再膨張性肺⽔水腫
飯塚病院
総合診療療科 橋本忠幸
監修 吉野俊平
Clinical Question 2014年年8⽉月11⽇日
JHOSPITALIST Network
分野:呼吸
テーマ:診断・治療療
症例例 81歳男性
【主訴】運動時呼吸苦と乾性咳嗽
【現病歴】来院1ヶ⽉月前より運動時呼吸苦や咳嗽が出現
【既往歴】前⽴立立腺肥⼤大 ⾼高⾎血圧 ⼀一過性脳虚⾎血発作
【薬剤歴】アルダクトン
®
ユリーフ
®
プラビックス
®
【アレルギー歴】NKDA
【家族歴】特記事項なし
【社会歴】ADL⾃自⽴立立 飲酒・喫煙なし 炭鉱歴なし
左胸腔2/3を締める胸⽔水あり
胸腔穿刺刺(排液量量
1L/30
分)後呼吸苦が⼀一旦改善し
たが
10
分後呼吸苦再燃し
、SpO2 85%(RA)
に低下
CXR & CT
穿刺刺後
C
linical
Q
uestion
胸腔穿刺刺はHospitalistが⾏行行う⼿手技として
頻度度は⾼高いが・・・
1. 胸腔穿刺刺の合併症とその頻度度は?
2. 再膨張性肺⽔水腫の対応は?
胸腔穿刺刺の禁忌
絶対的禁忌はなし
• 相対的禁忌は
– 凝固能異異常(APTT・PTが正常範囲中央値の2倍以上)
– ⾎血⼩小板減少(5万/mm3以下)
– ⾎血清Cr値上昇(6mg/dl以上)
以上があると出⾎血性の合併症が優位に増加
Transfusion.1991;31:164.
– 軟部組織感染部位からの穿刺刺は感染を起こす?
根拠となるエビデンスはなし
胸腔穿刺刺の合併症とその頻度度①
Table 3 Complications related to thoracentesis
First author Year n
Complications (%)
Comments Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax requiring
drainage Pain Dyspnoea Cough
Vasovagal
reaction Bleeding Haematoma
Symptomatic
RPO Haemoptysis
Non-guided
Raptopoulos32 1991 154 18.0 7.0 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND US-guided significantly
safer than non-guided
Aleman33 1999 506 3.6 1.8 3.0 1.8 1.2 ND ND ND ND ND ND
Castellote34 2001 245 4.0 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND
Barnes35 2005 145 10.3 4.1 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND US-guided significantly
safer than non-guided US-guided
Harnsberger36 1983 110 0.0 0.0 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND
Raptopoulos32 1991 188 3.0 2.0 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND US-guided significantly
safer than non-guided
Colt37 1999 255 5.4 0.8 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND
Jones38 2003 941 2.6 ND 2.7 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 ND Incidence of
pneumothorax increased when>1.1 L fluid removed
Mynarek39 2004 711 2.8 0.0 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.1 ND
Pihlajamaa11 2004 264 4.2 0.4 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND No RPO although>1.5 L
taken in 29 patients
Mayo40 2004 232 1.3 1.3 ND ND ND ND 0.0 ND ND ND Mechanically ventilated
patients
Barnes35 2005 305 4.9 0.7 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND US-guided significantly
safer than non-guided
Heidecker41 2006 367 2.5 ND 8.2 ND ND ND 1.6 0.3 0.3 ND ND
Feller-Kopman10 2007 185 4.9 0.5 ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.5 ND At least 1 L aspirated,
some even more than 3 L
Josephson42 2009 735 4.6 1.5 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Compared with draining
0.8–1.2 L, odds ratio 3.8 of developing pneumothorax for 1.8–2.2 L drained and odds ratio 5.7 if 2.3 L or over drained
Rahman43 2009 362 0.0 0.0 ND ND ND ND 0.3 ND ND ND ND
Bass44 2005 100 7.0 ND ND ND ND ND 2.0 ND ND ND Group with
haematological malignancy
Non-weighted average 4.7 1.5 4.6 1.4 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.1 ND
RPO, re-expansion pulmonary oedema, US, ultrasound.