Question Forms
Okinawan has different verb forms for yes-no questions and wh-questions. One way to ask a yes-no question is to add the particle naa ー after the final verb form (終止形).
This can only be used for yes-no questions, not for wh-questions. Another way to ask a yes- no question is to add the suffix (m)i to the bare verb form. To ask a wh-question, you add the suffix ga to the bare verb form:
飲 終止 Final
疑問
Yes-No Question
疑問詞疑問文
Wh-Question
連用語幹 :
現在 ん
num-u-n
num-u-mi
num-u-ga
しよっ ん
num-u-ta-n
num-u-t-i
num-u-ta-ga
音便語幹:
過去 ん
nud-a-n
nud-i
nud-a-ga
現在進行 ーん
nud-oo-n
ー nud-oo-mi
ー nud-oo-ga
過去進行 ー ん
nud-oo-ta-n
ー
nud-oo-ti
ー
nud-oo-ta-ga
基本語幹 :
否定 現在 ん
num-an
num-an-i
ん num-an-ga
過去否定 ん ん
num-an-ta-n
ん
num-an-t-i
ん
num-an-ta-ga
Notice that the past tense yes-no question forms are a bit odd; you would expect the past tense suffix (t)a to combine with mi and make the ending –(t)a-mi, but instead the past tense suffix and the YN question suffix combine together and become –ti or –i.
Here are some examples showing how these forms are used:
さ ゎー ーん ー?
saki-gwaa nud-oo-n naa
酒 飲ん るの?
さ ゎー ー ?
saki-gwaa nud-oo-mi
酒 飲ん る ?
ー ー 。
nuu nud-oo-ga
何 飲ん るの?
Exercise: Complete the following verb form tables, based on the dictionary entries on the folllowing pages.
残る 終止 Final
疑問
Yes-No Question
疑問詞疑問文
Wh-Question
連用語幹 :
現在 Present
しよっ
Witnessed Past
音便語幹:
過去 Past
現在進行
Present Progressive
過去進行 Past Progressive
基本語幹 :
否定 現在
Present Negative
過去否定 Past Negative
分 る 終止 Final
疑問
Yes-No Question
疑問詞疑問文
Wh-Question
連用語幹 :
現在 Present
しよっ
Witnessed Past
音便語幹:
過去 Past
現在進行
Present Progressive
過去進行 Past Progressive
基本語幹 :
否定 現在
Present Negative
過去否定 Past Negative