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(1)Quaternary. Cave. Fissure. and. inAkiyosi. District,. Deposits. their. and. Yamaguti. Fossils. Prefecture. By. Tokio. SHI正AMA. Ⅰ.. Akiyosi ture. is. Also. the. known. Zigoku-dai. ToRIYAMA. wide level, 200-300m. Ohuku-,. Iwanaga-,. Irimi-,. tween. Akiyosi-dai. where. flows 0n. caves. are. the. are. can. as. width,. 70m. ]'oins the the. cave,. rocks. sand. and. that. the. and. from. The. etc･. clay. the. cave. river.. pushed 人. *. At. Omine. Y･. School,. geology KoBAYASI壬t,. Akiyosi-dai,. including. of Akiyosi-Beppu. valley. uvales. above. the cave. of deepest. there and. Taisyo-d6,. are. many. district. notable places Stalactite. etc.. sink-holes but of them. areknown,. Ryugahuti,. is about. from. wide. large. water. which deep. 0.5m. level.. point. has. not. Numa-gaⅥ7a. is the and. At bat. travertine,. widest. we. some. places. guano. beell goes. of. and. Rimmed. Mine. City,. Yamaguti. the. cave,. alternation. explored. They. yet. tO. upStreamS. pools. the. terraced. a. see. can. of. place. (white fish hole) to southward leucodermed that in flood time. Ⅲakugyo-do.. Omine-mati,. scaled. Nakao-d6. named. ∧. High. the T･. OzAWA,. for-. arst. river. named liakugyo-d6 of It is also said. out-wads. On. Kagekiyo-ana and is them best most of popular and in length, lOkm 200m in maximum about from it 月.ows the S6wa, and out river. The. in Japan,. subterranean且ow. terranean are. deposits. fossiliferous. structures･. plateaus,. (Taki-ana),. river.. meters. of several are found. there. a. in Japan.. Mito-mati. and. caves. height. subterranean. a. dolines,. hole).. maximum K6t6. is. 50-60. ana. in. topography. highly. Prefec-. southvard.. above. meaning the largest cave. known. karst. of distinguished･. limestone. of Syuho-d6. caves. which. river. abundant. rare,. not. (d6 and. etc･. see. of. as. -complicated the works. most. there. of these. surface. we. these. and K6t6. the. the. Karst,. as. are. Yamaguti. part. is about of Mine-gun, N-S, wide of abouト300-4001m above it is m 425.5 river月_oor, and the heigbest point of to the plateau there lie smaller plateaus of Beppu-, AmagolIsa-dai from to and north south, and be-. above West. level･. sea. above. is noteworthy. its north, situated in Syuho direction of FrW arld 9km. to. 7･5km sea. the. with limestone,. of this R･. Preface. west-central best developed. itself. of Permo-Carboniferous. palaeontology SuGIYAMA and. T･. indicating limestone. O荘AFtJJI*. in the. plateau. as. Akiyosi. mation and. limestone. Goro. and. Prefecture.. Akago it is cave. of say area,. a. sub丘sbes. Timatida.

(2) 44. Shikama. T.. Text･丘g.. 1.. Map. of Akiyoshi-dai中area. and. showing. G.. Okafuji. the. fossiliferous. caves. and白ssures･. __A. 1.. Ube-K6san's. 2.. Third. 3.. Maruya皿anO-ana,. Isa.. 16.. Mizusima-kan･li-ana,. Fourth. 17,. Mizusimano-an且,. 18.. Awayano-ana,. 19.. Coiffait's. 20.. Naki-ana,. 12.. Suzume-ana,. 22.. Nakao-d∂.. 23.. Taisyo-d∂.. Okugawara･. 24. Tanuki-ana.. Ebara.. 25. IrimiriO-ana,. of. Tokuyama-Soda's. quarry. Quarry. of. 7.. Ube-Soda's. 8.. Koziki-ana,. quarry,. Akabano-ana,. ll.. Obaga-ana,. 12.. Kagekiyo-ana,. 13.. Syuho-d6,. Sigeyasu.. quarry,. Tyogatubo. Makurazi. Okugawara.. Akiyosi.. Isa･. Yamase･. Onoda-Cement,. Makurazino-an且,. 10.. Nippon-Sekkai,. of Nippon-Sekkai, of Nippon-Sekkai,. quarry. Fifth. 9.. Husen-ana,. 15.. quarry. 5.. 6.. 14. Isa･. Isa.. quarry,. 4.. Akiyosi.. Sigeyasu･. Maruyama･ Akiyosi. Akiyosi. Akiyosi. Ryugamine.. cave,. Ono. Ono.. Irimi..

(3) Cave. Qllaternary. Fissure. and. Deposits. Text-fig.. Karrenfeld. 2.. (one handred. Iiyakumaizara and deposits. After N. NA.ORA,. Ml. sinter M2. and. The. panylng. in the. Company,. yama. Soda. from. some丘ssures. known. to. many wrote. article. etc;. from. praen妙onicus WATANABE ana,. lying. quarry,. Company, and. 8.5 km. tO. Onoda. accom-. quarries Company,. Company,. fossil. Toku-. Since. Yakusen-Companies･. Nippon-Sekkai. of. and丘fth Cement. Syowa-Sekkai. rossa. of limeof Aki-. quarries southwest. fourth. third,. terra. of Akiyosi,. twelve. are. City,. by. 1918,. bones-have. T｡A.EAtIASHI. these reSearChed specimens hence in 1949 be and the Prefecture,. been ipn. reserved senior. author despelean. fossil mammals They the of lsa. named fossiliferous deposits, Isa, where lies tbe丘fth quarry with is composed travertine, of Ⅵ7bite to light brown redwhich. calcareous former two. SHIE.. of. as. about. and. Of Tokyo east. Mine. Inoue-. porous. the. noticeable. are. covered. neighbourhood. belonglng. quarry. in Yamaguti. posits of as lsa formation, disll brown. E.. dishes). is. There. lsa-mati,. of. Company's. Umeyama-,. and. Kitagawa,. deposits･. clayay. of丘fth. occur,. in the. terrace. m. Akiyosi-dai. of. quarries ･Company, Sanwa-Sekkai. Company,. schools an. red. neigbbourbood Ube-K6san ;. yosi, namely of Nippon-Sekkai Soda. 20. 45. DM4, of megacerid with belongsーto T･ SuzuKI Of the. ramus now. and. District. University･. karrenfeld. the. also overlies decomposed. Syuho-d6. Tokyo. of the. surface. which. Ube. from. of Agriculture,. Faculty. stone. found. WaS. left. a. Akiyosi. in. Akiyosi-dai･. of. (thousandナice丘elds) cave. Fossils. their. and. clay,. sediments, Urusus arctos. University Syubo-d6:. 且oor of it is deposited. grit,. made this. brecciated. cave. brown. of chert gravel the fossils such. L. occurred.. In. pebbles. and. as. Cervus. 1949,. F･. red. clay. (DePdretia). TAEA.I. J･. and. excavation of is small scaled, 2-3m. clay. of K6mori-. wide. and. 1.5m. deep;. an. cave. clay. of about. they. the. on. could.

(4) 46. T.. bones. some. gain. of. visited I･ ET6, K6NO,. M･. IJusen-ana found;. were. In. small. in. ′from which. cave,. G. Okafuji. and. sized mammals･ district of lsa and Akiyosi, F･ ⅠⅠ･KITAMURA, OKAMURA. the. author. Sbikama. they. 1953. August. of. with. the. and. of. remains. deepest. the. could reach place of fossil bones could丘nd of megacerid scattered limestone boulders. On 1956, moreover, June 23rd,. they. junior. author. entered. this. loxodon. aomorie)1,Sis. Since bones. with cave,. 1948,. and. ana. are. interesting. that. well. to each. related. ET6. a. and. its floor. of. and. Naki-ana. with. and. HASEGAWA cavated. Koziki-,. a. quantity. great. January. wall survey. reported. the. Makurazi, fauna. seem. of 68. Maruyama,. belong. a. caves. occurrence. to. author of. to. Holocene.. both. other. K6NO,. bones. some. of 1957 Yokohama. Sus. non-marine. caves. of land Mizusima. the. author. shells and. from Tanuki. In. Y.. and. University gain. ex-. exceedingly. bones. canid deposits at. micromammals. to this day,. him. leucom-. SuNA甘ARA,. junior. could. some. of. member of Akiyosi-dai. mammals.. cervid and brecciated. bard. 1955. shells. Suzume-ana,. sized. National. and. some. of. excavations. sapiens,. of small. author authors. in September some. quarry quarry,. junior. of Tanuki-ana, Akiyosi-dai as a of deposits spelean of NAITO, ET6, NAGAO,. and could gain has been madeby species. third. caves. shells with fossiliferous. Awaya,. the. he. of 1957. the. Homo. It. of.Husen-. the. made. the. the. of Mizusima-. and bones,. Soda. of many. Irimi,. and Institute. and that in January. 1954. tllen. and. Which. marine丘shes.. river,. in. fossil. am9rlg. of Ube-K6san･s. west. Asa. the. and. Ocotober. Geological Makurazi-. gain. of. and of deer from. remains. with. could. of Tokuyama. tinuous. of bones,. fossiliferous. of. April. of small 1958, he found. of. quarry. of. attentj9n Ube-K6sap,. of 1955. to. junior. excavated. together. in. Of the. quarries numbers. (-Okugawarano-ana). They. others.. Furtbermore,. Palaeo-. of. Nippon-. cave,. Haliotis. team. systematic by E. TAl'A甘ASEI. ANNO. gain. author. survey. held. this. some. Meretrix,. and tooth. tO. Semisulcospira;. the. and. could. Obaga-ana. and. joining. reSearChed. junior. the. of the. In October. fossil. N.A_tTO. the and OKAMURA. keen. skull, vertebra and jaws fossils of Ube-K6san's quarry. creek. of. NAtTO. 1956,. fishes. June, 1956 the. GI. deposits. and. ystax. small. where fallen. with. TA-くAIiASHZ. cheek. his. paying. gain much remains Kozikiana at Tyogatubo,. remains. and. in July. been. tolerable. gain. otber･. could. abundant. with. the. From. of Nippon-Sekkai･ beside situating found. the. YosHIMURA. K･. and. be. could human. a. animal. chamber. NAKAJ[MA. found. the. remains. has. author from丘ssure deposits fie. E.. author,. sized. the且oor. over. HIRAOEA,. chamber. other. junior. the. may. is very. NAGAO,. large. the. the. and. others･. noteworthy. ET6,. ancl at. occurring. Sekkai. K6NO,. large. a. senior. explored. large. a. the. junior. T･ NAKAJIMA. and. some. 1954,. the. caves. ; these. A and. he. In the con-. has. of Koziki, molluscan.

(5) Cave. Quaternary. Fissure. and. i)eposits and. II.. IIIere the. Prof.. Assist.. and High. M.. Messrs.. School,. I. ET6,. in surveying collaborated to the authors for study. UcHIDA. the. and. lnany. tO. SpeCiITlenS. quarry. of. School ble. Society Dr.. and. llelp and. atory. T.. the. gave. Science. Museum. them. in surveying. them. collaborated the. Biological. University. gave. caves,. express. authors. Of. Koziki-, from. these,. caves. geologlCal. The. east. the. arllOng. abruptly direction; west. nects. with. from. 6 to. of afissure east,. 6m. clay. 5-6m. and. latter. the. E,. this preparing OzAIく1 0f National. E,. and. 13m. thick.. At. run. the. This deep. cervid north. and. northern. the. HASEGAWA. Y.. specimens.. twelve Naki-,. caves. Suzume-, besides. caves;. Cants and followlng. Lepus. Paragraphs. and on. slopes. of the. east. north. western. edge belongs to. cave. of the. main. plateau. the. so. called pit, but is not a slngle pit, for From the small entrance the soon becomes a tunnel (β) with there. are. vertebrates∴ south middle. openstothe. runs. long,. at the. chambers.. found. of which. of. 600In. pit (α),and floor of this tunnel. Which. Mr.. view.. about. a. were. fissure. (i). This wide. the. on. a. tunnels. and. like. site (1). one. at. and. tunnels. down. a. meanlllg. natives,. horizontal. with. goes. blocks. is sittlated. cave. valuaLabor-. (Text-figs｡ 3-7). of Syuho-d6 and opens southward Akiyosトdai 3, A). (Texト丘g. of. surface りZibasu〃 it links. of this. author. in. Taisyo-. and. of. High. Research. Irimi-,. few. points. of. junior. investigated,. remains in COnSidei･ed. palaeontologlCal. (stalactite cave). entrance. entrance. cave. and. the. of. Omine. pbotograpbing. author Maruyama-,. a. are. MATSUYAMA. FisstlreS. an(I. Makurazi-. found. once. fissures. and. fltlSeri･3na. A.. Club. Fisheries. junior. Mizusima-, Eto. Nakao-d6. Important from. Akaba-,. M.. Members. the. Regional. Tanuki-,. submitted. <. Caves. the. eighteen stalactite caves fossiliferous, i. eリ Ⅲusen-,. Obaga-,. Prof.. Researching. preparing and hearty thanks.. their. ⅠⅠⅠ. Fossiliferous. are. by. suggestion and help valuable H. University Of Tokyo and Mr. him invaluable help. also gave. Tokyo. of. kindly. author. TAKAI. ardently. gentlemen of the Tokuyama Soda Comof. directed. Of T6kai. who. who Many. Cave ′of the. and. Of Omine. valuable materials Messrs. H. Mmo, N.. to. also Company,. researches. Sigeyasu quarry. Kyoto. Of. Dr. S. ABE. senior F.. Prof.. Japan. of. many. their. Akiyosi-dai. TAT{AfIASEI. G. NAnO. Syuho-mati,. due. are. Association. KuRODA. advices.. work... To. authors Company,. University,. speleological. and. thanks. for. Mr.. donating. of Ube-K6san. Researching. Yamaguchi. of. the. Nippon-Sekkai. Akiyosi-dai. pany,. Sincere. E.. <. Universlty, Of Akiyosi,. caves. many. Professor. to. thanks. FuJIMURA. M.. gentlemen. other. 4ヂ. AcknowledgemerLt. their cordial extend K6NO Of Yamaguchi. authors. in Akiyosi i)istrict. their Fossils. down. seen. direction height from. the. Boor. is deposited. end. of this丘ssure,. tunnel and. of the northwest brown. the. fallen. many. The. slope north to. β. con暮. down wall south-. sticky cave floor of it slopes.

(6) 48. T.. Shikama. G.. and. Okafuji. i” ≡t;a?av,Iliad;.lltlet. 団. f乃tJea#ce_. 0.. フシ. /o. ー0. ＼. 7n. e. ＋＋＋. A. /. /ノ. 入.. clay. 之. ′ノノ. !‡;. dー. ∫. 匡二] I 弔押water. Oo. uepress”r･. ､J〉. ∂. Fossil. ?. ､朝丘. 洋一. 0. く〇. 0(. Oo. †♂. ○<⊃ ○. X. 7. pool. X. 7(1. ♂. ∂. ｡ク Jヱ. E. γ. tiat gua】10. 良. 1. Zク (ク. site. A. A. ノL. c(. ￠. 〟. F. ＼. ＼. l -､.. ＼. l. Text-flg･. down. northward, tunnal. narrow. wide. tunnel符,. western. l･5m. high,. the. largest,. plateau fate･. level. the. the. western. and. the. Chamber. stalagmite-stalactite east until it reaches. western. part. part. lowest. The. can. of seems. wall. coverlng.. the. ve. Ⅶ-hick. aild. a. vertebrae At tunnel. narrow. reach this. is. cave. to be. of the chamber floor slopes down. eastern. margln. de-. Divheight. wide. and. situated′justbelow. we. from With. the. (〟): this is. chamber. to. near. very. middle. (A) 2-4m. large. a. of Nyctereutes the. see. the a. a. pit (0) 7m the floor of. carries At shells.. and. (SMITE).. goodu,ini. from. By. (G).. flSSur6 i and. the. fossil bones. with bones and. limb. pit 0 opens. through. north. thefloor■. deep. E. deep. a. reach. 15m. ETO). tunnel. of. can. or. thick. (after. point. is about. which. Trishoplita. of the. wall. opening high we. 1.5m. with. gained. site 4. liusen-ann.. of. the. 3m. clay. authors the. at. going. edge At. ￣beyond. same. and. section. and. and wide the floor of. deep;. posits site 2 arid 3, the. of the. 1m. the about browII of Sticky. uerrinus. Plan. extending. (7). 20m. and. 3･. plateau. the sur-. well-developed. to northsouth-west deposition partial of.

(7) Cave. Quaternary. Text一色g.. Text-fig.. brown. sticky. boar of. and. the. and. clay.. limestone I.und. a. Boor. molar. of. main there. At. wall. the. of. the. part are. the. of. are. deposited. scattered. floor there many. junior. fossil. author,. aomoriensis,･. at. seen. sites. of. in the軸rface. part. fallen. bldtks･. many. bones. TAKAモIASIiI,. the. remains. SOme. galn. could. are. i)istrictg 4畠. Akiyosi. Husen-anal. 〟 of. chamber. authors. They. i.. site 10, the. Palaeoloxodon. of. in. Husen-anal. FL Of. chamber. 6, the. site. aff. familiaris. the. them. among. Northern. their Fossils. and. Stalactite-stalagmite. At. sp.. At. 4.. 5･. clay･. cants. i)eposits. and臣issure. teeth. and. K6NO 8,. 10,. the. upon. and. others. ll,. 12. the.

(8) 50. T･. Text一点g･. Text-丘g･. 6･. 7･. Shikama. Stalactite-stalagmite. Palaeoloxodon. tooth. and. of. found. (K6NO authors gained found remains teeth. teeth. lupus of Cants interesting, because the鮎or･. Thin. limb. and. of boar L･. they. calcium. bones. Martes. and The.condition are. not. coating. ten. chamber. at. Okafuji. liusen-ana.. FL Of. the. Boor. of. seen. (K6NO. of. chamber. photo.). Husen-ana.. photo.) of. SHIK.;. from. the. site. fossils. of in deposits upon. from. sinomegacrid;. these. buried is. G.. them.. but. site 9 are were found. the 7. preservation exposed. Even. to. if there. is very air bad. upon. been.

(9) Cave. Quaternary. kinds. any. Fissure. and. of deposits At away.. reⅥ7aShed into this. Deposits. large. the. from the surface chamber have lain in ille southwestern may deposition limestone. The of cave. Palaeoloxodon,. sinomegacerid bed as Akiyosi. sticky clayay ter is deposited 10,. on. is found. there The. fossils. bat. Ⅲusen-ana. Cervus Sus. bed. Canis. TEM.. Akiyosi. at. the. yabei. sized. of. the. w-all of uvales in maximum length middle slop′es down. brown. cave. site. below:. (S壬壬IK,). bed. clay. (pit andfissure己). at. clay. cave. of. entrance. slngle Syuho-d6. This. chamber. and. width; the. the cave. It is about 23 m 3m is entrance about suddenly. with. the inside. of the entrance. many. fallen. blocks. A,,. 77te升Ch-. ⊂)♂. and lm. trench. a. -㌔F-a ㌔. c>O. 防. Do害○ Ob. ;Qo O. ∼. ++. a -J. 0. 8.. Plan. bolleS. from. fossilized. 10呪 and. Ta-ntlki-ana.. section. of. but bones. more. TEM.,. brown the. (Depdretia) brachsp.. those. fossilized in general.. cave. are. The. These. notノSo. cannon. 5-. clay. of liusen-ana than. and. nifPon. surface.. the clay as. of. Meles. Lepus. Apodemus. the. below. dug. those. and. ferrum-equinum. from. 20cm. in 1956. Cerous SEIK.,. TEM.,. Rhinolo2hus. and. some andgained Nyctereutes uiuuem'nus. Praen妙onicus yurus･r. bigb,. deep. TEM.,. TEM.. ト. others. of remains でEM. from the surface, Nyctereutes viuuerrinus anakuma. G). a. of the length. wider. its middle par･ヒand deepest point, where. the. ∫ o. situted. slope. Tbe且oor. at. at. and. the. in maximum 1m wide,. becomes皿uCh. inwardly,. is. cave. to. opens. Hirodani･. named. of. of. (Text-figs. 8-10). a. TAKA王iAS=Il. Text-丘g. the. SI王IK.. (stalactite cave). gently. A. lat-. TAR.. &. TEM,. horizontal. north-east. and. ScHL.. Near. the. (SMITⅡ). goodwini. Tantlki-ana. Ion. &. brown. vivuerrinus. Trishoplita. eastern. ScHL.. that. SIiIE.. ten. hodohylax. Small. &. is noteworthy in this cave.. former. once. which. is closed by the deposits original with bed, and the brown. call the It. run. noⅥ7. 王‡usen-ana. bed.. been. have. to. seem. tunnel. unknown wall but. now as. have. must. J∠). ToK.. (Sinomegaceroides). Nyctereutes. 150m. listed. (chamber. TEM.. remains. 51. District. 60cmユ1igb.. are. aomoriensis. leucomysiax. an. authors. they. chamber,. of the. part. (Depe'retia)praenifPo7u'cus. Martes. B･. through. in Akiyosi. Fossils. sj_zed animal. cone. guano. of liuslen-ana. Palaeoloxodon Sinomegaceros. this. and others brown clay level thanthe. lower. a a. in. them. carrylng 丘rst. their. and. much bed. neolithic bone.

(10) T.. 52. Shikama. 9.. Text-fig.. is partially belong may. of cervid surface be may. G. Okaftlji. and. Entrance. Of. Tanuki･ana.. lrl)lured before its depositior)･ to Holocene, but those from. The the. remains the. clay,. from. gained authol.S. the. regard,. of the age of Akiyosi bed. Associated brown clay with a are found the bones, there coprolite fossils. 6×6cm. but. in size,. determine the. kind. Ⅶ･hat. it. coprolite;. colour, porous, in weight and Under. the. is. di庁icult. not. contains. plant. clay. in light. so. remains･ See. 1Ve. to. left. of animal dark grey. rugose,. cave. brecciated. it is. SOme. blocks,. clay. with. fallen. but. its thickness. and. deposition. base. are. not. cave. does. not. kllOⅥ7エコ. The. 岳ood. so. carry. wall. stalactite-stalag-. Text一丘g.. 10.. Coprolite. Tanuki-ana.. mite. C･. former. lie at opens. Ⅲ1uCh. like. the. is about 10-12m high. -ana. part. northern. the. eastward. Tanuki-ana lOm at. while in general wide and 3-5m. its main. 1km of Akiyosi-dai, east latter does north-westward. aspects. high. and the manner at its entrance,. thecave月_oor. chamber;. dip. size.. main. TI王M. uiuuerrinus and fossilization as those. MARTENS;. Cyclophorus fouI〕.d from. is about. 17m. wide. herklotsi the. surface and. 5m. are. of. Ono,. of. are. very. deposition. 20m. Naki. wide. and. inward. with. dark. coloured. chamber and found remains they. the. and. They. and down. slopes. fallen blocks at many of ヨop, carrying from sandy clay inside the entrance, which. Suzume-ana. from. nat/. Su苧ume･ana (stalactite-caves). Naki-arLa.and. Both. ×0.8. are. a. of Nyctereutes the. same. in. Tanuki-ana. _of high. at. its- entrance,. about. 10-.

(11) Cave. Quaternary. 13iTl中ide N. the. the√.terminal and. few. runnlng. author. the. in. Akiyosi. District. the. With. and. with the strike inside the entrance dug. others. Cyclcl,horiiS. MA.RTENS,. jlerklotsi. MARTY(NS,. ,(壬6ToBELT)etc.. of. aL. and. de-ep. SPirostoma. Megaloi,haedusa from. of 30o,. lm. trench. a. 53. strike. inward. an(呈clay. part. campanulatus hickonis ･congenita. Euhadra. (CR･ossE) and. japonica 3. horizon. the. cm. surface.. obaga-a互1盈(-0農芸竜曙盈耶TanO二組a) (stalactite-cave) (Text-畠g. ll). Ti-1is. cave. 400. 111. about. the junior where land shel且s such as. length, down. slopes. its middle. Fossils. (A. AI)A.MS), Cyclotus. japonica. !〕.. at. their. and. middle. long,. part,. gained. below. blocks. the. at. floor 20m. cave. fallen. carrying. high. '4-5m. and. 45oE∴. Deposits. Fissure. and. is situated. aモノth∋ south-western i与-seritranCe east Of Okt咽aWara and. like that. 富p 千. the. junioll author. long. main. with. 千. stone. and. 21Fo. ries. ground. tunⅠ1el. water. ward The. stream.. bed. of. sandy. the. etc.;. land. sheus.. cave. car-. clay From. furthermore,. a. (♂) goes wide at its northern valュ llaS nO. and. clay lime-. of chert,. slate. r,. lm. 7m. its 貝ooT. on. pebbles. some. chamber. a. west. ((¥) is. chamber. is fouI且d. bed.. clay (r) lying. 5mwideand. small. Obaga-ana.. brown. chamber. and. there. of. i)iL)uerrinus. at the. next. of the. ∫ガL. section. re-. gailユed. Nyciereutes. of lying. Akiyosi. The. 銘. chamberlet. 8mwide. (β) the. from. a. general of Tanuki-ana.. surface of smalレ bottom, in the state of scaled pit fossilization like the fossils rather. す. ruIIS. aspect. dip of 30-鐘oo ; at this point. TEN.. 巧). and. Slope. we･steJl1-a. another. mains. Plan. plateau,. i %a?av,rJe?LS き栂q. ll.. The. Fr｡mth｡entran｡e. †. Text-flg.. the. plateau.. is rather. 町. tO. OPeriS. of the. 0. I耶r).aga-dai. of. corner. the. narrow. northpart. of. distinct. stalactite-stalagmite. E.且oziki･aria From. there. is. limestone This. cave. the a. (stalactite cave). left bank. small. of the. Asa. (Text-丘gs. 12-16) river. at. Tyogatubo,. tO Isa一皿ati and runnlng creek lsa-dai, the horizontal cave of. cliffof is small. scaled. with. four. branches. on. Yosinori,. its. Koziki-ana. (i?,7･,. E,. left. Mjrle. bank opens. i) of the. City. ju･stbeloⅥ￣ its entrance.. main. chamber.

(12) 54. T.. floor of which. (α'and ♂),the than. the. wide high.. and At. The the. the. ground. a. and. 8oor. notable. such dug. a. as. chert, lm. trench. and. long,. the. higher. by. lOcm. sandstone deep and. that,. and. consisting. and. there. are. wide. the. and. level. water. of in flood. submerges. chamber. the. rock. 3m 2.5m. bigb.. 0.5m. about. pebbles. the. touch. not. could. river. At. slate.. long,. sinter 4-7cm of brecciated. cave. of. thick,. breccia. the. above. than. m. deposits. thin. bed. 1. is 4m. α. low,. very. is about. entrance. 月.oor a is higher. chamber long, 1.5-5m. becomes. passage. inner. the. ♂ is 4m. is 0.5m. α. shell Among. tufa.. porous. members author. the. the. floor is all covered. underlies. clay. before. r. at. chamber. the. ㍗,. cbamberlet. and. The. the. while. surface. creek,. time. and. high,. 2m. G. Okafuji. and. is stepped cave is 8m. The. oneα.. outer. Shikama. thick yellow. of palaeozoic α,. the. floor, but. junior could. a 甘. o(. X X A /o ー一斗. -こミ占. X 7＼＼. i. //. r. 一--〉･･ー. ⅩS;＼､. E. /. ＼こL二J/. ＼. /ffZ. /. ∼. ㌔. //. ＼･ヽ_. ＼. ,/1. 一-ノン. /_//. I.Lニー二5 5 r'. ＼. 監一三′ I// 5＼. ヽ Cave. I,llfa. :(( し(. ーヽ￣ヽ＼ I. ー二I. I.. I.I. y. Sbell. ＼. (/. /. ′. l･. ノ/. ///. ＼＼＼. bed. ￣ー ▲一-. ′. ○. ■. 宅. 甘. Bre｡｡ia. `竿1. ■ ●. ′. Clay. 〟. --ト-ー. ● ′. よ∴. _. ヱ1R. β Text-丘g.. 12.. Plan. and. section. ♂. i/) i:i.tj t. x乏＼､､＼＼. of Koziki-ana..

(13) Cave. Quaternary. Koziki･ana.. 13.. Text-丘g.. from. Deposits. Fissure. and. the. Chamber. their. and. in. Fossils. Akiyosi. 55. District. seen. entrance.. 14.. Text一丘g.. Koziki-ana. Chamberlet. of. from. seen. chamber.. Sbell a. see. reddish. clay. ♂, be. dug. a. shell. bed. over. the. trench. than. with. excavation.. fossils. no. 50cm. about. and. underlying a. saw. the shell. bed. breccia. limestone. At. the. chamber. underlying'the. the. It is rather breccia bed. older. in. bed. the. rock凸oor. difBcult to determine. the. stratigraphical. the think the clay bed, but authors and reddish as a higher level. Hence latter it lies at they. stratigraphical. as. succession breccia. follows. in ascending. 1.. Limestone. 2.. Reddish. 3.. Shell. bed.............”............................ 4.. Cave. sinter. clay. between. relationship. order. former. is the. assume. ; 35cm±. bed‥‥.‥‥‥.‥‥‥‥.‥‥‥‥‥.. 85. bed‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥…-‥-･-･t･-･. //. Submergency. The KuRODA. shell bed & KANAMARU. fauna carries rich is most abundant. //. -10. 4-7 ;. libertina. Semisulcosbira at. northern. part. of the. //. nassaeformis floor;. human found teeth were and at point 6 marine shells point 5 two lusoria (RoDING), LTaliotis sp. aff. discus REEVE, Cerithidea Meretrix. at. such. the as. cingulata.

(14) 56. Shikama. T.. (GMEuN). Tegula. and. Mollusca sinensis. Mactra. ueneriformis. and. T鮎y. otherF.. gained. follow芦:. ;汀e･aS. /. r. ‥･‥. R甘Ft,,V l王. been. ailid ∇ertebr･ataLhave. the. r. .-‥. REF,VF,. aLFf. dl-scus. 1:-Taliotissp.. NAITO. At. (A.'AD_Fl.MS)etぐ. are,gained.. shells. marine. (皿aI.ine) (GMELIN).. Cyclina. Okafuji. turbinata. argyrostoma. point 1 non-maTinemicroshells, by the authors, HASEGAW.A_,. G.. and. r. ‥‥‥. Decapoda &. Gen.. inclct.. sp.. =. ,. ∫. ... r. Pisccs Gen.. &. indet.. sp.. .. ,.. ... ... Amphibia Buj:o. Bou上ノENGER?. /ormosus. uldgwis. Hand. c. ... sp-. ‥. .. C. .. .. C. .. .. C. .. C. ‥. f-lT1,la sp.. Repti】ia Natrix. sp･. Elabhe. sp.. (P}oIE). tigrina. aft. -. Scir]cidae,. 良. gel._.. i71det... sp.. .. ... ... C. .. Aves Gen･･&. indet-･. spa. r. -v-･･. Mammalia Mogera. ‥‥. ('n-")MA.S). geisha. Ml'crotus. TIIOMAS... (TどM.). speciosus. C m. ..‥‥‥J‥‥. c. ‥. .. (M[LN. montebelli. m. ｡..‥‥‥.. tall?aides hondouis. Apodemus A･. (でEM.). ”,ogura. Urotrichus. ‥.. m. F工-FJDWARr,S)... Rattussp........”..............i...... brachyurus. Lepus. Rhinolophus Sus. sp.. sapiens m:. TEM.. sbells brought into but. them; regard,. and. a. the. the. the bones. cut. listed. to. the. ablove. the. when. eastern. brook. slope. 2. that. and. authors could of boar, and. of. lkm a. small. of Makurazi.. A. block. of. shell. fragme王it. of. boar. SemisulcosPira.. and. ×0.6. size.. floor. Bnd. they that. nonⅢ]arine. cave. not. It is clear that the marine have been the boar may. any. cannot. there. of the. cave,. was. often. artifacts tell. live畠not but. only. 17,. by. attacked. except. the. shells l'eft by. theでauthor's. shells ､are,. (stalactite cave) (Text一員gs.. is situtated. cave. the. nat.. microvertebrata. Mak1丑raZino-aria. The. r. and. be it may noteworthy in the neighbourhood nassaeformis living there. F･. ramus. Table. men. Also. men･. c. 16. a. with. rare. in the by. cave. naturally. Hitherto few. r:. are. other. deposited. waters･. bed. ..”............... common. c:. Nonmarine were. r. L‥∴‥‥‥‥‥‥‥..‥‥.. much. Text一丘g.. r. ..‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥. leucomystax. Homo. r. TEM‥”.‥‥∴‥‥‥. cultural. a. bone age. semisulcospira. -river needle of. S. 1ibert.ina(GouLD). 18). this. libertina is. ■. south-east of the post oiBce of lsa, opens hill, and the 月.oor of the is entrance ､6-7m The￣general aspect of its i)lan is like thatイ76f east.

(15) Cave. Quaternary Koziki-ana 70cm. but. a. chamber. narrow. and. a. of. runs. to. the. chamber. the. the. entrance. is. α. is. dip. a. surface,. 1--3. points. Akiyosi. (α) with. chamber. (β). passage. The. that･. in. Fossils. their. and. than. complicated down to slopes. The floor northward･ fallen boulders, and at. ning. Deposits. more. and. wide,. Fissure. and. with. there. small, about from this. 20o;. of. found. are. (r). one. another by black. covered. 57. District. run-. clay. sandy. rnicromarnmals･. Black 10. sandy. a. A. clay. l■-一一-′ ∼. Cave. ￣､-. --. ･∼ ′ヽ一. J-■､_. ,.∼ へ一. --. ･■￣■-. ′､. ー････････ttlfa -､一. ∼. へ-I. ￣■〉. ,へ/■'■､￣J-,_. e ∼-I. チ-I-=l. ￣し一ー.. .一･･_. ;ilo.∼i?::. /”. 三石. 〔4o.A. 米5. -∼. 一. 求 2,. .. 諜て. 3. i. ♂ C).. 7o>(i. X ヰ. -G:.普 /令. メ. pヽ-Jl (′. l. _. ､. ナノ. †. J. /I o. (巴. ll. ′. J. 二T2; 30. 5'7n.. ア. LTnt晦(a. Text一点g.. From. this. can. we. chamber. Plan. 17･. and to. go. section. large. the. of. Makurazino-anal. lnain. level of the the lowest long, which occupleS and 8m fallen boulders is barren deposits half of the丑oor except of Reddish by a tufa bed 3-5cm thick･ half of it ls covered cave,. thick. underlies. TEM.,. Canis. the. reach. and. remains. part. the. tufa.. the. From. chamber. the. at. of. the. points. of Moles TEM.. lupus hodoPylax. south･eastern. oveflies can. tufa. some. COuldfind. GAWA. At. this. this. and. TEM.,. sp･ we. can. througha high, but. the. see. passage. the. the. western lm. clay_about. author Nyctereutes. aff･ familiaris. wide. t‡1e eaSterll. and but. junior. the. anakuma C･. chamber. chamber, is not (E) which. 5-7,. 8m. (♂)about. chamber. vivverrinus. L･ from black. the. clay･. sandy. clay. (E) 30cm deposits. HA.SE-. and. here. high are. we. like.

(16) 58. 'L､.Shikama. Text-fig.. those. α. ♂, and. of the chamber of Cants luPus. mains are. 18.. Entrance. the. at. Okafuji. Makurazino-ana.. of. 8-10,. points The. TEM.. hodobylax. G.. and. Nyctereutes. 2)ivDerrinziSTEM.. MustelaitatsiTEM.. microvertebrates. Raitus. ‥. ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥. m. ‥‥. ..”.............. leliCO.,0.enyS. Petaurista. TEM.. ERXLEBEN. norDegicus. ‥...=.. .. (TEM･) speciosus A.geisha(THOMAS).･･.･･･････････････.････････････. Rhinolophus. ferrum-equlnum (?) sp.. Pipistrellus Mogera. .. (TEM.). dsinezumi. Urotrichus. ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥. Natrix. THOMAS. ‥. THOMAS. ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥... ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥. Lacertilia,. Bufo. sp.. Associating. The exposed. STAIN.. &. gen.. cf･. Qllarry. mume. Of. a. few. tJbcIE6san. working few丘ssures?. on a. cave. Especially of vorking. bones have from and occurred 200m long and 43-45m high･ 20-30m. r. deep. Corbicula. she】1s of SIEB. & Zucc.. course. doline. c. c. quarry, a. c. c. indet‥.‥‥…‥‥‥‥‥…. sp.. r. c. ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥..‥.‥.. ..................,........................ these,. sp･. ... BoIE..................,....”........ tigrina. m. m. ‖‥‥,‥.‥‥..‥..…‥.... Aves,gen.&sp.ir]det.................:........ quadriuirgata. m. c. .‥‥‥‥. chisai hondonis. talpoides. ‥. C m. c. ‥‥..‥....‥‥‥‥”. wopira. Crocidura. TEM.. m.fPon. .. .. APodemus. r. .. (MILNE-EDWARt)S). montebelli. Elaphe. r. ... .. Ml'croius. G･. reauthor gained from the chamber. follows:. as. Prunus. junior. the. (A). was. gnawed. large named. by. Petaurisia. (Text.丘gs.. company a. PRIME. japonica. scale, lies. are. seed. of. gained.. 19-20). just north. Hotoke･ana. a. and. and. has of lsa-mati, a doline during. once. the. 1947, tolerable since numbers deposits丘11ing the tbem･ The When still. seen. the at. senior the. of fossil teeth is about quarry it in 1954, the visited. author border. upper. of the. quarry. cliff.

(17) Qu;lternary. Cave. and. Fissure. Deposits. and. Fossils. their. A:. 壁 Text-軸･. Text-fig･. 20･. 19･. The. mm Brecci言1taeyd Broc?;ny. The. diagrammaticalfigure. quarry. Text-flg･. of. 21･. of. Ube･KeISan. Doline. Greeayrtb. Company,. (A). of Ube-K8san's Hotoke-ana is. Dolille. ≡:: E?,stsso;,ee?ann:. qual･ry:of. pictured. :. Talus. debris. Ube-K6san. in August. quarry. seen. 59. pit. Surfascoeii E the. District. in Akiyosi. at. Company.. of. pictured the. lower. 1956,. before right. 1950. corner;.

(18) T.. 60. Shikama. G. Okafuji. and. length, and its middle at the basal part downward, 5-6 m deep runnlng and丘11ing some found fossil bones. from were which. of the doline. at. border. of the. deep. ascending. brown. clay. 1. Reddish. 2. Grey. 3. surface. earth. these. lying. is 4-6m. depth. 4-6m. the. of. near. very. found. same. bed.. with Here. earth. bed. 5-6m. and. in. beds. of. from. much brecciated E[.. This. ToK.. author. yabei SHIE･. quarry lS. at. ‥. ‥..... ･. -. ･. I. -. -. -. ･. clavicle from and. pit. there. cave. the the. exposed. was. the. were. clay. the. fossils･. m. rare. .. r. r:. ･. m:ロ1uCb. r. --.･--･--･. that curious Thumus, of which. a. vertebra Fells or Ursus.. Someone. western. have. must. says. that. places, been. there. was. it cannot be nowadays by dissapearance of the quarry working･ brecciated from (D)with a丘ssure clay, wllich On. the. cave. wall,. but. cave. some. fossil. hard.. The. bones. Partially. of cervid･. senior. author. has. once. the. named. bones these. bed.. (Text-figs･ 22-27). N■ippon･SekkaiCompany. Situated. in these. it is very. view,. by. seen. galn. of. the. surface. and. there. Fr?m. the. r. -. -. say. land. r. ‥ ‥. SfIIK･. is to. man. this. was. materials derived. not. found. pisces was the fbssil. of. cave且oor･ the followlng. T.A.K.. ScIIL.). entire wras. and very bed as lsa. clayay. quarry. &. engravlng. could. calici点ed. since 1956. was. a. fallen. skull. the. it. that. 1954. r. if not. men. of linear. Third. the. site where judge from. the. found &. point of found was. there by. jaw. a. upon. author. (TEM･. tO the owlng con丘rmed At the other site there. are. the. ......,.....A.･･････････.･･････.･････. geographical. junior. says. ................................... L.. orientalis. kind. a. depositing. junior. L.. arcios. away. found that. doline･ In shallow fossil human skull. call this pit (B) bed･ Near the quarry鮎or Hotoke･ana inside (C), and of. (Sinomegaceroides). coast,. thrown. work. a. as. aomoriensis. Felisiigris. the. scaled. Afterward. (DeZ･6retia) praeniz･Ponicus. Thunnus. large. authors. the. Sinomegaceros. Ursus. a. of. Muk6yama. clay. Palaeoloxodon Cervus. 3m士 1m-. base. skull.. named. and. men. quarry. 5-6m士. but the authors surface, from the state of fossilization. the. the as. stalactite found brecciated. and. upper. ‥‥-･-------･----. explosion be pit, and. this. the. cave. a. the. of the. skull and That brovn but from the grey eartb･ clay is not a true but a false depth the destroyed and fragments to the site･ Two of radius vertebrae,. reddish. were. seen. earth,. ‖‥‥.‥‥‥‥‥‥.. in rock. of below. attached from the. far. black. ...=.‥‥‥‥‥‥‥. the. beds. to. -.. (humus). covers. engaged. from. From. observed. pit. corner. shallow pit 20-25m wide the following succession. .‥‥..,-･. soil. also. man. quarry. grey. author. a. greyish. to yellowishAt the eastern. a. exposed. seen. was. order.. last bed. was. juniLor. The. (B).. The. cliff, there. was. there. immediately wlng. next. Of the. to. quarry. the. above cliff,. quarry. mentioned a. part. of. cave. was.

(19) Cave. Quaternary. exposed gair]ed. full. with. tolerable. and. Fissure. Deposits. of its deposits.. In 1957. of fossil bones. numbers. Fossils. their. and. District. 61. junior. the. from. in Akiyosi. liASEGAWA author and deposits･ Also at a part of. the. SLれノ. ー･I･･････-･-----3-也. ○. 臣∃匡∃. a:...--=-こp I..''./･一. ●. ■. 一. Ⅷ] 曲. ◆. ■一. 一一. -. ●. 一. -. -. ●. -. -. ●. -. ... ○一. ●. LinleStOne. Yellowish. 一■. 一. ● -. -I.. I. -. -. -. Gravel. white. sarldy. I ∼. 一. -. Bro町n. Yeuow. Manganese. clay. brecciated. c一ay. bed. c】a7. Text-fig.. 22.. The. diagrammatical丘gure. Nippon-Sekkai. (right丘gure). Ube-K6san's. the. eastern. kinds to. each. wing of deposits other･. 1.. Yellowish. 2.. Gravel. of. Brown. cave. at. and. third. exposed左t right. wing. quarry. a cave of the quarry of Ube-K6san, similar w･ith was found, the both caves the and authors regard are The deposits as follows in ascending order:. to bluish. white. intercalating. grey. clay. 1. ‥. bed. manganese. brecciated. intercalating. clay. 10-15cm. of m,. yellow. at. thick 5cm. of. at. 23･. Right. wing. is. of seen. Ube-Ke･san's at. the. central. quarry. part.. A. the. same. linked. a,re. Ube-Kbsan.. ‥‥…‥.‥∴ Nippon-Sekkai. and. Ube-K6san clay. m,. thick 1-1.3. Text-flg･. of. of. (1eft丘gure).. quarry. O18-1 3.. a. cave. in. m,. question. ditto..

(20) 62. 24･. Text-fig. wing. A. Shikama. at. right. cave三eXpOSed. Ube-Kbsan's. of. T.. bed, coⅢ1pOSed gravel in size, is regarded 2-3cm chert hard,. and. not. other. found.. were. Thefifth. a. third. quarry. posed fossil. while bones,. Ⅵ70rking･ and. The. stone.. StIIE. and deposits TAT(A.t{ASHI. there in the. exposed be may. was. same. said that the is younger than. cave. brecciated. 1918. of. rocks lS. clay travertine. cave. about. pebbles. pebbles. Sticky. and fossil bones. of Nippon-Sekkai,. praen妙onicus. 1200 about Situated fossiliferous丘ssure. m. lS. a. clay. and. vas. travertine. white. and fallen. east ex-. carry. 振乱. sandhave. TAKAIiASEI. and. (Deberetia) braenifbonicus L.. and. lsa. bed.. arctos. fossils. In. bard calcareous deposits these. and. author. Cervus. with. Brown. gravel. Ursus. river; brecciated. Company. mentioned.. associating. senior. reported. once. above. seen. were. cave. round the. a. of. the. clay丘11ing. of Nippon･Sekkai. quarry. of the. there. fragments. third. at. Nippon-Sekkai･. witb血e. The. members･. exposed. cave. of. are (DePereiia) those of Cervus of them few fuscata (BLYTIi)I of Macaca. parts. accompanies. clayay sand been left by. breccia,. of this. part. A. 25･ quarry. palaeozoic. Large. SⅡIE. and. Text-flg･. of brown to have. limestone. with At a. blocks.. Okafuji. quarry.. The. are. G.. and. as an. empty. these named According to cave. stalactite. quarry. Of the. openlng. it. that. so. cliff,. stalactite. deposition. of lsa bed. the. bed. the. in age. Here. the. Ube-K6san's. authors. refer. quarry to the. Nippon-Sekkai. of it, and perhaps horizdns of fossil faunae,. quarry. of. brecciated. travertine. both. are. clay. third. and same. and. gravel. quarry. that. as. age. there. of. of丘fth be. may. i.e.. the upper. the. lower. hard calcareous. clay, iIICluded in the Ⅰsa bed, and. at. two. is that. is that although. of. Text-gg.. and of. 26.. brecciated a. quarry. cave. of. Gravel clay. exposed. (lower). (upper) at. Nippon･Sek如i,. third.

(21) Quaternary. Text一色g.. I.. Qllarry. This. from. Cervid. fossils excavated Nippon-Sekkai Company.. Tokllyama. Of. Soda. is situated. railway. siヒe 20m. the. 27.. quarry. Sigeyasu. i)eposits and tムeirをossi￣1s iln A左iyosii)istri■ct and主T]･岳sure ^65. Cave. station.. high. about. a丘ssure. was. lsa,. north of high 40m. It is about. exposed. while. junior. the. third. the. at. and. 2km. and. author. Microlus Mustela. From. L.. sp.. left MI. The. fossiliferous. shown. with. of. Company,. Soda. cross. of. YalllaSe. fissure. mark.. is. Of Cen)us. of Ube. quarry. the. C. &. HASEGAWA‥. r. r. SIiIK. is clearly. nifPonicus. yama. r. ‥. ..................,............･. Lower. SHIK.. r ”. ････.･････････････. Rana. Toku-. C. ･. r. THOMAS. hondonis. u)ogura (TEM･) SHIK. Anourosorexjaponicus. Sigeyasu. Were. quarry. water. railway. found, lS. (DePCretia) ♪raeFrom. w8rn.. Company,. Soda. of Ceruus. numbers. ･.. .･---.-･･-I. chisai. talpoides. r. -. ･. TIiOMAS. Mogera. the. follows,. r. (?). dsinezumi. Urotrichus. Quarry. traVertine as. ....................... TIiOMAS. shinto. Crocidura. at. tbis丘ssure. some. gala. could. erminea. Sorex. 28.. 1957,. SHIK･ (DePe'retia) praemlAPonicus montebelli (MILNE-EDWARDS). CerL,uS. Tex卜伝g.. of. microvertebrae its thickness is unknown:. although. of. of. end. working.. the. east. SOme. carrylng. the. of. quarry. (Text-fig. 28). Company. 3km. the. just. station,. west. tolerable. (DePdreiia) braenil)Ponicus but not. the speleostratigraphy known. at. present.∼.

(22) 64. T.. Shikama. lV. From. the. deposits. above Akiyosi. of. is always seen bed･ At Koziki-. clayay. in descending. sion. 2. Cave. 3. Sa･ndy. 4. Brown. This. clay. shaped by. brown. clay overlain Makurazino-ana. and. ve. cave. stalactite humuseous. can. of the. note,. or. soil followlng the. see. spelean Tanuki-. as. sandy Succes-. with. in stalactite. seen. beds. At. between. the. bed. is underlain bed･ At any. quarry. of. (Upper. by. general. columnar. the. of. doline.. quarry. The. clear. clay. bed) and. the. both. are. the. which. of the. section. sandy bed at. Muk6yama. and. Ube-. of. relationbrown. the. fossiliferous.. Nippon-Sekkai,. of. beds,. at. to make. they. quarry. travertine. and. the. rate,. bed), although third. and. gLraVel. Upper. Isa. call Lower. authors. deposits. spelean. are. 29.. of Lower. gravel. lsa. Ube-K6san. in Texト丘g. The. clay. bed. clayay. At. partially bed Koziki-ana at. it is rather difBcult bed (Akiyosi brown. present. brown. the. visible bottom. in. Tyogatubo. as. is also. caves. thick. are. quarry.. brecciated. fauna. shelly. clay. Ⅶ-here the bed is Famed. shown. simple. may. sinter. clay Ube-i(6san's. Isa. ill the. we. order.. succession. ship. localities,. ⅠIumus. 1. K6san. Stratigraphy. twelve. that. area,. there. ana,. General. ∴mentioned. G. Oka室uji. and. lsa. bed. Tyogatubo. bed. are. left by. rivers, may a Akiyosi-dai is be the It may phase when part of submerged･ important in that the stalactite cave we can't see any existence of lsa bed and that at the丘fth Nippon-Sekkai a cave was quarry of stalactite made after the deposition Lower lsa bed. So we that that the of may say present system of were lsa bed, but reenlargement stalactite caves made after the Lower might belong. to. have. a. occurred. be. said. from. that. climatic. can. order Cave Lower. 3.. Arid. phase, and丘ssure. Cave ￣Arid. 6.. Humid. 7.. the. gain. of the plateau level became water. phase. ground. and bed. in Husen-ana一. seen. On. vigorous. have. been. may. speleo-history. and Isa. 丘ssure bed. high,. in as. phase, of. Upperlsa. bed. Emergence. .‥‥‥‥‥‥.... making. open of phase, brown bed clay. Deposition. submergence II. 丘ssure,. cave. submergence and丘ssure,. breccia. and. Akiyosi Emergence. Tyogatubo･. and. Muk∂yama. cave. bat. guano. sinter,. beds and. humus. Submergence. ‥‥‥‥‥. etc,. the. Akiyosi. a rather arid follows in as-. .. open. phase. causlng. the. deposited. making. it may. in humid. contrary. Akiyosi-dai. the. of. the. Perhaps or. :. 1.. 4.. the. Isa. Upper. as. submerged. extensive. 2.. 5.. a. of view. rather bed or. We. in. point. lsa bed. Upper. generally. making brown'clay. cending. the. after. cave. phase.. and.

(23) i)eposits a也d their京ossiisin Akiyosi I)i'stricti畠. Quat｡,na,y Cave and女issur｡. e＼I ▼･･イ. :;描. I.I ∼. o3. &. 己〉 Iィ. ｢1. _5i. 品 g. F: ① し). 書重量. G d3. CO -O. Ed. 重責. ｡. LJ. 名 tS. tS. tS. 3. 喜o:o oQ. ■●■ ●. '9('/. ヨ. oO. QO. 盲旨巨星. 真裏芸重量表芸喜ヱ. U. u. _0. ら. 墨書買§′ ⊂)トー. ▼一. CI. Cつ. 寸. LL3. く♪. t■-. FLl. (ブ. oi…喜. CK). 節. ooo:. .I: ∽. 〔⊃. ⊂) Fh (リーて】. 'd 4) +コ. :I:･･l. h d. ･.･l. ･X'･】 -■●●l. ･･.I/: ･X. ●. ●. F]. ⊂l. (づ Q). 芸選書選言選. ● ●. l. -. Q) Pl. 言墓室量童貞の. ■ち. 0. 事]. の. Gト. <. 日回. ロ0. FE･. 【コ 0. ￠ :I. .I. G5 h. ELl. U Q) ∽. 孤. ト+. ぐ弓. 日. 'て∼ 0 ◆J. 一月. 日. ” t6. ∋. U -. h. (p. 3. > a. i. -岩 0. o. U. ∈】. h. 〔ロト■. C). h. ｢⊃. cd. O. ∽. [凸 ■. o. ●. 0. U. の N. :s 因妻;o隻:: o:喜桝童富電蓄善言真書 ●. ●. l. ●. ､. ■. ･l. ●. ●. ■. ■. bβ しロ. ＋. t. l. ■●●●. こJ. l. ,. ＋+. ｢コ ①. yl. 粥 ”. ト. Ⅷ 菖萱竜表裏. I bt)I. 芯 l ､I. ト･. ら+メ)( f. Qt). ou( OQQ. 〉qQ .oミ勺. 芸名. ;:I :< ,I;'…. )I.. 罪. 謂. OQQ. h.

(24) 66. T.. 1.. Table. Q). Shikama. Speleo-stratigraphy. K2. E]. G. Okafuji. and. Akiyosi-dai.. of. I. Humus. Q) U O. I･･････{. O. Kl. E]. Tyogatubo. Muk∂yama. brown. Akiyosi. J3. iJ. bed. 吉. 告 Q) U O. J2. ▼･･･ぺ. Dl. Q). terrace Akiyosi. of. ∫. cd ∽. JI. h Q). of 20m. plateau,. ,A. -.......￣￣. q) -一. Karrenfeld. Upper. '□. ＋+ ∽ ●. I. bed. clay. Q) Eh. ∫. bed. Lower. =. > ⊂). J. I. Cave. ------. V. Hitertho shown. with. known. J Submergence. making. and丘ssure. Emergence. Fauna. Fossil. of fauna. species. †. listed. are. below:. extinct. elements. are. asteris°s. A･. Fauna. witll. extinct. (J2).. elements. U) 4T<. 1-ocalities. (勺. F]. 己. (づ U?. (づ. □ Q). h.土日. ∽. U: L:. H Cave. Lower :. bed. C:. Cave Fisstlre. F:. 一. U占. 巴OEh 3._CL. 望邑トZ. II. U F. C. F. Mammalia *. Sinomegaceros. (SHIK.). yabei *. Cervus. *. ................... *. △△Cervus Sus. (Si'nomegacerotdes). (Depe'reiia)Praen`如onicus. SHIK.. ”.ppon leucomystpx. Palaeoloxodon TAI(. Nyctereuies. △Canis. [upusL.. AFelis. tigris. TEM. TEM.. *. ‥‥‥.‥.. ToK.. aomoriensis. & *. i)iz)verrinus ..‖‥‥.‥‥. L.. .............. UC?. ＋p<. く勺. 旨表 ,上∃ .当 Q). 口1. 帆. (/) ∽ cd. 己. くづ '℃. F: 品巳･召g i;g: 蓋邑宗旨￡2 'G喜 ∽hコ芦き ○. くづロ1. 昔旨責邑. bed. bed. Husen-ana. 丘ssure. and. Isa lsa. Upper. コU). Ej. コ. Beds. (匂 Q). ko巳 I. El'岩. 巨岩召僧. ”). 〔づ -⊂) (⊃. ◆■■+. TEM.. *. ?. L. F. ?. r. L. F. ?.

(25) Cave. Quaternary △Ursus *. L.. ten. SHIK.. △△Musie[a. Sorex *. fI左s.. (BLYTIi). 67. -. ･. -.. -. (MILNE-. *. EDWA.RD) (?). TⅢoMAS. AnQurOSOreX. District. *. moniebelli. shinto. Akiyosi. L.. fuscaia. Mi占rotus. in. Fossils. their. and. *. erminea. Macaca. Deposits. *. arctos. Maries. Fissure. and. 辛. &. SHIK.. jaPonicus. ‥. 辛. ‥‥.‥..‥‥‥‥‥..‥‥.. Crocidura. dsinezumi. Urotricus. ialPoides. *. TIiOMAS. chisai. hondonis *. TEOMAS. ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥. Mogera. *. (TEM･). u)ogura. Aves &. Gen･. indet･.--. sp･. Amphibia Rand. *. sp.. Pisces △△Thunnus orientalis. B.. &. (TEM･. Fauna. ScHL･). Akiyosi. of. brovn. bed. clay. in. (all. caves) (J3). 読己. O. ぐd. 己 E]. l. cd ぐゴ. a. ぐ3. sj. くづ. sj c6. E]. 良. 〔弓 I q). 3 日. ヨ. (づ. の. Ej. ト. d. bβ cd J3. 0. ○. 〔d. 日. 日. l芯cd (i h. ⊂). ロ (づ. ,上∃ (づ. 言. 〔づ. (弓 cd. E3 くづ. l. .g ロの. N. ト+ 【弓. 喜. =. Mammalia *. Ceruus Sus. *. TEM.. leucomystax. MeZes. anakuma. Canis. luPus. Canis. sp,. Lepus. *. TEM.. ..‥‥‥‥‥‥..‥.. *. TEM‥. aff.familiaris vie)Verrinus. ‥. ‥. ･-･. *. TEM･. -･. ･･. *. *. *. *. *. ･-･.. --･･･.I---. Apodemus. speciosus. A.. (THOMAS)‥‥･･--I-･-･-･.. *. (MILEN-EDWARD) (TEM･). .. I. I. * ------.. *. *. A.sp--..---..-･････--････-･･-･. nippon. *. TEM･. R.sp.............････.････････.･･････.･.･････. Amphibia BujTo. vulga申sformosus. 辛. *. (BLYTE). jTerrum-equinum. *. ･･････.･････. moniebelli. Rhinolophus. *. *. L.. Ml'croius. geisha. ･-･. TEM.. brachyurus. Macacafuscaia. ･. ...･･････････････. hodoAylax. Nyciereuies. *. SIiIE･. (DePdreiia) praen妙onicus. BouLENGER. 辛 -. -. -. -. ･. ･. 辛. ･○. 'てプ. h ロ. ゴ. l. O 〔づ. -当 (弓. a.

(26) 68. T.. C.. Faunae. Shikama. Tyogatubo. of. and. and. a. Okafu)'i Muk6yama. beds. (Kl). ∽ d. 蓋ご墨書. 己. ??. 弓呈責邑⊇選也 Mammalia Sus. leucomysiax. Homo. sapiens. Lepus. brackyurus. Raitus. L. *. TEM.. …‥. ‥‥‥.i. *. sp.. Apodemus A.. TEM.. -. -. -. *. Rhinolophus. *. sp.. .---･･--I--. *. (TEM.). ”)ogura. Uroirichus. *. (MILNE-EDWARD). moniebelLi. Mogera. -. (TEM.). sz,eciosus. Microius. *. (THOMAS). geisha. *. TⅢoMAS. hondonis. taiPoides. Aves Gen.&sp.. indet‥...‥‥‥.‥‥.‥｡ Reptilia. Nairix. sp,. Elaphe. sp. gen.. &. Hyla. sp.. *. indet.. sp.. Amphibia BzijTo vulgaris formosus sp.. ‥‥‥... *. Scincidae,. Rand. *. (BoIE). aff. iigrina. *. 13ouLENGER?. ............................I-I,-･･...I..･.･･･.･････････. ...... Pisces &. Gen.. *. indet.. sp.. ........ D.. Fauna. of. surface. soil. (or. sandy. clay) (K2)･くづ. 亡 cd. く匂. sj. (〇. cd. ロ. .昌≡ N くづ i+. コ. ,上司. ･i2. ヨ. a. (づ. Sus. Mammalia leucomystax. Cants. sp.. Meles. TEM.. LePus. Rattus. (匂. ト. <u 良 h =. O U. * ‥”..‥. .‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥. *. TEM.. ‥‥..‥‥..‥‥‥…‥‥‥.-. * ..”,.......”.................”...... *. (BLYTE).............. leucogenys. norvegicus. ロ. E: cd>. ....................””................. brachyurus. Petaurista. ト1. liz プ. ”. _”). *. MustelaitatsiTEM.. Macacafuscaia. =. cd. ..”..H‥‥L.. vivL,errinus. anakuma. :a. F]. *. TEM.. aff.jTamiliarisL.. Nyctereutes. (弓. (弓. TEM.. ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥..‥‥‥..‥.‥.‥... TEM.. 辛 ..‥‥‥.…‥‥‥‥t‥‥‥‥.... ERXLEBEN‥..‥‥‥‥‥‥‥..‥‥‥‥‥‥. *.

(27) Cave. Quaternary Apodemus. Fossils. their. and. in Akiyosi. --------･･---･･---. A.geisha(TfIOMAS)･･･････････････..････････.･･････････････ Microtus. (MILNE-EDWARD). montebelli. Rhinolophus. ferrum･equinum. Pipistrellus. (?). Mogerd. *. I.･･･････.･･･. *. TEM･. nil,bow. *. *. ･. -. -. -. ･･. -. -. -. ---･---･･-･-I.--------･･. ･････.･･･････. *. TIiOMAS. chisai. .. *. THOMAS. hondonis. lalPoides. *. *. (TEM･). dsinezumi. tTroirichus. ･････････. *. *. sp･. wogura. Crocidura. 69. District. *. (TEMP). sbeciosus. Deposits. Fissure. and. Aves Gen.. &. *. indet‥.‥‥‥‥---･-. sp-. Reptilia ET(ゆhe. quadyiDirgaia. Natrix. tigrina. Lacertilia,. &. -. I.. I. ･. *. (BoIE). gne.. *. STEIND･. -. --. -･･･--. sp.. 辛. indet･. Ampbibia. Bufo. sp.. .-----･･----･･-----･---I. *. Rana. 】. sp.. Furthermore,. junior. the. caves. of. Koziki,. kami. and. Tanuki. Makurazi,. Maruyama,. Irimi,. the of land shells from Mizusima, Mizusima-. species Awaya･. follows:. as. 2.. Table. 58. reported. author. Land. from. shells. different. of. soil. surface. caves･. (づ I. 遥 ●. G.. Chamalycaneus. SPirostoma. palaina. japonica. Akiyoshia. =. ト1. ,弓 =. h. くづ. 冒. 【づ. 臥 (づ. ? i. 朗コ N. 喜. 己 ∽. ヨ. ぷ. ∼. コロ. 喜. [→. cd. -. -. -. ･. AMANO. *. *. 辛. 辛. *. *. *. 辛. *. (KoBELT). -. ･. -.. ･. -. *. 辛. 辛. *. -. I. ･･････.･･････.･････.. --. (A. ADAMS). -. -. -. -. -. ･･. -. I-. -. -. MARTENS. ･･. *. *. *. *. *. *. *. *. *. *. *. *. *. *. 辛. *. *. *. *. *. I. -. I. -. -. * ･. ---･---･-.･･･. uenoi. PILSBRY. tenuiplica. &. KuRODA. PILSBRY. kyushuensis. tanegashimae. collanfera. HABE. ･---. -. Carychium C. n軸onense. ollula. Gyrauluspulcher. PILSBRY. &. HIRASE. *. *. *. * -. ･. ,. * -. -. ･･. ･---. *. *. --･-----･. (GouLD).･･-･･･.･･･.･･････････, (MoRI). *. *. ･･--･-･･･--. PILSBRY----･. pessinum. * -. --･-. (Cavermacmella)々uzuensisSuzuKI. Paludinella. Fossaria. -. (Procyclotus) campanulatus pusilla (MARTENS). Diplommalina D.. -. MARTENS. herklotsi. Eh ゴ. 4Y<. くづ ●▼･ぺ. --･･･--------. (PILSBRY). micron. CycloPhorus. -. ･. Pilsbryana. Nakadaella. Cycloius. -. rujTa (SowERBY). PuPinella. 〔弓. 辛. PILSBRY. (PILS. &圧IRASE). shikokuensis. コ ,上d (弓. Ed. japonica. ト勺 (づ ∼+. T･･+. N O. Georissa. 己. †･･+. * *. -･----･.----･･. *. *.

(28) 70. T.. Boysidia. (Bersonella). Vertigo End. PILSBRY. japonica. Paganizaptyx. bz'labrata. A･. clavulinum. Punctum PI. Parakaliella P･. pagoduloides. T.. D,. (HIRASE). (GuDE). *. *. *. &. (MARTENS). *. goodu)im'(SMITH). ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥. ‥... ‥. ‥. ‥..... numbers. *. *. *. *. *. *. * …. ”.... ….. *. ”................ *. PILSBRY... &. *. *. *. * ‥...... ‥.. *. ‥.. B6TTGER)............. (GuDE). *. *. *. *. ..‥‥‥‥‥..‥. * ‥. ‥... ‥.. ‥. *. ‥. *. despecta. *. sieboldiana. *. *. *. *. .............”.. (KoBELT) iu,akau,a. *. ‥. ..‥.‥...‥‥”.,. (PILSBRY)............. (Sinoennea). *. ‥‥.‥..‥‥. IIIR_A.SE). (PFEIFFER) (MARTENS).......”.......”. hickonis. * ‥. ......... (Acusia). *. ‥. *. (WESTERLUND).. eumenes. *. * ‥. (REINHARDT). (ScfIMACHF-R. speci丘c. *. ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥. (GuDE). (PlectoiroPsis)aemula. Total. *. ‥‥. (PILSBRY). ceraiodes. E･ congenita. * …. ‥... (PILSBRY. A･. Gulella. ‥‥. friedeliana aPeria. E･dixoni. *. (GuDE)‥‥‥‥‥.. herhloisi. *. ........ (REINHA.RDT). kobensis. Euhadra. *. ‥..... (REINHARDT)..... A.. Fruticicola. *. 辛 ‥. (PIX,SBRY).... sinabidium. doeniizii. T.. *. ヽレーl､. …. Uyazirocillamys. TrishoPlita. *. *. vaga. AegL'sta. *. 1ご. *. myonphola. *. *. 辛. ‥. ‥.. Yamaiochlamys. Satsuma. :I:. ‥. ‥‥‥........ muliiuolz,is. Ceratochlamys. *. *. llnu.sE). (PII-SBRY). crenulata. nanodes. * *. ,. fraterna. hilgendorji. *. *. KuRODA.. (PILSBRY). Parasitula. *. *. (BINNEY). Praealia. Discoconulus. *. *. Po二ITT.).. (PIILS. &. (GuDF･). Gasirodoniella. *. *. harimensis. Trochochlamys T.. (PoETTGEN). uasta. (REINHARDT). circumcincta. *. *. &. (RI三INI-IARDT). japonica. *. .. PILSBIミY.. sp.. 辛. *. .. kyotoense. Petaloc/damys. S.. (PILSBRY). (ScHMAC=-=E!こ&. minuscula. *. *. (PrLSBRY)A.. I;,mblygonum. Sitalina. ‥... *. (CROSSE). japonicum. Hawaiia. *. *. HIRASE. ( Vastina). pyrgula. satsumense. *. (SMITH). japonica. A･. Okafuji. (BENSON). k(1u,amOloi KuRODA pilsbryana TAKI....................... MegaloPhae(/usa. Al[opeas. G.. and. ..‥‥‥‥‥. subaura7itiaca. Tyrannophaedusa. M･. &. (KoBELT). reiniana. T.. plicidens. Sbikama. ...‥..‥‥‥.‥‥. (PILSBRY). ‥. ‥. *. *. ….. ,. *. 主∈ *. 16. 14. *. *. *. *. 26. 21. *. 辛. 7. *. *. *. *. 33. 20.

(29) Cave. Quaternary. He. the. up. picked. small. Nextly. the. species. of vertebrate. Deposits. Fissure. and. from. shells. 3.. Table. the. GeologlCal. range. of. each. Akiyosi. it with water･ sieving Akiyosi-dai in of each. species･. Ⅰiolocene. Late Pleistocene. Age. Geological. Low.. l､二【ー￣二 J3 A. Numbers Mammalia sinomegaceros. ･. (Sinomegaceroides). *. cervus. (DePみetia). △△. cervus. (Sika) n妙on. Fells. △ *. tigyis. Mustela. Meles. anakuma. Ursus. arctos. ､L･. TEM. L.. L.. sp.. Homo. ,･-･..･･-･. L.. saPiens. Rattus. -. -. &. -. -. ･. TAT;.. ･-----. TEM.. ･･ ........ ,I. ‥‥---I.･. ..1･･･････.･･･････････.･･･････.･･. APodemus. sPeciosus. (TF-M･). (THOMAS). A.geisha A.sp.. -..---･. ･･. ････..･････････････. ...･････.I.･･･････.I.･･.････.････. Microtus. montebelli. RhinoloPhus R.sp.. (MILNE-EDWARDS). ferrum-equinum. nil,pow. ･. TEM･. ..,････.･･.･･････..･･････. PiPistrellus Sorex. -. -. ERXL.. norvegicus. R.sp.. *. TEM-. leucogenys. -. Tog.. aomoriensis. brachyurus. petaurisla. △△. ‥‥--------I. (BLYTI王). fuscata. palaeoloxodon LePus. .-A---･･.. L･. aff. familiaris. Macaca *. TEM.. hodopylax. C. luPus. TEM.. viv2)errinus. △CanisluPus. C.. ･ .. -･･-･-･-I. erminea. Nyctereutes. **. TEM･. itaisi TEM,. M.. A. SfIIK･. SEIK. ten. Martes. △△. L.. (S‡iIE･). yabei. ♪raeniz,I,onicus. TEM,. leucomyslax. Sus. 8. localities. of. (?). sp.. ･----･･.... shintoT‡王OMAS･･---･･--･･-----. Anourosorex crocidura urotrichus. japonicas dsinezumi. SEIK, chisai. talPoides hondonis. HASEGAWA. & TⅡoMAS. T耶)MAS. ‥. -. ‥. ･.. -. I. -. -. ･. -. I. ･.. ･. A. UP.. KI. K2. B. C. D. 7. 2. Jl-J2. Fauna. 71. District. by. range. geologlCal follows:. in. Fossils. surface-soil. the. will show as fauna. authors. their. and. 5.

(30) 72. T.. Mogera. (TEM.). wogura. Tbe Aves,. other. Elabhe. sp･. (BoIE). Bufo. &. gen.. Lacertilia,. ‥. ‥. .,”........... indet.. sp.. &. gen.. ‥‥‥‥. indet‥‥‥‥.. sp.. BouLENGER?. formosus. vulgaris. β.sp.. --.----‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥.. Rana. spp.. Hyla. sp.. ........................... ..-......................... Thunnus. &. gen.. Total. specほc. Index. of. ‥. 20. numbers. 18. 23. 2. 9. 4.6. 2.5. 5. species. Ratio. of. extinct. species. to. total. Ratio. of. extinct. species. to. total. **. 14. (-t6?tai-表芸霊了窓-). of extinct. Extinct. ScliL.). indet.. sp.. richness. Numbers. &. (TEM.. orientalis. Pisces,. *. ‥. (BoIE)..”....”.. tigrina. aff･. Scincidae,. △△. ‥. ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥..‥‥‥‥‥‥‥. Natrixtigrina. N.. ‥‥‥‥‥..‥. STEIN.. quadrivirgata. 且sp.. G. Okafuji. and. vertebrate indet. sp.. &. gen.. Shikama. Almost. extinct. mammalia. ExotictoJapan. △. 0. 25%. 7%. 0%. 0%. 28%. 7.6%. 0%. 0%. Exotic. △△. to. Akiyosi-dai. area.. It is very. like and can be clear that the fauna of lsa bed (A) is much in to that Upper Kuzuii correlated age of the which senior author regarded to be late Pleistocene in age (J2) and to be the same age the Sinomegawith fauna Inland Sea or with ceroides-Bison the Kushiangtung bed of Syodosima･ in North so. Manchuria･ in Japan,. rare. that. the. discovery. ing. thing. is the. deduced. ceramic some. men. are. aspect. we. deposits. *. In. implements ceramic. the. of view.. cannot. of this 1957･. from culture･. T･. from. gained. resembling. points. present. say. those. from. culture. loglCal. a kind as such of fauna of lsa bed is not Akiyosi brown bed is (J3) rare, of so clay rather be very important. Another of this fossil bed may interest-. but. can. possibility of the existence of find bone, the of Thunnus supporting. from. fossil. the. We. gain stage. red. the. Upper. Kuzuii. bed. earth the. any. materials. valid in Japan.. ONO. reported. Kita. Umakorobi. The. authors. the of think,. culture. of. Kuzuiian. occurrence. it may. as. be. can. Of NA.O丘A Nowadays the. (J3) is said. Aurignacian. of cultural. an. bed,. the oplnlOn bed*.. is older. of. Akiyosi･dai. lsa. Tatikawian. of. somewhat The Upper. in. men. end. than. from. to. the. Tatikawian. scraper. them. and regarded belong to the Akiyosi. and. typoat. spelean. stone. other. belonging brown. have. and. from. remains. that non-. clay.. to. non.

(31) Cave. Quaternary. Fissure. and. Deposits. Description. vI.. Fossils. their. and. Selected. of. in. District. Akiyosi. 73. Species. Mammalia Order. Ungulata Suidae. Family sus. Pl･ Ⅴ, Figs･ト4). (pl. ⅠⅤ, Figs.ト13, In. Sus. leucomystax. TEMMINCK,. 1924. sus. leucomystax. TEM･,. KISHIDA･. 1936. sus. leucomystax. TEM.,. SIiIEAMA･. 1845. 1845. TEMMINCK,. leucomystax. Faun･. SIEBOLD's Mon･. Geol,. Jour･. Jap･,. Mamm･･. Jap･. SocI. 571. p･. 348-350･. pp･. vol･. 42,. Man'･,. p･. Jap･,. 516,. no･. pp･. 647-659. 1938. sus. leucomystax. leucomystax. TEM･,. 1938. sus. leucomystax. leucomystax. TEM･,. leucomystax. TEM,,. 1940. sus. 1949. sus. Upper. and. lower. Ml,. M2,. right. left I2, upper. upper. with Koziki-ana;. from. DM3. right upper. left jaw. both. The. jaws. calcaneum,. proximal from. Specimens. upper. Mam･,. Jap･. J叩･,. Nat･. Hist･ upper. Jap･. P4,. Ml,. M2,. a. part. of cranium,. and. Mam･･. 28d-284･. pp･. jaw. right. P3-M3. with. left. jaw with ll, left II, I2,. uppe.r. right left P4,. distal. part. left. metacarpus,. of. phalanges. middle. 23･. second, from pes. Koziki-anal to. belong. third. right. p･. 2･. 5-6･. pp･. lower with symphysis with P4-M2, P8, lower C, lower right right P3, left. tibia, right and left third and fourth metatarsus, Husen-ana. :. Vert･. Cat.. jaw. of right. Description. Jap･. IJist. OKADA｡ Mon･. TEMリIMAIZUMI･. leucomystax. scrojTa. specimens‥. KuRODA,. KuRODA･. one. fully. individual. adult. grown. and. of M13･. hypocone･ talon metacone and of except ground size., all teeth In tubercles･ parastyle thick and palatal consists of six of it well developed, distinct broader becoming M3 and with anteriorly much view, elongate-trigonal, more than backward; paracone metacone eminent talon, which and large. projects. ancl hypocone: two. of the former. protocone. side which than. consists. and. protocone. protocone. quadrate, respectively･. four. of. P4. buccal two than steeper of the latter M2 subquadrate in palatal view with eminent parastyle more distinct to丘ve tubercles; paracone metacone and lingual. side. M] rcspectively･ broader hypocone much. hypocone and. subquadrate,. a. little broader. smal一er. much than than. and. paracone. long,. M2,. than. metacone. with. eminent than broad. P3 longer deep･ valley tolerably Lower short anterio-posteriorly, right DM3 relatively eminent ectolopb･ follows: dimensions are as sized talonid; small tocone. and. paracone;. median. sub-. pro-. with with.

(32) 74. T.. Shikama. G. Okafuji. Specimens. and. in question. Adult. Right P3. L.｢‥‥.‥‥‥. W.‥‥‥‥‥.‥. 13.6 10.5. P4. IJ.............. W‥. 12.9. Ml枯二:: L‥‥‥‥‥‥‥. M2. W‥.. L‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ W...‥.‥‥‥‥. DM3. Rigbt 13.7mm ll.0. 12.8 15.1. 12.5. 14.7. 17.0. 16.8. 14.2. 14.3. 18.2 16.0. 22.0 17.8. 22.7 18.3. 22.7 18.2. 37. 8 20.5. 32.0 22.0. 14.1. 29.3 15.2. L:. Specimens. Mts;. Left. L‥ W‥‥‥‥‥‥‥. M3. from. specimen. Akaisi. from. Length. Ⅲusen-anal. W:. Cranium. Width. consists. a. of. large. frontal,. part. of right it belongs to. a parts parietal and of left frontal and parietal; young individual Anterior frontal to suprq-orbital of small size･ part of anterior foramen Contraction distinct, 22.5 mm unpreserved. of parietal rather about Dorsal lll･2mm long longitudinal wide･ surface of cranium along median. suture,. left frontal. and. much. ground, M2. while is so,. especially from. Koziki-ana. ;. symphysis. carries. tion. crowns. in. while cross. Lower. at. C. :. with. metastyle. P3. 1eftI2. left ll broken. and. worn. much. stout,. consist. I2:. Il and. left I2. worn; partly 27×14mm.. height. Remarks. coincide. large,. surface. middle. and Il, left. right. All. right. enamel. parastyle. of right. crown.. in maximum Right upper width･ left not former the worn; much Left M2 eminent, larger and stouter. of long･. not. Upper. section.. spatulate. 46･6mm those. off;. anteriorly,. of. six. almost. teeth. small. sized,. than. Lower. in preserva-. complete. of l nearly than' broad. crowns. longer. those. tubercles.. broader. ground,. cheek. triangular and. with. than. posteriorly anteriorly. of it tolerably ground; tip to base l17mm diameters and. gently curved distance from. and. In size and shape, these specimens the fully grown adult male animal. tip. above. just. mentioned. of the. recent. wild. closely boar of. Japan. Family Ceruus 1842. Ceruus. 1898. Cer2,uS. nifPon. tyPicus. 1915. Cervus. nibbon. m'z,Pow. pp. 1932. 1941. 461,. Cervus vol.. TEMMINCE,. (Sika) n抄on. TEMMINCI{･. In. SIEBOLD's. LyDEKKER･. Deer. TEMリLyDEKKER･. Faun.. 1837 Jap.,. 54-55.. pp.. pp. of All Lands, Mamm･ Cat･ Ung･. 112-114. Brit･. Mus･.. vol.. 4,. 108-110.. Cervus no.. sika. Cervidae. 2,. (Sika). m'bPon 71-84.. m'fPon. TEMリNAGASAWA.. (Sika) n妙on. n妙on. TEM･,. pp.. pp.. 1150-1151.. S=IEAMA.. Jour. Jub.. Geol.. Pub.. Soc.. Comm.. Jap., γol. 39, Prof.. YABE,.

(33) Quaternary 1949. Cave. CerDuS. 1949. (Sika). 21,. ser･. right a. and. Three. ･･. ramus,如e. right. M3. CerDuS. 1937. 1941. 1949 1949. (Debt(retia) braenipponicus 1, p.. no.. (Depe'retia)praem'fPonicus. 2,. 23,. vol.. 3,. no･. p･. teeth,. forty. right isolated. three. three cranium, fragments, antler a. SHIKAMA･. Sci･. S=IEAMA,. SHIK.. cannon. bone･. distal. parts. two. distal two. seven. astragalus, of Nippon-Sekkai･ deposited. Soc･. Jap.,. 43,. γol.. Tohoku. lmp.. Univ.,. ser.. Comm･. Prof.. YABE,. γol.. Rep･. T6hoku. lmp.. Univ.,. ser.. &. TAKArlASHI･. from. which. three. fragments, antler left innominate bone,. an. a. a. end. of. tibia. left. and. left. ramus,. and. phalanges. from. jaw,. right. left rami,. axis,. sacrum. and. described right. fragment. humerus, bed. detached femur. a. from. left. thirteen. four. isolated. antler. vertebrae, of innominate. pedestal, lumbar bone,. parts proximal fragments. of. three. of ulna,. proximal. upper. a. four. frag-. isolated. teeth, left. cervic fragments. frag-. jaw. including. seven. a. humerus,. of. of tibia, a calcaneum, from phalnges third quarry end. of rami,. right. individuals. above丘fteen. cannon. and. radius,. of Husen-ana; upper. left rami. and. from. Bfth. quarry. by the senior author and TAKA甘ASHI Ml, a left ramus, a lumbar vertebra, a radius, part proximal of femur, of femur. bone,. Husen-ana. right. of. fragment. of these innominate eight fragments of. and. Geol.,. quarry.. jaws,. upper. a. cheek. pedestals,. the numbers. in 1949. right. olecranon. and. of the. upper. thirty. three. of. an. cubonavicular. two. of Nippon-Sekkai,. head. of femur･. parts. in the丘ssure these,. Min.. eight upper ten left rami. teeth･. parts)I three. o土radius,. Judged. cheek lower. axis,. two. proximal Ube-K6san;. Jub･ Pub･. antler. radius,. Besides. Geol･. SHIKAMA･. eight. twelve. are. Jour･ Sci･ Rep･. right. (proximal eight scapulae distal ends a of humerus,. vertebra,. ⅤⅠ, Figs.ト17). right jaw fragments, including fragments,. upper. right rami isolated upper thirty-one. four. teeth. cheek. 106.. Two. ･･. thirty. upper. 85′-99.. pp.. fourteen. left I,. fragment,. Jaw. 1936. SHIKAMA･. (Depe'retia)praen軸onicus 3,. lower. Univ.,. 89.. Ceruus. left cheek. ∫mp.. 1147-1148.. Specimens. mcnts･. left. 75. 285-293.. pp.. SHIKAMA,. SEIEAMA･. (DePe'retia)praen軸onicus. pp.. vol･. T6hoku. District. of Nippon-Sekkai.. Pl･. praen抄onicus. Rep･. left upper. a. twelve. quarry. 5-26,. 19,. Cervus. ments,. Figs･. 2,. 2,. teeth,. cheek third. Akiyosi. Jap･ Mamm.,. fragments,. Jaw. Cervus. Ceruus. IIist･. in. 168-176.. pp.. vol.. Sci･. (Deperetia) praenifPonicus. (Anoglochis). 510,. no.. upper. the. (Pl･ Ⅴ･ 1936. S==EAMA･. Nat･. upper. from. CerDuS. TEM･･. Fossils. their. and. IMAIZUM=I. right. lower. right. Deposits. nifPon 103-104.. pp.. TEM･･. nifPon. Specimens a. n妙on. 23,. vol.. Cervus. Fissure. and. cheek Mizusimano-ana;. bone tibia. from are. femur,. the. quarry. highly. two. teeth, two a. antlers,. a. of. fossilized. calcaneum,. ,･. ;. astragalus a. left upper. supraocciput, lower left Ml. atlas, from.

(34) T.. 76. Tokuyama-Soda,s. Shikama. G. Okafuji. and. left metatarsus. quarry'a. from. Akiyosi. brown. bed. clay. of. Tanuki-ana. Antler･. Description:. of burr. groove. and. tubercles. sekkai. has. burr. upper. and. the. teeth.. and. their. cribe. other. folds. One P4 P3. in niMon;. than M2. nearly. surface. almost. as. Length. of. ramus. Height. of. ramus. as. posterior. ･:･-･. M3. to. posterior. 185.. preserved. at innerside. 0n. Length. Rigbt. M3. of. ‥‥‥‥. cheek. tooth-row-. upper. teeth.. of. 5. No.. long,. No.. 6. No.. subquadrate both view,. and. No.. -. _. 24.0. 25.8. -. 32.0. 29.2＋. 15.2. 16.8. fold･ of血ddle. just anterior. No.. No.. 32. 203.0. -. 25.2. 36.8. 36.4. 34.7. 34.2. 17.0. 16.2. 19.2. 14.7. 7. No.. 8. No.. 9. No.. 10. No.. ll. No.. 12. 96.5. -. No.. 13. No. ∼. ll.9. ll.7 13.3 10.5 14. 8 17.3. 17. 8 -. 19.2. 19.8. 17.4. 18.6. 33. 174.Omm. 28.2. -. p8描 21.2 18.0. No.. 26.0. 94.5. p21古. 19.5 18.2. third. ”. 4. l. -. to. Rigbt. ”. 3. anterior･ and M3 relatively distinct third. with. ; posterior. fold. shorter long. as. and. Lower. ∼. p4描 Mli古 M2桔 M3描. longl-. ralatively. below. ramus. ･of･ lobe. middle. 0. burr;. above. runnlng. grooves. ”. No.2. Nippon-. lnner. ‥.‥‥‥.‥‥‥‥‥‥. Thickness. in outline. ”. 1. No.. Rami.. side. view. tubercle-like. small. carrying follows :. long. rugose,. of. of this characteristic first beams between main distinct tubercles ; about. than. a. quadrate. Left. 0n. ramus. in. quarry. not. size, it is difrlCult to deshigh rather and thick while. mucll Wider in palatal. quadrate. distally,. Dimensions. Ditto. about. 57.8mm. palatal distinct･ accessory and column rather M3 broad M2 Shorter anterio-posteriorly;. bifurcated. top4. third. Two. burr･. above. Upper. thin.. posterior longer, while lobe, its grinding lobe.. bigb. characteristics.. general low and. anterio-posterioly as Ml and broad;. lobe. and. burr. and. from. and with moderately curved long as preserved respectively･ in shape Rami vary much and. 190m.m. and. Jaw. surface. antler. young. in diameter. very. forkings. second. 170mm. obsolate;. 29.8×28.3mm. forking. species,丘rst and. a. it:. above. lower several with rather smooth while below bifurcation･ A a little depressed. surface. tudinally. from long. lOOnlm. and. and pedestal specimens of burr 48･4×46･8mm is largest, in Ube-K6san three. are. one. of growth;. stages. showing diameter. There. 18.6 18.2. 16.9. 18.7. 13.4 9.8 14.8. 9.8 14.7. 14No.. 15. 12_7mm ll｡9.

(35) Cave. Quaternary Left. 16. L W. P. L W. P. L. M. 17. No.. 18. No.. 19. No.. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. …. -. -. -. -. --. 18.8. -. 17.2. 20.8. 20.7. -. 17.0. L W. 20.2. 20.2 19.0. 17.7 17,0. 19.8. -. -. -. 17.8. -. 20.0 17.1. -. -. -. lower 1. teeth No.. 2. 3. No.. No.. 21. No.. 22. No.. 23. No.. 24. No.. 25. No.. ll.5. 13.2. 7.2. W. 14.0 8.8. 8.7. MI. Iノ W. 13.2. 14.2. 10.8. 10.0. 10.7. ll.2. M2. L W. 17.1 11,8. 16.5 10.7. 16.4 12.0. 17.3 ll,0. M3. L W. 25.2 11.0. 23.5 10.4. 24. 3 10.8. *. lower 4. No.. No.. 27. L. 16.5. 17.2. ll.8. ll.8. 24.2 ll.4. 24,8 12.0. L No. from. M M M. 15.7. -. 20.0 11.6. 10.2 18.9 12.0. -. 23.9 12.8. -. 1土rom. third. No.. Husen-ana, quarry. 24. 0. 25.7 10.8 Nos.. of. and values. 16.9-18. 16. 8-18.7. 8. L. 19. 5-21. 17. 0-19.. 2 0. 32. 33. Ditto. from. of from. Mizusimano-an且. praen妙onicus Kuzutl. 15. 4-17.. 2. 16. 3-18.. 0. 17, 0-19. 17. 5-20.. 0 0. IJ W. 19.2-20.2. 17.4-21.. 0. 17. 1-18.. 6. 17. 0-19.. 5. L. 13. 0-15. 10. 0-ll.2. 8. 14, 5-17. 10.7-ll.. 7 8. 2. 18. 5-20.7. W. 16. 4-21. 10.7-12.. 0. 11.2-13.7. L. 23.. 8. 23. 6-27. 11. 5-14.. W L. W. 30. 26. 8 11.7. 10.5. and Nippon-Sekkai.. L W. W. 29. No.. 31. No.. No.. 33. 19.0 11-8. Maximum. M. 21.2* ll.8. 28. No.. Minimum. M. -. 14.2 9.6. 15.8mm 10.8. 13.0 ll.0. W. M. -. teeth. L W. W. M. ll.8. -. -. Unworn. f Right. M. 13,7. 7.2 13,5 8.3. -. -. 32. 9.Omm. -. 7.8. 13.3. L W. M. No.. 6.7. L. P4. 26. 10.2. -. W. P3. 77. 14.8mm 13.8. L. P2. District. No.21. 20. 18.0 16.8. 19.0. -. L W. No.. Akiyosi. 13.3 13.5. 17.0. -. Left. in. Fossils. 13.3 13.8. -. -. W. M. No.. -. -. W. M. their. and. -. L. P. Deposits. teeth. upper. No.. Fissure. and. 5-26. 10. 4-12.. 8. 8. 5. 26.2. 22. 8. 12.8. 11.0. and. others. mPPo. ”. (N.A.GASAWA) mm. 14. 0-15.4 10. 0-10.6 16, 8-17. ll. 0-ll.. 6. 8. 22. 9-23. ll. 1-ll.. 5. 9.

(36) T.. 78. A. left innominate. long;. bone. Shikama. retainlng. tarsus. backⅥ7ard,. concave. of shaft. distally.. taperlng. Length. as. preserved. Diameters Ditto. of. of. shapft. ReⅡlarks:. lower. Ml. hence. there. and. are. 38×40mm. about. in. in run.nlng.. obtuse. a. diameters; A. left meta一. ; posterior surface a-nterior surface in proximal in lateral view part; shaft. 228.. 0. mm. 25.6×24.2. ‥‥‥‥‥‥.‥.‥. 21.2×20.￣2. ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥. that. said. l14皿m. of about. on. groove. elld. a. be. may. outline, border pubic. middle. be. may. M3. of ilium. portion. ‥‥‥‥‥.‥‥‥‥‥‥.. proximal below. It. prOXimal. especially follow-.. Dimensions. Okafuji. in. acetabulum subtriangular border but acute rather distinct longitudinal with. ischial. G.. and. Ml. upper. M9. and. are. a. longer. little. and. little shorter from Kuzuii, than those ofPraen抄onicus degree the tolerable of variation within species of. Praenil)I)onicus. Sinomegaceros. (Sinomegaceroides) Pl･. (Pl. ⅤⅠⅠ,Figs･ト12. 1937. Cervus. 1938. Cervus 1-2,. 1941. (Sinomegaceros). Megaceros Cervus vol.. 1954. 23,. Megaceros. 1956. Megaceros. a_re. A as. fourth pes:. large. part. and. Old. Stone. Comm.. 635,. no.. S°i. Rep.. no.. Geogr.,. 524,. p. 409. 16,. vol.. no.. Prof.. YABE,. γol. 2,. p.. Univ.,. ser.. 32. lnlp.. T∂hoku. 2,. Age. Jap.,. pp.. 95-96,. 197-200.. 132-134.. Ibid., pp. MATSUMOTO. MoRI.. &. thoracic two. DobLltSugaku. γol. 65,. Zasshi,. no.. part. of scapulae,. of. of right humeri,. femur,. end. of. (?) pes, third radii. from. others. Of coracoid reglOn left radius, distal end. right. distal. The. quarry.. M3, lower left M2 and right lumbar two vertebrae, proximal. and. pleCeS. humerus,. calcaneum,. pbalange.s. entocondyle. of. right and left radius,. of. left. (?) metatarsus,. right. middle. femora. and. Of. phalange. are. femur,. third. and. of､ right. partly. coated. (?). with. carbonate.. Description:. vard. 54,. vol.. SHIEAMA･. yabei. of right. proximal. tibia, right. surfaces. cribed. Geogr.,. left scapula,. and. proximal. calcium. Jub. Pub.. two. crown,. acetabulum,. right. SHIEAMA･. Geol.. Jour.. Ube-K6san's right tibia from left P3, upper follows: Upper. Of antler. left scapula,. two. yabei. 44,. 丁ap., vol.. 17･-21.. of right. right. Jap.. NAORA.. sp.. kinryuensis. SrJeCimens_:∼. parts. yabei. Jour.. NAORA.. sp.. 6, pp.. PleCe. Soc.. 107-111.. pp.. Euryceros. Husen-an且. YAGI.. sp.. (Sinomegaceros). 1954. M3,. Jour, Geol.. SEIKAMA･. 1157.. p.. 1949. ⅤⅠⅠⅠ, Figs.ト9). 115-122,. pp.. Cervus. 1942. SHIKAMA.. (Megaceros) sp. (Sinomeguceros). 1938. (SI{IKAMA),. yabei. Teeth.. bere一. Left ; posterior. outer. posteriorly･. P3. outer. crescent. Right. moderately fold much. narrower. M3. Upper. than. teeth. this. of. worn,. with. species high crown. mtlC㌧b耶)rrl arid. ;median interio-exteriorly, its. firstly. strongly fold distinct;. projected inner. have. accessory. but Inner. been bent. desback-. large valley longer. anterioI. COltlmn. worn;. a.

(37) little broader. than. accessory. lnner. and. long;. Dimensions. fold. anterior. COlumn. developed. antecrochet smooth.. Iうeposi'tsand; t良ei'r鮎ssi'1si'n Akiyosi. (ラ'aveand'FTi､ssure. QuaternAry. :. very. clngulum. are. as. costa. and. strong;. rather. anterior. moderately. fold. obsolete. and. fold. developed,. enamel. wall. Length. length at. Maximum. crown. breadth. of base. crown. of. of crown. rather. follows: P3. Maximum. f9^. median. strong;. inner. i)istri｡t. outer as. M3. 18.8. 24. 5mm. lobe.‥‥. 14.8. 22, 0. preserved. 15.9. 25. 0. ‥‥‥‥‥‥.. Lower. 一eft M2. crown;. inner. tubercle. costae. seen. costa;. little. a. eminent; inner; i一linner. upward;. lobe ward; of. posterior left M3. Lower. view,. median. abruptly. of anterior. end of inner lobe eminently unWOrn,. crescent. keeled.. croⅥ7n;. circular fold of. in upper. view;. median. 丘rst lobe. thick. and. upper. gently. up-. retaining. lobe. only. large,. not. semiinner. tapering inner. margin ■upward. convex. than. taperlng. third. upward;. very. posterior lobes expandfold. median. posterior. small inner. costa. posterior. but. thick. stout. a. column larger. crescent. and. With and. of. outer. outer. 1ng. strong. base. at. accessory. of anterior. Ⅵ70rn,. lobe. of in inner. view; border lobe of third posteric[r much bent forward Inner ; accessory COlumn distinct between丘rst very and second lobes;. a. inner. small. between. tinct small. second. outer士old. posterior. of. posterior wall follow. mensions. dis-. very. column. first and. seen. of second. lobes; at. lobe.. Di-. M2. Maximum length of Length crown base at innerlobe.‥‥‥.‥‥.‥.. crowJl‥. Maximum. breadth. Antler Text一丘g･. 30･. megaceroides) tip. from. gata-gun,. Sinomegdceros. yab占i (SHIKAMA).. Sionoiri, Nagano. Urasato-mura,. (SinoCrown Tiisa-. Prefecture. _×0.5.. preserved,. and. 36.7×19.Omm. Ⅹimal. end.. crown. of. fragment.. tip. of. M3. 32.7. 42.4mm. 27.8. 41.9. 21.9. 21.7. A. which. piece of crown is 92.8mm long. in diameter Surface. a. base. of. crown. of prorather.