A Survey of Gifu University Students' Awareness of Foreign Workers in Japan
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(2) 113. BulletinoftheFaculyofRegionalStudies,GifuUniversityVol.20:113‑118,(2007). ASurveyOfGifuUmiversityStudents,AwarenessofForeign WorkersinJapan* HidekiMakiandKemichiGoto (ReceivedNovember27,2006) 1.Ⅰ皿trOdul:tion. ThenumberofforelgnWOrkersinJapanhasbeenincreaslng.Thepurposeofthis. PaPeristoinvestigateGifuUmiversitystudents'awarenessofforeignwo止ersinJapan･ InthisresearCh,W6developedaquestiormairetoinvestigateone'sawareneSSOfforelgn. WOrkersinJapan,andasked52GifuUmiversitystudentswhattheythoughtofforeign the data,andinvestigated. WO止ersinJapan.Weanalyzed. whetherthere. was. a. Statistical1yslgnificantdi脆rencebetweensubiects'backgroundsandtheirawarenessof forelgnWO血ersinJapan.. Theorgamizationofthispaperisasfo1lows.Section2providesanOVerviewof thematerials.Section3analyzesthedataandprovidestheresults.Section4concludes thispaper. 2.Materials. 2.1.TheQuestionnaire Inthis. research,We. Students'awareness. developed. aquestionnaire offorelgnWOrkersinJapan.The. SeCtions,thefirstofwhchasksal)Outthe. toinvestigate questionnaire. GifuUmiversity consistsoftwo. subiects'background,andthe. second･Of. Whichaskswbathe/shethinksofforelgnWOrkersinJapan.Inthequestionnaire,We. askedtheparticipanttOindicatehisnlerjudgmentwithrespecttoeachofthestatements Onafivelevelscaleshownin(1).Thequestionnaifeisshowninfigurel. (1)neScale. Figurel. 5. stronglyagree. 4 3. moderatelyagree neitheragreenordisagree. 2. moderatelydisagree. l. stronglydisagree.
(3) 114. 5.. HidekiMAKIandKenichiGOTO. WhichpartoftheworldareyOumOStinterestedin? Europe/U.S.A.. Asia. Africa. Oceania. Nowhere. Pleaseexpresstowhatdegreeyouagree,OnaSCaleoflto5,Withthefo1lowlngStatementS. 6.. WeshouldpreserveJapaneSeCulture.. StronglyDisagree. l 7.. ‑‑一一一一一一一‑‑…‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑. 2. NeitherAgreenorDisagree. 3. 叫‑…‑‑=‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑…. ModeratelyAgree. 4. ‑‑‑一一‑‑‑…‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑. StronglyAgree. 5. ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑…‑……‑一叫‑. IaminterestedinforelgnCultures. 1. II･. ModeratelyDisagree. ‑…一‑…‑……‑…一…一一. 2. ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑･. AboutyourawareneSSOfforeignworkersinJapan･Pleaseexpresstowhatdegreeyouagree,Ona. SCaleoflto5,Withthefo1lowlngStatementS. 8.. WeshouldacceptmoreforeignworkersinJapan.. StronglyDisagree. l 9.. …‑一一‑‑‑‑‑‑‑…‑‑‑‑…. ModeratelyDisagree. 2. 10.. ModeratelyAgree. 4. 一一‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑…‑…‑‑‑‑. StronglyAgree 5. ‑…‑‑‑…‑…‑‑‑‑‑…叫. ‑‑‑=‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑…一叫‑‑. 3. ‑…‑‑‑‑‑一叫一‑‑‑‑‑･. ForelgnWOrkersinJapanCauSeanincreaseofcriminalsinJapan. 1. 11.. ‑…‑………‑…‑‑‑‑‑‑一一. 2. ‑一一‑一一‑‑‑‑…‑……‑叩. 3. 一一‑‑一一…‑…‑‑‑‑‑‑■. 3. ‑…‑…‑‑‑‑‑‑一一‑‑". WeshouldstudythelanguageSOftheforeignwofkers. 1. 12.. ‑‑‑…‑‑‑‑一一一……‑…‑‑. 2. ‑‑‑‑‑一‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑…‑‑‑. ForelgnWOd(erSShouldstudyatleastsomeJapaneSebeforecomlngtOJapan. 1. 13.. ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑…‑‑…‑‑‑‑‑. 2. 一……‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑一一一‑‑‑. 3. ‑…‑‑‑一一･･･‖･･. 3. ‑一叩‑……. 3. 一…‑一‑…‑‑. 3. ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑一山. WeshouldesteemthecultureSOfforeignworkersinJapan. 1. 14.. 一‑‑‑‑‑一‑‑‑…………‑. 2. …‑…‑‑一‑‑‑‑‑一‑‑‑一山. ForelgnWOrkersinJapanshouldrespecttheirownCulture. 1. 一叫‑…‑‑‑叫叫‑‑一一=叫‑. 2. ‑‑…………‑………. ForelgnWO血ersinJapanShouldrespectJapaneSeCulture. 1. 16.. 3. Itisdi餓cultforforeignworkerstoliveinJapan. 1･･t･‖･‑‑‑‑‑……‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑ 2. 15.. NeitherAgreenorDisagree. ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑小一…‑‑‑…‑. ‑‑‑一一一‑‑‑‑‑‑……叫‑‑‑‑. 2. ‑‑…‑‑‑‑‑一一‑‑‑叫‑‑‑‑. Therearealotofforeignwo止ersar0undme. 1. 17.. ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑. 2. ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑一‑…‑一一一叫‑‑･. ForelgnWOrkersinJapanareneCeSSarytOimprovetheJapaneseeconomy. 1. ‑‑‑‑‑一‑‑‑‑‑‑‑一一一一…‑…. 2. ‑‑一一一一…‑‑…‑一‑‑一‑…‑. 3. 4. 一一‑‑‑一岬一一叩‑‑…‑‑‑‑‑. 2.2.Subjects We three Faculties obtained data録om Education,the FacultyofEngineering,andthe. of. GifuUmiversity:the Faculty. Facultyof. ofRegionalStudies.The. numbersofthesu切ectsineachFacultyareshowninFigure2,andthenumbersofthe maleandfemalesubiectsareshowninFigure3..
(4) l15. ASurveyofGifuUniversityStudents,AwarenessofForeignWorkersinJapan. Figure2 NumberofData. Faculty. 45. Education. 4. Engineenng. 3. RegionalStudies. 52. Total. Sex. NumberofData. Male. 22. Female. 30. Total. 52. 3.AnaけSis 3.1.TheBasicData:TheAvcrageScores. TheaveragescoresoneachquestionareshowninFigure4･ Figure4 AverageScores. questio皿Items QtLeStionsaboutsubjccts,backgrounds 6.WeshouldpreserveJapaneSeCulture.. 4.5. 7.ⅠaminterestedinforelgnCultures.. 4.1. qⅦeStionsaboutsⅦbjects,aⅥrareneSS 8.WeshouldacceptmoreforelgnWOrkersinJapan･. 3.0. 9.ItisdifficultforforelgnWOrkerstoliveinJapan.. 3.8. 10.ForelgnWOrkersinJapanCauSeanincreaseofcriminalsin. 3.1. Japan.. 11.WeshouldstudythelanguageSOftheforelgnWOrkers.. 2.8. 12.ForelgnWO血ersshouldstudyatleastsomeJapaneSebefore. 3.9. COmlngtOJapan･. 13.WeshouldesteemtheculturesofforelgnWOrkersinJapan･. 3.7. 14･ForelgnWOrkersinJapanShouldrespecttheirownCulture･. 3.7. 15･ForelgnWOrkersinJapanShouldrespectJapaneSeCulture･. 4.1. 16.TherearealotofforelgnWO止ersaroundme･. 2.7. 17.ForelgnWO正ersinJapanareneCeSSarytOimprovethe. 3.7. JapaneSeeCOnOmy･. Outofthe12questions,WePickupthree. questions. withthehighestscores, namely,Questions15,12,and9,andgivecommentsonthem･Theaveragescoreson themare4.1,3.9,and3.8,reSPeCtively. First,aSfor. Question15:Foreign. wo止ersinJapanShould. respectJapaneSe. Culture,theavera$eSCOreOnit(4･1)ishigherthantheaveragescoreonQuestion14: Foreign. workerslnJapanShould. respect. their. ownCulture(3･7)･Therefore,Gifu. UmiversitystudentstendtothinkthatforeignworkersinJapanShouldrespectJapaneSe culturemOrethantheirown..
(5) 116. HidekiMAKIandKenichiGOTO. Second,aSforQuestion12:ForeignworkersshouldstudyatleastsomeJapaneSe beforecomingtoJapan,theaverqgescoreonit(3.9)ishigherthantheaver4geSCOreOn Questionll:WeshouldstudythelanguageSOftheforeignwo血ers(2.8).Therefore, GifuUmiversitystudentstendtothinkthatforelgnWOrkersshouldstudyatleastsome JapaneSebeforecomlngtOJapanmOrethanWe forelgnWOrkers.. ShouldstudythelanguageSOfthe. Finally,aSforQuestion9:Itisdi伍cultforforeignworkerstoliveinJapan,the average scoreonit(3･8)isashighastheaverage scoreonQuestion17:Foreign WOrkersinJapanareneCeSSarytOimprovetheJapaneSeeCOnOmy(3.7).Thisindicates thatwbiletheythinkthatitisdifncultforforelgnWOfkerstoliveinJapan,Gifu. UmiversitystudentsdoknowthatforeignworkersinJapanareneCeSSarytOimprovethe JapaneSeeCOnOmy･. 3.2.Correlations. Between. the. Scores. on. Qucstions6and7and. the. Scores. on. qⅦeStions血･Om8to17 We. alsoinvestigated. was. whetherthere. a. statistically slgmificant COrrelation. betweenthescoresonthequestionsaboutthes豆切ects'backgrounds,Question6and7, repeatedbelow,andthescoresonthequestionsabouttheirawareneSSaboutforelgn. WOrkersinJapan,Questionsfrom8to17. Q6.WeshouldpreserveJapaneSeCulture. Q7.Ⅰaminterestedinforeigncultures.. Ourinitialhypothesesweてe(1)thatthosewhoregardtheirownCulturesas importanttendnottoacceptforelgnTOrkers,and(2)thatthosewhoareinterestedin forelgn. Cultures. tend. to. acceptforelgn. hypotheses. WOrkers･However,these. were. rqiectedbyasimpleregressionanalysis･InthecaseofGifuUmiversitystude血S,there WaSnOStatisticallysigmificantCOrrelationbetweenthescoresonQuestions6and7and thescoresonQuestionsfrom8to17. 3.3.t‑Test. Finally,Weinvestigatedwhethertherewasastatistica11yslgnificantdi飴rence. betweenthetwogroupsbasedonthes止切ects'backgrounds,withrespecttoeachofthe questionsfrom8to17,byusingthet‑Test‥Two‑SamPleAssumingEqualVarianCeS(t‑ Test,hereafter)･Wefoundtwocaseswithastatistica11ysignificantdi飴rencebetween thetwogroups･Thelevelofstatisticalsigmi丘canCelSP<.05.. First,aSforthescoresonQuestion9:Itisdifncultforforeignworkerstolivein Japan,therewasastatisticallyslgmi負cantdi脆rencebetweenthosewhohavevisited forelgnCOuntriesandthosewhohavenot,aSShowninFigure5. Fignre5. Thosewhohavevisited forelgnCOuntries Mean Observations tStat. P(T<司)two‑tail Criticaltwo‑tail. Thosewhohavenot 3.4 25. ‑2.45026 0.017818 2.00856. VisitedforelgnCOuntries 4.111111 27.
(6) l17. ASurveyofGifuUniversityStudents,AwarenessofForelgnWorkersinJapan. InFigure5,theabsolutevalueoftStat(al)Out2･5)islargerthanthatoftCriticaltwo tail(about2).Therefore,Figure5showsthatthereisastatistica11ysigmi丘cantdi飴rence betweenthosewhohavevisitedforelgnCOuntriesandthosewhohavenot･Thus,those thinkthatitisdi臨cultforforelgn. notvisitedforelgnCOuntriestendto. w血ohave. wo止erstoliveinJqpan.. Second,aSforthescpresonQuestion12:Foreignworkersshouldstudyatleast someJapaneSebeforecomlngtOJapan,therewasastatistica11yslgmi丘cantdi飴rence betweenthosewhowanttOVisitEuropeorU.S.andthosewbowanttovisitAsia, Oceamia,A蝕ca,OrnOWhere,aSShowninFigure6･ FigⅥ･re6 ThosewhowanttO. Those血owantto. VisitEurope几J.S.A.. VisitAsia,Ocean1a, A丘ica,OrnOWhere. Mean. 4.1. 3.25. 40. 12. Observations tStat. 3.460272. P(T<司)two‑tai1. 0.001113 2.00856. tCriticaltwo‑tail. InFigure6,theabsolutevalueoftStat(about3･5)islargerthanthatoftCriticaltwo tail(about2).Therefore,Figure6showsthatthereisastatisticallysignificantdi飴rence betweenthosewhowanttOVisitEuropeorU.S.andthosewhowanttovisitAsia, Oceania,A丘ica,OrnOWhere.Thus,thosewhowanttovisitEuropeorU.S.tendtothink thatforelgnWOrkersshouldstudyatleastsomeJapaneSebeforecomlngtOJapan･. Wealsofoundoutthatthes豆切ects'awareneSSOfforelgnWOrkersinJapanhad nothingtodowiththedi飴renceintheirsexes(Questionl)･ 4.ConclⅦSion. Toconclude,WehavefoundthefollowlnginthisresearCh. 1.GifuUniversitystudentstendtothinkthatforelgnWOrkersinJapanShouldrespect JapaneSeCulturemorethantheirown･ 2.GifuUniversitystudentstendtothinkthatforelgnWOrkersshouldstudyatleast SOmeJqpanesebeforecomlngtOJqpanmOrethanWeShouldstudythelanguageSOf theforelgnWOrkers.. 3.While. they. thinkthatitis doknow. Umiversitystudents. difncultforforelgn thatforeign. WOrkers. toliveinJapan,Gifu. workersinJapanare. neCeSSaryfor. JapaneSeeCOnOmy･. 4･Thefo1low!ngtwohypotheseswerer再ected‥(1)thatthosewboregardtheirow CulturesaslmPOrtanttendnottoacceptforeign.workers,and(2)thatthosewhoare interestedinforelgnCulturestendtoacceptforelgnWOrkers.. 5.ThosewbohavenotvisitedforelgnCOuntriestendtothinkthatitisdifncultfor forelgnWOrkerstoliveinJapanmOrethanthosewhohavevisitedforelgnCOuntries. 6.ThoseⅥ血owanttovisitEuropeorU.S.tendtothinkthatforelgnWO血ersshould StudyatleastsomeJapanesebeforecomlngtOJapanmOrethanthosewhowantto visitAsia,Oceamia,A丘ica,OrnOWhere.. 7.Thesubiects'awarenessofforelgnWOrkersinJapanhadnothingtodowiththe di飴renceintheirsexes..
(7) 118. *We. HidekiMAKIandKenichiGOTO. areindebtedtoJessicaDuntonand earlierversionofthispaper.. Yuka. Moritafor. valuable. comments. onan.
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