5. ɍɉɊȺȼɅȿɇɂȿ ȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɖɘ ȾɈɊɈɀɇɈȽɈ Ⱦȼɂɀȿɇɂə: ɉɍɌɂ
5.2 Ɇɟɪɵ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ
5.2.9 ȼɵɜɨɞɵ
ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɟ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɟɦɵ, ɩɪɢɡɧɚɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɦɢɪɟ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɣ ɢ ɜɫɟɨɛɴɟɦɥɸɳɟɣ, ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ. Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ɨɛɡɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɨɬɞɚɟɬ ɫɟɛɟ ɨɬɱɟɬ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɢɡ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɡɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɧɨɱɶ, ɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɞɥɹ ɢɯ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ, ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ, ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ,ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ,ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɪɭɝɨɜ.
ɋ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɜ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɜɟɬɟ ɢ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ «ȼɵɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ»ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ,ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ,ɩɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ Ƚɪɭɩɩɵ ɨɛɡɨɪɚ,ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɧɚɫɭɳɧɵɦɢ,ɦɨɝɭɬ ɪɟɲɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɢ ɛɟɡ ɧɟɩɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɜ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɨɜɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɢ, ɩɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɧɚɞɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜ ɞɨɥɝɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɢ ɬɟɫɧɨɦ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɦɢ ɤɨɥɥɟɝɚɦɢ.
1. ȿɄɆɌ (2004) «Ȼɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ: ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ – 50% ɫɦɟɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɤ 2012 ɝ., ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ», CEMT/CM(2004)12, ɉɚɪɢɠ.
Ȼɥɢɫɫ Ɍ. «ȼɵɩɨɥɧɹɹ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ȼɫɟɦɢɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɚ ɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɬɢɡɦɚ ɩɪɢ ȾɌɉ».2004.
«Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɇɨɭɬ»ʋ TN-1 ȼɫɟɦɢɪɧɵɣ ɛɚɧɤ,ȼɚɲɢɧɝɬɨɧ ɨ.Ʉ.
2. Peden M, Scurfield R, Sleet D, Mohan D, Hyder A, Jarawan E and C Mathers (Eds.) (2004): World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention, World Health Organisation, Geneva.
ɉɟɞɟɧ Ɇ., ɋɤɟɪɮɢɥɞ Ɋ., ɋɥɢɬ Ⱦ.,Ɇɨɯɷɧ Ⱦ.,ɏɚɣɞɟɪ Ⱥ.,Ⱦɠɚɪɚɜɚɧ ȿ. ɢ ɋ. Ɇɷɡɟɪɫ (Ɋɟɞ.) (2004): «ȼɫɟɦɢɪɧɵɣ ɞɨɤɥɚɞ ɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɬɢɡɦɚ ɜ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɦ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ», ȼɫɟɦɢɪɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ, ɀɟɧɟɜɚ.
3. K. Rumar (2002), Past present and future road safety work in ECMT, CEMT/CM (2002)14, Paris.
Ʉ.Ɋɭɦɚɪ (2002), «ɉɪɨɲɥɨɟ,ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɢ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ȿɄɆɌ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ», CEMT/CM (2002)14, ɉɚɪɢɠ.
4. Rumar, K. (1999). Transport safety visions, targets and strategies: beyond 2000. 1st European Transport Safety Lecture.
European Transport Safety Council, Brussels.
Ɋɭɦɚɪ Ʉ. (1999). «ɉɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɜɢɞɟɧɢɟ,ɰɟɥɢ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ:ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɦɢ 2000 ɝɨɞɚ.
ɉɟɪɜɵɟ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ». ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ,Ȼɪɸɫɫɟɥɶ.
5. Allsop R.E. Ed (2003). Risk assessment and target setting in EU transport programmes, European Transport Safety Council, Brussels.
Ɉɥɫɨɩ Ɋ.ȿ.Ɋɟɞ. (2003). «Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ ɪɢɫɤɚ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɰɟɥɢ ɜ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɯ ȿɋ», ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ,Ȼɪɸɫɫɟɥɶ.
6. Wegman F, Elsenaar P (1997). Sustainable solutions to improve road safety in the Netherlands. Leidschendam, Institute for Road Safety Research,1997. (SWOV Report D–097–8).
ȼɟɝɦɚɧ Ɏ.,ɗɥɫɟɧɚɚɪ ɉ. (1997). «ɍɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɇɢɞɟɪɥɚɧɞɚɯ», Ʌɟɣɞɫɯɟɧɞɚɦ, ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ (SWOV), 1997 (Ⱦɨɤɥɚɞ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ D – 097 - 8).
7. Tingvall C. The Zero Vision. In: van Holst H, Nygren A, Thord R, eds (1995). Transportation, traffic safety and health:
the new mobility. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference, Gothenburg, Sweden Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1995:35–57.
Ɍɢɧɝɜɚɥɥ ɋ. ɉɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɚ – ɇɨɥɶ. ȼ: ȼɚɧ ɏɨɥɫɬ ɏ., ɇɸɝɪɟɧ Ⱥ., Ɍɨɪɞ Ɋ., ɪɟɞ. (1995). «Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ, ɞɨɪɨɠɧɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ: ɧɨɜɚɹ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ. Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɉɟɪɜɨɣ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ, Ƚɨɬɟɧɛɭɪɝ,ɒɜɟɰɢɹ».Ȼɟɪɥɢɧ,ɂɡɞ-ɜɨ ɒɩɪɢɧɝɟɪ, 1995: 35-57.
8. ECMT (2004) “Road safety: Implementation of the objective –50% killed by 2012”, CEMT/CM(2004)12, Paris ȿɄɆɌ (2004) “Ⱦɨɪɨɠɧɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ: ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ – 50% ɫɦɟɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɤ 2012 ɝ.”, CEMT/CM(2004)12, ɉɚɪɢɠ.
9. OECD (1994), Targeted road safety programmes. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris ɈɗɋɊ (1994), «ɐɟɥɟɜɵɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ», Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ,ɉɚɪɢɠ.
10. Elvik R. (2001) Quantified road safety targets: an assessment of evaluation methodology. Oslo, Institute of Transport Economics, (Report No. 539).
ɗɥɜɢɤ Ɋ. (2001) «Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ:ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ».
Ɉɫɥɨ,ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ, (ɋɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ʋ539).
11.Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ (2000), “ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ:
ɉɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɧɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ”,Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ 6.
Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ (2000), ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ: Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨ 2010 ɝ.,Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ 7.
Ȼɪɨɬɨɧ Ⱦɠ.ɢ ɞɪ.Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɬɢɡɦɚ,Ʉɪɨɭɬɨɪɧ, ɈɈɈ Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ, «ɌɊɅ Ɋɟɩɨɪɬ»ʋ382.
12. Wegman F (Ed.), (2001) Transport safety performance indicators. Brussels, European Transport Safety Council.
ȼɟɝɦɚɧ Ɏ.. Ɋɟɞ. (2001) «ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ». Ȼɪɸɫɫɟɥɶ, ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ.
13. Land Transport Safety Authority (2003), Road safety to 2010, Wellington.
Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ (2003), «Ⱦɨɪɨɠɧɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɨ 2010 ɝ.», ȼɟɥɥɢɧɝɬɨɧ.
14. Aeron-Thomas A, Downing A J, Jacobs G D, Fletcher J P, Selby T, and Silcock D T. Review of Road Safety Management Practice. Final Report. 2002. Transport Research Laboratory Limited with Ross Silcock, Babtie Group Ltd, United Kingdom.
ɗɪɨɧ-Ɍɨɦɚɫ Ⱥ.,Ⱦɚɭɧɢɧɝ Ⱥ.Ⱦɠ., Ⱦɠɟɣɤɨɛɫ Ⱦɠ.Ⱦ., Ɏɥɟɬɱɟɪ Ⱦɠ.ɉ.,ɋɟɥɛɢ Ɍ..ɢ ɋɢɥɤɨɤ Ⱦ.Ɍ. «Ɉɛɡɨɪ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ. Ɂɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɞɨɤɥɚɞ». 2002. ɈɈɈ Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɫ ɈɈɈ Ɋɨɫɫ ɋɢɥɤɨɤ,Ȼɷɛɬɚɣ Ƚɪɭɩɩ,ɋɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɨɟ Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜɫɬɜɨ.
15. Wegman FCM et al (1994). Road safety impact assessment. Leidschendam, Institute for Road Safety Research, 1994 (SWOV Report R-94-20).
ȼɟɝɦɚɧ Ɏ.ɢ ɞɪ. (1994) «Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ», Ʌɟɣɞɫɯɟɧɞɚɦ,ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ, (Ⱦɨɤɥɚɞ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ R-94-20).
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ȼɫɟɦɢɪɧɨɟ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɬɜɨ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ, «ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ:
ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɩɢɫɶɦɨ 3: Ɏɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ». ɀɟɧɟɜɚ.
17.Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɨ Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ , www.mintrns.ru
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ɏɭɦɦɟɥ Ɍ. «ȼɵɛɨɪ ɬɪɚɫɫɵ ɜ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ». Ʌɟɣɞɫɯɟɧɞɚɦ, ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ, 2001 (Ⱦɨɤɥɚɞ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ D-2001-11)/
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ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ (2003) ɋɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ȿɋ – ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɛɡɨɪ,Ȼɪɸɫɫɟɥɶ.
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ɐɟɧɬɪ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɧɚɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ (1997) «ɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤ: ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɞɨɪɨɝ ɧɚ ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ. ɑɚɫɬɶ I (ȼɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ): ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ».1997 (Ⱦɨɤɥɚɞ ɐɟɧɬɪɚ 116).
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Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ, ɈɈɈ Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ, ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɨɪɨɝ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɨɤ (2003) «Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɸ: ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɳɢɧ». ɋɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ,Ʌɨɧɞɨɧ. 2003.
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Ȼɪɸɫɫɟɥɶ,ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ.
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ɋɢɪɢɥɶɨ Ƀ.Ⱥ., Ʉɚɭɧɫɢɥ Ɏ.Ɇ.(1986) Ȼɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɜɬɨɫɬɪɚɞ: ɞɜɚɞɰɚɬɶ ɥɟɬ ɫɩɭɫɬɹ. «Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɟɣɲɧ Ɋɟɫɟɪɱ Ɋɟɤɨɪɞ», 1986, 1068: 90-95.
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Ɍɟɣɥɨɪ Ɇ.ɋ., Ʌɚɣɧɷɦ Ⱦ.Ⱥ., Ȼɚɪɭɣɹ Ⱥ. (2000) «ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ȾɌɉ». Ʉɪɨɭɬɨɪɧ, Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ, 2000 (Ⱦɨɤɥɚɞ Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ 421)
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31. Taylor MC, Baruya A, Kennedy JV. (2002)The relationship between speed and accidents on rural single-carriageway roads. Crowthorne, Transport Research Laboratory, 2002 (TRL Report 511).
Ɍɟɣɥɨɪ Ɇ.ɋ., Ȼɚɪɭɣɹ Ⱥ. Ʉɟɧɧɟɞɢ Ⱦɠ.ȼ. (2002) «ɋɜɹɡɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ ɢ ȾɌɉ ɧɚ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɯ ɨɞɧɨɩɨɥɨɫɧɵɯ ɞɨɪɨɝɚɯ», Ʉɪɨɭɬɨɪɧ,Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ, 2002 (Ⱦɨɤɥɚɞ ɅɌɂ 511)
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33. IIHS (1997) IIHS Facts: 55 speed limit. Arlington,VA, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety,1987.
ɂɋȾȻ (1997) «Ɏɚɤɬɵ ɂɋȾȻ:ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ 55 ɦɢɥɶ», Ⱥɪɥɢɧɝɬɨɧ,ɲɬ.ȼɢɪɞɠɢɧɢɹ,ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ, 1987.
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ɗɲɬɨɧ ɋ.Ⱦɠ., Ɇɚɤɟɣ Ⱦɠ.Ɇ. (1983) «ȼɵɝɨɞɵ ɨɬ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɢɡɚɣɧɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ». ȼ:
Ɍɪɭɞɵ Ɉɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ. Ⱦɟɬɪɨɣɬ, ɲɬ. Ɇɢɱɢɝɚɧ, Ɉɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, 1983:255-264 (ɋɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ʋ121).
35. Leggett LMW (1988). The effect on accident occurrence of long-term, low-intensity police enforcement. In:Proceedings of the 14th Conference of the Australian Road Research Board, Canberra. Canberra, Australian Road Research Board,1988,14:92–104.
Ʌɟɝɝɟɬɬ Ʌ.Ɇ.ɍ. (1988). ȼɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɟ ȾɌɉ ɞɨɥɝɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɰɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ. ȼ: «Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ 14-ɣ Ʉɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ Ⱥɜɫɬɪɚɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ, Ʉɚɧɛɟɪɪɚ».Ʉɚɧɛɟɪɪɚ,Ⱥɜɫɬɪɚɥɢɣɫɤɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ, 1988, 14:92-104.
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Ƚɟɣɧɫ Ⱥ., Ȼ. ɏɟɣɞɟɤɟɪ, Ⱦɠ. ɒɪɭɫɛɟɪɢ ɢ ɋ. Ɋɨɛɟɪɬɫɨɧ (2004), «ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɜɢɞɟɨɤɚɦɟɪ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ – ɞɨɤɥɚɞ ɫ ɨɰɟɧɤɨɣ ɬɪɟɯ ɥɟɬ», ɉȺ Ʉɨɧɫɚɥɬɢɧɝ ɢ Ʉɨɥɥɟɞɠ Ʌɨɧɞɨɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɭ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ
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ȿɄɆɌ (98), Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɹɡɜɢɦɵɯ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɨɪɨɝɚɦɢ,ɩɟɲɟɯɨɞɨɜ (CEMT/CM(98)19/final), ɉɚɪɢɠ.
40. OECD (2001) Safety of vulnerable road users. Paris, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001 (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/24/4/2103492.pdf
ɈɗɋɊ (2001) «Ȼɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɹɡɜɢɦɵɯ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɨɪɨɝɚɦɢ». ɉɚɪɢɠ, Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ, 2001 (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/24/4/2103492.pdf)
41. Allsop RE, ed (1999). Safety of pedestrians and cyclists in urban areas. Brussels, European Transport Safety Council, 1999 (http://www.etsc.be/rep.htm.
Ɉɥɫɨɩ Ɋ.ȿ., ɪɟɞ. (1999). «Ȼɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɲɟɯɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɜɟɥɨɫɢɩɟɞɢɫɬɨɜ ɜ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɚɯ». Ȼɪɸɫɫɟɥɶ, ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ, 1999 (http://www.etsc.be/rep.htm).
42. Ossenbruggen PJ, Pendharkar J, Ivan J.(2001) Roadway safety in rural and small urbanized areas.Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2001, 33:485–498.
Ɉɫɫɟɧɛɪɭɝɝɟɧ ɉ.Ⱦɠ.,ɉɟɧɞɯɚɪɤɚɪ Ⱦɠ.,Ⱥɣɜɷɧ Ⱦɠ. (2001) «Ȼɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɨɛɨɱɢɧɚɯ ɜ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ». «Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ȾɌɉ», 2001, 33:485-498.
43. Directive 2003/102/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 November 2003 relating to the protection of pedestrians and other vulnerable road users before and in the event of a collision with a motor vehicle and amending Council Directive 70/156/EEC Official Journal L 321, 06/12/2003 P. 0015 – 0025.
Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ 2003/102/ȿɋ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ɨɬ 17 ɧɨɹɛɪɹ 2003 ɝ.ɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɩɟɲɟɯɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɭɹɡɜɢɦɵɯ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɨɪɨɝɚɦɢ ɞɨ ɢ ɧɚ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɦɨɬɨɪɧɵɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ, ɫ ɩɨɩɪɚɜɤɚɦɢ ɤ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ 70/156/ȿɗɋ. «Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɀɭɪɧɚɥ» L 321, 06/12/2003 ɫɫ.0015-0025.
44. Lie A, Tingvall C. (2003) Governmental status report, Sweden. In: Proceedings of the 18th Experimental Safety of Vehicles Conference, Nagoya, Japan, 19–22 May 2003. Washington, DC, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2003 (http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/ nrd-01/esv/esv18/CD/Files/18ESV-000571.pdf
Ʌɢɟ Ɍ.,Ɍɢɧɝɜɚɥɥ ɋ. (2003) ɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɞɨɤɥɚɞ ɨ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ, ɒɜɟɰɢɹ.ȼ: «Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ 18-ɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ, ɇɚɝɨɣɹ, əɩɨɧɢɹ, 19-22 ɦɚɹ 2003». ȼɚɲɢɧɝɬɨɧ, ɨ.Ʉ., ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ, 2003. http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/ nrd-01/esv/esv18/CD/Files/18ESV-000571.pdf).
45. Larsson J, Nilsson, G (2000). Bältespåminnare: en lönsam traf ksäkerhetsåtgärd? [Seat-belt reminders: beneficial for society?]. Linköping, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, 2000 (VTI Report 62-2000).
Ʌɚɪɫɫɨɧ Ƀ.,ɇɢɥɫɫɨɧ Ƚ. (2000). «ɋɢɝɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɵ,ɧɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɸɳɢɟ ɨ ɪɟɦɧɹɯ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ:ɧɚ ɩɨɥɶɡɭ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɭ?».
Ʌɢɧɱɟɩɢɧɝ,ɒɜɟɞɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ, 2000, (Ⱦɨɤɥɚɞ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ 62-2000).
46. Lie A, Tingvall C.(2002) How do Euro NCAP results correlate with real-life injury risks? A paired comparison study of car-to-car crashes. Traffic Injury Prevention, 2002, 3:288–291.
Ʌɢɟ Ⱥ., Ɍɢɧɝɜɚɥɥ ɋ. (2002) Ʉɚɤ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ȿɜɪɨɇɄȺɉ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɫ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɪɢɫɤɚɦɢ ȾɌɉ?ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɚɪ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɣ-ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ȾɌɉ. «ɉɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɬɢɡɦɚ ɩɪɢ ȾɌɉ», 2002, 3:288-291.
47. ECMT Resolution 93/5 on drinking and driving as a factor in road accidents CEMT/CM(93)5/final.
Ɋɟɡɨɥɸɰɢɹ ȿɄɆɌ 93/5 ɨɛ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɨɩɶɹɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɢɡ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɜ ȾɌɉ, CEMT/CM(93)5/final.
48. Shults RA et al (2001). Reviews of evidence regarding interventions to reduce alcohol-impaired driving, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2001, 21:66–88.
ɒɭɥɶɰ Ɋ.Ⱥ.ɢ ɞɪ. (2001) Ɉɛɡɨɪɵ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɩɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɦ ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɹ. «Ⱥɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɠɭɪɧɚɥ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɵ», 2001,21:66-88.
49. Ross HL. (1984) Deterring the drinking driver: legal policy and social control. Lexington, DC Heath, 1984.
Ɋɨɫɫ ɏ.Ʌ. (1984) «Ɉɬɩɭɝɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɶɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ:ɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ».Ʌɟɤɫɢɧɝɬɨɧ, ɨ.Ʉ.,ɏɢɬ, 1984.
50. Homel RJ (1998). Random breath testing in Australia: a complex deterrent.Australian Drug and Alcohol Review, 1988, 7:231–241.
ɏɨɭɦɟɥ Ɋ.Ⱦɠ. (1998). «ȼɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɜ Ⱥɜɫɬɪɚɥɢɢ:ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɟ ɨɬɩɭɝɢɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ». «Ⱥɜɫɬɪɚɥɢɣɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɨɡɪɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɤɚɦ ɢ ɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɸ», 1988. 7:231-241.
51. ECMT Resolution 38 concerning seat belts (CM(78)18), Paris.
Ɋɟɡɨɥɸɰɢɹ ȿɄɆɌ 38 ɨ ɪɟɦɧɹɯ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ (CM(78)18), ɉɚɪɢɠ.
52. ETSC (1996), Seat-belts and child restraints: increasing use and optimizing performance. European Transport Safety Council, Brussels.
ȿɋȻɌ (1996) «Ɋɟɦɧɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ: ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ». ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ,Ȼɪɸɫɫɟɥɶ.
53. Buylaert W, ed. (1999) Reducing injuries frɨɬ post-impact care. European Transport Safety Council, Working Party on Post Impact Care, Brussels.
Ȼɭɣɥɚɷɪɬ ɍ., ɪɟɞ. (1999) «ɋɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɨɬ ɭɯɨɞɚ ɡɚ ɩɨɫɬɪɚɞɚɜɲɢɦɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ȾɌɉ». ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ,Ɋɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɭɯɨɞɚ ɡɚ ɩɨɫɬɪɚɞɚɜɲɢɦɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ȾɌɉ,Ȼɪɸɫɫɟɥɶ.
Lecky F, Woodford M, Yates DW. Trends in trauma care in England and Wales 1989-97. UK Trauma Audit and Research Network. Lancet, 2000, 355:1771-5.
Ʌɟɤɢ Ɏ., ȼɭɞɮɨɪɞ Ɇ., Ƀɟɣɬɫ Ⱦ.ɍ. Ɍɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ ɜ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɜ Ⱥɧɝɥɢɢ ɢ ɍɷɥɶɫɟ 1989-97. ɋɟɬɶ ɚɭɞɢɬɚ ɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɬɢɡɦɚ ɜ ɋɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɨɦ Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜɫɬɜɟ. «Ʌɚɧɰɟɬ», 2000, 355:1771-5.
54.Moɫk et al. (2004), Essential Trauma Care Guidelines. WHO. Geneva.
Ɇɨɤ ɢ ɞɪ. (2004), Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɦ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɜɦ,ȼɈɁ,ɀɟɧɟɜɚ.
55. Delaney A.Diamantopolou K,Cameron M. (2003) MUARC’s speed enforcement research: principles learnt and implications for practice .Melbourne, Monash University Accident Research Centre,2003 (Report No.200).
Ⱦɟɥɚɧɢ Ⱥ.,Ⱦɢɚɦɚɧɬɨɩɭɥɭ Ʉ., Ʉɷɦɟɪɨɧ Ɇ. (2003) «ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɐɟɧɬɪɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ: ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɪɨɤɢ ɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ». Ɇɟɥɶɛɭɪɧ,ɐɟɧɬɪ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ȾɌɉ ɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ Ɇɨɧɷɲ, 2003 (Ⱦɨɤɥɚɞ ʋ200).
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x ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɵɬɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɜɫɟ ȾɌɉ ɧɟɪɟɚɥɢɫɬɢɱɧɨ, ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɨɝɨ ɭɳɟɪɛɚ ɞɥɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɫ ɬɟɦ,ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɒɜɟɰɢɢ ɧɢ ɨɞɢɧ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɧɟ ɛɵɥ ɭɛɢɬ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɟ ɭɜɟɱɶɹ.
x Ʉ 2007 ɝɨɞɭ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɫɦɟɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɤɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɧɚ 50%
ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɵɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɦ 1996 ɝɨɞɚ.
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ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ
x ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɧɭɠɞɵ,ɨɲɢɛɤɢ ɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɭɹɡɜɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɚɜɬɨɞɨɪɨɝɚɦɢ.
x Ƚɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɧɚɫɢɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ ɛɟɡ ɫɦɟɪɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɯɨɞɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɯ ɬɪɚɜɦ.
x ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ - ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɚɠɧɵɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɞɥɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ. Ɉɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɞɨɪɨɝ ɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɬɚɤ,ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɬɶ ɬɟɪɩɢɦɵɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɨɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɧɚɫɢɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ.
ɫɨɡɞɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɩɟɪɜɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɭɸ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ
x Ɍɟ, ɤɬɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɥ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ, ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɬ ɡɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ, ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɡɚ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.
x ɉɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɢ ɚɜɬɨɞɨɪɨɝɚɦɢ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɬ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɟɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɳɢɤɚɦɢ.
x ȿɫɥɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɢ ɧɟ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɸɬ ɷɬɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɩɨ ɧɟɡɧɚɧɢɸ, ɧɟɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɸ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɨɬ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɳɢɤɨɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɲɚɝɨɜ,ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɨɫɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɝɢɛɟɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɧɟɧɢɸ ɥɸɞɟɣ.
ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
x ɧɚ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɧɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɪɢɫɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɜ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɦ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɜɵɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ;
x ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɣ ɭɳɟɪɛ ɞɥɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɫɬɜɢɣ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɭ ɧɟɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɝɨ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɢ ɭɫɥɭɝ,ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚɦɢ;
x ɧɚ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɧɟɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨɣ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɭɸ ɩɨɬɟɪɸ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ, ɫɨɡɧɚɜɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɢ ɢɝɪɚɬɶ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɜɵɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɢɤɚɦɢ.
ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ
x ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ ȾɌɉ, ɱɪɟɜɚɬɵɟ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦɢ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɦɢ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɢɫɤɚɦ
x ɫɧɢɠɚɬɶ ɬɹɠɟɫɬɶ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɨɬ ȾɌɉ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɚɜɚɪɢɣɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɣ ɨɞɟɠɞɵ
x ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɬɹɠɟɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɚɫɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ,ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɯɨɞɚ ɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.
ɄɊȺɌɄɈȿ ɊȿɁɘɆȿ ɇɂȾȿɊɅȺɇȾɋɄɈɃ ɉɈɅɂɌɂɄɂ ɍɋɌɈɃɑɂȼɈɃ ȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ
ɐɟɥɢ
x ɇɟɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲɧɢɯ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɤ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɛɪɟɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɛɭɞɭɳɢɟ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ ɞɨɪɨɝɨɫɬɨɹɳɭɸ ɢ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɦ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɦɭɸ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɭ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɨɬ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɫɬɜɢɣ;
x Ʉ 2010 ɝɨɞɭ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɦɟɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɨ ɩɨ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɧɚ 50 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ, ɚ ɭɜɟɱɢɣ – ɧɚ 40 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɵɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ 1986 ɝɨɞɚ.
ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɸ?
x ɂɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ, ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɤ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹɦ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɨɪɨɝ,
x Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɬɚɤ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɢɬɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɢ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɯɨɪɨɲɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɩɪɢ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɢ,
x ɉɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɢ ɞɨɪɨɝɚɦɢ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɨɣ ɢ, ɝɞɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ,ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɨɬ ɧɟɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ.
ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ
x ɉɟɪɟɫɦɨɬɪ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɨɪɨɝ, ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɞɨɪɨɝ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɩɨɬɨɤɚ: ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɚɥɶɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɢ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɦɚɯ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ: ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ ɢ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɤɚɤ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɛɪɨɫɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ:ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɹɦɨɝɨ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ ɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɞɨɪɨɝɢ ɢɥɢ ɭɥɢɰɵ
x ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ ɞɨɪɨɝɢ
x Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ ɞɨɪɨɝɢ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ, ɦɟɫɬɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɪɨɝɢ ɧɟ ɩɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ
ɉɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɦɚɫɫɟ ɧɚ ɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɹɯ
ɉɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɧɟɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɨɪɨɝɚɦɢ, ɞɟɥɚɹ ɬɪɚɫɫɭ ɜɩɟɪɟɞɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɭɟɦɨɣ
ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ
x ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɬɜ ɧɚ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ, ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɟɫɨɦɵɦ ɭɩɨɪɨɦ ɧɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ.
x Ⱦɜɭɯɷɬɚɩɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ, ɫ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɨɦ ɜ ɞɜɚ ɝɨɞɚ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɫɦɨɬɪ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ
x ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜ 30 ɤɦ/ɱɚɫ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɟɣ,ɫ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɜɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ.
ɈɋɇɈȼɇɕȿ ɎȺɄɌɈɊɕ ɊɂɋɄȺ ȼ ȾɈɊɈɀɇɈɆ ɌɊȺȼɆȺɌɂɁɆȿ (ɪɟɞ.ɉɟɞɟɧ ɢ ɞɪ., 2004 ɝ.)
Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɵ,ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɢɫɤɚɦ
x ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ,ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɥɢɲɟɧɢɹ x Ⱦɟɦɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ
x ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɟɦɥɟɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɜɥɢɹɸɳɚɹ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɩɨɟɡɞɤɢ ɢ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ
x ɋɨɜɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɭɹɡɜɢɦɵɦɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɞɨɪɨɝɚɦɢ
x ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɤ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɫ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɨɛ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ,ɬɪɚɫɫɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɨɪɨɝ
Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɪɢɫɤɚ,ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɨɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɫɬɜɢɹ x ɇɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɱɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ
x ɉɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɹ,ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɨɞɭɪɦɚɧɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ x ɍɫɬɚɥɨɫɬɶ
x ɉɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɟɠɢ ɦɭɠɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɚ
x ɉɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɭɹɡɜɢɦɵɦ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɦ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɦ ɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɚɯ ɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ
x Ⱦɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɬɟɦɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɭɬɨɤ
x Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ,ɤɚɤ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɹ,ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ
x ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ, ɬɪɚɫɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɪɨɝɢ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɤ ɧɟɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ
x ɇɟɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɜɢɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ (ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɟɲɚɸɬ ɡɚɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ) x ɉɥɨɯɨɟ ɡɪɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɞɨɪɨɝɨɣ
Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɪɢɫɤɚ,ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɬɹɠɟɫɬɢ ȾɌɉ x Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɩɨɪɨɝɚ ɬɟɪɩɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ
x ɇɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɱɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ
x ɇɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɦɧɟɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɟɬɫɤɢɯ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ
x ɇɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɲɥɟɦɨɜ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɞɜɭɯɤɨɥɟɫɧɵɯ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ
x ɉɪɢɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ,ɧɟ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɨɬ ɚɜɚɪɢɣ
x ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɚɜɚɪɢɣɧɚɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɚɫɫɚɠɢɪɨɜ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚɟɡɞɭ
x ɍɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɹ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɪɢɫɤɚ,ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɬɹɠɟɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɩɨɫɥɟ ȾɌɉ
x Ɂɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɫɬɜɢɹ x ɉɨɠɚɪ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ
x ɍɬɟɱɤɚ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ x Ⱥɥɤɨɝɨɥɶ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɵ
x Ɍɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɚɫɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɢɡ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ
x Ɍɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɜɚɤɭɚɰɢɢ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɢɡ ɩɨɩɚɜɲɢɯ ɜ ȾɌɉ ɚɜɬɨɛɭɫɨɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɝɨɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɟɣɫɨɜ
x Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɭɯɨɞɚ ɞɨ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪ
x Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɚ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɭɯɨɞɚ ɜ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɛɨɥɶɧɢɰ
ɄɅɘɑȿȼɕȿ ɋɌɊȺɌȿȽɂɂ ɂ ɆȿɊɕ ɈȻȿɋɉȿɑȿɇɂə ȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ ȾɈɊɈɀɇɈȽɈ Ⱦȼɂɀȿɇɂə (ɪɟɞ.ɉɟɞɟɧ ɢ ɞɪ., 2004 ɝ.)
ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɢɫɤɭ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ:
x ɉɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɬɚɦ, ɝɞɟ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɬ ɤɪɚɬɱɚɣɲɢɟ/ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɟ/ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɬɪɚɫɫɵ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ «ɭɦɧɵɟ» ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɡɟɦɥɟɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ
ɜɧɟɞɪɹɹ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɧɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ
x ɉɨɨɳɪɟɧɢɟ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɫ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ,ɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɪɢɫɤɨɦ,ɧɚ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɪɢɫɤɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ
x ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ, ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɪɢɫɤɭ,ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɦ ɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɨɬɞɚɜɚɹ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬ
ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ
Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɞɜɭɯɤɨɥɟɫɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ/ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɨɫɬɶ
ȼɧɟɞɪɹɹ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɤ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ
Ɏɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɨ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹɦ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɯ ɬɪɚɜɦ:
x ɉɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ,ɤɚɤ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɞɨɪɨɝ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ,ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɞɨɪɨɝ
ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ,ɝɞɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ,ɦɨɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɛɟɡɦɨɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ x ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɞɨɪɨɝ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ,ɤɚɤ
ɋɚɦɨɨɱɟɜɢɞɧɚɹ,ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɳɚɹ ɪɚɡɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɣ ɬɪɚɫɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɞɨɪɨɝ,
ɋɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɧɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɣ
ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ
ȼɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɟ ɚɭɞɢɬɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
Ʉɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɢɫɤɚ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɦɚɥɨɡɚɬɪɚɬɧɵɯ/ɜɵɫɨɤɨɪɟɧɬɚɛɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ
Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɵɯ,ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɣ ȾɌɉ, «ɭɦɧɵɯ»ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ:
x ɉɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɣ
Ɉɫɧɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɣ ɯɨɞɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɝɧɹɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɧɟɜɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ
Ɉɫɧɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɣ ɜɵɫɨɤɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɨɩ-ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚɦɢ Ɉɫɧɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɞɜɭɯɤɨɥɟɫɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɞɧɟɜɧɵɦɢ ɯɨɞɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɝɧɹɦɢ ɉɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɟɡɦɨɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ
x Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɫ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɨɣ ɧɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɣ ȾɌɉ:
Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɲɟɯɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɜɟɥɨɫɢɩɟɞɢɫɬɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɣ ɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɭ ɚɜɬɨɛɭɫɨɜ ɢ ɝɪɭɡɨɜɢɤɨɜ
Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɝɪɭɡɨɜɢɤɚɯ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɯ, ɡɚɞɧɢɯ ɢ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɩɨɞɤɚɬɚ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɣ
ɋɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɟɞɭɳɢɯ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɨɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟ ɨɬ ɥɨɛɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɭɞɚɪɨɜ
Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɟɞɭɳɢɯ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɨɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟ ɨɬ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɪɢɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ
Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɦɧɹɦɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ,ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɞɭɲɤɚɦɢ
ɋɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ
«ɍɦɧɵɟ»ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɢ
x «ɍɦɧɵɟ»ɚɜɬɨɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ
Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ «ɭɦɧɵɯ»ɫɢɝɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɜ,ɧɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɸɳɢɯ ɨ ɪɟɦɧɹɯ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ,
«ɭɦɧɵɯ» ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ, ɚɧɬɢɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ:
x ɉɪɢɧɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɸ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɬɟɥɟɤɚɦɟɪ ɫ ɮɢɤɫɚɰɢɟɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
x Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɨ ɡɥɨɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɢ ɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɟɦ: ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɥɢɦɢɬɨɜ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɫɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɧɚɪɭɲɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɬɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɫ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɦɢ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɯ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ
x Ɂɚɤɨɧɵ ɨɛ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɦɧɟɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɟɬɫɤɢɯ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ
x Ɂɚɤɨɧɵ ɨɛ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɲɥɟɦɚ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ
x ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɦ ɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ
Ɉɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ȾɌɉ
x ɍɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ ɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɷɤɫɬɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ x ɍɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɧɢɰɚɯ
x Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ
ɐȿɅɖ ȿɄɆɌ ȼ ɈȻɅȺɋɌɂ ȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ ȾɈɊɈɀɇɈȽɈ Ⱦȼɂɀȿɇɂə ɂ ɉɈɊəȾɈɄ ɆɈɇɂɌɈɊɂɇȽȺ
ȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɖ ȾɈɊɈɀɇɈȽɈ Ⱦȼɂɀȿɇɂə:
ȾɈɋɌɂɀȿɇɂȿ ɐȿɅɂ ɋɈɄɊȺɓȿɇɂə Ʉ 2012 Ƚ.ɑɂɋɅȺ ɉɈȽɂȻɒɂɏ ɇȺ 50%
ɉɈɊəȾɈɄ ɆɈɇɂɌɈɊɂɇȽȺ CEMT/CM(2004)12
Ⱦɨɪɨɠɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɫɬɜɢɹ – ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɨɟ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ-ɱɥɟɧɚɯ ȿɄɆɌ. ȼ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ ɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɨ ɩɨɝɢɛɚɸɬ ɨɤɨɥɨ 100000 ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ 2 ɦɢɥɥɢɨɧɨɜ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬ ɬɪɚɜɦɵ. Ⱦɨɪɨɠɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɫɬɜɢɹ - ɷɬɨ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɞɥɹ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ, ɫɚɦɵɣ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɣ ɭɛɢɣɰɚ ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɦɭɠɱɢɧ, ɛɪɟɦɹ ɨɝɪɨɦɧɵɯ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɞɟɪɠɟɤ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ.
ȼɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ȿɄɆɌ ɜɟɞɟɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɛɨɪɶɛɚ ɫ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɫɬɜɢɹɦɢ.ȿɫɬɶ ɧɨɜɵɟ, ɛɨɥɟɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ, ɧɨɜɚɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ, ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɬɢɜɵ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɤɨɧɬɪɦɟɪɵ)ɢ ɨɩɵɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɪ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫɬɪɚɧ.ɋɸɞɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɲɜɟɞɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɹ «ɉɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɚ - ɧɨɥɶ»; ɨɱɟɧɶ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɢ, ɧɚɦɟɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ; ɧɨɜɵɟ ɭɫɢɥɢɹ ɩɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ; ɧɨɜɚɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɮɢɪɦ ɤ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɸ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨɷɬɚɩɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɤ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɰɟɥɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ. ɗɬɢ ɦɟɪɵ ɩɪɢɧɨɫɹɬ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢ ɩɨɞɚɸɬ ɢɞɟɢ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɩɟɪɟɞ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ.
ȿɄɆɌ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɥɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɚ ɭɫɢɥɢɹɦ ɩɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɸ ɱɢɫɥɚ ȾɌɉ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟɦ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɥɭɠɢɬɶ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ.
ȼɵɡɵɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɤɪɚɣɧɸɸ ɨɡɚɛɨɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɫɬɜɢɣ ɢ ɢɯ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɨɛɭɞɢɥɢ ɋɨɜɟɬ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɫɫɢɢ ɜ Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟ ɜ 2002 ɝ.ɟɞɢɧɨɞɭɲɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ ɨɛɳɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ-ɱɥɟɧɨɜ ȿɄɆɌ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɰɟɥɶ.Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɪɵ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ȿɄɆɌ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢɫɶ ɫɨɤɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɤ 2012 ɝ.ɱɢɫɥɨ ɠɟɪɬɜ ȾɌɉ ɧɚ 50%
ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ 2002 ɝ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɣ «ɐɟɥɢ»ɤɚɠɞɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɧɚ-ɱɥɟɧ ȿɄɆɌ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɫɜɨɸ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɸ.
Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɱɬɟɧɵ ɜɫɟ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ. Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ɩɨ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ,ɨɩɢɪɚɹɫɶ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ,ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɨɦ Ɋɭɦɚɪɨɦ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ «ɉɪɨɲɥɨɟ, ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɢ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ȿɄɆɌ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ» [CEMT/CM(2002)14], ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɥɚ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɟ ɪɚɦɤɢ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ ɩɪɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ.
ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ 17 ɲɚɝɨɜ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɱɧɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ,ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ.
ɗɬɢ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɫɝɪɭɩɩɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɩɨ ɬɪɟɦ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɦ ɬɟɦɚɦ:
x ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɜɟɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ/ɨɛɳɢɧ;
ɛɨɥɶɲɢɣ ɭɩɨɪ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɜɢɞɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɸ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ,ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ
1. Ɋɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɭ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɭ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ,ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ (ȼɈɁ 1999 ɝ.)ɫ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹɦɢ;
2. ȼɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɵɣ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɡ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ;
3. ȼɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɸ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɚɯ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ, ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɭɸɫɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɨɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ,ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ;
4. Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɢɬɶ ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɵɟ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɢ,ɩɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ,ɧɚ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɚɠɟ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ;
5. əɫɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɪɨɥɶ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɯ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɧɚ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ, ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ;
6. ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɫɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɥɚɧ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɩɨ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ,ɟɫɥɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ - ɫ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ;
7. ȼ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɭɜɹɡɚɬɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ, ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ, ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ;
8. ɂɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɰ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ, ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɥɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɨɬ ɜɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɥɢɰ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ, ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɥɨ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɵɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ;
x ȼɚɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɢɧɨɣ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ
9. ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɨ ȾɌɉ ɢ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɚɦ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɭɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɧɵɟ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨɬɨɱɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ;
10.ɂɡɭɱɚɬɶ ɢ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɦɟɪɵ;
11.ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ;