୰ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ⏕ᡂࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ୍⪃ᐹ
̿᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚̿
᱇ 㞹
͊࠙せ᪨ࠚᮏ✏ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ ࡾࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ᪥ ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊ୰ᅜ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࢆᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ࡋ࡚ಁ㡢ධ ኌ㡩ᑿ㛵ࡍࡿ㘓㡢ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࢆ⪃ᐹࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ ࡣධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᖸ΅ࢆཷࡅࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢 ྠᵝࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ⏝ࡋࠊ≉ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࢆఙࡤࡋࡓ≉ᚩⓗ࡞Ⓨ㡢ࢆࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ ࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓ*ࠋ ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸ಁ㡢ㄒࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࠊ㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩࠊᏊ㡢㛗ࠊẕ㡢㛗
1
㸬ࡣࡌࡵ
᪥ᮏㄒࡢಁ㡢ࡣⓎ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿ᜥࡀワࡲࡿ࠸࠺⫈ぬ༳㇟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ୰ᅜࡢ᪉ゝ࡛࠶ࡿᗈᮾㄒࡶࠊ 㢮ఝࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠕࡘࡲࡿ㡢ࠖࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡤࢀࡿ㡢⠇ᮎᏊ㡢࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୧⪅ࡢ㢮ఝᛶ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡍ࡛ඛ⾜◊✲ࡼࡗ࡚ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮤ 2014 ࡣධኌ㡩ᑿ㛵ࡍࡿ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪ ᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ㧗࠸ẚ⋡࡛ධኌ㡩ᑿࢆಁ㡢ࡔㄆ㆑ࡍࡿ࠸࠺⤖ᯝࢆᚓࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊ ࡇࡢ୧⪅ࡢ㢮ఝᛶࡽࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀಁ㡢ࢆㄪ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿ẕㄒࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠾ࡾࠊධኌ㡩ᑿ ࢆᡭࡀࡾࡋ࡚ಁ㡢ࡢࠕࡘࡲࡿ㡢ࠖ࠸࠺≉ᚩࢆᐜ᫆ᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠊᙇ 2011 ࡣ㏙࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᙳ㡪ࡀཎᅉ࡛ࠊẕㄒࡀᗈᮾㄒࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡀಁ㡢ㄒࢆⓎ 㡢ࡍࡿ㝿ࡣࠊࡢゝㄒヰ⪅㐪࠺ࠊ⊂⮬ࡢ≉ᚩࡀぢࡽࢀࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 1.1 ◊✲┠ⓗᑐ㇟ ᮏ✏ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊ㛫㛗ࡢ㠃ࡽࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸୰ᅜ᪉᪉ゝࢆẕㄒࡍࡿヰ⪅ࠊධኌ㡩 ᑿࢆᣢࡘᗈᮾㄒࢆẕㄒࡍࡿヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ᪥ᮏㄒಁ㡢ㄒࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ⊂⮬ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡾࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍ ࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ †⟃ἼᏛᏛ㝔ேᩥ♫⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ *ᮏ✏ࡣࠊಟኈㄽᩥ ᱇ 2012 ࡢ୍㒊࠾ࡼࡧ 2014 ᖺᗘ➨ 28 ᅇ᪥ᮏ㡢ኌᏛᅜཱྀ࡛㢌Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓෆᐜࡢ୍㒊 ຍ➹࣭ಟṇࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡢಁ㡢ᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿࢆᑐ↷ࡍࡿࠊ┦㐪Ⅼ㢮ఝⅬࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡢಁ㡢ࡣ ཎ๎ⓗ↓ኌᏊ㡢ࡢ๓⨨ࡋࠊ㡢ኌ⎔ቃࡼࡾኚ␗ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ༢⊂࡛ࡣᡂ❧ࡏࡎࠊᚋ ⥆ࡢ㡢ࡼࡗ࡚ᐇ㝿ࡢ㡢౯ࡀỴࡲࡿࠋಁ㡢ࡢ㡢౯ࡣᚋ⥆ࡍࡿᏊ㡢ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚㏫⾜ྠࢆ㉳ ࡇࡍࡓࡵࠊᇶᮏⓗ pࠊtࠊkࠊs ࡢ 4 ✀㢮ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀᑐࡋࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿࡣ㛢㙐㡢 pࠊtࠊ k ࡢ ࡘࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢⓎ㡢ࡣᇶᮏⓗᚋ⥆ࡍࡿ㡢⠇ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡞࠸࠸ࢃࢀࡿ ᮡᒣ 1988 ࠋ ๓㏙ࡢࡼ࠺ࠊಁ㡢ධኌ㡩ᑿࡣᜥࡀワࡲࡿ࠸࠺ඹ㏻ࡢ≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ⫈ぬ༳㇟࡛ࡣ୍ᐃࡢ 㢮ఝᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࠸ࢃࢀࡿ ᙇ 2011 ࠋ≉ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᏊ㡢ࡀᚋ⥆ࡍࡿ㡢⠇ࡢ㡢⠇㢌Ꮚ㡢୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ ࡿሙྜࡣࠊࡑࡢ㢮ఝᛶࡀࡉࡽ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊmattai ≀య ࠊukkei ᒇ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞༢ㄒࡀ࠶ ࡿࠋ 1.2 ඛ⾜◊✲ၥ㢟ᥦ㉳ ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢⏕ᡂ㛵ࡍࡿඛ⾜◊✲ࡋ࡚ࠊᶘ(2006)ᙇ(2011)ࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋᶘ(2006) ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ◚㡢ࡢ㛢㙐ᣢ⥆㛫ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ↓ኌᏊ 㡢ࡢ⏕ᡂࡣ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ᭷ពᕪࡀ࡞࠸ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᙇ(2011)ࡣᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ࠊಁ㡢ࡢ⏕ᡂㄪᰝࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗㄪᰝࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿ ᙳ㡪ࡉࢀࠊಁ㡢ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㝿ධኌ㡩ᑿࢆᡭࡀࡾࡍࡿ㏙࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ඛ⾜◊✲ࡽᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀಁ㡢ࡢㄆ㆑㠃࡛ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡣ᳨ド࡛ࡁࡓࡀࠊ ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢࡳࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆศᯒࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊಁ㡢ࡢㄪ㡢㠃࡛ࡢධኌ㡩 ᑿࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࡣࡣࡗࡁࡾࡋ࡞࠸ࠋᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀಁ㡢ࢆㄪ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿ࠊࡇࠊࢀࠊ ࡢࡼ࠺ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࠊၥࡀṧࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢၥࢆゎᾘࡍࢀࡤᗈᮾㄒẕㄒ ヰ⪅ྥࡅࡢ᪥ᮏㄒ㡢ኌᣦᑟᙺ❧ࡘᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢಁ㡢ㄪ㡢࠾ࡅࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࡣࠊ ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢ࡞࠸୰ᅜ᪉᪉ゝࢆẕㄒࡍࡿヰ⪅ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡢẚ㍑ࡽࠊࡼࡾ㩭ุ᩿࡛᫂ࡁࡿ⪃ ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ௨ୖࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ ┦ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊ୰ᅜ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࢆᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ ࡋ࡚ࠊಁ㡢ධኌ㡩ᑿ㛵ࡍࡿ㘓㡢ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓಁ㡢ㄒᑐ↷ࡋ࡞ࡀ ࡽࠊ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ ࡅࡿ㡢㡪ⓗ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡿࠋ
2.
ಁ㡢ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢ㡢㡪ᐇ㦂
᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࠾ࡼࡧ୰ᅜ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢẚ㍑ࡽࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓಁ㡢ㄒ ࠾ࡅࡿ㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡾࠊࡑࡇࡽධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᖸ΅ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊಁ㡢ධኌ㡩ᑿ㛵 ࡍࡿ㡢㡪ᐇ㦂ࢆᐇࡍࡿࠋ 2.1 ᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ ᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ࡣࠊᮾி㒔࣭༓ⴥ┴ฟ㌟ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ 10 ேࠊி࣭Ἑ┬➼ฟ㌟ࡢ୰ᅜ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ 14 ேࠊᗈᮾ┬ฟ㌟ࡢᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ 15 ே࡛࠶ࡿࠋᐇ㦂༠ ຊ⪅ࡢྛࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢグྕࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࠕJࠖࠊ୰ᅜ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ࠕNࠖࠊᗈᮾㄒẕ ㄒヰ⪅ࠕCTࠖࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࠋ୍⯡ⓗ࡞᪥ᮏㄒᩍᮦ࡛ࡣヰධࡿ๓ಁ㡢ࡣࡍ࡛⩦ᚓ῭ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿ ࡀࠊ㘓㡢㡯┠ࢆὶᬸㄞࡴࡓࡵࡣ୍ᐃࡢ᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊࡀᚲせࡔ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊⓎ㡢ࡢ ഴྥࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊಁ㡢ࢆ⩦ᚓࡋࡓࡇࡀಖドࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡘᩥࢆㄞࡵࡿ୍ᐃࡢ᪥ᮏㄒ ⬟ຊࡶᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦Ṕࡀ 300 㛫௨ෆࡢึ⣭ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅㝈ᐃࡋࡓࠋ 2.2 㘓㡢㡯┠ 㘓㡢㡯┠ࣜࢫࢺࡣ⾲ 1 ⾲ 2 ࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ 8 㡯┠ࠊᗈᮾㄒ 8 㡯┠ࠊྜィ 16 㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅇ ࡢᐇ㦂༠ຊࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓᏛ⩦⪅ࡣࠊࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᩍᮦࡀ㐪࠸ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࣞ࣋ࣝࡶࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ࠶ ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊពࡢ࠶ࡿ༢ㄒࢆ⏝ࡍࢀࡤࠊᏛ⩦⪅㥆ᰁࡳࡢ࠶ࡿ༢ㄒ⩦ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸༢ㄒࡢ㛫ᕪࡀ ฟࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࠊ㘓㡢㡯┠ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿ㝈ࡾ↓ពㄒࢆࡗࡓࠋᐇ㦂ㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᩥࡣࣞ࣋ࣝ ࡀప࠸Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡶㄞࡵࡿࡼ࠺ࠊึ⣭ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᩍᮦ᭱ึฟ࡚ࡃࡿᩥᆺࠕࡇࢀࡣ ࡛ࡍࠖࢆ㑅ࢇࡔࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊࠕࡇࢀࡣ ࡛ࡍࠖ࠸࠺ᩥᆺ↓ពㄒࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡣேࡼࡗ࡚ࡸࡸ⮬↛࡞ឤࡌࡀࡍࡿ ࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ㘓㡢ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࡁࠊ㘓㡢㡯┠ࡢ↓ពㄒࢆࠕ᪂〇ရ➼ࡢྡ⛠ࡋ࡚ㄞࢇ࡛ࡃ ࡔࡉ࠸ࠖ࠸࠺ᣦ♧ࢆฟࡋࡓࠋ ࡼࡾ㩭᫂ධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᖸ΅ࡢᐇែࢆぢࡿࡓࡵࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢᐇ㦂ㄒࡣ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ㡯┠ྜࢃࡏ࡚ࠊ Ⓨ㡢ࡀ᭱ࡶ㏆࠸↓ពㄒࢆసࡗࡓࠋྛᐇ㦂ㄒࡣ࢟ࣕࣜࢭࣥࢸࣥࢫࠕᡃ᭷୍୭ྉ Ⴢබ(ngo yau yat go giu ge gong zai/⚾ࡣ ࠸࠺ேᙧࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ)ࠖࡢ୰ᇙࡵ㎸ࢇࡔࠋ
ᮏ✏࡛ゝཬࡍࡿࠕಁ㡢ㄒࠖࡣ⾲ 1 ♧ࡍಁ㡢ࢆྵࡴᐇ㦂ㄒࠊࠕධኌㄒࠖࡣ⾲ 2 ♧ࡍධኌ㡩ᑿࢆྵ ࡴᐇ㦂ㄒࢆᣦࡍࠋ ⾲ 1㸸᪥ᮏㄒࡢ㘓㡢㡯┠ グྕ ಁ㡢ㄒ ಁ㡢ㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᩥ グྕ 㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ 㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᩥ Jpp ࡥࡗࡥ ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡗࡥ࡛ࡍࠋ Jp ࡥࡥ ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡥ࡛ࡍࠋ Jtt ࡥࡗࡓ ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡗࡓ࡛ࡍࠋ Jt ࡥࡓ ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡓ࡛ࡍࠋ Jkk ࡥࡗ ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡗ࡛ࡍࠋ Jk ࡥ ࡇࢀࡣࡥ࡛ࡍࠋ Jss ࡥࡗࡉ ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡗࡉ࡛ࡍࠋ Js ࡥࡉ ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡉ࡛ࡍࠋ ⾲ 2㸸ᗈᮾㄒࡢ㘓㡢㡯┠ グྕ ධኌㄒ ධኌㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᩥ グྕ 㠀ධኌㄒ 㠀ධኌㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᩥ CTpp ⟅ 1∐ (daappa2) ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉ⟅∐Ⴢබࠋ CTp ᕮ∐ (bapa) ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉᕮ∐Ⴢබࠋ CTtt ඵ (baatta) ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉඵჂබࠋ CTt ᕮ (bata) ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉᕮჂබࠋ 1 *baap Ⓨ㡢ࡍࡿᏐࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ௦ࢃࡾ daap Ⓨ㡢ࡍࡿᏐࠕ⟅ࠖࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋ 2 ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ࢚࣮ࣝᘧ࣮࣐ࣟᏐ⾲グἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋ
CTkk ⓒ༩ (baakka) ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉⓒ༩Ⴢබࠋ CTk ᕮ༩ (baka) ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉᕮ༩Ⴢබࠋ CTss ඵἋ (baatsa3) ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉඵἋჂබࠋ CTs ᕮἋ (basa) ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉᕮἋჂබࠋ 2.3 㘓㡢ࡢᡭ㡰 㘓㡢㡯┠ࡣ࣮࢝ࢻ୍ᯛ୍㡯┠ࢆ༳ๅࡋࠊ㘓㡢ࢆ⾜࠺㝿ࠊᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅࣮࢝ࢻࢆ୍ᯛࡎࡘࣛࣥ ࢲ࣒ᥦ♧ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽㄞࢇ࡛ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ㡯┠ࡣᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ဨㄞࢇ࡛ࡶࡽ࠸ࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢ㡯 ┠ࡣᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢࡳㄞࢇ࡛ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋ 2.4 ィ ᪉ἲ 㘓ࡋࡓ㡢ኌࡣࠊࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘ࠕPraatࠖࢆ⏝ࡋࠊ㡢㡪ศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࢭࢢ࣓ࣥࢺ㛗ࡢィ ࡣࠊ ┠どࡼࡾ㡢ኌἼᙧ࠾ࡼࡧࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣟࢢ࣒ࣛୖ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᐇ㦂ㄒࡢᏊ㡢㛗ࡣ㛢㙐㡢ࡢ㛢 㙐ᣢ⥆㛫ᦶ᧿㡢ࡢᦶ᧿ᣢ⥆㛫ࡋ࡚ࡽ࠼ࡿࠋィ ࡍࡿ㡯┠ࡣᩥࡢ୰ࡢᐇ㦂ㄒࡢಁ㡢㒊(ࡲࡓ ࡣධኌ㡩ᑿ)ࡢᏊ㡢㛗(௨ୗ㸸C)ࠊಁ㡢(ࡲࡓࡣධኌ㡩ᑿ)ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗(௨ୗ㸸V1)ࠊಁ㡢(ࡲࡓࡣධኌ 㡩ᑿ)ࡢᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗(௨ୗ㸸V2)ࠊᐇ㦂ㄒయࡢ㛫㛗(௨ୗ㸸W)࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮤ(2007)ࢆཧ↷ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ ᮏ✏࡛ࡢࢭࢢ࣓ࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᇶ‽ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾタᐃࡋࡓࠋ ձ ◚㡢ࡢ㛢㙐ᣢ⥆㛫ࡣࠊ㛢㙐༊㛫ࡢጞࡲࡿⅬࡽ⤊ࢃࡿⅬࡲ࡛ࡍࡿࠋ ղ ᦶ᧿㡢ࡢᦶ᧿㒊ศࡣࠊᦶ᧿ᛶ㞧㡢ࡀጞࡲࡿⅬࡽᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ࿘ᮇἼࡀぢࡽࢀࡿⅬࡲ࡛ࡍࡿࠋ ճ ඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡣࠊ࿘ᮇἼࡀࡣࡗࡁࡾぢࡽࢀࡿⅬࢆẕ㡢ࡢጞ➃ࡋࠊᾘ࠼ࡿⅬࢆ ẕ㡢ࡢ⤊➃ࡍࡿࠋ ලయࡋ࡚ࠊᅗ 1 ࡣ Jkk ࡢ୍ࠊᅗ 2 ࡣ Jss ࡢ୍ࡢࢭࢢ࣓ࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ᅗ 1 ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ Jkk(ࡥࡗ)ࡢ୍ 3 ᗈᮾㄒ࡛ࡣ*baassa ࠸࠺ᐇ㦂ㄒࢆసࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪s ࡢಁ㡢᭱ࡶ㏆࠸㡢(t ࡢධኌ㡩ᑿࡀධࡗࡓࡀࠊ ㄪ㡢⨨ࡀ s ᴟࡵ࡚㏆ࡃ࡚◚ࡶࡋ࡞࠸)ࡋ࡚᥇⏝ࡋࡓࠋ
ᅗ 2 ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ Jss(ࡥࡗࡉ)ࡢ୍
3.
Ꮚ㡢㛗ẕ㡢㛗ࡢ᳨ウ᪉ἲ
ಁ㡢ࡢ㡢㡪ⓗ≉ᚩࡘ࠸࡚ࠊඛ⾜◊✲ࡣ㛫㛗ࢆ୰ᚰࡋ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊಁ㡢ࡢ㛫㛗ࡢ≉ ᚩࡣ㠀ಁ㡢ಁ㡢ࢆᘚูࡍࡿ᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞㡢㡪ⓗᡭࡀࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㘓㡢ᐇ 㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆձᏊ㡢㛗ࠊղ๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࡢ 2 ࡘࡢ㠃ࡽ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋಁ㡢ࡢᏊ㡢㛗๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࢆ⪃ᐹࡍ ࡿ᪉ἲࡣඛ⾜◊✲ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿࠋ⏕ᡂ㠃ࡢ◊✲ࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓ◊✲ࡶ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ▱ぬ㠃ࡢ◊✲ࢆ୰ᚰ ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣ⏕ᡂ㠃ࡢ⪃ᐹࢆ⾜࠺ࡀࠊಁ㡢ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᭱㝈ほᐹࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊඛ⾜ ◊✲ࡼࡿ⏕ᡂ▱ぬࡢ㡢㡪ⓗᡭࡀࡾࢆ࠸ࡎࢀࡶཧ⪃ࡋ࡚⪃ᐹ㡯┠ࢆỴࡵࡿࠋ 3.1 Ꮚ㡢㛗ࡢ⪃ᐹ㡯┠ Ꮚ㡢㛗ࡣ㠀ಁ㡢ಁ㡢ࢆᘚูࡍࡿ㡢㡪ⓗᡭࡀࡾࡢ୰࡛᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᏊ㡢 㛗ࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡣከᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᚋ㏙ࡢඛ⾜◊✲ࡼࡿࠊᏊ㡢㛗ࡢࡽ࠼᪉ࡣ㸸ձᏊ㡢㛗ࠊղᏊ 㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚࠊճᏊ㡢㛗ᑐᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚࠊմᏊ㡢㛗ᑐㄒ㛗ࡢẚࠊյᏊ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜࣮ࣔࣛ 㛗ࡢẚࠊ࠸࠺ 5 ࡘࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢ 5 ࡘࡢ㡯┠ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢඛ⾜◊✲ࡢ⤖ㄽࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋΏ㒊࣭ᖹ⸨(1985ࠊ1987)ࡼࡿࠊ ಁ㡢ࡀᡂ❧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ↓ኌᏊ㡢ࡢ㛢㙐㛫ࡢ㛗ࡉࡣࠊ㛢㙐ඛ⾜ࡍࡿẕ㡢ࡢᣢ⥆㛫౫Ꮡࡍࡿࡀࠊ ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢᣢ⥆㛫ࡣಁ㡢ࡢุ᩿ࡣࡃᙳ㡪ࡀ࡞࠸㏙ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⤖ㄽᑐࡋࠊ῝ (2005)ࡣࠊඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢ୧せᅉࡀࠊಁ㡢▱ぬ᭷ពᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋࡓ␗ㄽࢆ㏙ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊHirata(2007)ࡣΏ㒊ࡽࡢ◊✲ࢆࡉࡽ㐍ࡵ࡚ࠊ࢟ࣕࣜࢭࣥࢸࣥࢫࡢ୰࡛Ⓨヰࡉࢀࡓ 2 㡢⠇ࡢಁ㡢࣭㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ࠾࠸࡚ࠊඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡀⓎヰ㏿ᗘࡼࡗ࡚ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿ ࢆㄪࠊඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ᑐࡍࡿᏊ㡢㛗ࡢẚࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ㡢㡪ศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࡽࠊᏊ㡢 㛗ᑐඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚࡼࡾࠊᏊ㡢㛗ᑐᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚࡢ࠺ࡀࠊṇ☜ಁ㡢ࡢ᭷↓ࢆᘚูࡍࡿ࠸࠺ ⤖ㄽࢆฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᮤ(2007)ࡣࠊⓎヰ㏿ᗘࢆ 1 ࡘࡢ㐃⥆యࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࠊኚࡍࡿⓎヰ㏿ᗘࡢ ୰࡛ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ㡢㡪ⓗ࡞ᡭࡀࡾࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⏕ᡂᐇ㦂ࢆ㏻ࡌ᳨࡚ドࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ㠀ಁ㡢࣭ಁ㡢 ࡢᘚูࡣࠊᏊ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚࡼࡾࠊᏊ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜࣮ࣔࣛ㛗ࡢẚࡢ࠺ࡀࠊಁ㡢ࡢ᭷↓ᙉ ࡃ㛵ಀࡍࡿࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࠊಁ㡢ࡢㄪ㡢㛵ࡍࡿ 5 ࡘࡢ㡯┠ࡣࠊ┦㛵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ୰ᅜࡢ᪉᪉ゝᗈᮾㄒࡢ↓ኌ◚㡢ࡣ᭷Ẽ㡢ࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㘓㡢ࡍࡿ㝿ࠊ୰ᅜ᪉᪉ ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢẕㄒࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࠊᐇ㦂ㄒࡢㄒ㢌Ꮚ㡢ࡢࠕpࠖࢆ᭷Ẽ㡢 ࡋ࡚Ⓨ㡢ࡍࡿᏛ⩦⪅ࡀከ࠸ࠋணഛᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢࠕpࠖࡢᏊ㡢 ࡀ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡼࡾᖖ㛗࠸ࡓࡵࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣮ࣔࣛࡶ㛗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᮏᐇ㦂ࡢ㡢ኌࢹ࣮ࢱࢆぢࡿ ࠊࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࡶࡣࡗࡁࡾほᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀᏊ㡢ࠕpࠖ ࢆ᭷Ẽ㡢ࡋ࡚Ⓨ㡢ࡍࡿࡇࡣࠊㄒ୰㛢㙐ඛ⾜ࡍࡿ࣮ࣔࣛࡢ㛫㛗ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊյ Ꮚ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜࣮ࣔࣛ㛗ࡢẚ࠸࠺㡯┠ࡣᅇࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡢ⪃ᐹ㡯┠ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᮏ✏ࡣ◊✲┠ⓗྜࢃࡏ࡚ࠊ ձ Ꮚ㡢㛗(C) ղ Ꮚ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚ(௨ୗ㸸C/V1) ճ Ꮚ㡢㛗ᑐᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚ(௨ୗ㸸C/V2) մ Ꮚ㡢㛗ᑐㄒ㛗ࡢẚ(௨ୗ㸸C/W) ௨ୖࡢ 4 ࡘࡢ㡯┠╔┠ࡋࠊಁ㡢ࡢ㡢㡪ⓗ≉ᚩࢆࡼࡾ᫂☜㏙࡚࠸ࡃࠋ 3.2 ๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࡢ⪃ᐹ㡯┠ ḟࡣ๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࠊࡘࡲࡾඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢ㠃ࡽศᯒࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ⪃ᐹ㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ከࡃࡢඛ⾜◊✲(⚟ 1978˗㧗⏣ 1985˗῝ 2003)ࡽࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ⏕ᡂ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ಁ㡢ㄒࡢ࠺ࡀ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡼࡾࠊಁ㡢ඛ⾜ࡍࡿẕ㡢ࡀ㛗ࡃࠊᚋ⥆ࡍࡿẕ㡢ࡀ▷࠸ࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋ࡛ࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢሙྜࡣ࠺࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡀᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ 㡢ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ᫎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺Ⅼࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ ⪅࡛⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ῝(2005)ࡣࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡉࡗࡓࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡶ㠀ಁ㡢 ಁ㡢ࡢุ᩿ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ㏙࡚࠸ࡿࠋධኌㄒࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡉࡗࡓ ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࠊࡑࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡿࡢࢆ ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ 㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ
4.
ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ⪃ᐹ
ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡣྛヰ⪅ࡢ 1 ࡘ 1 ࡘࡢᐇ㦂ㄒࡢ୕ᅇࡢⓎヰࢆィ ࡋ࡚ࠊྛᐇ㦂ㄒࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋ ⟬ฟࡋࡓᩘ್ࡣྛᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ࡢಶேࡢᩘ್ࡍࡿࠋྛᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ࡢಶேࡢᩘ್ࢆࡶࡋ࡚ࠊྛࢢ ࣮ࣝࣉࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡣ⾲ 3 ⾲ 4 ♧ࡍࠋ⾲ 3㸸᪥ᮏㄒࡢᐇ㦂ㄒྛ㡯┠ࡢᖹᆒ್(༢㸸ms) 㡯┠ J N CT V1 C V2 W V1 C V2 W V1 C V2 W Jp 54.7 75.2 93.0 254.8 68.8 80.2 98.6 323.7 75.9 78.7 120.8 339.1 Jpp 71.8 170.0 83.3 358.0 107.2 223.0 106.4 518.2 73.9 169.6 147.6 465.7 Jt 55.3 68.2 85.8 249.5 82.5 84.0 89.8 345.6 83.7 92.9 128.1 391.3 Jtt 72.4 169.8 82.6 360.3 101.8 183.9 102.8 471.9 90.7 161.6 142.3 475.5 Jk 57.3 75.9 76.5 250.2 73.2 76.5 83.5 331.0 79.1 85.2 121.9 373.0 Jkk 70.7 175.3 74.0 317.3 98.2 202.6 94.0 478.2 85.0 143.0 134.7 450.5 Js 68.9 84.9 91.4 267.3 92.2 112.6 97.4 354.4 101.8 128.9 145.6 411.1 Jss 86.3 179.1 84.2 374.2 113.1 192.2 110.2 465.9 100.5 186.8 146.5 466.6 ⾲ 4㸸ᗈᮾㄒྛ㡯┠ࡢᖹᆒ್(༢㸸ms) ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᖸ΅ࡢᵝ┦ࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ 㘓㡢ᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᏊ㡢㛗๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࡢ 2 ࡘࡢ㠃ࡽ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ 4.1 Ꮚ㡢㛗ࡽࡢ⪃ᐹ Ꮚ㡢㛗ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒಁ㡢ㄒࡢ C࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W ࠼ࡿẕㄒᏊ㡢✀ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆศ ᯒࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊC࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W ࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࢆᚑᒓኚᩘࡋࠊẕㄒ JࠊNࠊCT ࡢ 3 Ỉ‽ࢆ⿕㦂 ⪅㛫ᅉᏊ AࠊᏊ㡢✀ JpࠊJppࠊJtࠊJttࠊJkࠊJkk ࠊJsࠊJss ࡢ 8 Ỉ‽ࢆ⿕㦂⪅ෆᅉᏊ B ࡋࡓศᩓศᯒ ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺ࡲࡵࡿࠋ ձ C ẕㄒᏊ㡢✀ࡢస⏝᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸦F(14,288)=2.205, p=0.008<0.05㸧ࠋ ղ C/V1 Ꮚ㡢✀ࡢຠᯝࡀ᭷ព࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦F(7,288)=19.496, p=0.000<0.05㸧ࠋẕㄒࡢ 3 Ỉ‽㛫࡛᭷ 㡯┠ CT V1 C V2 W CTp 156.3 62.9 153.3 437.3 CTpp 95.6 115.7 147.1 436.4 CTt 160.1 52.9 149.7 433.2 CTtt 100.0 121.2 144.8 443.4 CTk 152.4 54.9 139.0 419.1 CTkk 97.2 117.9 144.1 433.9 CTs 162.0 98.3 152.1 423.2 CTss 113.6 146.3 164.1 434.6
ព࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ճ C/V2 ẕㄒᏊ㡢✀ࡢస⏝᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸦F(14,288)=3.409, p=0.000<0.05㸧ࠋ մ C/W ẕㄒᏊ㡢✀ࡢస⏝᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸦F(14,288)=2.472, p=0.003<0.05㸧ࠋ CࠊC/V2 C/W ࡢẕㄒᏊ㡢✀ࡢస⏝ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࡇࡽࠊCࠊC/V2 C/W ࡣẕㄒᏊ㡢 ✀ࡢ 2 ࡘࡢせᅉࡀ┦ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋC/V1 ࡣᏊ㡢✀ࡢ㛫ࡔࡅ᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽ ࢀࡓࠋ ௨ୖࡢศᩓศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊBonferroni ἲࡼࡿከ㔜ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࣌ࡈࡢ᭷ព☜⋡ p ್ࢆ⾲ 5 ⾲ 6 ♧ࡍࠋC/V1 ࡢศᩓศᯒ࡛ẕㄒࡢ 3 Ỉ‽㛫࡛᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊC/V1 ࡢ㒊ศࡣ࡛⾲グࡍࡿࠋ⿕㦂⪅ෆᅉᏊ B ࡢᏊ㡢✀ 8 Ỉ‽ࡢෆࠊ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡢᏊ㡢✀ JpࠊJtࠊJkࠊJs ಁ㡢ㄒࡢᏊ㡢✀ JppࠊJttࠊJkkࠊJss ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࡣࡗࡁࡾศࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ⾲ 5 ࡛㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࠊ⾲ 6 ࡛ಁ㡢ㄒࡢ⤖ᯝࢆศࡅ࡚ࡲࡵࡿࠋኴᏐࠕ*ࠖࡀࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢁࡣ᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࡇࢁ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋ ⾲ 5㸸㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ C࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W ࡢከ㔜ẚ㍑⤖ᯝ(p ್)ࡢࡲࡵ ẕㄒ Ꮚ㡢✀ J N J CT N CT C Jp 1.000 1.000 1.000 Jt 1.000 0.615 1.000 Jk 1.000 1.000 1.000 Js 0.301 0.073 1.000 C/V1 Jp × × × Jt × × × Jk × × × Js × × × C/V2 Jp 1.000 1.000 0.836 Jt 0.287 1.000 0.106 Jk 1.000 0.755 0.582 Js 0.656 1.000 0.311 C/W Jp 0.418 0.125 1.000 Jt 1.000 0.843 1.000 Jk 0.108 *0.030<0.05 1.000 Js 1.000 1.000 1.000 ⾲ 5 ♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺ࠊ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ C࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W 48 㡯┠ࡢ୰࡛ 1 㡯┠ࡋ᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽ ࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊJࠊN CT ࡢ 3 ⩌ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡢ C࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㏆ ࠸࠸࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋయⓗࡳࡿࠊN CT ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡣࠊJ ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒẚ࡚
㛫㛗ࡢ㠃࡛≉㢧ⴭ࡞ഴྥࡀ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ⾲ 6㸸ಁ㡢ㄒ C࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W ࡢከ㔜ẚ㍑⤖ᯝ(p ್)ࡢࡲࡵ ẕㄒ Ꮚ㡢✀ J N J CT N CT C Jpp *0.017<0.05 1.000 *0.006<0.05 Jtt 0.649 1.000 0.198 Jkk *0.022<0.05 0.294 *0.000<0.05 Jss 0.724 1.000 1.000 C/V1 Jpp × × × Jtt × × × Jkk × × × Jss × × × C/V2 Jpp *0.047<0.05 *0.001<0.05 *0.000<0.05 Jtt 1.000 *0.001<0.05 *0.000<0.05 Jkk 0.877 *0.000<0.05 *0.000<0.05 Jss 1.000 *0.004<0.05 *0.003<0.05 C/W Jpp 0.618 *0.000<0.05 *0.012<0.05 Jtt 0.160 *0.000<0.05 *0.006<0.05 Jkk 0.334 *0.000<0.05 *0.000<0.05 Jss 0.299 *0.019<0.05 0.710 ⾲ 6 ♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺ࠊC ࡢሙྜࡣ≉᫂ࡽ࡞ഴྥࡀ⌧ࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊC/V1ࠊC/V2 C/W ࡣ CT ࡢᙉ࠸ഴྥࡀ⌧ࢀࡓࠋ CT J ࡢ㛫࡛ࡣࠊᏊ㡢㛗 C C/V1 ࡢሙྜࡣࡍ࡚ࡢᏊ㡢✀᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡢᑐࡋࠊ C/V2 C/W ࡢሙྜࡣࡍ࡚ࡢᏊ㡢✀᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊN J ࡢ㛫࡛ࡣ C/V2 C/W ࡣ Jpp ࡢ C/V2 ௨እࡍ࡚ࡢ㡯┠᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊN CT ࡢ㛫࡛ࡣ C/V2 C/W ࡢሙྜ ࡣ Jss ࡢ C/W ௨እࡍ࡚ࡢ㡯┠᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊC/V2 C/W ࡣࠊJ ࠾ࡼࡧ N ␗࡞ࡿࠊCT ࡢ⊂⮬ࡢഴྥࡀᙉ࠸࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋC/W ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ W ࡀ V2 ࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚ ࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊC/V2 ࡣ CT ࡢಁ㡢ㄒࡢ≉ᚩࢆࡶࡗࡶᫎࡍࡿ㡯┠ࡔุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ⾲ 5 ⾲ 6 ࢆ࠶ࢃࡏࡓࡇࢁࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡣᙉ࠸ഴྥࡀ≉ࡳࡽࢀ࡞ ࡗࡓࡀࠊಁ㡢ㄒࡣ⊂⮬ࡢ≉ᚩࡀ⾲ࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢ≉ᚩࡣᏊ㡢ࡢ㛫㛗ಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊಁ 㡢ࡢᚋ⥆ẕ㡢࠶ࡿ᥎ㄽ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ⥆ࡅ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ≉ᚩࡀ᭱ࡶᫎࡉࢀࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㡯┠ C/V2 ࢆヲࡋࡃ⪃ᐹࡍ ࡿࠋᅗ 3 ࡣࠊJkk ࢆࡋ࡚ࠊJࠊNࠊCT ࡢ C/V2 ࡢศᕸࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
V2(ঈս˖ms ˅ C ( ঈ ս ˖ m s 嚀 -1 &7 ᅗ 3㸸Jkk ࠾ࡅࡿ JࠊNࠊCT ࡢ C࣭V2 ࡢศᕸ ᅗ 3 ࢆぢࡿࠊJ CT ࡢ⦪㍈ C ࡢ್ࡣ㔜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡀከ࠸ࡀࠊᶓ㍈ V2 ࡢ್ࡣࠊCT ࡢ࠺ ࡀࠊᩘ್ࡀࡁࡃࠊJ ࡢᩘ್ࢇ㔜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ JࠊCT ࡣࡰ㔜࡞ࡽ࡞࠸⠊ᅖศ ᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊศᕸࡢᙧࡀ㠀ᖖ㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏆ఝ┤⥺ࢆᘬࡃࠊ୧⪅ࡶྑୖࡢ᪉ྥᣦࡍࠋ ࡘࡲࡾࠊ⦪㍈ࡢ C ್ᶓ㍈ࡢ V2 ್ࡢ୰࡛ࡕࡽࢆఙࡤࡍࠊࡑࡢ᪉ࡶ୍ᐃࡢྜ࡛ఙࡧࡿ ࠸࠺ഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࠋN ࡢ⠊ᅖࡣ J ࢆໟࢇ࡛࠾ࡾࠊCT 㔜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡶከ࠸ࡀࠊJ ࠾ࡼࡧ CT ࡣ ␗࡞ࡿࣃࢱ࣮࡛ࣥศᕸࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊJ ࠾ࡼࡧ CT ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ഴྥࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊCT ࡢ V2 ࡣ J ࡼࡾ㛗࠸ࡀࠊC V2 ࡢ㛗▷㛵ಀࢆฎ⌮ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀఝ࡚࠸ࡿࠋN ࡣ J ᩘ್ࡀ㏆ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊC V2 ࡢ㛵ಀࢆฎ⌮ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀ㐪࠺ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡉࡽᐈほⓗ C V2 ࡢ㛵ಀࢆぢࡿࡓࡵࠊᅗ 3 ࡢ Jkk ࠾ࡅࡿ JࠊNࠊCT ࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡘ࠸ ࡚ C V2 ࡢ㛫ࡢ┦㛵ಀᩘࢆồࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊJ ࡣ r=0.459ࠊN ࡣ r=-0.002ࠊCT ࡣ r=0.627 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊJ CT ࡣ 0.4㸺|㹰|ӌ0.7 ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊC V2 ࡢ㛫ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋN ࡣ 0㸺| 㹰|ӌ0.2 ࠸࠺༊㛫࠶ࡾࠊࢇ┦㛵ࡀࡳࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡶ๓㏙ࡢศᯒࢆᨭᣢࡋ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊJ CT ࡣ C V2 ࡢ୰࡛ࡕࡽࢆఙࡤࡍࠊࡑࡢ᪉ࡶ୍ᐃࡢྜ࡛ఙࡧࡿ࠸࠺ ഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊN ࡣࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓഴྥࡀ࡞࠸ࠋ ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣಁ㡢ࢆㄪ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿ࠊ࡞ࡐ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅㐪࠺ฎ⌮ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࢆㄪ ࡿࡓࡵࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ CTkk ࡢ C࣭V2 ࡢศᕸࢆ Jkk ẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ⤖ᯝࡣᅗ 4 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡿࠋ
V2(ঈս˖ms ˅ C ( ঈ ս ˖ m s 嚀 ƹ&7NN ƽ-NN ᅗ 4㸸CT ࡢ Jkk CTkk ࠾ࡅࡿ C࣭V2 ࡢศᕸ CTkk ࡢ C࣭V2 ࡢศᕸࡣࠊ⦪㍈ࡢ C ್ᶓ㍈ࡢ V2 ್ࡢ୰࡛ࡕࡽࢆఙࡤࡍࠊ᪉ࡶ୍ᐃࡢ ྜ࡛ఙࡧࡿ࠸࠺ഴྥࢆࠊࡼࡾ㞟୰ⓗࠊ᫂☜ⓗ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋCTkk Jkk ࡢ C࣭V2 ࡢศᕸࡣ㔜 ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡀከࡃࠊJkk ࡣࡰ CTkk ࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊศᕸ⠊ᅖࡢᙧࡶ㠀ᖖఝ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㏆ ఝ┤⥺ࡶ㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋCTkk ࠾ࡅࡿ C V2 ࡢ㛫ࡢ┦㛵ಀᩘࢆồࡵࡿࠊr=0.724 ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㧗࠸ ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࡘࡲࡾࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀಁ㡢ㄒࢆㄪ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿ࠊC V2 ࡢ㛗▷㛵ಀࢆฎ⌮ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀ᪉᪉ ゝẕㄒヰ⪅␗࡞ࡿཎᅉࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀධኌ㡩ᑿࡢฎ⌮᪉ἲࢆࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ᥎ㄽ ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᶓ㍈ V2 ࡢ༊㛫ࡣࠊ୧⪅ࡀࡰྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣಁ㡢ࡢᚋ⥆ẕ㡢 㛗ࢆධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᚋ⥆㡢⠇ࡢẕ㡢㛗ࡢࡼ࠺ఙࡤࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢⏕ᡂࡣࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᖸ΅ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ 4.2 ẕ㡢㛗ࡽࡢ⪃ᐹ 4.1 ࡛ࡣࠊᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࢆᏊ㡢㛗ࡢ㠃ࡽ⪃ᐹࡋࡓࡀࠊᮏ⠇࡛ࡣ๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࡢ㠃ࡽ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ ῝(2005)࡛ࡣࠊ่⃭ㄒࠕ㌿ᐷࠖࠕḷࡗࡓࡡࠖࡢᏊ㡢㒊ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗ࡉࢆ⊂ ❧ఙ⦰ࡋࡓ 4 ࡘࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆࠊ࢟ࣕࣜᩥࠕḟࡣࠊ ࠊࡽࡋ࠸࡛ࡍࠖᤄධࡋ࡚ࠊࡉࡽ ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡈᏊ㡢㒊ࡢ↓㡢༊㛫ࢆ㝈ᐃࡋࡓ⠊ᅖ࡛ 10ms ࡎࡘኚࡉࡏࡓ่⃭ 6 ✀㢮ࢆసࡗ࡚▱ぬ ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ4 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢಁ㡢ุ᩿ቃ⏺್ࡢ㛵ಀࡣ LS㸺SS㸺LLӌSL ࡛࠶ࡿ㏙࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊඛ⾜ẕ㡢ࡀ㛗ࡃࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡀ▷࠸ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ(LS)ࡀ୍␒ಁ㡢⪺ࡇ࠼ࡸࡍࡃࠊඛ⾜࣭ ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢୧᪉▷࠸ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ(SS)ࡀ␒┠ಁ㡢⪺ࡇ࠼ࡸࡍ࠸ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗࠸ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ ࡀ᭱ࡶಁ㡢⪺ࡇ࠼ࡃ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡀ➼ࡋࡅࢀࡤࠊඛ⾜ẕ㡢ࡀ㛗࠸ಁ㡢⪺ࡇ࠼ࡸࡍ ࡃ࡞ࡿᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
῝(2005)ࡢࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡽࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ㠀ಁ㡢ಁ㡢ࢆᘚ ูࡍࡿ㡢㡪ⓗᡭࡀࡾࡢ 1 ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ 4.1 ⠇ࡽࢃࡿࡼ࠺ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿಁ㡢ࡢ≉ᚩࢆࡶࡗࡶᫎࡍࡿࡢࡣࠊᏊ㡢ࡢ㛫㛗࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊẕ㡢ࡢ㛫㛗࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑࢀࡽࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜ẕ 㡢ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆẚ㍑ࡋࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊJࠊNࠊCT3 ⩌ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿඛ⾜ẕ㡢ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆࠊᅗ 5 ࡽᅗ 7 ♧ࡍࠋ ᅗ 5㸸J ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ᅗ 6㸸N ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ᅗ 7㸸CT ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ẕ㡢ࡀ㛗࠸▷࠸ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ῝(2005)ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆཧ⪃ࡋุ࡚᩿ࡍࡿࠋ῝(2005) ࡀసᡂࡋࡓ่⃭ㄒ࠾࠸࡚ࠊఙ㛗ࡋࡓඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢(L)ࡣ 115ms ⛬ᗘࠊ▷⦰ࡋࡓඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢(S) ࡣ 85ms ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ✏ࡣᅗ 5 ࡽᅗ 7 ♧ࡍẕ㡢㛗ࢆ῝ࡢ L S ᙜ࡚ࡣࡵ࡚ࠊ4 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ ࡢ୰ࡢࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥヱᙜࡍࡿࢆぢࡿࠋ ࡲࡎᅗ 5 ♧ࡋࡓᩘ್ࢆぢࡿࠋ๓㏙ࡢࡼ࠺ࠊከࡃࡢඛ⾜◊✲(⚟ 1978˗㧗⏣ 1985˗῝ 2003) ࡽࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ⏕ᡂ࠾࠸࡚ࠊಁ㡢ㄒࡢ࠺ࡀ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡼࡾࠊಁ㡢ඛ⾜ࡍࡿẕ㡢 ࡀ㛗ࡃࠊᚋ⥆ࡍࡿẕ㡢ࡀ▷࠸ࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᅗ 5 ࢆぢࡿᅇࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡣඛ⾜
ẕ㡢ࡀ㛗ࡃᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡀ▷࠸࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊV1 V2 ࡢ㛫ࡁ࡞ᕪࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽ ࠊV1ࠊV2 ࡶᩘ್ࡀᑠࡉࡃࠊࢇ 85ms ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊᅇࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡢ J ࡢᩥ୰ಁ㡢ㄒ ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࢆ῝(2005)ࡢ 4 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥᙜ࡚ࡣࡵࡿࠊSS ヱᙜࡍࡿࠋ ḟࠊᅗ 6 ࡢ N ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡣࡁ࡞ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊV1࣭V2 ࡢ㛫 㛗▷ᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡣ⪃࠼ࡃ࠸ࠋ◚ಁ㡢 pࠊtࠊk ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1ࠊV2 ࡢᩘ್ࡽࡳࡿࠊSS ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃࠊLL ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃࠊSS LL ࡢ୰㛫࡛࠶ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋᦶ᧿ಁ㡢 s ࡢሙྜࡣࠊLL ヱᙜࡍࡿࠋ ᭱ᚋࠊᅗ 7 ♧ࡍࡼ࠺ࠊCT ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡣ JࠊN ࡶ␗࡞ࡿ≉ᚩࡀ⾲ࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋࡍ࡚ࡢᏊ㡢ࡢ✀㢮࡛ V2 ࡢ࠺ࡀ V1 ࡼࡾ㢧ⴭ㛗࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡣ SL ࡢࣃࢱ࣮࡛ࣥ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽ ࢀࡿࠋ ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒࡣࠊJࠊN ␗࡞ࡾࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡀࡓࡔ㛗࠸ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊඛ⾜ẕ㡢ࡼࡾ㢧 ⴭ㛗࠸࠸࠺ࡢࡀ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ4.1 ࡛ࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣಁ㡢ࡢᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࢆධኌ㡩ᑿᚋ⥆ ࡍࡿ㡢⠇ࡢẕ㡢㛗ࡢࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㏙࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᙳ㡪ࡣࡲࡔ᫂ࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ࡑࢀࡺ࠼ࠊᅗ 7 ࢆ CT ࡢධኌㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡿᅗ 8 ẚ㍑ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ ࡢಁ㡢࠾ࡅࡿ⊂⮬ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀධኌ㡩ᑿࡢࡼ࠺࡞㛵ಀ࠶ࡿࢆㄪࡿࠋ ᅗ 7㸸CT ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ᅗ 8㸸CT ࡢධኌㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V24 ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᅗ 8 ࡢ V1࣭V2 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀᅗ 7 㠀ᖖ㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀศࡿࠋCT ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡣධኌㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡢ㛵ಀఝ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ୧⪅ࡶ V2 ࡀ V1 ࡼࡾ㢧ⴭ㛗࠸࠸࠺≉ᚩࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢ᚋ⥆㡢⠇ࡢẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡣࠊCT ࡢಁ㡢ྠࡌࡼ࠺ SL ࠶ࡓࡿࠋ ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣಁ㡢ࢆㄪ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿ࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࢆࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢඛ ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ྠᵝㄪ㡢ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
5.
ࡲࡵᚋࡢㄢ㢟
ᮏ✏ࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ⊂⮬ࡢ㡢㡪ⓗ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡾࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᙳ 4 CTࡢ㠀ධኌㄒ࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡶほᐹࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓഴྥࡣ⌧ࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ㡢㡪ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏ ㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓಁ㡢ᑐ↷ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ୰ᅜ᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࢆẚ㍑ ࡋ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢࠾ࡅࡿධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࢆศᯒࡋࡓࠋ ᮏ✏ࡣᏊ㡢㛗ඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗╔┠ࡋ࡚ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࢆ⪃ᐹࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ ⏕ᡂࡍࡿಁ㡢࠾ࡅࡿ⊂⮬ࡢ≉ᚩࡣᏊ㡢㛗࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗࠶ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋᗈᮾㄒẕ ㄒヰ⪅ࡣධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᖸ΅ࢆཷࡅࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ྠᵝࡢ ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ⏝ࡋࠊ≉ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࢆఙࡤࡋࡓ≉ᚩⓗ࡞Ⓨ㡢ࢆࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡋࡋࠊಁ㡢ࡢᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡀ㛗࠸ࡇࡼࡾࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒࢆ▱ぬࡍ ࡿ㝿ࡢࡼ࠺⮬↛ࡉࡀ࠶ࡿࡣ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢⅬࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᚋࡢㄢ㢟ࡋ࡚ ࡉࡽ▱ぬᐇ㦂➼ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚᫂ࡽࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ࠙ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠚ ⚟ㄔ(1978)ࠕ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ㛢㙐㡢ࡢᘏ㛗࣭▷⦰ࡼࡿಁ㡢࣭㠀ಁ㡢ࡋ࡚ࡢ⫈ྲྀࠖࠗ㡢ኌᏛሗ࠘ 159: 9-12.
Hirata, Y. (2007) “Durational Variability and Invariance in Japanese Stop Quantity Distinction: Roles of Adjacent Vowels” Journal of the Phonetic Society of Japan. 11(1): 9-22.
᱇㞹(2012)ࠗᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢࠾ࡅࡿ㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩ―ධኌ㡩ᑿࡼࡿᖸ΅ࢆ୰ᚰࡋ࡚―࠘⟃Ἴ ᏛᏛ㝔ேᩥ♫⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄽᩥ(ᮍබห). ᮤᩗῄ(2007)ࠕಁ㡢ࡢ㡢㡪ⓗᡭࡀࡾⓎヰ㏿ᗘࡢ㛵ಀࠖࠗ㡢ኌ◊✲࠘11(1): 71-81. ᮤḠ(2014)ࠕᗈᮾㄒࢆẕㄒࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ⏕ᡂ▱ぬࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ㜰ᏛᏛ㝔ゝㄒᩥ ◊✲⛉᪥ᮏㄒ࣭᪥ᮏᩥᑓᨷ⦅ࠗ᪥ᮏㄒ࣭᪥ᮏᩥ◊✲࠘24: 69-80. ῝ᝋᏊ(2003)ࠕಁ㡢/tt/ࡢ▱ぬ㸸ࢡࢭࣥࢺᆺಁ㡢࣭㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡢ㡢㡪ⓗ≉ᚩࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࠖࠗ㡢ኌ◊✲࠘ 7(1): 70-76. ῝ᝋᏊ࣭᳃ᗤᏊ࣭᱒㇂(2005)ࠕಁ㡢ࡢ▱ぬᑐࡍࡿඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢᙳ㡪ࠖࠗ㡢ኌ◊✲࠘9(2): 59-65. ᮡᒣኴ㑻(1988)ࠕධኌ㡩ᑿࢆࡶࡘ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢᣦᑟࠖࠗ᫂ᫍᏛ◊✲⣖せ(ேᩥᏛ㒊)࠘24: 73-81. 㧗⏣ṇ(1985)ࠕಁ㡢ࡢㄪ㡢ୖࡢ≉ᚩࡘ࠸࡚ࠖࠗᅜ❧ᅜㄒ◊✲ᡤሗ࿌ 83 ◊✲ሗ࿌㞟 6࠘17-40. ⚽ⱥฟ∧. Ώ㒊┿୍㑻࣭ᖹ⸨ᬸኵ(1985)ࠕ㡢⠇࠾ࡅࡿ↓ኌ◚㡢ಁ㡢ࡢุ᩿ቃ⏺ඛ⾜ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗ࡉࡢ㛵ಀࠖࠗ㡢 ኌゝㄒ࠘Ϩ: 1-8. Ώ㒊┿୍㑻࣭ᖹ⸨ᬸኵ(1987)ࠕಁ㡢ࡢ▱ぬᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢᣢ⥆㛫ࡢ㛵ಀࠖࠗ㡢ኌゝㄒ࠘ϩ: 99-106. ᶘ䇾ே(2006)“⢚᪉ゝ༊᪥䈝ᏛҐ⪅ⓗሰ㡢ᣢ㜼ᰦ䮯◊✲”ࠓ⧠௦እ䈝(Ꮨห)ࠔ29(1): 29-36. ᙇ፣᫂(2011)ࠗᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ▱ぬ⏕ᡂ㸸ᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ(ࡗࡋࡻ࠺)ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࢆ୰ᚰ࠘᪩ ✄⏣ᏛᏛ㝔᪥ᮏㄒᩍ⫱◊✲⛉ಟኈㄽᩥᴫせ.
A research on Articulation of Japanese Geminate Stop by native
Chinese speakers:
Through the comparison of native northern Chinese dialect
speakers and native Cantonese speakers
Wen GUI
͊This study aims to explore the acoustic features of Japanese geminate stop articulated by the native Cantonese speakers, and to reveal the condition of interference from the aspect of the entering consonant of Cantonese. Through doing a recording experiment, while comparing the Japanese geminate stop pronounced by native Japa-nese speakers with the JapaJapa-nese geminate stop pronounced by native CantoJapa-nese speakers and native northern Chinese dialect speakers, the author analyzes the interference of the entering consonant in Japanese geminate stop of native Cantonese speakers based on the experimental results from aspects of the duration time of vowels and consonants.
The experimental results reveal that the acoustic features of Japanese geminate stop art iculated by native Can-tonese speakers are not reflected in the consonants but in the vowels. While dealing with the pattern of preceding vowels and subsequent vowels of Japanese geminate stop, the native Cantonese speakers are affected by the en-tering consonant of Cantonese. Therefore, they tend to use a pattern very similar to Cantonese. Especially for the subsequent vowels, the native Cantonese speakers get accustomed to lengthening them.
͊Doctoral Program in Literature and Linguistics,
Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Tsukuba.
