ԛℂ⊛ᄙ᭽ᕈ߇ࠆߎߣࠍㆬቯၮḰߣߒߡ↪ߚޕ߹ߚᄖ㙚߿ᐭߩ⡯ຬޔ↥ᬺ⇇
ߩኾ㐷ኅߦㆬቯߦߟߡ⋧⺣ߒߚޕ
⺞ᩏኻ⽎ߣߔࠆࡊࡠࠣࡓߦߟߡߪޔ13ઙ㧔ᄖࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚࡊࡠࠣࡓ9ઙޔ㐿⊒េ
ഥࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚࡊࡠࠣࡓ4ઙ㧕ߦ㒢ቯߒߚޕߎࠇએߦࡊࡠࠣࡓ߇ታᣉߐࠇߡࠆ߇ޔ ᐕ㑆8⊖ਁ࠼࡞એޔ߽ߒߊߪ50ੱએߩᅑቇ㊄ઃ߇ࠆ߽ߩࠍᦨૐၮḰߣߒߡㆬቯߒߚޕ ߎࠇࠄએᄖߦ߽ၮḰࠍḩߚߔ߽ߩ߽ࠆ߇ޔචಽߥᖱႎ߇ࠆࡊࡠࠣࡓߩߺࠍᒰᬌᩏႎ ๔ᦠߦឝタߒߡࠆޕ
ᧄ⺞ᩏߩᄢㇱಽߪ☨࿖߮Ყセኻ⽎࿖ߩ⡯ຬߦኻߔࠆࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘߦଥࠊߞߡࠆޕ
⸰ࠍߔࠆਛߢޔ⾗㊄េഥߩขᒁޔᅑቇ㊄ઃߩ✚㗵ઙᢙޔࡊࡠࠣࡓߩ⹏ଔ⋡ᮡ
╬ࠍ㑐ㅪᦠ㘃ࠍ㓸ߒߚޕ⺞ᩏኻ⽎ߩਛߦߪ⚦ߥᖱႎࠍᓧࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ႐ว߽ࠆޕ ߐࠄߦߪ⺞ᩏߩᕈ⾰ޔ⺞ᩏኻ⽎࿖߆ࠄᚻߒߚ࠺࠲ߩା㗬ᕈߦߟߡ⁛┙ߒߚᬌ⸽
⹏ଔࠍߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚޕ߹ߚ⺞ᩏኻ⽎࿖ߩᴺ߿↳๔ߦߟߡ⁛┙ߒߚᬌ⸽⹏ଔ ࠍߔࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚޕઍࠊࠅߦ⡯ຬߣߩ⼏⺰߿㓸ߒߚᦠ㘃ߦၮߠߡࠆޕ
࿑ ࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ⺞ᩏߩኻ⽎
⾗ᢱGAO㧔2009㧕HIGHER EDUCATION : Approaches to Attract and Fund International Students in the United States and Abroad
عᬌᩏ⚿ᨐ
㧔1㧕☨࿖߮ኻ⽎࿖ߩ⋡ᮡޔ⇐ቇ↢ࠍᗖ߈ઃߌࠆߚߦណ↪ߒߡࠆࠕࡊࡠ࠴ᚻᴺ ోߡߩ⺞ᩏኻ⽎࿖ߦ߅ߡޔេഥኻ⽎ߩ⇐ቇ↢߇ᄖޔ⊒ዷޔ⚻ᷣޔߘߩઁߩ⋡⊛ߩଦ ㅴߦነਈߔࠆߎߣࠍᦼᓙߒߡޔ㜞╬ᢎ⢒߳ߩ⾗㊄េഥࠍⴕߥߞߡ߅ࠅޔߒ߫ߒ߫ߎࠇࠄߩ
⋡⊛߇หᤨߦᦼᓙߐࠇߡࠆ႐ว߽ࠆޕ߃߫ࠝࠬ࠻ࠕߢߪޔ࿖㓙⊛ߥ㜞╬ᢎ⢒
ߪ⚻ᷣߩ⋡ᮡߩ㆐ᚑߦᓎ┙ߞߡࠆߣߩߎߣߢࠅޔ3⇟⋡ߦᄢ߈ߥャಽ㊁ߣߥߞߡ߅ ࠅޔ130ం࠼࡞ߦ߽߱ޕ߹ߚޔߎ߁ߒߚ⇐ቇ↢ߪᄖߩ⋡ᮡߩ㆐ᚑߦ߽ᓎ┙ߞߡࠆޕ ߎ߁ߒߚ⋡ᮡߩ㆐ᚑߦะߌޔฦ࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ⇐ቇ↢ߦ⚫ߔࠆߚޔ᭽ޘߥ ᚻᴺࠍណ↪ߒߡࠆޕ⧷࿖ޔ࠼ࠗ࠷ޔࠝࠬ࠻ࠕߣߞߚ࿖ޘߢߪޔࡑࠤ࠹ࠖࡦࠣ
ᚢ⇛ࠍ᭴▽ߒߡ߅ࠅޔડᬺߩትવߩࠃ߁ߦޔࡠࠧ߿ࠬࡠࠟࡦࠍ↪ߚࡉࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣࠍ ⴕߥߞߡࠆޕ߹ߚޔోߡߩ࿖ߦ߅ߡޔ⇐ቇࠍᬌ⸛ߒߡࠆቇ↢ߦะߌߚ࠙ࠛࡉࠨࠗ࠻
ࠍߒߡࠆޕ
㧔2㧕☨࿖߮ኻ⽎࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒េഥࡊࡠࠣࡓ
⺞ᩏኻ⽎ߣߥߞߚᄖ߿㐿⊒េഥࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚᄙߊߩᅑቇ㊄ઃࡊࡠࠣࡓߪޔഞ❣ߦ ၮߠߊⷙḰߢฃ⛎⠪ࠍㆬቯߒߡ߅ࠅޔᄢቇ㒮ࡌ࡞ߩ⎇ⓥࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߡࠆޕ߹ߚᬺᢱ
߿ߘߩઁߩ⾌↪ࠍ߹߆ߥ߁߽ߩߣߥߞߡࠆޕ
⺞ᩏኻ⽎࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒េഥࡊࡠࠣࡓߦ߅ߡߪޔᄙߊߩㅢὐ߇ࠄࠇߚ߇ޔ
ℂ⊛▸࿐ޔᐕ㑆េഥ᳓Ḱޔട᳓Ḱ╬ߦ߅ߡߪ⋧㆑߇ߞߚޕਥⷐߥᄖࡊࡠࠣࡓ ߦߟߡߪޔᄖߩ▸࿐ࠍᦨᄢൻߔࠆߚߦޔ৻⥸⊛ߦ40߆࿖એߩᐢ࿖߆ࠄߩ⇐ቇ
↢߇ࡊࡠࠣࡓࠍ↪ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߡࠆޕ
࿑ ᅑቇ㊄ઃࡊࡠࠣࡓߦ߅ߌࠆㆬቯၮḰ╬
㩷 ਥ࿖ᐭࡊࡠࠣࡓฬ
ㆬቯ ၮḰ
ኻ⽎ ᦼ㑆
䉥䊷䉴䊃䊤䊥䉝䋺Australian Endeavour Awards ታ❣ 䈾䈿ᄢቇ㒮↢ 2-3ᐕ ਛ࿖䋺Chinese Government Scholarships Program ታ❣ ᄢቇ㒮↢䊶ቇㇱ↢ 1-7ᐕ
EU䋺EU Erasmus Mundus ታ❣ ᄢቇ㒮↢䈱䉂 1-2ᐕ
䊄䉟䉿䋺German Academic Exchange Service Study
Scholarships and Research Grants ታ❣ 䈾䈿ᄢቇ㒮↢ 1ᐕ
⧷࿖䋺UK Chevening Programme ታ❣ 䈾䈿ᄢቇ㒮↢ 2-4ᐕ
☨࿖䋺U.S. Edmund S. Muskie Graduate Fellowship Program ታ❣ ᄢቇ㒮↢䈱䉂 1-2ᐕ
☨࿖䋺U.S. Fulbright Foreign Student Program ታ❣ ᄢቇ㒮↢䈱䉂 1-5ᐕ ᄖ
☨࿖䋺U.S. Global Undergraduate Exchange Program ታ❣ ቇㇱ↢䈱䉂 0.5-1ᐕ 䉥䊷䉴䊃䊤䊥䉝䋺Australian Development Scholarships ታ❣ 䈾䈿ᄢቇ㒮↢ 2-4ᐕ 䉥䊷䉴䊃䊤䊥䉝䋺Australian Leadership Awards Scholarships ታ❣ 䈾䈿ᄢቇ㒮↢ 2-4ᐕ
☨࿖䋺U.S. Collaborative Research Support Programs ታ❣ 䈾䈿ᄢቇ㒮↢ 1-5ᐕ 㐿⊒
េഥ
☨࿖䋺U.S. Cooperative Association of States for Scholarships ታ❣䋯 ᔅⷐᕈ
⡯ᬺᢎ⢒ 2ᐕ
⾗ᢱGAO㧔2009㧕HIGHER EDUCATION : Approaches to Attract and Fund International Students in the United States and Abroad
ޣ☨࿖⚦ԙޤࡒ࠾ࠕࡓ࠴ࡖࡦࠫ␠㧦MCCߪޔᄙߊߩ࠴ࡖࡦࠫߩታᣉߦข⚵
ࠎߢ߈ߚ߇ޔ⽷ോ▤ℂߣၮ⋚⸘↹ߩᡷༀ߇ᔅⷐߢࠆ
MILENNIUM CHALENGE CORPORATION MCC Has Addressed a Number of Implementation Challenges, but Needs to Improve Financial Controls and Infrastructure Planning
2009ᐕ11㧔GAO-10-52㧕 http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d1052.pdf
عⷐ
ࡒ࠾ࠕࡓ࠴ࡖࡦࠫ␠㧔Millennium Challenge Corporation㧦MCC㧕ߪⵍេഥ࿖ᡰេߦ 㑐ߔࠆ․ળ⸘ߢࠆࡒ࠾ࠕࡓ࠴ࡖࡦࠫળ⸘㧔Millennium Challenge Accounts㧦MCA㧕 ࠍㅢߓߡޔኻᄖេഥࠍⴕߥߞߡࠆ߇ޔߘߩ⺑⽿છࠍ⏕ߔࠆߚޔMCC߇ࠟࠗ࠼ࠗ
ࡦࠍឭଏߒߚࠅޔⵍេഥ࿖ߦኻߒߡ⒢ോ⺑⽿છ⸘↹㧔Fiscal Accountability Plan㧦FAP㧕ߩ
╷ቯࠍⷐ⺧ߒߚࠅߒߡࠆޕ2008ᐕߩ⛔ว੍▚ᴺߦࠃࠆⷐ⺧ࠍฃߌߡޔᧄᬌᩏߢߪޔMCA ࠍㅢߓߚᡰេߦ߅ߌࠆ⽷ോ߿⺞㆐ᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆౝㇱ⛔߇ㆡಾߦታᣉߐࠇߡࠆ߆ߦߟ
ߡ⏕ߒߡࠆޕ
ع⚻✲⋡⊛
MCCߪޔ2004ᐕߦ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ࠍㅢߓߡ⽺࿎ࠍᷫߔࠆߎߣࠍࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߣߒߡ⸳┙ߐࠇߚ
⚵❱ߢࠅޔᤨὐߦ߅ߡ19߆࿖ߣߩදቯߩ߽ߣޔ69ం࠼࡞ࠍኻᄖេഥߦߡߡࠆޕ
ౕ⊛ߥេഥߩታᣉߦߚߞߡޔMCCߪⵍេഥ࿖ߦMCAࠍ⸳ቯߒޔⵍេഥ࿖ߦ▤ℂᮭ㒢 ࠍᆔ⼑ߒߡࠆޕߎߩMCAߢߪޔMCCߦࠃࠆࠟࠗ࠼ࠗࡦߦߘߞߡޔੱຬ㈩⟎ޔ⽷ോ⸘
↹ߩ▤ℂታᣉޔᡰ߿⺞㆐ߩᛚޔදቯߩ߽ߣߢߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩታᣉࠍⴕߥߞߡࠆޕ 2008ᐕߩ⛔ว੍▚ᴺ㧔Consolidated Appropriation Act, 2008㧕ߩⷐ⺧ߦᓥޔGAOߪޔMCC
߮MCAߦ߅ߌࠆԘ⽷ോ▤ℂޔԙ⺞㆐ᘠⴕޔԚᄾ⚂߮ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ㐿⊒ታᣉ▤ℂ ߦߟߡᬌᩏࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
عᬌᩏ▸࿐ᣇᴺ
2008ᐕߩ⛔ว੍▚ᴺߢߪޔGAO߇MCC߮MCAߦ߅ߌࠆԘ⽷ോ▤ℂޔԙ⺞㆐ᘠⴕޔ Ԛᄾ⚂߮ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ㐿⊒ታᣉ▤ℂߦߟߡᬌᩏߔࠆߎߣࠍ᳞ߡࠆޕߘߎߢޔ ࡎࡦࠫࡘࠬޔࠣ࡞ࠫࠕޔࠞࡏࡌ࡞࠺ߩ 3 ߆࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ⚦ߥࡆࡘࠍㅢߒߡޔMCC ߩ⽷ോ▤ℂޔ⺞㆐ޔᄾ⚂߮ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻▤ℂߦߟߡߩࡈࡓࡢࠢࠍᬌᩏߔࠆߎߣ ߣߒߚޕߎࠇࠄ 3 ߆࿖ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐࠍޔ⛔⸘⊛ߦઁߩ࿖ޘߦ৻⥸ൻߔࠆߎߣߪߢ ߈ߥ߇ޔߎࠇࠄ3߆࿖߳ߩMCCߩ㗵߇ᄙߣ߁ߎߣߢㆬᛯߒߚޕߥ߅ޔߎࠇࠄࠃ ࠅ㊄߇ᄙ࿖߽ߞߚ߇ޔᴦ⁁ᴫ╬ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡߎߩ3߆࿖ߣߒߚޕ
߹ߚޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ࠲ࠗࡊ߿ⷙᮨߦࠃࠆᄌൻࠍ⏕ߔࠆߎߣ߽ᔨ㗡ߦ߅߈ㆬቯߒߡ
ࠆޕߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔߘࠇߙࠇඨᢙએࠍ〝߿ᯅ╬ߣߞߚࠗࡦࡈ㑐ㅪߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻
ߦߡߡࠆ⁁ᴫߢࠆޕฦ࿖ߩౝ⸶ߪޔએਅߩ࿑ߦ␜ߒߡࠆㅢࠅߢࠆޕ
ࡎࡦࠫࡘࠬ ࠣ࡞ࠫࠕ
䊝䊆䉺䊥䊮䉫䊶⹏ଔ 䋥5.0 䊒䊨䉫䊤䊛▤ℂ 䋥11.8
ᣇ㐿⊒䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃 䋥74.6
ャㅍ䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䋥123.6
ว⸘ 䋥215.0 2005ᐕ929ᣣ
䊝䊆䉺䊥䊮䉫䊶⹏ଔ 䋥8.5 䊒䊨䉫䊤䊛▤ℂ 䋥23.9
䉣䊈䊦䉩䊷ᓳᣥᵴേ 䋥62.5
ว⸘ 䋥215.0 2005ᐕ929ᣣ
ડᬺ㐿⊒ 䋥47.4
ၞ䉟䊮䊐䊤ᢛᵴേ 䋥69.5
〝ᓳᣥᵴേ 䋥18.4
ว⸘ 䋥395.3 2006ᐕ47ᣣ
ࠞࡏࡌ࡞࠺
᳃㑆䉶䉪䉺䊷㐿⊒䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃 䋥2.1
䊝䊆䉺䊥䊮䉫䊶⹏ଔ 䋥3.6
ಽ᳓ὐ䈶ㄘᬺᡰេ䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃 䋺 䋥11.0
䊒䊨䉫䊤䊛ታᣉ䋥10.2
䉟䊮䊐䊤ᢛᵴേ 䋥83.2
ว⸘䋥110.1 2005ᐕ1017ᣣ
⾗ ᢱ 㧕GAO㧔2009㧕 MILENNIUM CHALENGE CORPORATION MCC Has Addressed a Number of Implementation Challenges, but Needs to Improve Financial Controls and Infrastructure Planning
⺞ᩏ⋡⊛ߏߣߩᬌᩏᣇᴺߦߟߡߪޔએਅߩߣ߅ࠅߢࠆޕ
¾ MCC ߩ⽷▤ℂ߇ฦ࿖ߩ⽷ᡰេߩ⺑⽿છߦነਈߒߚ߆㧦 MCC ߩࠦࡦࡄࠢ࠻ߩ ᄾ⚂ᤨߦ߅ߌࠆ⽷⊛ⷐ᳞㗄ߦߟߡ⏕ߒߚޕMCCߪౝㇱ⛔ᚻ⛯ߩ㐿⊒ታᣉ
╬ߩᄢㇱಽࠍⵍេഥ࿖ߦᆔ⼑ߒߡࠆߎߣ߇ࠄ߆ߦߥࠅޔⵍេഥ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆᣇ㊎
ᚻ⛯ߦ⌕⋡ߔࠆߎߣߣߒߚޕ
ࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
¾ ⵍេഥ࿖߇FAPߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ޔઁߩᦠ㘃ߢⷙቯߐࠇߚౝㇱ⛔ࠍṖߦታᣉߒߡࠆ ߆㧦ⵍេഥ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ⽷ോ▤ℂߩ᭴ㅧޔᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ࠍᛠីߔࠆߚޔᜂᒰ⡯ຬߦኻߔ ࠆࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ․ߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ࠍ․ቯߔࠆߚMCAߩ⽷ോ▤ℂ ㇱߩታᬌ⸽߿ࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ߹ߚޔߎࠇࠄߩ▤ℂᵴേߩㆡಾᕈࠍ⹏ଔߔ ࠆߚߩ࠹ࠬ࠻ࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
FAPߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ߦ␜ߐࠇߡࠆၮḰࠍ↪ߡޔMCAߦଥࠆขᒁࠍ࠹ࠬ࠻ߒߚޕ
࠹ࠬ࠻ࠍታᣉߔࠆߦߚࠅޔ2007 ᐕᐲ߆ࠄ 2008ᐕᐲߦ߅ߌࠆᡰߦߟߡࠨࡦࡊ
࡞ࠍ㓏ጀൻήὑߒߚޕ
ߎࠇࠄߩࠨࡦࡊ࡞ߦߟߡޔᡰߦ㑐ߔࠆᚻ⛯߇ㆡಾߦታᣉߐࠇߡߚ߆⏕ߒߚޕ ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔขᒁߩㅊ〔߇ߢ߈ߥ႐ว߇ࠆ╬ߣߞߚ⚂߆ࠄޔࠨࡦࡊ࡞ߩ
⚿ᨐ߆ࠄోࠍផ⸘ߔࠆߎߣߪᢿᔨߒߚޕ
⾗ᢱ㧕GAO㧔2009㧕 MILENNIUM CHALENGE CORPORATION MCC Has Addressed a Number of Implementation Challenges, but Needs to Improve Financial Controls and Infrastructure Planning
¾ 3߆࿖߆ࠄឭߐࠇߚ⽷ോ࠺࠲ߩାᙀᕈ㧦࠺࠲ߩ࠹ࠬ࠻ޔ࠺࠲ߦ㑐ߔࠆᦠ㘃ߩ
ࡆࡘޔᐭ⡯ຬ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕᬌᩏႎ๔ᦠߦᵴ↪ߢ߈ࠆା↪ߢ߈ࠆ
߽ߩߣ್ᢿߒߚޕ
¾ MCCߩ⺞㆐ࡈࡓ߮ߘߩ⹏ଔ㧦MCCߩࠦࡦࡄࠢ࠻ޔMCCߩ⺞㆐ߦ㑐ߔࠆࠟࠗ࠼
ࠗࡦ╬ߩࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ߹ߚޔࡢࠪ࠻ࡦߦ߅ߌࠆMCCߩ⡯ຬޔⵍេഥ࿖ߦ߅ ߌࠆᜂᒰ⡯ຬߦኻߔࠆࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒޔࠃࠅᷓℂ⸃ࠍᓧߚޕ
¾ MCCߩ⺞㆐ࡈࡓߦኻߔࠆⵍេഥ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆㆩ⁁ᴫ㧦3߆࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ2008ᐕᐲߩ
⺞㆐ߦߟߡޔࠨࡦࡊ࡞ࠍ㓏ጀൻήὑߒޔ࠹ࠬ࠻ߒߚޕ
ਅ⸥ߩ࿑ߩߣ߅ࠅޔ⺞㆐ߪ4ߟߩ㓏ጀߦಽ㘃ߒߚޕߘࠇߙࠇߩࠨࡦࡊ࡞ᢙᲣᢙ ࠍ࿖ߏߣߦ␜ߒߡࠆޕ⛔⸘ቇޔ߽ߒߊߪ㗴߇ࠆࠬࠢ߇㜞႐วߦߟߡ ߪޔోᢙࠍ⺞ᩏኻ⽎ߣߒߡࠆ႐ว߽ࠆޕ
⾗ ᢱ 㧕GAO㧔2009㧕 MILENNIUM CHALENGE CORPORATION MCC Has Addressed a Number of Implementation Challenges, but Needs to Improve Financial Controls and Infrastructure Planning
ࠨࡦࡊ࡞ߣߥߞߚ⺞㆐ߦߟߡᚻ⛯߇ MCC ߩ⺞㆐ၮḰߦᴪߞߡࠆ߆⹏ଔߒߚޕ
⹏ଔߦߚߞߡߪޔએਅߩMCCߩࠟࠗ࠼ࠗࡦࠍ↪ߡࠆޕ
⾗ ᢱ 㧕GAO㧔2009㧕 MILENNIUM CHALENGE CORPORATION MCC Has Addressed a Number of Implementation Challenges, but Needs to Improve Financial Controls and Infrastructure Planning
¾ MCCߩ⺞㆐ߦⷐ᳞ߐࠇࠆ࠲ࠗࡓࡈࡓ㧦 ‛ຠޔᓎോޔࠦࡦࠨ࡞࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠨࡆ
ࠬ╬ߩ⾌↪߇ 100 ਁ࠼࡞ࠍ߃ࠆ߽ߩࠍਥⷐߥ⺞㆐ߣߒߡޔ⺞㆐ታᣉ⸘↹╬ߩࡆࡘ
ࠍታᣉߒߚޕ߹ߚޔ㑐ㅪᦠ㘃ߩࡆࡘߣߣ߽ߦޔⵍេഥ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ⺞㆐ᜂᒰ⠪ߦ ኻߔࠆࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
¾
عᬌᩏ⚿ᨐ
㧔1㧕MCCߩ⺑⽿છ㑐ߔࠆࠟࠗ࠼ࠗࡦߪޔⵍេഥ࿖ߦ߅ߡචಽߥ⾗㊄▤ℂࠍߔࠆߦ
ߚߞߡޔᔅߕߒ߽↪ߣߥߞߡߥޕ
GAO߇ࡆࡘࠍⴕߞߚ3߆࿖ߦ߅ߡߪޔMCCߩࠟࠗ࠼ࠗࡦߩⷐ⺧ߦߒߚ߇ߞߡޔ
⽷ോ▤ℂޔᢥᦠ▤ℂ╬ߩౝㇱ⛔ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡐࠪ߿ᚻ⛯ࠍⷙቯߔࠆᢥᦠߢࠆޔFAP ࠍ╷ቯߒߡߚޕߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔ৻ㇱߩᡰߩߚߩࡐࠪ߿ᚻ⛯ߥߤߩ․ቯߩಽ㊁ ߦ߅ߡޔਇ⿷߇߁ߌࠄࠇߚޕMCCߩදቯߦ߅ߡฦ࿖ߦFAPߩ╷ቯࠍ᳞ߡࠆߦ
߽㑐ࠄߕޔMCC߇ฦ࿖ߦឭଏߒߚᦨೋߩࠟࠗ࠼ࠗࡦߪ᳢↪⊛ߥ߽ߩߢࠅޔฦ࿖߇ㆡ
ಾߥౝㇱ⛔ᐲࠍ᭴▽ߔࠆߦߚߞߡ⋉ߥᖱႎࠍ⋓ࠅㄟࠎߛ߽ߩߣߥߞߡߥ߆ߞ ߚޕ
㧔2㧕MCCߪ⺞㆐ߩࡆࡘߩ᳓Ḱࠍਅߍߡ߅ࠅޔⵍេഥ࿖ߪ৻⥸⊛ߦMCCߩⷐઙߦኻᔕ ߒߡࠆޕ
MCC ߪޔฦ࿖ߩၮ⋚ߦߘߞߡ╷ቯߐࠇߡࠆMCAߦଥࠆ⺞㆐ᜰ㊎ߩᮡḰൻࠍㅴߡ
ࠆޕ2008ᐕߦߐࠇߚ⺞㆐ᜰ㊎ߩᦨᣂ ߩ߶ߣࠎߤߦ߅ߡޔMCCߦࠃࠆ⋙ⷞࠍቢ ߔࠆߚߦ⺞㆐ᓟߩࡆࡘࠍ᳞ߡࠆ߽ߩߩޔᜰ㊎ߢⷐ⺧ߔࠆMCCߦࠃࠆᛚࠍᷫ
ࠄߒߡࠆޕ࿁ᬌᩏኻ⽎ߣߥߞߚ3߆࿖ߢߪޔၮᧄ⊛ߦߪMCCߩ⺞㆐ᜰ㊎ߦᔘታߦᓥ ߞߡࠆޕߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔ⪭ᧅ㗵ߦ㑐ߔࠆଔᩰㆡಾᕈߩಽᨆߩᦠ㘃ൻߥߤޔචಽߥ▤ℂ ߇ߢ߈ߡߥ႐ว߇ࠆޕ
㧔3㧕MCCߢߪ⋙ⷞࠍⴕߥߞߡࠆ߇ޔࠦࡦࡄࠢ࠻ߩ㐿⊒Ბ㓏ߦ߅ߌࠆࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ⸘↹
߇ਇචಽߢࠆߎߣ߇ޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩታᕈࠍ⣀ᒙൻߐߖߡࠆޕ
MCC ߪޔMCA ߩࠗࡦࡈߦ㑐ߔࠆᄾ⚂߿ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦߟߡ⋙ⷞࠍⴕߥߞߡࠆ߽
ߩߩޔදቯߩ㐿⊒߿⾌↪ߩჇᄢߦ߅ߌࠆਇචಽߥ⸘↹߇ޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩታᕈࠍ⣀ᒙ ൻߐߖߡࠆޕ⸘↹߇ਇචಽߢࠆߚߦޔ࠺ࠩࠗࡦࠍࡃࠗࠬߔࠆᔅⷐ߇↢ߓߚࠅޔ ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ▸࿐ࠍ❗ዊߖߑࠆࠍᓧߥ߆ߞߚࠅߔࠆߎߣ߇ࠆޕ߃߫ޔࠞࡏࡌ࡞
࠺ߦᑪ⸳੍ቯߛߞߚ 5 ߟߩ߁ߜ 2ߟߩ〝ߪޔਇචಽߥ࠺ࠩࠗࡦߣ⾌↪Ⴧടߩߚߦ⸘
↹߆ࠄ㒰ᄖߐࠇࠆߎߣߣߥߞߚޕ
عᜰ៰൘๔߮ᯏ㑐ߩᔕ
MCCߦ߅ߌࠆ⽷ോ⊛ࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡞ޔ⺞㆐ᘠⴕޔᄾ⚂▤ℂࠍᡷༀߔࠆߚޔMCCߦኻߒߡ
એਅߩⴕേࠍታᣉߔࠆࠃ߁ᜰ៰ߒߚޕ
㧔1㧕MCAะߌߩMCCߩࠟࠗ࠼ࠗࡦߦߟߡޔએਅߩὐࠍⵍេഥ࿖ߦ᳞ࠆࠃ߁ᡷༀߔ ࠆߎߣޕ
¾ ⵍេഥ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ⽷ോขᒁߦ㑐ߔࠆ✚ว⊛ߥᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯㧔ᮭ㒢ᆔ⼑ޔᛚޔోߡߩ ขᒁ㘃ဳߦ㑐ߔࠆਥⷐߥᢥᦠൻ╬ߦ㑐ߔࠆᚻ⛯ࠍ൮ߔࠆࡌࠬ࠻ࡊࠢ࠹ࠖࠬߦว
⥌ߔࠆࠃ߁ߥ㧕ࠍFAPߦࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆޕ
¾ ⵍេഥ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩᡰᛄߦ㑐ߔࠆᣇ㊎߿ᚻ⛯㧔ታᣉᯏ㑐ߩࠦࡦࡊ
ࠗࠕࡦࠬ⁁ᴫߩࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣߣ⹏ଔࠍᜂ߁⡯ຬߦኻߔࠆ⋙ⷞᚻ⛯߿⽿છࠍ㧕ߦޔ FAP߇ว⥌ߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆޕ
㧔2㧕⪭ᧅ㗵ߩㆡಾᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆಽᨆߩታᣉ߮ᢥᦠൻߦߟߡޔሽߩⵍេഥ࿖ะߌߩMCC ߩࠟࠗ࠼ࠗࡦࠍᒝൻߔࠆߎߣޕ
㧔3㧕ⵍេഥ࿖߇ోߡࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻⸘↹ߩข⚵ߺࠍ್ᢿߔࠆߚߩ⸘↹⋡ᮡ㧔ᦨ⚳ታലᕈ⺞
ᩏޔࠛࡦࠫ࠾ࠕࡦࠣ⺞ᩏޔⅣႺ⺞ᩏ╬ߦኻߔࠆMCCߩᦨ⚳ᛚࠍ㧕ࠍ╷ቯߔࠆߎߣޕ 㧔4㧕ⵍេഥ࿖ߦኻߒߡޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻⾌↪ߩⓍߦ㑐ߔࠆ⚦ߥࡆࡘ㧔⾌↪ߩჇടޔ
⚊ᦼߩㆃᑧޔߘߩઁߩ㗴ߦߟߡᗐቯߐࠇࠆࠬࠢߩ▸࿐ࠍ㧕ࠍᚻߔࠆߎߣࠍⷐ
⺧ߔࠆߎߣޕ
ߥ߅ޔߎࠇࠄߩᜰ៰ోߡߦኻߒߡޔMCCߪวᗧߒߡࠆޕ
ޣ☨࿖⚦Ԛޤ࿖㓙㘩ᢱᡰេ㧦ࠃࠅࠃᩕ㙃៨ข߮⾰ߩ▤ℂ߇ޔ☨࿖ߩ㘩ᢱេഥࠍ
ߞߘ߁ᡷༀߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ
INTERNATIONAL FOOD ASSISTANCE Better Nutrition and Quality Control Can Further Improve U.S. Food Aid
2012ᐕ㧔GAO-11-491㧕 http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d11491.pdf
عⷐ
☨࿖ߪ⤘ᄢߥ㘩ᢱᡰេࠍឭଏߒߡࠆ߇ޔᡰេ‛⾗߇ᧄᒰߦฃ⛎⠪ߩ㔛ⷐࠍḩߚߒߡ
ࠆ߆ޔ߹ߚ㘩ᢱᡰេߩࠨࡊࠗ࠴ࠚࡦߦ߅ߌࠆຠ⾰▤ℂ߇ㆡಾߦⴕߥࠊࠇߡࠆ߆ߦߟ
ߡᬌᩏࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
ع⚻✲⋡⊛
50 ᐕએߦࠊߚߞߡޔ⇇ߩ㘩♳ᡰេଏ⛎ߩඨಽࠍଏ⛎ߔࠆ☨࿖ߪޔ․ߦ㕖Ᏹᘒߦ߅
ߡᩕ㙃ਇ⿷߿㘫㙈ࠍㆱߌࠆߚߩ㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߒߡ߈ߚޕ2010 ᐕߦߪޔ46.5⊖ਁੱ
ߩฃ⛎⠪ߦኻߔࠆ✕ᕆᘒߩ㘩ᢱᡰេߦ߅ߡޔ15 ం࠼࡞ࠍ⾌߿ߒߡࠆޕߘ߁ߒߚ㘩♳
ᡰេߩᩕ㙃⊛ଔ୯ࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆߚޔ㘩ᢱᡰេߩࠨࡊࠗ࠴ࠚࡦࠍㅢߒߡຠ⾰▤ℂ߇ⴕߥ ࠊࠇߡࠆޕߘߎߢ GAO ߪޔ㧔1㧕ኻ⽎ฃ⛎⠪ߩᩕ㙃⊛ଔ୯ࠍḩߚߔߚߩ☨࿖ߩข⚵ߺޔ 㧔2㧕㘩ᢱᡰេࠨࡊࠗ࠴ࠚࡦోࠍㅢߓߡ‛⾗ߩຠ⾰ࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆߚߩ☨࿖ߩข⚵ߺޔ ߦߟߡᬌᩏߔࠆߎߣࠍ᳞ࠄࠇߚޕ
عᬌᩏ▸࿐ᣇᴺ
ࡊࡠࠣࡓߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺࠲ߩಽᨆޔᐭᯏ㑐߮ታᣉߦߚߞߡߩㅪ៤ᯏ㑐ߦኻߔࠆࠗ
ࡦ࠲ࡆࡘޔ☨࿖߮ࠕࡈࠞ4߆࿖ߢߩࡈࠖ࡞࠼ࡢࠢࠍⴕߥߞߚޕ
عᬌᩏ⚿ᨐ
㧔1㧕☨࿖ߩ㘩ᢱᡰេߪޔ⍴ᦼߩ㕖Ᏹᘒߦ߅ߡᔅⷐਇนᰳߥࠞࡠ߮ߘߩઁߩᩕ㙃
⚛ࠍଏ⛎ߒߡࠆ߇ޔሶߤ߽╬ߩᒙ⠪ߩᩕ㙃࠾࠭ߪḩߚߒߡߥߢࠈ߁
☨࿖ߩ㘩ᢱេഥߪ↢⛽ᜬߦᭂߡ㊀ⷐߥࠞࡠ߮ߘߩઁߩᩕ㙃⚛ࠍଏ⛎ߒߡࠆޕ ߒ߆ߒޔ⍴ᦼ㑆ߩ㕖Ᏹᘒߦኻᔕߔࠆߎߣࠍᗐቯߒߡ㈩⛎㊂ߪ⸳ቯߐࠇߡ߅ࠅޔ㐳ᦼ㑆ߩ 㕖Ᏹᘒߢฃ⛎⠪߇㘩ᢱᡰេߩߺߦଐሽߒߡࠆࠃ߁ߥ႐วߦߪޔ⁁ߢߪචಽߥᩕ㙃ࠍ ଏ⛎ߢ߈ߥߢࠈ߁ޕ㐳ᒁߊ㕖Ᏹᘒߦ߅ߡߪޔ⾗㊄ଏ⛎߿‛⾗ߩㆇ៝ߩਛᢿ߇⊒↢
ߔࠇ߫ޔᩕ㙃ฃ⛎ࠍḩߚߔߎߣ߇ߐࠄߦ࿎㔍ߣߥࠆޕ
ᣂߚߦ㐿⊒ߐࠇߚ․㘩ᢱ‛⾗
131
ߪޔᒙ⠪ߩᩕ㙃࠾࠭ࠍࠃࠅḩߚߔẜ⊛ߥ⢻ജ߇
ࠆ߇ޔߎࠇࠄߩ㘩ᢱ‛⾗ߪ৻⥸⊛ߥ߽ߩߣᲧߴߡ㜞ଔߢࠆޕ⚿ᨐߣߒߡޔ☨࿖ᐭᯏ㑐
߮ታᣉᯏ㑐ߪޔ․㘩ᢱ‛⾗ߩ⾌↪ߩ㗴ߣޔฃ⛎⠪ߩᄙߐߣ․ቯߩฃ⛎⠪ߦኻߔࠆᩕ
㙃⊛ലᨐߩᄢ߈ߐߩ࠻࠼ࠝࡈߩ㗴ߦ⋥㕙ߔࠆޕ߃߫ޔ৻⥸⊛ߥ㘩ᢱ㈩⛎㊂ߩ႐ว ߩ1ᣣߚࠅߩ⾌↪ߪ6߆ߩሶߤ߽ߢ0.02࠼࡞ޔ2ᱦߩሶߤ߽ߢ0.09࠼࡞ߢࠆޕ․
㘩ᢱ‛⾗ߩ႐วߦߪޔߎࠇࠃࠅᦝߦ㜞㗵ߦߥߞߡߒ߹߁ޕ
ߐࠄߦޔߎ߁ߒߚ․㘩ᢱ‛⾗ࠍㆡಾߥኻ⽎⠪ߦឭଏߔࠆߎߣ߽⺖㗴ߣߥࠆޕㆡಾߥኻ
⽎⠪ߦឭଏߢ߈ߥߌࠇ߫ޔኻ⽎⠪ߩᩕ㙃⁁ᴫࠍᡷༀߐߖࠆߣ߁ฦᯏ㑐ߩข⚵ߺࠍบήߒ ߦߔࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡߒ߹߁ޕ
࿑ ৻⥸⊛ߥ㘩ᢱ‛⾗ߣ․㘩ᢱ‛⾗ߩ⾌↪ߩᲧセ
⾗ᢱ㧕GAO㧔2012㧕INTERNATIONAL FOOD ASSISTANCE Better Nutrition and Quality Control Can Further Improve U.S. Food Aid
㧔2㧕Ⲣว߮ᒝൻߐࠇߚ☨࿖ߩ㘩ᢱᡰេ‛⾗ߩ⾰ߪ৻⥸⊛ߦᡷༀߐࠇߚ߇ޔࠨࡊࠗ࠴ࠚ
ࡦߦ߅ߌࠆຠ⾰▤ℂߦߪ⣀ᒙᕈ߇ࠆ
Ⲣว߮ᒝൻߐࠇߚ☨࿖ߩ㘩ᢱᡰេ‛⾗ߩ⾰ߪຠ⾰⸽ᵴേߦࠃߞߡᡷༀߐࠇߡ߈ߚޕ
৻ᣇߢޔ࠺࠲㓸߿㘩ᢱߩᪿ൮╬ޔࠨࡊࠗ࠴ࠚࡦߦ߅ߌࠆຠ⾰▤ℂߦ߅ߡߪ㗴 ߇ᱷߐࠇߡࠆޕ
عᜰ៰൘๔߮ᯏ㑐ߩᔕ
㧔1㧕☨࿖ߩ㘩ᢱᡰេߪޔ⍴ᦼߩ㕖Ᏹᘒߦ߅ߡᔅⷐਇนᰳߥࠞࡠ߮ߘߩઁߩᩕ㙃
⚛ࠍଏ⛎ߒߡࠆ߇ޔᒙ⠪ߩᩕ㙃࠾࠭ߪḩߚߒߡߥߢࠈ߁
☨࿖㘩ᢱេഥߩข⚵ߺ߇ฃ⛎⠪ߩᩕ㙃࠾࠭ࠍḩߚߔߎߣࠍ⏕ታߦߔࠆࠃ߁ޔUSAID ߣ ㄘോ⋭߇ㅪ៤ߒߡએਅߩ3ߟߩᵴേࠍታᣉߔࠆߎߣࠍ൘๔ߔࠆޕ
1 ᐕએ⛮⛯ߔࠆ㕖Ᏹᘒࡊࡠࠣࡓߩฃ⛎⠪ߦኻߒߡන৻ߩଏ⛎ߢචಽߥ㘩ᢱࠍឭଏ ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ޔ⊒↢ߒ߁ࠆᩕ㙃ਇ⿷ߦኻᔕߔࠆᣇᴺߦߟߡߩታᣉᯏ㑐ะߌߩ⏕ߥࠟࠗ
࠼ࠗࡦࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣ
ᄙߊߩᒙ⠪ጀะߌߩᩕ㙃࠾࠭ࠍḩߚߔࠃ߁ߦ㐿⊒ߐࠇߚ․ᡰេ‛⾗ߦߟߡޔߘࠇ ࠄࠍេഥ‛⾗ߩࠬ࠻ߦㅊടߔࠆ೨ߦޔㆡᱜߦᩕ㙃⊛⋡ᮡࠍ㆐ᚑߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ޔߘࠇࠄߩ ലᨐ߮⾌↪ኻലᨐߦߟߡ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣ
․㘩ᢱ‛⾗ࠍ↪ߔߴ߈߆ุ߆ޔߤߩࠃ߁ߦ↪ߔߴ߈߆ߦߟߡ⏕ߥࠟࠗ࠼ࠗ
ࡦࠍޔኻ⽎ߣߔࠆฃ⛎⠪ߦߎࠇࠄߩ‛⾗߇߈ߜࠎߣዯߊࠃ߁࠲ࠥ࠶࠻ᚢ⇛ߦ㑐ߔࠆታ
ᣉᯏ㑐ะߌߩࠟࠗ࠼ࠗࡦ߽ߡឭଏߔࠆߎߣ
㧔2㧕Ⲣว߮ᒝൻߐࠇߚ☨࿖ߩ㘩ᢱᡰេ‛⾗ߩ⾰ߪ৻⥸⊛ߦᡷༀߐࠇߚ߇ޔࠨࡊࠗ࠴ࠚ
ࡦߦ߅ߌࠆຠ⾰▤ℂߦߪ⣀ᒙᕈ߇ࠆ
㘩ᢱᡰេߩࠨࡊࠗ࠴ࠚࡦోࠍㅢߒߡޔ㘩ᢱᡰេ‛⾗ߩຠ⾰▤ℂߦ߅ߌࠆ☨࿖ߩข
⚵ߺࠍᡷༀߔࠆߚޔUSAIDߣㄘോ⋭߇ㅪ៤ߒߡએਅߩ2ߟߩᵴേࠍታᣉߔࠆߎߣࠍ൘๔ ߔࠆޕ
ࠨࡊࠗ࠴ࠚࡦోࠍㅢߓߡ✕ᕆᘒ╬ޔຠ⾰ߦ㑐ߔࠆ㗴ߦߟߡᐭᯏ㑐߮ታ ᣉᯏ㑐߇⏕ታߦᛠីߒߡࠆࠃ߁ޔਥⷐߥຠ⾰ᜰᮡࠍ․ቯޔㅊ〔ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡޔ‛
⾗ߩຠ⾰ߩࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣࠍᒝൻߔࠆߎߣ
ࠨࡊࠗ࠴ࠚࡦߦ߅ߡ⊒↢ߔࠆ߆ߥࠆ⁁ᴫߦ߽⠴ᕈࠍ߽ߟࠃ߁ޔᪿ൮ߩ᭽ߦߟ
ߡ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣ
ޣ☨࿖⚦ԛޤࡂࠗ࠴ߩᓳ⥝㧦☨࿖ᐭߩข⚵ߺ߇㐿ᆎߐࠇߚ߇ޔᒛߐࠇߚ⋙ⷞ߇
߹ߛታᣉߐࠇߡߥ
HAITI RECONSTRUCTION U.S. Efforts Have Begun, Expanded Oversight Still to Be Implemented
2011ᐕ3㧔GAO-11-415㧕 http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d11415.pdf
عⷐ
☨࿖ߪ㔡ἴࠍฃߌߚࡂࠗ࠴ߦኻߒߡᄢ߈ߥេഥࠍታᣉߒߡ߈ߡࠆޕߘߎߢޔ☨࿖ߩᡰ
េ⁁ᴫߦߟߡᛠីߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦޔᓳ⥝ᡰេߦ㑐ߔࠆUSAIDߩౝㇱ⛔߮ޔࡂࠗ࠴ߦ߅ ߌࠆࠟࡃ࠽ࡦࠬ߿⋙ⷞߩ᭴▽⁁ᴫߦߟߡᬌᩏࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
ع⚻✲⋡⊛
2010ᐕ1ߩᄢ㔡ἴߦࠃࠅޔࡂࠗ࠴ߪޔផቯ23ਁੱ߽ߩᱫ⠪ߣޔ200ਁੱ߇ዬࠍᅓ
ࠊࠇߚࠅߔࠆ╬ߩⵍኂࠍฃߌߚޕ☨࿖⼏ળߪ✕ᕆᡰេߦട߃ޔㅊടᡰេߣߒߡ 11.4 ం࠼࡞
એࠍഀᒰߡࠆߎߣࠍቯߒߚޕߎߩ߁ߜߩᄙߊߪ࿖ോ⋭ߣUSAIDߦଏ⛎ߐࠇߚޕ߹ߚห ᐕ 4 ޔࡂࠗ࠴ᐭߪነઃᯏ㑐ߣߩㅪ៤ޔᚢ⇛⊛⸘↹ߩታⴕޔᓳ⥝ࡊࡠࠣࡓߩᛚޔ⺑
⽿છߩ㆐ᚑ╬ߩᯏ⢻ࠍᜂ߁IHRC㧔Interim Haiti Recovery Commission㧕ࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚޕ ߘߎߢޔ⼏ળߩⷐ⺧ࠍ߁ߌߡޔ☨࿖ߩᓳ⥝ᡰេߩᵴ↪⸘↹ޔ⁁ឭଏߐࠇߡࠆ⾗㊄ߩ
✚㗵ޔ☨࿖ߩេഥ㊄ߩ⋙ⷞߦ㑐ߔࠆUSAID ߩౝㇱ⛔ޔIHRC ߩࠟࡃ࠽ࡦࠬ߿⋙ⷞߩ
᭴▽ߦ߅ߌࠆㅴߦߟߡᬌᩏࠍታᣉߔࠆߎߣߣߥߞߚޕ
ฃ㗔⠪ ᢇᷣ ᓳᣥ ᄖ㑐ㅪᡰ ว⸘
࿖ോ⋭USAID 556.5 917.7 144.0 1618.2
࿖ോ⋭ 96.5 147.7 144.0 388.2
USAID 460.0 770.0 - 1230.0
ㄘോ⋭ 150.0 - - 150.0
࿖㒐✚⋭ 655.0 - - 655.0
⽷ോ⋭ - 7.8 - 7.8
⽷ോ⋭ௌോᢇᷣ - 212.0 - 212.0
࿖ో㓚⋭ 60.6 - - 60.6
ஜ␠ળ⋭ 220.0 - - 220.0
USAID/IG - 4.5 - 4.5
ว⸘ 1642.1 1142.0 144.0 2928.1
⾗ᢱGAO㧔2011㧕HAITI RECONSTRUCTION U.S. Efforts Have Begun, Expanded Oversight Still to Be Implemented
عᬌᩏ▸࿐ᣇᴺ
☨࿖߮IHRCߩ⾗ᢱࠍࡆࡘߒߚޕ߹ߚޔ☨࿖ᐭޔࡂࠗ࠴ᐭޔIHRC╬ߩ⡯ຬ
߮㑐ㅪ㕖ᐭ⚵❱ߩ⡯ຬߦኻߒߡࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍⴕߥߞߚޕ
عᬌᩏ⚿ᨐ
㧔1㧕☨࿖ᐭߪ⚻ᷣ⊒ዷࠍೝỗߔࠆߚߩᓳ⥝⾗㊄ࠍឭଏߒߡ߅ࠅޔ2011ᐕ3ߢ20%
߇ၫⴕߐࠇߡࠆ
☨࿖ᐭߪޔ⚻ᷣ⊒ዷߩẜജ߇㜞ߣߒߡㆬᛯߐࠇߚ 3 ၞߦ߅ߡޔ⊒ዷࠍೝỗߔ ࠆߚߩᓳ⥝⾗㊄9ం1800ਁ࠼࡞ࠍഀᒰߡߚޕߎߩ3ၞߦ߅ߡޔ࿖ോ⋭ߣUSAIDߪޔ Ԙࠗࡦࡈ߮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡޔԙ㘩ᢱ߮⚻ᷣో㓚ޔԚஜᐽ߮ઁߩၮ␆⊛ࠨࡆࠬޔ ԛ⛔ᴦ߮ᴺ⒎ᐨߩ4ಽ㊁ߦᡰេ㊄ࠍಽ㈩ߔࠆߣߒߡࠆޕ⚂ඨಽߢࠆ4ం2600ਁ࠼࡞
߇ࠗࡦࡈ߮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡߦߡࠄࠇߡࠆޕ
䉟䊮䊐䊤䊶䉣䊈䊦䉩䊷 䋥425.85
⛔ᴦ䊶ᴺ䈱ᡰ㈩ 䋥292.59
ஜᐽ䊶䈠䈱ઁ䈱 ၮᧄ⊛䉰䊷䊎䉴 䋥118.12
㘩ᢱ䊶
⚻ᷣో㓚 䋥63.61
䈠䈱ઁ
䋥17.50
ಽ㊁ USAID▤ℂ ࿖ോ⋭▤ℂ
⾗ᢱGAO㧔2011㧕HAITI RECONSTRUCTION U.S. Efforts Have Begun, Expanded Oversight Still to Be Implemented
߹ߚUSAID߮࿖ോ⋭ߪޔ2011ᐕ3߹ߢߦޔ9ం1800ਁ࠼࡞ߩ߁ߜޔ߅߅ࠃߘ20㧑ޔ
1ం8430ਁ࠼࡞ࠍၫⴕߒߚߣႎ๔ߒߡࠆޕ
㧔2㧕ᓳ⥝⾗㊄ߩ⋙ⷞߣࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣߦ㑐ߔࠆUSAIDߩ᭴ᗐߪ᭽ޘߥታⴕᲑ㓏ߦࠆ
USAID ߪޔᡰេ㊄߇Ⴧടߔࠆਛߢ㜞߹ࠆࠬࠢߦኻᔕߔࠆߚޔౝㇱ⛔ߩࡈࡓࡢ
ࠢࠍᄢᒝൻߔࠆᣇ㊎ߢࠆޕUSAID ߩᄖ㙚ߢߪޔԘᣢሽߩౝㇱ⛔ࠍᒝൻߒޔ
Office of Financial Management㧔OFM㧕ߦࠃߞߡᓳ⥝ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩㅊട⊛ߥ⽷ോ▤ℂ߮
⋙ⷞࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣޔԙOffice of Policy Coordination and Program Support㧔PCPS㧕ߦᣂߚߥ
⁛┙ߒߚࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣ߮⹏ଔ࡙࠾࠶࠻ߢࠆMonitoring & Evaluation㧔M&E㧕ࠍ⸳⟎ߔࠆ 2011 4
࿑ ࡂࠗ࠴ߦ߅ߌࠆUSAIDᄖ㙚ߩ⚵❱࿑
ോዪ
ᱜ䈚䈒᳃ਥ⊛
䈭⛔ᴦዪ
⽷ോ▤ℂ ዪ
ஜᐽ䊶ᢎ⢒ዪ
╷⺞ᢛ䊶 䊒䊨䉫䊤䊛 ᡰេዪ
㘩ᢱ㓚䊶
ੱᡰេዪ
ขᓧ䊶េഥዪ
⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ዪ USAID䊶IG 䉰䊮䉰䊦䊋䊄䊦 USAID/䊊䉟䉼
㙚㐳ዪ
ႎ๔ᯏ⢻
⺞ᢛ
⾗ᢱGAO㧔2011㧕HAITI RECONSTRUCTION U.S. Efforts Have Begun, Expanded Oversight Still to Be Implemented
㧔3㧕IHRC ߪ⛔ᴦߩ⚵ߺߣᚻ⛯ߩ᭴▽ࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ߇ޔ߹ߛቢోߦㆇ↪น⢻ߣߥߞߡߥ
ᓳ⥝ࠍ⋙ⷞߔࠆߚߦ⸳┙ߐࠇߚIHRCߪޔਥⷐߥ⛔ᴦߩ⚵ߺߣᚻ⛯ߩ᭴▽ߦ߅ߡㅴ
ࠍߖߚ߇ޔ߹ߛቢోߦㆇ↪น⢻ߥ߽ߩߣߥߞߡߥޕߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔ☨࿖⡯ຬߦࠃ ࠆߣޔIHRCߪㅘᕈߩ⏕ޔ࠼࠽࿖ߣߩㅪ៤ࠍᡷༀߒߚߣߩߎߣߢࠆޕ
عᜰ៰൘๔߮ᯏ㑐ߩᔕ
ᓳ⥝ᡰេ㊄ߩ↪ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣ߮⹏ଔᯏ⢻ߩᒝൻࠍᡰេߔࠆߚޔ߹ߚ᧪
ㅊട⊛ߦᡰេ߇ឭଏߐࠇߚߣ߈ߩߚޔࡂࠗ࠴ߩUSAIDᄖ㙚ߦኻߒߡޔUSAIDᧄㇱߣ ㅪ៤ߒߡޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ⸘↹ࠍᦨ⚳ൻߐߖࠆ⚵ߺࠍ㐿⊒ߔࠆߎߣࠍ൘๔ߔࠆޕ
IHRCߦ߅ߌࠆ࠼࠽࿖ߣߩㅪ៤߿⋙ⷞᯏ⢻ࠍᒝൻߔࠆߚޔ߹ߚࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ⸘↹ߦ ߅ߌࠆఝవ㗅ࠍቯߒޔ⸳┙ਛߩᣂ⚵❱߳ߩIHRCߩ⒖ⴕࠍṖߦߔࠆߚޔ࿖ോ⋭ߦኻ ߒߡޔIHRC߇࠳ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍ⊒ើߒᰴߩ3ߟߩᵴേࠍታᣉߔࠆࠃ߁߈߆ߌࠆߎߣࠍ൘๔ ߔࠆޕ
ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩㆬቯᲑ㓏ߦ߅ߡޔᛛⴚ⊛ߥᜰ㊎߿ಽᨆࠍឭଏߢ߈ࠆੱ᧚ࠍPAO132 㧔Performance and Anticorruption Office㧕ߦណ↪ߔࠆ╬ޔⷐઙࠍḩߚߔੱຬࠍ⏕ߔࠆߎߣ
PAOߩౕ⊛ߥ⋡ᮡߣ᭴ᚑࠍቯߒޔ⋙ⷞߩᚻ⛯ߣੱຬ߇ޔIHRCߩᦼ㒢߹ߢߦᢛߞߡ
ࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߎߣ
IHRCߩᚢ⇛⊛⸘↹ࠍታⴕߔࠆߚߩข⚵ߺࠍ⛯ߌࠆߎߣ
132 PAO㧔Perfomance and Anticorruption Office㧕ߪޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩᛚߩᡰេޔIHRCߩౝㇱ⊛ߥᬺോߩ⋙
ⷞޔᳪ⡯ߩ↳┙ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩᬺ❣ߩࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣࠍߡޔౣᑪߦะߌߚข⚵ߺࠍࡕ࠾
࠲ࡦࠣߔࠆᯏ㑐ߢࠆޕ
ޣ☨ ࿖ ⚦ Ԝ ޤUSAID/ࠡ ࠾ ࠕ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ HIV/AIDS ߮ ≪ሹ
ࠈ ߁ ߎ ߁
ߩ ࠤ ࠕ ᵴ േ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ⋙ ᩏ
AUDIT OF USAID/GUINEA’S HIV/AIDS AND FISTULA CARE ACTIVITIES2011ᐕ9 http://oig.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/audit-reports/7-675-11-010-p.pdf
㩷 䂓ⷐ㩷
ࠡ࠾ࠕߪ⇇ߢᦨ߽⽺ߒ࿖ߩ৻ߟߢࠅޔUSAID ߪޔ᳃ਥ⊛ߥ࿖ኅ⛔ᴦޔஜޔᢎ⢒
߮ㄘᬺߦ߅ߌࠆࠨࡆࠬߩឭଏࠍଦㅴߔࠆߚᣂߚߥᚢ⇛ࠍ┙᩺ߒߚޕߘߎߢᧄ⋙
ᩏߢߪޔUSAID߇ታᣉߒߡࠆࠡ࠾ࠕߦኻߔࠆេഥߦߟߡޔஜಽ㊁ޔਛߢ߽HIV/AIDS
ߦ㑐ߔࠆᵴേߦ⌕⋡ߒߡ⋙ᩏࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
ع⚻✲⋡⊛
ࠡ࠾ࠕߪ⇇ߢᦨ߽⽺ߒ࿖ߩ৻ߟߢࠅޔㄭᐕߩUSAID/ࠡ࠾ࠕߩࡊࡠࠣࡓ⹏ଔߢߪޔ
ࠡ࠾ࠕᐭ߇ലᨐ⊛ߥ⽷ޔᔅⷐਇนᰳߥࠨࡆࠬࠍឭଏߢ߈ߥߣ߁ߎߣ߇ႎ ๔ߐࠇߡࠆޕ2005ᐕߩUSAIDߩ⺞ᩏߢߪޔ⣣ᢌߒߚ࠳㆐߇࿖᳃ࠍߥ߇ߒࠈߦߒ ߡ߅ࠅޔ⣀ᒙߥ࿖ߣߒߡࠆߛߌߢߥߊޔᯏ⢻ਇోߩ࿖ߦߥࠅߟߟࠆߣߒߡࠆޕߘߎ
ߢ2006ᐕޔUSAIDߪޔ᳃ਥ⊛ߥ࿖ኅ⛔ᴦޔஜޔᢎ⢒߮ㄘᬺߦ߅ߌࠆࠨࡆࠬߩឭ
ଏࠍଦㅴߔࠆߚߩᡰេࡊࡠࠣࡓߦ⌕⋡ߒߚޔࠡ࠾ࠕߦኻߔࠆᣂߚߥᚢ⇛ࠍ┙᩺ߒޔઁ
ㇱ㐷߇ㅪ៤ߔࠆFaisons Ensemble㧔”Working Together“㧕ߣ߁ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍ⸳┙ߔࠆߎߣ ߣߥߞߚޕ
ᧄႎ๔ᦠߢߪޔߎࠇࠄߩ߁ߜஜಽ㊁ㇱಽޔਛߢ߽HIV/AIDSߦ㑐ߔࠆᵴേߦᵈജߒߡ⋙
ᩏࠍታᣉߒߡࠆޕ߹ߚޔᧄ⋙ᩏߪ 5 ᐕ㑆ߦ߅ߌࠆ≪ሹ
ࠈ ߁ ߎ ߁
ߩࠤࠕߦ㑐ߔࠆࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߽ኻ
⽎ߣߒߡࠆޕ≪ሹ
ࠈ ߁ ߎ ߁
ߩࠤࠕߦ㑐ߔࠆࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩታᣉߦߟߡߪޔᅚᕈߩஜᐽߩߚߩ
࿖㓙⊛ߥ㕖༡ᯏ㑐ߢࠆEngenderHealthߦࠃߞߡⴕߥࠊࠇߡࠆޕ
عᬌᩏ▸࿐ᣇᴺ
ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ⸘↹ᦠޔ⽷ോႎ๔ᦠ╬ޔ㑐ㅪᴺᓞ╬ࠍࡆࡘߒߚޕUSAID/ࠡ࠾ࠕޔታ ᣉᯏ㑐ߩ⡯ຬޔฃ⋉⠪ޔࠡ࠾ࠕߩஜᒰዪߩ⡯ຬߦኻߒߡࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍⴕߥߞߚޕUSAID/
ࠡ࠾ࠕ߮ޔࠡ࠾ࠕߩ8 ߟߩၞߩ߁ߜ 2 ၞߢߩታᣉᯏ㑐ߩᵴേ႐ᚲߦ߅ߡ⋙ᩏࠍታ ᣉߒߚޕ߹ߚޔHIV/AIDS߮≪ሹ
ࠈ ߁ ߎ ߁
ߩࠤࠕߦߟߡࡈࠖ࡞࠼ࡢࠢ㧔႐ⷞኤ㧕ࠍታᣉߒ ߚޕ
ᬺ❣ߩല₸ᕈࠍ᷹ࠅޔචಽߥᖱႎࠍᓧߚߢ್ᢿߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߦߪޔᄖ㙚ߪ
㓸ߐࠇߚ࠺࠲ߩ♖ᐲࠍ⏕ߒޔ↪ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥޕUSAID ߩᜰ㊎ߢ
ࠆAutomation Directives System㧔ADS㧕ߢߪޔUSAIDߩᄖ㙚ߪޔ࠺࠲ߩ㐳ᚲ߮⍴
ᚲޔ࠺࠲߇ᗧᕁቯߦᓇ㗀ࠍ߷ߔߦߚࠅା㗬ߢ߈ࠆߩ߆ߦߟߡᛠីߒߡࠆߴ߈ ߛߣߒߡࠆޕ߹ߚᬺ❣࠺࠲ߪޔᅷᒰᕈޔቢోᕈޔᱜ⏕ᕈޔା㗬ᕈޔㆡᤨᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺
࠲ߩ⾰ߦ㑐ߔࠆၮḰࠍḩߚߔߴ߈ߢࠆߣߒߡࠆޕ
≪ሹ
ࠈ ߁ ߎ ߁
ߩࠤࠕߦ㑐ߔࠆࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢߪޔ⺞ᩏߦࠃߞߡޔEngenderHealthߦࠃࠅႎ๔ߐ ࠇߚ࠺࠲ߣޔ႐ߢ▤ℂߐࠇߡࠆ࠺࠲ߣߦ⍦⋫߇ࠆࠤࠬ߇ߊߟ߆ࠄ߆ߦߥ ߞߚޕ߃߫ࡈࠔ࠽ߩ∛㒮ߢߪએਅߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߥਇ৻⥌߇ߞߚޕ
࿑ EngenderHealthߩႎ๔⚿ᨐߣࡈࠔ࠽∛㒮ߦ⫾Ⓧߐࠇߚ⸥㍳ߣߩਇ৻⥌
⾗ᢱGAO㧔2011㧕AUDIT OF USAID/GUINEA’S HIV/AIDS AND FISTULA CARE ACTIVITIES
Faisons Ensembleߢߪޔਥⷐߥㅪ៤ታᣉᯏ㑐ߢࠆRTIࠗࡦ࠲࠽࡚ࠪ࠽࡞ߪޔHIV/AIDS
ߦ㑐ߔࠆᵴേߩႎ๔⚿ᨐߦߟߡ߶ߣࠎߤⵣઃߌࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢߞߚ߇ޔฃ⋉⠪ᢙߩᜰ
ᮡߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺࠲ߦߟߡኈᤃߦ↪ߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩߣߥߞߡߥ߆ߞߚޕFaisons Ensembleߪޔ NGOޔࡏࡦ࠹ࠖࠕߩࠞ࠙ࡦࡦࠣ࠹ࠬ࠻ࡦ࠲ޔၞߦኒ⌕ߒߚ⚵❱╬ޔ᭽ޘ
ߥ㑐ଥ⠪ߦଐሽߒߡ߅ࠅޔFaisons Ensembleߩࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣ߮⹏ଔ࠴ࡓ㧔monitoring and
evaluation team㧦M&E㧕ߪߎࠇࠄߩᯏ㑐߆ࠄቯᦼ⊛ߦႎ๔ࠍฃߌࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡࠆޕߒ߆
ߒޔోߡߩႎ๔ࠍᓧࠄࠇߡࠆࠊߌߢߪߥޕ
ߎ߁ߒߚ㗴ߪޔ྾ඨᦼߏߣߩႎ๔ߦ߅ߌࠆ࠺࠲ߩ♖ᐲߦߟߡޔᄙߊࠍㅪ៤ߒߡ
ࠆታᣉᯏ㑐ߦଐሽߒߡࠆߎߣߦߊ߱ࠎ࿃ߒߡࠆޕ߹ߚޔ߶ߣࠎߤߩࡊࡠࠣࡓߦ ߟߡ႐ߦ⸰ߔࠆߎߣ߇࿎㔍ߢࠅޔ႐ߢߩ࠺࠲ᬌ⸽ࠍ㒢ߒߡࠆߎߣ߽ࠆޕ
㧔2㧕Faisons Ensembleߢߪ⍴ᦼ㑆ߩวᗧࠍ↪ߒߡ߅ࠅޔߎࠇ߇ᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈࠍᅹߍߡࠆ
USAIDߪޔ㐿⊒ౣᑪᡰេߦ߅ߡ9ߟߩේೣࠍ㐿⊒ߒߚޕ⢻ജᒝൻߦߟߡߪޔUSAID
ߪၞߩᯏ㑐ߩᒝൻޔᛛⴚ⒖ォޔㆡಾߥ╷ߩଦㅴࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡࠆޕ߹ߚᜬ⛯ᕈߦߟ
ߡߪޔലᨐ߇⛮⛯ߔࠆࠃ߁ࡊࡠࠣࡓࠍ⸳⸘ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡࠆޕ
ࡊࡠࠣࡓߩታᣉࠍᜂߞߡࠆஜಽ㊁ߩNGOߪޔኻ⽎⠪ߦኻߒߡᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠄࠇߡ
ࠆߎߣߦᄢᄌḩ⿷ߒߡࠆߣႎ๔ߒߡࠆ߇ޔNGO ߩᜬ⛯ᕈߦ ᔨ߇ࠆߣߒߡࠆޕ
Faisons EnsembleߪޔUSAID߆ࠄߩ੍▚߇╷ߩਇቯߐߦࠃࠅ⏕ታߢߥߚޔ㐳ᦼ⊛ߥ
ⷰὐ߆ࠄߩ⾗㊄ឭଏࠍNGOߦኻߒߡឭଏߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥޕFaisons Ensembleߪߘߩઁ
ߩ⒳㘃ߩ⚵❱ߣ߽ㅪ៤ߒߡࠆ߇ޔߘࠇࠄߩ⚵❱ߦߟߡ߽㐳ᦼ⊛ߥㅪ៤߇ታߐࠇࠆߎ ߣߦࠃࠆലᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆߪߕߢࠆޕ
㧔3㧕USAID/ࠡ࠾ࠕߩ▤ℂߪ⣀ᒙߢߞߚ
ADS ߩࡊࡠࠣࡓታᣉᣇ㊎ߩᐨ⺰ߢߪޔࡊࡠࠣࡓߩ⸘↹ޔ㆐ᚑޔ⹏ଔޔቇ⠌ߦ㑐ߔࠆ ᚻ⛯߮ᣇᴺߦߟߡ⺑ߒߡࠆޕUSAID/ࠡ࠾ࠕߪߎࠇࠄߩᜰ㊎ߦᓥߞߡߥ߆ߞߚޕ
߃߫ޔUSAID/ࠡ࠾ࠕߪޔᬺ❣▤ℂ⸘↹ࠍᦝᣂߒߡߥ߆ߞߚޔ≪ሹ
ࠈ ߁ ߎ ߁
ߩࠤࠕߦ㑐ߔࠆ⋡ᮡࠍ
⸳ቯߒߡߥ߆ߞߚޔቯᦼ⊛⸰ࠍታᣉߒߡߥ߆ߞߚޔᤨቱߦ߆ߥߞߡ⹏ଔࠍታᣉߒߡ
ߥ߆ߞߚޔⷐ᳞ߐࠇߡߚࡐ࠻ࡈࠜࠝࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߡߥ߆ߞߚޕ
㧔4㧕USAID/ࠡ࠾ࠕߪࡉࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣ߮ࡑࠠࡦࠣߦ㑐ߔࠆⷐ᳞㗄ࠍ⛮⛯ߒߡㆩߒߡ
ߥ߆ߞߚ
ㅪ㇌ⷙၮḰ㓸㧔Code of Federal Regulations㧕ߢߪޔUSAIDߦࠃߞߡ⾗㊄ឭଏߐࠇߚ⸳ޔ ଏ⛎ຠ߮ߘߩઁߩ‛⾗ߪUSAIDߩࡠࠧࠍߟߌߥߌࠇ߫ߌߥߎߣߦߥߞߡࠆޕ߹ߚޔ ኻᄖេഥᴺ߮USAIDߩADSߢߪޔUSAIDߩᵴേߩࡉࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣ߮ࡑࠠࡦࠣߦ㑐 ߒߡᦝߥࠆⷐ᳞ࠍⷙቯߒߡࠆޕ
ߒ߆ߒࡃ࠽ޔࡐࠬ࠲ޔౠሶޔゞਔߪࡑࠢ߇ઃߌࠄࠇߡߚ߽ߩߩޔⓨ⺞ޔࠦࡦ ࡇࡘ࠲╬ߣߞߚUSAID߇⾗㊄ឭଏߒߚ࿕ቯ⾗↥ߦߟߡߪࡑࠢ߇ઃߌࠄࠇߡߥ߆ ߞߚޕߐࠄߦ⸒߃߫ޔਥⷐߥㅪ៤ᯏ㑐ߩ⡯ຬߪUSAID߇⾗ߒߡࠆߎߣࠍ⍮ߒߡߚ ߇ޔߘߩઁߩ⡯ຬߦߪ⍮ߒߡߥ߆ߞߚ⠪߽ߚޕ߹ߚޔࠞ࠙ࡦࡦࠣߩฃ⋉⠪10ੱ
ߩ߁ߜ8ੱߪUSAID߽ߒߊߪ☨࿖߇⾗ߒߡࠆߎߣࠍ⍮ߒߡߥ߆ߞߚޕห᭽ߦޔ
࿁ߩ⋙ᩏߩਛߢࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚ17ੱߩ≪ሹ
ࠈ ߁ ߎ ߁
ᖚ⠪ߩ⺕߽߇USAID ߦࠃࠅᡰេࠍฃ ߌߡࠆߎߣࠍ⍮ߒߡߥ߆ߞߚޕ
Faison Ensemble߮EngenderHealthߩ⡯ຬߪ৻⥸⊛ߦޔࡑࠤ࠹ࠖࡦࠣ↪ࡃ࠽╬߳
ߩࡑࠢߩ⾍ઃ߇᳞ࠄࠇߡࠆߎߣߪ⍮ߒߡߚ߇ޔ࿕ቯ⾗↥ߦ߽᳞ࠄࠇߡࠆߎ ߣߦߟߡߪ⍮ߒߡߥ߆ߞߚޕ⡯ຬߚߜߦࠃࠆߣޔUSAID ߆ࠄࡉࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣ߿ࡑ
ࠠࡦࠣߦ㑐ߔࠆᜰ㊎߇ឭଏߐࠇߡ߅ࠄߕޔUSAID ߩࠬ࠹࠶߽ࠞଏ⛎ߐࠇߡߥ߆ߞߚߣ ߩߎߣߢࠆޕ
عᜰ៰൘๔߮ᯏ㑐ߩᔕ
USAID/ࠡ࠾ࠕߦኻߒߡએਅࠍ൘๔ߒߚޕ
ԙᡰេ႐ߦ߅ߡḰߐࠇߚ࠺࠲ࠍ㓸ߔࠆߚߩቯᦼ⊛⸰ࠍታⴕߔࠆߚߩ੍ቯ
ࠍ㐿⊒ߔࠆࠃ߁ޔEngenderHealthߦኻߒߡᜰ␜ߔࠆߎߣޕ
Ԛႎ๔⚿ᨐߩᬌ⸽น⢻ᕈࠍ⏕ታߦߔࠆߚߦࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣ߮⹏ଔߩࡊࡠࠬࠍᡷༀߔࠆ ࠃ߁RITࠗࡦ࠲࠽࡚ࠪ࠽࡞ߦ᳞ࠆߎߣޕ
㧔2㧕Faison Ensembleߢߪ⍴ᦼ㑆ߩวᗧࠍ↪ߒߡ߅ࠅޔߎࠇ߇ᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈࠍᅹߍߡࠆޕ
ԛၞߩᯏ㑐ߩ⢻ജࠍ᭴▽ߔࠆߎߣ߮ᜬ⛯ᕈߦะߌߚዷᦸࠍᡷༀߔࠆߎߣߦ⌕⋡ߒ ߚᰴߩஜߦ㑐ߔࠆᵴേߩ⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡࠆߎߣޕ
㧔3㧕USAID/ࠡ࠾ࠕߩ▤ℂߪ⣀ᒙߢߞߚޕ
Ԝࡄࡈࠜࡑࡦࠬ▤ℂ⸘↹ߩᡷ⸓ ࠍ╷ቯߔࠆߎߣޕ ԝ ฦ ᜰ ᮡ ߦ ߟ ߡ ޔ ࠡ ࠾ ࠕ ߦ ․ ߩ ≪ሹ
ࠈ ߁ ߎ ߁
ߩ ࠤ ࠕ ߩ ࠲ ࠥ ࠶ ࠻ ࠍ ⸳ ቯ ᡷ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ࠍ
EngenderHealthߦኻߒߡᜰ␜ߔࠆߎߣޕ
Ԟᄖ㙚ߦࠃࠆᜰ␜ߦߘߞߡ⸰ࠍታᣉߔࠆ⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡࠆߎߣޕ ԟ≪ሹ
ࠈ ߁ ߎ ߁
ߩࠤࠕߦ㑐ߔࠆࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ⹏ଔࠍታᣉߔࠆߎߣޕ
㧔4㧕USAID/ࠡ࠾ࠕߪⷐ᳞㗄ࠍ⛮⛯ߒߡㆩߒߡߥ߆ߞߚޕ
ԠFaisons Ensembleߩࡉࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣ߮ࡑࠠࡦࠣ⸘↹ࠍᡷༀߔࠆߎߣޕ
ԡUSAID ߩ⾗ߒߚ⾗↥߇ޔ≪ሹ
ࠈ ߁ ߎ ߁
ߩࠤࠕߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩࡉࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣ߮ࡑࠠࡦࠣ
⸘↹ߣᢛวߔࠆߎߣࠍᬌ⸽ߔࠆߚߩ⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡࠆߎߣޕ
ޣ☨࿖⚦ԝޤኻᄖេഥ ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߦ߅ߌࠆ〝ߩ⾰ߣᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈߩᜂࠍᡰេ
ߔࠆߚߩᵴേ߇ᔅⷐߣߐࠇߡࠆ
FOREIGN ASSISTANCE Action Needed to Help Ensure Quality and Sustainability of USAID Road in Indonesia
2012ᐕ7㧔GAO-12-728㧕 http://www.gao.gov/assets/600/592677.pdf
عⷐ
ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߦኻߔࠆἴኂេഥߣߒߡޔUSAID ߢߪ〝ߩୃ❲ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍឭଏߒߡ
ࠆ߇ޔᑪ⸳ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩㆃᑧ߿ߘࠇߦ߁⾌↪ߩჇ㗵ߦࠃࠅޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩⷙᮨ߇ ᒰೋߩ⸘↹ࠃࠅ❗ዊߐࠇߡࠆߎߣࠍฃߌޔߘߩⷐ࿃ࠍᛠីߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡᬌᩏࠍ ታᣉߒߚޕ߹ߚޔ〝ߩᜬ⛯ᕈࠍᜂߔࠆߣ߁ⷰὐ߆ࠄޔᜬ⛯ᕈߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ᓧࠆⷐ࿃
ߦߟߡ߽ᬌᩏߒߡࠆޕ
ع⚻✲⋡⊛
2004ᐕߩࠗࡦ࠼ᵗߢߩ㔡ߢ⊒↢ߒߚᄢⷙᮨߥᵤᵄߦࠃࠅޔⶄᢙߩ࿖߇ⵍኂࠍฃߌߚ߇ޔ
ਛߢ߽ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߪᄢ߈ߥⵍኂࠍฃߌߚޕ☨࿖⼏ળߢߪోߣߒߡޔ908⊖ਁ࠼࡞ࠍߎࠇ ࠄߩⵍἴ࿖ߩᡰេߦߡࠆߎߣߣߒߡ߅ࠅޔUSAIDߦߪ245⊖ਁ࠼࡞ߩ੍▚ࠍഀᒰߡޔࠗ
ࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߩ150ࡑࠗ࡞ߩ〝ࠍ2009ᐕ߹ߢߦୃ❲ߔࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡࠆޕߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔ ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍታⴕߔࠆਛߢޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩⷙᮨ߇❗ዊߒޔᦨ⚳⊛ߦ91ࡑࠗ࡞ಽߩߺߩ
〝ࠍᑪ⸳ߔࠆߎߣߣߥߞߚ㧔ቢᚑ੍ቯ㧦2012 ᐕ 4 ߦㆃᑧޔⓍ⾌↪㧦256 ⊖ਁ࠼࡞ߦ Ⴧ㗵㧕ޕ
ߘߎߢޔGAOߪޔ㧔1㧕USAIDߩᑪ⸳ࠝࡍ࡚ࠪࡦޔߘߩㆃᑧߩⷐ࿃ߦߟߡᢛℂߔࠆ
ߎߣޔ㧔2㧕USAID ߦࠃࠆ〝ߩ⾰ߩ⏕ߩߚߩข⚵ߺ⁁ᴫࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣޔ㧔3㧕〝ߩ
ᜬ⛯ᕈߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃߁ࠆⷐ࿃ߦߟߡ⺞ᩏߔࠆߎߣ߇᳞ࠄࠇߚޕ
ߥ߅ޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩኻ⽎ߣߥߞߡࠆ〝ޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ⸘↹ߩᄌൻߦߟߡߪޔ એਅߩ࿑ߩㅢࠅߢࠆޕ
䂓⸘↹
Banda Aceh㹤Calang 㑆䈮91䊙䉟䊦〝䉕ᑪ
⸳
䂓੍▚
254⊖ਁ䊄䊦 2.7⊖ਁ䊄䊦䋯1䊙䉟䊦
䂓ቢੌ੍ቯ 2010ᐕ2
2006ᐕ11ᤨὐ䈱
ᡷ⸓⸘↹
䂓⸘↹
Banda Aceh㹤Calang 㑆䈮150䊙䉟䊦〝䉕ᑪ
⸳
䂓੍▚
256⊖ਁ䊄䊦 2.8⊖ਁ䊄䊦䋯1䊙䉟䊦
䂓ቢੌ੍ቯ 2012ᐕ4
䂓⸘↹
Banda Aceh㹤Meulaboh 㑆䈮150䊙䉟䊦〝䉕ᑪ
⸳
䂓੍▚
245⊖ਁ䊄䊦 1.6⊖ਁ䊄䊦䋯1䊙䉟䊦
䂓ቢੌ੍ቯ 2009ᐕ9
2012ᐕ5ᤨὐ䈱 ᦨ⚳⸘↹
2005ᐕ3ᤨὐ䈱
ᒰೋ⸘↹
䂓⸘↹
Banda Aceh㹤Calang 㑆䈮91䊙䉟䊦〝䉕ᑪ
⸳
䂓੍▚
254⊖ਁ䊄䊦 2.7⊖ਁ䊄䊦䋯1䊙䉟䊦
䂓ቢੌ੍ቯ 2010ᐕ2
2006ᐕ11ᤨὐ䈱
ᡷ⸓⸘↹
䂓⸘↹
Banda Aceh㹤Calang 㑆䈮150䊙䉟䊦〝䉕ᑪ
⸳
䂓੍▚
256⊖ਁ䊄䊦 2.8⊖ਁ䊄䊦䋯1䊙䉟䊦
䂓ቢੌ੍ቯ 2012ᐕ4
䂓⸘↹
Banda Aceh㹤Meulaboh 㑆䈮150䊙䉟䊦〝䉕ᑪ
⸳
䂓੍▚
245⊖ਁ䊄䊦 1.6⊖ਁ䊄䊦䋯1䊙䉟䊦
䂓ቢੌ੍ቯ 2009ᐕ9
2012ᐕ5ᤨὐ䈱 ᦨ⚳⸘↹
2005ᐕ3ᤨὐ䈱 ᒰೋ⸘↹
ᦨ⚳⊛䈮ቢᚑ䈚䈢 Banda Aceh㹤Calang㑆䈱91 䊙䉟䊦䈱〝
⸘↹䈎䉌㒰ᄖ䈘䉏䈢〝㑆
⾗ᢱ㧕GAO㧔2012㧕FOREIGN ASSISTANCE Action Needed to Help Ensure Quality and Sustainability of USAID Road in Indonesia
عᬌᩏ▸࿐ᣇᴺ
ᬌᩏᣇᴺߣߒߡߪޔ㑐ㅪᦠ㘃ߩࡆࡘޔUSAID ߩ⡯ຬ߮ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕᐭߩ⡯ຬߦ ኻߔࠆࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ߹ߚޔ⸰ߦ߅ߡ〝ߩⷞኤࠍⴕߥߞߡࠆޕ⺞
ᩏ⋡⊛ߏߣߩᬌᩏᣇᴺߦߟߡߪޔએਅߩߣ߅ࠅߢࠆޕ
¾ USAIDߦࠃࠆ〝ᑪ⸳ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩㅴޔ⽷ᡰេ⁁ᴫߩᛠី㧦 USAID㧔ࡢࠪࡦ
࠻ࡦ߮ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ㧕ߩᦠ㘃ߩࡆࡘޔUSAID㧔ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦ߮ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ㧕ޔ
࿖ോ⋭㧔ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦ㧕ߩ⡯ຬ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ߹ߚޔ࠺࠲ߩାᙀᕈߦ ߟߡ߽⏕ߒޔᬌᩏߦᵴ↪ߢ߈ࠆචಽߥା㗬ᕈࠍ߽ߟߣ್ᢿߒߚޕ
¾ USAID ߩ⽷ᡰេᡰߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺࠲ߩାᙀᕈߩ⹏ଔ㧦 USAID ߩ IG ߮GAO
ߩㆊߩࡐ࠻ࠍࡆࡘߒޔ․ߦ㗴ߪߥߊା㗬ߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩߣ್ᢿߒߚޕ
¾ 〝ߩ⾰߿․ᕈޔᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈߩ⹏ଔ㧦 ᑪ⸳ਛߩ〝㧔Banda Aceh㨪Calang㧕ߩⷞ
ኤࠍޔUSAIDߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࡑࡀࠫࡖߣߣ߽ߦታᣉߒߚޕ߹ߚޔᲧセߩߚߦᒰ
ೋߪኻ⽎ߢߞߚ㑆㧔Calang㨪Meulaboh㧕ߦߟߡ߽ⷞኤࠍታᣉߒߚޕⷞኤߦ
ࠊߖߡޔ〝ߩ⛽ᜬ▤ℂߩ⽿છࠍ߽ߟࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߩ㜞ㅦ〝ᜂᒰዪߩ⡯ຬޔᑪ⸳
ᬺࠍ⺧ߌ⽶ߞߚᬺ⠪ߦኻߔࠆࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
¾ ᧄࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦ߅ߡUSAID߇⋥㕙ߒߚ㓚ኂߩᛠី㧦 USAIDߩIG߮࿖ോ⋭ߦ
ࠃࠆࡐ࠻ߩࡆࡘޔࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߩ⡯ຬߦኻߔࠆࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘޔUSAIDߩࡊࡠ
ࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦ㑐ߔࠆᦠ㘃㧔ㅴႎ๔ޔᄾ⚂ᦠޔㅢା⸥㍳╬㧕ߩࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
¾ USAIDߦࠃࠆᜬ⛯ᕈߩ⏕ߩߚߩข⚵ߺߩᛠី㧦 USAIDߦࠃࠅ╷ቯߐࠇߚ〝ㆇ
↪⛽ᜬ▤ℂ⸘↹ߩࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
ߥ߅ޔGAOߪㅢᏱࠄࠇߡࠆᐭߩᬌᩏၮḰߦߘߞߡޔᒰᬌᩏࠍታᣉߒߚޕߎߩ ၮḰߦ߅ߡޔᬌᩏ⚿ᨐߦวℂ⊛ၮ⋚ࠍਈ߃߁ࠆචಽ߆ߟㆡಾߥ⸽ࠍᓧࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦޔ ᬌᩏࠍ⸘↹ߒታᣉߔࠆߎߣ߇GAOߦ᳞ࠄࠇߡࠆޕ
عᬌᩏ⚿ᨐ
㧔1㧕ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩㆃᑧߦߟߡ
ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߦኻߔࠆἴኂេഥߣߒߡޔUSAID ߢߪࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕᴪጯㇱߩਥⷐߥ〝ߩ
ୃ❲ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍታᣉߒߡ߅ࠅޔ2005ᐕ8߆ࠄ2010ᐕ9߹ߢߩᦼ㑆ߦ߅ߡޔ5ߟ ߩᬺ⠪ߣᄾ⚂ߒߡߚޕߎࠇࠄߩ߁ߜޔ3ߟߩᬺ⠪ߪᑪ⸳ࠍޔ৻ߟߩᬺ⠪ߪ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ ߣ⋙〈ࠍޔ৻ߟߩᬺ⠪ߪࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ࠍޔߘࠇߙࠇᜂߞߡߚޕߒ߆ߒߥ ߇ࠄޔߊߟ߆ߩⷐ࿃ߩߚࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇ㆃᑧߒޔ⾌↪߇Ⴧടߒߚޕ߃߫ޔUSAID ߦ ࠃࠆߣޔࠆᬺ⠪߇චಽߥㅴࠍߺߖߥ߆ߞߚ႐วߦߪޔᒰ▎ᚲߦߟߡઁߩᬺ⠪ߦ ᆔ⸤ߒߥ߅ߔߣߞߚߎߣ߇ߞߚߣߩߎߣߢࠆޕߎࠇߦߪޔ〝↪↪߿ᣇߩ
ኻߣߞߚࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕᐭߩ㔍ߒߐߦࠃࠆߣߎࠈ߽ࠆޕ
㧔2㧕〝ߩ⾰ߩ⏕ߦߟߡ
USAID ߢߪޔ〝ߩ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ߿ᑪ⸳ߩ⾰ࠍ⏕ߔࠆߚߩߊߟ߆ߩข⚵ߺࠍⴕߥߞߡ
ߚޕ߃߫ޔUSAIDߪޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࡑࡀࠫࡖ߿〝ߩ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ߿⋙〈ߩߚߦޔ
☨࿖ߩࠛࡦࠫ࠾ࠕࠍ㓹↪ߒߡߚޕ߹ߚޔᑪ⸳ᬺ⠪ߦኻߒߡޔᑪ⸳ቢੌᓟ 1 ᐕ㑆ߪޔ
〝ߩ⾰⛽ᜬߦኻߒߡ⽿છࠍᜬߟߎߣࠍ᳞ࠆⷙ⚂ࠍᄾ⚂ߦ⋓ࠅㄟࠎߢࠆޕߐࠄߦޔࡊࡠ
ࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࡑࡀࠫࡖ߿ࠛࡦࠫ࠾ࠕ߇ޔ〝ߩⷞኤࠍቯᦼ⊛ߦⴕߥ߁ࠃ߁ߦߒߡߚޕ ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇ㆃᑧߒߚߎߣ߽ࠅޔᓟඨߩ㑆ߦߟߡߪޔචಽߥⷞኤ ߩ⢻ജ߇ߥੱຬ߇ᜂᒰߒߡ߅ࠅޔຠ⾰߇⸽ߐࠇߡߥ߹߹ߣߥߞߡࠆޕߎߩ㗴 ߦߟߡޔUSAID ߪࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࡑࡀࠫࡖࠍᡷߡ㓹↪ߒޔຠ⾰ߩ⏕ࠍߔࠆߣߩ ߎߣߢࠆ߇ޔౕ⊛ߥേ߈ߪ߹ߛߣࠄࠇߡ߅ࠄߕޔᒰ㑆ߩຠ⾰ࠍᜂߔࠆߚߩࡔ
ࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ߽ߢ߈ߡߥ⁁ᴫߢࠆޕ
㧔3㧕〝ߩᜬ⛯ᕈߩᜂߦߟߡ
USAID ߪޔ〝ߩᜬ⛯ᕈࠍᜂߔࠆߚߩភ⟎߽ߣߞߡ߅ࠅޔ〝ࠍ㊀㊂ゞਔߦ߽⠴߃
߁ࠆࠃ߁ߦ࠺ࠩࠗࡦߒߚࠅޔࡔࡦ࠹࠽ࡦࠬߩ⸘↹߮ᔅⷐߥⵝࠍࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߩ㜞ㅦ
〝ߩᜂᒰዪߦឭଏߒߚࠅߒߡࠆޕߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔ〝ߩᜬ⛯ᕈߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃߁ࠆⷐ࿃߇
ߊߟ߆ሽߒߡࠆߣ߁⁁ᴫߢࠆޕ߃߫ޔUSAID ߮ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕᐭ⡯ຬߦࠃ ࠆߣޔࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߩᜂᒰዪߪ〝ࠍ⛽ᜬ▤ℂߔࠆߚߩ⸳߮ੱ᧚߇ਇ⿷ߒߡࠆޕ
߹ߚޔUSAID ߦࠃࠆߣޔࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕᐭߪޔၮḰએߩ㊀㊂ߩゞਔࠍᱛߔࠆ╬ߩᔅⷐ
ߥភ⟎ࠍߣߞߡߥߣߩߎߣߢࠆޕ
عᜰ៰൘๔߮ᯏ㑐ߩᔕ
USAIDߦኻߒߡޔએਅߩ2ὐࠍታᣉߔࠆࠃ߁ߦ൘๔ߒߡࠆޕ
Ԙ〝ߩ⾰ߩ⏕ߦߟߡ
1ᐕߩ⸽ᦼ㑆ౝߦޔᓟඨߦᑪ⸳ߐࠇߚ〝ߩ⾰߇ⷐ᳞᳓Ḱࠍḩߚߔߎߣࠍ⏕ߔࠆߚޔ
〝ߩ⺞ᩏࠍㄦㅦߦⴕߥ߁ߎߣޕ߹ߚޔᰳ㒱߇ߟ߆ߞߚ႐วߦߪޔᑪ⸳ᬺ⠪ߦኻߒߡᔅ ⷐߥୃ❲ࠍⷐ᳞ߔࠆߎߣޕߥ߅ޔࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕᐭߦᑼߦᒁ߈ᷰߔ೨ߦታᣉߔࠆߎߣޕ
ԙ〝ߩᜬ⛯ᕈߩᜂߦߟߡ
ᑪ⸳ߐࠇߚ〝߇ޔᗧ࿑ߐࠇߡߚࠃ߁ߦ10ᐕ㑆⛽ᜬߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߚޔUSAIDߩ
ᄖ㙚߇ޔࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕᐭߣㅪ៤ߒߡޔ〝ߩᜬ⛯ᕈߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃߁ࠆⷐ࿃ࠍ․ቯߔ ࠆࡊࡠࠬࠍ㐿⊒ታᣉߔࠆߎߣޕ
ߥ߅ޔߎࠇࠄߩᜰ៰ߦኻߔࠆ USAID ߩᔕߣߒߡߪޔޟ൘๔Ԙޠߦߟߡߪޔหᗧߔࠆ
ߣߒߡ߅ࠅޔޟ൘๔ԙޠߦߟߡߪޔߘߩᗧ࿑ߦߪหᗧߔࠆߣߒߡࠆޕߚߛߒޔUSAIDߪޔ
〝ߩᜬ⛯ᕈߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃߁ࠆⷐ࿃ߪᢙᄙߊࠅޔࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡞ߢ߈ߥ߽ߩ߽ࠆޔ߹
ߚޔ⸽ᦼ㑆ਛߩ㑆ࠍ㒰ߡޔ〝ߪࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕᐭߩ▤ℂਅߦࠆߣਥᒛߒߡࠆޕ
߹ߚޔUSAIDߪㅊട⊛ߥᛛⴚ⊛ᡰេࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣ߽ߒߡࠆޕ
ޣ☨࿖⚦Ԟޤኻᄖេഥ㧦ࡄࠬ࠴࠽ᡰេࡊࡠࠣࡓߦ߅ߡេഥ⾗㊄߇ਇ↪ᗧߦ࠹
ࡠࠬ࠻ߦᷰࠄߥࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߚߩኻ╷ߪᒝൻߐࠇߡࠆ߇ޔߊߟ߆ߩ⣀ᒙᕈ߇ᱷߞ ߡࠆ
FOREIGN ASSISTANCE Measures to Prevent Inadvertent Payments to Terrorists under Palestinian Aid Programs Have Been Strengthened, but Some Weaknesses Remain
2009ᐕ3㧔GAO-09-622㧕 http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09622.pdf
عⷐ
☨࿖ߢߪޔࡄࠬ࠴࠽ߦኻߒߡޔUSAID ߽ߒߊߪ࿖ㅪ㔍᳃ᢇᷣᯏ㑐ࠍㅢߓߡេഥࠍឭଏ ߒߡࠆ߇ޔߎࠇࠄߩេഥ⾗㊄߇࠹ࡠᵴേߦ៤ࠊࠆੱ߿࿅ߦᷰࠄߥࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߚ
ߩភ⟎ࠍߣࠄߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥߎߣߦߥߞߡࠆޕߘߎߢޔߎࠇࠄߩភ⟎߇චಽߦߣࠄࠇ ߡࠆ߆ߦߟߡᬌᩏࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
ع⚻✲⋡⊛
☨࿖ߪޔࡄࠬ࠴࠽ߦኻߔࠆេഥࠍᦨ߽ⴕߥߞߡࠆ࿖ߩ৻ߟߢࠅޔ2008 ᐕߦ߅ߡ ߪ⚂5ం7500ਁ࠼࡞ᡰេߒߡࠆޕߎࠇࠄߩេഥߦߟߡߪޔUSAIDࠍㅢߓߡޔ߽ߒߊߪ
࿖ㅪ㔍᳃ᢇᷣᬺᯏ㑐㧔United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the
Near East㧦UNRWA㧕ࠍਥߣߔࠆ࿖㓙ᯏ㑐߳ߩ⽸₂ࠍㅢߓߡታᣉߐࠇߡࠆޕ࿖ോ⋭ߦߟ
ߡߪUNRWA߳ߩ☨࿖ߩ⽸₂ߩ⋙ⷞࠍⴕߞߡࠆޕUSAID߮࿖ോ⋭ߪޔ☨࿖ᴺߩ߽ߣⷙ
ࠍㆩߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߕޔេഥ⾗㊄߇࠹ࡠᵴേߦ៤ࠊࠆੱ߿࿅ߦᷰࠄߥߎߣᜂ
ߔࠆࠃ߁ភ⟎ࠍ⻠ߓߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥޕ
ߘߎߢޔGAOߪޔ㧔1㧕USAID߇ߤߩ⒟ᐲޔ࠹ࡠ࠭ࡓߦ㑐ߔࠆᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ࠍㆩߒߡ
ࠆ߆ޔ㧔2㧕࿖ോ⋭߿ UNRWA ߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯߇ޔ☨࿖ߩᴺᐲߦว⥌ߔࠆߎߣࠍᡰេߒߡ
ࠆ߆ߦߟߡᬌᩏߔࠆߎߣࠍⷐ⺧ߐࠇߚޕ
عᬌᩏ▸࿐ᣇᴺ
⺞ᩏ⋡⊛ߏߣߩᬌᩏᣇᴺߦߟߡߪޔએਅߩߣ߅ࠅߢࠆޕ
㧔1㧕USAIDߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ߦߟߡ
USAID ߇ߤߩ⒟ᐲޔ࠹ࡠ࠭ࡓߦ㑐ߔࠆᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ࠍㆩߒߡࠆ߆⹏ଔߔࠆߦߚ
ߞߡߪޔએਅߩࠃ߁ߥᣇᴺࠍ↪ߚޕ
¾ ࠹ࡠ࠭ࡓߦ㑐ߔࠆⷐ᳞㗄ޔᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯㧦㑐ㅪߔࠆᴺ⊛ⷐ᳞㗄ޔߘߩઁߩⷐ᳞
㗄ޔ߹ߚUSAIDߩߎࠇࠄߩⷐ᳞㗄ࠍㆩߔࠆߚߩᣇ㊎߿ᚻ⛯ࠍ․ቯߒߚޕ
¾ ⋥ ធ ฃ 㗔 ߩ ᄾ ⚂ 㧔 ࡊ ࡠ ࠫ ࠚ ࠢ ࠻ ࠍ ታ ᣉ ߔ ࠆ ߚ ߩ ⾗ ㊄ ࠍ USAID ߆ ࠄ ฃ ߌ ข ࠆ 㧕 ߇
Mission Order21133ߢⷐ᳞ߐࠇߡࠆ࠹ࡠ࠭ࡓߩ⸽߿᧦㗄ࠍࠎߢࠆ߆㧦 ᒰ
ᄖ㙚ߦ߅ߌࠆ2008ᐕᐲߩ32ߩᣂߚߥ⋥ធฃ㗔ߩࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
¾ 㑆ធฃ㗔ߩᄾ⚂㧔⋥ធฃ㗔⠪ࠍㅢߓߡ⾗㊄ࠍฃߌขࠆ㧕߇Mission Order21ߩⷐ᳞㗄 ߦㆩߒߡࠆ߆㧦 144ߩ㑆ធฃ㗔㧔☨࿖ߩ⚵❱49㧛101ޔ☨࿖એᄖߩ⚵❱95㧛2,519㧕 ࠍࠨࡦࡊ࡞ߒߡޔࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
ክ ᩏ ᦠ 㘃 ࠍ ⚦ ߦ ࡆ ࡘ ߒ ޔ ☨ ࿖ એ ᄖ ߩ ⋥ ធ ฃ 㗔 ⠪ ߮ 㑆 ធ ฃ 㗔 ⠪ ߇ Mission
Order21ߩⷐ⺧ࠍḩߚߒߡክᩏࠍታᣉߒߡߚ߆ᬌᩏߒߚޕ
⋥ធฃ㗔⠪߮㑆ធฃ㗔⠪ߩᦠ㘃ࠍࡆࡘߒޔMission Order21ߩⷐ⺧ࠍḩߚߒߡޔ ߎࠇࠄߩᄾ⚂ߦ⟵ോ㗄߇⋓ࠅㄟ߹ࠇߡࠆ߆ᬌᩏߒߚޕ
㧔2㧕UNRWAߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ߦߟߡ
࿖ോ⋭߿ UNRWA ߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯߇ޔ☨࿖ߩᴺᐲߦว⥌ߔࠆߎߣࠍᡰេߒߡࠆ߆ᬌᩏ
ߔࠆߦߚߞߡߪޔએਅߩࠃ߁ߥᣇᴺࠍ↪ߚޕ
¾ ࿖ോ⋭߿UNRWAߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯߇ޔ☨࿖ߩᴺᐲߦว⥌ߔࠆߎߣࠍᡰេߒߡࠆ߆㧦
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961ߩ301㧔c㧕╬ߩㅪ㇌ᴺߩࡆࡘޔ߹ߚ㑐ㅪਥߩᦠ㘃
ߩࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ߹ߚޔ࿖ോ⋭ߩ⡯ຬߦኻߔࠆࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕUNRWA ߩࡐ࠻ߩࡆࡘޔUNRWAߩ⡯ຬߦኻߔࠆࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘࠍታᣉߒߚޕ
ߥ߅ޔGAOߪㅢᏱࠄࠇߡࠆᐭߩᬌᩏၮḰߦߘߞߡޔ2008ᐕ8߆ࠄ 2009ᐕ5
ߦ߅ߡޔᬺ❣ᬌᩏࠍታᣉߒߚޕߎߩၮḰߦ߅ߡޔᬌᩏ⚿ᨐߦวℂ⊛ၮ⋚ࠍਈ߃߁ࠆ චಽ߆ߟㆡಾߥ⸽ࠍᓧࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦޔᬌᩏࠍ⸘↹ߒታᣉߔࠆߎߣ߇GAOߦ᳞ࠄࠇߡ
ࠆޕ
㧔1㧕USAIDߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ߦߟߡ
USAID ߪޔ࠹ࡠ࠭ࡓᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ࠍᒝൻߒߡ߅ࠅޔ⋥ធฃ㗔ߦ߅ߡߪߘࠇࠄࠍㆩ
ߒߡࠆޕߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔ㑆ធฃ㗔ߦ߅ߡ⣀ᒙᕈࠍߒߡࠆ㧔ޟ⋥ធฃ㗔⠪ޠߣߪࡊࡠ
ࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍታᣉߔࠆߚߩ⾗㊄ࠍ USAID ߆ࠄฃߌขࠆᯏ㑐ࠍ␜ߔޔޟ㑆ធฃ㗔⠪ޠߣߪ⋥
ធฃ㗔⠪ࠍㅢߓߡ⾗㊄ࠍฃߌขࠆᯏ㑐ࠍ␜ߔ㧕ޕUSAIDߪޔ2006ᐕߩGAO߆ࠄߩᜰ៰ߦኻ ᔕߒޔክᩏ╬ߦߟߡᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ࠍᒝൻߒߡࠆޕ৻ᣇߢޔ㑆ធฃ㗔⠪ߦߟߡࡦ࠳ࡓ
ߒߡ⏕ߒߚߣߎࠈޔ⸽߇ᓧࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅክᩏ߽ታᣉߒߡࠆ߇ޔ17㧑ߩ㑆ធฃ㗔⠪
ߪޔⷐ᳞㗄ࠍㆩߒߡࠆ߆⹏ଔߔࠆߚߩ⸽߇ਇචಽߢߞߚޕ߹ߚޔ㑆ធฃ㗔⠪
ߩࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣߦ߽㒢߇ࠆߎߣ߇ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚޕ
㧔2㧕UNRWAߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ߦߟߡ
2003ᐕࠃࠅޔ࿖ോ⋭ߣUNRWAߪޔUNRWA߳ߩ☨࿖ߩ⽸₂ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⁁ᴫߦ㗅ᔕߔࠆࠃ ߁ᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ࠍᒝൻߒߡ߈ߚޕ1961ᐕߩኻᄖេഥᴺߩ301㧔c㧕ߢߪޔUNRWA߇⾗㊄߇࠹
ࡠߦ៤ࠊࠆੱ߿࿅ߦᷰࠄߥߎߣࠍ⏕ታߦߔࠆߚߦᔅⷐߥోߡߩភ⟎ࠍⴕࠊߥ႐ วޔ☨࿖ߩUNRWA߳ߩᡰេࠍᱛߒߡࠆޕߎࠇߦߟߡUNRWAߪ⾥หߒߡࠆ߽ߩ ߩޔ࿖ോ⋭ߪਥⷐߥࠠࡢ࠼ߢࠆ’ోߡߩน⢻ߥኻ╷’߿ਇㆡวߩቯ⟵ࠍࠄ߆ߦߒߡ
ߥ߹߹ޔUNRWAߩㆡวᕈߩ⋙ⷞߩߚߩᣇ㊎߿ᚻ⛯ࠍᒝൻߒߡࠆޕ
UNRWAߪޔUNߩਛ┙ᕈ߮301㧔c㧕㗁ߩ᧦㗄ߦ㔍᳃ߩⴕേ߇ว⥌ߒߥ߆ߞߚߎߣࠍℂ
↱ߦޔ2006ᐕ7߆ࠄ߅߅ࠃߘ110 ߩᔕࠍᜎุߒߡࠆߣႎ๔ߒߡࠆ߇ޔUNRWAߩ ኻᔕ߇㒢ቯ⊛ߢࠆߎߣ߇ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚޕ߃߫ޔUNRWAߪోࠬ࠲࠶ࡈޔᬺ⠪ޔฃ⋉
⠪ߦߟߡޔUNߩࠠࡘ࠹ࠖክ⼏ળߩࠬ࠻ߣᾖวߒޔ৻⥌ߔࠆ⠪ߪߥ߆ߞߚߣਥᒛ ߒߡࠆ߇ޔࠕ࡞ࠞࠗ࠳߿࠲ࡃࡦߦ㑐ਈߒߡࠆ⠪ߩࠬ࠻ߢࠅޔਥⷐߥቬᢎࠣ࡞
ࡊߢࠆޔࡂࡑࠬ╬ࠍࠎߢߥ߆ߞߚޕ߹ߚޔUNRWAߩౝㇱ⋙ᩏߪޔ࠹ࡠ᧦㗄ߦ㑐ߔ ࠆⷙቯࠍࠎߢࠆ߆ޔUNRWAߩࠠࡖ࠶ࠪࡘᡰេࡊࡠࠣࡓߩ▤ℂߦߟߡ⹏ଔߒߡߥ
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عᜰ៰൘๔߮ᯏ㑐ߩᔕ
㧔1㧕USAIDߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ߦߟߡ
㑆ធฃ㗔⠪ߦߟߡޔUSAID ߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ߩㆩࠍᒝൻߔࠆߚޔએਅߩὐࠍ⏕ታߦߔ ࠆߚߩข⚵ߺࠍታᣉߔࠆߎߣࠍ൘๔ߒߡࠆޕ
¾ ోߡߩ㑆ធฃ㗔ߩᄾ⚂߽ߒߊߪදቯߦޔ⟵ോ㗄߇߹ࠇࠆߎߣޕ߽ߒᄾ⚂߿දቯߦ
⟵ോ㗄߇߹ࠇߥ႐วߦߪޔฃ㗔߇ታᣉߐࠇࠆᤨ߹ߢߦޔ㑆ធฃ㗔⠪߇⟵ോ㗄 ߦᔕߓࠆߎߣߦหᗧߒߡࠆߎߣࠍࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߚߩචಽߥ⸽ࠍ↪ᗧߔࠆߎߣޕ
¾ ⋥ធฃ㗔⠪߇ޔߘߩ㑆ធฃ㗔⠪ߦ㑐ߔࠆᲤߩࡐ࠻ߦ߅ߡޔ⚦ߥᖱႎࠍචಽ ߦឭଏߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߎߣޕ
㧔2㧕UNRWAߩᣇ㊎ᚻ⛯ߦߟߡ
េഥ⾗㊄߇࠹ࡠߦ៤ࠊࠆੱ߿⚵❱ߦᷰࠄߥࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߚޔUNRWAߩ⋙ⷞߦߟߡ ㅊട⊛ߥភ⟎ࠍ⻠ߓࠆߎߣࠍ࿖ോ⋭ߦኻߒߡ൘๔ߒߡࠆޕ߃߫ޔԘUNRWAߩข⚵ߺࠍ
⹏ଔߔࠆߚߩၮḰࠍ⸳ቯߔࠆޔԙ࿖ോ⋭ߦߣߞߡᔃ㈩ߩ⒳ߢࠆੱ߿⚵❱ߩࠬ࠻ߦ ኻߒߡࠬࠢ࠾ࡦࠣࠍታᣉߔࠆޔԚUNRWAߩࠦࡒ࠶࠻ࡔࡦ࠻ࠍࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣߔࠆߣߞ ߚߎߣ߇ߍࠄࠇࠆޕ