与論方言の文法

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与論方言の文法

著者町博光

雑誌名与論方言・沖永良部方言調査報告書 : 消滅危機方言の調査・保存のための総合的研究

ページ 63‑74

発行年 2016‑03‑20

URL http://doi.org/10.15084/00002476

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୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡢᩥἲ

⏫ ༤ග

^㸨

㸯 ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

⌰⌫᪉ゝࡣ዆⨾ㅖᓥ᪉ゝ࡜Ἀ⦖ᮏᓥ࣭ஂ⡿ᓥࢆྵࢇࡔ໭⌰⌫᪉ゝ࡜ᐑྂ᪉ゝ࣭ඵ㔜ᒣ᪉ゝ࣭୚

㑣ᅜ᪉ゝ࡜࡟ศࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟໭⌰⌫᪉ゝࡣ㸪዆⨾᪉ゝ࡜Ἀ⦖᪉ゝ࡟ศࡅࡿࡢࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡓࡔࡋ୚ㄽᓥ᪉ゝࡣ㸪໭⌰⌫᪉ゝࡢ୰ࡢ዆⨾᪉ゝ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿࡢ࠿㸪Ἀ⦖᪉ゝ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿࡢ࠿㸪㆟

ㄽࡢศ࠿ࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

୚ㄽᓥ᪉ゝࡣ㸪Ⲕⰼ᪉ゝ࡜ᮾ༊㸦㯏ᒇᮾ࣭㯏ᒇす㸧࡜ࡑࢀ௨እࡢᆅᇦ㸦❧㛗࣭ᇛ࣭ᮅᡞ࣭ྔ࣭

㑣㛫࣭ྂ㔛㸧࡟୕ศࡉࢀࡿࠋ㸱ᆅᇦࡢᕪࡣ࡜ࡃ࡟࢔ࢡࢭࣥࢺ࣭࢖ࣥࢺࢿ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ㠃࡛ⴭࡋࡃ㸪ᓥ Ẹࡣᐜ᫆࡟⪺ࡁศࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋᮾ༊࡜௚ࡢᆅᇦ࡜ࡢᕪࡣ㡢㡩ࡢ㠃࡟࠾࠸࡚ⴭࡋ࠸ࠋ

௨ୗ࡟ࡣ㸪ㄪᰝࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸪ືモ࣭ᙧᐜモ࣭ຓືモ࣭ຓモࡢᩥἲⓗ࡞≉ᚩ࡜ᩗㄒ⾲⌧࡟

ࡘ࠸࡚ぢ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡜ࡍࡿࠋ౛ᩥࡣᮅᡞ᪉ゝࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ᘬ⏝ࡍࡿࠋ㯏ᒇᏐ࡜ࡢ㐪࠸ࡣࡑࡢࡘ࡝᩿ࡿࠋ

㸰 ືモࡢᙧែㄽ

㸰㸬㸯 ືモࡢά⏝

୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡢືモࡢά⏝ᙧࡣ㸪Ἀ⦖༡㒊᪉ゝ࡜዆⨾᪉ゝ࡜ࡢ≉ᚩࢆేࡏᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⤊Ṇᙧ࡟-݆

ᙧ࡜-iᙧࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ୧ᙧࡢព࿡࣭⏝ἲᕪࡣ௚ࡢ዆⨾ㅖᓥ᪉ゝ࡜ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕ᭩ࡃࠖࢆ౛

࡟ྲྀࡿ࡜㸪ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿ^㸯ࠋ

kakju݆㸦᭩ࡃ㸧㸦࢖㸧ᩥࡢືస୺ࡢືసពᚿࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡜ヰࡋᡭࡀุ᩿ࡋࡓሙྜ࡟⏝࠸

ࡿࠋ

㸦ࣟ㸧㠀⩦័ⓗ࣭ಶูⓗ࡞ືసࡢ⾲⌧

㸦ࣁ㸧୺ほᛶࡢᙉ࠸⾲⌧

kakjui㸦᭩ࡃ㸧㸦࢖㸧ᩥࡢືస୺ࡢືసពᚿࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡣ╔┠ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ

㸦ࣟ㸧⩦័ⓗ୍࣭⯡ⓗ࡞ືసࡢ⾲⌧

㸦ࣁ㸧ືసࡢᐈほⓗ࡞⾲⌧

ࡇࡢᣦ᦬࡟ࡶ࡜࡙࠸࡚ࠊ୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡢ౛࡛ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࡜ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ 㸯 ZDޝJD kakju݆. ⚾ࡀ ᭩ࡃࠋ

㸨 ࡲࡕ ࡦࢁࡳࡘ㸸Ᏻ⏣ዪᏊ኱Ꮫ࣭ᩍᤵ

㸯 ἲᨻ኱ᏛἈ⦖ᩥ໬◊✲ᡤࠗ⌰⌫ࡢ᪉ゝ࠘㸦዆⨾኱ᓥᏱ᳨ᮧ‮‴᪉ゝ㸧㸯㸷㸵㸴

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㸰 ݦariga kakjui. ࠶࠸ࡘࡀ ᭩ࡃࠋ

๓⪅ࡣࠕືస୺ࡢ᭩ࡇ࠺࡜ࡢពᚿࠖࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪MXQ࡟ࡼࡿࡢ࡭ࡓ࡚ࡣ୍ே⛠

ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከࡃ࡞ࡿࠋᚋ⪅࡟ࡣࠕືస୺ࡢពᚿࠖࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀࡎ㸪ࠕ࠶࠸ࡘࡀ᭩࠸

࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜ࡢ஦ᐇࡢㄝ᫂࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪MXLࡣ୍ே⛠࣭஧ே⛠ࡢ࡜ࡁࡣ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡎ㸪

࠾ࡶ࡟୕ே⛠ࡢࡤ࠶࠸࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

㸰㸬㸰 ά⏝ᙧࡢࢱ࢖ࣉ

୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡢືモࡢά⏝ࡢࢱ࢖ࣉࡣ㸪

kakju݆ࠕ᭩ࡃࠖ kakiࠕ᭩ࡁࠖ kaka݆nuࠕ᭩࠿࡞࠸ࠖ kaciࠕ᭩࠸࡚ࠖ

ࡢ㸲ࡘࡢᙧ࠿ࡽㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ㸦ࠗ୚ㄽ᪉ゝ㎡඾࠘pp.793㹼794ࢆᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚ᘬ⏝ࡋࡓࠋ㸧 kak-㸪kac-ࢆㄒᖿ࡜ࡋ㸪-ju݆㸪-i㸪-a݆nu㸪-i ࢆά⏝ㄒᑿ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࡋ࡚ࠗ୚ㄽ᪉ゝ㎡඾࠘

࡛ࡣつ๎ືモ࡟㸳ᆺ㸪つ๎ືモ࡟㸲ᆺࢆㄆࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

⾲㸯 ୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡢືモࡢά⏝ࡢࢱ࢖ࣉ

つ๎ኚ໬

㸯ᆺ ձ᭩ࡃ ղ่ࡍ ճ㣕ࡪ մ㣧ࡴ յ₈ࡄ նṚࡠ շ⾜ࡃ ո⨨ࡃ չᣢࡘ պྲྀࡿ

㸰ᆺ ձຓࡅࡿ ղ࠶ࡆࡿ ճᐤࡏࡿ մ❧࡚ࡿ յ᧙࡛ࡿ նẚ࡭ࡿ

շ㞟ࡵࡿ ոಽࢀࡿ չᘬࡁฟࡍ

㸱ᆺ ձᖸࡿ ղぢࡿ ճࡃࡧࡿ մせࡿ յゝ࠺

㸲ᆺ ձ㏣࠺ ղၥ࠺ ճᛮ࠺

㸳ᆺ ձ౑࠺

୙つ๎ኚ໬ ձ ࡍࡿ ղ᮶ࡿ ճ᭷ࡿ մ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿ

つ๎ኚ໬ࡢ㸯ᆺࡣ㸪࣭࢝ࢧ࣭ࣂ࣭࣐࣭࣭࢞ࢼ࣭࣭࢝ࢱ࣭ࣛ⾜ࡢᅄẁືモ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣁ⾜

ᅄẁືモ࡛ㄒᖿᮎᑿࡀoࡸuࡢࡶࡢࡣ㸲ᆺ㸪ᅄẁືモ࡛ㄒᖿᮎᑿࡀaࡢࡶࡢࡣ㸳ᆺ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࠋ 㸰ᆺࡣ㸪࣭࣭࢝࢞ࢧ࣭ࢱ࣭ࢲ࣭ࣂ࣭࣐࣭ࣛ⾜ࡢୗ஧ẁືモ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸱ᆺࡣ㸪ୖ୍ẁືモ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿㄒ࡜ᅄẁືモࡢࠕࡃࡧࡿࠖࠕゝ࠺ࠖ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࠋ

୙つ๎ኚ໬ࢆぢࡏࡿࡶࡢࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀᮏᅵ᪉ゝࡢኚ᱁ά⏝࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࠋ୙つ๎ኚ໬ࡢࠕձࡍࡿࠖ

ࠕղ᮶ࡿࠖࡣ㸪ྰᐃࡢᙧࡀsja݆nu㸪kja݆nu࡛࠶ࢀࡤつ๎ኚ໬ࡢ㸲ᆺ࡜ྠࡌ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ୙つ๎ኚ໬ࡢ

ݦajunࠕճ᭷ࡿࠖࡢྰᐃᙧࡣ㸪ݦara݆nuࡣࠕ㹼࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖࡢព࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕ↓࠸ࠖࡣne݆nu࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

ࠕմ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿࠖࡣㄒᖿࡢᙧࡀά⏝ᙧ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ኚ໬ࡍࡿࠋ

⾲㸰 ୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡢά⏝య⣔

ㄒ౛ ᮍ↛ᙧ 㐃⏝ᙧ ᥋⥆ᙧ ⤊Ṇᙧ䠍 ⤊Ṇᙧ䠎㐃యᙧ ᮲௳ᙧ

㸯᭩ࡃ kak-a kak-i katܨ-i kak-ju݆ kak-jui kak-juru kak-i

㣧ࡴ num-a num-i nud-i num-ju݆ num-jui num-juru num-i

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㸰ຓࡅࡿ taܨikir-a taܨikir-i taܨikit-i taܨik-ju݆ taܨik-ju݆ taܨik-juru taܨikir-i

࠶ࡆࡿ ݦagir-a ݦagir-i ݦagit-i ݦag-ju݆ ݦagju-i ݦag-juru ݦagir-i

㸱 ᖸࡿ p-ja p-iޝ piݺ-i p-ju݆ p-jui p-juޝru p-iޝ

ぢࡿ m-ja㻌 m-i miݺ-i m-ju݆ m-jui m-juޝru m-iޝ

㸲㏣࠺ ݦw-a ݦu-i ݦuޝt-i ݦuޝ-ju݆ ݦuޝ-jui ݦuޝ-juru ݦu-i

ᛮ࠺ m-a(ޝ) mu-i muޝt-i muޝ-ju݆ muޝ-jui muޝ-juru mu-i

㸳 ౑࠺ ݺiQk-o ݺiQk-eޝ ݺiQkoޝt-i ݺiQk-e݆ ݺiQk-ei ݺiQk-eޝru ݺiQk-eޝ

ձ ࡍࡿ ܨir-a ܨir-i ܨiݺ-i ܨ-ju݆ ܨ-jui ܨ-juru ܨir-i

ղ ᮶ࡿ k-u k-i kiݺ-i k-ju݆ k-jui k-juޝru kur-i

ճ ᭷ࡿ ݦar-a ݦar-i ݦat-i ݦa-ju݆ ݦa-jui ݦa-juޝru ݦar-i

մ ࠸ ࡽ ࡗ

ࡋࡷࡿ ݦw-a ݦj-eޝ ݦwaޝݺ-i ݦj-e݆ ݦj-ei ݦj-eޝru ݦj-ei

つ๎ືモࡢ㸯ᆺ࡟ࡣ㸪ㄒᖿ࡟ kak- ࡜kac- ࡢ୧ᙧࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ㸰ᆺ࡟ࡣtasik-࡜tasikir-㸪

tasikit- ࡢ㸱ᙧ㸪㸱ᆺ࡟ࡣ㹮࡜㹫࡞࡝ㄒᖿࡀᏊ㡢㸯㡢ࡢࡳࡢࡶࡢࡀヱᙜࡍࡿࠋ㸲ᆺ࡟ࡣㄒᖿࡀ㸲ᙧ

㸦C-, Cu-, CuƼt-, CuƼ- <CࡣᏊ㡢㡢⣲>㸧࠶ࡾ㸪Ꮚ㡢㡢⣲㸯㡢ࡢࡳࡢࡶࡢࡀヱᙜࡍࡿࠋ㸳ᆺࡣά⏝

ㄒᑿࡢẕ㡢ࡀ o ࡸ e ࡟࡞ࡿࡶࡢࡀୖࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ

୙つ๎ືモࡢࠕձࡍࡿࠖࡣᶆ‽ㄒࡢࠕࡍࡿࠖ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࠋつ๎ືモࡢ㸲ᆺ࡜ྠᵝࡢά⏝ࣃࢱ࣮

ࣥࢆ♧ࡍࠋࠕղ᮶ࡿࠖࡣᮍ↛ᙧࡀ k-u ࡛࠶ࡿࠋk-a ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸪つ๎ືモࡢ㸲ᆺ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࠋࠕճ

᭷ࡿࠖࡣࠕࡍࡿࠖ࡜ྠᵝࡢά⏝ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆࡳࡏࡿࡀ㸪ྰᐃᙧࡣ ara݆nu ࡜࡞ࡾ e݆㸦࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࡢྰ

ᐃᙧ࡜ྠᙧ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ௨ୗ࡟ࡣྛά⏝ᙧࡢࡣࡓࡽࡁࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

㸰㸬㸱 ά⏝ᙧࡢ⏝ἲ 㸦㸯㸧ᮍ↛ᙧ

ձ௬ᐃ᮲௳ࢆ⾲ࡍ

waޝga kakaboޝ ݦura݆ kakjoޝ. ⚾ࡀ ᭩࠸ࡓࡽ ࠾ࡲ࠼ࡶ ᭩ࡅࡼࠋ

kakaboޝ㹙kakaboޝ㹛ࡣ㹙kakaba㹛ࡢᙧ࡛ࡶᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ㹙kakaba㹛ࡣ㸪ಀࡾຓモduࢆୗ

᥋ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࠋ

ݦuraga kakabadu wanu݆ kakjuޝru. ࠾ࡲ࠼ࡀ ᭩ࡅࡤࡒ㸦᭩࠸ࡓࡽ㸧 ⚾ࡶ ᭩ࡃࠋ

ղ ྰᐃᙧ࡟᥋⥆ࡍࡿ

ྰᐃࡢᙧ࡟ࡣ2ᙧࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ-݆nu ࡣ⮬ᕫࡢุ᩿ࡸ᥎ ࢆྰᐃࡍࡿࡤ࠶࠸࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡶ࠺

୍᪉ࡣ-ݷi࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚ᐈほⓗ࡞≧ἣࢆྰᐃࡍࡿࡢ࡭ࡓ࡚࡟⏝࠸ࡿ^㸰ࠋ

㸰 ⏫༤ගࠕ዆⨾ㅖᓥ୚ㄽᓥ᪉ゝࡢྰᐃ⾲⌧̿QX㸦㸺ࢾ㸧࡜G]L㸦㸺ࢬ㸧ࡢ⏝ἲᕪࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࠖࠗゝㄒᏛᯘ

࠘㸦㸧

(5)

ݷiޝGX NDNMXޝUX HޝMD NDND݆nu. Ꮠࢆ ᭩ࡃࠋ⤮ࡣ ᥥ࠿࡞࠸ࠋ

ZDޝJD kiݺanݺi݆ VDޝݷi. ⚾ࡀ ᮶࡚࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ ▱ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ㸦⚾ࡀ᮶࡚ࡶẼ࡙࠿࡞࠸ࠋ㸧 ճ ពᚿ່࣭ㄏἲ

ᮍ↛ᙧ࡟ពᚿࢆ⾲ࡍ -݆㸦ࠕࡴࠖ࡟┦ᙜ㸧ࡀࡘ࠸࡚ពᚿࡸ່ㄏࢆ⾲ࡍࠋ

wanaޝ ݷiޝ kaka݆. ⚾ࡣ Ꮠࢆ ᭩ࡇ࠺ࠋ

deޝbaޝ maޝݷi݆ ݦika݆. ࡉ࠶ ࠸ࡗࡋࡻ࡟ ⾜ࡇ࠺ࠋ

մ 㢪ᮃ⾲⌧ἲ

wanu݆ kakadana. ⚾ࡶ ᭩ࡇ࠺ࠋ

-dana ࢆୗ᥋ࡋ࡚㢪ᮃ⾲⌧ࢆࡋࡓ࡚ࡿࠋ-dana ࡟ࡼࡿ㢪ᮃ⾲⌧ࡣ㸪-ݺasai ࡸ -buܨai ࡞࡝࡟ࡼ

ࡿ㢪ᮃ⾲⌧࡯࡝ᙉ࠸㢪ᮃ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࠕ᭩ࡇ࠺࠿࡝࠺ࡋࡼ࠺࠿ࠖ࡜ᦂࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᚰ᝟ࡢ⾲⌧

࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

（２）連用形 ձྡモࢆసࡿ

ݦarjaޝ kaki݆ ܨiriba jabui݆ ܨu݆ doޝ. ࠶࠸ࡘࡣ ᭩ࡁࡶ ࡍࡿࡀ㸪◚ࡾࡶ ࡍࡿ ࡼࠋ

kaki݆ ܨira݆nu jumi݆ ܨira݆nu. ᭩ࡁࡶ ࡋ࡞࠸ࡋ ㄞࡳࡶ ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ

ݦari݆ kakiga ܨuޝra. ࠶࠸ࡘࡶ ᭩ࡃࡔࢁ࠺㸦᭩ࡁࡀࡍࡿ㸧࠿ࠋ

kakiࡀ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ㐃⏝୰Ṇᙧ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ࡜ࡾࡓ࡚ࡢྡモᙧࡢࡤ࠶࠸㸪kaݺi࡜࡞ࡿࠋ ݦuri݆ kaݺi ݦari݆ kaݺi naraܨi. ࡑࢀࡶ ᭩ࡁ ࡇࢀࡶ ᭩ࡁ㸦ࡋ࡚㸧ࡍࡲࡏࠋ

ղ᥋㎡ࢆ᥋⥆ࡉࡏࡿ

waޝga kakjuޝkutu ݦura݆ kaki. ⚾ࡀ ᭩ࡃ࠿ࡽ ࠾ࡲ࠼ࡶ ᭩ࡅࠋ

nuޝji݆ kama݆ganeޝܨi kakibai ܨui. ఱࡶ 㣗࡭࡞࠸࡛ ᭩ࡁࡤ࠿ࡾ ࡍࡿࠋ

-kutu ࡣࠕࡇ࡜ࠖ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿཎᅉ࣭⌮⏤ࢆ⾲ࡍ᥋㎡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ-bai ࡣࠕࡤ࠿ࡾࠖ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋ

（３）接続形

」ᩥ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᚑᒓᩥࡢ㏙ㄒࡢ఩⨨࡟ࡃࡿືモࡢᙧ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ kinoޝji݆ kaݺi ऊuޝji݆ kakjui. ᫖᪥ࡶ ᭩࠸࡚ ௒᪥ࡶ ᭩ࡃࠋ

（４）終止形

⤊Ṇᙧ࡟ࡣ㸰ᙧࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣඛ࡟ࡩࢀࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠗ୚ㄽ᪉ゝ㎡඾࠘ࡢグ㏙࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪 -jui࡜-ju݆ ࡢ⏝ἲᕪࢆぢ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ

ձ ࡢ࡭ࡓ࡚ἲ

ࠗ୚ㄽ᪉ゝ㎡඾࠘࡟ࡣࠕࡢ࡭ࡓ࡚ἲࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ kakjui ࡜ kakju݆ ࡢ㸰ᙧࢆ࡜ࡾ࠶ࡆ㸪௨ୗ

ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(p.782) arjaޝ ziޝ kakjui.

ࠕᙼࡀᏐࢆ᭩ࡃ㸦ᐈほⓗ࣭ሗ࿌ⓗࡢ࡭ࡓ࡚㸧ࠖ

ࡇࡢ -jui ࡟ࡼࡿࡢ࡭ࡓ࡚ࡣ㸪ᙼࡀ┠ࡢ๓࡛᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺஦ᐇࡢሗ࿌ࡢࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫ ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪୺ㄒࡀ୍ே⛠࡜஧ே⛠ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣ౑࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀ࡟

ᑐࡋ࡚㸪-ju݆ ࡟ࡼࡿࡢ࡭ࡓ࡚ࡣ㸪waޝga kakju݆ ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡟୺ㄒࡀ୍ே⛠ࡢࡤ࠶࠸

(6)

ࡶ౑࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ⮬ศࡢពᚿࢆ⾲⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㸦୰␎㸧 arjaޝ ziޝ kakju݆.

ࠕᙼࡣᏐࢆ᭩ࡃ㸦୺ほⓗ࣭᥎㔞ⓗࡢ࡭ࡓ࡚㸧ࠖ

ղ ࡓࡎࡡἲ

ࡓࡎࡡἲ࡟ࡣ㸪ᩥ୰࡟␲ၥモࢆྵࡲ࡞࠸࢔㸧୍⯡ࡓࡎࡡἲ࡜࢖㸧ゎ⟅ࢆࡶ࡜ࡵ࡞࠸࠺ࡓ ࡀ࠸࡜࢘㸧␲ၥモࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡓࡎࡡἲࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

࢔㸧୍⯡ࡓࡎࡡἲ

ݦuraga kakjummiޝ. ࠾ࡲ࠼ࡀ ᭩ࡃ࠿ࠋ

miޝ ࡣ mui ࡢᙧ࡛ࡶᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࠋmui ࡣࡸࢃࡽ࠿࡞⾲⌧࡜࡞ࡿࠋ ݦuroޝ kakju݆du kaka݆du. ࠾ࡲ࠼ࡣ ᭩ࡃ࠿ ᭩࠿࡞࠸࠿ࠋ

du ࡛ࡴࡍࡪࡓࡎࡡἲࡣ㸪ࠕܨu݆du ܨira݆nudu. ࡸࡿ࠿ࡸࡽ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࠖࡢࡼ࠺࡟┦ᡭ࡟ุ᩿

ࢆࡶ࡜ࡵࡿࡓࡎࡡἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࢖㸧࠺ࡓࡀ࠸

࠺ࡓࡀ࠸ࡣ⮬ศ⮬㌟࡟ၥ࠸࠿ࡅࡿẼᣢࡕࡀᙉࡃ㸪┦ᡭ࡟ุ᩿ࢆồࡵࡿẼᣢࡕࡢᙅ࠸ࡓ ࡎࡡἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ݦari݆ tegami kakjuޝra. ࠶࠸ࡘࡶ ᡭ⣬ࢆ ᭩ࡃࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ ݦari݆ tegami kakjuޝraga. ࠶࠸ࡘࡶ ᡭ⣬ࢆ ᭩ࡃࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ ݦari݆ tegami kakju݆geޝra. ࠶࠸ࡘࡶ ᡭ⣬ࢆ ᭩ࡃࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ

⤊Ṇᙧ kakju݆ ࡟ -݆geޝra㸦࠿ࡋࡽ㸧ࡀࡘ࠸࡚࠺ࡓࡀ࠸ࡢẼᣢࡕࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋkakju݆

geޝra ࡀ┬␎ࡉࢀࡓᙧࡀ kakjuޝra ࡜ kakjura࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢘㸧␲ၥモࡓࡎࡡἲ

ᩥ୰࡟␲ၥモࢆྵࢇ࡛㸪┦ᡭ࡟ㄝ᫂ࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡎࡡἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㐃యᙧ࡜ྠࡌᙧ࡛ᩥࢆ

⤖ࡪࡤ࠶࠸࡜ඹ㏻ㄒࡢࠕ᭩ࡃࡢ࠿ࠖ࡟࠶ࡓࡿᙧ࡛⤖ࡪࡤ࠶࠸࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㐃యᙧ࡛⤖ࢇࡔ ࡤ࠶࠸ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀヰ⪅ࡢឤ᝟ࡀᙉࡃ⾲ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

nuga Ɏumana݆ ݷiޝ kakjuޝru. ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ ࡇࡇ࡟ Ꮠࢆ ᭩ࡃࡢ࠿ࠋ nuޝnati ݊umana݆ ݷiޝ kakju݆ga. ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ ࡇࡇ࡟ Ꮠࢆ ᭩ࡃࡢ࠿ࠋ

ࠕ࠸ࡘࠖࠕ࡝ࡇ࡟ࠖࠕࡔࢀࡀࠖࠕఱ࡛ࠖࡢ౛ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ ga ࡛␲ၥࢆ⾲

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ݦiݺi Ɏumana݆ ݷiޝ kaݺa݆ga. ࠸ࡘ ࡇࡇ࡟ Ꮠࢆ ᭩࠸ࡓࡢ࠿ࠋ

ݦidanai kaݺa݆JDĺɎumanai kaݺa݆. ࡝ࡇ࡟ ᭩࠸ࡓࡢࠋĺࡇࡇ࡟ ᭩࠸ࡓࠋ taޝga Ɏumana݆ ݷiޝ kaݺa݆ga. ࡔࢀࡀ ࡇࡇ࡟ Ꮠࢆ ᭩࠸ࡓࡢ࠿ࠋ

nuޝܨi Ɏumana݆ ݷiޝ kaݺa݆ga. ఱ࡛ ࡇࡇ࡟ Ꮠࢆ ᭩࠸ࡓࡢ࠿ࠋ 㸦㸳㸧㐃యᙧ

ືモࡀྡモࡢ๓࡟ࡁ࡚㸪ྡモࢆಟ㣭ࡍࡿᙧ࡛࠶ࡿࠋඹ㏻ㄒ࡛ࡣ㸪㐃యᙧࡣ⤊Ṇᙧ࡜ྠᆺ࡛࠶

ࡿࡀ㸪୚ㄽ᪉ゝ࡛ࡣ⤊Ṇᙧ࡜␗࡞ࡿࠋ

waޝga tegami kakjuޝru nageޝ matݺuri. ⚾ࡀ ᡭ⣬ࢆ ᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿ ࠶࠸ࡔ ࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࢀࠋ

(7)

ࡲࡓ㸪duࠕࡒࠖࡢಀࡾࢆཷࡅ࡚ಀࡾ⤖ࡧࢆ᏶ᡂࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ݷiޝdu kakjuޝru.ݦeޝja kaka݆nu. Ꮠ㸦ࡒ㸧ࢆ ᭩ࡃࠋ⤮ࡣ ᥥ࠿࡞࠸ࠋ 㸦㸴㸧᮲௳ᙧ

ᮍ↛ᙧ࡛ࡣ㸪௬࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡽࡀ㉳ࡁࡓࡽ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡍࡿ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ௬ᐃ᮲௳ࢆసࡿ

ࡀ㸪᮲௳ᙧ࡛ࡣࡍ࡛࡟㉳ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡟ࡋࡓ☜ᐃ᮲௳ࢆ⾲ࡍࠋ wanun ݷiޝ kakiboޝ ݦeޝta݆. ⚾ࡶ Ꮠࢆ ᭩ࡅࡤ ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

௨ୖ㸪ືモࡢྛά⏝ᙧࡢ⏝ἲࢆᴫほࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋືモࡢά⏝ᙧࡢ⏝ἲࢆ㸪ཷࡅ㌟ᙧࡸ౑ᙺᙧ࠶

ࡿ࠸ࡣࢸࣥࢫࡸ࢔ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽヲ⣽࡟᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡩࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ

࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

㸰㸬㸳 ⿵ຓືモ

⿵ຓືモࡢά⏝ᙧࡢാࡁࢆ୎ᑀయࡢ -bju݆ ࢆ౛࡟ࡋ࡚ぢ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺ࠋ-bju݆ ࡣືモࡢ㐃⏝ᙧ࡟᥋

⥆ࡋ࡚㸪୎ᑀ࡞⾲⌧ࢆᙧసࡿࠋ 㸦㸯㸧 ᮍ↛ᙧ

ྰᐃᙧ࡟᥋⥆ࡍࡿࠋྰᐃࡢᙧ࡟ࡣ㸰ᙧࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ୎ᑀయࡶືモࡢ౑࠸ศࡅ࡜ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ-݆nu ࡣ⮬ᕫࡢุ᩿ࡸ᥎ ࢆྰᐃࡍࡿࡤ࠶࠸࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࠋ୍᪉ࡢ -Ƴi ࡣᐈほⓗ࡞≧ἣྰᐃ࡟⏝࠸ࡽ

ࢀࡿࠋ

ݷiޝdu kakjaޝbjuޝru. ݦeޝja kakjaޝbira݆nu. Ꮠࢆ㸦ࡒ㸧 ᭩ࡁࡲࡍࠋ⤮ࡣ ᥥࡁࡲࡏࢇࠋ

matݺannti݆ matݺannti݆ kjaޝbiraݷi. ᚅࡗ࡚ࡶ ᚅࡗ࡚ࡶ ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋ

᥎㔞ἲࡣ㸪-bjuޝra ࡢᙧࢆ࡜ࡿࠋ

ݦatݺaޝjaޝ ܨikkama taݺaޝbjuޝra. ᫂᪥ࡢ ᮅ ࠾❧ࡕ࡟࡞ࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ 㸦㸰㸧㐃⏝ᙧ

waޝga kakjaޝbjuޝkutu ݦureޝji݆ kaݺiݦwaޝri. ⚾ࡀ ᭩ࡁࡲࡍ࠿ࡽ ࠶࡞ࡓࡶ ᭩࠸࡚ࡃࡔ ࡉ࠸ࠋ

ཎᅉ࣭⌮⏤ࢆ⾲ࡍ᥋㎡ kutu ࡟᥋⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 㸦㸱㸧᥋⥆ᙧ

kinoޝji݆ kaݺaޝbjui ऊuޝji݆ kaݺaޝbjui . ᫖᪥ࡶ ࠾᭩ࡁ࡟࡞ࡾ ௒᪥ࡶ ࠾᭩ࡁ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

（４）終止形

⤊Ṇᙧ࡟㸰ᙧࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ୎ᑀయ࡛ࡶྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ݦanu piݺaޝ ݷiޝ kakjaޝbjui. ࠶ࡢ ேࡣ Ꮠࢆ ࠾᭩ࡁ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

୕ே⛠ࡀ୺ㄒ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ࠕ᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺஦ᐇࡢሗ࿌ࡢࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀ

࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪-bju݆ ࡣ୺ㄒࡀ୍ே⛠ࡢࡤ࠶࠸ࡶ౑࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ⮬ศࡢពᚿࢆ୎ᑀ࡟⾲

⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

waޝga ݷiޝ kakjaޝbju݆. ⚾ࡀ Ꮠࢆ ᭩ࡁࡲࡍࠋ

㸦㸳㸧㐃యᙧ

(8)

⤊Ṇᙧ࡜ᙧែࡀ␗࡞ࡿࠋྡモ࡟ಀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᇶᮏ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

ݦureޝga tegami kakjuޝru nageޝ matݺura. ࠶࡞ࡓࡀ ᡭ⣬ࢆ ᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿ ࠶࠸ࡔ㸪 ᚅࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ

ࡲࡓ du㸦ࡒ㸧ࢆཷࡅ࡚ಀࡾ⤖ࡧࢆ᏶ᡂࡉࡏࡿࠋ

ݷiޝdu kakjaޝbjuޝru. ݦeޝja kakjbira݆nu. Ꮠ㸦ࡒ㸧ࢆ ᭩ࡁࡲࡍࠋ⤮ࡣ ᥥࡁࡲࡏࢇࠋ 㸦㸴㸧᮲௳ᙧ

ࡍ࡛࡟㉳ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡟ࡋࡓ☜ᐃ᮲௳ࢆ⾲ࡍࠋ

ݦureޝga ݷiޝ kaݺaޝbiriboޝ najuޝtaru munu. ࠶࡞ࡓࡀ Ꮠࢆ ᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࢀࡤ ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓ ࡢ࡟ࠋ

㸱 ᙧᐜモࡢᙧែㄽ

୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡢᙧᐜモ࡟ࡣ㸪㸰⣔ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋㄒᖿᮎᑿࡀ-sa㸦ࢡά⏝ᙧᐜモ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࡶࡢ࡜-sja݆

㸦ࢩࢡά⏝ᙧᐜモ㸧ࡢࡶࡢ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋtaޝ-sa݆㸦㧗࠸㸧su-sa݆㸦ⓑ࠸㸧ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ sa ㄒᑿࢆᣢࡘࡶࡢ

࡜㸪mizira-sja݆㸦⌋ࡋ࠸㸧haba-sja݆㸦㤶ࡤࡋ࠸㸧ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ -sja݆ㄒᑿࢆᣢࡘࡶࡢ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡒ

ࢀࠕㄒᖿ㸩ࡉ㸩࠶ࡾࠖ㸪ࠕㄒᖿ㸩ࡋࡉ㸩࠶ࡾࠖ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋḟ⾲࡟sa݆ά⏝ᙧᐜモࡢtakasa݆³

㸦㧗࠸㸧magisa݆㸦኱ࡁ࠸㸧㸪miziraܨa݆㸦⌋ࡋ࠸㸧ܨidaޝܨa݆㸦ᾴࡋ࠸㸧ࡢά⏝ᙧࢆࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ

⾲㸱 ୚ㄽ᪉ゝᙧᐜモࡢά⏝

᮲௳ᙧ1 ᮲௳ᙧ2 ⤊Ṇᙧ1 ⤊Ṇᙧ2 㐃యᙧ ᥋⥆ᙧ

takasa݆ takasara takasari takasa݆ takasai takasaru takasati

magisa݆ magisara magisari magisa݆ magisai magisaru magisati

miziraܨan miziraܨara miziraܨari miziraܨa݆ miziraܨai miziraܨaru miziraܨati ܨidaޝܨa݆ ܨidaޝܨara ܨidaޝܨari ܨidaޝܨa݆ ܨidaޝܨai ܨidaޝܨaru ܨidaޝܨati

２．１形容詞の用法

（１）文末での用法 ձࡢ࡭ࡓ࡚ἲ

⤊Ṇᙧ࡟ࡣ㸰ᙧ࠶ࡿࠋ

Ɏunu saija takasa݆. ࡇࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗࠸ࠋ Ɏunu saija takasai. ࡇࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗࠸ࠋ

takasanࡣ㸪௚࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࡶ㧗࠸࡜࠸࠺ᐈほⓗ࡞⾲⌧࡛࠶ࡿࠋtakasai ࡣ⮬ศࡢุ᩿࡜ࡋ࡚㧗࠸࡜

ࡍࡿ୺ほⓗ࡞⾲⌧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㐣ཤࡢ࠸࠸ࡁࡾࡢᙧࡶ㸰ᙧ࡟ูࢀࡿࠋ Ɏunu saija takasata݆. ࡇࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

Ɏunu saija takasatai. ࡇࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

3 㯏ᒇ᪉ゝ࡛ࡣ㸪ta:sai࡜࡞ࡿ

(9)

๓⪅ࡣ㧗࠿ࡗࡓ࡜᫂☜࡟㏙࡭ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪ᚋ⪅࡟ࡣ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࡽࡋ࠸࡜ࡢ࠾ࡋࡣ࠿ࡿẼᣢࡕࡀ ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ☜ಙ᥎㔞ࢆ⾲ࡍ࡟ࡣ㸪ࠕ㐃యᙧ㸩paݷi㸦ࡣࡎ㸧࡛ࠖ⾲ࡍࠋ

Ɏunu saija takasataru paݷi. ࡇࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗࠿ࡗࡓ ࡣࡎ㸦ࡔࢁ࠺㸧ࠋ ղࡓࡎࡡἲ

୍⯡ⓗ࡞ࡓࡎࡡἲ࡛ࡣ㸪ᩥᮎ࡟ mi (ޝ)ࢆ௜ࡅ࡚␲ၥࢆ⾲ࡍࠋ-miޝ ࡣ-mui ࡛ᐇ⌧ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ

࠶ࡿࠋ-mui ࡣࡸࡸྂ㢼࡞ゝ࠸᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

Ɏunu saija takasammiޝ. ࡇࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗࠸࠿ࠋ Ɏunu saija takasammui. ࡇࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗࠸࠿ࠋ

㐣ཤࡢࡓࡎࡡἲ࡟ࡶ-miޝࡲࡓࡣ-muiࢆ௜ࡅ࡚ࡓࡎࡡࡿࠋ Ɏunu saija takasatammiޝ. ࡇࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗࠿ࡗࡓ࠿ࠋ Ɏunu saija takasatammui. ࡇࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗࠿ࡗࡓ࠿ࠋ

␲ၥモ࡛ࡢࡓࡎࡡἲࡣ㸪ᩥᮎ࡟-ga ࢆࡘࡅ࡚⾲ࡍࠋ㐃⏝ᙧ㸪⤊Ṇᙧ㸯㸪⤊Ṇᙧ㸰࡟ࡘࡃࠋ ݦiduruga takakuga. ࡝ࡕࡽࡀ 㧗࠸࠿ࠋ

ݦiduruga takasa݆ga. ࡝ࡕࡽࡀ 㧗࠸࠿ࠋ ݦiduruga takasaiga. ࡝ࡕࡽࡀ 㧗࠸࠿ࠋ

takakuga࡜takasa݆ga ࡣ୍⯡ⓗ࡞஦ᐇࡢ☜ㄆࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ୧⪅࡜ࡶ࡟ヰࡋᡭࡢ

☜ㄆࢆồࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊtakasa݆gaࡣࡼࡾᐈほⓗ࡞ุ᩿ࢆせồࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋtakasa݆ga ࡣ࠸ࡃࡪ

ࢇྂ㢼࡞ឤࡌࢆཷࡅࡿࠋtakasaiga ࡣ║๓࡛ẚ㍑ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ୧⪅࡟ࡓࡎࡡ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ-i⤊Ṇᙧ࡜-N⤊ Ṇᙧࡢ⏝ἲᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋືモࡢ⤊Ṇᙧ-ju݆࡜-juiࡢ⏝ἲᕪ࡜ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᥎㔞ᙧ -ra ࡛ヰࡋᡭ ࡢ␲࠸ࢆ࠶ࡽࢃࡍࠋ

Ɏunu saija takasara. ࡇࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ 㸦㸰㸧㐃యἲ

ಀຓモ du ࡢ⤖ࡧ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ಀࡾ⤖ࡧࢆ᏶ᡂࡉࡏࡿࠋ Ɏunu saidu takasaru. ࡇࡢ 㓇㸦ࡇࡑ㸧ࡀ 㧗࠸ࠋ యゝ࡟࠿࠿ࡾ㐃యಟ㣭ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺ࠋ

takasaru saidu masaru. 㧗࠸ 㓇㸦ࡇࡑ㸧ࡀ ࠾࠸ࡋ࠸ࠋ

‽యྡモ ܨi ࡟࠿࠿ࡿࡤ࠶࠸㸪㐃యᙧ takasaru ࡢ-ruࡀ⬺ⴠࡍࡿࠋtakasaruܨi ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

takasaܨidu masaru. 㧗࠸ࡢ㸦ࡇࡑ㸧ࡀ ࠾࠸ࡋ࠸ࠋ

㸦㸱㸧㐃⏝ἲ

⏝ゝ࡟࠿࠿ࡾ㸪≧ែࡢኚ໬ࡸືసࡢ᪉ྥࢆ࠶ࡽࢃࡍࠋ takaku naju݆. 㧗ࡃ ࡞ࡿࠋ

㸦㸲㸧᥋⥆ἲ

᥋⥆ᙧࡣtakasati࡛࠶ࡿࠋtaޝsati ࡢᙧ࡛⾲ࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶከ࠸ࠋ

takasati݆ ho݆. 㧗ࡃ࡚ࡶ ㈙࠾࠺ࠋ ୪࡭❧࡚ࡿ⏝ἲࡣ,

ݦari݆ takasai ݊uri݆ takasai. ࠶ࢀࡶ 㧗࠸ࡋ ࡇࢀࡶ 㧗࠸ࠋ

(10)

࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

᮲௳ᙧ࡟ࡣ㸰ᙧࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ

takasaraboޝ ho݆nu. 㧗ࡅࢀࡤ ㈙ࢃ࡞࠸ࠋ takasariboޝ ho݆nu. 㧗ࡅࢀࡤ ㈙ࢃ࡞࠸ࠋ

๓⪅ࡣ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ௬ᐃ᮲௳࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᚋ⪅ࡣ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ☜ᐃ᮲௳࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㸦㸳㸧ྰᐃἲ

ྰᐃᙧࡣ -ne:ࠊ-݆nuࡢᙧࢆ࡜ࡿࠋ

Ƣunu saija takaku ne:. ࡑࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗ࡃ ࡞࠸ࠋ Ƣunu saija takaku ne݆nu. ࡑࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗ࡃ ࡞࠸ࠋ

-ne:ࡣヰ⪅ࡢ୺ほⓗ࡞ุ᩿࡛࠶ࡾࠊ-݆nuࡣᐈほⓗ࡞ุ᩿࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㐣ཤࡢྰᐃᙧࡣ㸪-ne݆ta݆ ࡜࡞

ࡾnuࡀ⬺ⴠࡍࡿࠋ

Ƣunu saija takaku ne݆ta݆. ࡑࡢ 㓇ࡣ 㧗ࡃ ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ 㸲 ຓ㎡ࡢࡣࡓࡽࡁ

௒ᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ㈨ᩱ㸦ᩥἲ㸧࠿ࡽ㸪୚ㄽ᪉ゝ࡟࠾ࡇ࡞ࢃࢀࡿ᥋㎡ࢆᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ౛ᩥ

ࡢ␒ྕࡣ㸪ㄪᰝ㈨ᩱࡢ␒ྕ࡛࠶ࡿࠋඹ㏻ㄒヂࡣ㈨ᩱ࡟ࡋࡓࡀ࠺ࠋ

㸲㸬㸯 ࡣࡔ࠿᱁

ࡣࡔ࠿᱁ࡣ㸪ྡモࡀ᱁ຓ㎡ࢆ࡜ࡶ࡞ࢃ࡞࠸ᙧ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୺᱁ࢆ⾲ࡍࠕࡀࠖࡸᡤ᭷ࢆ⾲ࡍࠕࡠࠖࡀࠊ ࡣࡔ࠿᱁࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㐃⏝᱁࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣືసࡢᑐ㇟ࢆ⾲ࡍࠕࢆࠖ࡜ࠕ࡟ࠖ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

40 ZDQDޝ ta݊unu saܨimi koݐeݺasai. ࠾ࢀࡣ ⻇ࡢ ࡉࡋࡳࡀ 㣗࡭ࡓ࠸ࠋ

37 u݊uja ܨikkamakaݐa XƾNDWL ݦMXޝ WX݄݄D MHޝWD݆. ࡌ࠸ࡉࢇࡣ ᮅ࠿ࡽ ᾏ࡬ 㨶ࢆ ࡜ࡾ࡟

࠸ࡗࡓࠋ (஦ᐇࡢሗ࿌/┠ᧁ㐣ཤ)

41 uݐRޝ ݊unu ݦMXޝQXQDޝ ܨitݺummui. ࠾ࡲ࠼ࡣ ࡇࡢ 㨶ࡢ ྡࡲ࠼ࢆ ▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠋ

69 DPPDޝMD iݺibakati oHޝPXQXܨi݄݄a {iݷLWMXޝVD(஦ᐇࡢሗ࿌LNMXޝWD݆. (┠ᧁ㐣ཤ)}.

࠿࠶ࡉࢇࡣ ᕷሙ࡬ ㈙≀࡟ ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

70 miݺLQRޝWL JDNNRޝQX ܨLQVHޝ itݺRޝWD݆. 㐨࡛ Ꮫᰯࡢ ඛ⏕࡟ ఍ࡗࡓࠋ

㸲㸬㸰 ga㸦ࡀ㸧᱁

ga ᱁ࡣ㸪ືసࡢ୺యࢆ⾲ࡋ㸪ᩥࡢ୰࡛୺ㄒࢆ࠶ࡽࢃࡍࠋ

02 ݦuݐaga pattaikatiݦiki. (ᖺୗ࡟) / ݦuݐHޝJDSDWWDLNDWLݦஎZDޝݐjo. (ᖺୖ࡟) ࠾ࡲ࠼ࡀ ⏿࡬ ⾜ࡅࠋ 03 ݆݆SDWWDLNDWMDޝZDޝJD^ݦikju݆/ݦLNMXQGRޝ┠ୖ࡬࡟) }.

23 ݦumagaga ݊udukaݐDWRޝNMRޝQDLXMX݆. Ꮮࡀ ཤᖺ࠿ࡽ ᮾி࡟ ࠸ࡿࠋ

53 Ɏudu itokoga ݺXޝJDNNRޝQXܨLQVHޝQDWLཤᖺ ࠸࡜ࡇࡀ ୰Ꮫࡢ ඛ⏕࡟ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

ᇶᮏⓗ࡟㸪ga ࢆ࡜ࡶ࡞࠺ྡモࡣே⛠௦ྡモࡸேࢆ⾲ࡍྡモ࡟㝈ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡚㸪ேࡀ୺ㄒ࡛࠶ࡿ

ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ݦureޝga ݦwaޝrjaޝ. ࠶࡞ࡓࡀ ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡼࠋ

(11)

jakaga ݦeޝtan. ඗ࡀ ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࠋ

࡞࡝┠ୖࡢே࡟ࡶ ga ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪࠾࡞ࡌᩗពࡢᑐ㇟࡟࡞ࡿࠕඛ⏕ࠖࡸࠕ⏫㛗ࠖ࡟ࡣ nu ᱁ࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ܨinܨiޝnu ݦwaޝtci. ඛ⏕ࡀ ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࠋ

ݺoޝݺoޝnu ݦaisatsu ܨiݺiݦeޝta݆. ⏫㛗ࡀ ࠶࠸ࡉࡘ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࠋ to:kjo:nu piƶunu Ƣei.ᮾிࡢ ேࡀ ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿࠋ

ࡇࢀࡽࡢ nu ᱁ࡣ ga ᱁࡟ࡣ⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋga ᱁࡜ nu ᱁ࡢ౑࠸ศࡅ࡟ࡣ㸪ࡲࡔ᳨ウࡢవᆅ ࡀṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸲㸬㸱 nu㸦ࡢ㸧᱁

nu ᱁ࢆ࡜ࡶ࡞࠺ྡモࡣ⮬↛≀࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ga ᱁ࢆ࡜ࡶ࡞࠺ྡモࡣே⛠௦ྡモࡸே≀ྡモ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪

౑࠸ศࡅࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

15 miݺDޝSMXޝVDL 㐨ࡀ ᗈ࠸࡞࠶ࠋ

17 NLQRޝMD^oXޝMHޝNXPD݆㹼oXޝMHޝNXPD݆} hadinu {ݺXޝVDLݺXޝVDWD݆}. ࡁࡢ࠺ࡣ ௒᪥ࡼࡾ

㢼ࡀ ᙉ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

18 maܨiݐuka ܨuݐXWXLQXWLQWRޝWXGLݦaikjui. ┿ࡗⓑ࡞ 㫽ࡀ ✵ࢆ 㣕ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ

38 ݊XPRޝ^XƾNDWLXQQX`NMDޝVDQXݦMXޝnu masai. ࡇࡇࡣ ᾏ࡟ ࡕ࠿࠸ࡢ࡛ 㨶ࡀ ࠺ࡲ

࠸ࠋ

74 hanakonu ݺiݐRޝDPPDޝWXNDZDWWL݄iݺui. ⰼᏊࡣ 㢦ࡀ ࠿࠶ࡉࢇ࡟ ࡼࡃ ఝ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸲㸬㸲 nonti㸦࡛㸧᱁

nonti ࡣ㸪ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࣂ࢚࣮ࣜࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ⾲ࢀࡿࠋ㈨ᩱ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ౛ᩥࢆิᣲࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ

70 㸯㸬miݺinaޝQXQWLJDNNRޝQXVHQVHޝWXLWݺRޝWD݆. 㐨࡛ Ꮫᰯࡢ ඛ⏕࡟ ఍ࡗࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡣࠕྂ㔛࣭㑣㛫࣭ྔࠖࡢ౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕⲔⰼ࣭❧㛗࡛ࠖࡣ㸪

70 2.miݺinaޝdLJDNNRޝQXܨinܨHޝtu{itݺRޝWD݆.㸦ᩗㄒ㸧㸭oޝti㸭oޝtan㸦㠀ᩗㄒ㸧} 㐨࡛ Ꮫᰯࡢ ඛ⏕

࡟ ఍ࡗࡓࠋ

࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕᮅᡞ࣭ᇛ࡛ࠖࡣ㸪௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 70 3.miݺLޝQRޝWLJDNNRޝQXܨLQVHޝLWݺRޝWD݆. 㐨࡛ Ꮫᰯࡢ ඛ⏕࡟ ఍ࡗࡓ 㯏ᒇす༊࡛ࡶnoޝti ࡀ⪺࠿ࢀ㸪㯏ᒇᮾ࡛ࡣ nonti ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 70 4.miݺLQRޝWLJDNNRޝQo seQVHޝtuRޝWD݆. 㐨࡛ Ꮫᰯࡢ ඛ⏕࡟ ఍ࡗࡓࠋ 70 5.miݺinaޝnonWLJDNNRޝQXܨLQVHޝLWݺRޝWD݆. 㐨࡛ Ꮫᰯࡢ ඛ⏕࡟ ఍ࡗࡓࠋ

ܨi ࡣືモ sju݆㸦ࡍࡿ㸧ࡢ୰Ṇᙧ࠿ࡽὴ⏕ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡉࢀࡿ^㸲ࠋ

㸲㸬㸳 ܨi㸦࡛㸧᱁

10 jambaݐXNDWMDޝ ݊u݄iܨi ݦikjuܨHޝ^NXPD݆㹼NXPDޝ݆` oLNRޝNLܨi ݦiݣaݐXKRޝJDjutaܨai. Ἀ⦖࡟ࡣ ⯪࡛

⾜ࡃࡼࡾ 㣕⾜ᶵ࡛ ⾜ࡗࡓ ࡯࠺ࡀ ࠸࠸ࠋ

60 sabuݐRޝMDݷiݐRޝL݆ ERޝܨi {utaݐiti (஦ᐇࡢሗ࿌) / utaݐMXޝWD݆. (┠ᧁ㐣ཤ)}. ୕㑻ࡣ ḟ㑻࡟ Წ࡛

㧗ỤὪ㢗Ꮚࠗ⌰⌫᪉ゝࡢືモ㸪ᙧᐜモࡢᙧែㄽ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ࣭◊✲࠘㸦ᖹᡂᖺ᭶㸧㹮

(12)

࡞ࡄࡽࢀࡓࠋ (஦ᐇࡢሗ࿌/┠ᧁ㐣ཤ)

58 wutuwa daiܨi tiݐuݸukuti. (஦ᐇࡢሗ࿌) / wutuwa daiܨi tiݐuݸXNXMXޝWD݆. (┠ᧁ㐣ཤ) ኵࡣ ➉࡛

࠿ࡈࢆ ࡘࡃࡗࡓࠋ (஦ᐇࡢሗ࿌/┠ᧁ㐣ཤ)

ᡭẁ㸪㐨ල㸪ᮦᩱ࡞࡝ࢆ⾲ࡍࠋඹ㏻ㄒࡢࠕ࡛ࠖ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋ

㸲㸬㸴 daki㸦ࡔࡅ㸧᱁

ඹ㏻ㄒࡢࠕࡔࡅࠖ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋ56ࡢ౛ࡣ㸪daki ࡟ಀࡢ᥋㎡ du ࡀᚋ᥋ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⤖ࡧࡀ -ru ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ಀࡾ⤖ࡧࡀ᏶ᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

36 ݦXPDJRޝPD݆ݣXޝMDKRޝGDNLNRݐe݆. Ꮮࡣ ࡲࢇࡌࡹ࠺ࢆ ⓶ࡔࡅ 㣗࡭ࡿࠋ 56 Ɏunu panaܨDޝWXݷikatidakidu kikaݺaݐu. ࡑࡢ ヰࡣ ጔ࡟ࡔࡅ ⪺࠿ࡏࡓ؛

㸲㸬㸵 natiࠕࡢ࡛ࠖ᱁

23 2 ݄imuݺunu u݆sanu wattaiܨi mutݺa݆. Ⲵ≀ࡀ 㔜࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ ஧ே࡛ ࡶࡗࡓࠋ 23 3 ݄iޝmuݺinu ݦumusataݐunati taiܨi mutݺa݆. Ⲵ≀ࡀ 㔜࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ ஧ே࡛ ࡶࡗࡓࠋ

ୖ౛ࡀᮅᡞ࣭ᇛࡢ౛࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᚋ⪅ࡀⲔⰼ࣭❧㛗ࡢ౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋnuࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ᐈほⓗ࡟⌮

⏤ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ⾲⌧࡛࠶ࡾ㸪nati ࡣ୺ほⓗ࡟⌮⏤ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ⾲⌧࡟ከ࠸ࠋ

㸲㸬㸶 ntana㸦ࡲ࡛㸧᱁

場所にも時間にも使われる。

27 ݦRޝVDNDNDݐD ^WRޝNMRޝQWDޝݐDQX WRޝNMRޝQWDޝQDQX` NLܨaݺi݄a ݦiݺasadaݐaga. ኱㜰࠿ࡽ ᮾிࡲ࡛ࡢ Ỷ㌴㈤ࡣ ࠸ࡃࡽࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ

29 {goݣLQWDޝݐa / goݣLQWDޝQD`PXGXݐibadu ࠓnajuiࠔ. ஬᫬ࡲ࡛࡟ ᖐࡽ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ ࡞ࡽ࡞

࠸ࠋ

30 ݣiݐRޝɎXQX PLޝPXݺinݺDޝMDޝ^QWDޝݐD QWDޝQD`KDܨigiti {muݺiݣi kuݐiݐi (ᣢࡗ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚ࡃࢀ) / ݦiݣi

kuݐiݐi (⾜ࡗ࡚ࡃࢀ) }.ḟ㑻㸪ࡇࡢ Ⲵ≀ࢆ ᐙࡲ࡛ ࠿ࡘ࠸࡛ ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࠋ

㸲㸬㸷 eޝkuma㸦ࡼࡾ㸧᱁

17 NLQRޝMD ^oXޝMHޝNXPD݆㹼oXޝMHޝNXPD݆} hadinu {ݺXޝVDL ݺXޝVDWD݆}. ࡁࡢ࠺ࡣ ௒᪥ࡼࡾ 㢼ࡀ ᙉ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

39 ݦMXޝMHޝNX݄a ܨiܨinu hataga takasai. (ݦMXޝMHޝNX݄a࡛ࡣ j ࡣࡑࡢ๓ࡢuࡢᙳ㡪࡛ ݦMXޝZMHޝNX݄a ࡟

⪺ࡇ࠼ࡿ) 㨶ࡼࡾ ⫗ࡢ ࡯࠺ࡀ 㧗࠸ࠋ ࠕAࡼࡾࡶBࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓẚ㍑ࢆ⾲ࡍࠋ 㸳 ୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡢᆅᇦᕪ

୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡣ㸪Ⲕⰼ᪉ゝ࡜ᮾ༊㸦㯏ᒇᮾ࣭㯏ᒇす㸧࡜ࡑࢀ௨እࡢᆅᇦ㸦❧㛗࣭ᇛ࣭ᮅᡞ࣭ྔ࣭㑣㛫࣭ྂ㔛㸧࡟኱ูࡉࢀࡿࠋ௒ᅇࡢ㈨ᩱࢆࡘࡪࡉ࡟᳨ウࡋ࡚㸪ᩥἲⓗ࡞ഃ㠃࠿ࡽᆅᇦᕪࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡑ

࠺࡜ヨࡳࡓࠋᩥἲⓗ࡞㠃࡛ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ᕪࡣぢ࠸ࡔࡏ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ౛ᩥ 19 ࡸ 23 ࡢࠕ࠸ࡿࠖࡀ㯏ᒇ ᮾ࣭㯏ᒇす࡛ Ɏuju݆㸦௚ࡢ㞟ⴠࡣ wuju݆㸧㸪68ࠕ࡞࠾ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠖࡢ᥎㔞ᙧࡀ Ɏaݷi㸦௚ࡢ㞟ⴠࡣ

(13)

paݷi㸧࡞࡝㡢ኌⓗ࡞ᕪࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀࡿࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᪉ゝࡢᕪ␗ࡣࡲࡎ㡢ኌ࠿ࡽ⪥❧ࡘ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜

࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

㸴 ࠾ࢃࡾ࡟

዆⨾⩌ᓥࡢ᭱༡➃࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿ୚ㄽᓥࡢ᪉ゝࡣ㸪Ἀ⦖༡㒊᪉ゝ࡜ࡢఝ㏻࠸ࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ࡶࡼࡃᣦ

᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡜ࡃ࡟㡢㡩ࡢ㠃࡛㸪዆⨾኱ᓥ᪉ゝࡸᚨஅᓥ᪉ゝ࡜ࡢ㝸ࡓࡾࡣ኱ࡁࡃ㸪㡢㡩㠃࡛ࡢ Ἀ⦖༡㒊᪉ゝ࡜ࡢ㏆ࡉࡀࡇࢀࢆ⿬௜ࡅࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛㸪ືモࡢ⤊Ṇᙧ࡟㸰ᙧ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝዆⨾᪉ゝ࡜

ࡋ࡚ࡢࡲ࡜ࡲࡾࡶㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡀ዆⨾᪉ゝ࡜Ἀ⦖༡㒊᪉ゝࡢ࡝ࡕࡽ࡟ศᒓࡉࢀࡿ࠿ࡣ㸪

࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ゝㄒⓗ≉ᚩ࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡛Ỵࡲࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ୚ㄽ᪉ゝࡢ᪉ゝ༊⏬ୖࡢ

఩⨨ࡣ㸪ࡲࡉ࡟዆⨾᪉ゝ࡜Ἀ⦖༡㒊᪉ゝ࡜ࡢቃ⏺࡟࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ

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