≉ᛶホ౯

⟶እࡢ⵨Ẽࡢ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘhw2 ࡣࠊWilkeࡢ᪉ἲ⁽²⁹⁾࡟ೌࡗ࡚ồࡵࡿ㸬

ຓ㉮༊㛫࡛ࡢᖹᆒ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ

3 1 3 2 2 W 2 W 3 1

1/3 1/3 2 E2

E 2

W 2 w2

W (3 4) ( )

/ g 4 1.88

092

0 _{/ / /}

Re /

/

Pr L k

Re/

C .

h 㸦3-6㸧

ὶࢀࡢⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ༊㛫࡛ࡢᖹᆒ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ

Re>3200

344 0 15 2 14

E 2

W )

)( 4 ( 0066

0 k Re ^/ Pr ^.

.

h 㸦3-7㸧

i 2 E

Re 4

_㸦3-8㸧

i 2 E

E2i i 2 E

k

Pr C 㸦3-9㸧

15 8 2 2 E

2 i 2

E )

)( 4 g (3 302

0 Re ^/

. (Re>1600) 㸦3-10㸧

ᚎࠎ࡟ᢞධࡍࡿ Ỉࡢ⇕㔞ࡀቑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ⵨Ẽࡢ⇕㔞ࡀ࡯࡜

ࢇ࡝ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪෌⏕ჾࡢᛶ⬟పୗࡶぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬ᅗᅗ ࡟ $+3 ࢩ ࢫࢸ࣒ࡢEER࡜_COP࡟୚࠼ࡿపᅽ⵨ẼⓎ⏕ ᗘࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ᡂ⦼ಀᩘEERࡣ ὶయ⛣㏦⏝࣏ࣥࣉࡢᾘ㈝㟁ຊ࡟ᑐࡍࡿⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ⇕㔞ࡢẚ⋡㸪ᡂ⦼ಀᩘCOPࡣᢞධࡋࡓ Ỉ ࡢ⇕㔞࡟ᑐࡍࡿⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ⇕㔞ࡢẚ⋡㸪◚⥺ࡣపᅽ⵨ẼࢆⓎ⏕ࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜࡢEER㸪COPࢆ♧

ࡍ㸬పᅽ⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂ᫬ࡢEER㸪COP࡜ࡶ࡟㸪⵨Ẽ⏕ᡂࡀ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟ẚ࡭࡚㧗ࡃ㸪๓⪅ࡢEER ࡣ ࢆ኱ࡁࡃୖᅇࡿ㧗࠸ᛶ⬟ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞஦ᐇ࠿ࡽ㸪⇕ᅇ཰ࡢ᭱㐺໬ࢆᅗࡿࡇ

࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᛶ⬟ࡀྥୖࡍࡿవᆅࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬

ᅗ ࡣ㸪྾཰ჾ࡛✵Ẽ㉁㔞ὶ㔞ࢆ0.253 kg/s࡜ࡋ࡚✵Ẽຍ⇕ࡋࡘࡘ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸰࡛పᅽ⵨

ẼࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪⵨Ⓨჾ㸰ෆࡢఏ⇕⟶ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡢ⥲ᣓఏ⇕ಀᩘ࡟୚࠼ࡿ⵨Ẽ ᗘࡢᙳ 㡪ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗ୰࡟ࡣẚ㍑ࡢࡓࡵ࡟㸪ᘧ㹼㸪ᘧ㹼࠾ࡼࡧ ᘧ࠿ࡽ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ᥎⟬ࡉࢀࡿఏ⇕⟶ෆቨѸ྾཰ᾮ㛫ᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡㸪⟶እഃ⇕ఏ㐩⋡࠾ࡼ

ࡧ⇕㏻㐣⋡ࢆᅗ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬᥎⟬ࡉࢀࡓ⟶ෆഃ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡣ⟶እഃ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ᴟࡵ࡚పࡃ㸪⇕㏻

㐣⋡࡟㏆࠸್࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⇕㏻㐣⋡ࡢヨ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜᥎⟬⤖ᯝࡣ࡯ࡰ୍⮴ࡋ⵨Ⓨჾ㸰ࡢఏ

⇕ᛶ⬟ࢆᴫ⟬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪タィᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚᥇⏝ࡋ࠺ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

ᮏ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ

✵Ẽ෌⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪࣋ࣥࢳࢫࢣ࣮ࣝヨ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ〇సࡋ㸪✵Ẽຍ⇕࠾

ࡼࡧపᅽ⵨Ẽྠ᫬⏕ᡂ᫬ࡢ≉ᛶホ౯ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓ୺࡞▱ぢࡣ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶

ࡿ㸬

྾཰ჾ࡛✵Ẽࢆຍ⇕ᚋ㸪྾཰ჾ࠿ࡽ෌⏕ჾ࡬⛣㏦ࡍࡿ㧗 ࡢ྾཰ᾮࡢ⇕ᅇ཰࡟ࡼࡗ࡚

పᅽ⵨ẼࢆⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚ࡶ✵Ẽࡢຍ ᛶ⬟ࡢపୗࡀぢࡽࢀࡎ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⇕ᅇ཰ࡢࡓࡵࡢ

ࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻ᪉ᘧࢆ᥇⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪&23ࡢྥୖࡀᅗࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬 ෌⏕ჾࡢ⇕཰ᨭィ⟬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪኱㒊ศࡀ྾཰ᾮࡢ⮬ᕫ⇕࡛෌⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ

ࡓ㸬

పᅽ⵨ẼⓎ⏕ࡢࡓࡵࡢ⵨Ⓨჾ㸰ࡢఏ⇕ィ⟬ᡭἲࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㸬

Fig.3-1 Cycle flow of experimental apparatus

Fig.3-2 Structure of upper of equipment

Table 3-1 Equations for heat transfer rate, mass balance and effective temperature difference

Heat transfer rate

Evaporator 1 Q_E1 C_PwM_WE1(T_WE11 T_WE12) Q_E1 M_gE1(H_gE1 H_gC)

Absorber Q_A C_PAM_AA(T_AA2 T_AA1) Q_A M_gE1(H_gE1 H_SA2)-M_SA1(H_SA1 H_SA2) Regenerator Q_R C_PWM_WR(T_WR1 T_WR2) QR MgR⁽HgR HSR1⁾ MSR2⁽HSR2 HSR1⁾

Condenser Q_C C_PWM_WC(T_WC2 T_WC12) Q_C M_gR(H_gR H_gC) Evaporator 2 Q_E2 M_gE2(H_gE2 H_WE2) Q_E2 M_SE21H_SE21 M_SR1H_SR1)

Heat pump

) (

)

(Q_A Q_E2 / Q_E1 Q_R COP

w ) (Q_A Q_E2 / ER

E

w: Input power for pump

Mass balance

Flow rate M_gE1 M_SA2 M_SA1

M

_gR

M

_{gE1 MSR2 MSA1 MSR1 MSA2 MSE21}

Concentration _{SA2 SG1 SE21 SA1 SG2} M_{SG2 SG2} M_{SG1 SG1}

Effective temperature difference Evaporator 1 TE1 (TWE11 TWE12)/ln TWE11 T gE1 / TWE12 T gE1

Absorber T_A={(T_SA1䠉T_AA2)䠉(T_SA2䠉T_AA1)} /ln{(T_SA1䠉T_AA2))/(T_SA2䠉T_AA1)}

Regenerator T_R={(T_WR1䠉T_SR2)䠉(T_WR2䠉T_SR1)} /ln{(T_WR1䠉T_SR2))/(T_WR2䠉T_SR1)}

Condenser TC (TWC2 TWC1)/ln T gC TWC1 / T gC T_WC2 Evaporator 2 TE2 (TSE21 TSR1)/ln TSE21 TgE2 / TSR1 TgE2

Table 3-2 Dimensions and shape of tubes in equipment

Element Evaporator 1 Absorber Regenerator Condenser Evaporator 2 Material copper copper copper copper copper The number of the

tubes 74 46 42 91 4

Length [mm] 4848 4940 4352 5500 3200 Inner diameter [mm] 23 23 23 16.6 16.6

Effective heat transfer

area [m²]

25.9 16.4 13.2 26.8 0.67

Fig.3-3Experimental apparatus for low-pressure steam generation

Fig.3-4 Changes of temperature in AHP system with time

Inlet hot water temp.: 80°C Hot water mass flow rate: 9.9 kg/s Inlet cooling water temp.: 15°C Cooling water mass flow rate: 7.2 kg/s

40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

0.0 1.0 2.0

Time [h]

Temperature [°C]

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Mass flow rate of air [kg/s]

Inlet temp. of air Mass flow rate of air

Generated steam temp.

Outlet temp. of absorbent in Evaporator 2

Outlet temp. of air Inlet temp. of absorbent

in Evaporator 2

Generated steam: 0.0047 kg/s Generated steam: 0.0025 kg/s

Valve adjustment 40

50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

0.0 1.0 2.0

Time [h]

Temperature [°C]

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Mass flow rate of air [kg/s]

Inlet temp. of air Mass flow rate of air

Generated steam temp.

Outlet temp. of absorbent in Evaporator 2

Outlet temp. of air Inlet temp. of absorbent

in Evaporator 2

Generated steam: 0.0047 kg/s Generated steam: 0.0025 kg/s

Valve adjustment

Fig.3-5 Düehring plot for cycle solution

Fig.3-6 Effect of low-pressure steam temperature for heat balance in absorber

Mass flow rate of air: about 0.25 kg/s Temp.of air㸸80 °C -124°C

Fig.3-7Effect of low-pressure steam temperature for heat balance in regenerator

Mass flow rate of air: about 0.25 kg/s Temp.of air㸸80 °C -124°C

㻜 㻝㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻞㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻟㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻠㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻡㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜

ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ

⇕㔞>N-K@ ✵Ẽ䛾ຍ ⇕㔞

྾཰ᾮ䛾⇕㔞䠄ฟཱྀ䠅

⵨Ẽ䛾⇕㔞

྾཰ᾮ䛾⇕㔞㻔ධཱྀ䠅

㼠 㼠

EΥ పᅽ⵨Ẽ

Ⓨ⏕

FΥ పᅽ⵨Ẽ

Ⓨ⏕

Dపᅽ⵨Ẽ

Ⓨ⏕࡞ࡋ

㻜 㻝㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻞㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻟㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻠㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜 㻡㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜

ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ ධཱྀ ฟཱྀ

⇕㔞>N-K@ Ⓨ⏕䛧䛯⵨Ẽ䛾⇕㔞

྾཰ᾮ䛾⇕㔞䠄ฟཱྀ䠅 ᢞධ䛧䛯 Ỉ䛾⇕㔞

྾཰ᾮ䛾⇕㔞䠄ධཱྀ䠅

㼠 㼠

EΥ పᅽ⵨Ẽ

Ⓨ⏕

FΥ పᅽ⵨Ẽ

Ⓨ⏕

Dపᅽ⵨Ẽ

Ⓨ⏕࡞ࡋ

Fig. 3-8 Effect of generated steam temperature on EER and COP (air flow rate: 0.25 kg/s)

Fig. 3-9 Effect of generated steam temperature on overall heat transfer coefficient in evaporator 2

グ グྕ

ᮏ❶࡟౑⏝ࡍࡿグྕࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࠋ

A = heat transfer surface area [m²]

COP = coefficient of performance [-]

Cp = specific heat [J/(kg·K)]

Do = outside diameter of tube [m]

EER = energy efficiency ratio [-]

Gc = mass flux of air [kg/(m²㺃s]

g = gravity [m/s²]

H = specific enthalpy [J/kg]

h = heat transfer coefficient [W/m²·K]

k = thermal conductivity [W/m·K]

= mass flow rate of falling liquid per perimeter [kg/m㺃s]

= mass flow rate [kg/s]

= heat transfer rate [W]

Re = Reynolds number [-]

T = temperature [K]

UA = overall heat transfer coefficient [W/m²·K]

w = input power for pumps [W]

T = temperature difference [K]

T = temperature difference [K]

Special characters

= correction factor for the heat transfer coefficient [-]

= concentration of LiBr in solution [wt%]

a = viscosity in bulk temperature [Pa·s]

w = viscosity in tube wall temperature [Pa·s]

M Q

Subscripts

1 = inlet of fluid 2 = outlet of fluid

A = absorber

a = air

C = condenser

E1 = evaporator 1 E2 = evaporator 2 g = gas phase (steam) p = input pump power base R = regenerator

S = absorption solution

W = water

➨

➨㸲❶ ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ $+3 ࡢ⇕࣭≀㉁⛣ື≉ᛶ

⇕஺᥮ࡣఏ⇕⟶ቨࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚྾཰ᾮ࡜⟶እ✵Ẽ࡜ࡢ㛫࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ྾཰ᘧࣄ

࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ྾཰ᾮ࡜✵Ẽࡢ ᗘศᕸࡣᚑ᮶ࡢྥὶᆺ⇕஺᥮ჾ࡜ࡣ㐪ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ㸬྾

཰ᾮࡀ⵨Ẽࢆ྾཰ࡋ᪼ ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽὶୗࡍࡿࡓࡵ྾཰ᾮࡢ᭱㧗 ᗘࡣఏ⇕⟶ࡢධཱྀ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪 ධཱྀࡼࡾὶୗࡋࡓሙᡤ࡛☜ㄆࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣධཱྀ࡜ฟཱྀࡢ ᗘࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓᚑ᮶ࡢᑐᩘᖹᆒ  ᗘᕪ࡛ࡣ ᗘᕪࢆᐃ⩏࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿ㸬

௒ᚋࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ࢔ࢵࣉ➼ࡢ⿦⨨タィୖ㸪ఏ⇕⟶ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡢఏ⇕≉ᛶࡸఏ⇕⟶ෆࡢ⇕࣭≀㉁

⛣ື≉ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪྾཰ჾෆࡣఏ⇕⟶ࡀከ⟶࡛㓄⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ༢

⟶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡢ≉ᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸㸬ࡲࡓ྾཰ჾෆࡢࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⇕࣭≀㉁⛣ືࡢ࣓

࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡸᾮ⭷࡜✵Ẽࡢ㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢ ᗘᕪࢆ᫂☜࡟ᐃ⩏ࡍ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ༑ศ࡟ゎ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪࣋ࣥࢳࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ

ࡢᛶ⬟ᢕᥱࢆᨵၿࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᇶ♏◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ఏ⇕⟶࡛࠶ࡿ㖡〇ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ༢⟶ࡢఏ⇕ヨ 㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ఏ⇕⟶ࡢ⇕࣭≀㉁⛣ື≉ᛶࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡓᖹ⁥⟶࡛ࡢఏ⇕ᐇ㦂ࡶ⾜

࠸ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺㸬

ᐇ㦂⿦⨨࠾ࡼࡧᐇ㦂᪉ἲ

ᐇ㦂⿦⨨

ᅗ4-1(a)࡜ᅗᅗ4-1(b) ࡟ᐇ㦂⿦⨨඲య෗┿࡜ᴫ␎ᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ఏ⇕⟶ࡣෆᚄ23mm㸪እᚄ

25mm㸪㛗ࡉ1.6mࡢ㖡〇ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡜ᖹ⁥⟶࡛㸪ᆶ┤࡟タ⨨ࡋ࡚࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗᅗ4-2ࡣఏ⇕⟶,

྾཰ᾮ ᗘࡢ ᐃ఩⨨ࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ,ᅗ୰ࡢձࠥմࡣ㡰࡟ධཱྀ྾཰ᾮ ᗘฟཱྀ྾཰ᾮ ᗘ ఏ⇕⟶ධཱྀ⾲㠃 ᗘఏ⇕⟶ฟཱྀ⾲㠃 ᗘࡢ ᐃ఩⨨ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗᅗ4-3࡟ᐇ㦂࡛⏝࠸ࡓ྾཰ჾ ࡢୖ㒊ᵓ㐀ࡢᴫ␎ᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬LiBrỈ⁐ᾮࡣୖ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮࠿ࡽ౪⤥ࡋ࡚ఏ⇕⟶ෆ㠃࡟ἢࡗ

࡚ᾮ⭷≧࡟ὶୗࡉࡏࡿ㸬ఏ⇕⟶ୖ㒊ࡣᅗᅗ4-4࡟♧ࡍ⵨Ⓨჾ࡜ࡶ᥋⥆ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᡤᐃ ᗘ

࡟ຍ ࡋࡓỈ⵨Ẽࡣୖ㒊࠿ࡽὶධࡋ࡚ఏ⇕⟶ෆ㠃ࡢᾮ⭷࡬྾཰ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ྾཰ᾮࡣᅗᅗ 4-5࡟♧ࡍୗ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮࡟⁀ࡲࡾ㸪ᐇ㦂⤊஢ᚋࡣࢧࣥࣉཱྀࣝࡼࡾࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋ⃰ᗘ

ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ㸬

ᐇ㦂᮲௳

ὶ㔞㸸0.1㹼0.7 kg/min

྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘ㸸56㹼58%

⵨Ẽ ᗘ㸸20 Υ㸪60 Υ

ఏ⇕⟶㸸㖡〇ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶㸪ᖹ⁥⟶

ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ

┿✵࣏ࣥࣉ࡛⿦⨨ෆࢆ㣬࿴⵨Ẽᅽ௨ୗࡲ࡛ῶᅽࡍࡿ

⵨Ⓨჾ࡜ୖ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮ୗ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮ࡢ㛫ࡢࣂࣝࣈࢆ㛢ࡌࡿ

⵨Ⓨჾ࡛⵨Ẽࢆసࡿ

⵨Ⓨჾ࡜ୖ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮ࡢ㛫ࡢࣂࣝࣈࢆ㛤ࡅ྾཰ჾ࡟⵨Ẽࢆὶࡍ

⵨Ẽࢆὶࡍ࡜ྠ᫬࡟⁐ᾮࢱࣥࢡ࠿ࡽ࣏ࣥࣉ࡛྾཰ᾮࢆ㏦ࡿ

ఏ⇕⟶ෆࢆᾮ⭷ࡀ⵨Ẽࢆ྾཰ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽὶୗࡍࡿ

ᐇ㦂⤊஢ᚋୗ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮࡟⁀ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ྾཰ᾮࡢ⃰ᗘࢆ ᐃ

ͤ྾཰ᾮࡣᐇ㦂๓࡟ࡶ ᐃ

ྛ㒊 ᗘࢹ࣮ࢱࡼࡾ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࢆヨ⟬

ࡲࡓࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ᪉ἲࡣᅗ4-5ࡢ␒ྕ,グྕࢆᇶ࡟ୗグ࡟♧ࡍ㸬 ձࡢࣂࣝࣈࢆ㛤ࡅ┿✵࣏ࣥࣉ࡛ῶᅽࡍࡿ

ձࡢࣂࣝࣈࢆ㛢ࡵղࡢࣂࣝࣈࢆ㛤ࡅࡿ

㸿࡟⁐ᾮࡀධࡿ

ղࡢࣂࣝࣈࢆ㛢ࡵࡿ

ձࡢࣂࣝࣈࢆ㛤ࡅ⁐ᾮࢆ᥇ྲྀࡍࡿ

 ᗘ ᐃ఩⨨

᮲௳࡟ࡼࡿ ᗘศᕸࡢ㐪࠸

ྛ✀್ࢆ⟬ฟࡍࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡾ୍❶࡟♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᑐᩘᖹᆒ ᗘᕪࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗᅗ 4-6(a)

࡟⵨Ẽ ᗘ60 Υ࡟࠾ࡅࡿఏ⇕⟶ୖ㒊 ᗘศᕸࡢᴫ␎ᅗࢆ㸪ࡲࡓᅗᅗ4-6(b) ࡟⵨Ẽ ᗘ20 Υ

࡟࠾ࡅࡿఏ⇕⟶ୖ㒊 ᗘศᕸࡢᴫ␎ᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ୰ࡢձࡣୖ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮ෆࡢ྾཰ᾮ ᗘ, ղࡣఏ⇕⟶ὶධ┤ᚋࡢ ᗘ,ճࡣఏ⇕⟶ୖ㒊⾲㠃 ᗘࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣධཱྀฟཱྀࡢᾮ⭷ 

ᗘఏ⇕⟶⾲㠃 ᗘࢆᇶ࡟⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࢆヨ⟬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ࡜ࡁఏ⇕⟶⾲㠃 ᗘࡣᅗ4-6(a)㸪

ᅗ4.6(b)ࡢճ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞ఏ⇕⟶⾲㠃࡟タ⨨ࡋࡓ⇕㟁ᑐ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋఏ

⇕⟶ࡢᾮ⭷ὶධཱྀ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᾮ⭷ ᗘࡘࡲࡾᅗࡢձ࡟♧ࡍୖ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮ෆࡢ྾཰ᾮ ᗘ

ࢆධཱྀᾮ⭷ ᗘ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ධཱྀᾮ⭷ ᗘࡼࡾࡶධཱྀ⾲㠃 ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ ᗘ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵᾮ

⭷࡜⟶እ✵Ẽ࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢᑐᩘᖹᆒ ᗘᕪࡼࡾࡶ⟶⾲㠃࡜⟶እ✵Ẽ࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢᑐᩘᖹᆒ ᗘᕪࡀ

኱ࡁࡃヨ⟬ࡉࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸㸪ᾮ⭷ᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࡀ㈇್࡜࡞ࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᐇ㝿࡟ᐇ 㦂୰ࡢఏ⇕⟶⾲㠃ࢆࢧ࣮ࣔࢢࣛࣇ࢕࡛᧜ᙳࡋ ᗘศᕸࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡓ㸬

 ᗘ ᐃ఩⨨

ᅗ4-7(a)^㸪ᅗ4-7(b)㸪^ᅗ4-7(c) ࡟ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⵨Ẽ ᗘ60 Υ࡛ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㝿

ࡢఏ⇕⟶ ᗘศᕸᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓᅗ4-8(a)㸪ᅗ4-8(b)㸪ᅗ34-8(c) ࡟ᖹ⁥⟶ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⵨Ẽ ᗘ 60Υ࡛ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㝿ࡢఏ⇕⟶ࡢ ᗘศᕸࢆ♧ࡍ㸬⵨Ẽࢆ྾཰ࡋ,᪼ ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽὶୗࡋ࡚࠸

ࡃࡓࡵ,᭱㧗 ᗘࡣఏ⇕⟶ὶධ㒊ࡼࡾᑡࡋὶୗࡋࡓሙᡤ(ᾮ⭷ὶධཱྀࡼࡾ15cmୗ᪉)࡟࡚ほ  ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ⵨Ẽ ᗘ60 Υࡢᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᅗ4-6(a) ࠾ࡼࡧᅗ 4-6(b) ࡢմ࡟♧ࡍࡼ

࠺࡟ఏ⇕⟶ෆ㒊࡟ࡶ⇕㟁ᑐࢆタ⨨ࡋ㸪ࡇࡢ᭱㧗 ᗘࢆධཱྀᾮ⭷ ᗘ࡜ࡋ࡚ᑐᩘᖹᆒ ᗘᕪ

ࢆᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ4-6(b) ࡟ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶㸪ᖹ⁥⟶ࡑࢀࡒࢀࢆ⏝࠸࡚⵨Ẽ ᗘ20Υ࡛ᐇ㦂ࢆࡋ ࡓ㝿ࡢఏ⇕⟶ ᗘศᕸᴫ␎ᅗࢆ㸪ᅗᅗ4-9(a)^㸪ᅗ4-9(b)^㸪ᅗ4-9(c) ࠾ࡼࡧᅗ4-10(a)^㸪ᅗ4-10(b)^㸪

ᅗ4-10(c)^㸪࡟ఏ⇕⟶ࡢ ᗘศᕸࢆ♧ࡍ㸬⵨Ẽ ᗘࡀ20Υࡢሙྜ,⵨Ẽ ᗘࡀ60 Υࡢሙྜ࡟

ẚ࡭྾཰཯ᛂ㏿ᗘࡀ⦆ࡸ࠿࡟࡞ࡿࡓࡵ㸪⵨Ẽ ᗘ60 Υࡢࡼ࠺࡟ఏ⇕⟶ධཱྀഃ࡛྾཰ࡢ኱㒊 ศࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ὶୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㝿࡟ࡶ྾཰཯ᛂࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓ

ࡵධཱྀഃࡀ᭱ࡶప ࡜࡞ࡾฟཱྀഃࡀ᭱ࡶ㧗 ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓᅗ 4-10(d) ࡟ఏ⇕⟶ୖ㒊 㸦ᾮ⭷ὶධཱྀࡼࡾ5~15 cm㸧ࢆ᥋෗ࡋࡓ ᗘศᕸᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ୖ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮ෆࡢ྾཰ᾮࡼࡾ

 ᗘࡣ㧗࠸ࡀ,⵨Ẽ ᗘ60Υ࡛ධཱྀ ᗘ࡜ࡋ࡚᥇⏝ࡋࡓ఩⨨࡜ධཱྀ࡛ࡢ ᗘᕪࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ

࡝ぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ⵨Ẽ ᗘ࡟ࡼࡽࡎྠࡌ఩⨨࡛ ᗘࢆ ᐃࡋᾮ⭷࡜⟶ቨ࡜ࡢᑐᩘᖹ ᆒ ᗘᕪࢆᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㸬

௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪ධཱྀฟཱྀࡢ ᗘᕪࡣఏ⇕⟶ධཱྀฟཱྀ࡛ࡢ ᗘ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ྾཰ᾮࡢ᭱㧗,᭱ప ᗘ

ࢆ࡜ࡾᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓఏ⇕⟶ࡢ⾲㠃✚ࡣධཱྀ⾲㠃 ᗘࢆ ᐃࡋࡓ఩⨨࠿ࡽฟཱྀ

⾲㠃 ᗘࢆ ᐃࡋࡓ఩⨨ࡲ࡛ࡢ㛗ࡉࢆᇶ‽࡟ィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬

⟬ฟ᪉ἲ

᫬㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⵨Ẽ྾཰㔞ࡢ㐪࠸

ᅗ4-11࡟ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⵨Ẽ ᗘ60 Υࡢᐇ㦂࡟࠾ࡅࡿྛ㒊 ᗘ/⿦⨨㛫ᕪᅽࡢ⤒

᫬ኚ໬౛ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓᅗᅗ4-12࡟ྛ ᐃ఩⨨ࡢᴫ␎ᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࢢࣛࣇ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ᐇ㦂㛤ጞ

┤ᚋࡣ ᗘࡀᏳᐃࡏࡎ,ᾮ⭷ࡢ⵨Ẽ྾཰㔞࡟ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵᐇ㦂๓ᚋࡢࢧࣥࣉ

ࣝ⃰ᗘࢆ⏝࠸࡚྾཰㔞ࢆ⟬ฟࡍࡿ࡜⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࡸ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘࡢ್ࡀᐇ㝿ࡢᐃᖖ≧ែ࡟࠾

ࡅࡿ್࡜኱ࡁࡃ㐪ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣᅗᅗ4-13ࡢࣇ࣮ࣟࢳ࣮ࣕࢺ࡟

♧ࡍィ⟬᪉ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚㠀ᐃᖖ≧ែ,ᐃᖖ≧ែ࡟࠾ࡅࡿྛ✀್ࢆ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ỵᐃࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 4-13࡟♧ࡍhaࡣ⟶እ⮬↛ᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓX2ࡣᐇ㦂⤊஢᫬࡟ୗ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮࡟⁀

ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⁐ᾮࡢ⃰ᗘࢆィ⟬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⟬ฟࡋࡓ್࡛࠶ࡾ㸪Xeࡣᐇ㝿࡟ᐇ㦂⤊஢᫬࡟ୗ㒊ࣜ

ࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮࡟⁀ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⁐ᾮࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋ ᐃࡋࡓ⃰ᗘࢆ♧ࡍ㸬

ᐇ ್௨እࡢྛ✀್⟬ฟ᪉ἲ

ࡲࡎᅗᅗ4-14࡟♧ࡍఏ⇕ࣔࢹࣝᴫ␎ᅗࢆཧ↷࡟ᚤᑠ᫬㛫tiЍti+dt࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࣂࣛࣥ

ࢫࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ㸬

⟶እࡢ⮬↛ᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡀ୍ᐃ࡜௬ᐃࡍࡿ࡜ᘧ(4-1)ࡼࡾఏ⇕⟶ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡢ⇕㔞 Qiࡀồࡵࡽ

ࢀࡿ㸬

) (

₁

a

Q

i

/ A Δ T

lni

h

(4-1)

ࡲࡓᑐᩘᖹᆒ ᗘᕪࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿ㸬

∆T_ln1i=ሾሺT_s1i-T_aiሻ-ሺT_s2i-T_aiሻሿΤlnሾሺT_s1i-T_aiሻ ሺTΤ _s2i-T_aiሻሿ (4-2)

ࡓࡔࡋAࡣఏ⇕⟶እഃࡢ⾲㠃✚࡛࠶ࡾ,Ts1,Ts2,Taiࡣᐇ ್࡛ࡑࢀࡒࢀධཱྀ⾲㠃 ᗘ㸪ฟཱྀ⾲

㠃 ᗘ㸪⟶እ኱Ẽ ᗘࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓQiࡣᘧ(4-3) ࠿ࡽࡶồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬

dQ_i=Q_idt= G_1iq_f1i-G_2iq_f2i dt+dm_iL_ei (4-3)

G_2i-G_1i=m_i (4-4)

G1i࡜_‡‹ࡣᐇ ್࡛࠶ࡾࡑࢀࡒࢀධཱྀഃࡢ྾཰ᾮ㔞࡜⁐ᾮࡀ྾཰ࡍࡿ⵨Ẽࡢ₯⇕ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚

࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓG2i࡜miࡣฟཱྀഃࡢ྾཰ᾮ㔞࡜⵨Ẽ྾཰㔞ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࡢ࡜ࡁධཱྀ࡜ฟཱྀࡢ྾཰

ᾮ࢚ࣥࢱࣝࣆ࣮qf1i࡜qf2iࡣ௨ୗࡢᘧ(4-5)㸪(4-6) ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟྾཰ᾮࡢ⃰ᗘ࡜ ᗘ࠿ࡽồࡵ

ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

q_f1i=f X₁,T_f1i (4-5)

q_f2i=f X_2i,T_f2i (4-6)

ࡓࡔࡋX1 ,Tf1,Tf2ࡣᐇ ್࡛ࡑࢀࡒࢀධཱྀ྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘ㸪ධཱྀ྾཰ᾮ ᗘ,ฟཱྀ྾཰ᾮ ᗘࢆ♧

ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓX2iࡣฟཱྀ྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘࢆ♧ࡋ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬

X_2i=ሺX₁G_1iΤG_1i+m_iሻ (4-7)

ࡇࡇ࡛ᘧ(4-1) ࡢQi ࡟ᘧ(4-3) ࡢQiࡀ୍⮴ࡍࡿࡼ࠺⵨Ẽ྾཰㔞miࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛X2iࡀ

⟬ฟࡉࢀࡿ㸬

ࡲࡓᘧ(4-8)࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟྾཰㔞ࢆᐇ㦂᫬㛫࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚✚ศࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓᘧ(4-9) ࠾ࡼࡧᘧ(4-10) ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ㦂⤊஢᫬࡟ୗ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮࡟⁀ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⁐ᾮࡢ⃰ᗘX2ࢆ⟬ฟࡍࡿ㸬

=σ_imidt

(4-8)

G_1idt+M= G_2idt

i i

X₂=ሺX₁G₁ΤG₂ሻ (4-10)

ࡑࡢᚋᘧ(4-11) ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ᐇ㝿࡟ᐇ㦂⤊஢᫬࡟ୗ㒊ࣜࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮࡟⁀ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⁐ᾮࡢࢧ

ࣥࣉࣝࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋ ᐃࡋࡓ⃰ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ Xe࡜ᘧ(4-10) ࡛ồࡵࡽࢀࡓ X2ࡀ୍⮴ࡍࡿࡲ࡛ᘧ(4-1)

࠿ࡽᘧ(4-10) ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋィ⟬ࡋhaࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᐇ ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸್ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬

X₂=X_‡ (4-11)

⇕ఏ㐩࣭≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘࡢ⟬ฟ

ᅗ4-15࡟♧ࡍఏ⇕ࣔࢹࣝᴫ␎ᅗࢆཧ↷࡟㸪 ᘧ (4-12) ࡟♧ࡍᚤᑠ᫬㛫tiЍ_ti+dt࡟࠾ࡅࡿ

⇕㏻㐣⋡ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ㸬

U_i= Q_iΤሺA∆T _2iሻ (4-12)

ࡲࡓᑐᩘᖹᆒ ᗘᕪࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿ㸬

∆T_ln2i= T_f1i-T_ai - T_f2i-T_ai Τln T_f1i-T_ai T_f2i-T_ai (4-13)

ᐃᖖ≧ែࡢ᫬㛫ࢆmЍn࡜⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࡑࡢ㛫ࡢᖹᆒࡢ⇕㏻㐣⋡ࡣᘧ(4-14)ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ồࡵࡽࢀ

ࡿ㸬

(4-9)

ᘧ(4-13) ࠾ࡼࡧᘧ(3-1) ࡼࡾồࡵࡽࢀࡓ⇕㏻㐣⋡U࠾ࡼࡧ⟶እ⮬↛ᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡haࢆ⏝࠸

࡚ᖹᆒࡢᾮ⭷⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࢆᘧ(4-15) ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ồࡵࡓ㸬

1Τh_f=ሾሺ1ΤUሻെሺ1Τh_aሻሿሺA' AΤ ሻ (4-15)

ࡓࡔࡋAࡣఏ⇕⟶እഃ⾲㠃✚, A’ࡣఏ⇕⟶ෆഃ⾲㠃✚࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡟࠾࠸࡚

ఏ⇕㠃✚ࡣᖹ⁥⟶┦ᙜ࡛㏆ఝࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ఏ⇕⟶ቨࡢ⇕᢬ᢠࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵ↓どࡋ࡚࠸

ࡿ㸬

ᅗ4-15࡟♧ࡍ⇕࣭≀㉁⛣ື࡟࠾ࡅࡿ྾཰ჾෆࣔࢹࣝᴫ␎ᅗࢆཧ↷࡟4.2.2㡯࡛ồࡵࡓ⵨Ẽ

྾཰㔞ࢆᇶ࡟≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘࢆồࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ㸬ࡲࡎᾮ⭷⏺㠃ࡢ⵨Ẽᅽࡣ྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘ࡜ ᗘ࡟ᑐ ࡍࡿ㣬࿴⵨Ẽᅽ࡟➼ࡋ࠸࡜௬ᐃࡋࡓሙྜ, ⵨Ẽ྾཰㔞ࡣᘧ (4-16) ࡢࡼ࠺࡟♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ

ࡿ㸬

m_i=β_giڄA'ڄΔP_lni (4-16)

ࡓࡔࡋβ_gi,ΔP_lniࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ࢞ࢫഃ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘ,ᑐᩘᖹᆒᅽຊᕪࢆ♧ࡍ㸬

ࡇࡇ࡛࢞ࢫഃ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘࡣỈ⵨Ẽࡢ㣬࿴ᅽຊ࡜ධཱྀ࡜ฟཱྀࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᾮ⭷⏺㠃⵨Ẽᅽຊ ᕪࡢᑐᩘᖹᆒࢆ᥎㐍ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ḟᘧࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ỵᐃࡋࡓ㸬

ΔΡ_lni = P_vi-P_f1i - P_vi-P_f2i / ln (P_vi-P_f1i)⁄(P_vi-P_f2i) (4-17)

ࡓࡔࡋP_vi, P_f1i, P_f2iࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀỈ⵨Ẽࡢ㣬࿴ᅽຊ,ධཱྀᾮ⭷⏺㠃⵨Ẽᅽ㸪ฟཱྀᾮ⭷⏺㠃⵨Ẽ

U= U

_i

dt Τ ሺm+n+1ሻ

n (4-14)

ᅽࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᐃᖖ≧ែࡢ᫬㛫ࢆmЍn࡜⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࡑࡢ㛫ࡢᖹᆒࡢ࢞ࢫഃ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘࡣᘧ (4-18)ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬

β_g= _gi Τሺm+n+1ሻ

n

i=m

ࡲࡓ,ὶୗᾮ⭷࡟࠾ࡅࡿẼᾮ⏺㠃ࡣჾෆᅽຊ࡜ᖹ⾮࡜⪃࠼ࡓሙྜ㸪⵨Ẽ྾཰㔞ࡣᘧ (4-19) ࡢࡼ࠺࡟♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬

m_i=β_ciڄ ڄA'ڄΔ _lni (4-19)

ࡓࡔࡋβ_i, ,Δ _lniࡣᾮഃ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘ,ᾮ⭷ࡢᐦᗘ㸪ᑐᩘᖹᆒ⃰ᗘᕪࢆ♧ࡍ㸬

ࡇࡇ࡛ᾮഃ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘࡣධཱྀ࡜ฟཱྀࡢẼᾮ⏺㠃ࡢᖹ⾮⃰ᗘ࡜ὶୗᾮ⭷ࡢᖹᆒ⃰ᗘ࡜ࡢᑐ

ᩘᖹᆒ⃰ᗘᕪࢆ᥎㐍ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ḟᘧࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ỵᐃࡋࡓ㸬

Δ _lni = _f1i- _i - _f2i- _i / ln (ξ_f1i- _i)/( _f2i- _i) (4-20)

ࡓࡔࡋ _f1i, _f2i, _iࡣᾮ⭷ࡢH2O㉁㔞⃰ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾ,ࡑࢀࡒࢀධཱྀᾮ⭷ᖹ⾮⃰ᗘ,ฟཱྀᾮ⭷ᖹ⾮

⃰ᗘ,ὶୗᾮ⭷ࡢᖹᆒ⃰ᗘࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᐃᖖ≧ែࡢ᫬㛫ࢆmЍn࡜⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࡑࡢ㛫ࡢᖹᆒࡢᾮഃ

≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘࡣᘧ(4-21)ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬

β_c= _ci Τሺm+n+1ሻ

n

i=m

(4-18)

(4-21)

ࡲࡓࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡣᘧ(4-22) ࡟♧ࡍ༢఩⃿ࢀࡪࡕᙜࡓࡾࡢ྾཰ᾮὶ㔞ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᘧ(4-23) ࡢ

ࡼ࠺࡟ồࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬

Γ=G Τ2πr (4-22)

Reൌ ͶΓΤ (4-23)

ࡓࡔࡋr࡜μࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀఏ⇕⟶ࡢෆഃ༙ᚄ࡜ᾮ⭷⢓ᗘࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ≀ᛶ್ࡣᩥ⊩⁽²³⁾ࢆཧ⪃

࡜ࡋࡓ㸬

⤖ᯝ⪃ᐹ

ᾮ⭷⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ࡜ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢ㛵ಀ

ᅗ4-16࡟⵨Ẽ ᗘ20Υ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⤖ᯝࢆ,^ᅗ4-17࡟⵨Ẽ ᗘ60Υ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬

࡝ࡕࡽࡢ⵨Ẽ ᗘ࡛ࡶᖹ⁥⟶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡀቑຍࡍࡿ࡜ᾮ⭷ᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡣῶᑡ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡀ㸪ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡛ࡣࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡃഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬ὶ㔞 ࡀቑຍࡍࡿ࡜ᾮ⭷ࡀཌࡃ࡞ࡾᾮ⭷ࡢ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࡣᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ᪤

 ࡢ◊✲^11,12)࡛ࡣᒙὶᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ὶ㔞ࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸ᾮ⭷ࡀཌࡃ࡞ࡾᑐὶ⇕ఏ㐩⋡ࡣῶᑡ

ࡋ㸪஘ὶᇦ࡛ࡣᾮ⭷ࡢ஘ࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽᒙὶᇦ

࡟࠾࠸࡚ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࡢ⤖ᯝࡀ஘ὶᇦࡢഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡢࡣࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡟ࡼࡿ஘ὶಁ㐍

ຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾮ⭷ࡀ஘ࡉࢀࡓ࠿ࡽࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘ࡜ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢ㛵ಀ

ᅗ4-18࡜ᅗ4-19࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀ⵨Ẽ ᗘ20Υ࠾ࡼࡧ60Υ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢞ࢫഃ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘ࡜ࣞ

࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ㸪ࡲࡓᅗᅗ4-20࡜ᅗ4-21࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀ⵨Ẽ ᗘ20Υ࠾ࡼࡧ60Υ࡟࠾ࡅ

ࡿᾮഃ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘ࡜ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡍ㸬

ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡟࠾࠸࡚࡝ࡕࡽࡢ⵨Ẽ ᗘ࡛ࡶࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢቑຍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟࢞ࢫഃ≀㉁⛣

ືಀᩘ㸪ᾮഃ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘ࡝ࡕࡽࡶቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾮ⭷ࡀ஘

ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵ྾཰ಁ㐍ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓᖹ⁥⟶࡛ࡣࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢቑຍ࡟ᑐࡋ

20Υ࡛ࡣቑຍഴྥࢆ 60Υ࡛ࡣῶᑡഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬⵨Ẽ ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ሙྜ㸪ὶධ┤ᚋ࠿ࡽᾮ⭷

ࡣᛴ⃭࡟⵨Ẽ྾཰ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵᾮ⭷⾲㠃ࡢ⁐ᾮ⃰ᗘࡣ኱ࡁࡃୗࡀࡾ㣬࿴ᅽຊࡀ኱ࡁࡃୖࡀࡿ㸬 ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᾮ⭷ࡀ஘ࡉࢀࢀࡤ⵨Ẽ྾཰ࡣࡑࡢᚋࡶ⥆ࡃࡀ,ᖹ⁥⟶ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᾮ⭷ࡀ

஘ࢀࡎὶୗࡍࡿ࡜⵨Ẽ࡜ᾮ⭷ࡢᅽຊᕪࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡾ྾཰཯ᛂࡀ㕌ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡑ ࡢ≧ែ࡛ὶ㔞ࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ༢఩ὶ㔞ᙜࡓࡾࡢ⵨Ẽ྾཰㔞ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡛≀㉁

⛣ືಀᩘࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

⁐ᾮ⃰ᗘኚ໬࡜ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢ㛵ಀ

ᅗ4-22࡜ᅗ 4-23࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀ⵨Ẽ ᗘ20Υ࠾ࡼࡧ 60Υ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘ࡜⁐ᾮ⃰ᗘ ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡍ㸬⵨Ẽ ᗘࡸఏ⇕⟶ࡢᙧ≧࡟ࡼࡽࡎࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸⁐ᾮࡢ⃰ᗘᕪ ࡣῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ㸬ὶ㔞ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝⃰ᗘᕪࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࡢࡣ༢఩ᾮ㔞ᙜࡓࡾࡢ྾཰㔞 ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿ࠿ࡽࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࡝ࡕࡽࡢ⵨Ẽ ᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡀప࠸

ሙྜࡣᖹ⁥⟶࡜ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡀ㧗࠸

ሙྜࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࡢ᪉ࡀᖹ⁥⟶ࡼࡾࡶ⃰ᗘᕪࡀ኱ࡁ࠸⤖ᯝ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣᖹ⁥⟶࡛ࡣᆶ

┤࡟ὶୗࡍࡿᾮ⭷ࡀࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࡢሙྜ⼺᪕≧࡟ὶࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡛㸪ᖹ⁥⟶࡟ẚ࡭⁐ᾮࡀ ఏ⇕⟶ෆ࡟␃ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬㛫ࡀ㛗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡛⵨Ẽࢆ྾཰ࡍࡿ᫬㛫ࡀ㛗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵࡔ࡜⪃

࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡛ࡣᾮ⭷ࡀ஘ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚྾཰ࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ୍

ᅉ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

↓ḟඖᩚ⌮

4.4.1 㡯࡛♧ࡋࡓᾮ⭷⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࢆᘧ(4-24) ࡟♧ࡍࢾࢭࣝࢺᩘ࡛↓ḟඖ໬ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ࡜ࡁ ௦⾲㛗ࡉLfࡣจ⦰ᩘࡢ௦⾲㛗ࡉࢆྲྀࡾ㸪ᘧ(4-25)ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ồࡵࡓ㸬

Nu=h_fL_fΤk (4-24)

L_f=ሺμ²Τρf2gሻ^{1 3Τ} (4-25)

ᅗ4-24࡟ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂ࡢࢾࢭࣝࢺᩘ࡜ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢ㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡍ㸬

⵨Ẽ ᗘࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢾࢭࣝࢺᩘࡢ㛵ಀ࡟࠾࠸࡚ഴࡁ࡟㐪࠸ࡀ࡛

࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ⁐ᾮࡢ⢓ᗘࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࣉࣛࣥࢺࣝᩘࡢ㛵ಀᛶࡶ⪃

࠼ࡓ㸬ࣉࣛࣥࢺࣝᩘࢆ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᐃ⩏ࡍࡿ㸬

Pr=μC_pΤk (4-26)

ࡇࡇ࡛ȣ_{, Cp, k}ࡣᾮ⭷ࡢ⢓ᗘ,ẚ⇕,⇕ఏᑟಀᩘ࡛,ᩥ⊩⁽²³⁾ࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋ࡚⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬ࢾࢭࣝࢺᩘ

࡜ࣉࣛࣥࢺࣝᩘࡢ㛵ಀࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜Nu҃Pr^0.27࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ4-24ࡢ⦪㍈࡟Pr^0.27ࢆ⪃៖

ࡋᶓ㍈࡟ᾮ⭷ࡢࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࢆྲྀࡗ࡚ᩚ⌮ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ4-25࡟ࢾࢭࣝࢺᩘ࡜ࣉࣛࣥࢺࣝᩘ,ࣞ࢖

ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡢ㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᾮ⭷ࡢ⢓ᗘࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢾࢭࣝࢺᩘ࡜ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘ࡟┦㛵ᛶࡀ ぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬

ࡲࡓᮏᐇ㦂ࡼࡾࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡟࠾࠸࡚⵨Ẽ྾཰ࢆక࠸࡞ࡀࡽὶୗࡍࡿ㝿ࡢᾮ⭷࡜ఏ⇕⟶

ቨ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⇕ఏ㐩࡟㛵ࡋ࡚௨ୗࡢᐇ㦂ᘧࢆᚓࡓ㸬

Nu=ͲǤͲͲͶͶRe^0.79Pr^0.27 (4-27)

ᮏ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ

ࡇࢀࡲ࡛LiBr/Ỉ⣔྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟ࡼࡾ80Υࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ ᗫ⇕࠿ࡽ120Υ௨ୖࡢ㧗 

✵Ẽࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡛ࡣ㸪✵Ẽࡣ྾཰ჾෆࡢఏ⇕⟶

ࡢ㛫ࢆὶࢀ࡞ࡀࡽ┤᥋ຍ⇕ࡉࢀ྾཰ᾮࡣఏ⇕⟶ෆഃࢆᾮ⭷≧࡟ὶࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ㝿ᾮ⭷ࡢ  ᗘࡣ⵨Ⓨჾ࠿ࡽ㏦ࡽࢀࡿ⵨Ẽࢆ྾཰ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ୖ᪼ࡋ㸪ᾮ⭷࡜✵Ẽࡢ⇕஺᥮ࡣఏ⇕⟶ࢆ

㏻ࡋ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ྾཰ჾෆࡢࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⇕࣭≀㉁⛣ືࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡸᾮ⭷࡜✵Ẽࡢ㛫

࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢ ᗘᕪࢆᐃ⩏ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ᪉ἲㄽࡣ᫂

☜࡟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣὶ㔞0.1㹼0.7kg/min,྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘ56㹼58%ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡟࠾࠸

࡚㸪⵨Ẽ ᗘ20Υ࡜60Υࡢ2᮲௳࡛㸪ఏ⇕⟶ࡣ㖡〇ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ༢⟶࡜ᖹ⁥⟶ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ఏ⇕

ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ఏ⇕⟶ࡢ⇕࣭≀㉁⛣ື≉ᛶࢆ◊✲࠾ࡼࡧẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬

㸯㸧ᾮ⭷⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ

࣭ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡟࠾࠸࡚ὶ㔞ࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸ᾮ⭷⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࡶቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸬

࣭ᖹ⁥⟶࡟࠾࠸࡚ὶ㔞ࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸ᾮ⭷⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࡣῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸬

࣭ᖹ⁥⟶࡟ẚ࡭ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀ㧗࠸ఏ⇕ᛶ⬟ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 㸰㸧≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘ

࣭ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡟࠾࠸࡚ὶ㔞ࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘࡶቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸬

࣭ᖹ⁥⟶࡟࠾࠸࡚⵨Ẽ ᗘࡀప࠸ሙྜࡣὶ㔞࡜ඹ࡟ቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡀ㸪⵨Ẽ ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ሙྜὶ 㔞ࡢቑຍ࡜ࡣ཯ᑐ࡟ῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸬

㸱㸧⁐ᾮ⃰ᗘኚ໬

࣭ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶㸪ᖹ⁥⟶࡝ࡕࡽࡶὶ㔞ࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸⁐ᾮ⃰ᗘኚ໬ࡣᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬

࣭ὶ㔞ࡀᑠࡉ࠸ሙྜࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶࡜ᖹ⁥⟶࡛⃰ᗘᕪࡢ㐪࠸ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀὶ㔞 ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ሙྜࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀᖹ⁥⟶ࡼࡾࡶ⃰ᗘᕪࡀ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬

㸲㸧↓ḟඖᩘᩚ⌮

࣭ᮏᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡼࡾࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ⟶ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࡢ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ,ὶ㔞,⢓ᗘࡢ㛵ಀ࡜ࡋ࡚௨ୗ࡟♧

ࡍࡼ࠺࡞↓ḟඖᐇ㦂ᘧࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬

Nu=ͲǤͲͲͶͶRe^0.79Pr^0.27

Fig.4-1(a) Experimental apparatus Fig.4-1(b) Schematic diagram of experimental apparatus

Fig.4-2Thermocouple installation position Fig.4-3 Structure of upper of equipment

Fig.4-4 Schematic diagram of structure of evaporator

Fig.4-5 Schematic diagram of lower reservoir

Fig.4-6(a) Schematic diagram of liquid film temperature distribution on inlet of heat transfer tube (vapor temp. 60°C)

Fig.4-6(b) Schematic diagram of liquid film temperature distribution on inlet of heat transfer tube (vapor temp. 20°C)

Fig.4-7(a) Temperature distribution map in whole spiral tube (vapor temp. 60°C)

Fig.4-7(b)㸦㸦left㸧Temperature distribution map on upper of spiral tube (vapor temp. 60°C) Fig.4-7(c)㸦right㸧Temperature distribution map of lower part of spiral tube (vapor temp. 60°C)

Fig.4-8(a) Temperature distribution map in whole smooth tube (vapor temp. 60°C)

Fig.4-8(b) (left㸧㸧Temperature distribution map on upper of smooth tube (vapor temp. 60°C) Fig.4-8(c)㸦right㸧 Temperature distribution map of lower part of smooth tube (vapor temp. 60°C)

Fig.4-9(a) Temperature distribution map in whole spiral tube (vapor temp. 20°C)

Fig.4-9(b) (left㸧㸧Temperature distribution map on upper of spiral tube (vapor temp. 20°C)㸧 Fig.4-9(c) (right㸧Temperature distribution map of lower part of spiral tube (vapor temp. 20°C)

Fig.4-10(a) Temperature distribution map in whole smooth tube (vapor temp. 20°C)

Fig.4-10(b) (left㸧㸧Temperature distribution map on upper of smooth tube (vapor temp. 20°C) Fig.4-10(c) (right㸧Temperature distribution map of lower part of smooth tube (vapor temp. 20°C)

Fig.4-10(d) Temperature distribution map on upperpart expansion of smooth tube (vapor temp. 20°C)

Fig.4-11 Changes of each part temperature and differential pressure with time (example)

Fig.4-12 Measurement point of temperature and differential pressure

Fig.4-13 Flow chart of the calculation algorithm

Fig.4-14 Schematic diagram of heat transfer model on steam absorption in absorber

Fig.4-15 Schematic diagram of heat and mass transfer model in absorber

Fig.4-16 Relationship of solution film convective heat transfer coefficient and Reynolds number (vapor temp. 20°C)

Fig.4-17 Relationship of solution film convective heat transfer coefficient and Reynolds number (vapor temp. 60°C)

100 1000 10000

10 100 1000

Convective heat transfer coefficient [W/m2࣭K]

Re [-]

spiral tube smooth tube

100 1000 10000

10 100 1000

Convective heat transfer coefficient[W/m2࣭K]

Re [-]

spiral tube smooth tube

Fig.4-18 Relationship of gas-side mass transfer coefficient and Reynolds number (vapor temp. 20°C)

Fig.4-19 Relationship of gas-side mass transfer coefficient and Reynolds number (vapor temp. 60°C)

1.0E-07 1.0E-06 1.0E-05

10 100 1000

Mass-transfer coefficient [kg/(s㺃m2㺃Pa)]

Re [-]

spiral tube smooth tube

1.0E-07 1.0E-06 1.0E-05

10 100 1000

Mass-transfer coefficient [kg/(s㺃m2㺃Pa)]

Re [-]

spiral tube

Fig.4-20 Relationship of solution-side mass transfer coefficient and Reynolds number (vapor temp. 20°C)

Fig.4-21 Relationship of solution-side mass transfer coefficient and Reynolds number (vapor temp. 60°C)

1.0E-08 1.0E-07 1.0E-06

10 100 1000

Mass-transfer coefficient [m/s]

Re [-]

spiral tube

1.0E-08 1.0E-07 1.0E-06 1.0E-05

10 100 1000

Mass-transfer coefficient [m/s]

Re [-]

spiral tube smooth tube

Fig.4-22 Relationship of concentration difference and Reynolds number (vapor temp. 20°C)

Fig.4-23 Relationship of concentration difference and Reynolds number (vapor temp. 60°C㸧 0.1

1 10

10 100 1000

Concentration difference [%]

Re [-]

spiral tube smooth tube

1 10 100

10 100 1000

Concentration difference [%]

Re [-]

spiral tube smooth tube

Fig.4-24 Relationship of Nusselt number and Reynolds number (Spiral tube)

Fig.4-25 Relationship of Nusselt number, Prandtl number and Reynolds number (Spiral tube) 0.01

0.1 1

10 100 1000

Nu [-]

Re [-]

vapor temperature 60Υ vapor temperature 20Υ

0.01 0.1 1

10 100 1000

Nu ࣭ Pr

-0.27

[-]

Re[-]

グ グྕ

A = equivalent heat transfer area of the tube outside wall to a smooth tube [m²] A’ = equivalent heat transfer area of the tube inside wall to a smooth tube [m²]

g = gravitational acceleration [m/s²]

G = mass flow rate [kg/s]

= mass flow rate of falling liquid per perimeter [kg/m㺃s]

m=Vapor absorption amount [kg]

ha = convection heat transfer coefficient on the outside of tube [W/m²㺃K]

hf = solution film convective heat transfer coefficient [W/m²㺃K]

U = overall heat transfer coefficient [W/m²㺃K]

k = thermal conductivity of solution [W/m㺃K]

βg= gas-side mass transfer coefficient [kg/s㺃m²㺃Pa]

βc= solution-side mass transfer coefficient [m/s]

l = length of the heat transfer tube [m]

Lf= characteristic length [m]

Q= enthalpy through the heat exchanger tubes [J]

qf = enthalpy of solution [J/kg]

r = inner radius of the heat transfer tube [m]

Tf = solution temperature [K]

Ts = wall temperature [K]

Ta = atmospheric temperature [K]

P= pressure [Pa]

= viscosity of solution [Pa㺃s]

f= solutiuon density [kg/m³]

X= solution concentration [LiBr wt %]

Xe=measured solution concentration at the end of the experiment [LiBr wt %]

f=solution concentration [H2O wt %]

=average solution concentration [H2O wt %]

Cp=specific heat of LiBr solution [J/kg࣭K]

↓↓ḟඖᩘ

Nu = Nusselt number [-]

Re = Reynolds number [-]

Pr = Prandtl number [-]

ῧᏐ 1=upper part 2=lower part i=minute time

➨

➨㸳❶ 㐣㣬࿴ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ࡟ࡼࡿ AHP ࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖຠᯝ

኱ᖜ࡞Ⅳ㓟࢞ࢫ᤼ฟ๐ῶࢆᅗࡿୖ࡛㸪ᖜᗈ࠸ศ㔝࡛ᮍ฼⏝࡛࠶ࡗࡓప࢚ࣞ࣋ࣝࢿࣝࢠ࣮

ᅇ཰ࡀ୙ྍḞ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡣ㸪⇕㥑ືᆺࡢ෭෾ᶵ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡍ࡛࡟ከࡃࡢ ᐇ⏝໬ࡀᅗࡽࢀ㸪ၟ⏝ჾ࡜ࡋ࡚ᕷ㈍࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࢆ࡛ࡁࡿ

ࡔࡅప ᗫ⇕࡛ࡶຠ⋡ࡼࡃ㥑ືࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪ࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ㧗ᛶ⬟ᢏ⾡ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪▷ᮇⓗ

࡟┬࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ຠᯝࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡶ㔜せㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮ࡜సືὶయࡢ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢ⤌ྜࢃࡏࡀᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪࢔

ࣥࣔࢽ࢔࣭Ỉ⣔ࡲࡓࡣ⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࣭࢘Ỉ⣔ࡀ୍⯡࡟ࡼࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ^(9)(10)㸬࢔ࣥࣔࢽ࢔࣭

Ỉ⣔྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡣ㸪ẚ㍑ⓗప ᗫ⇕ࡢ฼⏝࡟ྥ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ㧗ᛶ⬟໬ࡣỈ࡜࢔

ࣥࣔࢽ࢔ࢆศ㞳ࡍࡿ෌⏕ჾ㒊ศࡢ⵨␃ᛶ⬟࡟኱ࡁࡃ౫Ꮡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪⌧᫬Ⅼ࡛ᐇ⏝໬ࡉ

ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᚋ⪅ࡢ⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࣭࢘Ỉ⣔྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡢ⇕※࡟ࡣ㸪100 °C ࣞ࣋ࣝ௨ୗࡢ ప ᗫ⇕ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࢱ࢖ࣉࡣࡲࡔᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡣ⇞ᩱࡢ⇞↝࡟ࡼࡿ㧗 ࢞ࢫࡀ෌⏕ჾ

⇕※࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢప ᗫ⇕฼⏝ᆺ⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࣭࢘Ỉ⣔྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮

ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡢ฼⏝ᣑ኱ࢆᅗࡿୖ࡛㸪෌⏕ჾࡢ⇕஺᥮ᛶ⬟࡜྾཰ᾮࡢ྾‵ᛶ࢔ࢵࣉࡀせồࡉࢀ

ࡿ㸬

྾཰ᾮᛶ⬟࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰࡟క࠸྾཰ᾮࡀᕼ㔘ࡉࢀᖹ⾮⵨Ẽᅽࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪྾‵

ᛶࡀపୗࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㸪྾཰ჾᛶ⬟పῶࡢせᅉ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࣭࢘Ỉ⣔྾཰ᾮ

࡟➨ 3 ᡂศࢆῧຍ๣࡜ࡋ࡚ΰྜࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪྾‵ᛶቑ኱ࡸ⵨Ẽ྾཰࡟క࠺ᕼ㔘⇕ప ῶࢆᅗࡿ◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) 㸬

ࡇࢀࡽ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ Itaya et al. (2010) ࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮ࡟྾╔๣ᚤ⢏Ꮚࢆศᩓࡋࡓࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ྾཰

ᾮ࡟฼⏝ࡍࡿ᪉ᘧࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࡓ⁽¹⁶⁾㸬྾཰ᾮ࡟྾╔๣ࢆศᩓࡋࡓሙྜ㸪⁐㉁࡛࠶ࡿLiBrࡀ྾╔

๣࡟྾⬺╔ࡍࡿຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪⵨Ẽ྾཰࡟క࠺⁐ᾮ⃰ᗘపῶ࡟క࠺྾‵ᛶ⬟పୗࢆᢚไ࡛ࡁ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆሗ࿌ࡋࡓ㸬ⴭ⪅ࡽࡣ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪉ᘧࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡛㸪྾཰ᾮࡀ㐣㣬࿴࡟㐩ࡍࡿ

࡜྾╔๣ࡀ⤖ᬗ᰾ࡢࡼ࠺࡞స⏝࡛㸪ᚤ⣽࡞LiBr⤖ᬗࡀᯒฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆぢฟࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ㐣㣬

࿴ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ࡜㸪྾཰㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡇࡢ⤖ᬗࡢ⁐ゎ࡛྾╔๣ࡢ྾⬺╔ຠ

ᯝ௨ୖࡢᕼ㔘పῶຠᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

㐣㣬࿴⁐ᾮ࡟ࡣ㸪⤖ᬗ᰾ࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ⤖ᬗ⏕ᡂࡋ࡞࠸‽Ᏻᐃ㡿ᇦࡢᏑᅾࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇ

ࢀࡣ⁐ゎᗘ᭤⥺௨ୖ࠿ࡘ㐣⁐ゎᗘ᭤⥺௨ୗࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㸪ప㐣㣬࿴⁐ᾮࡢ⤖ᬗ⏕

ᡂ᪉ἲࡀ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬౛࠼ࡤ㸪㏻ᖖ࡛ࡣ᰾Ⓨ⏕ࡋ࡞࠸ప㐣㣬࿴⁐ᾮ࡟㸪✀⤖ᬗ

ࢆῧຍࡋ࡚⤖ᬗᡂ㛗ࡉࡏࡿ᪉ἲ^㸦17㸧㸪㉸㡢Ἴࡸ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ↷ᑕࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⤖ᬗ᰾ࢆㄏⓎ

ࡍࡿ◊✲(18)(19)(20)࡞࡝ࡀぢཷࡅࡽࢀ㸪㐺ษ࡞᮲௳࡛᧯సࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ప㐣㣬࿴⁐ᾮ࠿ࡽࡶ⤖

ᬗ᰾ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

୍᪉㸪྾཰ᾮ୰࡟྾╔๣ࢆศᩓࡋࡓሙྜ࡟ࡣ㸪⣽Ꮝෆ࡟⮯໬ࣜࢳ࣒࢘ࡀᚤ⣽࡞⤖ᬗ≧ែ࡛

྾╔ࡉࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪ࡇࢀࡀ⤖ᬗ᰾࡜࡞ࡾᾮ┦ࡀ‽Ᏻᐃ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡶ྾╔๣࿘ࡾ࡟⤖ᬗᡂ㛗 ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᐇ㝿࡟྾╔๣ࢆῧຍࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟ࡣ㸪㧗㐣㣬࿴≧ែ࡟㐩ࡋ࡚ึࡵ࡚

ᛴ㏿࡟⤖ᬗᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪኱ࡁ࡞⤖ᬗࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㸬྾╔๣⢏Ꮚ᭷↓࡟ࡼࡿLiBr㐣㣬࿴⤖ᬗ

ࢆᅗᅗ5-1࡟♧ࡍ㸬

ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪 LiBr-H2O⣔྾཰ᾮ࡟྾╔๣ᚤ⢏Ꮚࢆศᩓࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⏕ᡂࡍࡿᚤ⣽࡞㐣 㣬࿴⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ≉ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ࡲࡎᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࡢ⢏ᗘศᕸ࠾ࡼࡧ⤖ᬗࢫࣛ

࣮ࣜࡢ⢓ᗘ➼ࡢ≀ᛶィ ࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟ᛂ⏝ࡍ

ࡿ࠺࠼࡛㸪㔜せ࡞せᅉ࡜࡞ࡿఏ⇕ᛶ⬟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᾮ⭷ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪LiBr ⤖ᬗࡢ

⁐ゎຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡿ྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘኚ໬ࡢᢚไ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰ᛶ⬟పୗᢚไຠᯝࢆ㸪⇕࣭≀㉁⛣

ືࣔࢹࣝゎᯒ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁᇶ♏ⓗほⅬ࠿ࡽᐃ㔞ⓗホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺㸬

ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ

⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ≀ᛶ ᐃ

㏻ᖖࡢ྾཰ᾮ࡛࠶ࡿ྾╔๣ࢆศᩓࡉࡏ࡚࠸࡞࠸LiBr⁐ᾮࡀ㐣㣬࿴≧ែ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜㸯ࡘࡢ኱

ࡁ࡞ᅛࡲࡾ࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟⤖ᬗࡀᯒฟࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ὶ㊰ࡢ㛢ሰ࡟క࠺ࢺࣛࣈࣝࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ࡜⪃

࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪྾╔๣ᚤ⢏Ꮚࢆศᩓࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛྾╔๣ࡀ⤖ᬗ᰾࡜࡞ࡾከᩘࡢᚤ⣽࡞⤖

ᬗࡀᯒฟࡋࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ≧ែ࡟࡞ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ὶ㊰ࡢὶࢀ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ⤖ᬗࢫࣛ

࣮ࣜࡢ⤖ᬗ⢏ᗘศᕸཬࡧ⢓ᗘࡢ ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬

ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗ⢏ᗘศᕸ ᐃ  ᐃ⿦⨨࡜ࡋ࡚㸪࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᅇᢡ/ᩓ஘ᘧ⢏ᗘศᕸ ᐃ

⿦⨨㸦ᇼሙ㸪LA-920ᆺ㸧ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓ㸬྾╔๣࡟ࡣᮾࢯ࣮〇ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺHSZ-320-NAAࢆ౑⏝

ࡋࡓ㸬⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡣ㧗 ≧ែ㸦80 °C㸧࡛LiBr⃰ᗘ63.4 wt%㸦⁐ᾮᇶ‽㸧ࡢLiBr⁐ᾮ࡟

ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺ5.56 wt%ࢆศᩓࡉࡏ㸪 ᗘࢆ25 °Cࡲ࡛ୗࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡛సᡂࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ⤖ᬗࢫࣛࣜ

࣮୰ࡢᚤ⣽⤖ᬗ࡜ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺ⢏Ꮚࡢ⢏ᗘศᕸࢆ⢏ᗘศᕸ ᐃ⿦⨨ࡢࣂࢵࢳᘧࢭ࡛ࣝ ᐃࡋ ࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪 ᐃ୰ࡢ ᗘࡶ25.0 °C࡜ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪 ᅗ5-1ࡣୖグ࡜ྠ᮲௳࡛ㄪ〇ࡋࡓࢫࣛ

࣮ࣜ࡜⤖ᬗᡂ㛗≧ែࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ⢓ᗘ ᐃ  ᐃ⿦⨨࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᅇ㌿⢓ᗘィࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓ㸬⤖ᬗࢫࣛࣜ

࣮ࡢ⢏ᗘศᕸ ᐃ࡜ྠ᮲௳㸦LiBr⃰ᗘ63.4 %ࠊࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺศᩓ⃰ᗘ5.56 %㸧࡛ࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ

ㄪ〇ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ ᗘࢆ20㸪35㸪50 °C࡜ኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ୰ࡢ ᅛయ⤖ᬗ㔞ࢆኚ࠼㸪⢓ᗘ ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬

ᾮ⭷ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ

྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉࡢᛶ⬟ホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺ୖ࡛㸪྾཰ᾮ࡜⇕፹య㛫ࡢ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟

ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪෌⏕ჾ࡜ࡋ࡚᧯సࡋࡓሙྜࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ㸪༢୍ࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ⾲㠃

ࢆὶୗࡍࡿ྾╔๣ศᩓ྾཰ᾮ࡜⇕፹య㛫ࡢ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࢆィ ࡋ㸪྾╔๣ࡀ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩 ಀᩘ࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬

ᅗᅗ5-2࡟ᾮ⭷ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂⿦⨨ᴫ␎ᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬྾཰ᾮࡣୖ㒊ᐜჾ࠿ࡽఏ⇕ᐇ㦂ࢲࢡࢺࡢఏ⇕ࣉ

࣮ࣞࢺ⾲㠃࡟ᐃ㔞౪⤥ࡉࢀ㸪ᾮ⭷≧ែ࡛ὶୗࡉࡏࡿ㸬ࢲࢡࢺฟཱྀ࠿ࡽࡢ྾཰ᾮࡣୗ㒊ᐜჾ࡟

㈓ࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬྾཰ᾮ࡟ࡣ྾╔๣ศᩓLiBr⁐ᾮࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬྾╔๣࡟ࡣᮾࢯ࣮〇ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺ

HSZ-320-NAAࢆ౑⏝㸬୍᪉㸪⇕፹య࡟ࡣࢩࣜࢥࣥ࢜࢖ࣝ㸦ಙ㉺໬Ꮫ〇 KF-96-100CS㸧ࢆ⏝࠸㸪

୍ᐃࡢ ᗘ࡟ຍ⇕ࡉࢀࡓ࢜࢖ࣝࢆࢲࢡࢺୗ㒊ഃ࠿ࡽ౪⤥ࡋ㸪྾཰ᾮ⭷ࡢὶࢀ᪉ྥ࡜ࡣྥὶ ᪉ᘧ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡑࡢ㛫ࡢఏ⇕ࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࡟ࡣSUS329J4Lࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫᯈ㸦㛗ࡉ1008 mm㸪

ᖜ102 mm㸪ཌࡉ3 mm㸧ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ㸪྾཰ᾮഃ⾲㠃࡟ࡣᆒ୍ᾮ⭷ࡢᙧᡂࢆᐜ᫆࡟ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ

ぶỈᛶฎ⌮㸦㸦ᰴ㸧ఙ᫭࡟ࡼࡿ࣋ࣛࢫࢥ࣮ࢺຍᕤ㸧ࡀ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⣔඲యࢆῶᅽୗ࡟ࡋ㸪

ࢲࢡࢺࢆ4.57°ഴᩳࡉࡏࡓᾮ⭷ὶࢀ࡛ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬

ᐇ㦂ᡭ㡰ࡣ㸪௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

㸯㸬ᡤᐃࡢ ᗘ࡟タᐃࡉࢀࡓࢩࣜࢥࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࢆఏ⇕ᐇ㦂ࢲࢡࢺࡢ⇕፹యഃ࡟ὶ㏻ࡉࡏ࡚㸪

⇕ⓗ࡟Ᏻᐃࡍࡿࡲ࡛ᚅᶵࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪ᜏ ᵴෆࢩࣜࢥࣥ࢜࢖ࣝ ᗘࢆ90 °C ୍࡛ᐃ

࡜ࡋࡓ㸬

㸰㸬ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂ࢲࢡࢺ྾཰ᾮ⭷ഃ㸪ୖ㒊ᐜჾ㸪ୗ㒊ᐜჾ㸪จ⦰ჾ㸪จ⦰Ỉᐜჾࢆ┿✵࣏ࣥࣉ

࡛ῶᅽࡉࡏࡿ㸬

㸱㸬྾཰ᾮ㈓ⶶ⏝ࡢୖ㒊ᐜჾ࠿ࡽࢲ࢖ࣖࣇ࣒ࣛᘧᐃ㔞࣏ࣥࣉ࡛ὶ㔞ࢆㄪ⠇ࡋࡘࡘ྾཰ᾮ

ࢆヨ㦂ࢲࢡࢺ࡟౪⤥ࡋ㸪ఏ⇕㠃࡟ᾮ⭷≧࡟ὶ㏻ࡉࡏࡿ㸬

㸲㸬྾཰ᾮࡢฟධཱྀ ᗘࡀᏳᐃࡋࡓࡽ㸪྾཰ᾮฟධཱྀ ᗘ࡜LiBr⃰ᗘ㸪ࢩࣜࢥࣥ࢜࢖ࣝฟ ධཱྀ ᗘࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ㸬

㸳㸬྾཰ᾮࡢLiBr⃰ᗘࡣ㸪ᾮࡢ୍㒊ࢆ200 °Cࡢ஝⇱ᶵෆ࡛஝⇱ࡉࡏ㸪LiBrࡢ㉁㔞࡜ࡶ࡜

ࡢ⁐ᾮ㉁㔞࠿ࡽỴᐃࡍࡿ㸬

྾཰ᾮ࡛࠶ࡿLiBr⁐ᾮࡢὶ㔞࠾ࡼࡧ྾╔๣⃰ᗘࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏ㸪 ᐃࡋࡓ྾཰ᾮࡢฟධཱྀ 

ᗘ࡜LiBr⃰ᗘ㸪ࢩࣜࢥࣥ࢜࢖ࣝฟධཱྀ ᗘ࠿ࡽ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪྾╔

๣⃰ᗘࡣ2.66㸪4.04㸪4.99㸪9.90 wt%࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪྾཰ᾮࡢධཱྀLiBr⃰ᗘࡣ54.8ࠥ58.0 %

࡛㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ㐣㣬࿴⃰ᗘ௨ୗ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪 ᤼⇕฼⏝ࡢࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡛ࡣ྾཰

ᾮࡢ෌⏕㐣⛬ࡢఏ⇕ಁ㐍ࡶ኱ࡁ࡞ㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡜㸪80 °C⛬ᗘࡢ෌⏕ ᗘ࡛ࡣ LiBr ࡢ⁐

ゎᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࡢ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡀ⁐ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪㐣㣬࿴⃰ᗘ௨ୗࡢ྾╔๣ศᩓ⣔྾཰

ᾮ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ఏ⇕≉ᛶࡢィ ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

⌮ㄽゎᯒ

྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖຠᯝ㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕỈ⵨Ẽ྾཰㔞ྥୖ

ຠᯝࡘ࠸࡚⌮ㄽゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡿ᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᅗ5-3ࡣ྾཰ჾࢆ౛࡟ࡋࡓሙྜࡢゎᯒࣔࢹࣝࢆᅗ

♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛㸪⇕஺᥮ჾࡢఏ⇕㠃ࢆᣳࢇ࡛㸪྾཰ᾮࡀᾮ⭷≧࡛㸪⇕፹యࡀὶ㊰඲యࢆὶ㏻ࡍ

ࡿ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬෌⏕ჾ࡛ࡣ㸪෭༷⏝⇕፹యࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ຍ⇕⏝⇕፹యࡀὶ㏻ࡋ㸪Ỉ⵨Ẽࡢ྾཰࡟௦

ࢃࡾ⵨Ⓨࡋ࡚⇕࣭≀㉁⛣ື᪉ྥࡀ㏫㸦㈇㸧᪉ྥ࡟࡞ࡿⅬࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡔࡅ࡛㸪඲ࡃྠᵝ࡟⾲グࡍ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ゎᯒࡣ௨ୗࡢ௬ᐃࢆ࠾ࡃ㸬 1㸧 ྾཰ჾཬࡧ෌⏕ჾࡣᆶ┤᪉ྥ࡟ὶ㏻ࡍࡿ⇕஺᥮᪉ᘧ㸬 2㸧 ྾཰ᾮࡣ⇕஺᥮ჾఏ⇕㠃⾲㠃ࢆ୍ᵝ࡞ཌࡉࡢᾮ⭷࡛ὶୗ㸬 3㸧ᾮ⭷ཌࡉ᪉ྥࡢὶ㏿㸪 ᗘཬࡧ⃰ᗘศᕸࡣ୍ᵝ㸬

4㸧ᾮ⭷⾲㠃ࡢ⵨Ẽᅽࡣᾮ⭷ࡢ⃰ᗘ࡜ ᗘ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ྾཰ᾮࡢ㣬࿴⵨Ẽᅽ㸬

5㸧 ᾮ⭷⾲㠃࡛ࡢỈศࡢ⵨Ⓨࡲࡓࡣ྾཰㏿ᗘࡣ㸪ᾮ⭷≧㠃ࡢ⵨Ẽᅽ࡜จ⦰ჾࡲࡓࡣ⵨Ⓨჾෆ

⵨Ẽᅽ࡜ࡢᕪࢆ᥎㐍ຊ࡜ࡍࡿ≀㉁⛣ື࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

6㸧 ⵨Ⓨჾཬࡧจ⦰ჾෆ⵨Ẽᅽࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ ᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⣧Ỉࡢ㣬࿴⵨Ẽᅽ࡛㏆ఝ㸬 7㸧 ෭༷ࡲࡓࡣຍ⇕ࡢࡓࡵࡢ⇕፹యࡣᾮ⭷ࡢὶୗ᪉ྥ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ྥὶࡲࡓࡣ୪ὶ࡛ὶ㏻㸬 8㸧ఏ⇕ࡣ⇕፹య࡜ᾮ⭷㛫ࡢ ᗘᕪࢆ᥎㐍ຊ࡜ࡍࡿ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

9㸧 ྾཰ᾮ࡟⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ⏝࠸ࡿሙྜ㸪Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰࡟క࠸ LiBr ⤖ᬗࡀ⁐ゎࡍࡿࡓࡵ྾཰

ᾮ⃰ᗘࡣᖖ࡟㣬࿴⃰ᗘ୍࡛ᐃ࡜ࡋ㸪⁐ゎ㏿ᗘࡶ༑ศ㏿࠸㸬

10㸧 ྾཰ᾮࡢ ᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㣬࿴⃰ᗘ௨ୖ࡜࡞ࡿ࡜⤖ᬗࡀᯒฟࡋ㸪྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘࡣ㣬࿴⃰ᗘ㸬 11㸧 ࿘ᅖ࡬ࡢᨺ⇕㔞ࡣ↓どᑠ㸬

12㸧྾཰ᾮ⭷ཬࡧ⇕፹యࡢὶࢀ᪉ྥࡢఏ⇕ࡣ↓どᑠ㸬 13㸧྾཰ᾮ୰ࡢ྾╔๣࡬ࡢLiBr྾╔⇕ࡣ↓どᑠ㸬

௬ᐃ 3)࡛ࡣࣆࢫࢺࣥὶࢀࡲࡓࡣᾮ⭷ཌࡉ᪉ྥࡢ᏶඲ΰྜὶࢀࢆ௬ᐃࡋ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࣔࢹࣝ

ࡢ⡆᫆໬ࡢࡓࡵ㐠ື᪉⛬ᘧࡣ⪃៖ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀ㸪⌮ㄽⓗ࡟᭱኱ຠ⋡ࢆゎᯒࡍࡿࣔࢹࣝ࡜࡞

ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᐇ⌧㇟࡜ࡢ⿵ṇࡣ㸪௬ᐃ5)ࡢ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘࢆࣇ࢕ࢵࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡜ࡍࡿࡇ

࡜࡛ᑐᛂࡀྍ⬟࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪௬ᐃ6)ࡣ᧯స୰ࡢ྾཰ᾮ࣑ࢫࢺࡢΰධࡣ↓どᑠ࡜ࡋ㸪 Ỉ⵨Ẽ⛣ື᢬ᢠࡣỈ⵨Ẽὶ㊰ࡀᚊ㏿࡜ࡍࡿ࡜⵨Ⓨჾ࡜จ⦰ჾෆࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ ᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ

⣧Ỉࡢ㣬࿴⵨Ẽᅽ࡜➼ࡋ࠸࡜௬ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬

௨ୖࡢ௬ᐃ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⇕ཬࡧ≀㉁཰ᨭᘧࡣ㸪௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

LiBr཰ᨭ

dA wC d dA

w_c d ^{ad LiBr} 㸦5-1㸧

Ỉ཰ᨭ

dA m C w

d 1 _LiBr

㸦5-2㸧

࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮཰ᨭ

w cond ad

c LiBr c

pa

s q q

dA

T w c T w c w h

d 㸦5-3㸧

ࡇࡇ࡛㸪wcࡣ྾཰ᾮ୰ࡢ྾╔๣㉁㔞ὶ㔞 [kg-adsorbent/s]㸪 adࡣ྾╔๣⾲㠃ࡢ LiBr ⤖ᬗ㔞 [kg-LiBr/kg-adsorbent]㸪Aࡣఏ⇕㠃✚ [m²]㸪wࡣ྾཰ᾮὶ㔞 [kg-solution/s]㸪CLiBrࡣ྾཰ᾮ୰

ࡢ LiBr⃰ᗘ [kg-LiBr/kg-solution]㸪m^{ࡣỈ⵨Ẽ྾཰㏿ᗘ} [kg-water/(m²·s)]㸪hsࡣ྾཰ᾮ࢚ࣥ

ࢱࣝࣆ࣮ [J/kg-solution]㸪cpa࡜cLiBrࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ྾╔๣࡜LiBrࡢẚ⇕[J/(kg·K)]㸪Tࡣ ᗘ [K]㸪 qcondࡣ┦ኚ໬࡟క࠺₯⇕࢚ࣥࢱࣝࣆ࣮[W/m²]㸪qwࡣ⇕፹య࡜྾཰ᾮ㛫ࡢ⇕ఏ㐩㏿ᗘ [W/m²]

ࢆ⾲ࡍ㸬

⇕ཬࡧ≀㉁㏿ᗘᘧࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀḟᘧ࡛⾲ࡏࡿ㸬

⇕ఏ㐩㏿ᗘ

w w

w h T T

q 㸦5-4㸧

Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰㏿ᗘ

s evap

m p p

k

m _㸦5-5㸧

ࡇࡇ࡛㸪hwࡣ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ [W/(m²·K)]㸪Tࡣ྾཰ᾮ ᗘ [K]㸪Twࡣ⇕፹య ᗘ [K]㸪_kmࡣ ᅽຊᕪ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ≀㉁⛣ືಀᩘ [kg/(m²·s·Pa)]㸪pevapࡣ⵨Ⓨჾࡲࡓࡣจ⦰ჾෆ⵨Ẽᅽ [Pa]㸪ps

ࡣ྾཰ᾮ⾲㠃ࡢ㣬࿴⵨Ẽᅽ [Pa]࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡲࡓ㸪qcomdࡣmࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

e cond mL

q 㸦5-6㸧

ࡇࡇ࡛LeࡣỈࡢ⵨Ⓨ₯⇕ [J/kg]࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

྾཰ᾮ୰ࡢLiBr⃰ᗘࡣ㸪⤖ᬗᏑᅾୗ࡛ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

LiBr*

LiBr C

C 㸦5-7㸧

ࡇࡇ࡛CLiBr*ࡣLiBr㣬࿴⃰ᗘ [kg-LiBr/kg-solution]࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㣬࿴⁐ゎᗘ௨ୗ࡛ࡣ㸪྾╔๣࡬

ࡢLiBrᖹ⾮྾╔㔞࡜⁐ᾮ⃰ᗘࡢ㛵ಀࢆ㸪ḟᘧࡢࡼ࠺࡟୚࠼ࡓ⁽³⁰⁾㸬 b

aC

q _LiBr 㸦5-8㸧

ࡇࡇ࡛ q*ࡣ LiBr ᖹ⾮྾╔㔞 [kg-LiBr/kg-adsorbent]㸪a ࡣ྾╔ᖹ⾮ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࣮ [kg-solution/kg-adsorbent]࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ᇶ♏ᘧEq. (5-1)ࠥ(5-3)ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ྾཰ჾཬࡧ෌⏕ჾࡈ࡜࡟ఏ⇕㠃✚࡟ἢࡗ࡚㞳ᩓ໬ࡋ࡚

ᩘ್✚ศࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾゎ࠸ࡓ㸬྾཰ᾮ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅖ≀ᛶ್ࡣᩥ⊩್(23)(24)(25)(30)ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬ࡲ

ࡓ㸪྾཰ᾮࡢ࢚ࣥࢱࣝࣆ࣮ཬࡧ㣬࿴Ỉ⵨Ẽᅽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪 ᗘ࡜⃰ᗘࡢ㛵ᩘ࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀ㸪ᩥ

⊩⁽³¹⁾࡟࡚୚࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ┦㛵㛵ಀࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬⵨Ⓨჾཬࡧจ⦰ჾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀᡤᐃࡢ  ᗘ୍࡛ᐃ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬

⤖ᯝཬࡧ⪃ᐹ

ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗ⢏ᗘศᕸ

⢏ᗘศᕸࡢ ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆᅗᅗ 5-4 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ᐇ⥺ࡣ⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ㸪Ⅼ⥺ࡣࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺࡢ⢏ᗘศ ᕸࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺ⢏ᗘࡣ2ࠥ10 m࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ⤖ᬗ⢏ᗘ

ࡣ 9ࠥ200 m ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡣ㸪ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺࡢ⢏ᗘ⠊ᅖ࡟࡯࡜ࢇ࡝

Ꮡᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺࡀ⤖ᬗ᰾࡜࡞ࡾࡑࡢ࿘ࡾ࡟LiBr⤖ᬗࡀᯒฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃

࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺࡢ࣓ࢪ࢔ࣥᚄ7.09 mࡢ༢୍⢏Ꮚ࿘ࡾ࡟LiBrࡀ⌫≧࡟⤖ᬗ ᡂ㛗ࡋࡓ࡜௬ᐃࡋ࡚㸪⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ⢏Ꮚᚄࢆヨ⟬ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ7.45 m࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ィ ࡉࢀ

ࡿ⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ࣓ࢪ࢔ࣥᚄࡀ57.0 m࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ⴭࡋࡃᑠࡉ࠸⤖ᯝ࡜࡞ࡗ ࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ⓗ࡟ᆒ୍࡞⌫≧࡟ࡣ⤖ᬗᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸪ࡲࡓࡣ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢ」ᩘࡢ⤖ᬗ

⢏Ꮚࡀจ㞟ࡋࡓࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪᭱኱⢏Ꮚᚄ࡛ࡶ200 m௨ୗ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡜㸪ᩘ

ࣨ᭶㟼⨨ࡋࡓሙྜ࡟ࡶࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ≧ែࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟฼⏝ࡋࡓ

࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶὶ㊰ࡢ㛢ሰ࡞࡝ࡢၥ㢟ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ࡇࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ௒ᚋ ࡉࡽ࡟ヲ⣽࡞᳨ウࢆせࡍࡿ㸬

⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ⢓ᗘ

⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ⢓ᗘ࡜⤖ᬗ⃰ᗘ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆᅗᅗ5-5࡟♧ࡍ㸬グྕڦࡣ㣬࿴⁐ゎᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ⤖ᬗ ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ ᗘ50 °C࡛ࡢࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺศᩓࡋࡓ⁐ᾮ㸦LiBr⃰ᗘ63.4 %ࠊࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺศᩓ

⃰ᗘ5.56 %㸧ࡢ⢓ᗘ㸪یࡢࣉࣟࢵࢺࡣ ᗘࢆ35࡜20 °C࡟పୗࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛⤖ᬗࢆᯒฟࡉ

ࡏ࡚ࡑࡢ๭ྜࢆቑຍࡉࡏࡓሙྜࡢ⢓ᗘࢆ⾲ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪୍Ⅼ㙐⥺ࡣࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺࢆྵࡲ࡞࠸

50 °C 㸪63.4%ࡢLiBr⁐ᾮ㸪◚⥺ࡣ20 °Cࡢ⣧Ỉ⢓ᗘࡢᩥ⊩್⁽²³⁾ࢆ⾲ࡍ㸬㣬࿴⁐ゎᗘ௨ୗ࡛

྾཰ᾮ⃰ᗘ࡜ ᗘࡀྠ୍࡛ࡶ㸪ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺ⢏Ꮚࡢศᩓ࡟ࡼࡾ⢓ᗘࡀ⣙50%㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪

⤖ᬗࢫ࣮࡛ࣛࣜࡣ⤖ᬗ⃰ᗘࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸⢓ᗘࡶቑຍࡍࡿഴྥࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪ᮏᐇ㦂⠊ᅖ

࡛᭱ࡶ⢓ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ20 °C㸪0.024 kg-LiBr/kg-solutionࡢࢫ࣮࡛ࣛࣜࡶ྾཰ᾮ༢⊂ࡢ2.7ಸ

⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪༑ศ࡞ὶືᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬

ᾮ⭷ࡢ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ

 ᐃࡋࡓ྾཰ᾮࡢฟධཱྀ ᗘ࡜LiBr⃰ᗘ㸪ࢩࣜࢥࣥ࢜࢖ࣝฟධཱྀ ᗘ࠿ࡽఏ⇕㔞࡜ᖹᆒ

 ᗘᕪࢆồࡵ㸪ḟᘧࡼࡾ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘhwࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬

ΔTlm

A h

Q _{w 㸦5-9㸧}

1 c2 2 c1

1 c2 2

lm ln c1T T T T

T T T

ΔT T 㸦5-10㸧

ࡇࡇ࡛㸪Qࡣఏ⇕㔞 [W]㸪 Tlmࡣᑐᩘᖹᆒ ᗘᕪ [K]ࢆ⾲ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Eq. (5-10)ࡢ ᗘࡣᅗ 5-2࡟♧ࡍ఩⨨ࡢ ᗘ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ㸬ఏ⇕㔞ࡣ྾཰ᾮࡢฟධཱྀ⃰ᗘᕪ࠿ࡽồࡵࡓ⵨Ⓨ₯⇕㔞࠾ࡼ

ࡧࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ ᗘ࡜⃰ᗘ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࢚ࣥࢱࣝࣆ࣮ᕪ࠿ࡽồࡵࡽࢀࡿ⁽³¹⁾㸬

ᅗᅗ5-6ࡣ㸪⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ࡜ὶ㔞ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ὶ㔞ࡀ30 ml/s௨ୖ࡛ࡣ㸪  ᐃ⢭ᗘୖࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡶࡢࡢ㸪࠾࠾ࡴࡡὶ㔞ࡀቑຍࡍࡿ࡟ᚑ࠸⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࡶቑ ຍࡍࡿഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀ㸪ᮏὶ㔞⠊ᅖ࡛ࡣ100ࠥ900 W/(m²·K)ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ኚ໬ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡤࡽࡘ ࡁࡀᑠࡉ࠸30 ml/s௨ୗࡢపὶ㔞ᇦ࡛ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜㸪⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ࡟୚࠼ࡿࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺศᩓ⃰ᗘ ࡢᙳ㡪ࡣ㸪ᮏᐇ㦂⠊ᅖ࡛ࡣᑠࡉ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ὶ㔞ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮฟධཱྀ㛫 ࡢỈ⵨Ẽ⵨Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡿ⃰ᗘኚ໬ࡀᑠࡉࡃ㸪ࡇࡢ⃰ᗘィ ㄗᕪࡀ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ࡟኱ࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࢆ୚

࠼ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬

ఏ⇕ヨ㦂࡜ゎᯒࣔࢹࣝࡢẚ㍑

ゎᯒࣔࢹࣝࡢጇᙜᛶࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᾮ⭷ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ྾཰ᾮࡢ ᗘ࡜⃰ᗘ

࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゎᯒ⤖ᯝ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗᅗ5-7ࡣ㸪྾╔๣ศᩓ⃰ᗘ2.65 %㸪ὶ㔞9.0 ml/s࡛⾜ࡗࡓఏ

⇕ᐇ㦂࡜ྠ୍᮲௳࡛ゎᯒࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡜ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪จ⦰ჾ ᗘ280K㸪≀㉁⛣ື

ಀᩘ2.0 kg/(m²·s·Pa)㸪4.0 kg-LiBr/kg-adsorbent࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡢゎᯒ࡛ࡣ⇕፹య࡟Ỉ ࡢ⇕≀ᛶ್ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪⇕ᐜ㔞㏿ᗘࢆ྾཰ᾮ࡟ẚ࡭࡚༑ศ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟タᐃࡋ࡚㸪 ฟධཱྀ ᗘᕪࡣ࡯ࡰྠ⛬ᗘ࡟ᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓࡓࡵ㸪ᐇ㦂࡜ࡢẚ㍑࡟ၥ㢟ࡣ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸

࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᅗࡢゎᯒ⤖ᯝࡣ⁐ᾮࡀᾮ⭷ὶୗࡍࡿఏ⇕㠃✚᪉ྥࡢLiBr⃰ᗘ࡜ ᗘศᕸࢆ

♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ0.1 m²ࡢఏ⇕㠃✚࡛⾜ࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡢ㠃✚࡛ࡢゎᯒ್࡜ᐇ㦂࡛ࡢ  ᐃ್ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ ᗘ㸪⃰ᗘ࡜ࡶ࡟Ⰻዲ࡞୍⮴ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬

྾╔๣ศᩓ⃰ᗘ2.66 %ࡢ࡜ࡁ㸪ࡑࡢ௚ࡢὶ㔞࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶఏ⇕ᐇ㦂࡜ゎᯒ⤖ᯝࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬 ᅗ

ᅗ5-8ࡣ୧⪅ࡢ┦ᑐㄗᕪࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪┦ᑐㄗᕪࡣḟᘧ࡛ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㸬

100

n e n

A M

R A _㸦5-11㸧

ࡇࡇ࡛㸪Rࡣ┦ᑐㄗᕪ [%]㸪Anࡣゎᯒ್㸪Meࡣᐇ㦂 ᐃ್ࡢ ᗘࡲࡓࡣ⃰ᗘࢆ⾲ࡍ㸬ྛὶ 㔞࡛ࡢ┦ᑐㄗᕪࡣ࠾࠾ࡴࡡ1 %⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪኱ࡁࡃ࡚ࡶ3 %௨ෆ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ

ᮏゎᯒࣔࢹࣝࡣ㸪༑ศጇᙜ࡞⢭ᗘ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ࡟ࡼࡿᛶ⬟ྥୖຠᯝ

๓⠇ࡢᮏゎᯒࣔࢹࣝࡢጇᙜᛶ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜ㸪྾╔๣ศᩓ྾཰ᾮ㸪྾཰ᾮ༢⊂ࡢ 3ࡘࡢ᮲௳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪྾཰ჾࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖຠᯝࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬ᮏゎᯒ᮲௳ࢆ⾲⾲ 5-1࡟♧ࡍ㸬⤖ᬗ ࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡣỈ⵨Ẽ྾཰ࡋ࡚ࡶ⤖ᬗ⁐ゎࡢຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡾ⃰ᗘࡀኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ୍ᐃ࡜ࡋ㸪྾╔

๣ศᩓ྾཰ᾮࡣ྾╔๣ࡢ⬺╔ຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡾỈ⵨Ẽ྾཰࡟ࡼࡿ⃰ᗘపୗ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚LiBrࡀ⬺╔

ࡍࡿ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬

ᮏゎᯒࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡼࡾ⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゎᯒࡋࡓ⃰ᗘศᕸ࣭Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾

཰㔞ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᅗᅗ5-8࡟♧ࡍ㸬⤖ᬗࢫ࣮࡛ࣛࣜࡣ⃰ᗘ୍ᐃ࡜௬ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵኚ໬ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪

྾╔๣ศᩓ྾཰ᾮ࡛ࡣ྾╔๣ࡢLiBr⬺╔ຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡾࢃࡎ࠿࡞ࡀࡽ⃰ᗘపୗࢆᢚไࡋࡓ㸬ࡲ

ࡓ㸪Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰㔞ࡣ㸪྾཰ᾮࡀఏ⇕㠃✚1 m²ὶୗࡍࡿࡲ࡛࡟྾཰ᾮ༢⊂࡛2.58×10^-3 kg-water/s

࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪྾╔๣ศᩓ྾཰ᾮ࡛ࡣ3.13×10^-3 kg-water/sࡢ⣙20 %㸪ࡉࡽ࡟⤖ᬗࢫ࣮࡛ࣛࣜ

ࡣ5.05×10^-3 kg-water/sࡢ⣙100 %ቑຍࡋ㸪Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰⬟ຊࡢⴭࡋ࠸ྥୖຠᯝࢆᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿ⤖

ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬

ᮏ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ

྾཰ᘧࣄ࣮ࢺ࣏ࣥࣉ࡟ࡼࡾప ᤼⇕ࢆᅇ཰ࡋ෭⇕ࢆᚓࡿ⿦⨨ࡢ㧗ᛶ⬟໬ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ㸪྾཰ᾮ

࡟㐣㣬࿴ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ᪉ᘧࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ㸪௨ୗࡢ⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬

㸯㸧LiBr⃰ᗘ63.4 %㸪྾╔๣ศᩓ⃰ᗘ5.56 %㸪 ᗘ25 °Cࡢ㐣㣬࿴ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ⤖

ᬗ⢏ᗘࡣ10ࠥ200 m㸪࣓ࢪ࢔ࣥᚄࡣ57.0 m࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬

㸰㸧㐣㣬࿴ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ⢓ᗘࡣ㸪LiBr⃰ᗘ63.4 %㸪྾╔๣ศᩓ⃰ᗘ5.56 %ࡢ⁐ᾮࢆ

 ᗘไᚚࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛⤖ᬗ㔞ࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪⤖ᬗ㔞ࡀቑຍࡍࡿ࡟ࡘࢀ⢓ᗘࡶቑຍࡍࡿ

ࡶࡢࡢ㸪ᮏᐇ㦂⠊ᅖ࡛᭱኱⢓ᗘࡣ1.67×10^-2 Pa·s࡛࠶ࡾ㸪༑ศ࡞ὶືᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂

ࡽ࠿࡟ࡉࢀࡓ㸬

㸱㸧ᾮ⭷ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾ㸪྾཰ᾮ୰ࡢ྾╔๣㸦ࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺHSZ-320NAA㸧ࡀ⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀ

ᩘ࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣᑠࡉ࠸㸬ࡲࡓ㸪྾཰ᾮὶ㔞ࡢቑຍ࡟ᚑ࠸⥲ᣓ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘࡣቑຍࡍࡿ㸬 㸲㸧ᾮ⭷ఏ⇕ᐇ㦂࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ㸪ᮏゎᯒࣔࢹࣝࡣ3 %௨ෆࡢ⢭ᗘ࡛ጇᙜᛶࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸬 㸳㸧ゎᯒࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡼࡾỈ⵨Ẽ྾཰⬟ຊྥୖຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゎᯒࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪྾཰ᾮ༢⊂࡜ẚ㍑

ࡋ྾╔๣ศᩓ྾཰ᾮࡣ20 %㸪㐣㣬࿴ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡣ100 %ቑຍࡍࡿྥୖຠᯝࡀ♧ࡉ

ࢀࡓ㸬

(a) Fine particle slurry of LiBr

(b) LiBr crystal lump grown Fig. 5-1 Pictures of supersaturated crystal

Fig.5-2 Heat-transfer device of liquid film

Fig. 5-3 Outline of analysis model in absorber

Fig. 5-4 Particle size distribution of supersaturated fine particle crystal

Fig. 5-5 Viscosity of LiBr slurry solution against crystal concentration

Fig. 5-6 Relation between heat transfer coefficient and flow rate

Fig. 5-7 LiBr conc. and temperature profiles

Fig. 5-8 Relative error of the measured value and analysis

Table 5-1 Analysis conditions

Condition Slurry Adsorbent suspension Solution

Flow rate [kg/(m²·s)]

Inlet temp. [K]

Inlet conc. [kg/kg-sol.]

Adsorbent conc. [kg/kg-sol.]

Heat transfer fluid flow rate [kg/(m²·s)]

Heat transfer fluid temp. [K]

Condenser temp. [K]

Mass transfer coeff. [kg/(m²·s·Pa)]

Heat transfer coef. [W/(m²·K)]

Equilibrium adsorption parameter [kg/kg-sol.]

Heat transfer area [m²]

0.01 310 0.64 0.2 0.5 290 280 2.0 400 4.0 1.0

0.01 310 0.64 0.2 0.5 290 280 2.0 400 4.0 1.0

0.01 310 0.64 0.0 0.5 290 280 2.0 400 - 1.0

Fig. 5-9 LiBr conc. and water absorption profiles

0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70

0E+0 1E-3 2E-3 3E-3 4E-3 5E-3 6E-3

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

LiBr crystal slurry Solution slurry Solution

LiB r conc. [k g-LiBr/ kg-sol] Abs o rbed wat e r x 10

3

[kg- w a te r/ s]

Surface area [m

²

]

hc: 400 W/(m² K) km: 2 kg/(m² s Pa)

グ グྕ

A = heat transfer surface area [m²]

a = equilibrium adsorption parameter define by Eq. (5-8) [kg-solution/kg-adsorbent]

An = analysis value

b = parameter defined by Eq. (5-8) [kg-LiBr/kg-adsorbent]

CLiBr= LiBr concentration in solution [kg-LiBr/kg-solution]

cLiBr = specific heat of Lithium Bromide [J/(kg͌K)]

cpa = specific heat of adsorption [J/(kg͌K)]

hs = enthalpy of solution [J/kg-solution]

hw = overall heat transfer coefficient [W/(m²͌K)]

km = mass transfer coefficient [kg/(m²͌s͌Pa)]

Le = latent heat of water vapor [J/kg]

m ˙ = rate of absorption or evaporation [kg-water/(m²͌s)]

Me = measured value

pevap = vapor pressure in evaporator or condenser [kg/(m²͌s͌Pa)]

ps = equilibrium vapor pressure [kg/(m²͌s͌Pa)]

Q = amount of heat transfer [W]

qcomd= phase change enthalpy per unit heat transfer surface area [W/m²] qw = heat transfer rate between heat transfer fluids and solution [W/m²] q* = LiBe amout adsorbed in adsorbent [kg-LiBr/kg-adsorbent]

R = relative error [%]

T = solution temperature [K]

T1 = entrance temperature of solution [K]

T2 = exit temperature of solution [K]

Tc1 = entrance temperature of heat transfer fluid [K]

Tc2 = exit temperature of heat transfer fluid [K]

Tw = heat transfer fluid temperature [K]

Tlm= log-mean temperature difference [K]

w = flow rate of solution [kg-solution/s]

wc = flow rate of adsorbent in solution [kg-adsorbent/s]

ad = amout of LiBr crystal [kg-LiBr/kg-adsorbent]

➨

➨㸴❶ /L%U ᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢㄪ〇࡜Ỉ⵨Ẽ྾཰≉ᛶ

ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪AHPࡢ྾཰ᾮ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢLiBrᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ≉ᛶ࡜᭷ຠᛶࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ㸬ࢫ

࣮ࣛࣜࡢ⤖ᬗࢧ࢖ࢬࢆணࡵ ᐃࡋ࡚ࢫ࣮ࣛࣜᙧᡂࡢᣲືࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿ㸬AHPࡢᛶ⬟࡟ᑐࡍࡿ

྾╔๣࠾ࡼࡧLiBrᚤ⣽⤖ᬗࢫ࣮ࣛࣜࡢຠᯝࢆ㸪㐣ཤࡢࣔࢹࣝ໬࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝ࡜ࣛ࣎ࢫࢣ

࣮ࣝᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜ࡢẚ㍑᳨ウ࡟ࡼࡾ᳨ドࡍࡿ㸬

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