エージェントベースシミュレータを用いた感性パラメタを持つ経営組織のシミュレーション

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(1)2006−IS−98（6） 2006／11／6. 社団法人情報処理学会研究報告 IPSJ SIG Technical Report. 䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䉕↪䈇䈢 ᗵᕈ䊌䊤䊜䉺䉕ᜬ䈧⚻༡⚵❱䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮 ᧛਄㩷㓉↢㪁㪈㪁㪉㪃㩷㩷ᏓᎹ㩷ඳ჻㪁㪈㪃㩷㩷ᄢ⼱㩷Პ㪁㪊㩷㪁㪈㩷㩷 ጤᚻ⋵┙ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮㩷䉸䊐䊃䉡䉢䉝ᖱႎቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㪃㩷㩿ᩣ㪀㩷䉣䉟䉣䉴䉡䉞䊮䊄䉡㪃㩷㪁㪊 ାᎺᄢቇ ❫⛽ቇㇱ ᗵᕈᎿቇ⑼. 㪁㪉㩷㩷. ᭎ⷐ䋺 ᭎ⷐ䋺 ⚵❱䈱ㆇ༡䈲᭽䇱䈭ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈮䉋䉍ⴕ䉒䉏䉎䇯ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈱ᣇᴺ䈲⚵❱䈱ⷙᮨ䋯ᒻᑼ䇮್ᢿ䈱ᣇᴺ䈪᭽䇱ሽ࿷䈜䉎䈏䇮䈠䉏䈡䉏䈱⚵❱䈪䈲䈭䉖䉌䈎䈱ᚻᲑ䈪ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䉕ⴕ䈇ㆇ༡䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷䈖䈱ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈏⚵❱䈱ᚑᨐ䉕Ꮐฝ䈜䉎ᄢ ੐䈭䊒䊨䉶䉴䈪䈅䉎䈱䈮㑐䉒䉌䈝䇮ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈱⹏ଔ䈲ᚑᨐ䈎䉌䈱ㅒᒁ䈐⹏ଔ䈏ᄢඨ䈪䈅䉍䇮ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈱䊒䊨䉶䉴⥄૕䈱 ⹏ଔ䈲䈅䉁䉍ሽ࿷䈚䈭䈇䇯䈖䈱䈢䉄䇮䈅䉎⚵❱䈏䈅䉎ᚑᨐ䉕ዉ䈐಴䈜㓙䇮⚵❱ౝ䈱䉮䊚䊠䊆䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈏䈬䉏⒟ᚑᨐ䈮ᓇ 㗀䉕ਈ䈋䉎䈎ᬌ⸽䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱⚵❱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈱⠨ኤ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯 ⚵❱䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕䉮䊮䊏䊠䊷䉺਄䈪ⴕ䈉䈮䈲䊝䊂䊦䈱⸥ㅀ䈫䈠䉏䈮䉅䈦䈫䉅ㆡ䈚䈢䉸䊐䊃䉡䉢䉝䉕ㆬᛯ䈜䉎ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䇯 ᧄ⺰ᢥ䈪䈲⚻༡⚵❱䈏䉣䊮䊁䉞䊁䉞䈫䈠䈱㑆䈱㑐ଥ䈮䉋䈦䈩⸥ㅀ䈪䈐䉎䈫઒ቯ䈚䈢䉅䈫䈪䇮䈠䉏䉕䉮䊮䊏䊠䊷䉺䉸䊐䊃䉡䉢䉝䈮䉋䈦䈩ታ⃻䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱ᣇ╷䉕⠨ኤ䈜䉎䇯. Simulation of business administration by using an agent-based simulator with KANSEI parameters Ryuusei Murakami*1*2, Hiroshi Nunokawa*1, and Tsuyoshi Ohtani*3, *1. Iwate Prefectural University, Graduate School of Software and Information Science, ASWINDOW, Inc., *3 Shinshu University, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology. *2. Abstract: Organizations such as companies, sections, and teams are managed by various decisions. Though the decisionmaking is an important process that controls the operation of an organization, process evaluation of decision-making has not been seriously studied. Therefore, we propose an organization simulator, to verify that communications in an organization influence results of the decision. In considering the simulation, the target is defined as ”a discussion in a Board of Directors regarding investment in some firm”. We have developed a simulator for this problem.. 㩷㩷㪈㪅㩷㩷㪈㪅㩷㩷䈲䈛䉄䈮㩷䈲䈛䉄䈮㩷. 䈩ታ⃻䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱ᣇ╷䉕⠨ኤ䈜䉎䇯㩷ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈮䈍䈔䉎䊒䊨䉶䉴䉕䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䊃䈜䉎䈖䈫䈪⚵❱䈱ㆇ༡䊥䉴䉪䈱 ೥ᷫ෸䈶䇮⚵❱䈮䈍䈔䉎ല₸⊛䈭䉫䊦䊷䊏䊮䉫䈱ឭ᩺ 䈏น⢻䈮䈭䉎䈫⠨䈋䉌䉏䉎䇯㩷㩷 ᧄ⺰ಽ䈱᭴ᚑ䈫䈚䈩䇮㪉 ┨䈪ડᬺ⚻༡䈫ᗵᕈ䈮䈧䈇䈩䈱ᬌ⸽䇮㪊 ┨䈪ᧄ⺰ಽ䈪䈱⠨ኤ䈱䉅䈫䈫䈭䉎䊝䊂䊦䈮䈧䈇䈩䈱⸃⺑䉕ⴕ䈇䇮㪋 ┨䈪✢ᒻ䉲䉴䊁䊛䈮ኻ䈜䉎⠨ ኤ෸䈶䇮ᣢሽ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺਄䈪䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈇䇮⚻༡⚵❱䉕䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈜䉎਄䈪ᦨ ㆡ䈭䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈮㑐䈜䉎⠨ኤ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯. ⚵❱䋨ડᬺ䇮䉶䉪䉲䊢䊮䇮䉼䊷䊛╬䋩䈱ㆇ༡䈲᭽䇱䈭 ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈮䉋䉍ⴕ䉒䉏䉎䇯㩷ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈱ᣇᴺ䈲⚵❱䈱 ⷙᮨ䋯ᒻᑼ䇮್ᢿ䈱ᣇᴺ䈪᭽䇱ሽ࿷䈜䉎䈏䇮䈠䉏䈡䉏䈱⚵❱䈪䈲䈭䉖䉌䈎䈱ᚻᲑ䈪ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䉕ⴕ䈇ㆇ༡䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷䈖䈱ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈏⚵❱䈱ᚑᨐ䉕Ꮐฝ䈜䉎ᄢ੐䈭䊒䊨䉶䉴䈪䈅䉎䈱䈮㑐䉒䉌䈝䇮ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈱⹏ଔ䈲ᚑᨐ 䈎䉌䈱ㅒᒁ䈐⹏ଔ䈏ᄢඨ䈪䈅䉍䇮ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈱䊒䊨䉶䉴 ⥄૕䈱⹏ଔ䈲䈅䉁䉍ሽ࿷䈚䈭䈇䇯㩷䈖䈱䈢䉄䇮䈅䉎⚵❱䈏䈅䉎ᚑᨐ䋨ᚑᨐ‛䇮䉝䉟䊂䉞䉝 ╬䋩䉕ዉ䈐಴䈜㓙䇮⚵❱ౝ䈱䉮䊚䊠䊆䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈏䈬䉏 ⒟ᚑᨐ䈮ᓇ㗀䉕ਈ䈋䉎䈎ᬌ⸽䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱⚵❱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈱⠨ኤ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯㩷⚵❱䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕䉮䊮䊏䊠䊷䉺਄䈪ⴕ䈉䈮䈲䊝䊂䊦䈱⸥ㅀ䈫䈠䉏䈮䉅䈦䈫䉅ㆡ䈚䈢䉸䊐䊃䉡䉢䉝䉕ㆬᛯ䈜䉎ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䇯㩷ᧄ⺰ᢥ䈪䈲⚻༡ ⚵❱䈏䉣䊮䊁䉞䊁䉞䈫䈠䈱㑆䈱㑐ଥ䈮䉋䈦䈩⸥ㅀ䈪䈐䉎䈫઒ቯ䈚䈢䉅䈫䈪䇮䈠䉏䉕䉮䊮䊏䊠䊷䉺䉸䊐䊃䉡䉢䉝䈮䉋䈦. 㪉㪅㩷㩷㩷㪉㪅㩷㩷㩷ડᬺ⚻༡ 㩷㩷ડᬺ⚻༡䈫 ડᬺ⚻༡䈫ᗵᕈ㩷 ᗵᕈ㩷 ੐ᬺਥ૕䈪䈅䉎ડᬺ䈏⚻༡䉕ⴕ䈉㓙䈮ᢙᄙ䈒䈱್ᢿ 䈏ⴕ䉒䉏䉎䇯㩷䈠䈱್ᢿ䈲ⶄᢙ䈱ጀ䋨⚻༡ጀ䇮ᛛⴚ⠪ጀ䇮 ༡ᬺጀ╬䋩䈮䈍䈇䈩ⶄᢙ䈱ᣇᴺ䋨䊃䉾䊒䉻䉡䊮䇮ว⼏䇮䈭䉖䈫䈭䈒╬䋩䈪ⴕ䉒䉏䇮䈠䈱⚿ᨐ䈫䈚䈩৻䈧䈱ᣇะᕈ 䉕⷗䈇䈣䈚⚻༡䉕ㅴ䉄䉎䇯㩷䈜䈭䉒䈤䇮್ᢿ䈱⚿ᨐ䈲৻. −39−. 1.

(2) 䈧䈪䈅䉎䈏䇮䈠䈱ㆊ⒟䈪䈲ⶄᢙ䈱ᄙ䈒䈱ㆬᛯ⢇䈏ሽ࿷ 䈚䇮䈬䈱ㆬᛯ䉕ⴕ䈦䈩䈇䈦䈢䈎䈲วℂ⊛䈭್ᢿ䋨ᢙ୯ൻ 䉇㪙㪧㪩䇮㪛㪙䈮䉋䈦䈩್ᢿ䈪䈐䉎䉅䋩䈱䉂䈪䈭䈒䋨䈠䉅䈠䉅ฦጀ䈍䉋䈶ฦጀ㑆䈮䈍䈇䈩౒ㅢℂ⸃䈫䈭䉎วℂᕈ䈏 ሽ࿷䈜䉎䈱䈎䈫⸒䈖䈫⥄૕䈏⇼໧䈪䈲䈅䉎䈏䋩䇮䈭䉖䉌䈎䈱ᗵᕈ䋨วℂ⊛䈮್ᢿ䈪䈐䈭䈇䉅䈱䋩䈏૞↪䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷 ⚻༡⚵❱䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈪ᚒ䇱䈏ⴕ䈇䈢䈇䈖䈫䈲䇮䉅䈚䈖䈱್ᢿ䋨ᗵᕈ⊛䈭䉅䈱䉕฽䉃䋩䉕䈚䈢䉌䋯䈖䈱ⷐ ⚛䋨ᗵᕈ⊛䈭䉅䈱䉕฽䉃䋩䈏䈖䈱䉋䈉䈮૞↪䈚䈢䉌䇮䈖䈉䈇䈉䈖䈫䈏⿠䈖䉍ᓧ䉎䇮䈫䈇䈉䈖䈫䉕䉮䊮䊏䊠䊷䉺䈪䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈚䈩䉂䉎䈖䈫䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷䈖䉏䈮䉋䉍䇮䈅䉌䈎䈛䉄䊥䉴䉪䈮䈧䈇䈩ℂ⸃䈜䉎䈖䈫䉇䇮䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭ⷐ⚛䈏䈖䈱䉋䈉䈮૞↪䈜䉏䈳䈖䈉䈇䈉႐ว䉅䈅䉎䈫䈇䈉੍᷹䉕ⴕ䈉䈖䈫䈏น⢻䈫䈭䉎䇯㩷䈖䉏䈲৻⥸⊛䈮⸒䈋䈳䇮⚵❱䈮䈍䈔䉎ᗵᕈ䈱ᓇ㗀䉇䈅䉎ᗵᕈ䉕䉅䈧ੱ㑆䈱ᓇ㗀䉕䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈪䈐䉎䈖䈫䈪䈅䉍䇮ડᬺ䈮䈍䈔䉎⚵❱㐿⊒䉇ੱ᧚㐿⊒䉕ᡰេ 䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱䉿䊷䊦䈫䈚䈩ᵴ↪䈜䉎䈖䈫䉅น⢻䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷䈘䉌䈮䇮Ꮢ႐䉇ቭ௥⚵❱䇮࿾ၞ䉮䊚䊠䊆䊁䉞䈫䈇䈦䈢䉋䉍ᐢ ▸䈭⚵❱䈮䈍䈇䈩ᗵᕈ䈏䈬䈱䉋䈉䈮ᯏ⢻䈚䈩䈇䉎䈎䈱 ේℂ䉕⸃᣿䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉䈖䈫䈏น ⢻䈫䈭䉎䇯㩷㩷㪉㪅㪉㩷㪉㪅㪉㩷 ᗵᕈ䉕䉅䈧 ᗵᕈ䉕䉅䈧䊝䊂䊦䉕䉅䈧䊝䊂䊦᭴▽ 䊝䊂䊦᭴▽䈱 ᭴▽䈱⹜䉂㩷㩷 ⚻༡⚵❱䈮䈎䈎䉒䉌䈝ᐢ䈒৻⥸⊛䈭ᒻ䈪䈱␠ળ䉲䉴䊁䊛䉇⚵❱䈮䈧䈇䈩䈱⎇ⓥ䉇ಽᨆ䈲ᓥ᧪䈎䉌ⴕ䉒䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷ᚒ䇱䈏᳞䉄䉎ᗵᕈ⚻༡⚵❱䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈫䈲䈖䉏䉌䈱ᨒ⚵䉂䈱ਛ䈪⚻༡⚵❱䈱䊝䊂䊦ൻ䈮䈍䈇䈩ᓧ䉌䉏䈢․ᓽ⊛䈭ὐ䉕⸳ቯ䈚䈢䉅䈱䈪䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉎䇯㩷଀䈋䈳䇮৻⥸䈮⚻༡⚵❱䈲䊏䊤䊚䉾䊄 ဳ䈱㓏ጀ᭴ㅧ䉕ᜬ䈦䈩䈍䉍਄ਅ㑆䈪䈱㑐ଥ䋨㪩㫍䋨㪣㫀㪃㩷㪣㫁䋩㪃㩷㫀㪕㫁䋩䈏ሽ࿷䈚䈩䈇䉎䋨਄ม䈫ㇱਅ䇮ข✦ᓎળ䈫ᧄㇱ㐳ળ ⼏䈭䈬䋩䇯㩷䈫䈫䉅䈮䇮ห䈛㓏ጀ䈱ਛ䈪䉅䈠䉏䉌䈱㑆䈱㑐 ଥ㩷㪩㪿䋨㪣㫁㪃㩷㪣㫁䋩䈏ሽ࿷䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷⃻࿷䇮䊈䉾䊃䊪䊷䉪ဳ䈱 ⚻༡䈏ᐢ䈒⸒䉒䉏䈩䈇䉎䈏䈖䉏䉌䈮䈍䈇䈩䈲䈜䈼䈩䈏䉁䈦䈢䈒䊐䊤䉾䊃䈮⚻༡䉕ⴕ䈦䈩䈇䉎䉒䈔䈪䈲䈭䈇䇯㩷 ᗵᕈ䉕䉅䈧䊝䊂䊦䈱᭴▽䈫䈲એਅ䈱䈖䈫䉕ⴕ䈉䈖䈫䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷⚻༡⚵❱䈮䈍䈔䉎್ᢿ䈏઻䈦䈢୘䇱䈱੐⽎䈮䈍䈇䈩䇮䈠䈱್ᢿ䈮಴⃻䈜䉎ⷐ⚛䋨䉣䊮䊁䉞䊁䉞䋩䉕᛽಴ 䈜䉎䇯㩷䉣䊮䊁䉞䊁䉞䈲න⚐䈮䈲ੱ䈠䉏⥄り䈪䈅䉎䈎䉅䈚䉏䈭䈇䈚䇮ੱ䈱⠨䈋ᣇ䉇ੱ䈱ᓎഀ䈎䉅䈚䉏䈭䈇䇯㩷 ᰴ䈮䇮䈖䈱䉣䊮䊁䉞䊁䉞䉕․ᓽ䈨䈔䈩䈇䉎ዻᕈ䈱᛽಴ 䋨䂾㪔㪓㪘㫋㫉㪄㪈㪃㩷㪘㫋㫉㪄㪉㪃㩷㵺㩷㪃㩷㪘㪸㫋㫉㪄㫅㪕䋩䉕ⴕ䈉䇯㩷䈖䉏䉌䈱ਛ䈮 ૗䉌䈎䈱ᗵᕈ䉕⴫䈜ⷐ⚛䈏䈅䉎䈫ᕁ䉒䉏䉎䇯㩷ᦨᓟ䈮䇮䈖䉏䉌䈱䉣䊮䊁䉞䊁䉞㑆䈮㑐ଥ 㪩㫍䇮㪩㪿䉕ቯ⟵䈜䉎䇯㩷䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈲䉣䊮䊁䉞䉣䉞䈱ዻᕈ䈱୯䈏䈭䉖䉌䈎䈱૞↪䈮䉋䉍ᄌൻ䈚䈢䈫䈐䈮䇮䉲䉴䊁䊛ో૕䈏䈬䈱䉋䈉䈭ᄌൻ䉕䈜䉎䈎䉕⴫␜䈜䉎䈖䈫䈫䈭䉎䇯㩷䉲䉴䊁䊛㐿⊒ 䈱䈢䉄䈮䈲䈖䉏䉌䈱ዻᕈ䈏䈭䈮䈪䈅䉍䇮䈠䈱ቯ⟵ၞ䈫 ୯ၞ䈲૗䈪䈅䉎䈱䈎䇮䉁䈢䇮㪩㫍䇮㪩㪿䉕䈬䈱䉋䈉䈮⸳ቯ 䈜䉎䈱䈎䈭䈬䇮ౕ૕⊛੐଀䈎䉌᛽಴䈜䈼䈐䈖䈫䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷. 㪊㪅㩷㩷㪊㪅㩷㩷ታ⸽ታ㛎㩷 ታ⸽ታ㛎㩷䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕⠨䈋䉎䈮䈅䈢䉍䇮䈠䈱ኻ⽎䈫䈭䉎໧ 㗴䈏ሽ࿷䈚䇮䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈱䊔䊷䉴䈫䈭䉎䊝䊂䊦䈏 ᔅⷐ䈮䈭䉎䇯 ᧄ⺰ಽ䈪䈲⚵❱䈏䈅䉎ᚑᨐ䉕ዉ䈐಴䈜㓙䇮⚵❱ౝ䈱䉮䊚䊠䊆䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈏䈬䉏⒟ᚑᨐ䈮ᓇ㗀䉕 ਈ䈋䉎䈎䉕ᬌ⸽䈚䈢䈇䈱䈪䇮䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮ኻ⽎䈫䈚䈩 ”ข✦ᓎળ䈪䈫䈅䉎ડᬺ䈮ᛩ⾗䈜䉎䈎䈬䈉䈎䈱್ᢿ” 䉕⠨䈋䉎䇯㪊㪅㪈㪅㩷㪅㪈㪅㩷㩷㪅㩷㩷䊝䊂䊦㩷䊝䊂䊦㩷 ”ข✦ᓎળ䈪䈫䈅䉎ડᬺ䈮ᛩ⾗䈜䉎䈎䈬䈉䈎䈱್ᢿ” 䈫䈇䈉໧㗴䉕䊝䊂䊦ൻ䈜䉎䈮䈅䈢䉍䇮ᰴ䈱䋴䈧䈱䊌䊤䊜䊷䉺䉕↪䈇䈩໧㗴䈱䊝䊂䊦ൻ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯 P䋺䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䊝䊂䊦䈮ᛩ౉䈜䉎໧㗴ᖱႎ C(i) 䋺䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 i 䈏ᜬ䈧ዻᕈᖱႎ 䋨P 䈮ኻ䈜䉎ℂ ⸃ജ) C (i )‫ޓ‬ =‫ޓ‬ (C (i )1 , ‫ޓ‬C (i ) 2 , ‫ޓ‬ ..., C (i ) n ) n㧦ዻᕈᖱႎߩᢙ. Rv(i) 䋺䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 i 䈏ᜬ䈧਄ਅ㑐ଥᖱႎ Rv(i )‫ޓ‬ =‫ޓ‬ ( Rv(i ) j , ‫ޓ‬ Rv(i ) k , ‫ޓ‬ ..., Rv(i ) n ) j, k ,..., n㧦ࡕ࠺࡞ౝߦሽ࿷ߔࠆฦࠛ࡯ࠫࠚࡦ࠻. Rh(i) 䋺䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 i 䈏ᜬ䈧ฦ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈻䈱ⷫኒᐲ Rh(i )‫ޓ‬ =‫ޓ‬ ( Rh(i) j , ‫ޓ‬ Rh (i ) k , ‫ޓ‬ ..., Rh(i ) n ) j, k ,..., n㧦ࡕ࠺࡞ౝߦሽ࿷ߔࠆฦࠛ࡯ࠫࠚࡦ࠻. ᦨᓟ䈮䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈱⚿ᨐ䈫䈚䈩಴ജ䈘䉏䉎䉅䈱䉕 R 䈫䈜䉎䇯 R‫ޓ‬ =‫ޓ‬ ( R1 , R2 , ‫ޓ‬ ..., Rn ) n㧦ዻᕈᖱႎߩᢙ. 䈖䈱䊝䊂䊦䈮䈍䈔䉎䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮ኻ⽎䈏㩷㵱ข✦ᓎ ળ䈪䈫䈅䉎ડᬺ䈮ᛩ⾗䈜䉎䈎䈬䈉䈎䈱್ᢿ㵱㩷䈪䈅䉎䈢䉄䇮໧㗴ᖱႎ䉕⴫䈜䊌䊤䊜䊷䉺䈪䈅䉎㩷P㩷䉕ᛩ⾗ኻ⽎వ 䈱⽷ോ⁁ᴫ䇮ᛩ⾗ኻ⽎వ䈏ᜬ䈧⾗↥㩷㩿ᛛⴚജ㪀䇮ᛩ⾗䈮ኻ䈜䉎⠨䈋ᣇ㩷㩿䊈䉧䊁䉞䊑㪆䊘䉳䊁䉞䊑㪀㩷䈫⸳ቯ䈜䉎䇯㩷䈖䉏䈮䉋䉍䇮ฦ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 i㩷䈏ᜬ䈧㩷ዻᕈᖱႎ㩷C(i)㩷䈲 ᛩ⾗ኻ⽎వ䈱⽷ോ⁁ᴫ䈮ኻ䈜䉎್ᢿ⢻ജ䇮ᛩ⾗ኻ⽎ వ䈏ᜬ䈧⾗↥㩷㩿ᛛⴚജ㪀䈮ኻ䈜䉎್ᢿ⢻ജ䇮ᛩ⾗䈮ኻ 䈜䉎⠨䈋ᣇ䈫⸳ቯ䈘䉏䉎䇯㩷ฦ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 i㩷㩷䈏ᜬ䈧ዻ ᕈᖱႎ㩷C(i)㩷㪃㩷㩷਄ਅ㑐ଥ㩷Rv(i)㪃㩷㩷ᣂኒᐲ㩷Rh(i)㩷෸䈶䇮㩷໧ 㗴ᖱႎ㩷P㩷䉕㩷࿑ 㪈䈱䉋䈉䈮⸳ቯ䈚䇮䈖䈱ᓟ䈱⺑᣿䉕ⴕ䈉䇯㩷. −40− 2.

(3) ⎛ ⎞ P1 × 100 P2 × 100 P3 × 100 ⎟⎟ ‫ޓ‬ ‫ޓ‬ ‫ޓ‬ E ( A) = ⎜⎜ ,‫ޓ‬ ,‫ޓ‬ ⎝ 100+ (100 − C (i )1 ) 100+ (100 − C (i ) 2 ) 100+ (100 − C (i ) 3 ) ⎠ ⎛ ⎞ 0 × 100 0 × 100 0 × 100 ‫ޓޓޓ‬ = ⎜⎜ ‫ޓ‬ ‫ޓ‬ ,‫ޓ‬ ,‫ޓ‬ ⎟⎟ ‫ޓ‬ + − + − 100 + ( 100 − 0 ) 100 ( 100 0 ) 100 ( 100 0 ) ⎝ ⎠ =‫ޓ‬ (‫ޓ‬ 0, ‫ޓ‬ 0, ‫ޓ‬ 0‫ޓ‬ ). ห᭽䈮 E(B), E(C) 䉅ห䈛୯䈮䈭䉎䇯 (2) 䈪䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 i 䈱ᣂኒᐲ Rh(i) 䈮䉋䉍䇮⹏ଔ E(i) 䈱⺞ᢛ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 i 䈏਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 j 䈻 ㅍ䉎⺞ᢛᓟ䈱⹏ଔ䉕 E(i,j) 䈫䈚䇮਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈱ត ⚝䈲 RV(i) 䉕↪䈇䈩ⴕ䈉䇯⺞ᢛ䉕ⴕ䈉䈢䉄䈱⹏ଔ㑐ᢙ 䉕ᰴ䈱䉋䈉䈮ቯ⟵䈜䉎䇯 E ( i ) n × 100 E (i , j ) n = ‫ޓ‬ 100 + (100 − Rh ( i ) j ). ࿑ 㪈㩷㩷଀㗴㩷㩷଀㗴䈱 ଀㗴䈱䊝䊂䊦㩷䊝䊂䊦㩷. Rh(i) j ߪ ࠛ࡯ࠫࠚࡦ࠻ j ߦኻߔࠆࠛ࡯ࠫࠚࡦ࠻i ߩ Rhߣߔࠆ. ⸳ቯ䈘䉏䈢໧㗴㩷P㩷䈱ᗧ๧䈲䇮ᛩ⾗ኻ⽎ડᬺ䈱⽷ോ ⁁ᴫ䈲ᦨᖡ䇮ᛛⴚജ䉅䈟䉖䈟䉖ή䈒䇮ᛩ⾗䈘䉏䉎䈖䈫䈮 ኻ䈜䉎⠨䈋ᣇ䈲㕖Ᏹ䈮䊈䉧䊁䉞䊑䈫䈇䈉䈖䈫䈮䈭䉎䇯㩷 ⸳ቯ䈘䉏䈢䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪘㩷㩷䈲⽷ോ⁁ᴫ䈮ኻ䈜䉎ℂ⸃ജ 䈲㜞䈒䇮ᛛⴚ䈮ኻ䈜䉎⹏ଔ䉅⊛⏕䇮ᛩ⾗䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮ኻ䈜䉎⠨䈋ᣇ䈲㕖Ᏹ䈮䊘䉳䊁䉞䊑䇮ㇱਅ䈮㩷㪙㪃㩷㪚㩷䈏䈍䉍䇮䈠䉏䈡䉏㕖Ᏹ䈮ା㗬䈚䈩䈇䉎䈫䈇䈉․ᓽ䉕ᜬ䈤䇮㩷䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㩷㪙㪃㩷㪚㩷䈲ห᭽䈮⽷ോ⁁ᴫ䈮ኻ䈜䉎ℂ⸃ജ䈲㜞䈒䇮 ᛛⴚ䈮ኻ䈜䉎⹏ଔ䉅⊛⏕䇮ᛩ⾗䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮ኻ䈜䉎⠨䈋 ᣇ䈲㕖Ᏹ䈮䊘䉳䊁䉞䊑䇮਄ม䈮㩷㪘䈏䈍䉍䇮㕖Ᏹ䈮ା㗬䈚䈩䈇䉎䈫䈇䈉䈖䈫䈮䈭䉎䇯㩷䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭䊝䊂䊦෸䈶䇮⸳ቯ᧦ઙ䈱䉅䈫䈪䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉㓙䈱໧㗴䈱⹏ଔᣇᴺ䉕ਅ⸥䈱㪊䉴䊁䉾䊒䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷 (1). ฦ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 i 䈏໧㗴 P 䈮ኻ䈜䉎⹏ଔ E(i) 䉕⸘ ▚. (3). (2) 䈪⺞ᢛ䈘䉏䈢୯䉕ฃା䈚䈢਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 j 䈲䇮ฃା䈚䈢୯䉕⥄ಽ䈱ᣂኒᐲ Rh(j) 䈮䉋䉍䇮E(i, j) 䈱⺞ᢛ䉕ⴕ䈇䇮ᦝ䈮਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈏ሽ࿷䈜䉎႐ว䈲䇮਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈻ㅍା ((2). 䈻ᚯ䉎)䇮 ਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈏䈇䈭䈇႐ว䈲䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮 ⚿ᨐ䈱⸘▚䉕ⴕ䈇⚳ੌ. 䉋䈦䈩࿑ 㪈㩷㩷䈱଀䈪⸘▚䈚䈩䉂䉎䈫䇮. ⎛ ⎞ E ( B )1 × 100 E ( B) 2 × 100 E ( B)3 × 100 ⎟⎟ ‫ޓ‬ ‫ޓ‬ ‫ޓ‬ E ( B, A) = ⎜⎜ ,‫ޓ‬ ,‫ޓ‬ ⎝ 100+ (100 − Rh( B ) A ) 100+ (100 − Rh( B ) A ) 100+ (100 − Rh( B) A ) ⎠ ⎞ ⎛ 0 × 100 0 × 100 0 × 100 ‫ޓޓޓ‬ ‫ޓ‬ ,‫ޓ‬ ‫ޓ‬ ,‫ޓ‬ = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ ‫ޓ‬ ⎝ 100+ (100 − 0) 100+ (100 − 0) 100+ (100 − 0) ⎠ =‫ޓ‬ (‫ޓ‬ 0, ‫ޓ‬ 0, ‫ޓ‬ 0‫ޓ‬ ). 㩷 ห᭽䈮䇮䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪚㩷䈏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪘㩷䈮વ䈋䉎⹏ଔ 䉅ห䈛୯䈮䈭䉍䇮䈖䈱୯䉕䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪘㩷䈻ㅍା䈜䉎䇯 (3) 䈮䈍䈇䈩䇮(2) 䈪▚಴䈘䉏䈢⹏ଔ୯ E(i,j) 䉕ฃା 䈚䈢਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 j 䈲⥄ಽ䈱ᣂኒᐲ Rh(j) 䈮䉋䉍䇮 ⹏ଔ୯ E(i,j) 䈱⺞ᢛ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯⺞ᢛᓟ䈱⹏ଔ䉕 E(j,i) 䈫䈚䇮⺞ᢛ䉕ⴕ䈉䈢䉄䈱⹏ଔ㑐ᢙ䉕ᰴ䈱䉋䈉䈮ቯ⟵䈜䉎䇯 E ( i , j ) n × 100 E ( j, i) n = ‫ޓ‬ 100 + (100 − Rh ( j ) i ) Rh( j ) i ߪ ࠛ࡯ࠫࠚࡦ࠻ i ߦኻߔࠆࠛ࡯ࠫࠚࡦ࠻ j ߩ Rhߣߔࠆ. (2). 䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 i 䈱ᣂኒᐲ Rh(i) 䈮䉋䉍䇮਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃 j 䈻ㅍ䉎 (1) 䈪▚಴䈘䉏䈢 E(i) 䈱⺞ᢛ䉕ⴕ 䈇䇮਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈻⺞ᢛ䈘䉏䈢୯䉕ㅍା. (1). 䈪⹏ଔ୯ E(i) 䉕⸘▚䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱⹏ଔ㑐ᢙ䉕ᰴ 䈱䉋䈉䈮ቯ⟵䈜䉎䇯 Pn × 100 E (i ) n = ‫ޓ‬ 100+ (100 − C (i ) n ). ࿑ 㪈㩷䈱଀䈪⸘▚䈚䈩䉂䉎䈫䇮㩷䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪙㩷䈏਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪘㩷䈮વ䈋䉎⹏ଔ㩷E(B, A)㩷䈲ᰴ䈱䉋䈉䈮䈭䉎䇯㩷. 㩷 ࿑ 㪈㩷䈱଀䈪⸘▚䈚䈩䉂䉎䈫䇮㩷䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪘㩷䈏⹏ଔ䈚䈢䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪙䈱⹏ଔ䇮⹏ଔ㩷E(A, B)㩷䈲ᰴ䈱䉋䈉䈮䈭䉎䇯㩷 ⎛ E ( B, A)1 × 100 E ( B, A) 2 × 100 E ( B, A)3 × 100 ⎞ ⎟⎟ ‫ޓ‬ E ( A, B) = ⎜⎜ ‫ޓ‬ ,‫ޓ‬ ‫ޓ‬ ,‫ޓ‬ ⎝ 100+ (100 − Rh( A) B ) 100+ (100 − Rh( A) B ) 100+ (100 − Rh( A) B ) ⎠ =‫ޓ‬ (‫ޓ‬ 0, ‫ޓ‬ 0, ‫ޓ‬ 0‫ޓ‬ ). 䈖䈱䊝䊂䊦䈪䈲ᦝ䈭䉎਄૏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈏ሽ࿷䈚䈭䈇䈢䉄䇮䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮⚿ᨐ R 䉕䇮 (⥄⹏ଔ E(j) + ฦ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃⹏ଔ䈱⺞ᢛᓟ䈱⹏ଔ୯) / 䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃ᢙ 䉕 ⴕ䈇䇮䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮⚿ᨐ R 䉕▚಴䈜䉎䇯 R = (E ( A) + ‫ޓ‬E ( A, B ) ‫ޓ‬ +‫ޓ‬ E ( A, C) )‫ޓ‬ /3. ‫ޓޓ‬ = ((0,0,0) + (0,0,0) + (0,0,0)) / 3 ‫ޓޓ‬ =‫ޓ‬ (‫ޓ‬ 0, ‫ޓ‬ 0, ‫ޓ‬ 0‫ޓ‬ ). ਄⸥䈱䉋䈉䈭⹏ଔ㑐ᢙ෸䈶䇮⹏ଔᚻ㗅䉕↪䈇䈩䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉䈫䇮䈖䈱䊝䊂䊦䈪䈱಴ജ⚿ᨐ䈲ቢో 䈮ᛩ⾗䈚䈭䈇䈾䈉䈏⦟䈇䈫䈇䈉⚿⺰䈪䈅䉎䈫⹏ଔ䈘䉏䉎䇯. 㩷 −41− 3.

(4) 㪊㪅㪉㩷㪅㪉㩷㩷✢ᒻ䉲䉴䊁䊛 ✢ᒻ䉲䉴䊁䊛䈮䉋䉎䉲䉴䊁䊛䈮䉋䉎䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈮䉋䉎䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮. 㩷㪊㪅㪈㩷䈪䊝䊂䊦ൻ䈚䈢໧㗴䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉䈢䉄䈮䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈱᭴▽䉕ⴕ䈦䈢䇯㩷䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈲㩷㫃㫀㫅㫌㫏㩷 ਄䈪㩷㪧㪼㫉㫃㩷⸒⺆䉕↪䈇䈩᭴▽䈚䇮ฦ䊌䊤䊜䊷䉺䈲㩷㪚㪪㪭㩷䊐䉜䉟䊦ൻ䈚䈩䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈮ᒁ䈐ᷰ䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉䈮ㄝ䉍䇮䊝䊂䊦䈱೙⚂᧦ઙ䈫䈚䈩ਅ⸥䈱᧦ઙ䉕⸳ቯ䈚䈢䇯㩷㩷 • Rv(i)㪃㩷Rh(i)㩷䈲䊌䉴䈏ㅢ䈦䈩䈇䉎䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈻䈱䉂⹏ଔ䉕ⴕ䈉㩷 • P㪃㩷C(i)㪃㩷Rh(i)㩷䈱ฦ୯䈏ข䉎䊧䊮䉳䈲㩷㪇㩷㻡㫅㩷㻡㪈㪇㪇㩷䈫䈜䉎㩷㩷 • Rv(i) 䈱ฦ୯䈏ข䉎䊧䊮䉳䈲㩷㵨㪈㪇㪇㻡㫅㻡㪈㪇㪇㩷䈫䈜䉎㩷 • ฦ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈏ᜬ䈧䊌䊤䊜䊷䉺䈲䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮 ਛ䈮ᄌൻ䈚䈭䈇䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭᧦ઙਅ䈪㩷 ࿑㩷㪉䈱䉋䈉䈭䊌䊤䊜䊷䉺䇮䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈮໧㗴 P㩷෸䈶䇮ฦ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈱᧦ઙ⸳ቯ㩷㩿್ᢿ ⢻ജ C(i)㪃㩷 Rv(i)㪃㩷 Rh(i)㪀䈱⸳ቯ䉕ⴕ䈇䇮䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈦䈢䇯㩷. ࿑㩷㪊㩷䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮⚿ᨐ 䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮⚿ᨐ㩷 ⚿ᨐ㩷䈖䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈪਄⸥䊝䊂䊦䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ 䈉䈫䇮಴ജ⚿ᨐ䈲ᰴ䈱䉋䈉䈮䈭䉍䇮 R‫ޓ‬ =‫ޓ‬ (20.98, ‫ޓ‬ 20.98, ‫ޓ‬ 20.98) ⚿⺰䈫䈚䈩䈲⚂ 2 ഀ䈾䈬䈲ᛩ⾗䈚䈩䉅⦟䈇䈫䈇䈉ᗧ⷗ 䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䉎䇯㪋㪅㩷⠨ኤ 㪋㪅㩷⠨ኤ㩷 ⠨ኤ㩷 ᧄ⺰ಽ䈪䈱⋡⊛䈲⹏ଔ㑐ᢙ䈱⹏ଔ/⠨ኤ䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮” ข✦ᓎળ䈪䈫䈅䉎ડᬺ䈮ᛩ⾗䈜䉎䈎䈬䈉䈎䈱್ᢿ” 䈫䈇䈉䉋䈉䈭໧㗴䉕䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈜䉎਄䈪䇮䈬䈱䉋䈉䈭䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈏ᔅⷐ䈪䈅䉎䈎䉕⠨ኤ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈪䈅䉎䈢䉄䇮㪊 ┨䈪䊝䊂䊦ൻ䈚䈢䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕⠨ኤ䈚䇮ᔅⷐ䈭䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺ⷐઙ䈮㑐䈚䈩ᬌ⸛䉕ⴕ䈉䇯㪋㪅㪈㪅㩷㩷㪈㪅㩷㩷✢ᒻ 㩷㩷✢ᒻ䊝䊂䊦 ✢ᒻ䊝䊂䊦䈮䊝䊂䊦䈮㑐䈜䉎⠨ኤ 䈜䉎⠨ኤ㩷 ⠨ኤ㩷㪊㪅㪉㩷䈪᭴▽䈚䈢✢ᒻ䊝䊂䊦䈮䈍䈔䉎䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈱໧ 㗴ὐ䉕⠨䈋䉎䈫䇮ᰴ䈱䉋䈉䈭໧㗴䈏䈅䈕䉌䉏䉎䇯㩷. ࿑㩷㪉㩷䊝䊂䊦㪉㩷. •. ⸳ቯ䈘䉏䈢໧㗴 P 䈱ᗧ๧䈲䇮⽷ോ⁁ᴫ䈲⦟䈒䉅䈭䈒 ᖡ䈒䉅䈭䈒䇮ᛛⴚജ䉅ᐔဋ䇮ᛩ⾗䈘䉏䉎䈖䈫䈮ኻ䈜䉎⠨䈋 ᣇ䈲䈾䈬䈾䈬䈫䈇䈉䈖䈫䈮䈭䉎䇯 ⸳ቯ䈘䉏䈢䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪘䈲⽷ോ⁁ᴫ䈮ኻ䈜䉎ℂ⸃ജ䇮ᛛⴚ䈮ኻ䈜䉎⹏ଔ ౒䈮ਛᐾ䇮ᛩ⾗䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮ኻ䈜䉎⠨䈋ᣇ䉅ᐔဋ⊛䇮ㇱ ਅ䈮㪙㪃㩷㪚䈏䈍䉍䇮䈠䉏䈡䉏น䉅䈭䈒ਇน䉅䈭䈒䈧䈐䈅䈦䈩䈇䉎䈫䈇䈉․ᓽ䉕ᜬ䈤䇮䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪙㪃㩷㪚䈲ห᭽䈮⽷ോ⁁ᴫ䈮ኻ䈜䉎ℂ⸃ജ䇮ᛛⴚ䈮ኻ䈜䉎⹏ଔ౒䈮ਛ ᐾ䇮ᛩ⾗䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮ኻ䈜䉎⠨䈋ᣇ䉅ᐔဋ⊛䇮਄ม䈮㪘䈏䈍䉍䇮น䉅䈭䈒ਇน䉅䈭䈒䈧䈐䈅䈦䈩䈇䉎䈫䈇䈉䈖䈫䈮䈭䉎䇯. −42− 4. • •. 䊝䊂䊦䈏㕒⊛䈪䈅䉍䇮േ⊛䈭䊝䊂䊦䈮ኻᔕ䈪䈐䈭䈇㪄㩷 ᤨ㑆⚻ㆊ䈫䈫䉅䈮䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈏Ⴧᷫ䈜䉎㪄㩷 ᤨ㑆⚻ㆊ䈫䈫䉅䈮೙⚂᧦ઙ䈏ᄌൻ䈜䉎 ฦ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈏ᜬ䈧䊌䊤䊜䊷䉺䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䊝䊂䊦ਛ䈪䈱ᄌൻ䈏ή䈇 ⹏ଔ㑐ᢙ䉕ᄌᦝ䈜䉎㓙䈲䇮䊒䊨䉫䊤䊛䉕૞ᚑ䈚⋥ 䈜ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎. 䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭໧㗴䉕⸃᳿䈜䉎䈢䉄䈮䈲䇮䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈏᦭↪䈪䈅䉎䇯䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈫䈲䇮䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃ห჻䈱⋧੕૞↪䈮䉋䉍䇮䉲䉴䊁䊛ో૕䈱ᵹ䉏䈏ഃ⊒䈘䉏䇮䈠䈱ᵹ䉏䈏੹ᐲ䈲ㅒ䈮䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈮䊐䉞䊷䊄䊋䉾䉪䈘䉏䈩䇮䉁䈢୘䇱䈱䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈱ᝄ䉎⥰䈇䉕᳿ቯ䈚䈩䈇䈒䇮䈫䈇䈉ᓴⅣ⊛䈭䊝䊂䊦䈱ᄌൻ䈮ኻᔕ䈚䈢䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈪䈅䉎[6]䇯䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䉕↪䈇䉎䈖䈫䈪䇮䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈱䈢䉄䈱䊝䊂䊦᭴▽䈱᳢↪ᕈ䇮⹏ଔ㑐ᢙ䈱ᄌᦝ䈏ኈᤃ 䈮䈭䉍䇮਄⸥䈱໧㗴ὐ䉕⸃᳿䈪䈐䉎䇯.

(5) ၮḰ䈫䈭䉎㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷ၮ␆䊝䊂䊦䈏ቯ⟵䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䈖䈫䈏䈅䈕䉌䉏䉎㪲㪈㪇㪴㪲㪈㪈㪴䇯㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷䈪䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉䈮䈅䈢䉍䇮㪤㫆㪻㪼㫃㩷㪛㪼㫊㫀㪾㫅㪼㫉㩷䉕೑↪䈚䇮䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㑆䈱㑐ଥ෸䈶䇮ⴕേ䉕 ࿑ 㪋㩷䈱䉋䈉䈮ቯ⟵䈜䉎䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷. 㩷䈫䈖䉐䈪䇮䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈫䈇䈉↪⺆䈲ੱ䈮䉋䉍᭽䇱䈭ᗧ ๧䈪↪䈇䉌䉏䈩䈍䉍䇮䈚䈳䈚䈳ᷙੂ䈱䉅䈫䈮䈭䉎䇯 ⃻࿷ ⎇ⓥ䊧䊔䊦䈮䈍䈔䉎䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈱ቯ⟵䈲䇮㪸㪅㩷ᡆੱ⊛䈭ൻり䉕↪䈇䈢䊍䊠䊷䊙䊮䉟䊮䉺䊐䉢䊷䉴㩷㪹㪅㩷ઍℂੱ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㩷㪺㪅㩷ઁ䈱䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈫੤ᷤ䈜䉎⢻ജ䉕ᜬ䈧䊒䊨䉫䊤䊛㩷㪻㪅㩷౒ㅢ⸒⺆䈪⋧੕૞↪䈜䉎䊒䊨䉫䊤䊛㩷㪼㪅㩷⒖േ䉴䉪䊥䊒䊃䈱䋵䈧䈮ಽ㘃น⢻䈪䈅䉎[5]䇯 ᧄ⺰ᢥ䈮䈍䈔䉎䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈫䈲䇮⚵❱ౝ䈪䈱ฦ䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㑆䉮䊚䊠䊆䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉䈖䈫䈏⋡⊛䈱䈢䉄䇮䈖䈱 c. d. 䈱ᯏ⢻䉕ᜬ䈧䉅䈱䈫ቯ⟵䈜䉎䇯㪋㪅㪉㪅㩷㩷㪉㪅㩷㩷䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺㩷㩷䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈪䈱䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈪䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䈪䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮㩷䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈫䈵䈫ญ䈮䈇䈦䈩䉅 ᭽䇱䈭䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈏ሽ࿷䈜䉎䇯 ᧄ⺰ᢥ䈪䈲䇮㪢㪢㪄㪤㪘㪪㪆㪸㫉㫋㫀㫊㫆㪺㩷㪃㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㪃㩷㪪㫎㪸㫉㫄㪃㩷㪪㫋㪸㫉㫃㫆㪾㫆㩷䈱ᣢሽ䈱䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䉕એਅ䈱䉋䈉䈮䉁䈫䉄䈢䇯 •. 㩷 •. •. 㩷 •. 㪢㪢㪄㪤㪘㪪㪆㪸㫉㫋㫀㫊㫆㪺㩷㩷㪲㪍㪴㩷㪄㩷㪞㪬㪠 ↹㕙䈮䉋䉎䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮⸳ቯ䇮⚿ᨐ಴ ജ䇮䊝䊂䊥䊮䉫䈏น⢻㩷㪄㩷㪭㫀㫊㫌㪸㫃㪙㪸㫊㫀㪺㩷䈮Ḱ᜚䈚䈢䊦䊷䊦ᦠᑼ㩷. 㩷 ࿑㩷㪋㩷䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㑆䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㑆䈱㑐ଥ㪆㑐ଥ㪆ⴕേ㩷 ⴕേ㩷. 䉁䈢䇮䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪘 ෸䈶䇮㪙䇮㪚㩷䈱ᝄ⥰䈇䉕㩷㪙㪼㪿㪸㫍㫀㫆㫉㩷㪛㪼㫊㫀㪾㫅㪼㫉㩷䉕೑↪䈚䇮ᰴ䈱䉋䈉䈮ቯ⟵䈜䉎䇯㩷. 㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷㪲㪎㪴㩷㪄㩷䈢䈒䈘䉖䈱ㇱຠ䉕Ⓧ䉂਄䈕䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉎䊗䊃䊛䉝䉾䊒䈭䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺㩷㪄㩷㪬㪤㪣㩷䈪䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䉕䊝䊂䊦ൻ䈜䉎䈫䇮㪡㪸㫍㪸䉮䊷䊄䉕⥄േ↢ᚑ㩷㪄㩷㪜㪺㫃㫀㫇㫊㪼㩷਄䈪䊎䉳䊠䉝䊦䊒䊨䉫䊤䊚䊮䉫⊛䈮ⴕ 䈉䈖䈫䈏น⢻㩷㩷㪪㫎㪸㫉㫄㩷㪲㪏㪴㩷㪄㩷 ⥄↱ᐲ䈏㕖Ᏹ䈮㜞䈒䇮⎇ⓥ⠪䈱㜞ᐲ䈭ⷐ᳞ 䈮䉅╵䈋䉎ታജ䉕ᜬ䈧㩷㪄㩷 ਎⇇ਛ䈮䊡䊷䉱䉫䊦䊷䊒䉕ᜬ䈤䇮⎇ⓥ⠪䈢䈤䈏ᗲ↪㩷㪪㫋㪸㫉㫃㫆㪾㫆㩷㪲㪐㪴㩷㪄㩷 ዋ䈭䈇䉮䊷䊄㊂䈪ⶄ㔀䈭♽䈱䊝䊂䊦䈏૞䉏䉎㩷㪄㩷㪣㪦㪞㪦㩷䉕૶↪䈚䈩䈍䉍⠌ᓧ䈚䉇䈜䈇. 㩷䈠䉏䈡䉏䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉䈮䈅䈢䈦䈩䊜䊥䉾䊃㪆䊂䊜䊥䉾䊃䈏䈅䉎䈏䇮ᧄ⺰ᢥ䈪䈲㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷䉕೑↪䈚䈩㩷㪊㪅㪉㩷┨䈪ㅀ䈼䈢䊝䊂䊦䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉䇯㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷䉕೑↪䈜䉎ℂ↱䈫䈚䈩䈲䇮䊝䊂䊦᭴▽䈱䈢䉄䈱䉿䊷䊦⟲㩿㪤㫆㪻㪼㫃㩷㪛㪼㫊㫀㪾㫅㪼㫉㪃㩷㪙㪼㪿㪸㫍㫀㫆㫉㩷㪛㪼㫊㫀㪾㫅㪼㫉㪃㩷㪘㪺㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪛㪼㫊㫀㪾㫅㪼㫉㪃㩷㵺㪀䈱లታ䈫䇮䊝䊂䊦᭴▽䈱. ࿑㩷㪌㩷䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪘㩷䈱㪘㩷䈱ᝄ⥰䈇 ᝄ⥰䈇㩿Ꮐ਄㪀 Ꮐ਄㪀෸䈶䇮䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㪙㪃㩷㪚㩷䈱㪙㪃㩷㪚㩷䈱ᝄ⥰䈇 ᝄ⥰䈇㩿ฝਅ㪀 ฝਅ㪀㩷㩷㩷 ࿑ 㪌㩷䈱ᝄ⥰䈇䈱ౝኈ䈲㩷㪘㪺㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪛㪼㫊㫀㪾㫅㪼㫉㩷䉕೑↪䈚䇮㪘㪺㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪙㫃㫆㪺㫂㩷㪣㪸㫅㪾㫌㪸㪾㪼㩷㩿એਅ䇮㪘㪙㪣㪀㩷䈮䉋䉍⸥ㅀ䈚䈢䇯㩷㪘㪙㪣㩷䈫䈲㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷⁛⥄䈮ቯ⟵䈘䉏䈢䉝䉪䉲䊢䊮⸥ㅀ⸒⺆䈪䈅䉍䇮㪘㪙㪣㩷䉕↪䈇䈩⸥ㅀ䈚䈢䊝䊂䊦䈎䉌䇮㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷㪪㫀㫄㫌㫃㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷਄ 䈪േ૞䈜䉎䉮䊮䊘䊷䊈䊮䊃䈱䉸䊷䉴䉮䊷䊄䉕↢ᚑ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉁䈜㪲㪈㪈㪴䇯㩷. −43− 5.

(6) 㩷. 䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭⠨ኤ䉕䉅䈫䈮⚵❱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈫䈚䈩᳞䉄䉌䉏䉎ᯏ⢻ⷐઙ䉕ᬌ⸛䈜䉎䇯 •. 㩷 • 㩷 •. . •. ࿑㩷㪍㩷㪘㪙㪣㩷䈪㩷㪘㪙㪣㩷䈪⸥ㅀ䈚䈢 ⸥ㅀ䈚䈢䉝䉪䉲䊢䊮䈚䈢䉝䉪䉲䊢䊮଀ 䉝䉪䉲䊢䊮଀㩷. ␠ળ䉇䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㑆䈱㑐ଥᕈ䈭䈬䈱䊝䊂䊦䉕ቯ ⟵䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱䊝䊂䊦䉣䊂䉞䉺䇮䉇䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈱ᝄ ⥰䈇䉇䉝䉪䉲䊢䊮䉕ቯ⟵䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱䈭䉖䉌䈎䈱䉣䊂䉞䉺㩷㩿㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷䈪೑↪น⢻䈭䉿䊷䊦⟲㪀㩷㪩㪤㪠㪃㩷㪪㪦㪘㪧㩷䈮䉋䉎䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㑆䈱䊜䉾䉶䊷䉳ㅢା ᯏ⢻㩷㩿ᄖㇱ䉝䊒䊥䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈫䈱ㅪേ㪀㩷 ⚵❱䉕䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈜䉎਄䈪᦭↪䈭䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈱ᝄ⥰䈇䉕⸥ㅀ䈜䉎౒ㅢ⸒⺆㩷㩷䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈏೑↪䈜䉎䉰䊷䊎䉴䉕▤ℂ䈜䉎䉰䊷䊎䉴▤ℂᯏ⢻㩷㩿ᄖㇱ䉝䊒䊥䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈫䈱ㅪേ㪀. 䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭ᯏ⢻↪ઙ䉕ḩ䈢䈜䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䉕᭴▽䈜䉎䈖䈫䈪䇮ਅ⸥䈱䈖䈫䈏น⢻䈮䈭䉎䇯. ࿑㩷㪎㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷㪪㫀㫄㫌㫃㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷䈪䈱㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷㪪㫀㫄㫌㫃㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷䈪䈱ታⴕ଀ 䈪䈱ታⴕ଀㩷 ታⴕ଀. 㪋㪅㪊㪅㩷㩷㪊㪅㩷㩷᳞ 㩷㩷᳞䉄䉌䉏䉎⚵❱ 䉄䉌䉏䉎⚵❱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺 ⚵❱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈱ᯏ⢻ⷐઙ㩷 ᯏ⢻ⷐઙ㩷㩷㪋㪅㪉 ┨䈪㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷䉕೑↪䈚䈩䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈦䈢䇯㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷䈲㕖Ᏹ䈮䈜䈳䉌䈚䈇䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈪䈅䉎䈏䇮ᚒ䇱䈏᳞䉄䉎⚵ ❱䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈍䈉䈫䈜䉎㓙䈱໧㗴ὐ䈫䈚䈩 ᰴ䈱䉅䈱䈏᜼䈕䉌䉏䉎䇯㩷 •. 㩷 • •. 㪘㪙㪣㩷䈪⸥ㅀ䈜䉎䈫ಣℂ⸥ㅀ䈏౬㐳䈮䈭䉍䇮䉮䊷䊄䉕ᦠ䈇䈢䈾䈉䈏ᣧ䈇႐ว䈏䈅䉎㩷㪄㩷㈩೉♽䈱ಣℂ䉕㪘㪙㪣䈪⸥ㅀ䈜䉎䈫㕖Ᏹ䈮౬ 㐳㩷㩷㪄㩷 ୥⵬䈱ㆬᛯ䈱㓙䇮୥⵬ᢙ䈏ᄙ䈜䈑䈩䊐䉞䊦䉺䊥䊮䉫䈏ᔅⷐ㩷㩷䉸䊷䉴䉮䊷䊄䉕⋥ធ䈇䈛䉎䈫䇮ฦ䊂䉱䉟䊅䈎䉌✬㓸䈏䈪䈐䈭䈒䈭䉎. •. േ⊛䈭䊝䊂䊦෸䈶䇮䊌䊤䊜䊷䉺䈱ᄌᦝ䈮ኻᔕ䈚ᓧ 䉎䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䈭䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮. •. ౒ㅢ⸒⺆䈮䉋䉎䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䈱േ૞䊦䊷䊦䈱⸥ㅀ. •. 䉰䊷䊎䉴▤ℂᯏ⢻䉕೑↪䈜䉎䈖䈫䈪ⶄᢙ䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䊜䉸䉾䊄䉕ห৻䊒䊤䉾䊃䊐䉤䊷䊛਄䈪ᛒ䈉. •. 䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈱䉂䈪ή䈒䇮䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮⚿ᨐ 䈫ㅪേ䈚䈢ઁ䈱䉝䊒䊥䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈫䈱ㅪേ. 㩷䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䊔䊷䉴䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈏᭴▽䈘䉏䉎䈖䈫䈪䇮䈅䉎⚵❱䈏䈅䉎ᚑᨐ䋨ᚑᨐ‛䇮䉝䉟䊂䉞䉝╬䋩䉕ዉ䈐಴䈜㓙䇮⚵❱ౝ䈱䉮䊚䊠䊆䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈏䈬䉏⒟ᚑ ᨐ䈮ᓇ㗀䉕ਈ䈋䉎䈎ᬌ⸽䈜䉎䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉䈖䈫䈏น⢻䈫䈭䉎䇯䈖䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮⚿ᨐ䉕䉅䈫䈮ઁ 䈱䉝䊒䊥䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈫ㅪേ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈪䇮ല₸⊛䈭⚵❱ㆇ ↪䉕ⴕ䈉䈖䈫䈏น⢻䈮䈭䉎䇯㩷㩷㪌㪅㩷㩷㪌㪅㩷㩷䈍䉒䉍䈮㩷㩷䈍䉒䉍䈮 ᧄ⺰ಽ䈪䈲䇮⚵❱䈏ᚑᨐ䉕ዉ䈐಴䈜㓙䇮⚵❱ౝ䈱䉮䊚䊠䊆䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈏䈬䉏⒟ᚑᨐ䈮ᓇ㗀䉕ਈ䈋䉎䈎ᬌ⸽ 䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䉕೑↪䈚䈢⚵❱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈱 ᯏ⢻ⷐઙቯ⟵䉕ⴕ䈦䈢䇯 ੹ᓟ䈱⺖㗴䈫䈚䈩䈲䇮ਅ⸥䈱䉅䈱䈏᜼䈕䉌䉏䉎䇯 •. 䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䉕೑↪䈚䈢⚵❱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈱㐿⊒. •. ⚵❱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉺䈪ᛒ䈉ⷐ⚛䈱ㅊട 䋨ฦ䊉䊷䊄䈱⢻ ജ䇮ᓎഀ䉕䊌䊤䊜䊷䉺䈮ㅊട䈜䉎䋩. ᄖㇱ䈱䉝䊒䊥䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈫䈱ㅪേ䈏㔍䈚䈇. 6 −44−.

(7) •. ਄⸥䉕↪䈇䈩䉸䊐䊃䉡䉢䉝㐿⊒䈮䈍䈔䉎䉮䊚䊠䊆䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮䈱ᓇ㗀ᐲ䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䉕ⴕ䈉. ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ 㪈㪅㩷㪩㫐㫌㫌㫊㪼㫀㩷㪤㫌㫉㪸㫂㪸㫄㫀㪃㩷㪟㫀㫉㫆㫊㪿㫀㩷㪥㫌㫅㫆㫂㪸㫎㪸㪃㩷㪫㫊㫌㫐㫆㫊㪿㫀㩷㪦㪿㫋㪸㫅㫀㪒㩷㵰㪪㫀㫄㫌㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫆㪽㩷㪹㫌㫊㫀㫅㪼㫊㫊㩷㪸㪻㫄㫀㫅㫀㫊㫋㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪹㪸㫊㪼㪻㩷㫆㫅㩷㪢㪘㪥㪪㪜㪠㩷㫄㫆㪻㪼㫃㫀㫅㪾㵱㪃㩷㪧㫉㫆㪺㪼㪼㪻㫀㫅㪾㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪝㫀㫉㫊㫋㩷㪠㫅㫋㪼㫉㫅㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪸㫃㩷㪚㫆㫅㪽㪼㫉㪼㫅㪺㪼㩷㫆㫅㩷㪢㪜㪠㪪㵭㩷㪇㪍㪃㩷㫇㫇㪅㩷㪈㪇㩷㪉㪅㩷 ᧛਄㩷㓉↢㪃㩷ᏓᎹ㩷ඳ჻㪃㩷ᄢ⼱㩷Პ䋺㩷㩹䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃䉸䊐䊃䉡䉢䉝䈮䉋䉎⚻༡⚵❱䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮㩹㪃㩷╙ 㪎 ࿁ᣣᧄᗵᕈᎿቇળ੍Ⓜ㓸㩷㪉㪇㪇㪌㪃㩷㫇㫇㪅㩷㪉㪉㪌㩷㪊㪅㩷 ᄢ⼱Პ㪃㩷ᏓᎹ㩷ඳ჻䋺㩷㩹ળ␠⚵❱䈱㕖ല₸䈫䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈮䈍䈔䉎ᗵᕈ㩹㪃╙ 㪎 ࿁ᣣᧄᗵᕈᎿቇળ ੍Ⓜ㓸㩷㪉㪇㪇㪌㪃㩷㫇㫇㪅㩷㪉㪉㪋㩷㩷㪋㪅㩷 ᏓᎹ㩷ඳ჻㪃㩷ᄢ⼱Პ䋺㩷㵰⚵❱⚻༡䈱䉲䊚䊠䊧䊷䉲䊢䊮䈫ᗵᕈ㩹㪃㩷╙ 㪎 ࿁ᣣᧄᗵᕈᎿቇળ੍Ⓜ㓸㩷㪉㪇㪇㪌㪃㩷㫇㫇㪅㩷㪉㪉㪊㩷㪌㪅㩷 ⷏↰⼾᣿䋺㩷㩹䊈䉾䊃䊪䊷䉪␠ળ䈫䉣䊷䉳䉢䊮䊃㩹㪃㩷ᖱ ႎಣℂ 㪊㪏 Ꮞ 㪈 ภ 㪈㪐㪐㪎㪅㪈㩷㪍㪅㩷㪢㪢㪄㪤㪘㪪㪆㪸㫉㫋㫀㫊㫆㪺㪃㩷㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫄㪸㫊㪅㫂㫂㪼㪅㪺㫆㪅㫁㫇㪆㫄㫆㪻㫌㫃㪼㫊㪆㫋㫀㫅㫐㪻㪇㪆㩷㪎㪅㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㪃㩷㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫇㫃㪸㫋㪹㫆㫏㪅㫊㪽㪺㪅㫂㪼㫀㫆㪅㪸㪺㪅㫁㫇㪆㩷㪏㪅㩷㫊㫎㪸㫉㫄㪃㩷㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫎㫎㫎㪅㫊㫎㪸㫉㫄㪅㫆㫉㪾㪆㩷㪐㪅㩷㪪㫋㪸㫉㪣㫆㪾㫆㪃㩷㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㪼㪻㫌㪺㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪅㫄㫀㫋㪅㪼㪻㫌㪆㫊㫋㪸㫉㫃㫆㪾㫆㪆㩷㪈㪇㪅㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷䊝䊂䊦૞ᚑ䉼䊠䊷䊃䊥䉝䊦㪃㩷㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫇㫃㪸㫋㪹㫆㫏㪅㫊㪽㪺㪅㫂㪼㫀㫆㪅㪸㪺㪅㫁㫇㪆㫁㫇㪆㪻㫆㪺㫌㫄㪼㫅㫋㪆㪉㪇㪇㪌㪇㪏㫄㫆㪻㪼㫃㫀㫅㪾㪄㫋㫌㫋㫆㫉㫀㪸㫃㪅㫇㪻㪽㩷㪈㪈㪅㩷㪧㫃㪸㫋㪙㫆㫏㩷㪚㫆㫄㫇㫆㫅㪼㫅㫋㩷㪙㫌㫀㫃㪻㪼㫉㩷䊙䊆䊠䉝䊦㪃㩷㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫇㫃㪸㫋㪹㫆㫏㪅㫊㪽㪺㪅㫂㪼㫀㫆㪅㪸㪺㪅㫁㫇㪆㫁㫇㪆㪻㫆㪺㫌㫄㪼㫅㫋㪆㪉㪇㪇㪌㪇㪏㪺㪹㪄㫄㪸㫅㫌㪸㫃㪅㫇㪻㪽㩷. −45− 7.

(8)