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(2) F忌~DING s~~＿！＿I今~ AHanswersmustbeindicatedontheMARKSHEET. I Read t he following magazine art i c l e about the history of the book as a medium of. 。. comm_unication,andanswerthequestionsbelow. I ) My f i n g e r ss t r o k et h e vellum p a g e s ,w h i c h , made from c a l f s k i n,are smoother than p a p e r ,r i c h e r ,. almosto i l y _ The b l a c kp r i n ti sc r i呂p,and every L a t i ns e n t e n c e百 七a r t swith a l u s h red l e t t e r _ One o ft h e. 眠 ； toa passagetobe. book ’ se a r l yowners has drawn a hand andindexf i n g e rwhich p o i n 民 l i k e ailτ remembered. ③ I n4 4 B c ,t h el a s tyearo fh i sl i f o ,C i c e r o ,the Roman R e p u b l i c ’ sg r e a to r a t o r wrote abookf o rh i s son ラ. Marcusc a l l e dDeO f f i c i i s（ “ OnDutie s ”）• I tt o l dhimhowt ol i v eamorall i f e ,howt ob a l a n c er e c t i t u d ewith s e l f i n t e r e s t ,howt ohaveanimpactons o c i 均. Nota l lh i si d e a swe 児. 政. 山. O f f i c i i sd rawiτilieviews. o fv a r i o u s Greek p h i l o s o p h e r s whose works C i c e r oc o u l dc o n s u l ti nh i sl i b r a r y , most o fwhich have s i n c e 巴n l o s t .C i c e r o ' sw o r k s , however, r e m a i n . De 0庁7 ' . c i i s was read and s t u d i e d throughout t h er i s eo fthe be. Roman Empire and s u r v i v e di t s subsequent f a l l .I tshaped the thought o fRenaissance t h i n k e r sl i k e the 巴rt wo hundred y e a r sl a t e rd u r i n gt h e French Dutch s c h o l a r Erasm us e a r l yi n the s i x t e e n t hc e n t u r y ; ov. “Noonew i l le v e rw r i t eanyt hingmorewise ” 目 Enl i ghtenmenti twasani n s p i r a t i o nt oV o l t a i r e ,whos a i d：. む （ Thebook’ swordsthemselvess t a yt h e same t h eo b j e c tt h a tc o n t a i n s them, h o w e v e r ,has gonethrough ぅ ：. r e l e n t l e s st r a n s f o r m a t i o n s andr e i n c a r n a t i o n s .C i c e r op r o b a b l yd i c t a t e dDe Of i c i i st o hi sf r e e ds l a v e ,T i r o ,. r一 一 一 一一時 一. who c o p i e di t down on a s c r o l l made from papyrus r e e d . From t h i sf i r s ts c r o l lo t h e r hand-written c o p i e s. weremadei nt u r n .Withinafewc e n t u r i e ssomev e r s i o n sweret r a n s f e r r e dfroms c r o l l si n t oboundvolumes o fmanuscriptpages known a sc o d i c e s . A thousand y e a r sl a t e rmedieval monks m e t i c u l o u s l ymade c o p i e s , 4. s t i l lbyhandanda v e r a g i n go n l yafewpagesad a y .. 叫h c en も u r y , De O f f i c i i s was c o p i e dby a machine f o rt h ef i r s tt i m e . The l u x u r i o u s ( { ) Then, i nt h ef i f t e e. e d i t i o nnowi nmyhands d e l i g h t f u l l y ,andsu r p r i s i n g l y ,nog l o v e sa r eneededt ohandlei t ・i soneo ft h e ver yf i r s tsuch c o p i e s .I twasp r j n t e di nMainz, Germany, on a p r i n t i n gp r e s s ownedbyJohannF u s t , an ti sdated1 4 6 6 . e a r l yp a r t n e ro fJohannes G u t e n b e r g ,t h ep i o n e e ro fEuropeanp r i n t i n gI 町. 0 ) Morethan500years afteri twasp r i n t e d ,t h i sb e a u t i f u lvolumes i t sj nt h eHuntingtonL i b r a r yi n San M a r i n o ,C a l i f o r n i a ,i t s home s i n c e1 9 1 6 . Fewp h y s i c a lvolumes s u r v i v ef i v ec e n t u r i e s .T h i s one s h o u l dl a s t h a th o l d si tandt e n so fthousandso fo t h e rp r e c i o u sv o l u m e s , s e v e r a lmore. B u i l ti n1 9 5 1 ,thes t r o n g叩 omt 目. waso r i g i n a 1 1 ymeantt od o u b l ea sanuclear-bombs h e l t e r .. R. Althought h i sp a r t i c u l a rcopyo fDe O f f i c i i si sc a r e f u l l yhiddenaway,t h et e x ti t s e l fi sf r e e rthane v e r .. 巴c e n t l y ,apaperback I thasbeenp u b l i s h e di n I ni t sp r i n t e dformsi thasl o n gbeenahardbacka n d ,morer 白. a l ls o r t so fe d i t i o n s. a s a component o f a uniform l i b r a r ys e r i e s ,a sa c l a s s i cp i t c h e da t an a f f o r d a b l e. p r i c e ,a sa s c h o l a r l y , _annotatedt e x tt h a to n l yu n i v e r s i t i e sb u y .Andnowi ti sa v a i l a b l ei na l ls o r t so fnon民. −. p r i n t e df o r m s ,t o o . You can read i tf r e eo n l i n eo r download i ta s an e b o o ki nt h eo r i g i n a lL a t i n ,i n E n g l i s h ,andi nanynumbero fo t h e rt o n g u e s . ①. Many a r e worried about what such techno l ogy means f o rb o o k s , with b i g bookshops c l o 日i n g , new. r e a d i n gd e v i c e ss p r e a d i n g ,amateurauth o r sf l o o d i n gt h emarket,and ano n l i n el e v i a t h a nknown a sAmazon growing e v e r more p o w e r f u l .T h e i ra n x i e t i e s cannot simply be w r i t t e no f fas a r e a c t i o n a r yf e a ro fnew もa lr e v o l u t i o n may w e l lc hange the way t e c h n o l o g y . More than any development i nt h e i rh i s t o r y , the d i g i. books a r ew r i t t e n , s o l d , and read , and t h a t w i l l not be t o everyone ’ s a d v a n t a g e . Veterans and r e v o l u t i o n a r i e sa l i k emay g ob a n k r u p t ; Gutenbergh i m s e l fd i e dalmostp e n n i l e s s , havingl o s tc o n t r o lo fh i s t h e rc r e d i t o r s . p r e s sもoFustando. 5− ーー ー ーーー @ Butt os e et e c h n o l o g yp u r e l ya s at h r e a tt obooksr i s k smis s inga keyp o i n t . Books a r e notj u s t“ t r e e 目. f l a k e sencasedi ndeadc o w , "a st h e ywere mockinglyd e s c r i b e dtwentyy e a r sagobyMITp r o f e s s o rWilliam J .M i t c h e l l , a staunch advoca t eo fd i g i t a l i z a t i o n . They a r ea t e c h n o l o g yi nt h e i r ownr i g h t , one d e v e l o p e d 7− 一四ー ー−. and used f o rt h er e f i n e m e n t and advancement o ft h o u g h t . And t h i st e c h n o l o g yi sap o w e r f u l ,l o n gl i v e d , 四. anda d a p t a b l eo n e . Books l i k eDe O f f z c i i s havenotmerelys u r v i v e dh i s t o r y theyhavehelpedt o shape i t . ヲ ；. 2.
(3) The a b i l i t y they o f f e rt op r e s e r v e ,t r a n s mitフ andd e v e l o pi d e a s was taken 加 anothe rl e v e l by Gutenberg and h i sc o l l e a g u e日. Being a b l et o study p r i n t e dm a t e r i a la tt h e same time as o t h e r ss t u d i e di t and t o exchange i d e a s about i t sparked o f ft h eR e f o r m a t i o n ;i twas c e n t r a lt o the Enlightenment and t h er i s eo f 8. modern s c i e n c e . No a r myhas accomplished more than p r i nt e dt e x t b o o k s ; no p r i e s t has mattered as much. ’ sOnt h eO r i g i no fS p e c i e s ; nop r i n c ehas i n f l u e n c e dh e a r t s andminds a呂 mucha sthef i r s tf o l i o a s Darwin o fShakespeare ’ sp l a y s. ③ Booksreadi ne l e c t r o n i cformw i l lb o a s tt h e same powers and somenewones asw e l l . Thep r i v a t ej o y s o fthe book w i l lr e m a i n ; new p u b l i cp l e a s u r e sa r et he r et o be a d d e d . The p r i n t e d book i s an e x c e l l e n t e l l . means o f chann e l i n gi n f o r m a t i o n from w r i t e rt or e a d e r ;t h ee b o o k can send i n f o r m a t i o n back a日 w Teachers w i l l be a b l et ol e a r no fap u p i l ’ sp r o g r e s s and que s t i o n s ;p u b l i s h e r sw i l l be a b l et os e e which books a r e gulped down, which s i p p e ds l o w l y . Already r e a d e r s can s e e what o t h e rr e a d e r s have thought 9. worthy o fn o t e,and seekoutl i k e m i n d e dp e o p l ef o rf u r t h e rd i s c u s s i o no fwhattheyhave r e a d . Books w i l l e v o l v eo n l i n e and o f f , and the d e f i n i t i o no fwhat c o u n t sa s on ew i l l expand ;t h es e nse o ft h e book a sa 回， w i l le n d u r e . Peoplemaynol o n g e rt r yt o pass fundamental channel o fc u l t u r e ,f l o w i n gfromp a s tt of u t u. onwisdomt ot h e i rc h i l d r e nthrough s l a v e wr i t t e ns c r o l l s ,a sC i c e r od i di nD巴 O f f i c i i s .I t mayevenbet h a t V o l t a i r e was r i g h t,and t h a t no o n ew i l l wr i t e anything wise rthan what was s e t down o v e r 2000 year s a g o . Buti tw i l l notbef o r want o fe f f o r t ,o ro fo p p o r t u n i t y,o ro fan a u d i e n c eo ff u t u r er e a d e r s ready t o 抗 b e h i n d .Whati s仕1 ef u t u r eo ft h e book? I ti s much b r i g h t e rthanpe o p l e seekoutwisdomi nthebooksl e. 出i n k .. Thef u t u r eo ft h eb o o k , "T heE c o n o m i s t ,October1 1 , 201 4 ] [Adaptedfrom“ 目. ※ Web 公閣にあたり、著作権者の要請により出典追記しております。. ⑥. TheE c o n o m i s tNewspaperL i m i t e d,London( 1 1 / 0 c t / 2 0 1 4 ). (1) Choosethebestwaytocompl etethese se nt encesaboutParagrap hsC Dto@.. l InParagraphC Dthewriter. he writer 2 InParagraph② t. i t er 3 I n Paragraph③ thewr. 4 InParagra ph ( Dthewri t er. 5 InParagraph⑤ thewr i t e r. r 6 InParagra ph① thewrite. 7 InParagraph⑦ thewr i t er. 8 InParagraph@ t he write r. hewr i t e r 9 I n Paragraph① t A ar g u e st h a t , because they have r ea ched a much wider a u d i e n c e,the e v o l u t i o n a r yt h e o r i e so f Darwin have had a f a rg r e a t e r impact on i n t e l l e c t u a l development than t h e comedies and t r a g e d i e so fShakespe a r e . B c l a i m st h a tbooksw i l lc o n t i n u et obeimportantmediao fcommunication, because e l e c t r o n i c books both r e t a i nt h e power o fpaperbooks t o send i nf o r ma t i o n from producert o consumer, andhave t h e addedadvantag eo fa l l o w i n gi n f o r m a t i o nt of l o wi ntheo p p o s i t ed i r e c t io n C d e s c r i b e swhen andwh e r eC i c e r o ’ sDeO庁i c i i sf i r s tappeared asap r i n t e db o o k . D e mphasizes t h a t,o v e ri t sl o n gh i s t o r y ,t h ea d a p t a t i o n si nt h e format o ft h ep h y s i c a l book a l s o i n v o l v e d changesi nhowi d e a sweregenerated andc i r c u l a t e d . E e x p l a i n s wh e r e a book t h a ti s more than f i v e hundred y e a r so l d has been he l do v e r the l a s t c e n t u r y . F g i ve s an e x p l a n a t i o no f why many commentators f e a rt h a tt h ed i g i t a lr e v o l u t i o nw i l l have damaginge f f o c t sont h ep r o d u c t i o n ,d i s t r i b u t i o n , andconsumptiono fb o o k s . G i n t r o d u c e st h ec o n t e n to f a work d a t i n g from b e f o r e the C h r i s t i a ne r a ,c o v e r i n g both the c i r c u m s t a n c e si nwhichi twasi n i t i a l l yw r i t t e n andi t sl a t e ri n t e l l e c t u a li n f l u e n c e . H l i s t sthemajorformats ande d i t i o n s ,bothanalogand d i g i t a l ,i nwhichawo rkby ag r e a tRoman 巴 i n v e n t i o no fGutenberg ’ Bp r i n t i n gpre 日目 o r a t o rhasappeareds i n c et h I p r o v i d e s a per 呂o n a le v o c a t i o no fhow th epages o fa book produced i n the m i d f i f t e e n t hc e n t u r y f e e landl o o k . J r 句e c t sthe views ofa p r o f e s s o ra ta p r e s t i g o u s American u n i v e r s i t y who argues t h a te l e c t r o n i c booksarei n f e r i o rt op h y s i c a l booksi nbothp r a c t i c a l andi n t e l l e c t u a lt e rms. K runs o v e rt h e di f f e r e n t ph ys i c a l forms i n which a work by a Roman o r a t o r appeared duringt h e f i r s tthousandyear sandmorea f t e ri twas composed. L s u g g e s t st h a tt r a n s l a t i o n so fC i ce r o ’ sDe Oj i c i i si n t o Eng l i s h and o t h e r modern languages have ei nt h eo r i g i n a lv e r s i o ni nc l a s s i c a lL a t i n . badl yd i s t o r t e dth巴 argumentmad 目. 3 一一.
(4) (2) Choose 出 e FIVE statements be l ow which D O NOT agree with what i s written in the a r t i c l e .YoumustNOTchoosemorethanFIVEstatements. A Because t h e copy o fC i c e r o ’ s De O f f i c i i sh e l di nt h e Huntington L i b r a r yi so v e rf i v e hundred y e a r so l d ,i tcannotbehandledwithoutusingg l o v e s B C i c e r od i e dnotlonga f t e rw r i t i n gDeO f f i c i i sf o rt h ebene 五to fh i 呂 田o nMarcus C C i c e r o ’ sDeO f f i c i i s wasf i r s tw r i t t e ndowni nb l a c kandr e dinkona s c r o l lo fsmoothc a l f s k i nby oneo ft h ea u t h o r ’ sl i t e r a t es l a v e s D C i c e r o ’ sDe O f f i c i i s was o r i g i n a l l ycomposedi nLatinthoughi tmakesuse o fa numbero fGreek s o u r c e s . E D e s p i t e b巴i n gt h ep i o n e e ro fp r i n t i n gi nE u r o p e , Johannes Gutenberg accumulated a number o f d e b t sandd i e dapoorman. F Erasmusi smentionedi nthea r t i c l ea s aRenaissancet h i n k e ri n f l u e n c e di nt h e 1500sbyC i c e r o ’ s De0背i c i i s . G Thee a r l i e s tc o p i e so fC i c e r o ' sDeO庁i c i i s weres t o r e di ns c r o l l sr a t h e rthanboundvolumes. H The f i r s t mechanical r e p r o d u c t i o n s o fC i c e r o ’ s De O' f i c i i s were c r e a t e di n Mainz by two p i o n e e r i n gp r i n t e r si np a r t n e r s h i p ,JohannesGutenbergandh i sb r o t h e r . I Thehandp o i n t i n gtowards apassageo ft e x twasdrawnbyane a r l yownero ft h ef i r s tmedieval manuscriptv e r s i o no fC i c e r o ’ sDeO f f i c i i s . J The H untington L i b r a r yhasheld a copyo ft h ef i r s tp r i n t e de d i t i o no fC i c e r o ’ sDe 0庁i c i i ss i n c 巴 WorldWarI ,buthasonlykepti ti ni t sc u r r e n ts e c u r el o c a t i o ns i n c ea f t e rWorldWarI I . K The phrase “ もE巴e f l a k e s encased i n dead cow， ＇ ’ a t t a c k i n g the p h y s i c a ll i m i t a t i o n so fbooks a sa mediumo fcommunica も i o n ,waspennedbyC h a r l e sDarwini nt h el a t en i n e t e e n t hc e n t u r y . L V o l t a i r ei s mentioned i nt h ea r t i c l ea s a FrenchEnlightenmen もt h i n k e ri n f l u e n c e di nt h e 1700s byCi c e r o ' sDeO f f i c i i s (3) Choosethebestwaytocomp l ete each ofthese sentences, whichrefer totheunderlined wordsinthepassage. 1 H e r e ,l u s hs u g g e s t st h a tt h ec o l o ro fthep r i n t e dl e t t e r 日 i s C r i c h . A d i r t y . B f a d i n g . D s t a r t l i n g . E u npleasant 2 H e r e ,r e c t i 七 uder e f e r st ob e h a v i o rt h a ti s A a r b i も r a r y . B i n s t i n c t i v e . C s e l f i s h . t h o u g h t l e s s . E v i r t u o u s . 3 H e r e ,r e l e n t l e s smeanswithoutany A a u t h o r i t y B b r e a k . C compromise. D meaning. E p u r p o s e . 4 H e r e ,m e t i c u l o u s l ys u g g e s t st h a tt h emonksworked A a tg r e a tc o s t . B a tg r e a ts p e e d . C underg r e a tp r e s s u r e . D withg r e a tc a r e E w ithg r e a t回 目mony. 5 H e r e ,annotatedi n d i c a t e st h a tt h ee d i t i o n si n c l u d e A a mples p a c e . B c o l o r e di l l u s t r a t i o ns . C f 旨e quentu p d a t i n g . D m u l t i p l ee r r o r s . E s p e c i a l i s tcommentary. 6 Her e ,c r e d i t o r smeanst h o s et owhomsomeoneowes A g r a t i t u d e . B l o y a l t y . C money. E r e s p e c t . D o b e d i e n c e . 7 H e r e ,staunchmeans A i g n o r a n t . B o c c a s i o n a l . C o l d . D uncompromising. E u n r e l i a b l e . 8 H e r e ,sparkedo 釘 means A a b r i d g e d . B a s s i s t e d . C d i v e r t e d . D i n i t i a t e d . E p r e v e n t e d . 9 H e r e ,g u l p e ddowns u g g e s t st h a tbooksa r ereadwithg r e a も A c a r e . B c a r e l e s s n e s s . C r a p i d i t y . D r e g u l a r i t y . E s t u p i d i t y . (4) Choosethemostappropriatealternativet i t l e forthea r t i c l efromthel i s tbelow. A Froma n c i e n t加 modern B FromAthenst oC a l i f o r n i a C FromErasmust oDarwin D FromGutenburgt oGoogle E Fromp apyrust op i x e l s 目. 目. 目. 。. 目. 目. 4.
(5) I Readthefollowingpassage,whichi stheopeningchapterofanAmericanmysterynovels e tin C a l i f o r n i a ,andanswerthe questionsbelow.Thef i r s tpersonnarratorofthestoryi s thepri vate 同. detectiveLewArcher. I t was a Wednesday a f t e r n o o n and I was f l y i n g home from Mazatlan on the Mexican west c o a s t . As we approached Los A n g e l e s , the Mexicana plane dropped low o v e r the sea and I caughtmyf i r s tglimpseo ftheo i ls p i l l . I tl a yont h eb l u ewatero f fP a c i f i cPointi na f r e e f o r ms l i c kt h a t seemed m i l e s wide and many m i l e sl o n g . An o f f s h o r eo i lp l a t f o r ms t o o d up o u t o fi t s windward end l i k e the metal handle o fa dagger t h a t had stabbed t h e world and made i t s p i l lb l a c kb l o o d . The Mexican f l i g h ta t t e n d a n t came a l o n g the も wew ere ready t ol a n d .I a i s l e , makingsure tha. I made my way down on f o o tt o the p u b l i c beach and a l o n gi tt o the sandy p o i n t which p a r t l ye n c l o s e d the h a r b o r . A few p e o p l e , mostly womenandg i r l s ,weres t a n d i n ga tt h eedgeo ft h e w a t e r ,f a c i n g out t os e a . They l o o k e da si fthey werew a i t i n gf o rt h eendo fthew o r l d ,o rasi fthe endhadcomeandtheywouldnevermovea g a i n . The s u r f was r i s i n gs l u g g i s h l y . A blackened 3− 回目ーーー・−一司. b i r dwith a sharp beakwas s t r u g g l i n gi ni t . The b i r d had o r a n g e r e de y e s , which seemed t o be burningwith a n g e r , buti twas s of o u l e d with o i l も Id i d ぜtr e c o g n i z ei tasa swang r e b e . t h a ta tf i r s A woman i n a white s h i r t and s l a c k s waded. She blew o u t asked him what had happened. “ ”He leaned across me and looked down Monday.. i nt h i g h d e e p and p i c k e di tu p ,h o l d i n gi t s head. She ’ s worse today than she was p a s t the w i n g .“ e ' l l be y e s t e r d a y . Fasten your s e a tb e l t ,s e n o r W. came back toward me t h a t she was a handsome. 目. l a n d i n gi nf i v em i n u t e s . " 巴 Iboughtapapera tI n t e r n a t i o n a lA i r p o r t .Th o i ls p i l l was 企o n t p a g e news. A v i c e p r e s i d e n to f t h eo i l companyt h a townedt h eo f f s h o r ep l a t f o r m ,. a man named Jack Lennox, p r e d i c t e dt h a tt h e s p i l lwouldbe c o n t r o l l e dw i t h i nt w e n t y f o u rh o u r s . JackLennoxwasa g o o d l o o k i n gman,i fyouc o u l d judge by h i sp i c t u r e , but t h e r e was no way t o. s ot h a ti t wouldn ’ t peck h e r . Ic o u l ds e e as she 七 h dark e y e sa s angry a s the young woman wi ’ s . Her narrow f e e tl e f t b e a u t i f u l l y shaped b i r d. p r i n t si nt h ewets a n d . I asked her what she was g o i n g 印 do with theg r e b e . “ Takei thomeandc l e a ni t . ” “ I tp r o b a b l ywon'tsu 円 i v e ,I ’ m a f r a i d” No,butmaybeIw i l l .” “. Shewalkedaway,h o l d i n gtheb l a c ks t r u g g l i n g. knowwhetherhewast e l l i n gt h et r u t h .. t h i n ga g a i n s t her white s h i r t . I walked a l o n g. P a c i f i cPointwas oneo fmyf a v o r i t ep l a c e son t h ec o a s t . As Imade my way out t o my c a ri n the a i r p o r t parking l o t , the o i ls p i l lt h r e a t e n i n g. behind i n her e l e g a n t f o o t p r i n t s . She became awareo ft h i s ,andturnedt of a c eme.. ’ s beaches f l o a t e dl i k e a storm c l o u dj u s t t h ec i t y. “ Is h o u l d a p o l o g i z e . Id i d r ピt mean t o be. d i s c o u r a g i n g .” “ F o r g e ti t , " she s a i d， “I t ’ st r u e not many l i v e ’ ve been o i l e d . But Isaved some i nt h e o n c e they. o v e rtheh o r i z o no fmymind. ＊. ＊. ＊. ＊. “ Whatdoyouwant ” ？. ＊. ” SantaBarbaras p i l l .. I n s t e a do fd r i v i n ghome t oWest Los A n g e l e s , I turned south along the c o a s tt oP a c i f i cP o i n t .. “ Youmustbeq u i t eab i r de x p e r t . " “ I ’ m g e t t i n g七 o be one i ns e l f 二d e f e n s e . My. ThesunwaslowwhenIg o tt h e r e . Fromt h eh i l l above t h eh a r b o r , Ic o u l ds e e the enormous s l i c k. f a m i l yi si nt h eo i lb u s i n e s s . " She g e s t u r e d with her head toward t h e. s p r e a d i n gl i k eprematuren i g h ta c r o s st h es e a .. a t f o r m . Then 山 turned and l e f t me o f f s h o r e l a b r u p t l y . I s t o o d and watched her hurrying. At i t sn e a r e s ti t was perhaps a thousand yards o u t ,w e l l beyond t h e dark brown k e l p beds f f s h o r e . which formed a n a t u r a l b a r r i e r1 o. も. southward a l o n g the b e a c h ,h o l d i n gt h e damaged 巴 h erc h i l d . g r e b ea si fi twer. Workboats were moving back and f o r t h ,s p r a y i n g. If o l l o w e d her a sf a ra st h e whar f which. t h e edges o ft h es p i l l with c h e m i c a l s . They were. formedthe southernboundary o ft h eh a r b o r . One o ft h eworkboatshadopenedt h eboomandl e tt h e o t h e rb o a t si n . They were coming a l o n g s i d et h e. the o n l yb o a t s Ic o u l ds e e on t h ew a t e r . A white p l a s t i c boom was s t r u n g a c r o s s the harbor e n t r a n c 6 , and g u l l st h a tl o o k e dl i k e white p l a s t i c. wharfandt y i n gu p . e l l Thewind had changed, and Ibegant o 呂m. w h i r l e dabovei t .. 5.
(6) t h ef l o a t i n go i l .I tsmelledl i k esomethingt h a t had. c l o s e d the b l i n d rams o v e rh e r , and they thought. d i e dbutwouldnevergo away.. she was shutdown. The mainh o l e was. But then she s t a r t e dt ob o i l up throughthew a t e r , gas and. ＊. ＊. ＊. ＊. ＊. o i lemulsiona l laroundthep l a t f o r m . " "Yousoundl i k e ane y e w i t n e s s .”. There was a r e s t a u r a n t on the wharf,. The young man b l i n k e d and nodded. “ That I. d i s p l a y i n g on i t sr o o f a neon s i g n which s p e l l e d. was.I took a r e p o r t e r out t h e r ei n my boat. . -. ou t“ B l a n c h e ' s Seafood Iwas hungry, and went. man from t h el o c a l paper named Wilbur Cox.. t h a t way. On the f a r s i d e o f the sprawling. They were evacuating t h e platform when we g o t. r e s t a u r a n tb u i l d i n g ，七he wharf was. t h e r e ,thef i r ehazardwass ob a d .”. 目刀. ニ. c o . Jz τ z. 司. ’ −. chemical drums, machinery, s t a c k s o f o i l w e l l. “ A工1 yl i v e sl o s t ” ？. c a s i n g s . Men were d e b a r k i ng from t h e workboats. “ No, s i r . That ’ st h e one good t h i n g about i t .”. a ta landings t a g e . I went up t o an aging l a bo r e r with a s u n cracked f a c e under a r e d hard h a t . I asked him whatt h es i t u a t i o nwas.. He squinted a t me through h i sh a i r .“ Would you r ” ？ be. 仁 ； ； ； ： ： ；. “ No. I'm j u s t i n t e r e s t e d .. 羽なmt c aused t h 巴. b l o w o u t , doyouknow ” ？. “ We a i n ’ t supposed t o t a l k about i t . The companyd o e st h et a l k i n g ” 目. “ T h e r e ' sq u i t e a few d i f f e r e n ts t o r i e sf l o a t i n g a r o u n d . Inadequate c a s i n gi s one o f them. But. “ Lennox?" “ Iguesst h a t ’ st h e i rname.”. t h e r e ' s something t h e matter with t h e s e abed. Ab u r l yforeman i n t e r v e n e d . He had black o i l. l i k et r y i n gt o make a c l e a nh o l ei nap i e c eo f. downt h e r e . The s t r u c t u r e sa r ea l l broken u p .I t ’ s. on h i sc l o t h e s , and h i sh i g h h e e l e d Western b o o t s. cake and hold water i ni t . They should never. W 巴r esoakedwithi t .. havet r i e dt od r i l loutt h e r e .”. “ You仕omt h e media ” ？. The o i l men from the workboats went b y ,. “ No. I ’ mj u s tac i t i z e n . ". s t r a g g l i n gl i k et h e remnants o fa d e f e a t e d army.. Helookedmeovers u s p i c i o u s l y .“ Local ” ？ “ L. A . " “ You ’ r en o tsupposedt obeouth e r e . ". t e e t hgleamingi nh i sb e a r d . Theyreturnedp i t y i n g. The 五sherman ga~e them an i r o n i c sa l u t e ,h i s. He6nudged me with h i s b e l l y . The men. l o o k s , a s i f he was a madman who didn ’ t understandwhatwas i m p o r t a n t .. around him becam 巴 s uddenly s t i l l . They looked rough and t i r e d and d i s a p p o i n t e d , ready t o take. ＊. ＊. ＊. ＊. ＊. t h e i rrevenge onanythingthatmoved. I went back toward t h er e s t a u r a n t . A man who l o o k e dl i k e a fisherman was waiting j u s t. Iwenti n t ot h er e s t a u r a n t . Therewere e x c i t e d v o i c e si nthe barbutthe d i n i n groomwas almost. around t h e c o r n e r o f the b u i l d i n g . Under h i s. t was done i n a kind o f landbound d e s e r t e d .I. r i b b e d wool c a p , h i sf a c e was youngeyed an 【 I. n a u t i c a ls t y l e , with p o r t h o l 巴si nstead o f wi ndows.. h a i r y .. Imade t h e mistake o fo r d e r i n gf i s h .I tseemed t o. “ Don ’ tmesswiththem ” ， he s a i d . “ Iwas ぜtp lanningt o .” “ Halfo fthem came from T e x a s , inland T e x a s . Theythinkwateri s a nuisance because theycan ’ t. t a s t eo fo i l andIl e f tmydinnerh a l fe a t e n .. 回. s e l li tf o r two o rt h r e ed o l l a r sab a r r e l .A l l they c a r e about i s the o i lt h e y ' r el o s i n g . They d o n ' t g i v e a damn aboutthet h i n g s tha もl i v ei nt h es e a o rt h ep e o p l et h a tl i v ei nt h etown.”. “ I st h eo i ls t i l lrunning ” ？ “ Sure i ti s . They thought they had i tc l o s e d down Monday t h e day she b l e w .B e f o r et h a t she ラ. was r o a r i n g w i l d , with d r i l l i n g mud and hydrocarbon mist s h o o t i n g a hundred f e e ti n the a i r . They dropped t h es t r i n gi n the h o l e and. 6. [Adap tedfromRo 呂sM acdonald,. S l e e p i n gBe αu t y( 1973) ,c h .1 ] ※ Web 公開にあたり、著作権者の要請により出典追記しております。. E x c e r p tf r o mSLEEPINGBEAUTYb yR o s sM a c d o n a l d , o s sM a c d o n a l d . c o p y r i g h t⑥ 1973byR n o p f , U s e dbyp e r m i s s i o no fA l f r e dA. K ani m p r i n to ft h eK n o p fD o u b l e d a y P u b l i s h i n gG r o u p ,ad i v i s i o no f P e n g u i nRandomHouseL L C . g h t sr 白 e r v e d A l l「i 目.
(7) (1) Choose the one way to complete each of these sentences that DOES NOT agree with whati swritteninthepassage. Then a r r a t o r A i st r a v e l l i n gbackfromM e x i c o . B l i v e st othenortho fLosA n g e l e s .. h eparkingl o ta tI n t e r n a t i o n a lA i r p o r t . C p i c k suph i sc a r仕omt D t r a v e l ssouthbyc a r仕omthea i r p o r tt oP a c i f i cP o i n t . E w alksdownfromtheh i l labovet h eharbort ot h ep u b l i cbeach 目. 2 Th巴 plane A f l i e sfromMazatlant oLosA n g e l e s . B f l i e sonaWednesdaya f t e r n o o n .. C f l i e slowo v e rt h eseaasi tapproachesi t sd e s t i n a t i o n . D hasaMexicanf l i g h ta t t e n d a n tonboardwhowasa l s oont h ef l i g h tt h ep r e v i o u 日 d a y . E i sownedbyAmericanA i r l i n e swhichhasi t sheadquartersi nT e x a s .. 3 Theo i ls p i l l A b e g i n sonaMondayandhass t i l lnotbeenc o n t a i n e dbytheWednesday. B c a u s e so i lt of o u lt h ebeachessoutho fLosAngelesw i t h i n24h o u r s .. C i scausedbyablowouta tano f f s h o r eo i lp l a t f o r m . D o c c u r so f ft h ec o a s to fC a l i f o r n i anearP a c i 五cP o i n t 白. E r e s u l t si nano i ls l i c kt h a tappearsmanym i l e sl o n g .. 4 Then a r r a t o r A askst h ef l i g h 七a t t e n d a n tabouttheo i ls p i l l . B buysa newspapera tt h ea i r p o r tandr e a d s aboutt h eo i ls p i l l .. C d i s c u s s e st h eo i ls p i l lwithal o c a lnewspaperr e p o r t e rnamedWilburC o x . D makesane f f o r tt ot a l kt oano i lmanfromoneo ft h eworkboatsabouttheo i ls p i l l . E q u e s t i o n sayoungmanwhoi saneyew i t n e s saboutt h eo i ls p i l l .. 5 Thewomanonthebeach A b e l o n g st oa f a m i l yi n v o l v e di ntheo i li n d u s t r y . B i swearingawhites h i r tandawhites k i r t .. C p i c k supab i r dt h a ti sc o v e r e di no i li no r d e rt otakei thomet oc l e a ni t . D s avedsomeo t h e ro i l e db i r d 呂 o nt h eo c c a s i o no fap r e v i o u ss p i l l . E w alksa l o n gt h ebeacht ot h ewharfa f t e rl e a 札 ngt h en a r r a t o r .. 6 Themanwhol o o k sl i k eafisherman A approachesthen a r r a t o rt owarnhimn o tt ohaveanythingt odowiththeo i lmen. B hasabeardandl o n gh a i r . C hasar i b b e dcapmadeo fw o o l . D i sd i s g u s t e dt h a tmosto ft h eo i lmenarel o c a lp e o p l e . E wen もo u tt ot h eo i lp l a t f o r mwithaj o u r n a l i s ti nh i sownboat印 s e ewhatwashappening. 7 Themanwhol o o k sl i k eafishermans a y st h a t. A manyp e o p l ed i e dwhent h eo i lp l a t f o r mcaughtf i r e . B t h eo i lmendonotc a r eaboutt h el o c a le n v i r o n m e n t .. C t h eo i lment r i e du n s u c c e s s f u l l yt oc l o s edownthes p i l lont h edayt h a ti ts t a r t e d . D t h eo i lp l a t f o r mi ss i t u a t e di nanareawheretheseabedi su n s u i t a b l ef o rd r i l l i n g 目. E t h eo n l yt h i r 】gt heo i lmenc a r eabouti smakingmoney 目. 8 Ther e s t a u r a n t A hasaneons i g nd i s p l a y e doni t sr o o f . B hass e v e r a lcustomersi nthebarthought h ed i n i n ga r e ai salmostempty. C i sownedbyano l dwomannamedBlancheLennox D i ss i t u a t e dont h ewharfa tt h esouthernendo ft h eharbora tP a c i f i cP o i n t . E. s e r v e s五shando t h e rs e a f o o d .. 7.
(8) 9 Then a r r a t o rt h i n k st h a t A i twasane r r o rt oo r d e rf i s ha tt h er e s t a u r a n tont h ew h a r f .. B P a c i f i cPointwasn o taveryp l e a s a n tp l a c eevenb e f o r et h eo i ls p i l l . r e s i d e n to ft h e company r e s p o n s i b l ef o rt h eo i lp l a t f o r m might not be t e l l i n gt h e C t h ev i c ep 曲. t r u t h . D t h ewomanont h ebeachc a r r i e st h eo i l e db i r da si fi twereherb a b y . E t h ewomanont h ebeachi sb e a u t i f u li nhera n g e r .. 1 0 Then a r r a t o rmakesacompari 自o nbetween A. thes m e l lo ft h ef l o a t i n go i landt h a to fdeathandd e c a y .. B thes p i l l e do i landb l o o df l o w i n gfromagunshotwound. C thes p r e a d i n go fthedarko i ls l i c kandt h ee a r l ycomingo fn i g h t . D thet h r e a tt othec i t y ' sbeachesfromt h eo i ls p i l landadarkc l o u da p p r o a c h i n g . E t h o s es t a n d i n gont h ebeachl o o k i n goutt oseaandp e o p l ee x p e c t i n gtheendo ft h ew o r l d .. (2) Choose the FIVE statements below which AGREE with what i s written in the passage. YoumustNOTchoosemorethanFIVEstatements. A A ccording t o the man who l o o k sl i k e af i s h e r m a n , the mo 邑tl i k e l y cause o ft h eo i lp l a t f o r m. blowouti st h a tt h ecompanywasemployingi n a d e q u a t ec a s i n g . hea i r p o r t ,JackLennox, a v i c e B A c c o r d i n gt ot h ep i c t u r ei nthenewspapert h en a r r a t o rbuysa t七 p r e s i d e n to ft h ecompanyowningt h eo i lp l a t f o r m ,hasanuglyf a c e 守. C Both the n a r r a t o r出1 d the woman he meets on t h e beach a g r e et h a tb i r d st h a t have been 引 v i v ei ft r e a t e dq u i c k l y . c o v e r e di no i la r el i k e l yt os u 1. D Bythe time t h en a r r a t o rhas d r i v e n alongthe c o a s t anda r r i v e da tP a c i f i cP o i n t ,i ti sa l r e a d y towarde v e n i n g . E Fromt heh i l labovet h eharbora tP a c i f i cP o i n t ,t h en a r r a t o rcans e e七 ha もt h eo i ls l i c ki so n l ya. c o u p l eo fhundredyardsawayfromt h ebeachi t s e l 王 F Groupso fo i lcompanyment r yt od i s p e r s ethe s p i l l e do i lbys p r a y i n gc h e m i c a l sont h e edges o f. thes l i c kfromw o r k b o a t s . G Mosto fthep e o p l el o o k i n gouttowardtheo i ls p i l lfromt h ew a t e r ' sedge onthep u b l i cbeach a t P a c i f i cP o i n ta r eo i lcompanye m p l o y e e s . ト i. Theforemanwhot r i e st os t o pt h en a r r a t o raskingq u e s t i o n saboutthe a c c i d e n ti st a l lands l i m andhaso i la l lo v e rh i sc l o t h e sandb o o t s 目. I Then a r r a t o rf i r s tbecomes aware o ftheo i ls p i l lwhenhes e e stheg i a n ts l i c konthewaterfrom theplanea si tt a k e so f ffromLosA n g e l e s . J Theo i l e db i r dwhichthewom む 1t r i e st or e s c u ei saswang r e b ewitha sharpbeakandrede y e s .. K Theo l dl a b o r e rdebarking仕omoneo ft h eo i lcompanyworkboatsi ssunburned andwears ared p r o t e c t i v eh e l m e t . し Thewindowsi nt h er e s t a u r a n tont h ewharfa r en o tc o n v e n t i o n a lo n e s , butroundands m a l ll i k e t h o s ei nthes i d eo fa s h i p . M. The woman swims out some d i s t a n c e from the s h o r ei no r d e rt og e th o l do ft h eb i r dt h a ti s c o v e r e di no i l .. 8一 一一.
(9) (3) Choosethebestwayto completeeach ofthese sentences, based ontheme 担 1 ingofthe underlinedwords/phrasesinthepassage. 巴 ， k elpr e f e r st oakindo f 1 H巴r. A b o a t .. B b u i l d i n g. D seaweed.. E weapon. C r o c k .. 目. 2 H e r e ,boomr e f e r st oa A commercials i g n .. B f l o a t i n gb a r r i e r .. D s m a l ls e a b i r d .. E t r i a n g u l a rf l a g .. C l o u dnmse.. 3 H e r e ,s l u g g i s h l ys u g g e s t st h a tther i s i ngo ft h es u r fwas A f a s tandf u r i o u s .. B highandm i g h t y .. t . D lowand自a. E slowandheavy. C l o u dandl o n g .. 目. 4 H e r e ,g e s t u r e dwithherheadmeanst h a tthewomani n t e n d e dt o A a g r e e .. B d i s a g r e e .. D e x p r e s sd o u b t .. E i n d i c a t es o m e t h i n g .. C e x p r e s sa n g e r .. もb u i l d i n gwas 5 H e r e ,s p r a w l i n gs u g g e s t st h a tt h er e s t a u r a n. A c l o s e du p .. B f a l l i n gdown.. D o l dandd i r t y .. E spreado v e rawidea r e a .. C newa ndc l e a n .. B p u l l e d .. C p u s h e d .. E s t r o k e d 目. a u. n a e m 時. M. H U E ふEU. 四唱−. E. U m 一 u −ο. V. c − da 一 一 口b. H. 勺／. m 叩 em n m﹁a− m − m dud − ・. ADA. 6 H e r e ,nudgedme 組自. D removingp e o p l e .. B i n t r o d u c i n gp e o p l e .. C p u t t i n gsomethingu p .. E t a k i n gsomethingdown.. 8 Here, s q u i n t e ds u g g e s t st h a tthemanl o o k e da tt h en a r r a t o r A a c c u s i n g l y .. B a n g r i l y .. D s p e c u l a t i v e l y .. E s t u p i d l y .. C h o p e l e s s l y .. 9 Here,remnantsr e f e r st ot h o s ewhohave A d i e d .. 七 t e n . B f o r g o. D s u r v i v e d .. E won.. a v. C g i v e nu p ..
(10) ふAMMAR/EXPR. 郎. 心E 円証. 10. A l lanswers mustbeindicatedontheMARKSHEET. i l F i l l each of the numbered gaps in the following dialogues with phrases f r ゅm. correspondingl i s tbel o w. S e l e c ttheonethatDOESNO Tf i tineachc a s e .. ※との問題は、著作権の関係により掲載ができません。. 1 0. the.
(11) 里両日ー｝白巾~ All answers must be written clearly withi n the boxes provided on the ANSWER. SHEET. W Readthefollowingpassageandbrieflysummar i zethemainpoi ntsinJAPANESE. a Japanese n a t i o n a l having f o r e i g nn a t i o n a l i も y A r t i c l e 14 o fJ a p a n ' sN a t i o n a l i t y Act s t i p u l a t e st h a t“ s h a l lc h o o s ee i t h e ro fthen a t i o n a l i t i e sb e f o r e he o r she r e a c h e s 22 y e a r so fa g e .” There a r e two ways i n 巴s en a t i o n a l with c i t i z e n s h i pi n another c o u n t r ycan s e l e c t Japanese c i t i z e n s h i p . One i st o which a Japan. takethen e c e s s a r ymeasures t or 巴n ouncef o r e i g nc i t i z e n s h i p ,a n d ,i fp r o o fo fr e n u n c i a t i o n canbe o b t a i n e d from t h eo t h e rc o u n t r y ,t o submit t h a t along with a d e c l a r a t i o no fl o s so ff o r e i g nn a t i o n a l i t yt ot h e もb eo b t a i n e d ,submissiono fa a p p r o p r i a t ea d m i n i s t r a t i v eo f f i c e .Int h ec a s et h a tp r o o fo fr e n u n c i a t i o ncanno. d e c l a r a t i o nt h a t the person c h o o s e st o be a Japanese n a t i o n a l and renounces t h ef o r e i g nn a t i o n a l i t yi s c o n s i d e r e df u l f i l l m e n to ft h eo b l i g a t i o nt os e l e c t one n a t i o n a l i t y , though t h e person i nq u e s t i o ni ss t i l l r enotc a r r i e d o b l i g a t e dt omakee f f o r t st oo f f i c i a l l ye l i m i n a t et h eo t h e rn a t i o n a l i t y .Andi f邑uchmeasures a out by a Japanese n a t i o n a l withf o r e i g nn a t i o n a l i t yby age 22フ a c c o r d i n gt oA r t i c l e1 5o fthe N a t i o n a l i t y Law t h eM i n i s t e ro fJ u s t i c e may i s s u e aw r i t t e nn o t i c e demanding t h a t they s e l e c tan a t i o n a l i t y .I ti s t owhomt h en o t i c ehasbeens e n ts h a l ll o s eJapanesen a t i o n a l i t ya tthee x p i r a t i o n s t a t e dt h a ttheperson“ o fone month a f t e rt h e dayhe o r 邑her e c e i v e st h en o t i c e ,u n l e s s he o r she c h o o s e s Japane 日e n a t i o n a l i t y w i t h i nsuchap e r 、 i o d . However,t h e r ehavebeennoc a s e si nwhicht h i shashappened. This a p p e a r st obet i e dt ot h ef a c tt h a tc i t i z e n s h i pi shandledona s e l f r e p o r t e db a s i s AtsushiKondo, 町. ap r o f e s s o ra tMeijoU n i v e r s i t ywhoi sw e l l v e r s e di nt h eN a t i o n a l i t yLaw,e x p l a i n s : nothave a r e l i a b l er e c o r do fwhich p e o p l e have d u a lc i t i z e n s h i p . Under c i r c u m s t an c e si n which a c c u r a t e 巴r mined, imposingp e n a l t i e so rf o r c i n g only t h o s ep e o p l et h 巴y k now t o have d u a l numbers cannot be d e t. y c i t i z e n s h i pt os e l e c t one would be u n f a i r . There a r ea l s oc o u n t r i e s , such a sB r a z i l , which make i t v巴r d i 伍c u l tf o rt h e i rc i t i z e n st orenouncec i t i z e n s h i p .T h a t ' s whyt h e implementation o ft h eNat i o n a l i t yActi s ＇ M o r e o v e r ,i ti se s t i m a t e dt h a to n l y around ten p e r c e n to fthe c i t i z e n s concerned comply with f l e x i b l e .’. A r t i c l e 14on a v o l u n t a r yb a s i s . Thus t h eg e n e r a lr u l et h a ta d u l t Japanesen a t i o n a l s should not r e t a i na E巴c ondn a t i o n a l i t yhasbecomel i t t l emorethanaf i c t i o n .. I si ttimef o rJapant ol e g a l l yr e c o g n i z edualc i t i z e n s h i p ” ？ [Adaptedfrom“. TheMαi n i c h i( October1 6 ,2016) ] V Qualitiesl i k ementa lfocusanddexterityareveryimportantinsomespor 臼. T hishasledsome peopleto propose th atplayingvideo games shouldberecognized as an Olympic s p o r t . Write a paragraphinENGLISHgivingyourownopinionont h i sproposal,wi th appropriatereasonsand examples.. （以下余白〕. ー. 1 1. 今 日 ー.
(12) λ験. F. 角I （ 符はすべて黒鉛祭 （ H B） またはシャープペンシノレ (RB）で記入すること。. 日. 万. 千 一. 百. 番号. 記述解答用紙. < 2 0 1 8H30121l21>. < 2 018H30121121> 受験番号. UH. 一 −. 五日. ご 一 ＝. 英. 氏. 氏. 名. 名. （ 注 意） 所定f 間以外に受験番手号一・氏名を 記入してはならない。記入した 解答用紙は採点の対象外となる 場合がある。. （ 注 意） 所定欄以外に受験番号ー氏名を 記入してはな らなし、記入した 解 答} t J紙は採点の対象外となる 場合がある c. 日本語で. 日. 日. i nE n g l i s h. 日.
(13)
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