Invest. 66 : 157-164, February, 2019
1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa Japan, 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa Japan, 3Department of Regional Respiratory Symptomatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa Japan
1. Smoking history (10 pack-years or more) or equivalent exposure to air pollution