D. Sokova

ȼɕȻɈɊ ȽɂȾɊɈɂɁɈɅəɐɂɈɇɇɕɏ ɆȺɌȿɊɂȺɅɈȼ ȾɅə ɊȿɆɈɇɌȺ ɋ ɍɑȿɌɈɆ ɂɏ ɋɈȼɆȿɋɌɂɆɈɋɌɂ ɂ

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CHOICE OF WATERPROOFING MATERIALS FOR REPAIR

ɫɥɨɹ,ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɹ ɚɪɦɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɟɟ ɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɹ,ɩɪɨɬɟɱɤɢ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɩɪɢɦɵɤɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡ-ɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɧɵɯ ɲɜɨɜ.

ȼɫɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ Ɇɢɧɠɢɥɤɨɦɯɨɡɚ,ɐɇɂɂɗɉɠɢɥɢɳɚ,ȼɋɇ 026-85 Ƚɥɚɜɦɨɫɫɬɪɨɹ,Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɐɇɂɂɩɪɨɦɡɞɚɧɢɣ,Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɐɇɂɂɈɆɌɉ ɩɨ ɪɟ-ɦɨɧɬɭ ɛɟɡɪɭɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɵɲ ɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɦɚɫɬɢɤɚɯ ɢ ɷɦɭɥɶɫɢɹɯ ɬɟɯ ɥɟɬ.Ɋɟɦɨɧɬ ɛɟɡ-ɪɭɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɨɜɟɥɶ,ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɨ ɷɬɢɦ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦ, ɧɟ ɞɚɟɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶ-ɬɚɬɨɜ. ȼɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹɯ ɧɟ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɬɟɪɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ (ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ (5-10)ɯ10^-6 1/ɝɪɚɞ; ɩɨɥɢɷɫɬɟɪɚ (110-300) ɯ10^-6 1/ɝɪɚɞ, ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚ (10-12)ɯ10^-6 1/ɝɪɚɞ; ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨ-ɩɟɫɱɚɧɨɣ ɫɬɹɠɤɢ 12,8 ɯ10^-6 1/ɝɪɚɞ; ɛɢ-ɬɭɦɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ (5-150) ɯ10^-6 1/ɝɪɚɞ; ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ (80-1000) ɯ10^-6 1/ɝɪɚɞ.). Ɋɚɡɧɨɟ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɶɸ ɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɨɬɪɵ-ɜɭ ɢ ɩɨɬɟɪɟ ɫɩɥɨɲɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɨɹ,ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɢ ɤ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɸ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ [2]

ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ (2004ɝ.)ɩɨ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭ ɤɪɨɜɟɥɶ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧ-ɧɵɟ ɫ Ɇɨɫɠɢɥɢɧɫɩɟɤɰɢɟɣ,ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɸɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɦɚɫɬɢɤɢ ɫ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɢɦɵ-ɤɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ:ɛɢɬɭɦɧɨ-ɤɚɭɱɭɤɨɜɵɟ ɬɢɩɚ ȻɋɄɆ,ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɨɬ ɭɥɶɬɪɚɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɵɯ ɥɭɱɟɣ, ɢɥɢ ɷɥɚɫɬɨɦɟɪɧɵɟ ɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɚɫɬɢɤɢ, ɧɟ ɧɭɠɞɚɸ-ɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɨɬ ɍɎ.ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɵɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɤɪɨɜɟɥɶ ɦɚɫ-ɬɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚɦɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫ-ɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ.

ɉɪɢ ɜɫɟɦ ɦɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɢ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢɯ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɞɜɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ: ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ (ɪɭɥɨɧɧɵɟ- ɨɤɥɟɟɱɧɵɟ, ɛɚɥɥɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ;

ɨɛɦɚɡɨɱɧɵɟ ɲɬɭɤɚɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɢ ɧɚɥɢɜɧɵɟ;ɨɤɪɚɫɨɱɧɵɟ;ɫɜɚɪɧɵɟ)ɢɩɪɨɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬ-ɜɢɹ (ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɵɪɶɹ).ȼ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɝɨɪɨɞɚɯ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɟ ɛɟɡɪɭɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɨɜɟɥɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɟ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɟɥɶ.

Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ (ɉɟɧɟɬɪɨɧ, Ⱥɤɜɚɬɪɨɧ,Ʌɚɯɬɚ ɢ ɞɪ.)ɭɫɬɪɚɧɹɸɬ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ: ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɹ ɩɥɨɬɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬ-ɧɭɸ ɩɥɟɧɤɭ,ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬ ɫɚɦɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɟɦɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɧɟɫɨ-ɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ - ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ. ɉɪɢ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɟɬɨɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɬ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɮɢɡɢɤɨ-ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ,ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɦɚɥɨɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɟ ɢ ɧɟɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɟ ɧɢ-ɬɟɜɢɞɧɵɟ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ,ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɟ (ɤɚɥɶɦɚɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ) ɦɢɤɪɨ-ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ, ɩɨɪɵ ɢ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɵ ɛɟɬɨɧɚ. ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɫɦɨɫɚ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɪɚɡɧɢɰɵ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɩɨɪɵ ɛɟɬɨɧɚ ɢ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɫɤɨɩɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ,ɬɪɟɳɢɧ,ɩɨɪ ɢ ɩɭɫɬɨɬ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɪɚɫ-ɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɦɢ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɨɝɢɞɪɚɬɚɦɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɟɧɟɬɪɨɧɚ ɫɨ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɦ ɤɚɥɶɰɢɟɦ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɦɧɹ ɛɟɬɨɧɚ.Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɛɟɬɨɧɚ ɨɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜ ɧɟɦ ɨɫɦɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ - ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɝɢɞɪɚɬɚ ɨɤɢɫɢ ɤɚɥɶɰɢɹ.Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɛɟɥɢɬɨɜɵɟ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɢɥɢ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɫ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɦɢɧɟ-ɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɞɨɛɚɜɤɚɦɢ,ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɦɢ Ca(OH)2 ɜ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ. Ɋɚɡ-ɜɢɬɢɟ ɨɫɦɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɧɭɥɹ ɞɨ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦɚ ɜ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢ ɨɬ ɦɚɤɫɢ-ɦɭɦɚ ɞɨ ɧɭɥɹ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨ-ɫɭɯɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɛɟɬɨɧ, ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɭɜɥɚɠ-ɧɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɜɵɫɭɲɢɜɚɧɢɸ. [3]

ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ (ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɫɨ-ɫɬɚɜɚ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɬ ɫ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɛɟɬɨɧɚ) ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɢɫ-ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ,ɝɞɟ ɧɟɬ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɵɯ ɰɢɤɥɨɜ ɡɚɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɬɬɚɢɜɚɧɢɹ.Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɷɬɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɢɧɜɟɪɫɢɨɧɧɵɯ

ɤɪɨɜ-ɥɹɯ,ɝɞɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧ ɬɟɩɥɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɫɥɨɟɦ ɢɡ ɧɟ-ɧɚɛɭɯɚɸɳɢɯ ɜɥɚɝɨɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɬɢɩɚ ɷɤɫɩɚɧɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɫɬɢɪɨɥɚ ɫ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɵɦɢ ɦɟɥɤɢɦɢ ɩɨɪɚɦɢ.Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ,ɢɧɜɟɪɫɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɤɪɨɜɥɢ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɩɨ ɨɫɨɛɨɦɭ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ.ȼ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɚɯ ɢ ɩɭɫɬɨɬɚɯ ɜɨɞɚ ɡɚɦɟɪ-ɡɚɟɬ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɧɢɠɟ 0⁰ɋ,ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɵ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ,ɩɨɧɢɠɚɸɳɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ. ȼ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɚɯ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ 10^-5 ɫɦ ɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɜɨɞɚ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɟɬ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɧɢɠɟ –25⁰ɋ.Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɟ ɜ ɥɟɞ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɧɚ 9 %.,ɜɵɡɵɜɚɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ. ɉɪɢ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɢ ɜɥɚɝɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɟ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɟ ɩɨɪɵ ɫɥɭɠɚɬ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɲɢ-ɪɟɧɢɹ ɜɥɚɝɢ ɜ ɦɟɥɤɢɯ ɩɨɪɚɯ ɢ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɚɯ.ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɩɨɪɢɫɬɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɦɨɪɨɡɨɫɬɨɣɤɢ.Ɇɧɨɝɨɤɪɚɬɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ, ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɧɭɥɶ,ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ,ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɟɳɢɧ ɢ ɡɧɚ-ɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ.

Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɥɶɞɚ ɜ ɩɨɪɚɯ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɟ,ɬ.ɟ. dPȼ= dP_Ʌ,ɬɨ (Q d T) /T = (Vȼ– VɅ) d P (1)

ɝɞɟ Q ɫɤɪɵɬɚɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɚ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɥɶɞɚ, 3,35 ^. 10⁵Ⱦɀ/ɤɝ;Ɍ – ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ, 273⁰ɋ; Vȼ,VɅ – ɭɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɥɶɞɚ,ɦ³; dPȼ,

dPɅ – ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɥɶɞɚ,ɉɚ.

ȿɫɥɢ ɡɚɞɚɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ,ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɶ ɬɨ ɞɚɜɥɟ-ɧɢɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɡɚɦɟɪɲɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɧɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ. ɉɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɣɬɢ,ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɧɚ 1 ⁰ɋ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɪɚɯ ɦɚ-ɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɛɟɬɨɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ d P = 1,347 ^.10⁷ɉɚ (135 ɤɝ/ɫɦ²). ɋɥɟɞɨ-ɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ,ɩɪɢ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɞɨ –20⁰ɋ ɜ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɟ, ɩɨɪɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɧɨ-ɫɬɶɸ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɜɨɞɨɣ,ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ,ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɥɶɞɚ,ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬ 2,7 ^. 10⁸ɉɚ (2700 ɤɝ/ɫɦ²). Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɜɨɞɚ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɟɬ ɢɡ ɩɨɪ,ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɥɟɞ,ɟɟ ɞɚɜ-ɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɧɭɥɸ.Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɥɶɞɚ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ.Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨ-ɝɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɬ ɜɢɞ

(Q d T) /T = – VɅ d P (2)

ɉɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɧɚ dT = 1⁰ɋ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ dP / dT = 1,13 ^. 10⁶ɉɚ (11,3 ɤɝ/ɫɦ²). Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ,ɩɪɢ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɞɨ –20⁰ɋ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɬ 2,26 ^. 10⁷ɉɚ (226 ɤɝ/ɫɦ²).ȼ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɭɜ-ɥɚɠɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɛɟɬɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɡɧɚɤɨɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɯ ɨɬɥɢɱɟɧ ɨɬ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɲɟ,ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɭɫɢɥɢɹ,ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɪɨ-ɰɟɫɫɨɜ,ɫɨɢɡɦɟɪɢɦɵ ɫ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɯ.Ɋɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɛɟɬɨɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɠɟɥɟɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚ-ɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɬɬɚɢɜɚɡɚɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚ-ɧɢɹ ɜɥɚɝɢ,ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɟɣɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɪɚɯ ɢ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɚɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ.

ɇɚ ɞɨɥɝɨɜɟɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɟɬɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɭɩɨɦɹɧɭɬɵɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɜɥɚɠɧɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɵɫɵɯɚɧɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɞɚɠɟ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚ-ɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɫɵɯɚɧɢɢ ɜɥɚɝɚ ɢɡ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɫɩɚɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɢɡ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɩɨɪ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɢɡ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɦɟɥɤɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ. ȼ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨ ɫɭɯɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɚɹ,ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɢ ɚɞɫɨɪɛɢɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟ-ɧɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢɫɩɚɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɢɡ ɬɟɥɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ.ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɩɟɪɟ-ɫɬɚɸɬ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɫɤɥɢɧɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɜ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɬ ɡɧɚ-ɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɚɞɤɢ.

Ʉɚɤ ɜɢɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɜɵɲɟɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ,ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɤɪɨɜɥɹɯ ɧɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ.

ɉɨ ɨɩɵɬɭ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɛɟɡɪɭɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɨɜɟɥɶ ɜ ɝ.Ɇɨɫɤɜɟ ɥɭɱɲɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɞɨɫ-ɬɢɝɧɭɬɵ ɩɪɢ ɨɤɥɟɣɤɟ ɢɯ ɪɭɥɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɛɢɬɭɦɧɨ-ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɦɢ, ɷɥɚɫɬɨɦɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɬɟɪɦɨɩɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ.Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɦɚɫɬɢɤɢ ɬɢɩɚ ɤɨɟɥɚɧɚ, ɜɭɥ-ɤɚɧɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɦɨɧɨɥɢɬɧɭɸ ɩɥɟɧɤɭ.

ɉɪɢ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɨɫɨ-ɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɹɪɭɫɚ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɪɚɠɚ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɋɭɞɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɭɱɟɫɬɶ ɪɹɞ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ (ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɹ; ɩɪɢ-ɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɨ 3ɦɦ, ɬ.ɤ. ɜ ɝɚɪɚɠɟ ɢɦɟ-ɥɢɫɶ ɨɬɫɟɱɧɵɟ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɵɟ ɜɨɪɨɬɚ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɤɨɣ,ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɥɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɬɨɥ-ɳɢɧɭ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ;ɧɚɥɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɵ ɝɚɪɚɠɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ;

ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɡɚɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɬɪɟɳɢɧ ɢ ɬɪɟɳɢɧ ɫ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ,ɧɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɵɯ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɥ ɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɨɣ ɩɭɞɪɨɣ ɫ ɨɬɜɟɪɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ Rock Chape). ɉɨɷɬɨ-ɦɭ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ,ɫɨɱɟɬɚɸɳɢɟ ɜ ɫɟɛɟ ɜɫɟ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɜɟɪɯ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɨɜ,ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ,ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨ-ɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ.Ⱥɞɝɟɡɢɹ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɚ ɤ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɲɟɪɨɯɨ-ɜɚɬɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ (ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶɸ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ)ɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɨɹ ɥɸɛɨ-ɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɥɚɬɟɤɫɚ (ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɨɬɫɥɨɢɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ).Ɍɪɟɳɢɧɵ,ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɡɚɞɟɥɚɧɵ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɤɨɦ,ɦɨɝɭɬ ɹɜɥɹɬɶ-ɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ. ȿɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸ-ɳɢɦ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɭɸ ɚɞɝɟɡɢɸ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɚ ɤ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɸ,ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɧɚɥɢɜɧɨ-ɝɨ ɩɨɥɚ ɞɪɨɛɟɫɬɪɭɣɧɵɦɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɦɢ.Ɉɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɚɥɦɚɡɧɵɦɢ (ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɦɢ)ɮɪɟɡɚɦɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɤɚɤ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ, ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɦɚɹ ɞɨ ɞɪɨɛɟɫɬɪɭɣɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɟɪɨɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ-ɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɚ.Ⱦɪɨɛɟɫɬɪɭɣɧɚɹ ɠɟ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɞɚɟɬ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɭɸ ɲɟɪɨɯɨɜɚɬɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɜɟɪɯ-ɧɨɫɬɢ,ɦɧɨɝɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ,ɭɞɚɥɹɟɬ ɩɥɟɧɤɭ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɥɨɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɧɚɠɚɟɬ ɡɟɪɧɚ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ,ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɚɞɝɟ-ɡɢɸ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɜɵɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɤɪɵɬɵɟ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ ɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɵ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ɇɟɩɨɞ-ɜɢɠɧɵɟ ɭɫɚɞɨɱɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɪɚɫɲɢɜɤɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɦɨɧɨɥɢɱɟɧɵ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɦ ɤɨɦɩɚɭɧɞɨɦ.

ɂɡ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ,ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɹɸɳɢɯ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɩɨ ɫɨɜɦɟɫ-ɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟɦ ɫ ɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɨɣ ɩɭɞɪɨɣ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɣ, ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸ-ɳɢɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ:

1.Ɏɢɪɦɵ ESP – ɞɜɭɯɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɷɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɵɟ ESP 2106L, ESP LS, ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɚ ɝɚɪɚɠɟɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɵ,ɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɟɫɤɨɦ,ɚ ɢɯ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ 4-6ɦɦ,ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ.Ɍɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɨɱɢɳɟɧɢɹ:ɞɪɨɛɟɫɬɪɭɣɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɚ-ɧɢɹ,ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɹ,ɬɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ,ɮɪɟɡɟɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ.

2.Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɉɨɥɢɚɥ-ɉɨɥɢɮɥɭɪ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ 3-5ɦɦ

3.ɗɥɚɤɨɪ ɉɍ ɮɢɪɦɵ Ɍɷɨɏɢɦ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɥɢɭɪɟɬɚɧɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɛɟɬɨɧ ɫ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɦɢ ɩɨɪɚɦɢ,ɱɬɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɭɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨ-ɫɬɢ

4.ɗɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɨɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ Ⱥɫɚɞɭɪ Ⱦ2Ⱥɫɚɞɭɪ ȼ351ɮɢɪɦɵ Schomburg

5. Moisture cure urethane - Ʌɚɤ ɩɨɥɢɭɪɟɬɚɧɨɜɵɣ,ɨɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɦɵɣ ɜɥɚɝɨɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ

6.Ʉɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɩɨɥɚ ɉɈɅɂɉɅȺɇ® ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɮɢɪɦɵ Huntsman-NMG (ɏɚɧɬɫɦɚɧ-ɇɆȽ).ɗɬɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɫɨɜɦɟɳɚɟɬ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɫɥɨɣ

ɩɨɥɢɭɪɟɬɚ-ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɚɭɧɞɚ ɉɈɅɂɉɅȺɇ® 1001, ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɜɚɪɰɟɜɵɦ ɩɟɫɤɨɦ,ɢ ɥɢɰɟɜɨɣ ɫɥɨɣ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɷɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɉɈɅɂɉɅȺɇ® 206. ɉɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɮɚɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɫ ɩɥɚɜɧɨɣ ɲɟɪɨɯɨɜɚɬɨɫɬɶɸ.Ɍɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 2,5–

3ɦɦ.

7. ɗɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɚɭɧɞ ɮɢɪɦɵ"ɉɟɧɬɚɥɚɤ" ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɲɩɚɬɥɟɜɤɢ- ɝɪɭɧɬɚ ɗɉ-ɏɋ-0050 ɢ ɷɦɚɥɢ ɏɋ-1169 (ɠɢɞɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɤɚ)ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ «Ɋɟɤɨ-ɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹɦ ɩɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɩɨɥɨɜ» ȺɈ «ɐɇɂɂɉɊɈɆɁȾȺɇɂɃ» ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɣ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɫɥɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɝɢ

8.ɉɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɵ LatexFalt ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ,ɧɨ ɜ ɩɚɪɤɢɧɝɚɯ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɧɚɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɩɟɫɤɨɦ,ɱɬɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ ɞɨ 15-20ɦɦ.

9.ɗɩɨɥɚɫɬ Ⱥɤɜɚ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɷɩɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɨɥɹɰɢɢ ɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɬɨɥ-ɳɢɧɭ 2ɦɦ

10.ɉɨɥɢɭɰɪɟɬɚɧɨɜɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɇɟɨɦɟɪ-ɇɉ, ɗɥɚɫɬ ɉɍ, ɉɪɨɬɟɤɫɢɥ, ɉɨɥɢɮɥɟɤɫ, ɉɨ-ɥɢɦɟɪɫɬɨɭɧ-1, ɉɨɥɢɌɟɤ ɉɍ, Ɍɨɩɢɧɝ ɉɨɥ 205ɉɍ,ɷɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɵɣ Ɍɨɩɢɧɝ ɉɨɥ 205ɋ ɞɥɹ ɩɚɪɤɢɧɝɨɜ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɭɸ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ 10-20ɦɦ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɫɤɨɦ.

11.ɗɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ Ɍɨɪɝɢɧɨɥ TORGINOL EPOX-LK ɢ EC ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɩɨɜɵ-ɲɟɧɧɭɸ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ ɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɢ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɤ.

12.ɉɨɥɢɭɪɟɬɚɧɨɜɨ-ɷɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɵɣ ɧɟɦɟɰɤɢɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɍɪɟɩɥɟɧ ɉɨɥ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ 1-3ɦɦ,ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɞɪɨɛɟɫɬɪɭɣɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ.

13. ɗɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ Viscacid Beschichtung OS ɮɢɪɦɵ REMMERS, ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢ-ɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɫɤɨɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ 5-8ɦɦ.

ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɮɢɪɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɩɨɥɨɜ,ɷɬɨ Monile, Monopur, Bostik, Qeshfloor, Uzin Utz AG, ɇɟɨɫɬɪɨɹ.

Ʉɚɤ ɜɢɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɩɚɪɤɢɧɝɨɜ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ, ɬɨɧɤɢɦɢ,ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɛɟɫɲɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɥɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɵ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨ-ɥɢɭɪɟɬɚɧɨɜɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɷɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɵɯ ɫɦɨɥ.ɗɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɷɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɵɯ ɫɦɨɥ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɪɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɉɗɉȺ (ɩɨɥɢɷɬɢɥɟɧɩɨɥɢɚɦɢɧ) ɢ ɌɗɌȺ (ɬɪɢɷɬɢɥɟɧɬɟɬɪɚɚɦɢɧ), ɷɬɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɬɨɣɤɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɵ, ɚ ɩɨɥɢɭɪɟɬɚɧɨɜɵɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ,ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɤ ɲɢɩɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɲɢɧɚɦ.Ɍɨɧɤɢɦɢ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹɦɢ ɫ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ ɞɨ 3ɦɦ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ:

1.ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ, ɩɪɢɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɸ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ: ɷɩɨɤɫɢɞɧɨ-ɩɨɥɢɭɪɟɬɚɧɨɜɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɚɭɧɞ ɉɟɤɬɚɥɚɤ (ɢɥɢ ɗɩɨɥɚɫɬ Ⱥɤɜɚ,ɢɥɢ ɍɪɟɩɥɟɧ ɉɨɥ).ɉɟɪɟɞ ɢɯ ɧɚ-ɧɟɫɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɪɨɛɟɫɬɪɭɣɧɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ,ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɟ,ɪɚɫɲɢɜɤɚ ɬɪɟɳɢɧ, ɧɟɧɟɫɟ-ɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɚɭɧɞɚ ɉɟɤɬɚɥɚɤ.Ɋɚɫɲɢɜɤɚ ɬɪɟɳɢɧ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢ-ɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ ɩɟɤɬɚɥɚɤɨɦ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɚɞɝɟɡɢɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ.

2.ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɧɟɬɪɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɨɛɦɚɡɨɱɧɨɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ ɢɡ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɬɢɩɚ ɉɟɧɟ-ɬɪɨɧ (ɗɜɨɥɢɬ,Ʉɚɪɚɬ ɢ ɞɪ), ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟɦ ɛɟɫɲɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɗɥɚɤɨɪ ɉɍ (ɢɥɢ ɉɨɥɢɩɥɚɧ).

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ,ɜɵɛɢɪɚɹ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɸ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɱɢ-ɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢ-ɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɯ ɢ ɭɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ.

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ

1.ɋɨɤɨɜɚ ɋ.Ⱦ.,Ʌɹɩɢɧ ȼ.ɘ.,Ɏɨɦɢɧɚ Ʌ.Ƚ.Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɛɟɡɪɭɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɨɜɟɥɶ, ɂɧɮɨɪ-ɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɠɭɪɧɚɥ «Ʉɪɨɜɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɢ ɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ», «ɋɬɪɨɢ-ɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ,ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɏɏ1ɜɟɤɚ», ʋ 2 2006, ɫɬɪ.14-19,ʋ3

2.ɋɨɤɨɜɚ ɋ.Ⱦ.ɍɱɟɬ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɥɨɟɜ - ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɤɪɨɜɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ»Ȼɸɥɥɟɬɟɧɶ«Ʌɢɰɟɧɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɜ Ɇɨɫɤɜɟ»,ʋ3,ɚɩɪɟɥɶ 1999, ɫɬɪ.23-24 3.ɋɨɤɨɜɚ ɋ.Ⱦ.,Ʌɹɩɢɧ ȼ.ɘ.»ɉɪɢɱɢɧɵ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɟɣ-ɫɬɜɢɹ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɥɹɯ», ɠ.ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɪɛɢɬɚ , ʋ2-3, ɦɚɪɬ 2006ɝ., ɫɬɪ.28-29

The literature

1. Sokova S.D., Lyapin V. Ju, Fomina L.G.Osobennosti of repair ɛɟɡɪɭɥɨɧɧɵɯ roofs, Information scientific and technical magazine «Roofing and ɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ materials», to. «Building materials, the equipment and technologies ɏɏ1 of a century», ʋ 2 2006, p. 14-19, ʋ3

2.ɋɨɤɨɜɚ S.D.account of compatibility of waterproofing courses - a quality assurance of roofing works

"Bulletin" building Licensing in Moscow », ʋ3, April 1999, p. 23-24

3. Sokova S.D., Lyapin V. Ju »the Reasons of restriction of application of materials of getting action in roofs». A building orbit, ʋ2-3, March 2006ɝ., p. 28-29

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ:ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶ,ɛɟɡɪɭɥɨɧɧɵɟ ɤɪɨɜɥɢ,ɪɟɦɨɧɬ,ɞɨɥɝɨɜɟɱɧɨɫɬɶ,ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ, ɬɟɪ-ɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ, ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɹ,ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ,ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ.

Keywords: compatibility, ɛɟɡɪɭɥɨɧɧɵɟ roofs, repair, durability, reliability, thermal expansion, a wa-terproofing, pressure,ɨperation.

E-mail ɚɜɬɨɪɚ:[email protected] Ɋɟɰɟɧɡɟɧɬ : Ƚɪɨɡɚɜ ȼɚɫɢɥɢɣ ɂɜɚɧɨɜɢɱ,ɤ.ɬ.ɧ,ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ,Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪ-ɫɢɬɟɬ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɨɨɛɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ,ɡɚɜɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɨɣ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɚɪ-ɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ

ɗɄɈɅɈȽɂɑȿɋɄɈȿ ȼɈɁȾȿɃɋɌȼɂȿ ȽɈɊɈȾɋɄɈɃ ɋɊȿȾɕ ɇȺ ɄɈɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɂ ɇȺȼȿɋɇɕɏ ȼȿɇɌɂɅɂɊɍȿɆɕɏ ɎȺɋȺȾɈȼ

THE ECOLOGICAL INFLUENCE OF THE CITY ENVIRONMENT