ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɨɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɤ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɫɜɹɡɢ.
Ʉɚɠɞɨɟ ɢɡ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɦɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ, ɤɚɤ ɭɠɟ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɝɥɚɜɟ 1, ɜɵ-ɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɢ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ. Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɚɞɦɢ-ɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ, ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ȺɋɌɍɉ. ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɫɟɬɟ-ɜɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɷɤɫ-ɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ. ȼ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚ ɢɥɢ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ/ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɢ (ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ) ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɚ. ɐɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜ ȺɋɌɍɉ ɮɭɧɤ-ɰɢɹ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɫɜɹɡɢ/ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚ-ɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ. ɋ ɭɱɺɬɨɦ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɝɥɚɜɟ 1 ɡɚɦɟɱɚɧɢɹ ɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ȺɋɌɍɉ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ, ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚ-ɛɨɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɢ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɭɱɺɬɚ (ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ) ɜ ȺɋɌɍɉ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ, ɧɨ ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶ-ɧɵɦ.
Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɹɦɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ (relationship management function) ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɟɤ. Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ X.732 ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɦɢ ɭɱɺɬɚ. ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɷɬɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɩɪɟ-ɞɟɥɢɬɶ, ɤɚɤɨɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɩɨɫɵɥɚɟɬ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ, ɚ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɷɬɢ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ.
Ⱦɚɥɟɟ, ɫ ɭɱɺɬɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɧɨ-ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ, ɪɚɫ-ɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ȼɈɋ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ȺɋɌɍɉ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɫɜɹɡɢ. ɋ ɭɱɺɬɨɦ Ɋɟɤ. Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ X.721, ɩɪɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɫɟɬɟɜɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɵ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ.ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ 2.3):
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2.3 – Ʉɥɚɫɫɵ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ISO
ɫɬɚɧ-ʋ ʋ ɩ/ɩ
ɇɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ
1 2 3
ɞɚɪɬɟ ISO/IEC 10164-1. Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɚɪɚ-ɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɭɱɺɬɚ.
2 Ⱦɢɫɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɬɨɪ (discriminator)
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧ-ɬɪɨɥɹ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɩɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɟɣ. Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫ-ɫɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɜ Ɋɟɤ. Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ X.734 ɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɟ ISO/IEC 10164-5.
3 Ⱦɢɫɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɬɨɪ ɩɟ-ɪɟɫɵɥɤɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ (eventForwarding-Discriminator)
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɹɬɶ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹɯ. ɗɬɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɞɨ ɬɨɝɨ, ɤɚɤ ɫɨ-ɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɢ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɚɞ-ɪɟɫɚɬɭ. «Ⱦɢɫɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɬɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɫɵɥɤɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ» ɹɜ-ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɤɥɚɫɫɨɦ «Ⱦɢɫɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɬɨɪ». Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɜ Ɋɟɤ. Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ X.734 ɢɥɢ ISO/IEC 10164-5.
4 Ɂɚɩɢɫɶ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɢ
(eventLogRecord)
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɢɧ-ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɠɭɪɧɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ɉɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɢɡɜɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɢ. ɗɬɨɬ ɤɥɚɫɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜɫɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɫɨɨɛ-ɳɟɧɢɣ. Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɫɨɞɟɪ-ɠɚɬɫɹ ɜ Ɋɟɤ.Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ X.735 ɢɥɢ ISO/IEC 10164-6.
5 ɀɭɪɧɚɥ (log) ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟ-ɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɠɭɪɧɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɭɩɪɚɜɥɟ-ɧɢɹ. Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɜ Ɋɟɤ. Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ X.735 ɢɥɢ ISO/IEC 10164-6.
6 Ɂɚɩɢɫɶ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ (objectCreationRe-cord)
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɠɭɪɧɚɥɶ-ɧɨɦ ɮɚɣɥɟ.ɗɬɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɜɟɞɨɦɥɟɧɢɹ/ɢɡɜɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴ-ɟɤɬɚ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɢ
«ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ». Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɜ Ɋɟɤ.Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ X.730 ɢɥɢ ISO/IEC 10164-1.
7 Ɂɚɩɢɫɶ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɛ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ (objectDeletionRe-cord)
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɠɭɪɧɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ɗɬɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟ-ɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɜɟɞɨɦɥɟɧɢɹ/ɢɡɜɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɭɞɚ-ɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɢ «ɍɞɚɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ». Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭ-ɬɵ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɜ Ɋɟɤ.
Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ X.730 ɢɥɢ ISO/IEC 10164-1.
8 ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ (system) ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ
ʋ ʋ ɩ/ɩ
ɇɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ
1 2 3
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ (ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ), ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɣ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɢ/ɢɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɭ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚ-ɰɢɢ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ ɭɱɺɬɚ. Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚ-ɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɜ Ɋɟɤ. Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ X.720 ɢɥɢ ISO/IEC 10165-1. əɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɜɵɫɲɢɦ ɤɥɚɫ-ɫɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ,ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɯ,ɩɨɞɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ.
ɉɨɞ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɟɬɟɜɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɩɨ ɨɛɳɢɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦ, ɭɫɥɭɝɚɦ, ɬɟɥɟ-ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɦ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɭ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟ-ɦɵɦ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɦ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ. ȼ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ, ɜɯɨ-ɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ «System» ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɟɧ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ȺɋɌɍɉ – ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ 2.4:
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2.4 – Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ «System» ɞɥɹ ȺɋɌɍɉ ʋ
ʋ ɩ/ɩ
ɂɦɹ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ
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1. Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɫɨ-ɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ
Ⱦɥɹ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɬɟɯɭɱɺɬɚ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɥɟ-ɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ: ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ (ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ) ɢɥɢ ɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ (ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ).
2. ɂɦɹ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ a (ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ
ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ)
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɫɟɬɟ-ɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɰɢ-ɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɡɥɟ – ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ.
3. ɉɪɨɩɭɫɤɧɚɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ/ɥɢɧɢɢ ɫɜɹɡɢ
ɇɨɪɦɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚ-ɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɯ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɯ (ɤɛɢɬ/ɫ,Ɇɛɢɬ/ɫ) 4. ɂɦɟɧɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ
Ɇɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ.
5. ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɭɡɥɚ ɫɜɹɡɢ
6. Ɋɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɜ ȺɋɌɍɉ : x ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ (ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧ).
x ɇɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ (ɧɟ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧ).
7. ɂɦɹ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ z (ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ)
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɫɟɬɟ-ɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɰɢ-ɨɧɧɨɦ ɭɡɥɟ – ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɟɥɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ.
ʋ ʋ ɩ/ɩ
ɂɦɹ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ
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8. Ɍɢɩ ɰɟɩɢ (ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ) Ⱦɜɭɯɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɚɹ ɰɟɩɶ ɢɥɢ
ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɚɹ ɰɟɩɶ.
9. ɂɦɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ, ɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɨɞɤɥɸ-ɱɟɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨ-ɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ.
ɍɫɥɨɜɧɨɟ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ.
10. ɂɦɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɬɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɫɫ-ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚ-ɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɭɡɥɟ.
11. ɂɦɟɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɨɜ, ɨɬɜɟɬ-ɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɚ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚ-ɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ
Ʉɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢ-ɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ.
12. ɂɦɟɧɚ ɡɚɤɚɡɱɢɤɨɜ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ
Ʉɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɜɲɢɦɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɡɚɤɚɡɱɢɤɨɜ.
13. ɂɦɟɧɚ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-ɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨ-ɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɨɛɴ-ɟɤɬɚɦɢ.
ɍɫɥɨɜɧɨɟ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ.
14. ɂɦɹ (ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ) ɫɟɬɢ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ.
ɍɫɥɨɜɧɨɟ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ.
15. ɂɦɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɳɢɤɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ.
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɜɲɢɦɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɳɢ-ɤɨɜ/ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɨɜ.
16. ɂɦɹ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ,ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɬɟɯ-ɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɺɬɚ.
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɱɧɹ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɪɭɟɦɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɷɥɟɤ-ɬɪɨɫɜɹɡɢ.
Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɭɱɺɬɚ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɬ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟɣ, ɩɪɢɺɦɨɦ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪ-ɦɚɰɢɸ ɩɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɫɟɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɤɥɚɫ-ɫɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢ-ɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ȺɋɌɍɉ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɥɚɫɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ «System». Ɉɱɟɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɚɬ-ɪɢɛɭɬɵ System ɧɚɞɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢ-ɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ȺɋɌɍɉ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɭɩɪɚɜ-ɥɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɬɶ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɸ ɫɟɬɟɜɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɞɚɥɟɟ ɨɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭ-ɪɚɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɤ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɟɬɟɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ TMN ɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ Ɏɨɪɭɦɚ ɩɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɹɦɢ (Telecommunication Management Forum, TeleManagement Forum).
2.2 ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ TMN
2.2.1 Ʉɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɜɹɡɶɸ TMN
Ɍɟɪɦɢɧ Telecommunication Management Network, TMN ɜɜɟɞɟɧ Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ ɫ 1992 ɝ. ɢ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ «ɋɟɬɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɜɹɡɶɸ», ɋɍɗɋ. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟ-ɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ TMN ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɜ Ɋɟɤ. Ɇɋɗ-Ɍ M.3010 [151]. ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɟɤ.
ɆɋɗɌ M.3010, TMN ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɶɸ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɚ ɫ ɫɟɬɶɸ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɜɹɡɢ. Ⱥɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɫɟɬɢ TMN ɨɛɟɫɩɟ-ɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɩɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ, ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚ-ɬɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ, ɤɨ-ɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɮɢɪɦɚɦɢɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ. Ɉɛɳɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɨɪ-ɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɟɬɢ TMN ɢɥɢ ɋɍɗɋ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 2.1.
Ⱥɛɨɧɟɧɬ Ⱥ Ⱥɛɨɧɟɧɬ Ȼ
ɋɟɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ
Ɋɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ
TMN Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ 1
Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ 2
Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ N
Ʉ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦ TMN
ɋɟɬɶ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɜɹɡɢ TMN
S D H
S D H ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ
ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɰɢɢ
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