Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
1.Ⱥɪɟɮɶɟɜ ɋ.ɋ., Ɋɨɝɨɠɢɧ ȿ.Ⱥ.,Ȼɵɤɨɜɚ ȼ.ȼ., Ⱦɨɪɛɚɬ Ʉ. Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɨɱɚɝɨɜɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ Ɋɚɱɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɬɨɦɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ //
Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ Ɂɟɦɥɢ. 2006. ʋ 1. ɋ. 30–44.
2.Ȼɟɥɨɭɫɨɜ ȼ.ȼ. Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɣ Ʉɚɜɤɚɡ ɤɚɤ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ // ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɝɟɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɢ Ʉɚɜɤɚɡɚ.Ɇ.: ɇɚɭɤɚ, 1982. ɋ. 9–13.
3.Ƚɨɪɛɚɬɢɤɨɜ Ⱥ.ȼ., Ɉɜɫɸɱɟɧɤɨ Ⱥ.ɇ., Ɋɨɝɨɠɢɧ ȿ.Ⱥ., ɋɬɟɩɚɧɨɜɚ Ɇ.ɘ., Ʌɚɪɢɧ ɇ.ȼ.ɋɟɣɫɦɨɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɡɨɧɵ ȼɥɚɞɢɤɚɜɤɚɡɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡ -ɥɨɦɚ // Ƚɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ. 2011. ʋ 12(1). ɋ. 47–59.
4.ɉɚɜɥɟɧɤɨɜɚ Ƚ.Ⱥ.ɋɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ Ʉɚɜɤɚɡɚ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹɦ ȽɋɁ ɋɬɟɩɧɨɟ -Ȼɚɤɭɪɢɚɧɢ ɢ ȼɨɥɝɨɝɪɚɞ-ɇɚɯɢɱɢɜɚɧɶ (ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɟɪɟɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ) // Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ Ɂɟɦɥɢ. 2012. ʋ 5. ɋ. 16–25.
5.ɒɟɦɩɟɥɟɜ Ⱥ.Ƚ.Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɵɯ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɜɞɨɥɶ Ƚɟɧɚɥ-ɞɨɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ // Ɉɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɝɟɧɧɵɟ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɧɚ ɝɨɪ-ɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɝɨɪɝɨɪ-ɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹɯ ɋɟɜɟɪɧɨɝɨ Ʉɚɜɤɚɡɚ.Ɍɪɭɞɵ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤ-ɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ.ȼɥɚɞɢɤɚɜɤɚɡ, 20-22 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ 2007 ɝ.ȼɥɚɞɢɤɚɜɤɚɡ, 2008. ɋ. 457–463.
6.ɒɨɥɩɨ ȼ.ɇ.,Ɋɨɝɨɠɢɧ ȿ.Ⱥ., Ƚɨɧɱɚɪɨɜ Ɇ.Ⱥ. ɋɤɥɚɞɱɚɬɨɫɬɶ Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ Ʉɚɜɤɚɡɚ.
Ɇ.:ɇɚɭɤɚ, 1993. 192 ɫ.
7.Koulakov I., Zabelina I., Amanatashvili I., Meskhia V. Nature of orogenesis and volcanism in the Caucasus region based on results of regional tomography // Solid Earth.
2012.ʋ 3. Ɋ. 327–337.
Ɇ.ȼ. Ɋɨɞɤɢɧ
1,2, Ⱥ.Ɋ. ɒɚɬɚɯɰɹɧ
3, Ɇ.ɘ. Ⱥɧɞɪɟɟɜɚ
2, Ɍ.Ⱥ. Ɋɭɤɚɜɢɲɧɢɤɨɜɚ
1ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɦɚɫɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɞɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɛɨɱɧɵɣ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɬɟɤɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ (ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ
ɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɧɬɪɨɩɨɝɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ.ȼ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɧɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ. ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɸɬɫɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɪɚɫ-ɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɪɚ-ɛɨɬɟ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɨ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɦ ɢ ɫɭɩɟɪɤɪɭɩɧɵɦ ɪɭɞɧɵɦ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɦ. Ɋɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɣ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɸ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɛɚɡ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨ ɪɭɞɧɵɦ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɦ, ɬɚɤɢɯ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɤɚɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟ-ɦɚɹ ɧɚɦɢ Ƚɂɋ «Ʉɪɭɩɧɵɟ ɢ ɫɭɩɟɪɤɪɭɩɧɵɟ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɦɢɪɚ» (Ƚɂɋ ɄɋɄɆ), [3]. Ɋɭɞɧɵɟ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɴɟɤ-ɬɚɦɢ,ɢ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɯ ɨɫɬɪɨ ɜɫɬɚɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɫɯɟɦ ɤɥɚɫɬɟɪɢɡɚ-ɰɢɢ ɢ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɤɥɚɫɬɟɪɢɡɚ-ɰɢɢ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ [2]. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɹɬɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɚ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɪɭɞɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɧɚɛɨɪɭ ɪɭɞɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ (ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɪɵ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ Ɍɚ-ɧɢɦɨɬɨ) ɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨ-ɫɬɢ.ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɥɚɫɬɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ (ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ)ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ.
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ȻȾ ɄɋɄɆ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɞɢɥɢ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ [4], ɱɬɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɡɚɩɚɫɨɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ,ɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ – ɥɨɝɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ.ȼɵɹɜɢɥɢɫɶ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɜɚɠɧɵɟ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ. Ⱥ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ, ɨɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɪɹɞɚ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɵɪɶɹ (ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ) ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɝɢɛ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟ-ɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɧɢɡ, ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ ɬɨɦɭ, ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ. ȼɵɹɫɧɢɥɨɫɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ, ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɦɢɧɟ -ɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɵɪɶɹ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɚɛɚɹ (ɧɨ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɚɹ) ɩɨɥɨ-ɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ ɡɚɩɚɫɨɜ ɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ ɤɨɧ-ɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɵɪɶɹ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ. ɉɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ.
ɉɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɤɥɚɫɬɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨ-ɜɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɪ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨ-ɫɬɢ.ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɟɪɚ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ Ɍɚɧɢɦɨɬɨ-Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫɚ,Ɍ [1 ɢ ɞɪ.] ɹɜ-ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɢ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɨɛɳɢɦ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɦ,ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ, ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɧɚɛɨɪɨɦ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ (ɜ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɧɚɛɨɪɨɦ ɞɨɛɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ).Ɇɟɪɚ Ɍ ɡɚɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦT (A,B) = (A ŀ B) / ( A U B), ɝɞɟ (A ŀ B) – ɱɢɫɥɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ Ⱥ ɢ ȼ (ɜ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɱɢɫɥɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɫɨɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɭɞ Ⱥ ɢ ȼ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟ-ɧɢɢ); (A U B) – ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ Ⱥ ɢ ȼ (ɜ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɫɭɦɦɚ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɦɟ-ɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɬɢɩɨɜ Ⱥ ɢ ȼ,ɛɟɡ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɨɜ).ȿɫɥɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ Ⱥ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɫɨ-ɩɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɭ ȼ (ɟɫɥɢ ɷɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɦɟ-ɫɬɟ)ɬɨT(A,ȼ) =1. ȿɫɥɢ ɠɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ Ⱥ ɢ ȼ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɧɟ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ,ɬɨ ɢɦɟɟɦɌ(A,B) = 0.
ȼɬɨɪɨɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɧɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶ-ɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ. ɉɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɚɜɧɨ ɢ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɤɟ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ, ɬɚɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɩɨ-ɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɹɜɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɤ ɤɜɚɡɢɥɢɧɟɣ-ɧɵɦ,ɞɜɭɦɟɪɧɵɦ ɢɥɢ ɨɛɴɟɦɧɵɦ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɦ.ɉɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧ-ɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɩɚɪN(r)ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ (ɡɞɟɫɶ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨ-ɠɞɟɧɢɣ) ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟr ɤɦ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ,ɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɤɥɨɧȕ ɩɪɹɦɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɜ ɞɜɨɣɧɵɯ ɥɨ-ɝɚɪɢɮɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɚɯ (ɟɫɥɢ ɬɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ)N(r) ~ rȕ.ȿɫɥɢ ɨɛɴ-ɟɤɬɵ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɪɚɡɥɨɦɚ), ɬɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ȕ ɛɥɢɡɨɤ ɤ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟ; ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ,ɬɨ ȕ ɛɥɢɡɤɨ ɤ ɞɜɭɦ.Ⱦɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚlg(N(r))ɨɬlg(r);ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ-ɧɨɫɬɢ, ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚɦ. Ɏɨɪɦɭɥɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢDɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬ ɟɫɬɟɫɬ-ɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɣ ɞɜɭɯ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ.ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɚɪɚɦɢ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɨɞ-ɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɬɨɝɨ ɠɟ,ɚ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ,ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,ɦɟɠɞɭ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɦɢ Au ɢ Ag. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠ -ɞɟɧɢɣ ɷɬɢɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ.ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ-ɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɦɟɪɵ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ.
Ɉɱɟɜɢɞɧɨ,ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɯ ɦɟɪɵ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢɌɢ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ-ɧɨɫɬɢ D ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨ-ɞɵ,ɧɨ ɢ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɧɚɛɨɪɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ.ȼ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɷɬɨ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ ɪɭɞɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ. ȼɨ ɜɬɨ-ɪɨɦ – ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ.Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ,ɷɬɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɯɚ-ɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɞɧɭ ɢ ɬɭ ɠɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ – ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɧɶɲɭɸ ɫɬɟ -ɩɟɧɶ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɞɪɭɝ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɭ.
Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ,ɟɫɥɢ ɞɜɚ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ,ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ Au ɢ Ag, ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ
ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɞɧɢɯ ɢ ɬɟɯ ɠɟ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ, ɬɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ Au ɢ Ag ɞɪɭɝ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɭ. Ⱥɧɚ-ɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ, ɟɫɥɢ ɷɬɢ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɸ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ.
ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ D ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɤɚ-ɡɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɵɲɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɦɟɳɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ (ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞ-ɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ,ɪɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɭɦ). Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɱɟ-ɬɵ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɞɢɥɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɦɟɳɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ (ɟɫɬɟɫɬ-ɜɟɧɧɨ,ɜ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɦ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɨɜ).Ɍɚɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ «ɨɬɬɚɥɤɢɜɚɧɢɹ»ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɞɜɭɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ.Ɍɚɤ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤ-ɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɩɚɪ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɨɛɴɟɤ-ɬɨɜ ɞɜɭɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɦɨ-ɠɟɬ ɪɚɫɬɢ (ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɨɜ) ɫ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɢɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹrɛɵɫɬɪɟɟ,ɱɟɦ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɤɪɭɝɚ ʌr2.
Ɉɬɫɸɞɚ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢD>2ɛɭɞɭɬ ɧɚɛɥɸ-ɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɝɞɚ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɞɥɹ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɨ-ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ, ɢ ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɛɵ ɢɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɟ «ɨɬɬɚɥɤɢɜɚɧɢɟ».Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɚ-ɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɢ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ-ɧɨɫɬɢ D ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɬɹɠɟ-ɧɢɸ ɞɜɭɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ.ɂ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ,ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ-ɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ (Au ɢ Ag, Pb ɢ Zn, Cu ɢ Ni,ɢ ɞɪ.)ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ,ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ D(Au,Ag), ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɦɚɥɵɦɢ. ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɞ-ɤɪɟɩɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɫɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɟɣ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɪɵ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ Ɍɚɧɢɦɨɬɨ ɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢD.
ɂɬɚɤ, ɧɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɥɨɝɧɨɪɦɚɥɶ-ɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɡɚɩɚ-ɫɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɪɭɞ ɜ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɭɩɟɪɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ ɦɢɪɚ.Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɵɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɦɟɪ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ Ɍɚɧɢɦɨɬɨ ɢ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɮɪɚɤɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ; ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɯɨ-ɪɨɲɚɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɬɢɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ.
ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɚɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɪ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɤɥɚɫɬɟ-ɪɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɜɢɞɵ ɫɵɪɶɹ ɚɧɨɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɝɪɭɩɩɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ,ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɟ ɨɛɨɝɚɳɟɧɢɸ ɥɢɛɨ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ,ɥɢɛɨ ɜ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɤɨɪɟ.
Ȼɵɥɚ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɨ ɬɟɫɧɚɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɯ
ɜɟ-ɥɢɱɢɧ ɡɚɩɚɫɨɜ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹɦɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɢ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɟ.Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɹ ɨɤɚɡɚɥɚɫɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ ɨɠɢɞɚɟɦɨɣ,ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɧ-ɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɟ.
ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɜɵɲɟɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ, ɱɬɨ ɪɭɞɧɵɟ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɤɢɟ ɩɨɛɨɱɧɵɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɵ ɦɚɫɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɨɫɮɟɪɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɚɡɧɵ-ɦɢ ɟɟ ɝɟɨɯɢɪɚɡɧɵ-ɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɪɚɡɧɵ-ɦɢ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚɪɚɡɧɵ-ɦɢ. Ƚɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɧɨɜɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɣ ɮɚɤɬ ɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɦɟ-ɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɤ ɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɝɟɨɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɦ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɱɟ-ɜɢɞɧɵɦ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɟɝɷɧɬɪɨɩɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɭɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬ-ɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ.
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
1.Ɇɚɧɞɟɥɶ ɂ.Ⱦ.Ʉɥɚɫɬɟɪɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ.Ɇ.:Ɏɢɧɚɧɫɵ ɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɚ, 1988. 176 ɫ. 2.Ɋɭɧɞɤɜɢɫɬ Ⱦ.ȼ., Ɍɤɚɱɟɜ Ⱥ.ȼ., ɑɟɪɤɚɫɨɜ ɋ.ȼ., ɢ ɞɪ. Ʉɪɭɩɧɵɟ ɢ ɫɭɩɟɪɤɪɭɩɧɵɟ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɭɞɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɯ ɢɫɤɨɩɚɟɦɵɯ.ȼ 3 ɬɨɦɚɯ.ɂȽȿɆ ɊȺɇ, 2006.
3. Largest Mineral Deposits of the World, CD-ROM, Commission on Geological Map of the World, 2006.
4.Tutcotte D.L. Fractals and chaos in geology and geophysics. (2nd ed.) Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997. 398 p.
Ⱥ.Ƚ. Ɋɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ, Ʌ.ɉ. Ɂɚɛɚɪɢɧɫɤɚɹ, ɇ.Ⱥ. ɋɟɪɝɟɟɜɚ, Ɇ.ȼ. ɇɢɫɢɥɟɜɢɱ
1Ƚɟɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɤɪɚɢɧ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ȿɜɪɚɡɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬ – Ɍɢɯɢɣ ɨɤɟɚɧ
ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ ɝɟɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɤɪɚɢɧ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɨɬ ȿɜɪɚɡɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚ ɤ Ɍɢɯɨɦɭ ɨɤɟɚɧɭ (ɪɟɝɢɨɧɵ Ɉɯɨɬɫɤɨɝɨ, əɩɨɧɫɤɨɝɨ, Ɏɢɥɢɩɩɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɘɠɧɨ-Ʉɢɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɟɣ) [1]. Ʉɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɷɬɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɯɚ-ɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɜɭɥɤɚɧɢɡɦɨɦ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ
ɩɪɢ-1Ƚɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ,Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɹ ɧɚɭɤ,Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ,Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ
ɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɤɚɬɚɤɥɢɡɦɚɦɢ, ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ (ɪɢɫ. 1).
Ɂɟɦɧɚɹ ɤɨɪɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɪɚɡɛɢɬɚ ɧɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɥɢɬɵ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹ-ɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɪɭɝɚ. ɉɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ GPS ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚ ɞɥɹ Ɍɢɯɨɨɤɟɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ,ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɟɜɟɪɨ-ɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɤɨɪɨ-ɫɬɶɸ 72,6 ɦɦ/ɝɨɞ. ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɬɵɤɟ ɫ
Ɏɢ-Ɋɢɫ. 1.Ɋɟɝɢɨɧ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ – ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɚɹ ɡɨɧɚ ɨɬ ȿɜɪɚɡɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚ ɤ Ɍɢɯɨɦɭ ɨɤɟɚɧɭ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹɦɢ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɨ-ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɨɜ.
Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹ-ɫɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɵ ɫ 1973 ɩɨ 2010 ɝɝ.ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ NEIC ɫ Ɇ >= 3.5
Ɋɢɫ. 2.ɋɯɟɦɚ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɢɬ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɟ ɨɬ ȿɜɪɚɡɢɢ ɤ Ɍɢɯɨɦɭ ɨɤɟɚ-ɧɭ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɧɚɡɟɦɧɵɯ GPS ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ ɡɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ 2002–
2012 ɝɝ.,ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ Ʉɚɥɢɮɨɪɧɢɣ-ɫɤɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɄɚɥɢɮɨɪɧɢɣ-ɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ [3]. ɋɬɪɟɥɤɚɦɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
(ɦɦ/ɝɨɞ)ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ
ɥɢɩɩɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɨɣ ɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɟ Ɇɚɪɢɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɠɟɥɨɛɚ ɞɨ 22 ɫɦ/ɝɨɞ. ȿɜɪɚ-ɡɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɩɥɢɬɚ ɞɜɢɠɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɜɫɬɪɟɱɭ Ɍɢɯɨɨɤɟɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɜ ɸɝɨ-ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɦ ɧɚ-ɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ 30,2 ɦɦ/ ɜ ɝɨɞ. ɂɧɞɨ-Ⱥɜɫɬɪɚɥɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɩɥɢɬɚ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɞɜɢɠɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ-ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟ-ɧɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ 64,3 ɦɦ/ɝɨɞ (ɪɢɫ. 2).
Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ Ɉɯɨɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ [1]. Ⱥɫɬɟɧɨɫɮɟɪɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬ ɞɢɚɩɢɪɨɜɵɟ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɵ ɩɨɞ Ʉɭɪɢɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɬɥɨɜɢɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɢɛɨɦ Ɍɚɬɚɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɥɢɜɚ, ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɪɢɮɬɵ – ɫɩɪɟɞɢɧɝɨɜɵɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɵ. Ⱦɟɝɚɡɚɰɢɹ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɦɚɧɬɢɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɚɩɜɟɥɥɢɧ-ɝɨɦ ɚɫɬɟɧɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɚɩɢɪɚ ɤ ɩɨɞɨɲɜɟ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɥɨ ɤ ɪɚɫɤɨɥɚɦ ɥɢɬɨɫɮɟɪɵ ɢ ɢɡɥɢɹɧɢɹɦ ɦɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɨɜ. ȼ Ɍɚɬɚɪ-ɫɤɨɦ ɩɪɨɥɢɜɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɬɪɢ ɷɬɚɩɚ ɦɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ: ɷɨɰɟɧ-ɨɥɢɝɨɰɟɧɨɜɵɣ (55–24 ɦɥɧ ɥɟɬ); ɧɢɠɧɟ-ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦɢɨɰɟɧɨɜɵɣ (23–15 ɦɥɧ ɥɟɬ) ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦɢɨɰɟɧɨɜɨ-ɩɥɢɨɰɟɧɨɜɵɣ. ȼ Ʉɭɪɢɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɬɥɨɜɢɧɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɬɪɢ ɷɬɚɩɚ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɬɨɜ: ɪɚɧɧɟ-ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦɢɨɰɟɧɨɜɵɣ (14–11 ɦɥɧ ɥɟɬ), ɫɪɟɞɧɟ-ɩɨɡɞɧɟɦɢɨɰɟɧɨɜɵɣ (9–7 ɦɥɧ ɥɟɬ) ɢ ɩɥɢɨɰɟɧɨ-ɜɵɣ (1.07 ɢ 0.84 ɦɥɧ ɥɟɬ) [2].
ɇɨɜɚɹ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɡɨɧɚ ɜ əɩɨɧɫɤɨɦ ɦɨɪɟ[1]. ȼ əɩɨɧɫɤɨɦ ɦɨ-ɪɟ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɦɚɧɬɢɢ ɚɫɬɟɧɨɫɮɟɪɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ 40 ɤɦ. Ɂɟɦɥɟ-ɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ,ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɹ əɩɨɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ ɭ ɩɨɞ-ɧɨɠɶɹ ɨ ɏɨɧɫɸ,ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ,ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ,ɱɬɨ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɧɚɦɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɨ-ɜɵɟ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɥɢɬɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɯ ɩɥɢɬ. ɋɭɛɞɭɤ-ɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɩɪɢɜɟɥɢ ɤ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɵ əɩɨɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ ɭɡɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɝɢɛɚ, ɝɞɟ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɥɢɨɰɟɧ-ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɫɚɞɤɨɜ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ 2–3 ɤɦ. Ɂɚ 1.8 ɦɥɧ ɥɟɬ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɩɥɢɬɵ əɩɨɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ ɩɨɞ əɩɨɧɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɚ ɫɜɵɲɟ 50 ɤɦ.ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɝɪɭɠɟ-ɧɢɹ ɩɥɢɬɵ əɩɨɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ GPS ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɜ 2 ɫɦ/ɝɨɞ. Ɍɨ-ɦɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯ ɥɟɬ [4] ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɞ ɫɟ-ɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɨ. ɏɨɧɫɸ ɨɬɱɟɬɥɢɜɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɟ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɮɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɨɧɵ:ɨɞɧɚ ɧɚ ɜɨɫɬɨɤɟ,ɝɞɟ ɬɢɯɨɨɤɟɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɩɥɢɬɚ ɫɭɛɞɭɰɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɨɞ əɩɨɧ-ɫɤɭɸ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɧɭɸ ɞɭɝɭ,ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɥɨ 11 ɦɚɪɬɚ 2011 ɝ.ɤ ɤɚɬɚɫɬɪɨɮɢɱɟɫɤɨ-ɦɭ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɸ,ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɚɞɟ,ɝɞɟ ɩɥɢɬɚ əɩɨɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɫɭɛɞɭɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɞ ɨ.ɏɨɧɫɸ.
Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ Ɏɢɥɢɩɩɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ [1]. Ɋɟɝɢɨɧ Ɏɢɥɢɩɩɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬ ɥɢɬɨɫɮɟɪɧɭɸ ɩɥɢɬɭ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɦɟɠɞɭ ȿɜɪɚɡɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɢ Ɍɢɯɨɨɤɟɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɚɦɢ.ɋ ɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɢ ɜɨɫɬɨɤɚ ɩɥɢ-ɬɚ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɡɨɧɚɦɢ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ʉɢɬɚɹ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɬ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɜ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɟ ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ ɞɨ 30 ɤɦ ɢ ɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɵ ɤ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ, ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɫɥɨɹ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ. Ⱦɚ-ɥɟɟ ɜ ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɚ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢ-ɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɧɵɯ ɞɭɝ Ɋɸɤɸ ɢ Ɇɚɪɢɚɧɫɤɨɣ.ȼ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ Ɇɚɪɢ-ɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɬɪɨɝɚ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɥɚɛɵɟ ɦɟɥɤɢɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟ -ɧɢɹ. Ⱥɫɬɟɧɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɣ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɟɬ ɩɨɞ ɬɪɨɝɨɦ ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ 10 ɤɦ, ɩɨɞ ɦɢɨɰɟɧɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɬɥɨɜɢɧɨɣ ɉɚɪɟɫɟ-ȼɟɥɚ – 30 ɤɦ,ɚ ɩɨɞ ɷɨɰɟɧɨɜɨɣ
Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨ-Ɏɢɥɢɩɩɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɬɥɨɜɢɧɨɣ – 50–80 ɤɦ. ɉɨɞ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ-Ʉɢɬɚɣɫɤɨɣ ɪɚɜɧɢ-ɧɨɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɚɫɬɟɧɨɫɮɟɪɵ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ 50–70 ɤɦ.
Ɇɚɪɢɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɬɪɨɝ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɦɟɠɞɭɝɨɜɨɣ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧ-ɧɵɣ 6 ɦɥɧ ɥɟɬ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɫɩɪɟɞɢɧɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ.
Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɘɠɧɨ-Ʉɢɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ [1]. Ɏɨɪ-ɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɟɣ ɂɧɞɨ-Ⱥɜɫɬɪɚɥɢɣɫɤɨɣ, ȿɜɪɚɡɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɢ Ɍɢɯɨɨɤɟɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɢɬ, ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɜɲɟɣ ɜ ɤɚɣɧɨɡɨɣɫɤɭɸ ɷɪɭ, ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɢɜɟɥɢ ɤ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɢɡ-ɦɭ ɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɋɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɱɬɢ 60 ɬɵɫɹɱ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟ-ɧɢɣ,ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɫ 1904 ɩɨ 2010 ɝɝ.ɦɢɪɨɜɨɣ ɫɟɣɫɦɨ-ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɟɬɶɸ, ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɭ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ.
ɉɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɦɟɥɤɨɮɨɤɭɫɧɵɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɞɨ 100 ɤɦ.
Ƚɥɭɛɨɤɨɮɨɤɭɫɧɵɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨɬɨɱɟɧɵ ɜ ɂɧɞɨɧɟɡɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɢ Ɏɢɥɢɩɩɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɡɨɧɚɯ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɢ. Ɂɨɧɚ Ȼɟɧɶɨɮɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɞ ɦɨɪɹɦɢ Ȼɚɧɞɚ ɢ ɋɭɥɚɜɟɫɢ, ɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ,ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ,ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢ-ɧɭ ɞɨ 400 ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ 600 ɤɦ.Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɪɵ ɜɚɪɶɢɪɭɟɬ ɨɬ 40 ɤɦ ɩɨɞ Ⱥɜɫɬ-ɪɚɥɢɟɣ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɨɫɬɪɨɜɨɦ ɂɧɞɨɤɢɬɚɣ ɞɨ 25–30 ɤɦ ɩɨɞ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɞɭɝɚɦɢ ɢ 10–15 ɤɦ ɩɨɞ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɨɪɹɦɢ.
ȼɵɜɨɞɵ.ȼ ɤɚɣɧɨɡɨɣɫɤɭɸ ɷɪɭ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɨɬ ȿɜɪɚ-ɡɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚ ɤ Ɍɢɯɨɦɭ ɨɤɟɚɧɭ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɥɢ ɝɟɨɞɢɧɚ -ɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ,ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɧɵɯ ɦɨ-ɪɟɣ, ɡɚɞɭɝɨɜɵɯ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɨɜ, ɪɢɮɬɨɜ, ɫɞɜɢɝɨɜ, ɝɪɚɛɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɝɨɪɫɬɨɜ, ɨɛɭ-ɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ,ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɤɨɥɥɢ-ɡɢɟɣ ɥɢɬɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɯ ɩɥɢɬ, ɚɤɬɢɜɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ. ɗɬɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɥɢɫɶ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɢɡɜɟɪɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɨɜ, ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɱɟ-ɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɤɚɦɢ, ɜɵɡɵɜɚɜɲɢɦɢ ɞɟɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ. Ɉɬɥɢɱɢ-ɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɨɬ ȿɜɪɚ-ɡɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚ ɤ Ɍɢɯɨɦɭ ɨɤɟɚɧɭ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɜɟɪɯ-ɧɟɣ ɦɚɧɬɢɢ ɚɫɬɟɧɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ, ɨɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɨɬɯɨɞɹɬ ɞɢɚɩɢɪɵ ɚɧɨ -ɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɧɬɢɢ, ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɢ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɢɥɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ, ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ.
ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɝɟɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ: (1) ɢɡɭɱɢɬɶ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɞɪ Ɂɟɦɥɢ ɩɨɞ ɫɟɣɫɦɨ-ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɡɨɧɚɦɢ; (2) ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɨɥɶ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ, ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɦɚɧɬɢɢ, ɜ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ; (3) ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɜ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɣɫ-ɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɢɫɤɚ.
ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɝɟɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɢɨ-ɧɨɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɤɥɚɞɨɦ ɜ ɨɛɳɭɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ
ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɝɟɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨ-ɜɚɧɢɣ,ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɪɢɫɤɨɜ ɜ ɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɡɨ-ɧɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɚɬɚɫɬɪɨɮɵ.
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟ ɊɎɎɂ. Ƚɪɚɧɬ ʋ 12-05-00029-ɚ
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
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2.Ɏɢɥɚɬɨɜɚ ɇ.ɂ.,Ɋɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ Ⱥ.Ƚ.Ɉɯɨɬɨɦɨɪɫɤɢɣ ɝɟɨɬɪɚɜɟɪɫ: ɬɟɤɬɨɧɨɦɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟ-ɫɤɚɹ ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɹ ɤɚɣɧɨɡɨɣɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɢɯ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ // Ⱦɨɤɥ.ɊȺɇ. 2006. Ɍ. 411. ʋ 3. ɋ. 360–365.
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