࠾ࡼࡧ⤖ᬗࢫ ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ⢓ᗘ➼ࡢ≀ᛶィ ࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟ᛂ

 ⏝ࡍࡿ࠺࠼࡛㸪㔜せ࡞せᅉ࡜࡞ࡿఏ⇕ᛶ⬟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᾮ⭷ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪LiBr ⤖ ᬗࡢ⁐ゎຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡿ྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘኚ໬ࡢᢚไ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰ᛶ⬟పୗᢚไຠᯝࢆ㸪⇕࣭ ≀㉁⛣ືࣔࢹࣝゎᯒ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁᇶ♏ⓗほⅬ࠿ࡽᐃ㔞ⓗホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺㸬 ➨㸴❶࡛ࡣ㸪྾཰ჾࡢࣛ࣎ヨ㦂⿦⨨࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ /L%U ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ⢏ᗘศᕸཬࡧ ⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࢘Ỉ $+3 ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⵨Ẽ྾཰ᛶ⬟ྥୖࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ᭷ຠᛶࢆ᳨ウࡍ ࡿ㸬 ➨㸵❶࡟࡚ᮏㄽᩥࡢ⤖ㄽࢆ♧ࡍ㸬         



Fig. 1-1 Schematic of system flow of bench-scale experiment (6)

(a) Fine particle slurry of LiBr

(b) LiBr crystal lump grown



➨

➨㸰❶ $+3 ࡢ✵Ẽ༢⊂ຍ ࡢ≉ᛶホ౯



ᗫ⇕Ỉ㸦80Υ㸧ࢆᅇ཰ࡋ㸪Ỉ㸫ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺ⣔྾╔ࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ(6)_{ࢆ⏝࠸࡚150Υ௨ୖࡢ} ⵨ẼࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸⵨ẼⓎ⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᛶ⬟ࡣ࣋ࣥࢳࢫ ࢣ࣮ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒(8)_{࡛ホ౯ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣ㸪Ỉ⵨ẼⓎ⏕ẁ㝵࡟࠾࠸࡚Ỉࢆࢮ࢜} ࣛ࢖ࢺ࡟┤᥋᥋ゐࡉࡏ㸪㧗 ࡢᅽ⦰⵨Ẽࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣ㸪෌⏕ᕤ⛬࡟ ࠾ࡅࡿຠ⋡ⓗ࡞ຍ⇕࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⬺╔᫬㛫ࢆ▷⦰ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪㧗 ࡞✵Ẽ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺ ᗋࢆ┤᥋஝⇱ࡉࡏࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪Ỉ࡛㣬࿴ࡋࡓࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺࢆ༑ศ࡟෌⏕ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪 120Υ௨ୖࡢ஝⇱✵Ẽࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪AHP ࡢ✵Ẽ༢⊂ຍ ࡢ≉ᛶࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵ㸪పᅽ⵨Ẽࡢ⏕ᡂࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࢃࡎ྾཰ ჾࡢఏ⇕≉ᛶࡢホ౯࡜ࢩࢫࢸ࣒≉ᛶࡢホ౯ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬

 ᐇ㦂࠾ࡼࡧ ᐃ᪉ἲ

 ⿦⨨ᴫせ ✵Ẽ༢⊂ຍ ࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࡢࣇ࣮ࣟࢩ࣮ࢺࢆᅗᅗ2-1㸪ᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࡢእほ෗┿ࢆᅗᅗ2-2 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬 AHP ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ୺せ࡞ᵓᡂࡣ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸪྾཰ჾ㸪෌⏕ჾ㸪จ⦰ჾࡢྛࣘࢽࢵࢺ࡜㸪⁐ᾮ⇕ ஺᥮ჾ㸪⁐ᾮ࣏ࣥࣉ࠾ࡼࡧ㏦Ỉ࣏ࣥࣉ࠿ࡽᡂࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬෌⏕ჾෆ࡛⃰⦰ࡉࢀࡓ⁐ᾮࡣ㸪⁐ ᾮ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⁐ᾮ⇕஺᥮ჾ࡟࡚⇕஺᥮ࡋࡓᚋ㸪྾཰ჾ࡟ὶධࡍࡿ㸬྾཰ჾ࡛ࡣ㸪ᆶ┤ ⟶ෆࡢෆቨ࡟ἢࡗ࡚ὶୗࡋࡓ⃰⦰⁐ᾮࡣ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ࡟࡚⏕ᡂࡋࡓỈ⵨Ẽࡢ྾཰࡟ࡼࡿᕼ㔘⇕ ࡜จ⦰⇕࡟ࡼࡾὶୗࡉࢀࡿ㛫࡟᪼ ࡉࢀࡿ㸬✵Ẽࡣ྾཰ჾࡢఏ⇕⟶ࡢ⟶እഃࢆྥὶ࡛ὶ㏻ ࡋ㸪㧗 ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ྾཰ᾮ࡜✵Ẽࡢ⇕஺᥮࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ຍ ࡉࢀࡿ㸬Ỉ⵨Ẽࡢ྾཰࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᕼ㔘 ࡉࢀࡓ྾཰ᾮࡣ㸪ࡲࡔ㧗 ࡢ⇕ࢆᅇ཰ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟⁐ᾮ⇕஺᥮ჾࢆ⤒⏤ࡋ࡚෌⏕ჾ࡟ὶධࡍ ࡿ㸬෌⏕ჾ࡛ࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮࡣ㸪ఏ⇕⟶ࡢෆቨ㠃ࢆᾮ⭷࡛ὶୗࡋ㸪ఏ⇕⟶እഃ࠿ࡽ80 Υࣞ࣋ ࣝࡢ Ỉ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ຍ⇕ࡉࢀ㸪Ỉ⵨Ẽࡢ⵨Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ὶୗࡍࡿ㛫࡟⃰⦰ࡍࡿ㸬⵨ⓎࡋࡓỈ⵨

 Ẽࡣจ⦰ჾ࡬⛣ືࡋ㸪ෆ㒊࡟౪⤥ࡉࢀࡓ෭༷Ỉ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ఏ⇕⟶ࡢእ⾲㠃ୖ࡟࡚จ⦰ࡍࡿ㸬 จ⦰ჾෆࡢỈࡣ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟࡚⵨Ⓨჾ࡬࡜⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 AHP ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢఏ⇕⟶௙ᵝ࠾ࡼࡧఏ ⇕⟶ࡢ෗┿ࢆ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ⾲⾲2-1㸪ᅗᅗ2-3 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬AHP ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢྛࣘࢽࢵࢺ⇕஺᥮㒊ศࡢ ᭷ຠ㧗ࡉࡣ㸪ࣘࢽࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡾ4350ࠥ5500 mm ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ྛᶵჾࡢୖ㒊ᵓ㐀ࢆᅗᅗ2-4 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬 ྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ㸦AHP㸧ࡢ୺せ࡞㛵ಀᘧࢆ⾲⾲2-2 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬 ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ ᐇ㦂ࡣ㸪AHP ࡢ㐠㌿ࢆ㐃⥆ⓗ࡟⾜࡞࠸㸪ྛ⿦⨨ࡢධཱྀ࠾ࡼࡧฟཱྀࡢὶయ ᗘ࡜ධཱྀࡢὶ 㔞ࢆᡤᐃࡢ㛫㝸࡛ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣟ࢞࡟グ㘓ࡋࡘࡘ ᐃࡋ㸪ᐃᖖ≧ែࢆ༑ศ࡟㐩ᡂࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ ㄆࡋࡓ㸬྾཰ᾮࡢLiBr ⃰ᗘࡣ㸪྾཰ჾࡢධཱྀ࠾ࡼࡧฟཱྀ࡛ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࡋ࡚㸪㉥እ⥺‵ᗘ ィ(ᓥὠ〇సᡤ MOC-120H)࡛ィ ࡋࡓ㸬྾཰ᾮࡢࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࡣ㸪⁐ᾮ⛣㏦㓄⟶࠿ࡽࡢᢤࡁ ྲྀࡾ㒊ศࢆᅗᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪ࣂࣝࣈࢆ㸰ಶྲྀࡾ௜ࡅ㸪ࣂࣝࣈ㛫ࢆ┿✵࣏ࣥࣉ࡛ῶᅽ࡜ ࡋ㸪྾཰ᾮ⛣㏦⟶㏆ഐࡢࣂࣝࣈࢆ୍᪦㛤ࡁ㸪ࣂࣝࣈ㛫ࡢ㓄⟶ෆ࡟྾཰ᾮࡀὶධᚋ㸪྾཰ᾮ⛣ ㏦⟶㏆ഐࡢࣂࣝࣈࢆ㛢ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪┿✵࣮ࣜࢡࢆ㜵ࡂ⁐ᾮࢆᢤࡁྲྀࡿ㸬 

྾཰ჾࡢ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡢ᪤ ࡢィ⟬᪉ἲ

 ྾཰ჾࡢఏ⇕㏿ᗘࢆヨ⟬ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡࡞࡝ࡢྛࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡣ㸪୍⯡ࡢᕤᴗ⏝ ከ⟶ᘧ⇕஺᥮ჾタィ࡛័౛ⓗ࡟᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ἲ࡟ࡼࡗࡓ㸬௨ୗ࡟ࡑࡢᴫ␎ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬  ✵Ẽ࡬ఏ㐩ࡉࢀࡿఏ⇕㏿ᗘ

Q

_Aࡣ㸪⇕㏻㐣⋡㸦⥲ᣓఏ⇕ಀᩘ㸧UA㸪ᑐᩘᖹᆒ ᗘᕪǼTA ࡟ࡼࡾḟࡢᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿ㸬

)

(

_{AA2 AA1} AA PA A

C

G

T

T

Q

A A AA ΔT U 㸦2-1㸧 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ఏ⇕㠃✚

A

_A

D

_Ai

L

_A

N

_A ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪

Q

A࡜ǼTAࡣ⾲⾲2-3 ࡛ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㸬 ⟶᮰ࢆὶࢀࡿ✵ẼࡢRe ᩘࡣḟᘧ࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 a c o A a

D

G

/μ

Re

㸦2-2㸧

 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪DAoࡣఏ⇕⟶እᚄ㸪Gcࡣ⟶᮰ࢆὶࢀࡿ᭱኱㉁㔞㏿ᗘ㸪 aࡣ✵Ẽࡢ⢓ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ୍᪉㸪UAࡣ⟶ෆࡢ྾཰ᾮࡢ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘhS࡜⟶እࡢ✵Ẽࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡hA࡜ఏ⇕⟶ࡢ⇕ఏ ᑟ⋡ ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡼࡾḟᘧ࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 i A Ao S m Ao A A A 1 1 1 D D h D D t h U 㸦2-3㸧  ࡇࡇ࡛㸪tAࡣఏ⇕⟶ࡢཌࡳ㸪DAoࡣఏ⇕⟶እᚄ㸪DAiࡣఏ⇕⟶ෆᚄ㸪Dmࡣఏ⇕⟶ࡢᑐᩘ ᖹᆒᚄ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬  ఏ⇕⟶⩌ࢆὶ㏻ࡍࡿ⟶እቨѸ✵Ẽ㛫ࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡hAࡣ㸪Bell ࡢ᪉ἲ(21)࡟ࡼࡾ᥎⟬ࡍ ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 g 䡄 0.14 w o A -2/3 c o h fh A F j (C G 䠅(Pr䠅 (μ / μ ) ( /X)F h 㸻 㸦2-4㸧 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪Ffhࡣ⟶ࡢ✀㢮࡟ࡼࡿಀᩘ࡛㸪ࡇࡇ࡛⏝࠸ࡓఏ⇕⟶ࡣࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡛࠶ࡿࡀᖹ⁥ ⟶࡛㏆ఝࡋ࡚㸪Ffh 1.0࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ఏ⇕ᅉᏊjhࡣReaᩘࡢ㛵ᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪௨ୗࡢᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 -0.39 h

0.35

Re

a

䡆

 (Re=600㹼10000) 㸦2-5㸧 ⬗࡜⟶᮰࡜ࡢ㛫ࢆ㏻ࡿὶࢀ࡟ࡼࡿ⿵ṇಀᩘ hࡣ௨ୗࡢᘧ࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 )] / 2 -(1 exp[-1.25 3 c s BP N N F h 㸦2-6㸧 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪FBPࡣ⇕஺᥮ჾࡢ୰ᚰ⥺࡟᭱ࡶ㏆࠸⟶ิ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㸪⟶᮰࡜⬗ෆᚄ࡜ࡢ㛫㝽ࡢὶ㊰㠃 ✚Sd࡜┤஺ὶ㊰㠃✚Sc࡜ࡢẚ㸪Nsࡣࣂ࢖ࣃࢫ㜵Ṇᯈࡢᩘ㸪Ncࡣ┤஺ὶࢀࡢ⠊ᅖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⦰ ὶ㒊ࡢᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬  ᘧ(2-3)୰ࡢ㑧㨱ᯈษḞ㒊ࢆ㏻ࡿὶࢀ࡟ࡼࡿ⿵ṇಀᩘ ࡣ㸪௨ୗࡢᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 03 0 b c 32 0

₍

₎

524

0

1.0

_r

_.

_r

.

_S

_/S

. _㸦2-7㸧  ࡇࡇ࡛㸪Sbࡣ㑧㨱ᯈษḞ㒊ࡢὶ㊰㠃✚࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㑧㨱ᯈษḞ㒊࡛ࡢఏ⇕㠃✚࡟ᑐࡍࡿẚ r ࡣ㸪ḟᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 t 1 w 2n /N r 㸦2-8㸧 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪nw1ࡣ㑧㨱ᯈษḞ㒊࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ⟶ᮏᩘ㸪Ntࡣఏ⇕⟶ࡢ඲ᮏᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

  ✵Ẽࡢ⢓ᗘ A0࡜⟶ቨ ᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ✵Ẽࡢ⢓ᗘ wࡀ࡯ࡰ➼ࡋ࠸࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ḟᘧࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ ࡿ㸬 1.0 ) / ( 0.14 w A0 μ μ 㸦2-9㸧 ⟶ิᩘ࡟ࡼࡿ⿵ṇಀᩘ㹖ࡣ㸪Re ࡢ್࡟ࡼࡾ㸪௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪 Nc’ࡣ⇕஺᥮ჾࡢ⬗ഃࢆὶయࡀὶࢀࡿὶ㊰ࡢ⦰ὶࡢ඲᭷ຠᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 Re=100㹼2000㸸X 1.0 Re>2000㸸⾲⾲2-4 㸦2-10㸧   㑧㨱ᯈ࡜⬗ෆቨ࡜ࡢ㛫㝽ὶࢀ࠾ࡼࡧ㑧㨱ᯈࡢ⟶✰࡜ఏ⇕⟶እ࡜ࡢ㛫㝽ὶࢀ࡟ࡼࡿ⿵ṇಀ ᩘFgࡣ㸪௨ୗࡢᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 S 2S S -F L SB TB ) ( 1 g 㸦2-11㸧 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪STBࡣ㑧㨱ᯈࡢ⟶✰࡜ఏ⇕⟶እ࡜ࡢ㛫㝽㠃✚㸪SSBࡣ㑧㨱ᯈ࡜⬗ෆቨ࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢ㛫㝽㠃 ✚㸪SLࡣ㛫㝽㠃✚ࡢ⥲ィ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡣSL/SCࡢ㛵ᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ḟᘧࡼࡾồࡵࡽࢀࡿಀᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 0.8 1 0 C L S S . 㸸 C L 0.45 0.10 S S α 㸦2-12㸧 1 0 C L _. S S 㸸 2 1 C L 442 0 / S S . α     㸦2-13㸧 ྾཰ᾮࡢ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘhSࡣ㸪ᄫࡽࡢ┦㛵ᘧ࡛ồࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ᄫࡽࡣᆶ┤෇⟶ෆࢆὶ ୗࡍࡿLiBr Ỉ⁐ᾮ࡟ࡼࡿ྾཰࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ὶධ≧ែࡀ㐣෭༷ࡢሙྜ࡛⭷ Re ᩘࡀ 35㹼130 ࡢ ᒙὶࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ḟࡢ┦㛵ᘧࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 -1.3 A1 1 25 0

₍

₎

䚷

0.934

Re

T

/T

Nu

. _ 3 1 2 s 3 s 2 s s s s g s / k h k L h 㸦2-14㸧  ࡓࡔࡋ㸪T1ࡣᖹᆒ⃰ᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㣬࿴ࡢ྾཰ᾮ ᗘ࡜ࡍࡿ㸬⭷Re ᩘࡣ㸪ḟᘧ࡛ồࡵࡿ㸬 s s/ 4 Re 㸦2-15㸧

 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ྛࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡛⏝࠸ࡿ≀ᛶ್ࡣ⁐ᾮධཱྀฟཱྀࡢ ᗘ㸪⃰ᗘࡢᖹᆒ್࠿ࡽィ⟬ࡋ㸪ᩥ ⊩(23)(24)(25)_{ࢆཧ⪃࡜ࡋࡓ㸬}  

⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ

྾཰ჾ࡛ࡢ㧗 ✵Ẽຍ ≉ᛶ  Ỉࡢ ᗘ80 Υ㸪㉁㔞ὶ㔞 9.9 kg/s㸪෭༷Ỉࡢ ᗘ 15 Υ㸪㉁㔞ὶ㔞 7.2 kg/s ࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ ࡢ $+3 ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢྛ ᗘ࡜✵Ẽࡢ㉁㔞ὶ㔞ࡢ⤒᫬ኚ໬ࢆᅗ2-6 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬✵Ẽࡢ㉁㔞ὶ㔞ࡣ 0.253 kg/s ࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚㸪㐠㌿୰࡟ 0.08-0.5 kg/s ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓ㸬✵Ẽὶ㔞ࡀࢫࢸࢵࣉ ⓗ࡟ኚ໬ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ㸪⣙20ࠥ30 ศ⛬ᗘ࡛ฟཱྀ✵Ẽ ᗘࡀᏳᐃⓗ࡟ᐃᖖ≧ែ࡟㐩ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 2-6 ࡢ(a)Ⅼ࡛ࡢྛᶵჾࡢධཱྀ㸪ฟཱྀࡢィ ್ࢆ⾲⾲2-2 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬  ࡲࡓᮏヨ㦂ࡢ✵Ẽὶ㔞⠊ᅖ࡛ࡣ㸪ฟཱྀ✵Ẽ ᗘࡣ120 Υ௨ୖ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ὶ㔞ࡀపୗࡍࡿ࡜ ࡸࡸ ᗘࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿഴྥࡀぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡓ㸬✵Ẽࡢฟཱྀ ᗘࡣࠊ⵨Ⓨჾࡢධཱྀࡢ Ỉ ᗘ ࡟ᙉࡃᙳ㡪ࡉࢀ㸪 Ỉ ᗘࢆ80 Υ࠿ࡽ 85 Υ࡟࠶ࡆࡿ࡜✵Ẽ ᗘࡣ 124 Υ࠿ࡽ 131 Υ࡟ ୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᅗᅗ  ࡟⁐ᾮࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࢆグࡋࡓDühring ⥺ᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬✵Ẽࡢ ฟཱྀ ᗘࡣ㸪✵Ẽධཱྀࡢ ᗘ࡜0.08-0.5 kg/s ࡢ⠊ᅖࡢ✵Ẽࡢ㉁㔞ὶ㔞ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ཷ ࡅ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ᖹ⾮⵨Ẽᅽࡢୖ᪼࡜྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘࡢୖ᪼ࡢࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬  ྾཰ჾࡢ⇕㏻㐣⋡ ᅗ2-8 ࡟㸪྾཰ჾࡢ⇕㏻㐣⋡࡬ࡢ✵Ẽࡢࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ 2-6 ࡢ྾཰ჾෆఏ ⇕㏿ᗘࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪(a)㹼(d)Ⅼ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁヨ⟬ࡋࡓఏ⇕⟶ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡢ྾ ཰ᾮѸ✵Ẽ㛫⇕㏻㐣⋡࡜㸪ఏ⇕⟶⾲㠃Ѹ✵Ẽ㛫ࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡࡜㸪 ⠇࡛ᴫㄝࡋࡓ᪤ ࡢ᥎ ⟬ἲ࠿ࡽồࡵࡓ⤖ᯝ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⇕㏻㐣⋡ࡣ㸪Rea࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ✵Ẽὶ㏿ࡢቑ ຍ࡟క࠸ቑຍࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ྾཰ჾ࡛ࡢ෭፹Ỉ⁐ᾮ࡜✵Ẽ㛫ࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩ࡀ㸪⟶እቨ㠃 ࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᨭ㓄ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡣ✵Ẽഃࣞ ࢖ࣀࣝࢬ㸦Re㸧ᩘࡢ㛵ᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚⾲ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪Re ᩘࡢᑐᩘ࡟࡯ࡰẚ౛ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ

 ࡇࡢẚ౛㛵ಀࡢ໙㓄ࡣ㸪᥎⟬್࡟ẚ࡭࡚ᐇ㦂್ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪 ᮏヨ㦂࡛⏝࠸ࡓఏ⇕⟶ࡀࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪᥎⟬್ࡣᖹ⁥⟶࡟ᑐࡍࡿ┦㛵㛵ಀ ࠿ࡽồࡵ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪✵Ẽὶ㔞ࡀቑࡍ࡟ᚑ࠸ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࡢఏ⇕ಁ㐍ຠᯝࡀ㢧ⴭ࡟࡞ࡾ㸪✵Ẽഃ ࡢఏ⇕ᛶ⬟ࡀ࢔ࢵࣉࡋࡓࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ఏ⇕ᶵᵓࢆཝᐦ࡟ゎ᫂ࡋ㧗⢭ᗘࡢఏ⇕ ホ౯ࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡍࡿゎᯒᡭἲࢆ☜❧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪௒ᚋࡉࡽ࡟ヲ⣽࡞᳨ウࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡶࡢ ࡢ㸪ᮏ✵Ẽὶ㔞⠊ᅖ࡛ࡣヨ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜᥎⟬್ࡢㄗᕪࡀ 30%௨ෆ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪๓㏙ࡢఏ⇕ ㏿ᗘ᥎⟬ἲ࡟ࡼࡾ⤒㦂ⓗ࡟࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢ⢭ᗘ࡛྾཰ჾࡢఏ⇕ᛶ⬟ࢆᴫ⟬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪タ ィᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚᥇⏝ࡋ࠺ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬   ྾཰ჾࡢ྾཰ᾮഃࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ ᅗ  ࡣ㸪✵Ẽ㉁㔞ὶ㔞0.253 kg/s ࡟୍࡚ᐃ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪྾཰ᾮࡢὶ㔞ࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏ㸪ᘧ㸦2-14㸧࠾ࡼࡧ(2-15)࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ồࡵࡓఏ⇕⟶ෆቨ㠃Ѹ྾཰ᾮ⭷㛫ࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡࡜ᘧ(2-1)࡟ࡼࡗ ࡚ồࡵࡓ⇕㏻㐣⋡ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬✵Ẽഃࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡀ୍ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜௬ᐃࡍࡿ࡜㸪⇕㏻㐣⋡ࡣ྾ ཰ᾮഃࡢ⭷Re ᩘ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ቑຍഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪྾཰ᾮࡢᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮഃࡢ⭷ Re ᩘ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ౫Ꮡᛶࡀᴟࡵ࡚ᑠࡉࡃ㸪1300 W/(m2 _{K) ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮࡢᾮ⭷} ࡀఏ⇕⟶ෆቨ㠃඲య࡟ᆒ୍࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡎ೫ὶࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪ఏ⇕㠃✚ࢆ᭷ ຠ࡟฼⏝࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ᝿ᐃࡉࢀࡿ㸬  ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᛶ⬟ホ౯ AHP ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ຠ⋡ẚ㸦EER㸧࡜ᡂ⦼ಀᩘ㸦COP㸧ࢆ⾲ 2-2 ࡢ㛵ಀᘧࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ ⟬ฟࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ 2-6 ࡢ(a)㹼(d)Ⅼ࡟࠾ࡅࡿEER ࡜ COP ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᅗᅗ2-10 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬⁐ᾮࡢ⛣㏦࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓ࣏ࣥࣉࡢᾘ㈝㟁ຊ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ EER ࡣ㸪Reaࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸ቑຍ ࡋ㸪Reaࡀ3,000 ௨ୖ࡛ 20 ࢆ㉺࠼ࡿ㸬COP ࡣ⇕ຠ⋡࡟┦ᙜࡋ㸪⥲ᢞධ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ ࠸ࡿ㸬COP ࡣ㸪Reaࡀ5,000 ௨ୖ࡛ 0.3 ࡄࡽ࠸ࡲ࡛㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㹿   Ỉ ᗘࢆ85 Υ࠿ࡽ 87 Υ࡟ኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓ࡜ࡁࡢྛ ᗘࡢ⤒᫬ኚ໬ࢆᅗᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍ㸬⇕ ※ࡢ Ỉ ᗘࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ඛ㏙ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟㸪 Ỉ ᗘࡀ85 Υ࠿ࡽ 87 Υ࡟ୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡔࡅ ࡛ࡶ✵Ẽฟཱྀ ᗘࡀ኱ࡁࡃ᪼ ࡋ㸪130.8 Υ࡟㐩ࡋࡓ㸬 Ỉ ᗘ 87 Υ࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁࡢᐃᖖ≧ ែ࡟࠾ࡅࡿྛࣘࢽࢵࢺࡢฟධཱྀࡢィ ್㸪஺᥮⇕㔞㸪ᡂ⦼ಀᩘࢆ⾲⾲2-5 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬྾཰ჾධཱྀ

 ࡛ࡢ྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ㓄⟶ෆ࡛LiBr ࡀ⤖ᬗᅛ໬ࡋ㸪᥇ྲྀ࡛ࡁ ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࢺࣛࣈࣝࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣᐇ ್࡛࠶ࡿ྾཰ჾฟཱྀ࡛ࡢ྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘ ࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚㸪⾲⾲2-2 ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ≀㉁཰ᨭࡀMgR MgE࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟᥎⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ྛࣘࢽࢵࢺฟ ධཱྀࡢ≧ែ࠿ࡽ⇕཰ᨭཬࡧ≀㉁཰ᨭ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪෌⏕ჾ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ྾཰ᾮࡢ⇕ ஺᥮㔞࡜ Ỉࡢ⇕஺᥮㔞࡟ⱝᖸࡢᕪ␗ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ࡑࢀ௨እࡢࣘࢽࢵࢺ࡛ࡣ࠾࠾ ࡴࡡ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬෌⏕ჾ࡛ࡢ⇕஺᥮㔞ࡢᕪ␗ࡣ㸪ฟධཱྀ㛫࡛ࡢ Ỉࡢ ᗘᕪ࡜྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘ ࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢィ ⢭ᗘୖࡢㄗᕪࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ୺࡞ཎᅉ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ ⤖ᯝ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪ᡂ⦼ಀᩘ COP ࡢヨ⟬ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬⇕※࠿ࡽࡢᅇ཰࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᇶ‽ࡢ COP ࡲ ࡓࡣ⇕ຠ⋡ࡣ0.29 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ᮏ᮶ᗫᲠࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ᤼⇕ᅇ཰ࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽᡤ⏝ືຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ᢞ ධࡋࡓ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᇶ‽ࡢEER ࡣ 27.7 ࡶࡢ㧗࠸್ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬 ⵨Ⓨჾ࡬ࡢ྾཰ᾮΰධࡢᙳ㡪  จ⦰Ỉ࡬ࡢ྾཰ᾮࡢΰධࡣ㸪ࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉᛶ⬟ࡢపୗ࡟⧅ࡀࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪จ⦰ჾෆ⣧Ỉ࡬ ࡢ྾཰ᾮΰධࡢ᭷↓ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪⵨Ⓨჾഃ࠿ࡽỈࢆࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࡋỈศィ㸦ᓥὠ〇సᡤ MOC-120H㸧࡛ LiBr ⃰ᗘࢆ ᐃࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪⵨Ⓨჾෆ࡬ࡢ྾཰ᾮࡢΰධࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡇ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞྾཰ᾮΰධࡀ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ࠿ࡽ྾཰ჾ࡬⛣ືࡍࡿỈ⵨Ẽ ᗘ࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ ࡓࡵ࡟㸪⵨Ⓨჾࡢ྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚Ⓨ⏕⵨Ẽ ᗘࢆࣉࣟࢵࢺࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆᅗᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍ㸬 ᅗ୰࡟ࡣ྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘ࡜ἛⅬୖ᪼ᗘࡢ㛵ಀࡶే♧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ἛⅬୖ᪼ᗘ tBࡣ㸪బྂࡽࡢ ┦㛵ᘧ(6)_{࠿ࡽḟᘧ࡛ồࡵࡓ㸬} ) /(log ( -)/ ( _{0 1 2} 2 ₃ 3 _{0 1 2} 2 ₃ 3 _{0 0} B B +Bm+B m +B m P A +Am+A m +A m )-B P-A Δt log 㸦2-16㸧 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ྛࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡣᩥ⊩(23)(24)(25)_{࡟ࡼࡗࡓ㸬⵨Ⓨჾ࡜྾཰ჾࡢ⵨Ⓨ ᗘࡢ ᐃⅬࡣ㸪ᅗᅗ}  ࡟♧ࡍ㸬⵨Ⓨჾ࡬ࡢ྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡟ᚑ࠸㸪Ⓨ⏕⵨Ẽ ᗘTG06㸪TG07 ࡀపୗ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚㸪⵨Ẽ྾཰࡟ࡼࡿ྾཰ᾮ ᗘࢆ㧗ࡃࡋ࡚ࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔ࢵ ࣉ ᗘࡢ㧗 ໬ࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪จ⦰ჾࡸ⵨Ⓨჾ࡟ࡣ྾཰ᾮࡢΰධࢆᴟຊᢚไࡍࡿᚲせࡀ ࠶ࡿ㸬 

   ⵨Ⓨჾ࡬ࡢΰධࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ ෌⏕ჾ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓỈ⵨Ẽࡣจ⦰ჾ࡟ὶධࡋ㸪จ⦰ࡉࢀỈ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬෌⏕ჾࡢࣇࣛࢵࢩࣗᐊ࡟ ྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡓ࣡࢖࣓ࣖࢵࢩࣗࢹ࣑ࢫࢱࡢศ㞳ຠ⋡࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ(27)_{㸬ศ㞳ຠ⋡E} 0ࡣ㸪 ᘧ(2-17)࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ศ㞳ຠ⋡ࡢ᳨ウ᮲௳ࢆ⾲⾲㸪ࢹ࣑ࢫࢱ࣮௙ᵝࢆ⾲⾲㸪ࢹ࣑ࢫࢱ࣮ タ⨨≧ἣࢆᅗᅗ ࡟♧ࡍ㸬࣡࢖࣓ࣖࢵࢩࣗࢹ࣑ࢫࢱࡢศ㞳ຠ⋡ࡀప࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪྾཰ᾮࡢ ࣑ࢫࢺࡀจ⦰ჾෆ࡟ΰධࡋࡓᚋ㸪⵨Ⓨჾෆ࡟ΰධࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬௒ᚋࡢᑐ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪 ࢹ࣑ࢫࢱ࣮ࡢཌࡳࢆཌࡃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ゎỴࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 N

E

K

E

₀

1

(1

_{3 M}

)

 

0.

482

㸦2-17㸧  ྾཰ჾࡢ⵨Ẽᑟධᯈࡢ㝽㛫ࡢᙳ㡪  ྾཰ჾୖ㒊ࡢ⵨Ẽᑟධᯈࡢᵓ㐀ࢆᅗᅗ ࡟♧ࡍ㸬྾཰ჾࡢ⵨Ẽᑟධᯈࡢ㝽㛫ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ⾲⾲  ࡟♧ࡍ㸬⵨Ẽᑟධᯈ࡜ఏ⇕⟶࡜ࡢ㝽㛫ࢆEࡢࡼ࠺࡟3 mm㹼4 mm ࡜ᗈࡃࡋࡓሙྜ࡟ࡣ㸪 ྾཰ჾୗ㒊ࡢ྾཰ᾮ ᗘࡀ㧗࠸࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪✵Ẽฟཱྀࡢ ᗘࡢపୗࡀ㢧ⴭ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ ࡣ㸪㝽㛫ࢆᗈࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢఏ⇕⟶࡟ᆒ୍࡟྾཰ᾮࡀὶୗࡏࡎ㸪ఏ⇕㠃✚ࢆ᭷ຠ࡟ά ⏝ࡉࢀࡎ࡟྾཰ჾୗ㒊࡟྾཰ᾮࡀ㧗 ࡢࡲࡲὶୗࡋࡓࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬௨ୖࡢࡇ ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪྾཰ჾࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮࢆ඲ఏ⇕⟶࡟ᆒ୍࡟ὶୗࡉࡏࡿ྾཰ჾୖ㒊ࡢ ⵨Ẽᑟධᯈࡀ㔜せ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬  ⿦⨨ࡢ⮬ື㐠㌿ࡢ᳨ド  ࢱ࢖࣐࣮㒊ศࢆᡭື࡛⮬⏤࡟タᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ᅗ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢫࢆ ⪃࠼㸪ᡭື㐠㌿࡟࠾࠸࡚ࢱ࢖࣐࣮ࡢタᐃ᫬㛫ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬 ᤼Ỉ࣏ࣥࣉ㐠㌿ᚋ㸪 ᗘࡀᐃᖖ ࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ࡢ᫬㛫࠿ࡽ㸪ࢱ࢖࣐࣮ࢆ  ศ࡟Ỵᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓࠊ⿦⨨㉳ື᫬ࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮࡀ⤖ᬗ ໬ࡋ࡞࠸⃰ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪྾཰ᾮࡢ⃰⦰᧯సࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬⁐ᾮ⛣㏦࣏ࣥࣉ 㸪⁐ᾮ⛣ ㏦࣏ࣥࣉ  㐠㌿ᚋࡢ⁐ᾮࡢ⃰⦰࡟せࡍࡿ᫬㛫࠿ࡽ㸪ࢱ࢖࣐࣮ࢆ  ศ࡟Ỵᐃࡋࡓ㸬㐠⾜ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ୍౛ࢆᅗᅗ ࡟♧ࡍ㸬✵Ẽฟཱྀ ᗘࡢ⤒᫬ኚ໬࠿ࡽ㸪ᐃᖖ᧯స࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛࡟⿦⨨ ㉳ື࠿ࡽ⣙㸯᫬㛫せࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᐃᖖ㐠㌿᫬࡟ࡶᏳᐃࡋࡓ⮬ື㐠㌿ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬





ᮏ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ

✵Ẽ෌⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪࣋ࣥࢳࢫࢣ࣮ࣝヨ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ〇సࡋ㸪✵Ẽຍ⇕≉ ᛶホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓ୺࡞▱ぢࡣ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬  ✵Ẽ㢼㔞 1㹫_{K㸪෭༷Ỉ ᗘ Υ࡟࡚㸪 Ỉ ᗘࢆ Υ࠿ࡽ Υ࡟ୖࡆࡿࡇ} ࡜࡛✵Ẽฟཱྀ ᗘࡀ኱ࡁࡃୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋ㸪Υࡲ࡛᪼ ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ ࡁࡓ㸬  ୖグࡢ᮲௳࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⇕※࠿ࡽࡢᅇ཰࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᇶ‽ࡢ&23ࡲࡓࡣ⇕ຠ⋡ࡣ  ࡛࠶ ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ᮏ᮶ᗫᲠࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ᤼⇕ᅇ཰ࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽᡤ⏝ືຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ᢞධࡋࡓ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ ᇶ‽ࡢ((5ࡣ  ࡶࡢ㧗࠸್ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬  ྾཰ჾࡢ✵Ẽഃ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࡣ㸪%HOO ࡢ᪉ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪᥎⟬ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ ⟶ࡢఏ⇕⟶࡟ࡼࡾ㸪✵Ẽഃࡢఏ⇕ᛶ⬟ࡢྥୖࡀᅗࢀࡓ㸬  ⵨Ⓨჾ࡬ࡢ྾཰ᾮࡢΰධ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡀ㸪෌⏕ჾэจ⦰ჾࡢ⵨Ẽ୰࡟྾཰ᾮࡢ࣑ࢫࢺࡢ ྠక࡟ࡼࡗ࡚จ⦰ჾ࡟ΰධࡋ㸪จ⦰ჾэ⵨Ⓨჾ࡬෭፹⛣㏦࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㸬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᛶ⬟ྥୖࡢࡓࡵ࡟㸪྾཰ᾮ࣑ࢫࢺᑐ⟇ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ ࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬  ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢫ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪⿦⨨ࢆ㉳ື᫬ࠊᐃᖖ≧ែ᫬࡟ࡶᏳᐃࡋ࡚⮬ື㐠㌿ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬        

     

Fig. 2-1 Cycle flow of experimental apparatus

   WR M gR M AA M TWC1 TWC䠎 T*gC HgR TWR2 TWR1 TSR2 TSR1 TSA1 TSA2 TAA1 TAA2 T*gE TWE1 TWE2 Cooling water Hot water Hot water Air

Evaporator Absorber Regenerator Condenser

Solution heat exchanger

Water W ater va por W ate r vapor SR1

M

SR2 M gE M HgE SR1 ρ SR2 ρ SA2 ρ SA1 ρ WE M SA2 M





Fig. 2-2Experimental apparatus



 (a) Spiral tubes

 (b) Bare tubes



Table 2.1 Dimensions and shape of tubes in equipment

Element Evaporator Absorber Regenerator Condenser

Material copper Copper copper copper

The number of the tubes 74 46 42 91

Length [mm] 4848 4940 4352 5500

Inner diameter [mm] 23 23 23 16.6

Effective heat transfer area [m2_{] 25.9 16.4 13.2 26.8}

Shape Vertical spiral _tubes Vertical spiral _tubes Vertical spiral _{tubes bare tubes} U-shaped 



Fig.2-4 Structure of upper of equipment 



 Fig.2-5 Extraction method of absorbent solution from solution transfer pipe



 Fig.2-6 Changes of temperatures in AHP system with time

Hot water mass flow rate: 9.9 kg/s Cooling water mass flow rate: 7.2 kg/s

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 Time [h] Te m p er at u re [ °C ] 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 M as s fl ow ra te o f a ir [k g/ s]

Inlet temp. of cooling water Mass flow rate of air Inlet temp. of hot water

Inlet temp. of air Outlet temp. of air

(a) (b) (c) (d) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 Time [h] Te m p er at u re [ °C ] 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 M as s fl ow ra te o f a ir [k g/ s]

Inlet temp. of cooling water Mass flow rate of air Inlet temp. of hot water

Inlet temp. of air Outlet temp. of air



Fig.2-7 Düehring plot for cycle solution

Table 2-2 Measurement value at the inlet and outlet of each device in Fig.2-6 (a)

TWE1䚷[°C] 79.7 HgE䚷[kJ/kg] 2628.8 TAA1䚷[°C] 80 [kg/s] 0.362 [kg/s] 0.378

TWE2 [°C] 78.7 [kg/s] 0.0163 TAA2 [°C] 124.2 TSA1 [°C] 80.7 TSA2 䚷[°C] 133.3

[kg/s] 9.9 T*gE [°C] 75.7 [kg/s] 0.253 䃠SA1 [wt%] 66.2 䃠SA2 [wt%] 63.6

TWC1䚷[°C] 15 HgR䚷[kJ/kg] 2634.8 [kg/s] 0.378 [kg/s] 0.362 TWR1䚷[°C] 80.1

TWC2 [°C] 16.6 [kg/s] 0.0163 TSR1 [°C] 130 TSR2 [°C] 78 TWR2 [°C] 79.9

[kg/s] 7.2 T*

gC 䚷[°C] 15.8 䃠SR1[wt%] 63.6 䃠SR2 [wt%] 66.2 [kg/s] 9.9

Absorbent solution Absorbent solution Hot water Hot water

Cooling water Water vapor

Absorber Evaporator

Air

Regenerator

Absorbent solution Absorbent solution Water vapor Condenser AA M 1 SA M MSA2 1 SR M M_SR2 WR M WC M gR M WE M gE M



Table 2-3 Equations for heat transfer rate, mass balance and effective temperature difference Heat transfer rate

Evaporator

Q

_E

C

_Pw

M

_WE

(

T

_WE1

T

_WE2

)

Q_E1 M_gE(H_gE H_gC)

Absorber

Q

_A

C

_PA

M

_AA

(

T

_AA2

T

_AA1

)

Q_A M_gE(H_gE H_SA2) M_SA1(H_SA1 H_SA2)

Regenerator

Q

_R

C

_Pw

M

_WR

(

T

_WR1

T

_WR2

)

QR MgR(HgR HSR1) MSR2(HSR2 HSR1) Condenser

Q

_C

C

_Pw

M

_WC

(

T

_WC2

T

_WC1

)

QC MgR(HgR HgC) Heat pump

)

/(

_{E R} A

Q

Q

Q

COP

w

Q

EER

_A

/

w: Input power for pump

Mass balance

Flow rate MgE MSA2 MSA1 MgR MgE

M

SR2

M

SA1

M

SR1

M

SA2

Concentration _{SA2 SR1 SA1 SR2} MSR2 _SR2 MSR1 _SR1

Effective temperature difference

Evaporator

T

E

=

(

T

WE1

䠉

T

WE2

)/ln{(

T

WE1

䠉

T

*

gE

)/(

T

WE2

䠉

T

*

gE

)}

Absorber T_A={(T_SA1䠉T_AA2)䠉(T_SA2䠉T_AA1)} /ln{(T_SA1䠉T_AA2))/(T_SA2䠉T_AA1)}

Regenerator T_R={(T_WR1䠉T_SR2)䠉(T_WR2䠉T_SR1)} /ln{(T_WR1䠉T_SR2))/(T_WR2䠉T_SR1)}

Condenser

T

C

=

(

T

WC2

䠉

T

WC1

)/ln{(

T

*

gC

䠉

T

WC1

)/(

T

*

gC

䠉

T

WC2

)}

Table 2-4 Relationship between Nc’ and㹖㸦Re>2000㸧

Nc’ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

X 0.68 0.70 0.77 0.83 0.86 0.88 0.90 0.91

Nc’ 9 10 12 15 18 25 35 72

X 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99



 )

)LJ Effect of Reynolds number of air on overall heat transfer coefficient in absorber

 )LJ Effect of film Reynolds number of absorbent solution on overall heat transfer

coefficient and convective heat transfer coefficient in absorber

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 120.0 170.0 220.0 270.0

T

h

e overal

l h

eat tra

n

sf

er

coef

fi

ci

en

t

[W/

(m

2

䞉K)]

T

he con

vecti

ve

h

eat tra

n

sf

er

coef

fi

ci

en

t

[W/

(m

2

䞉K)

]

Film Re number [-]

 )

)LJ Effect of Reynolds number on EER and COP 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 100 1000 10000 COP [-] EER [-] Re_A

w

/

Q

EER

_A

)

/(

_{E G} A

Q

Q

Q

COP



 Fig.2-11 Changes of temperatures in AHP system with time

Hot water mass flow rate: 10.3 kg/s Cooling water mass flow rate: 6.7 kg/s

Table 2-5 Measurement value at the inlet and outlet of each device,

COP and EER in AHP system

TWE1䚷[°C] 86.6 HgE䚷[kJ/kg] 2645 TAA1䚷[°C] 89.7 [kg/s] 0.360 [kg/s] 0.341 TWE2 [°C] 85.5 [kg/s] 0.019 TAA2 [°C] 130.8 TSA1 [°C] 139.7 TSA2 䚷[°C] 87.7 [kg/s] 10.3 T*gE䚷[°C] 81.2 [kg/s] 0.44 䃠SA1 [wt%] 63.9 䃠SA2 [wt%] 66.8 [kJ/s] 50.0 [kJ/s] 49.7 [kJ/s] 18.4 [kg/s] 0.341 [kg/s] 0.361 TWR1䚷[°C] 87.0 TWC1䚷[°C] 15.7 HgR䚷[kJ/kg] 2643 TSR1 [°C] 84.9 TSR2 [°C] 136.7 TWR2 [°C] 86.7 TWC2 [°C] 17.5 [kg/s] 0.0194 䃠SR1 [wt%] 66.8 䃠SR2 [wt%] 63.9 [kg/s] 10.3 [kg/s] 6.7 T*gC 䚷[°C] 18.3 [kJ/s] 12.9 [kJ/s] 49.8 [kJ/s] 49.7 Absorbent solution

Cooling water Water vapor Absorbent solution Hot water

Evaporator Absorber

Regenerator Condenser

Hot water Water vapor Air Absorbent solution

Heat pump

= 27.7

w: Input power for pump = 0.665 (kW) = 0.29 [kJ/s] 18.0 [kJ/s] 18.3 Absorbent solution E Q QE AA M A Q 1 SA M M_SA2 A Q 1 SR M M_SR2 WR M MWC gR M R Q Q_R QC QC WE M gE M ) /( E R A Q Q Q COP w Q EER A/



 Fig.2-12 Relationship of absorption solution concentrationin evaporator,

vapor temperature, degree of boiling point elevation



 



Table Study conditions of separation efficiency

Vapor flow rate Vapor density Absorption solution concentration Absorption solution temperature Density of mist Mist diameter㻌 dp [kg/s] [kg/m3_{] [wt%] [䉝] [kg/m}3_{] [m]} 0.0121 0.242 62.5 75 1736.5 0.000005

Table  Specification of demister

Style Material Diameter of wire Area of passing portion of demister Thickness Number of layers of wire mesh Volume fraction of wire in one layer [m] A [m2_{] [mm] N [-] K} 3 [-] H-style SUS304 0.00025 0.0187 30 6 0.17   

Fig.2-14 Demister mounting situation 

      Fig.2-15 Structure of vapor introduction plate in the upper part of absorber



Table Effect of clearance of vapor introduction plate and heat transfer tube (a) clearance of vapor introduction plate and

heat transfer tube About 0.5-2 mm

(b) clearance of vapor introduction plate and heat transfer tube

About 3-4 mm

 

Air mass flow rate: 0.377 kg/s Hot water temp.:80 Υ

Hot water mass flow rate: 10.4 kg/s Cooling water temp.:14.9 Υ

Cooling water mass flow rate: 10.4 kg/s

 Air mass flow rate: 0.377 kg/s

Hot water temp.:80.1 Υ

Hot water mass flow rate: 10.4 kg/s Cooling water temp.:15.2 Υ

Cooling water mass flow rate: 8.4 kg/s 



 Fig.2-16Start-up flow chart

ಖ ಖᏳ⿦⨨ 㻱㻾㻜㻡 ⁐ᾮ⛣㏦䝫䞁䝥㻝㻝㻙㻝㻞㐣㟁ὶ 㻱㻾㻜㻢 ෭፹⛣㏦䝫䞁䝥㻝㻝㻙㻝㻟㐣㟁ὶ 䜶䝷䞊䝁䞊䝗 ಖᏳ⿦⨨✀㢮 㻱㻾㻜㻝 㻱㻾㻜㻠 ྾཰ჾ㧗 㻔㻝㻡㻜䉝タᐃ㻕 ෌⏕ჾ㧗 㻔㻝㻡㻜䉝タᐃ㻕 ෭፹⛣㏦䝫䞁䝥㻝㻝㻙㻝㻜㐣㟁ὶ ⁐ᾮ⛣㏦䝫䞁䝥㻝㻝㻙㻝㻝㐣㟁ὶ 㻱㻾㻜㻞 㻱㻾㻜㻟  ᤼Ỉ䝫䞁䝥 㐠㌿ಙྕ ෭༷Ỉ䝫䞁䝥 㐠㌿ಙྕ 㐠㌿䝪䝍䞁㻻㻺 㟁※ᢞධ จ⦰ჾỈ఩䍻㻸㻚㼃㻚㻸 ෭፹⛣㏦䝫䞁䝥 㻝㻝㻙㻝㻜㐠㌿ 䝍䜲䝬䞊䠌ศ 䝍䜲䝬䞊䠎䠌ศ ෭፹䝫䞁䝥㻝㻝㻙㻝䠏 㐠㌿ಙྕ ෌⏕✵Ẽ㏦㢼ᶵ䠍䚸 ෌⏕✵Ẽ㏦㢼ᶵ䠎䚸 ண⇕䝴䝙䝑䝖㐠㌿ಙྕ ⁐ᾮ⛣㏦䝫䞁䝥㻝㻝㻙㻝㻝䚸 ⁐ᾮ⛣㏦䝫䞁䝥㻝㻝㻙㻝㻞㐠㌿ 䝍䜲䝬䞊䠑ศ 㻺 㼅 㻌㻌㻌㻌ಖᏳᅇ㊰ ␗ᖖ ᨾ㞀೵Ṇ ṇᖖ



 Fig.2-17 Operation data of Start-up





グ

グྕ

A = heat transfer surface area [m2_]

COP = coefficient of performance [-]

Cp = specific heat [J/(kg·K)]

Do = outside diameter of tube [m]

EER = energy efficiency ratio [-]

F fh = correction factor for types of tubes [-]

Fg = correction factor of the flow through the baffle-to-tubehole gaps in the baffles and through the annular gap between the shell and the baffle edge

[-]

Gc = mass flux of air [kg/(m2㺃s]

g = gravity [m/s2_]

H = specific enthalpy [J/kg]

h = heat transfer coefficient [W/m2_·K]

jh = heat transfer factor at the appropriate Reynolds number [-]

k = thermal conductivity [W/m·K]

= mass flow rate [kg/s]

Nb = number of baffles [-]

Nc = number of tube rows crossed between baffle tips in one baffle section [-]

Nc’ = total number of tube rows crossed by the flow in the entire heat changer

[-]

Ns = number of sealing strips [-]

Nt = number of tubes [-]

Nw = number of tube rows in window zone [-]

nw = number of tubes in window zone [-]

= heat transfer rate [W]

Re = Reynolds number [-]

r = ratio of the baffle cut to the total heat transfer area [-]

M



Sb = window flow area [m2]

Sc = cross flow section area [m2]

Sd = bypass area [m2]

SSB = shell-to-baffle leakage area [m2]

SτB = tube-to-bafflehole leakage area [m2]

T = temperature [K]

UA = overall heat transfer coefficient [W/m2·K]

w = input power for pumps [W]

T = temperature difference [K]

X = correction factor of the number of tube rows [-]

T = temperature difference [K]

Special characters

= correction factor for the heat transfer coefficient [-]

= baffle cut correction factor [-]

= concentration of LiBr in solution [wt%]

a = viscosity in bulk temperature [Pa·s]

w = viscosity in tube wall temperature [Pa·s]

h = Eundle bypass correction factor [-]

Subscripts 1 = inlet of fluid 2 = outlet of fluid A = absorber a = air C = condenser E1 = evaporator 1 E2 = evaporator 2

 g = gas phase (steam)

p = input pump power base R = regenerator S = absorption solution W = water                  



➨

➨㸱❶ $+3 ࡢ✵Ẽຍ ࠾ࡼࡧపᅽ⵨Ẽྠ᫬⏕ᡂࡢ≉ᛶホ౯



ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪➨㸰❶࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ࣋ࣥࢳࢫࢣ࣮ࣝヨ㦂⿦⨨࡟పᅽ⵨ẼⓎ⏕⿦⨨ࢆ㏣ຍࡋ㸪 AHP ࡢ✵Ẽ࠾ࡼࡧపᅽ⵨Ẽྠ᫬⏕ᡂ᫬ࡢ≉ᛶࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸰࠾ࡼࡧ྾཰ჾࡢఏ⇕ ≉ᛶ࡜ࢩࢫࢸ࣒≉ᛶࢆ୰ᚰ࡟᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬

 ᐇ㦂࠾ࡼࡧ ᐃ᪉ἲ

 ⿦⨨ᴫせ ✵Ẽຍ ࠾ࡼࡧపᅽ⵨Ẽࡢྠ᫬⏕ᡂࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࡢࣇ࣮ࣟࢩ࣮ࢺࢆᅗᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ᮏ⿦⨨ ࡢ୺せ࡞ᵓᡂࡣ㸪➨㸰❶ࡢヨ㦂⿦⨨࡟⵨Ⓨჾ  ࢆ㏣ຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬෌⏕ჾෆ࡛⃰⦰ࡉࢀࡓ⁐ᾮ ࡣ㸪⁐ᾮ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⁐ᾮ⇕஺᥮ჾ࡟࡚⇕஺᥮ࡋࡓᚋ㸪྾཰ჾ࡟ὶධࡍࡿ㸬྾཰ჾ࡛ࡣ㸪 ᆶ┤⟶ෆࡢෆቨ࡟ἢࡗ࡚ὶୗࡋࡓ⃰⁐ᾮࡣ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸯࡟࡚⏕ᡂࡋࡓỈ⵨Ẽࡢ྾཰࡟ࡼࡿᕼ 㔘⇕࡟ࡼࡾὶୗࡉࢀࡿ㛫࡟ຍ ࡍࡿ㸬✵Ẽࡣ྾཰ჾࡢఏ⇕⟶ࡢእ㠃ࢆྥὶ࡛ὶ㏻ࡋ㸪㧗 ࡟ ࡞ࡗࡓ྾཰ᾮ࡜✵Ẽࡢ⇕஺᥮࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ຍ⇕ࡉࢀࡿ㸬Ỉ⵨Ẽࡢ྾཰࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᕼ㔘ࡉࢀࡓ྾཰ ᾮࡣ㸪⁐ᾮ⇕஺᥮ჾ࠾ࡼࡧ⵨Ⓨჾ  ࢆ⤒⏤ࡋ࡚෌⏕ჾ࡟ὶධࡍࡿ㸬⵨Ⓨჾ  ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡲࡔ㧗  ࡢ྾཰ᾮࢆ㧗 ὶయ࡜ࡋ࡚ఏ⇕⟶ෆࢆὶ㏻ࡋ㸪⟶እ㠃ୖࢆὶୗࡋࡓ⣧Ỉࡢᾮ⭷࠿ࡽỈ⵨Ẽ ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㸬෌⏕ჾ࡛ࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮࡣఏ⇕⟶ࡢෆ㠃ࢆᾮ⭷≧࡟ὶୗࡉࡏ㸪ఏ⇕⟶እ㠃ࡢ Υ ࡢ Ỉ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ຍ⇕ࡋࡘࡘ㸪⵨Ⓨ⃰⦰ࡍࡿ㸬⵨ⓎࡋࡓỈ⵨Ẽࡣจ⦰ჾ࡬⛣ືࡋ㸪ෆ㒊࡟౪⤥ ࡉࢀࡓ෭༷Ỉ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ఏ⇕⟶ࡢ⾲㠃ୖ࡟࡚จ⦰ࡍࡿ㸬จ⦰ჾෆࡢỈࡣ⵨Ⓨჾ  ࡟࣏ࣥࣉ࡟ ࡚⛣㏦ࡍࡿ㸬྾཰ჾ࠿ࡽ෌⏕ჾ࡟⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡿ㧗 ࡢ྾཰ᾮ㢧⇕ࢆపᅽ⵨Ẽ࡜ࡋ࡚⇕ᅇ཰ࡋ ࡓሙྜࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᛶ⬟ホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺㸬పᅽ⵨ẼⓎ⏕⏝ࡢ⵨Ⓨჾ  ࡣ㸪኱Ẽᅽࢆ㉸࠼ࡿࡀ㸪⭾ᙇ ࢱࣥࢡ࠿ࡽࡢ࣊ࢵࢻᅽ࡜ෆᐜ✚ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚㸪ປാᏳ඲⾨⏕ἲࡢᅽຊᐜჾ࡟ヱᙜࡋ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ ࡟᧯స᮲௳ࢆ㓄៖ࡋࡓ㸬Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓపᅽ⵨Ẽࡣ㸪จ⦰⏝⇕஺᥮ჾ࡟࡚⵨Ẽࢆจ⦰ࡉࡏ㸪จ⦰Ỉ ࡢ㔞ࢆኳ⛗࡛ィ ࡍࡿ㸬ྛᶵჾࡢୖ㒊ᵓ㐀ࢆᅗᅗ ࡟♧ࡍ㸬྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ㸦$+3㸧ࡢ ୺せ࡞㛵ಀᘧࢆ⾲⾲ ࡟♧ࡍ㸬AHP ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢఏ⇕⟶௙ᵝࢆ㸪⾲⾲3-2 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬

  ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ ᐇ㦂ࡣ㸪$+3ࡢ㐠㌿ࢆ㐃⥆ⓗ࡟⾜࡞࠸㸪ྛ⿦⨨ࡢධཱྀ࠾ࡼࡧฟཱྀࡢὶయ ᗘ࡜ධཱྀࡢὶ㔞 ࢆᡤᐃࡢ㛫㝸࡛ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣟ࢞࡟グ㘓ࡋࡘࡘ ᐃࡋ㸪ᐃᖖ≧ែࢆ༑ศ࡟㐩ᡂࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆ ࡋࡓ㸬/L%U⃰ᗘࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮࢆ྾཰ჾධཱྀ࠾ࡼࡧฟཱྀ࡛➨㸱❶࡜ྠᵝࡢ᪉ἲ࡟࡚ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ ࡋ࡚ồࡵࡓ㸬Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓపᅽ⵨Ẽࡣ㸪จ⦰⏝⇕஺᥮ჾ࡟࡚⵨Ẽࢆจ⦰ࡉࡏ㸪จ⦰Ỉ㔞ࢆ㸯ศ࠾ ࡁ࡟ኳ⛗࡛ィ ࡍࡿ㸬పᅽ⵨ẼⓎ⏕⏝ヨ㦂⿦⨨㒊ศࡢヲ⣽ࢆᅗᅗ࡟♧ࡍ㸬 

⵨Ⓨჾ㸰ࡢ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡢ᪤ ࡢィ⟬᪉ἲ

 ⵨Ⓨჾ㸰࡛⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂ࡟ᚲせ࡞ఏ⇕㏿ᗘ

Q

_E2ࡣ㸪⇕㏻㐣⋡㸦⥲ᣓఏ⇕ಀᩘ㸧UE2㸪ᑐᩘᖹᆒ  ᗘᕪ TE2࡟ࡼࡾḟࡢᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 1 SG 1 SG 21 SE 21 SE 2 E G H G H Q  2 E 2 E 2 E A T U 㸦3-1㸧 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪A_E2 䡀_E2iL_E2N_E2࡛࠶ࡾ㸪

Q

E2࡜ TE2ࡣ⾲⾲  ࡛ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪⇕㏻㐣⋡8( ࡣ⟶ෆቨѸ྾཰ᾮ⭷㛫ࡢ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘhS2㸪⟶እ⾲㠃ѸỈ⭷㛫ࡢ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘhE2㸪ఏ⇕⟶ࡢ⇕ఏᑟ ⋡ ࠿ࡽ㸪ḟᘧ࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 i 2 E o 2 E 2 S m o 2 E 2 E 2 E 2 E 1 1 1 d d h d d t h U 㸦3-2㸧 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪W(ࡣఏ⇕⟶ࡢཌࡳ㸪dE2oࡣఏ⇕⟶እᚄ㸪dE2iࡣఏ⇕⟶ෆᚄ㸪dmࡣఏ⇕⟶ࡢᑐᩘᖹᆒ ᚄ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ⟶ෆ྾཰ᾮࡢ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘhS2ࡣ㸪Hausen ࡢ᪉ἲ(28)࡟ೌࡗ࡚ồࡵࡿ㸬 㐺⏝⠊ᅖ 2320<Re<1000000㸪Pr 0.6㹼500㸪LE2/dE2i=1 ௨ୖ i 2 E E2 0.14 w E2i 3 2 2 E i 2 E 1/3 2/3 2 S

0

.

116

Re

125

(

Pr

)

(

1

d

/L

)

(

μ

/

μ

)

k

/

d

h

_㸻

_㹙

_㹛

/ 㸦3-3㸧 i 2 E

4

Re

㸦3-4㸧 i 2 E E2i i 2 E

k

C

Pr

㸦3-5㸧                            

 ⟶እࡢ⵨Ẽࡢ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘhw2 ࡣࠊWilke ࡢ᪉ἲ(29)࡟ೌࡗ࡚ồࡵࡿ㸬 ຓ㉮༊㛫࡛ࡢᖹᆒ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ 3 1 3 2 2 W 2 W 3 1 1/3 1/3 E2 2 E 2 W w2 2 W

₍

₃

₄

₎

₍

₎

/

g

1.88

4

092

0

_{/ / /}

Re

/

/

Pr

k

L

Re/

C

.

h

㸦3-6㸧 ὶࢀࡢⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ༊㛫࡛ࡢᖹᆒ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ   Re>3200 344 0 15 14 2 E 2 W 00066( )( ₄ ) . / _Pr Re k . h 㸦3-7㸧 i 2 E

4

Re

㸦3-8㸧 i 2 E E2i i 2 E k C Pr _㸦3-9㸧 15 8 2 2 E 2 i 2 E ₎ 4 )( g 3 ( 302 0_. Re / _{ (Re>1600)} 㸦3-10㸧   

 ≉ᛶホ౯

྾཰ჾ࡟࠾࠸࡚✵Ẽࢆ㉁㔞ὶ㔞 0.253 kg/s ࡛ຍ⇕ࡋࡘࡘ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸰࡛Ỉ⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࣁ ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻ㐠㌿ࡋࡓሙྜࡢ྾཰ჾ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸰࡟࠾ࡅࡿ ᗘࡢ⤒᫬ኚ໬ࢆᅗᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ᅗᅗ  ࡟⁐ᾮࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࢆグࡋࡓDühring ⥺ᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬80Υࡢ✵Ẽࡀ 125Υࡲ࡛ຍ⇕ࡉࢀࡿ࡜ ྠ᫬࡟㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸰࡛ࡣ101.6Υࡢ㣬࿴⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂ᫬࡟ࡣ 0.0047NJV㸪113.9Υࡢ㣬࿴⵨Ẽ⏕ ᡂ᫬࡟ࡣ0.0025 NJV ࡢỈ⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬ᅗᅗ  ࡣ㸪D పᅽ⵨ẼⓎ⏕࡞ࡋ㸪E 113.9Υపᅽ⵨ẼⓎ⏕㸪F101.6Υపᅽ⵨ẼⓎ⏕᫬ࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢሙྜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ྾཰ჾࡢ⇕ ཰ᨭࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ධཱྀࡣὶධࡍࡿ⵨Ẽ࡜྾཰ᾮࡢ⇕㔞㸪ฟཱྀࡣ✵Ẽࡢຍ  ⇕㔞࡜ὶฟࡍࡿ྾཰ᾮࡢ⇕㔞ࢆ⾲ࡍ㸬D㸪E㸪F࡜ࡶ࡯ࡰྠᵝࡢ⇕㔞࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪 పᅽ⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂ᫬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ྾཰ჾ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ✵Ẽࡢຍ ᛶ⬟ࡢపୗࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ ࠿ࡿ㸬ᅗᅗ  ࡟DࠥFࡢ᮲௳࡛ࡢ෌⏕ჾࡢ⇕཰ᨭࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ධཱྀࡣ Ỉࡢᢞධ⇕ 㔞࡜ὶධࡍࡿ྾཰ᾮࡢ⇕㔞㸪ฟཱྀࡣⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ⵨Ẽࡢ⇕㔞࡜ὶฟࡍࡿ྾཰ᾮࡢ⇕㔞ࢆ⾲ࡍ㸬 D࡛ࡣⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ⵨Ẽࡢ⇕㔞ࡣ኱㒊ศࡀ྾཰ᾮࡢ㢧⇕࡛࠶ࡾ㸪E㸪F࡜࡞ࡿ࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪



ᚎࠎ࡟ᢞධࡍࡿ Ỉࡢ⇕㔞ࡀቑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ⵨Ẽࡢ⇕㔞ࡀ࡯࡜ ࢇ࡝ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪෌⏕ჾࡢᛶ⬟పୗࡶぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬ᅗᅗ  ࡟ $+3 ࢩ

ࢫࢸ࣒ࡢEER࡜COP ࡟୚࠼ࡿపᅽ⵨ẼⓎ⏕ ᗘࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ᡂ⦼ಀᩘ EER ࡣ

ὶయ⛣㏦⏝࣏ࣥࣉࡢᾘ㈝㟁ຊ࡟ᑐࡍࡿⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ⇕㔞ࡢẚ⋡㸪ᡂ⦼ಀᩘCOP ࡣᢞධࡋࡓ Ỉ ࡢ⇕㔞࡟ᑐࡍࡿⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ⇕㔞ࡢẚ⋡㸪◚⥺ࡣపᅽ⵨ẼࢆⓎ⏕ࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜࡢEER㸪COP ࢆ♧ ࡍ㸬పᅽ⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂ᫬ࡢEER㸪COP ࡜ࡶ࡟㸪⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂࡀ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟ẚ࡭࡚㧗ࡃ㸪๓⪅ࡢ EER ࡣ  ࢆ኱ࡁࡃୖᅇࡿ㧗࠸ᛶ⬟ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞஦ᐇ࠿ࡽ㸪⇕ᅇ཰ࡢ᭱㐺໬ࢆᅗࡿࡇ ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᛶ⬟ࡀྥୖࡍࡿవᆅࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ᅗ ࡣ㸪྾཰ჾ࡛✵Ẽ㉁㔞ὶ㔞ࢆ0.253 kg/s ࡜ࡋ࡚✵Ẽຍ⇕ࡋࡘࡘ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸰࡛పᅽ⵨ ẼࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸰ෆࡢఏ⇕⟶ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡢ⥲ᣓఏ⇕ಀᩘ࡟୚࠼ࡿ⵨Ẽ ᗘࡢᙳ 㡪ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗ୰࡟ࡣẚ㍑ࡢࡓࡵ࡟㸪ᘧ㹼㸪ᘧ㹼࠾ࡼࡧ ᘧ࠿ࡽ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ᥎⟬ࡉࢀࡿఏ⇕⟶ෆቨѸ྾཰ᾮ㛫ᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡㸪⟶እഃ⇕ఏ㐩⋡࠾ࡼ ࡧ⇕㏻㐣⋡ࢆᅗ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬᥎⟬ࡉࢀࡓ⟶ෆഃ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡣ⟶እഃ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ᴟࡵ࡚పࡃ㸪⇕㏻ 㐣⋡࡟㏆࠸್࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⇕㏻㐣⋡ࡢヨ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜᥎⟬⤖ᯝࡣ࡯ࡰ୍⮴ࡋ⵨Ⓨჾ㸰ࡢఏ ⇕ᛶ⬟ࢆᴫ⟬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪タィᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚᥇⏝ࡋ࠺ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

  ᮏ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ ✵Ẽ෌⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪࣋ࣥࢳࢫࢣ࣮ࣝヨ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ〇సࡋ㸪✵Ẽຍ⇕࠾ ࡼࡧపᅽ⵨Ẽྠ᫬⏕ᡂ᫬ࡢ≉ᛶホ౯ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓ୺࡞▱ぢࡣ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ ࡿ㸬  ྾཰ჾ࡛✵Ẽࢆຍ⇕ᚋ㸪྾཰ჾ࠿ࡽ෌⏕ჾ࡬⛣㏦ࡍࡿ㧗 ࡢ྾཰ᾮࡢ⇕ᅇ཰࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ పᅽ⵨ẼࢆⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚ࡶ✵Ẽࡢຍ ᛶ⬟ࡢపୗࡀぢࡽࢀࡎ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⇕ᅇ཰ࡢࡓࡵࡢ ࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻ᪉ᘧࢆ᥇⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪&23ࡢྥୖࡀᅗࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬  ෌⏕ჾࡢ⇕཰ᨭィ⟬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪኱㒊ศࡀ྾཰ᾮࡢ⮬ᕫ⇕࡛෌⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ ࡓ㸬  పᅽ⵨ẼⓎ⏕ࡢࡓࡵࡢ⵨Ⓨჾ㸰ࡢఏ⇕ィ⟬ᡭἲࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㸬  

 



Fig.3-1 Cycle flow of experimental apparatus



Table 3-1 Equations for heat transfer rate, mass balance and effective temperature difference 



Heat transfer rate

Evaporator 1 Q_E1 C_PwM_WE1(T_WE11 T_WE12) Q_E1 M_gE1(H_gE1 H_gC)

Absorber QA CPAMAA(TAA2 TAA1) QA MgE1(HgE1 HSA2)-MSA1(HSA1 HSA2)

Regenerator QR CPWMWR(TWR1 TWR2) QR MgR(HgR HSR1) MSR2(HSR2 HSR1)

Condenser QC CPWMWC(TWC2 TWC12) QC MgR(HgR HgC)

Evaporator 2 Q_E2 M_gE2(H_gE2 H_WE2) _{QE2 MSE21HSE21 MSR1HSR1)}

Heat pump ) ( ) (QA QE2 / QE1 QR COP w ) (Q_A Q_E2 / ER E

w: Input power for pump

Mass balance

Flow rate MgE1 MSA2 MSA1

M

gR

M

gE1

M

SR2

M

SA1

M

SR1

M

SA2

M

SE21

Concentration _{SA2 SG1 SE21 SA1 SG2}

M

_{SG2 SG2}

M

_{SG1 SG1}

Effective temperature difference

Evaporator 1 T_E1 (T_WE11 T_WE12)/ln T_WE11 T gE1 / T_WE12 T gE1

Absorber TA={(TSA1䠉TAA2)䠉(TSA2䠉TAA1)} /ln{(TSA1䠉TAA2))/(TSA2䠉TAA1)}

Regenerator TR={(TWR1䠉TSR2)䠉(TWR2䠉TSR1)} /ln{(TWR1䠉TSR2))/(TWR2䠉TSR1)}

Condenser T_C (T_WC2 T_WC1)/ln T gC T_WC1 / T gC T_WC2

Evaporator 2 TE2 (TSE21 TSR1)/ln TSE21 TgE2 / TSR1 TgE2

Table 3-2 Dimensions and shape of tubes in equipment

Element Evaporator

1

Absorber

Regenerator Condenser Evaporator

2

Material copper

copper copper copper copper

The number of the

tubes

74 46 42

91 4

Length [mm]

4848

4940

4352

5500

3200

Inner diameter [mm]

23

23

23

16.6

16.6

Effective heat transfer

     

Fig.3-3Experimental apparatus for low-pressure steam generation            

        Fig.3-4 Changes of temperature in AHP system with time

 Inlet hot water temp.: 80°C Hot water mass flow rate: 9.9 kg/s  Inlet cooling water temp.: 15°C Cooling water mass flow rate: 7.2 kg/s  40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 0.0 1.0 2.0

Time [h]

Tem

p

er

at

u

re [

°C]

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

M

as

s f

low

r

at

e of

ai

r

[k

g/

s]

Inlet temp. of air Mass flow rate of air

Generated steam temp. Outlet temp. of absorbent

in Evaporator 2

Outlet temp. of air Inlet temp. of absorbent

in Evaporator 2

Generated steam: 0.0047 kg/s Generated steam: 0.0025 kg/s

Valve adjustment 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 0.0 1.0 2.0

Time [h]

Tem

p

er

at

u

re [

°C]

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

M

as

s f

low

r

at

e of

ai

r

[k

g/

s]

Inlet temp. of air Mass flow rate of air

Generated steam temp. Outlet temp. of absorbent

in Evaporator 2

Outlet temp. of air Inlet temp. of absorbent

in Evaporator 2

Generated steam: 0.0047 kg/s Generated steam: 0.0025 kg/s

Valve adjustment



       Fig.3-6 Effect of low-pressure steam temperature for heat balance in absorber

Mass flow rate of air: about 0.25 kg/s Temp.of air㸸80 °C -124°C

 Fig.3-7Effect of low-pressure steam temperature for heat balance in regenerator

Mass flow rate of air: about 0.25 kg/s Temp.of air㸸80 °C -124°C   㻜 㻝㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻞㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻟㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻠㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻡㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ ⇕ 㔞  >N- K@ _{✵Ẽ䛾ຍ ⇕㔞} ྾཰ᾮ䛾⇕㔞䠄ฟཱྀ䠅 ⵨Ẽ䛾⇕㔞 ྾཰ᾮ䛾⇕㔞㻔ධཱྀ䠅 㼠 㼠 EΥ పᅽ⵨Ẽ Ⓨ⏕ FΥ పᅽ⵨Ẽ Ⓨ⏕ Dపᅽ⵨Ẽ Ⓨ⏕࡞ࡋ 㻜 㻝㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻞㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻟㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻠㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻡㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ ⇕ 㔞 >N - K@ Ⓨ⏕䛧䛯⵨Ẽ䛾⇕㔞 ྾཰ᾮ䛾⇕㔞䠄ฟཱྀ䠅 ᢞධ䛧䛯 Ỉ䛾⇕㔞 ྾཰ᾮ䛾⇕㔞䠄ධཱྀ䠅 㼠 㼠 EΥ పᅽ⵨Ẽ Ⓨ⏕ FΥ పᅽ⵨Ẽ Ⓨ⏕ Dపᅽ⵨Ẽ Ⓨ⏕࡞ࡋ

      

Fig. 3-8 Effect of generated steam temperature on EER and COP (air flow rate: 0.25 kg/s)





Fig. 3-9 Effect of generated steam temperature on overall heat transfer coefficient in evaporator 2