ȼ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ Ȼɚɥɬɢɢ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɚɦ
ɠɢɥɶɹ ɢɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɢɡ ɬɨɝɨ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ
ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɧɚ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɦɨɧɬ
ɦɧɨɝɨɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɧɵɯ ɞɨɦɨɜ. Ȼɸɞɠɟɬɧɵɟ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɦ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɧɚ
ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɦɨɧɬ ɩɨɨɳɪɹɸɬ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɬɢɜɵ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ,
ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ. Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɛɟɡɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɧɵɯ
ɞɨɬɚɰɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɧɚ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɦɨɧɬ ɢɥɢ ɜ
ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨɧɟɫɥɢ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɢ ɠɢɥɵɯ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɣ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɥɚɬɵ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɥɶɝɨɬɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɫɬɚɜɤɢ.
1. Ⱦɨɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ
ȼ ɗɫɬɨɧɢɢ, Ʌɢɬɜɟ ɢ ɉɨɥɶɲɟ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɧɚ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ:
10 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɗɫɬɨɧɢɢ, 18−20 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɉɨɥɶɲɟ ɢ 15−20 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜ Ʌɢɬɜɟ. ȼ ɗɫɬɨɧɢɢ ɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɤɥɚɫɫ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ, ɚ ɜ ɉɨɥɶɲɟ ɢ Ʌɢɬɜɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɷɤɨɧɨɦɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ.
ȼɫɬɚɜɤɚ 26 – ɋɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɧɚ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɧɵɯ ɞɨɦɨɜ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɫɛɟɪɟɠɟɧɢɹ
ɗɫɬɨɧɢɹ Ɉɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ (ɚɧɚɥɨɝ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɬɨɜɚɪɢ-ɳɟɫɬɜ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɶɹ) ɩɨɞɚɸɬ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɭɠɟ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɦɨɧɬ ɢɥɢ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬ-ɪɭɤɰɢɸ. Ɍɚɤɭɸ ɠɟ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɸ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɡɚ ɪɟɦɨɧɬ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɜɚɠɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɤɚɤ ɨɩɨɪɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɬɟɧɵ, ɩɨɤɪɵɜɚɹ 10 ɩɪɨ-ɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɦɟɬɵ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɷɬɨ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɭɦɦɨɣ ɡɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɧɵɣ ɦɟɬɪ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ. Ɏɨɧɞɵ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟ-ɧɵ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɫɨɛɫɬ-ɜɟɧɧɢɤɢ ɠɢɥɶɹ, ɩɨɞɚɜɚɹ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɨɛɹɡɚɧɵ ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɷɬɨ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɢ ɜ ɫɨ-ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ.
ȼɟɧɝɪɢɹ Ɏɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɚɹ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɦ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɢ ɠɢ-ɥɢɳɧɵɦ ɤɨɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɚɦ ɢɡ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɨɜ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɵɟ ɤɨɧ-ɤɭɪɫɵ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɬɚɰɢɣ. Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɨɛɴɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫ, ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɢɬɟɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɨɜ, ɧɚ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨ-ɪɵɯ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ, ɪɟɦɨɧɬ ɤɪɨɜɥɢ, ɡɚɦɟɧɚ ɥɢɮɬɨɜ ɢ ɬɟɩɥɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɹ ɮɚɫɚɞɨɜ). Ɉɛɴɟ-ɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɟ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɶ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɡ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɩɨɷɬɚɩɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ. ȼ ɝɨɞɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨ-ɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɨɜ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɣ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ Ȼɭɞɚɩɟɲɬɚ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 60 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɜɵɛɨɪ ɩɨɞɪɹɞ-ɱɢɤɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɧɞɟɪɭ ɤɚɤ ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦ ɢɡ ɬɪɟɯ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ. ɋɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢɞɭɬ ɧɚ ɨɩɥɚɬɭ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɫɱɟɬɚ ɨɬ ɩɨɞɪɹɞɱɢɤɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬ.
Ʌɢɬɜɚ Ɉɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɶ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɜ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɟ ɞɨ 30 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧ-ɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ, ɩɪɢɧɹɬɭɸ ɜ 2004 ɝɨɞɭ. ɗɬɢɦ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɨɳɪɢɬɶ ɫɨɛɫɬ-ɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ, ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɢ ɠɢɥɢɳɚ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɫɛɟɪɟɝɚɸɳɢɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ
"Ɉɬ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɨɦɚ – ɤ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ", ɩɪɢɧɹɬɚɹ ɋɨɜɟɬɨɦ ɝɨɪɨ-ɞɚ ȼɢɥɶɧɸɫɚ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɨɬɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɫɭɛ-ɫɢɞɢɟɣ ɜ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɟ 15 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɨɩɥɚɬɢɬɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 10 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɬɨɢ-ɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɢɡ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ, ɚ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɝɭ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚ-ɢɦɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɵ ɭ ɛɚɧɤɚ ɩɨɞ ɩɨɪɭɱɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɝɟɧɬɫɬɜɚ.
ɉɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɤ 2020 ɝɨɞɭ 70 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɬɚɪɵɯ ɞɨɦɨɜ ɜ Ʌɢɬɜɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɪɟ-ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɸ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
ɋɥɨɜɚɤɢɹ ɋɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɮɟɤ-ɬɨɜ ɜ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɧɵɯ ɞɨɦɚɯ, ɜɨɡɧɢɤɲɢɯ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ ɩɪɨ-ɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ, ɟɫɥɢ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɞɟɮɟɤ-ɬɵ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɵ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɜ 20 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɚɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ. Ɇɚɤ-ɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ (ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɚ) ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɞɨ 50 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɧɚ ɥɢɤɜɢɞɚɰɢɸ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɪɟɦɨɧɬ, ɯɨɬɹ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɭɫɬɚ-ɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɚɠɞɨɟ ɠɢɥɨɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ. Ɂɚɹɜ-ɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɢɬɟɬ, ɠɢɥɢɳɧɨ-ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜ, ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸ-ɳɢɣ ɡɞɚɧɢɟɦ. ɋɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ, ɟɫɥɢ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬ ɩɪɢɞɟɬ ɤ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢ ɱɬɨ ɨɧ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɞɟɮɟɤɬ.
ɋɥɨɜɚɤɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɹɥɚ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜɜɟɥɚ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɷɧɟɪ-ɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɢɡɚɰɢɸ. ɉɪɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɨɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɫɛɟɪɟɠɟɧɢɟ. ȿɫɥɢ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɚɹ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɹ ɩɪɟ-ɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɦɚ, ɬɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟ-ɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɨɧ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɬɶ ɜɫɟɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɡɚɜɟɪɲɟ-ɧɢɹɦ ɤ ɷɧɟɪɝɨ-ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ.
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ:ȿȻɊɊ ɢ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɚɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɚɹ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɹ (ɆɎɄ), 2011 ɝɨɞ
2. ɋɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ
ɉɪɢɧɹɬɵ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɣ ɧɚ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ.
ȼɫɬɚɜɤɚ 27 – ɋɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɧɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɢɡɭ ɢ
ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ
ɗɫɬɨɧɢɹ Ɉɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɣ. Ɉɧɢ ɩɪɢɡɜɚɧɵ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢ-ɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɢɡɭ ɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨ-ɤɪɵɜɚɸɬ 50 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ (ɯɨɬɹ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɭɦɦɟ ɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɚɠɞɨɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɟ).
Ʌɚɬɜɢɹ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɀɢɥɢɳɧɨɟ ɚɝɟɧɬɫɬɜɨ Ʌɚɬɜɢɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɚɦ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɦɧɨɝɨ-ɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɧɵɯ ɞɨɦɨɜ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟ-ɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɢ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚ-ɰɢɸ ɨ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɦ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɧɨɦ ɞɨɦɟ ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɞɨɦɚɯ (ɫ ɩɪɢɫɜɨɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬ-ɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ). ȼ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɫ-ɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ. Ɉɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɛ-ɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɜ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ, ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɨ 1992 ɝɨɞɚ, ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɩɨ-ɦɨɳɶ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɟɫɥɢ 75 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɨɛ-ɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɜɵɫɤɚɠɭɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ.
ȼ 2004−2005 ɝɨɞɚɯ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ 208 ɡɞɚ-ɧɢɹɯ ɜ 18 ɝɨɪɨɞɚɯ Ʌɚɬɜɢɢ.
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ:ȿȻɊɊ ɢ ɆɎɄ, 2011 ɝɨɞ
3. ɉɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɦɚɥɨɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɦ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚɦ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ
ɉɨɦɨɳɶ ɦɚɥɨɢɦɭɳɢɦ ɞɨɦɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɥɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɢ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɝɪɚɟɬ ɜɚɠɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɧɵɯ ɞɨɦɨɜ. Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɨɜ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɛɚɧɤɨɜ.
ȼɫɬɚɜɤɚ 28 – ɉɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɦɚɥɨɢɦɭɳɢɦ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɚɦ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ
ȼɟɧɝɪɢɹ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɜɵɩɥɚɱɢ-ɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɥɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɠɢɥɶɹ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɨɫɥɟ 1 ɢɸɧɹ 2014 ɝɨɞɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɨɦɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɶ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɡɚɞɨɥɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɷɬɢɦ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɚɦ.
Ʌɢɬɜɚ Ɇɚɥɨɢɦɭɳɢɦ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɦ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚɦ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɥɶɝɨɬɧɵɯ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɨɜ; ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɪɭɟɬ ɝɨɞɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɞɨ 6 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɵ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɞɨ 10 ɥɟɬ).
ɋɥɨɜɚɤɢɹ ɉɨɫɥɟ 2000 ɝɨɞɚ ɦɚɥɨɢɦɭɳɢɟ ɞɨɦɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɚɪɟɧɞɧɭɸ ɩɥɚɬɭ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ, ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɢɯ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɦɚ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɫɟɦɶɸ. Ƚɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɬɚ, ɱɬɨ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧ ɞɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨ ɨɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɥ ɚɪɟɧɞɧɭɸ ɩɥɚɬɭ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ. ȿɫɥɢ ɞɨɥɹ ɚɪɟɧɞɧɨɣ ɩɥɚɬɵ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ 30 ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɞɨɯɨɞɚ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɝɨ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚ, ɬɨ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɞɨɦɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ. Ɉɧɨ ɜɵɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɚɦ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɦɟɫɹɰɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ, ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɩɥɚɬɭ ɚɪɟɧɞɵ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɣ ɦɟɫɹɰ88. ȼɵɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɟɡɜɨɡ-ɜɪɚɬɧɵɟ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɵ ɢɥɢ ɞɨɦɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɞɨɯɨɞɚ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɝɨ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚ.
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ:ȿȻɊɊ ɢ ɆɎɄ, 2011 ɝɨɞ