㸦㸳㸧ㅖእᅜࡢᏛ࣭◊✲ᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿᩍဨ࣭◊✲⪅ࡢ㞠⏝ᙧែ
㸿㸬ࢠࣜࢫ
㸯㸬᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡘ࠸࡚
᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ಀࡿ㞠⏝ἲไ
ⱥᅜࡢ㞠⏝ἲไࡣࡢ EU ຍ┕ᅜྠᵝࠊEU ἲᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㞠⏝㛵ࡍࡿ࡞ἲつ ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࠕ1996 ᖺ㞠⏝ᶒἲ㸦Employment Rights Act of 19961㸧ࠖࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࠊྠἲࡣዎ⣙ࡽゎ 㞠ࠊዎ⣙⤊ࠊᕪูࡽࡢಖㆤ⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ࠊ㞠⏝ἲࡢ࠶ࡽࡺࡿศ㔝ࢆ⥙⨶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢἲᚊࡣࠊ㞠⏝ἲࡢᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࠾ࡅࡿせ௳ࢆヲ⣽つᐃࡋࡓ୍㐃ࡢἲつࡼࡗ࡚ᐇࡉࢀ
ࡿࠋ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢ⏝㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ2002 ᖺ 10 ᭶㸯᪥ᑟධࡉࢀࡓࠕ2002 ᖺ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅ 㸦┈ྲྀࡾᢅ࠸㜵Ṇ㸧㛵ࡍࡿつ๎㸦Fixed-term Employees (Prevention of Less Favourable Treatment) Regulations 2002㸧2ࠖࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢつ๎ࡣ EU ࡢࠕ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ᣦ௧㸦Council Directive 1999/70/ EC3㸧ࠖࢆᅜෆἲࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ἲไᗘࡢᑐ㇟ࡀࠊ୍㒊ࡢᙧែࡢ㠀ṇつ㞠⏝ࡶᣑࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣẚ㍑ⓗ᭱㏆ࡢࡇ
㐣ࡂࡎࠊࢠࣜࢫࡢປാἲࡣ࡞࠾ࠊ㞠⏝ไᗘ㛵ࡍࡿᨺ௵࠸࠺ᚑ᮶ࡽࡢ๓ᥦࡀṧࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿ4ࠋOECD ࡢ㞠⏝ಖㆤࡢࠕཝ᱁ᛶࠖࢆ♧ࡍᣦᶆࢆぢࡿࠊࢠࣜࢫࡣ᭱ࡶᩘ್ࡢప࠸ᅜࡢࡦ
ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡢ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃㅖᅜࡼࡾࡶ⡿ᅜ㏆࠸ࠋࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣఏ⤫ⓗつไࡢᡭẁࡀᅋయ
΅౫Ꮡࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵࠊ99 ᖺࡢ EU ᣦ௧ࡀᐇࡉࢀࡿ๓ࡣࠊ㠀ᆺປാ⪅ࡣປാ⪅ಖㆤࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ
ࡽ㜼ᐖࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
1 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/contents
2 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2034/introduction/made
3 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31999L0070:EN:NOT
4 -JILPT㸦2010㸧ࠗḢ⡿࠾ࡅࡿ㠀ṇつ㞠⏝ࡢ⌧≧ㄢ㢟࠘p113
ᅗ⾲ A-1 OECD ຍ┕ᅜ䛾㞠⏝ಖㆤἲไ䛾ཝ᱁ᛶ䚸1998 ᖺ䛚䜘䜃 2008 ᖺ
యⓗ࡞ཝ᱁ᛶ ṇつ㞠⏝㛵ࡍࡿ ཝ᱁ᛶ
㠀ṇつ㞠⏝㛵ࡍࡿ ཝ᱁ᛶ
1998 2008 1998 2008 1998 2008
࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 0.9 0.9
࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣜ 2.4 2.2 2.9 2.4 1.5 1.5
࣋ࣝࢠ࣮ 2.5 2.5 1.7 1.7 2.6 2.6
ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4
ࣇࣛࣥࢫ 2.8 2.9 2.3 2.5 3.6 3.6
ࢻࢶ 2.6 2.4 2.7 3.0 2.0 1.2
ࢠࣜࢩࣕ 3.5 2.8 2.2 2.3 4.8 3.1
ࢱࣜ 3.1 2.4 1.8 1.8 3.6 2.0
᪥ᮏ 1.6 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.0
࢜ࣛࣥࢲ 2.8 2.1 3.1 2.7 2.4 1.2
ࢫ࣌ࣥ 3.0 3.0 2.6 2.5 3.2 3.5
ࢠࣜࢫ 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.4
࣓ࣜ࢝ 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
ὀ㸸㞠⏝ಖㆤᣦᩘࡣࠊ㸦᭱ప㸧0ࡽ㸦᭱㧗㸧6ࡲ࡛ ฟ㸸OECD㸦2009㸧 JILPT㸦2010㸧ࡼࡾᘬ⏝
㸺ᖺ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅㸦┈ྲྀࡾᢅ࠸㜵Ṇ㸧㛵ࡍࡿつ๎㸼
ࠕ2002 ᖺ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅㸦┈ྲྀࡾᢅ࠸㜵Ṇ㸧㛵ࡍࡿつ๎ࠖࡢ┠ⓗࡣ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅ࢆ
┈࡞ྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࡽಖㆤࡍࡿࡇ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿ㸸
ࠕ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࠖࡣࠊ㞠⏝ዎ⣙ࡀࠊࡑࢀࡀ㏻ᖖ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࡢࡼ࠺⤊ࡍࡿࢆᐃࡵࡓつᐃ
ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺⤊ࡍࡿሙྜࢆゝ࠺㸸
࣭ ≉ᐃࡢᮇ㛫ࡢ‶ࠊࡲࡓࡣ
࣭ ≉ᐃࡢ⫋ົࡢࠊࡲࡓࡣ
࣭ ᚑᴗဨࡀົࡍࡿᴗ࡛ࠊྠᚑᴗဨࡀ༨ࡵࡿ⫋ົ࠾࠸࡚ࠊྠᚑᴗဨࡀ㸦ົඛᴗࡢ ᐃࡵࡿ㸧㏻ᖖࡢṇᙜ࡞㏥⫋ᖺ㱋㐩ࡍࡿ௨እࡢࠊ≉ᐃࡢฟ᮶ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࠊࡲࡓࡣ⏕ࡌ࡞
࠸ሙྜ
ࡇࡢつ๎ࡣࡢศ㔝࡛ാࡃ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊ࡚ࡢ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿⅬὀពࡍࡿᚲ せࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ὴ㐵ປാ⪅࠾ࡼࡧぢ⩦ࡣ㝖ࡃ㸧ࠋ6
5 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2034/pdfs/uksi_20022034_en.pdf
6 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2034/pdfs/uksi_20022034_en.pdf
ྠつ๎ࡣ≉ࠊ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙⥾⤖ࡘ࠸࡚௨ୗࡢⅬࢆᐃࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ7㸸
ᅗ⾲ A-2 ᴫせ䠖䜲䜼䝸䝇䛻䛚䛡䜛᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙䛾せ௳
᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅䛾┈ 䛺ྲྀ䜚ᢅ䛔㻌
᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅䜢カ⦎䛾ᶵ䚸᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙䜢᭦᪂䛩䜛ᶵ䚸㈤ 㔠䚸ゎ㞠䞉ேဨᩚ⌮䛛䜙䛾ಖㆤ䠄㞠⏝䛾ୗ䛷䠎ᖺ௨ୖാ䛔䛯ሙ
ྜ䠅䛺䛹䛾㠃䛷䚸䛾ṇ♫ဨ䜘䜚䛻ྲྀ䜚ᢅ䛳䛶䛿䛺䜙䛺䛔䚹㻌 ᐈほⓗṇᙜᛶ㻌 ┈䛺ྲྀ䜚ᢅ䛔䛿ᐈほⓗ䛺᰿ᣐ䛻䜘䛳䛶䛾䜏䚸ゝ䛔䛘䜜䜀䚸
᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅䛾ዎ⣙᮲㡯䛜䠄య䛸䛧䛶䠅ṇ♫ဨ䛾䛭䜜䛸ᑡ䛺䛟 䛸䜒ྠ➼䛾ሙྜ䛻䛾䜏ṇᙜ䛥䜜䜛䚹㻌
┈䛺ྲྀ䜚ᢅ䛔䛾⌮⏤䜢
᭩㠃䛷ཷ䛡ྲྀ䜛ᶒ㻌
ᚑᴗဨ䛿┈䛺ྲྀ䜚ᢅ䛔䛾⌮⏤䜢᭩㠃䛷ᥦ♧䛩䜛䜘䛖㞠⏝䛻 ồ䜑䜛ᶒ䜢᭷䛩䜛䚹㻌
ᙜゎ㞠䛚䜘䜃┈䜢⿕ 䜙䛺䛔ᶒ㻌
᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅䛿 1996 ᖺ㞠⏝ᶒἲ䛾ᐃ䜑䛻䜘䜚䚸ἲⓗ䛻ᙜゎ 㞠䛛䜙ಖㆤ䛥䜜䜛䚹㻌
㞠⏝ᑂุᡤ➼䜈䛾⏦䛧❧ 䛶㻌
᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅䛿㞠⏝ᑂุᡤ䛻᭹䜢⏦䛧❧䛶䜛ᶒ䜢᭷䛩䜛䚹
᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙䛾᭦᪂㻌 ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅䛿㐃⥆䠎ᅇ௨ୖ䛾ዎ⣙䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛶䠐ᖺ㛫㞠⏝䛥䜜 䜛䛸䚸ἲⓗ䛻䛿⮬ືⓗ䛻ṇ♫ဨ㻔䠙↓ᮇ㞠⏝䠋ᖖ⏝ᚑᴗဨ㻕䛸䜏䛺 䛥䜜䜛䚹㻌
䛯䛰㞠⏝䛸ປാ⤌ྜ䛜ྜព䛩䜜䜀䚸䛣䛾⮬ືⓗ䛺ᶒ䛿ኻ䜟䜜 䜛䚹㞠⏝䛿᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙䜢᭦᪂䛧䛺䛔ሙྜ䚸බṇ䛛䛴ᐈほⓗ䛺
⌮⏤䜢♧䛥䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䚹㻌 ዎ⣙㌿䜢᭩㠃䛷ཷ䛡ྲྀ䜛
ᶒ㻌
ᚑᴗဨ䛿⮬ศ䛾ዎ⣙䛜↓ᮇ㞠⏝䛻㌿䛥䜜䛯䛸ᛮ䛖ሙྜ䚸䜒䛿䜔
᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅䛷䛿䛺䛔䚸䜒䛧䛟䛿ṇ♫ဨ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䜢᭩㠃䛷☜ㄆ 䛩䜛䜘䛖㞠⏝䛻᭩㠃䛷ồ䜑䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䚸21 ᪥௨ෆ䛻䛭䛖䛧䛯ᩥ
᭩䛛䚸䛒䜛䛔䛿᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙䛾䜎䜎䛷䛒䜛⌮⏤䜢グ䛧䛯ᩥ᭩䜢ཷ䛡
ྲྀ䜛ᶒ䜢᭷䛩䜛䚹㻌
ฟᡤ㸸http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2034/pdfs/uksi_20022034_en.pdf
࡞࠾ࠊྠつ๎ࡼࡾせἲつ㸦㞠⏝ᶒἲ㸧ࡣ㔜࡞ኚ᭦ࡀຍ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡀ
‶ࡍࡿࠊࡲࡓࡣ᭦᪂ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣேဨవࢆ⏤ࡍࡿゎ㞠ἲⓗุ᩿ࡉࢀࡿࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊ ゎ㞠࣭ேဨᩚ⌮ࡢἲⓗᡭ⥆ࡁࡣ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢᚑᴗဨࡶ㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿ8ࠋ
7 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2034/pdfs/uksi_20022034_en.pdf https://www.gov.uk/fixed-term-contracts/employees-rights
8 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2034/pdfs/uksi_20022034_en.pdf
ࡲࡓࠊ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ࡀᐈほⓗ⌮⏤ࡼࡗ࡚⥾⤖ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࢆ㸦᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ᮇ㛫ࡀ㸲 ᖺࢆ㐣ࡂࡓࡋ࡚ࡶ㸧↓ᮇዎ⣙ኚ᭦ࡋ࡞࠸ࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊྠつ๎ࡢ୰࡛ᐈほⓗ⌮⏤ࡢ ゎ㔘ࡣ᫂☜♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊࡑࡢゎ㔘ࡣุᡤࡀୗࡍࡇ࡞ࡿࠋ
㸺ゎ㞠ಀࡿἲไ㸼
⏝⪅ࡀ⿕㞠⏝⪅ࢆゎ㞠ࡍࡿሙྜࡣࠊṇᙜ࡞ゎ㞠⌮⏤ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࠊゎ㞠࠸࠺ᡭẁࡀᴗ≧ ἣ➼ࡽṇᙜㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇࠊゎ㞠ࡢᡭ⥆ࡁࡀ㐺ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ➼ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ9ࠋබṇ࡞⌮⏤
࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᡭ⥆ࡁࢆ⤒࡚ゎ㞠ࡉࢀࡓሙྜࡣࠕබṇゎ㞠ࠖࡳ࡞ࡉࢀࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࠕဨᩚ⌮ゎ 㞠ࠖࡣไᐃἲ࠾࠸࡚ṇᙜ࡞ゎ㞠⌮⏤ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ10ࠋ
ゎ㞠ࡢ㝿ࡣࠊ๓㏻࿌ᮇ㛫㸦ண࿌ᮇ㛫㸧ࡀᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⥆ 1 ࣨ᭶㹼㸰ᖺࡢሙྜࡣゎ㞠 ࡢ㸯㐌㛫๓ࡲ࡛㏻࿌ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ⥆ࡀ㸰ᖺࢆ㉸࠼ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ㸰ᖺ㉸࡛㸰㐌 㛫ࠊ㸱ᖺ㉸࡛ࡣ㸱㐌㛫࠸࠺ࡼ࠺ࠊ12 ᖺ㉸ࡢ 12 㐌㛫ࢆ᭱㛗㝈ᗘࡋ࡚ண࿌ᮇ㛫ࡀᘏ㛗ࡉࢀࡿ11ࠋ
ဨᩚ⌮ゎ㞠ࡢሙྜࡢᡭ⥆ࡁࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᑐ㇟࡞ࡿࡍ࡚ࡢ⿕⏝⪅ᑐࡋ๓༠㆟ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࠊ ᑐ㇟⪅ࡢ㑅ᐃࡣࠊබṇࡘྜ⌮ⓗ࡞᪉ἲ࡛⾜࠺ࡇࡀᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋゎ㞠ᡭᙜࡣࠊಶࠎࡢປ
ാዎ⣙ᇶ࡙ࡃဨᩚ⌮ᡭᙜ㸦Contractual redundancy pay㸧ࠊἲᐃဨᩚ⌮ᡭᙜ㸦Statutory Redundancy Pay : SRP㸧ࡢ㸰✀㢮ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊዎ⣙ᇶ࡙ࡃဨᩚ⌮ᡭᙜࡣ SRP ࢆୗᅇࡿࡇࡀ࡛ ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋSRP ࡛ࡣࠊ22 ṓᮍ‶࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸯ᖺࡢᑵᴗࡘࡁ㸯㐌㛫ศࡢ⤥ࡢ༙ศࠊ22㹼40 ṓ࡛࠶
ࢀࡤ㸯ᖺࡢᑵᴗࡘࡁ㸯㐌㛫ศࡢ⤥ࡢ㢠ࠊ41 ṓ௨ୖ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸯ᖺࡢᑵᴗࡘࡁ㸯㐌㛫ࡢ⤥ ࡢ 1.5 ಸᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ12ࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊ2013 ᖺ㸲᭶ࡽࠊἲᨵṇ㸦1992 ᖺປാ⤌ྜཬࡧປാ㛵ಀἲ,2013 ᖺᨵṇ௧ࡢ⾜㸧ࡀண ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ13ࠋ2013 ᖺ㸯᭶⌧ᅾࡢሗ࡛ࡣࠊձ100 ྡ௨ୖࡢゎ㞠ࢆ⾜࠺ሙྜࠊປാ⤌ྜࡢ 45
᪥㛫ࡢᅋయ΅ࢆ⾜࠺㸦⌧⾜࡛ࡣ 90 ᪥㸧ࠊղࡓࡔࡋࠊձࡢᑐ㇟࡞ࡿࠕゎ㞠ࠖࡽࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝࡛ 㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿປാ⪅ࡢዎ⣙ࢆ᭦᪂ࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜࢆ㝖ࡃࠊ࠸࠺㸰Ⅼࡢኚ᭦Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿ14ࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ
᭷ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ௨ࡗ࡚↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢປാ⪅ࡼࡾ┈ྲྀࡾᢅࡗ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࠸࠺ཎ๎ ࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢᮇ㛫‶ዎ⣙᭦᪂㸦ࡶࡋࡃࡣ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢ㌿㸧ࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞࠸ࡇ ࡣࠊࠕゎ㞠ࠖࡢ⠊ᅖእ࡛࠶ࡿ࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠸ࡿ15ࠋ
9 ᪥ᮏປാ◊✲ᶵᵓ㸦1999㸧ࠗ1999 ᖺᾏእປാໃ࠘
㸦 http://wwwhakusyo.mhlw.go.jp/wpdocs/hpyj199901/b0146.html 㸧
10 ᪥ᮏປാ◊✲ᶵᵓ㸦2003㸧ࠗㅖእᅜ࠾ࡅࡿゎ㞠ࡢ࣮ࣝࣝ⣮தゎỴࡢᐇែ̿ࢻࢶࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࠊ
ࢠࣜࢫࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝̿㸦ᴫせ㸧࠘,p14
11 ᪥ᮏ㈠᫆⯆ᶵᵓ㸦2009㸧ࠕḢᕞྛᅜࡢ㞠⏝ไᗘ୍ぴࠖ㸦࣮࣭ࠗࣘࣟࢺࣞࣥࢻ࠘No.89,pp20-26㸧
12 ᪥ᮏ㈠᫆⯆ᶵᵓ㸦2009㸧ྠ᭩
13 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukdsi/2013/9780111534106/contents
14 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukdsi/2013/9780111534106/article/2
15 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukdsi/2013/9780111534106/pdfs/ukdsiem_9780111534106_en.pdf
᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢᐇែ
ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊⱥᅜ⋤❧⤫ィᒁ㸦Office for National Statistics㸧ࡢࠗປാຊㄪᰝ㸦Labour Force Survey㸧࠘ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࢆྵࡴ㠀ᆺ㞠⏝ࡢᐇែࢆ㔞ⓗᢕᥱࡍࡿࠋࢠࣜࢫ࠾࠸
࡚ࠊࠕ㠀ᆺ㞠⏝ࠖࡣἲⓗᐃ⩏ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀࠊࠕᆺ㞠⏝㸦ṇつປാ㸧ࠖࡣࠕᖖ㸦permanent㸧
ࡘࣇࣝࢱ࣒ࠖᤊ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡢ㞠⏝ᙧែࡀ㠀ᆺ㞠⏝࡞ࡿࠋᅗ⾲ A-3 ࡢ
⥙ࡅ㒊ศࡀ㠀ᆺ㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿ㞠⏝ᙧែ࡛࠶ࡾࠊኴᏐࡢࠕ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ࠖࡀᮏㄪᰝࡢᑐ㇟ࡍࡿ᭷ ᮇປാዎ⣙࡛ാࡃேࠎࡢᩘ࠾ࡼࡧປാ⪅༨ࡵࡿྜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ඛ㏙ࡓ࠾ࡾࠊࢠࣜࢫࡢṇつ㞠⏝ປാ⪅ᑐࡍࡿ㞠⏝ಖㆤࡣᅜẚ࡚ᙅࡃࠊࡑࡢ⤖ ᯝࠊ⏝⪅ࡣ㠀ṇつ㞠⏝㢗ࡽ࡞ࡃࡶࣇࣞ࢟ࢩࣅࣜࢸࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿవᆅࡀࡁ࠸ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ
ᅜẚ࡚᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࢆྵࡴࢸ࣏࣮ࣥࣛࣜປാ⪅ࡢྜࡀప࠸ࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊୖグࡢປാຊㄪᰝ ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊὴ㐵ປാ⪅ࡀ㐣ᑠ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࠊᮏ᮶ࡣ㠀ᆺປാ⪅ࡳ࡞ࡉࢀ
ࡿࡁປാ⪅ࡀ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ศ㢮ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࠊᅇ⟅⪅ࡀ⮬㌟ࡢ㞠⏝ᙧែࢆṇ☜ㄆ▱ࡋ࡚࠸
࡞࠸(᭷ᮇዎ⣙ࡢປാ⪅ࡀ⮬㌟ࡢ㞠⏝ዎ⣙ࢆ↓ᮇዎ⣙ㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ)ྍ⬟ᛶ➼ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࡢಙ㢗ᛶ
ၥࡀ࿊ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢⅬ␃ពࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ16
ᅗ⾲ A-3 䜲䜼䝸䝇䛾ᑵᴗ⪅⥲ᩘ䛻༨䜑䜛䛂㠀ᆺ㞠⏝⪅䛃䛾ᐇᩘ䛸ྜ
㸦2011 ᖺ 7-9 ᭶ᮇ㸧 䝣䝹䝍䜲䝮㻌 䝟䞊䝖䝍䜲䝮㻌
ᖖ㞠⏝㻌 㸦permanent㸧
1,745 ྡ 㸦60.0㸣㸧
580 ྡ 㸦20.0㸣㸧
䝔䞁䝫䝷䝸䞊㞠
⏝㻌 㸦100㸣㸧
᭷ᮇዎ⣙㻌 㸦43.1㸣㸧
82 ྡ 㸦2.8㸣㸧
72 ྡ 㸦2.5㸣㸧
ᐃᮇປാ㻌 㸦19.3㸣㸧 ὴ㐵ປാ㻌 㸦18.3㸣㸧 Ꮨ⠇ປാ㻌 㸦7.3㸣㸧
䛭䛾㻌 㸦11.8㸣㸧
⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅㻌 㸦self-employed㸧
296 ྡ 㸦10.2㸣㸧
113 ྡ 㸦3.9㸣㸧
䛭䛾㻌 19 ྡ㸦0.7㸣㸧
㸦ὀ㸧 㸯㸬ⱥᅜࡢᑵᴗ⪅⥲ᩘ 2,907 ྡࡢෆヂࠋ⥙ࡅ㒊ศࡀࠕ㠀ᆺᆺ㞠⏝ࠖࠋ 㸰㸬ᖖ㞠⏝⪅ᩘࡣࠊ㞠⏝⪅⥲ᩘࡽࢸ࣏࣮ࣥࣛࣜ㞠⏝⪅ᩘࢆᘬ࠸࡚⟬ฟࠋ
㸱㸬ࠕࡑࡢࠖࡣࠊ↓⤥ࡢᐙ᪘ປാᚑ⪅ཬࡧᨻᗓࡀᨭࡍࡿ⫋ᴗカ⦎࣭㞠⏝ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ ᚑ⪅ࠋ
㸦㈨ᩱ㸧Office for National Statistics, Data tables: Labour market statistics Excel spreadsheets (November 2011), EMP01, EMP07, 㸦http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171766_241671.pdf㸧
16 ࣜࢫࢸ࣭ࢡ࢟ࢲ࣮࢟(2010)ࠕࢠࣜࢫࡢ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙つไࠖ㸦ࠗBusiness Labour Trend࠘2010 ᖺ 6 ᭶㸪p5㸧
᭷ᮇປാ⪅ࢆྵࡴࢸ࣏࣮ࣥࣛࣜ㞠⏝⪅ᩘࡢ᥎⛣ࢆࡳࡿࠊ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ቑຍ/ῶᑡഴྥࡣぢࡽࢀࡎࠊ ᬒẼᚠ⎔࡞ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡞ࡀࡽኚືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ⾲ A-4㸧ࠋලయⓗࡣࠊ98 ᖺࡢ 185 ྡࢆࣆ
࣮ࢡῶᑡࢆࡋࠊ2008 ᖺࡢ 143 ྡࢆᗏࡋ࡚ࡧቑຍഴྥ࠶ࡿࠋ
90 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙ࢸ࣏࣮ࣥࣛࣜ㞠⏝⪅ࡀከࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊᬒẼᅇᮇ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵ〇㐀ᴗ࡛ࢸ࣏ࣥࣛ
࣮ࣜ㞠⏝⪅ࢆቑࡸࡋࡓᙳ㡪ᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ2000 ᖺ௨㝆ࡢᨻᗓᨭฟࡢቑຍక࠸ࠊ⾜ᨻ࣭
་⒪࣭ᩍ⫱࠸ࡗࡓබⓗ㒊㛛࠾࠸࡚ࡶࢸ࣏࣮ࣥࣛࣜ㞠⏝⪅ࡀቑຍࡋࡓ17ࠋ
ᅗ⾲ A-4 䝔䞁䝫䝷䝸䞊㞠⏝⪅ᩘ䛾ᙧែู᥎⛣
㻤㻣 㻤㻠 㻤㻞 㻣㻥 㻣㻡 㻣㻡 㻣㻝 㻣㻝
㻢㻣 㻢㻞 㻢㻟 㻡㻥 㻢㻠 㻣㻜 㻢㻢 㻞㻠 㻞㻤 㻞㻤 㻞㻤
㻞㻣 㻞㻣 㻞㻡
㻞㻣 㻞㻣 㻞㻣
㻞㻟 㻞㻠 㻞㻢 㻟㻡 㻟㻥 㻟㻢 㻟㻡
㻟㻞 㻟㻠 㻟㻠 㻟㻟
㻟㻝 㻟㻟 㻟㻟
㻟㻝 㻟㻜
㻟㻠 㻟㻜 㻝㻝 㻝㻣 㻝㻡 㻝㻡
㻝㻡 㻝㻠 㻝㻟 㻝㻠
㻝㻠 㻝㻟 㻝㻠
㻝㻠 㻝㻟
㻝㻝 㻝㻝
㻝㻣 㻝㻣 㻝㻡 㻝㻥 㻝㻢
㻝㻢 㻝㻣 㻝㻢
㻝㻣 㻝㻢
㻝㻢 㻝㻢
㻝㻥 㻝㻤
㻞㻥 㻞㻤 㻞㻜
㻜 㻡㻜 㻝㻜㻜 㻝㻡㻜 㻞㻜㻜
㻝㻥㻥㻣 䇻㻥㻤 䇻㻥㻥 㻞㻜㻜㻜 䇻㻜㻝 䇻㻜㻞 䇻㻜㻟 䇻㻜㻠 䇻㻜㻡 䇻㻜㻢 䇻㻜㻣 䇻㻜㻤 䇻㻜㻥 䇻㻝㻜 䇻㻝㻝
䛭䛾 Ꮨ⠇ປാ
⮫ປാ ὴ㐵ປാ
᭷ᮇዎ⣙ 㻔ே䠅
㸦ὀ㸧㸯㸬ྛᖺࡶ 7-9 ᭶ᮇࡢ್ࠋ
㸰㸬ᲬࢢࣛࣇෆࡢྛᩘᏐࡣࠊࢸ࣏࣮ࣥࣛࣜ㞠⏝⪅ࡢྛᙧែูேᩘࠋ 㸦㈨ᩱ㸧Office for National Statistics, Labour Force Survey. March 2011, EMP07 ࡼࡾ
17 Slater, G.(2010)Non-Regular Employment in the United Kingdom, 2010. (http://www.jil.go.jp/english/reports/documents/jilpt-reports/no.10_u.k.pdf), p.48ࠋ
㸰㸬Ꮫ࣭◊✲ᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿປാዎ⣙ࡘ࠸࡚
Ꮫ࣭◊✲ᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿᩍဨ࣭◊✲⪅ࡢປാዎ⣙㛵ࡍࡿἲไ
ᮏ㡯࡛ࡣࠊᏛ࠾ࡼࡧ◊✲ᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢ⏝ᐇែࡢᴫせࢆ♧ࡍࠋࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣࠊ
᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡢศ㔝ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡢ㛫ᕪ␗ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡲࡓබ❧
Ꮫࡸබⓗ◊✲ᶵ㛵࡛ാࡃ◊✲⪅ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ୍⯡ᴗ㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿ⪅␗࡞ࡿつᐃࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿ ࡇࡶ࡞࠸ࠋゝ࠸࠼ࢀࡤࠊࠕ2002 ᖺ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅㸦┈ྲྀࡾᢅ࠸㜵Ṇ㸧㛵ࡍࡿつ๎ࠖࡣࠊ
◊✲ศ㔝࠾ࡼࡧᡤᒓᶵ㛵ࢆၥࢃࡎࠊ࡚ࡢ◊✲⪅㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿ㸦ࡇࡢつ๎ࡢヲ⣽ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊA.1.1 㡯ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢୗ࡛㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿ◊✲⪅ࡣࠊࡑࡢ㈨㔠ᥦ౪⪅ࡀᏛ࣭◊✲࡛࠶ࡿእ㒊ᶵ 㛵࡛࠶ࡿ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊྠࡌࡼ࠺ᢅࢃࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸿࣭࣮࣎ࣝ༤ኈ㸦Dr A. Ball㸧ࣂࢹ
࣮ࣥᏛࡢッゴ㸦2008 ᖺ㸧࡛☜❧ࡉࢀࡓ18ࠋ
ࣂࢹ࣮ࣥᏛࡢ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙㛵ࡍࡿ᪉㔪ࡣࠊࠕ▷ᮇຓᡂࡢ᭦᪂ࡀᙜ㠃ぢ㎸ࡵ࡞࠸ࠊ࠶
ࡿ࠸ࡣෆ㒊ࡲࡓࡣእ㒊ࡽࡢ㈨㔠ࢆ☜ಖ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠊࡲࡓࡣ࡛ࡁࡑ࠺࡞࠸ሙྜࠖ᭷ᮇປാዎ
⣙ࢆ⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡢ᮲㡯ࡀ┒ࡾ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓྠᏛ࡛ࡣࠊ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢ⤊ࡣᏛࡢ ゎ㞠ไᗘࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡇࡀ័⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ19ࠋ
ᮏ௳ࡢཎ࿌࡞ࡗࡓ㸿࣭࣮࣎ࣝ༤ኈ㸦ࣂࢹ࣮ࣥᏛື≀Ꮫ㒊ࡢࣜࢧ࣮ࢳࣇ࢙࣮ࣟ㸧ࡣࠊ1999 ᖺ㸲᭶ࡽ㸱ᅇ㐃⥆࡛ྠᏛዎ⣙ࢆ⤖ࡧ⥅⥆ົࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋྛዎ⣙ࡣᏛእࡽࡢ▷ᮇຓᡂࡼ ࡗ࡚㈥ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ20ࠋ
ุᡤࡣࠊ◊✲ຓᡂࡀ▷ᮇࡔࡽ࠸ࡗ࡚᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡼࡿ㞠⏝ࡀ⮬ືⓗṇᙜࡉࢀࡿࢃ ࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ุ᩿ࡋࡓ㸦㸲ᖺࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࢆṇᙜࡍࡿࠕᐈほⓗ࡞᰿ᣐࠖࡢ㊊㸧ࠋࡲ ࡓุᡤࡣࠊࣂࢹ࣮ࣥᏛࡣ㸿࣭࣮࣎ࣝ༤ኈ㸱ᅇ┠ࡢዎ⣙ࢆᥦ♧ࡋࡓⅬ࡛ࠊ↓ᮇປാዎ
⣙ࡢᥦ♧ࡀྍ⬟࠺ࡘ࠸࡚ホ౯ࢆᐇࡍࡁࡔࡗࡓ⤖ㄽ࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ21ࠋ
18 http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=402284
19 http://www.ucl.ac.uk/unions/UCU/rights/fixedterm/aberdeen_tribunal.pdf
20 http://www.ucu.org.uk/index.cfm?articleid=3340
21 http://www.ucu.org.uk/index.cfm?articleid=3340
ุỴ࡛ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤖ㄽࡀୗࡉࢀࡓ22㸸
x Ꮫࡣ↓ᮇປാዎ⣙࡛◊✲⪅ࢆ㞠⏝ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊゎ㞠ᡭ⥆ࡁᚑࡗ࡚ࢫࢱࢵࣇࢆゎ㞠࡛ࡁࡿࡓ
ࡵࠊ$࣭࣮࣎ࣝ༤ኈࢆ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡋࡓࡋ࡚ࡶⴭࡋࡃ┈ࢆ⿕ࡿࡇࡣ࡞࠸
x ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅ࠊ㏻ᖖࡢ㸦↓ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢປാ⪅㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿ㸧ゎ㞠ᡭ⥆᪉㔪㸦බṇ࡞ 㑅ูᡭ⥆ࡁ࡞㸧ࢆ㐺⏝ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊປാዎ⣙ࡀ᭷ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ⌮⏤ᚑᴗဨ┈
࡞ྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࢆࡍࡿࡇࢆ⚗ࡌࡓἲⓗせ௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡳ࡞ࡉࢀࡿ
22 http://www.ucl.ac.uk/unions/UCU/rights/fixedterm/aberdeen_tribunal.pdf
Ꮫ࣭◊✲ᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢᐇែ
ࢠࣜࢫࡢ◊✲⪅ᨭ⤌⧊࡛࠶ࡿ Vitae23ࡼࡿࠊྠᅜࡢබⓗ◊✲ᶵ㛵ࡸᅜ❧Ꮫ࡛ࡣ᭷ᮇປ
ാዎ⣙ࡀᴟࡵ୍࡚⯡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ24ࠋ
ࢠࣜࢫ᭱ࡢᏛᩍ⫋ဨ⤌ྜ࡛࠶ࡿᏛ࣭࢝ࣞࢵࢪ⤌ྜ㸦UCU㸸University and College Union㸧ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡶࡇ࠺ࡋࡓഴྥࡣ᫂ࡽ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ2011 ᖺ 10 ᭶Ⅼ࡛ࢠࣜࢫࡢᏛ◊✲⪅ࡢ
⣙ 70㸣25 ࡀ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢୗ࡛㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋVitae ࡣࡇࡢྜࢆ 77㸣ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ26ࠋ࠸ࡎࢀ
ࡶ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔ࢆྵࡴ࠶ࡽࡺࡿศ㔝ࡢ◊✲⪅ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓㄪᰝ࡛࠶ࡾࠊศ㔝ࡈࡢ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢ
⏝ᐇែ㛵ࡍࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࡣぢ࠶ࡓࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ
Vitae ࡣ 2010 ᖺࡢሗ࿌᭩࡛ࠊ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃ⤌⧊ᩥࡣ⦆ࡸኚࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡾࠊ
᭷ᮇዎ⣙◊✲⪅ࡢᩘࢆῶࡽࡍࡇࢆ☜⣙ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᏛࡶ࠶ࡿ㸦ලయⓗ࡞Ꮫྡࡣグࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞
࠸㸧ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ27ࠋ
୍⯡ⓗࠊࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣᏛ◊✲⪅ࡢ㞠⏝᮲௳ࢆᨵၿࡍࡿࡼ࠺ồࡵࡿᅽຊࡀ◊✲ศ㔝ࢆၥࢃ ࡎᙉ࠸ゝࡗ࡚࠸࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺28ࠋ࠼ࡤ 2008 ᖺࡣࠊࠕ◊✲⪅ࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ㛤Ⓨᨭ༠ᐃ㸦The Concordat to Support the Career Development of Researchers㸧ࠖࡀ⥾⤖ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ༠ᐃࡣᮏ
㉁ⓗ㈨㔠ᥦ౪⪅◊✲⪅ࡢ㞠⏝ࡼࡿྜព࡛࠶ࡾࠊ◊✲⪅࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢ࢟ࣕࣜᙧᡂࢆᨭࡍ
ࡿࡢࡀ┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ྛᏛࡣࡇࡢ༠ᐃ⨫ྡࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊࠕḢᕞ◊✲⪅᠇❶㸦European Charter for Researchers 㸧ࠖ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ࠕ ◊ ✲ ⪅ ࡢ 㞠 ⏝ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ⾜ ື つ ⠊ 㸦 Code of Conduct for the Recruitment of Researchers㸧ࠖ㊊୪ࡳࢆᥞ࠼ࡿጼໃࢆ♧ࡋࡓ࠸࠼ࡿࠋྠ᠇❶ࡣ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙
ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࠕ㞠⏝ࡸ㈨㔠ᥦ౪⪅ࡣࠊ㞠⏝ዎ⣙ࡢᏳᐃࡉࡀ◊✲⪅ࡢᡂ⦼ᝏᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡉ࡞࠸
ࡼ࠺ࡍࡁ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᚑࡗ࡚ࠊEU ࡢ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ᣦ௧࡛つᐃࡉࢀࡓཎ๎࠾ࡼࡧ᮲㡯ࢆᐇ⾜ࡋ㑂Ᏺࡋ
࡞ࡀࡽࠊ◊✲⪅ࡢ㞠⏝᮲௳ࡢᏳᐃᛶࢆ࡛ࡁࡿ㝈ࡾྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡇࢆ☜⣙ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ ㅻࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ29ࠋ
23 ⱥᅜ◊✲㆟㸦Research Councils UK : RCUK㸧ࡽࡢຓࢆཷࡅ࡚㐠Ⴀࡉࢀࠊ◊✲⪅ࡢࡓࡵࡢ◊ಟ
ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࠊᏛ㛫࡛᪂ࡋ࠸⪃࠼ࡸࢆඹ᭷࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᯟ⤌ࡳࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ཧ
⪃㸸ຍ㈡ᾴᏊ(2011)ࠕ㨩ຊⓗ࡞◊✲⪅ࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ̿ⱥᅜࣜࢧ࣮ࢳ࢝࢘ࣥࢩࣝࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ㛤Ⓨࣉ
ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ̿ࠖ㸦JSPS ࣟࣥࢻࣥࠕⱥᅜᏛ⾡ሗࠖ㸧㸧ࠋ
24 http://www.vitae.ac.uk/CMS/files/upload/Fixed-term%20contract_July_2010.pdf
25 http://www.ucu.org.uk/media/pdf/i/l/Res_survival_guide_Oct11.pdf
26 http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=417295
27 http://www.vitae.ac.uk/CMS/files/upload/Fixed-term%20contract_July_2010.pdf
28 http://www.academiccareer.manchester.ac.uk/about/phdandbeyond/fixedterm/
29 http://ec.europa.eu/eracareers/pdf/am509774CEE_EN_E4.pdf
༠ᐃࡣ௨ୗࡢ࢙࢘ࣈࢧࢺ࡛☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸸
http://www.vitae.ac.uk/CMS/files/upload/Vitae-Concordat-2011.pdf Ḣᕞ◊✲⪅᠇❶ࡣ௨ୗࡢ࢙࢘ࣈࢧࢺ࡛☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸸
http://ec.europa.eu/eracareers/pdf/am509774CEE_EN_E4.pdf
ᐇ㝿ࠊ2011 ᖺࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡼࡿࠊ᭷ᮇዎ⣙◊✲⪅ࡢᩘࡣῶᑡഴྥ࠶ࡿ㸦2009 ᖺࡣయ ࡢ 83㸣ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ2011 ᖺࡣ 77㸣ࡲ࡛పୗ㸧ࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙࡛ാࡃ◊✲⪅ࡢዎ
⣙ᮇ㛫ࡣ▷⦰ഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀࠊ2011 ᖺࡣዎ⣙ࡢ㸲௨ୖࡀ 12 ࣨ᭶௨ෆࡲࡿࡼ࠺࡞ ࡗࡓࡳࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ30ࠋ
30 http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=417295
㸱㸬Ꮫ࣭◊✲ᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿປാዎ⣙ࡢᐇែ㸦ㄪᰝ㸧
8&/㸦8QLYHUVLW\&ROOHJH/RQGRQ㸧
⤌⧊ᴫせ
University College London㸦௨ୗࠊUCL㸧ࡣࠊ1826 ᖺタ❧ࡉࢀࡓࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢ୰ᚰ㒊⨨ ࡍࡿつᶍ࡞Ꮫ࣭◊✲ᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡿࠋUCL ࡣࣟࣥࢻࣥᏛ᭱ึࡢ࢝ࣞࢵࢪ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࣟࣥࢻࣥ Ꮫࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿࡢᶵ㛵ྠᵝࠊ⊂❧ࡋࡓᏛᤵᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡿࠋᏛࡢ◊✲ࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ࡛ࡣࠊࢠࣜ ࢫ࡛ࡣ࢜ࢡࢫࣇ࢛࣮ࢻ࣭ࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪ⥆ࡁ㸱ࠊࣟࣥࢻ࡛ࣥࡣ㸯࠸࠺⤖ᯝ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㞠⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢᩘࡣ㸯ྡࠋᖖ⟬㸦Full Time Equivalent㸧ࡍࡿ 2500 ྡ⛬ᗘࡢ ࢫࢱࢵࣇࡀ࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ୰ࡣ◊✲⪅ࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊ⛎᭩ࡸົࢆᢸ࠺⪅ࡶྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ປാዎ⣙ࡢᐇែ
UCL ࡛ࡣࠊཎ๎ࡋ࡚᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࢆ⥾⤖ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿ≉ᐃࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢ ࡓࡵ㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿሙྜ࡛ࡶࠊࡑࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᮇ㛫ࡀ㸰ᖺ௨ୖ࠶ࡿሙྜࡣࠊࡍ࡚↓ᮇ㞠⏝ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࢀ IT 㛵㐃ࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡛ᮇ㛫ࡀ㸰ᖺࡼࡾ▷࠸ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢሙྜࡣ᭷ᮇ㞠
⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖࡲࢀ࡞ࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡣࢇ࠸࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡑࡢ㝿ࠊዎ⣙᭩ࡣࠕಖ㞀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㞠⏝㈨㔠ࡣŏŏᖺŏ᭶ࡲ࡛ࠊࡑࡢᚋ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞㈨㔠ࡢ┠㏵ ࡀ❧ࡓ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣࠊேဨᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚ࡢゎ㞠ࡶ࠶ࡾ࠺ࡿࠖ᫂グࡍࡿࠋ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ⥅⥆
ⓗ࡞㈨㔠ࡢ┠㏵ࡀ❧ࡘሙྜࡣ᭦᪂ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡇࡢዎ⣙ᙧែࡋ࡚࠾ࡃ
ࡑࡢᡭ㛫ࢆ┬ࡃࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿ㞠⏝࡛࡞࠸ሙྜࡣࠊ㈨㔠ࡢᮇ᪥ࢆ᭩࠸ࡓୖグ ࡢ୍ᩥࡣዎ⣙᭩ྵࡲࢀ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡇࡢ୍ᩥࡢ᭷↓ࡀࡑࡢᚋࡢゎ㞠ᡭ⥆࠾࠸࡚≉ᕪࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ
ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ཎ๎ࡋ࡚↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⌮⏤ࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢ୕Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ୍Ⅼ┠ࡣࠊ↓ᮇዎ⣙ࢆ⥾⤖ࡍࡿ ࡇ࡛◊✲⪅ࡢ㌟ศࡀࡼࡾᏳᐃࡋࠊࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡀྥୖࡍࡿࡇࠋఫᏯ࣮ࣟࣥࡸಖ㝤➼ࡶ⤌ࡳ
ࡸࡍࡃࠊᏛࡢࢥ࣑ࢵࢺ࣓ࣥࢺࡀᙉࡃ࡞ࡿࠋⅬ┠ࡣࠊேဨᩚ⌮ࢆ⾜࠺㝿ࠕ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡿ ࡇࢆ⌮⏤ࠊࡢேࡼࡾࡶඛゎ㞠ࡉࢀࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖッゴࢆ㉳ࡇࡉࢀࡿࣜࢫࢡࡀῶᑡࡋࠊ ᑗ᮶ⓗ࡞ࢺࣛࣈࣝࢆᮍ↛㜵ࡄࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࠋ୕Ⅼ┠ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡀ᭱ࡢ⌮⏤ࡔࡀࠊཎ๎ ࡋ࡚ࡍ࡚ࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇࢆ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊࠕUCL ࡣࡼ࠸㞠⏝⪅ࠖࡋ࡚Ꮫࡢࣈࣛࣥࢻ౯
್ࡀୖࡀࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㈨㔠ษࢀࡼࡿゎ㞠ࡢᑐ㇟࡞ࡿࡢࡣᅄ༙ᮇ࡛ 500 ྡ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ
࠺ࡕࠊࡢ࣏ࢫࢺࡀぢࡘࡽ࡞࠸➼ࡢ⌮⏤࡛ᐇ㝿ゎ㞠࡞ࡿࡢࡣ 20㸣⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ᐇ㦂⿵ຓ⪅ࡸ⛎᭩ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊཎ๎ࡋ࡚↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋከࡃࡣᏛࡢண⟬ࡼࡗ࡚㞠
⏝ࡉࢀࠊ」ᩘࡢ◊✲⪅ࡢ⿵ຓࢆ⾜࠺ࠋእࡋ࡚᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡀ⥾⤖ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊ⏘ఇࡸ⫱ඣఇ
ᬤࠊẼఇᬤࡢ௦᭰せဨࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣ㸰ᖺࡼࡾ▷࠸ IT 㛵ಀࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࠾࠸࡚㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿሙྜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡢ◊✲ᶵ㛵␗࡞ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ⌮⏤ࡼࡗ࡚ࡢࡳ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࢆ⤖ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ ࡓࡵࠊ㞠⏝ዎ⣙ࡢᮇ㛫ࡀኚ▷࠸ࠋ
⫋✀ู᭷ᮇ㞠⏝⪅ࡢᩘࢆࡳࡿࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡣㅮᖌ㸦◊✲ࡣ⾜ࢃࡎㅮ⩏ࢆᢸᙜࡍࡿ⫋✀㸧ከ
࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ◊✲⪅࡛ࡣ⏘ఇ࣭⫱ఇࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㝿௦᭰せဨࢆ㞠⏝ࡋ࡞࠸ࡇࡀከ࠸ࡢᑐࡋࠊ ㅮᖌࡣ௦᭰せဨ㸦㸻᭷ᮇ㞠⏝㸧ࢆ㞠⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡀከ࠸ࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࣭ㄢ㢟➼
㸺↓ᮇປാዎ⣙ࢆ๓ᥦࡋࡓே⟶⌮㸼
ࡲࡎࠊ↓ᮇዎ⣙࡛㞠⏝ࡍࡿ࠸࠺᪉㔪ࡣ UCL ⊂⮬ࡢࡶࡢ࡛ࠊἲᚊ➼࡛ᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ
࡞࠸ࠋࡢᏛ࡛ࡣ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢẚ⋡ࡣ㧗ࡃࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪉㔪ࢆ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊ࠾ࡑࡽࡃ UCL
ࣂࢹ࣮ࣥᏛࡢ㸰ᰯ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣂࢹ࣮ࣥᏛ࡛ࡣ◊✲⪅ࡢ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࢆࡵࡄࡿッゴ㸦2008 ᖺ㸧ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ㔜せ࡞ุࡋ࡚ࡑࡢᚋࡶཧ↷ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊUCL ࡛ࡣࡑࡢッゴࡼࡾࡶ๓ࡢ 2005 㹼2006 ᖺ࠶ࡓࡾࡽࠊ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࢆ๓ᥦࡋࡓ㞠⏝⟶⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ඛࡶ㏙ࡓ㏻ࡾࠊࢫࢱࢵࣇࢆཎ๎↓ᮇዎ⣙࡛㞠⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡣࠊࠕUCL ࡣ◊✲⪅ࡢ౯್ࢆホ౯ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࠸࠺ᙉ࠸ᑐእⓗ࡞࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪ࡞ࡾࠊࡲࡓ㈨㔠ࡀ⥅⥆ࡍࡿሙྜࡢዎ⣙᭦᪂ᡭ⥆ࡁࡢ ᡭ㛫ࢆ┬ࡃࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢ㛫࡛ฎ㐝ࢆᕪูࡍࡿࡇࡣ
⚗ࡌࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ↓ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㈤㔠ࡸఇᬤࠊゎ㞠ࡢ㝿ࡢᡭᙜ࡚➼ ࡣኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⋓ᚓ࡛ࡁࡿእ㒊㈨㔠ࡢከᐻࠊࠕ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࢆ๓ᥦࡍࡿࠖ࠸࠺ࡇࡢ᪉ 㔪ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾ㛵ಀࡀ࡞࠸ࠋ
㸺ே㒊ࡼࡿᡭ⥆ࡁࡢᨭ㸼
ࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢ㞠⏝ࡣ UCL ࡔࡀࠊᐇ㝿ࡢேᡭ⥆ࡁࡣྛᏛ㒊࡛⾜࠺ࡇ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊே㒊ࡣ
⯡ࢃࡓࡗ࡚ࡑࡢᨭࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉እ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿ㞠⏝ࡢሙྜࡣࠊ㈨㔠※ࡶྵࡵ࡚ࢹ࣮ ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡼࡿ⟶⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࡲࡎ᪂ࡋࡃࢫࢱࢵࣇࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓ㝿ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ⌧ᅾࡢ㈨㔠ࡢ
⤊᪥ࢆධຊࡍࡿࠋࡍࡿࠊ㈨㔠ࡀษࢀࡿ㸷࢝᭶๓ࠊࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡽ⮬ືⓗᏛ㒊ࡢ࣐ࣜࣥ ࢲɆࡀᒆࡃ⤌ࡳ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࣐ࣜࣥࢲɆࡀ᮶ࡓⅬ࡛Ꮫ㒊ࡣࡑࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚㞠⏝ ࡍࡿࠊゎ㞠ࡍࡿ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚㞠⏝ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ㈨㔠ࡀぢࡘࢀࡤࡑࡢ᪨ࢆ㈈ົ㒊ሗ࿌ ࡋࠊ㈈ົ㒊࡛ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆࢵࣉࢹ࣮ࢺࡍࡿࠋᮇ᪥ࡲ࡛ࡑࢀࡀぢࡘࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊᏛ㒊࠾
࠸࡚ゎ㞠ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ
ே㒊㈈ົ㒊ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡣูࡢࡶࡢࡔࡀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࣜࣥࢡࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊே㒊ࡀ⟶⌮ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྛᏛ㒊ࡶே㛵㐃ࡢᢸᙜ⪅ࡀ࠸࡚ࠊᏛ㒊㛗ࡀ㈐௵ࢆࡶࡗ࡚ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆ⾜࠺ࠋே㒊ࡣ
Ꮫయࡢ᪉㔪ࢆᐃࡵࡓࡾࠊࣞࢱ࣮ࡢᵝᘧࢆỴࡵࡓࡾࠊົᡭ⥆ࡁࡸ⟶⌮ࢆࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࠋయࡢ ࢫࢱࢵࣇᩘࡶࠊᅄ༙ᮇࡈࡢゎ㞠ᑐ㇟⪅ࡶ㠀ᖖከࡃࠊே㒊࡛ࡣฎ⌮ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡓࡵࠊᐇ㝿ࡢᡭ
⥆ࡁࡣྛᏛ㒊௵ࡏࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸺࣏ࢪࢩࣙࣥᛂࡌࡓᨭ㸼
ே㒊࡛ࡣᵝࠎ࡞࣏ࢪࢩࣙࣥࡢேࡢᨭࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᏛ㒊㛗ࡸ◊✲ࢳ࣮࣒ࡢ࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ
ࢆࡍࡿேᮦࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓࠕ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ㛤Ⓨࢥ࣮ࢫࠖࢆᐇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋලయⓗࡣࠊ㞠⏝ἲ 㛵ࡍࡿ◊ಟࡸேࠊண⟬⟶⌮➼㛵ࡍࡿ◊ಟࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡲࡓ᫂☜࡞࣏ࣜࢩ࣮࣭ᡭ㡰᭩࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ సᡂࡋ࡚࢞ࢲࣥࢫࡋ࡚࠺ࡼ࠺ᣦ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋண⟬ࡢ⟶⌮㈐௵ࢆྛ࣐ࢿࢪ࣮ࣕ࠼ࠊ㛫㐪
࠸ࢆ≢ࡏࡤᮏேࡢᦆ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞⤌ࡳࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋእ㒊㈨㔠ࢆά⏝ࡍࡿ◊✲⪅ࡣఱⓒ࣏
ࣥࢻ࠸࠺㈨㔠ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㐺ษ࡞࠸᪉ࢆᣦᑟࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋᏛ㒊 㛗ࡢ௵ᮇࡣ㸳ᖺ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㸳ᖺࡀ⤒ࡘࡢ◊✲⪅ࡀᏛ㒊㛗࡞ࡗ࡚࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ◊ಟࢆཷࡅࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡣ㛗ᮇⓗࡣⰋ࠸⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ▷ᮇⓗࡳࡿࠊ㸳ᖺࡈ㸯ࡽᩍ࠼┤ࡉ࡞࠸࠸ࡅ
࡞࠸࠸࠺ㄢ㢟ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ
ⱝ࠸◊✲⪅ྥࡅࡣࠊࠕึᮇ࢟ࣕࣜࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖ࠸ࡗࡓⱝᖺᒙ≉ࡋࡓ࢟ࣕࣜ㛤Ⓨࡢࣉ
ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓ୍⯡ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆཷㅮࡍࡿࡇࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣ Vitae ࠸࠺
⤌⧊ࡀᐇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣮ࢫࠊUCL ⊂⮬࡛ᐇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣮ࢫࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ࠼ࡤᒚṔ᭩㸦CV㸧ࡢ ຠᯝⓗ࡞᭩ࡁ᪉ࡸ㠃᥋ᣦᑟࡶ⾜࠺ࠋࡑࡢࡶ UCL ෆ㒊࡛ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆබເࡋࠊඃ⚽࡞
⏬ࢆฟࡋࡓே㈹㔠ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࢆ࠼ࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋබເࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡣࠕୡ⏺ࡢᗣࠖࠕேࡢ ᗣࠖࠕᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㒔ᕷࠖࠕ␗ᩥ┦స⏝ࠖ࠸ࡗࡓᏛ㝿ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࠊඃ⚽࡞ⱝ࠸ேዲወᚰࢆᣢ ࡗ࡚Ⰽࠎྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛ࡶࡽ࠺ࡃࠊ⏝ពࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢྲྀ⤌ࡣࠕࣜࢧ࣮ࢳࣃ࢜ࢽࠖࠕࣜࢧ࣮ ࢳ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࠖ➼ࡤࢀࡿࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊᮏேࡢ⬟ຊࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㈨㔠㠃ࡢ⌮⏤ࡽ◊✲⪅ࡢ࣏ࢫࢺࡣ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
⬟ຊࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࢃࡽࡎ◊✲⪅ࡢ࣏ࢫࢺࢆᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸ேࡀࠊẸ㛫࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡢ㒊㛛ᑵ⫋ࡋ࡚ࠊ ᑓ㛛ᢏ⬟ࢆάࡋ࡚⏕ࡁ࡚࠸ࡃ࠸࠺ࡇࡣ࡚ࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋUCL ࡣ௨๓ࡼࡾ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡢ㛵ಀ
ࢆᙉࡵ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡾࠊᐇ♫ᙺ❧ࡘࠊ⏘ᴗ⏺⛣⾜ྍ⬟࡞ᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ㔜どࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡢࣜࣥࢡ࣭ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆษࡋࠊᆅඖ࡛࠶ࡿࣟࣥࢻࣥࡸୡ⏺ࡢⓎᒎࡢຊ࡞ࡾ ࡓ࠸ࠋࡑࡢࡇࡀࠊⱝ࠸◊✲⪅ࡀᗈ࠸ୡ⏺࡛ά㌍ࡍࡿࡇࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸺ッゴ➼㸼
᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡇࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝㛵ࡍࡿッゴࡢࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡋࠊ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢࢫࢱ
ࢵࣇ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡢッゴࡣ࠶ࡿࠋதⅬࡣேဨᩚ⌮࡞ࡗࡓࡁ↓ᮇ࠸࠺ዎ⣙࡛࠶ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽᐇ
㉁ࡣ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡾࠊࠕ⮬ศࢆゎ㞠Ỵᐃࡍࡿ๓ࠊࡀ࡞࠸ࡶࡗᗈࡃぢࡿࡁ࡛ࡣ
࡞ࡗࡓࡢࠖࠕ⠊ᅖࢆ㝈ࡗ࡚ேဨᩚ⌮ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖ࠸࠺ッ࠼ࡀከ࠸ࠋ
ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢࡇࢁࡣࠊࡍ࡚ UCL ഃࡀッࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᚋࡶࡍ࡚ッ࡞ࡿࡣࡂࡽ࡞
࠸ࡓࡵࠊ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪᏛ㸦&DPEULGJH8QLYHUVLW\㸧
⤌⧊ᴫせ
ࢠࣜࢫࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ⥲ྜᏛ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࣀ࣮࣋ࣝ㈹ཷ㈹⪅ࢆࡣࡌࡵࡍࡿⴭྡ࡞◊✲⪅ࢆከࡃ㍮ ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢝ࣞࢵࢪไࢆࡾࠊ31 ࡢ࢝ࣞࢵࢪࡽᡂࡿࠋ
ࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪᏛࡣ 9,950 ྡࢆ㞠⏝ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ 3,327 ྡࡀ◊✲⪅㸦ᵝࠎ࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ◊
✲⪅ࢆྵࡴ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ◊✲⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕ 54%ࡀ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࠊ46%ࡀ↓ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢୗ࡛㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋ
◊✲⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕ 48%ࡀࢠࣜࢫࡢฟ㌟࡛ࠊ52%ࡀᅜእฟ㌟⪅࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ20%ࡀ 30 ṓᮍ‶ࠊ63% ࡀ 30 ṓࡽ 45 ṓࠊ14%ࡀ 46 ṓࡽ 60 ṓࠊ3%ࡀ 60 ṓࢆ㉸࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ປാዎ⣙ࡢᐇែ
ᐇ㦂⿵ຓࡣࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡤࢀࡿᢏ⾡⪅ࠊ࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡸ Ph.D ೃ⿵⪅㸦༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢᏛ⏕㸧
࠸ࡗࡓࠊ◊✲ᐊࡢ୰ࡢⱝ࠸࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡀᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡣࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡗ࡚㞠⏝ࡉ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢ⪅ࠊྛᏛ㒊ࡢண⟬࡛㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢ⪅ࡢ୧᪉ࡀ࠸ࡿࠋ௨๓ࡣᚋ
⪅ࡀከࡗࡓࡀࠊ㏆ᖺࡣ๓⪅ࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
3,327 ྡࡢ◊✲⪅ࡢ༙ᩘ㉸ࡀࠊ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢୗ࡛㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪᏛࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ ࠕ࡞ࡿࡃ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࢆ⥾⤖ࡍࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᐈほⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࡀ࠶ࢀࡤ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡶㄆࡵࡿࠖ࠸࠺᪉㔪
ࢆ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᩍᤵ⫋ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ◊✲⪅ࡣࠊ㏻ᖖࡣ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡔࡀࠊ୍㒊ࡣ≉ᐃࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓ
ࡵ㏥⫋᪥ࢆᐃࡵࡓ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢ⪅ࡶΰᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࠕᐈほⓗ⌮⏤ࠖࡣࠊ⏘ఇࡸ⫱ඣఇᬤࠊ㛗ᮇఇᬤࡢ௦᭰せဨࡋ࡚ࡢ㞠⏝ࡢࠊእ㒊㈨ 㔠ࡼࡿ≉ᐃࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᚑࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ㞠⏝ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶ㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࡑࢀࡣࠊࡑࡢ ዎ⣙ࡼࡗ࡚㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿಶேࡀࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢࡳᚑࡋࠊࡢᴗົᚑࡋ
࡞࠸ሙྜ㝈ࡿ㸦ࢇࡢሙྜࠊ≉ᐃࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢࡳᚑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᐈほⓗ⌮⏤ ヱᙜࡋࠊ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ࢆ⥾⤖ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࠋ
ࡓࡔࡋࠊண⟬ࡀ⥅⥆ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢຓᡂᮇ㛫ࡼࡾࡶ▷࠸㞠⏝ዎ⣙ࢆ⥾
⤖ࡋࠊఱᗘࡶ᭦᪂ࡍࡿࡢࡣྜἲ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢほⅬࡽࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢዎ⣙ᮇ㛫ࡣࠊ
ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢຓᡂᮇ㛫ྠ୍ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ྲྀࡾỴࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊࢠࣜࢫࡢࠕ2002 ᖺ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ປാ⪅㸦┈ྲྀࡾᢅ࠸㜵Ṇ㸧㛵ࡍࡿつ๎࡛ࠖࡣࠊ㐃⥆ 㸰ᅇ௨ୖࡢዎ⣙ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸲ᖺ㛫㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿ↓ᮇ㌿ࡳ࡞ࡍᐃࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㸲ᖺࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ᭷
ᮇ㞠⏝ࡣཎ๎ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪᏛ࡛ࡣࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ ࡢሙྜ࡛ࡶࠊࡑࡢຓᡂᮇ㛫ࡀ㸲ᖺࢆ㉸࠼ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪦᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࢆ⥾⤖ ࡋࡓᚋࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿண⟬ࡀ㸲ᖺࢆ㉸࠼࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡿぢ㎸ࡳࡀࡘ࠸ࡓሙྜࠊḟࡢዎ⣙ࡽ↓ᮇ
ࡍࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡸࠊ࠶ࡽࡌࡵ㛗ᮇࡢண⟬ࡀぢ㎸ࡵࡿሙྜࡣึࡵࡽ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡍࡿ➼ࠊࢣ࣮ࢫ࣭ ࣂ࣭ࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢሙྜࡢ↓ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊዎ⣙᭩ࠕࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢண⟬ࡣۑۑᖺۑ᭶ࡲ࡛࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ࡑࡢⅬ࡛㞠⏝ዎ⣙ࡀ⤊⤖ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ࠸࠺୍ᩥࡀຍ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࣉࣟࢪ࢙ ࢡࢺ⤊⥅⥆ⓗ࡞ண⟬ࡢぢ㎸ࡳࡀ❧ࡓ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣゎ㞠࡞ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢሙྜࡣእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿ 㞠⏝࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ሙྜࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢሙྜྠࡌࡃࠊṇᘧ࡞ゎ㞠ࡳ࡞ࡋ࡚Ꮫ࡛ᐃࡵࡽࢀࡓᡭ 㡰ᚑࡗࡓゎ㞠ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ
ゎ㞠ࡢ㝿ࡣࠊࡲࡎᮏேࡢ࣑࣮ࢸࣥࢢࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ≧ἣࡢㄝ᫂ᮏேࡀ㞠⏝⪅㸦Ꮫഃ㸧᭹
⏦❧࡚ࢆࡍࡿᶒࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓᏛෆࡢ⫋ࡀ࡞࠸᥈ࡍࠊᮏேᑐ ࡋ࡚࢟ࣕࣜ࢞ࢲࣥࢫࢆᐇࡍࡿࠊ࠸ࡗࡓᨭࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ
ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊㄢ㢟➼
㸺ே㒊ࡽ⌧ሙࡢᨭ㸼
ࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢ㞠⏝㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊᐇ㉁ⓗ࡞ேᶒࡣྛ◊✲ࢳ࣮࣒ࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࣐ࢿࢪ࣮ࣕ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ ᵝࠎ࡞Ⅼ࡛ே㒊ࡀᨭࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࡲࡎࠊᏛෆ㛵ಀ⪅ࡢࡳ㜀ぴ࡛ࡁࡿ WEB ࢧࢺࠊࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢ 㞠⏝㛵ࡍࡿつᐃࡸ࢞ࢲࣥࢫࢆᑀ᫂グࡋࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࢆᚓ࡚ࢫࢱࢵࣇࢆ㞠⏝ࡍࡿࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡ ࢺ࣐ࢿࢪ࣮ࣕ㸦◊✲⪅ࡢ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ⓗᏑᅾ㸧ሗᥦ౪ࢆ⾜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋἲᚊ㛵ࡍࡿࡇࡣ」㞧
ࡘ㢖⦾ኚ᭦ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊἲ㛵ࡋ࡚࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣᐇົⓗ࡞ほⅬ࡛ሗࢆᥖ㍕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢ᥇⏝ᶒ㝈ࡣࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࣐ࢿࢪ࣮ࣕ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᶆ‽࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ᙧᘧࡢồேࢆฟ ࡍሙྜࡣࠊồேࢆฟࡍ๓ே㒊ࡢࢳ࢙ࢵࢡ࣭チྍࢆᚲせࡍࡿ⤌ࡳࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕ≉ᐃࡢ
ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᚑࡍࡿሙྜࡢࡳࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࢆㄆࡵࡿࠖࠕ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞ண⟬ࡀぢ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࡢࡶ㛵
ࢃࡽࡎࠊ▷ᮇⓗ࡞᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࢆࡋ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ࠸ࡗࡓࢻࣂࢫࡶࠊே㒊ࡀ⾜࠺ࠋ
ࡇࢀࡽࡢྲྀ⤌ࡣࠊ㐺ษ࡞ồே࣭㞠⏝ࡼࡿᑗ᮶ⓗ࡞ࢺࣛࣈࣝࡢࣜࢫࢡࢆ᭱ᑠ㝈ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡔ ࡀࠊᏛࡢつᶍᑐࡋ࡚ே㒊ࡢつᶍࡣᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵࠊࣜࢫࢡࢆ㸮ࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸⪃࠼࡚
࠸ࡿࠋ
㸺◊✲⪅ࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ㛤Ⓨ㛵ࡍࡿᨭ㸼
ࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪᏛ࡛ࡣࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ↓ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊᖹ➼ࢡࢭࢫ࡛ࡁࡿ◊✲
⪅ࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ㛤Ⓨࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⏝ពࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࠼ࡤࠊຠᯝⓗ࡞ࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ ᪉ἲࡸࠊᑵ⫋㠃᥋ࡢᑐ⟇ࠊCV㸦ᒚṔ᭩㸧ࡢ᭩ࡁ᪉ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࢻࣂࢫ➼ࠊከᙬ࡞ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀ
࠶ࡿࠋ
᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡣࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࡢ⤊ࡼࡗ࡚㞠⏝ࢆኻ࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣉࣟࢢ
࣒ࣛࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊಶࠎࡢ◊✲⪅ࡢ࢟ࣕࣜࢆᨭࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪᏛࡣୡ⏺࡛ࡶ᭱㧗ᓠࡢホ౯ࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡿᏛ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࠼▷ᮇࡢ㞠⏝࡛࠶ ࡗ࡚ࡶࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪᏛ࡛◊✲ࢆࡋࡓ࠸࠺⤒㦂ࡣࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ࠾࠸࡚᭷ാࡃ࠸
࠺ព࡛ࡶࠊ୍ࡘࡢ࢟ࣕࣜᨭ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪᏛࡣࠊᖹ➼ᛶᡂᯝ⩏ࢆ㔜ࢇࡌࡿᙉ࠸ᩥࡀ࠶ࡾࠊேࡸᐙࠊࢪ࢙
ࣥࢲ࣮ࠊே✀➼࡛ᕪูࡋ࡞࠸࠸࠺᪉㔪ࢆࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ㞠⏝ᙧែࡘ࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
◊ಟࡢࢡࢭࢫࡸఇᬤࠊ㈤㔠➼ࠊᖹ➼࡞ྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࢆ⾜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ◊✲ࡢ㈨㔠ࡣ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ ࡀࠊ㈨㔠ࡀ⥆ࡃ㝈ࡾ࠾࠸࡚ࡣබṇ㞠⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⫼ᬒࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ꮫࡢᩥࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
㸺ッゴ➼㸼
⌧ᅾッゴ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡘ࠸࡚ලయⓗᅇ⟅ࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࢺࣛࣈࣝ࡞ࡿ ࡣࠊ」㞧࡞ࢣ࣮ࢫࡀከ࠸ࠋ࠼ࡤ᭷ᮇዎ⣙ࡢୗ࡛㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿேࡀ㞠⏝ዎ⣙ᮇ㛫ෆ⫱ඣఇᬤ
ࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓሙྜࡢ㞠⏝ᮇ㛫ࡢィ⟬ࡸࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࢆᚓ࡚ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆ㐙⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࡀࠊ
ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢᮇ㛫୰Ꮫࢆ㞳ࢀู࡚ࡢ◊✲ᶵ㛵⛣ࡗࡓሙྜࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢᢅ࠸➼ࡣุ᩿ࡀ 㞴ࡋࡃࠊッゴ࡞ࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࢣ࣮ࢫ࣭ࣂ࣭ࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢺࣛࣈࣝࢆ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅᑡ࡞ࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࢆ⥾⤖ࡍࡿ㝿ࡣࠊእ㒊㈨㔠 㸦ຓᡂ㔠㸧ࡢྡ⛠ࡸࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢᮇ㛫ࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࢆṇᙜࡍࡿᐈほⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࢆዎ⣙᭩᫂グࡋࠊ ᮏே♧ࡍࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
࣭ࣥ࣌ࣜࣝ࢝ࣞࢵࢪ࣭ࣟࣥࢻࣥ㸦,PSHULDO&ROOHJH/RQGRQ㸧
⤌⧊ᴫせ
ࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢ୰ᚰ㒊⨨ࡍࡿබ❧Ꮫ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1907 ᖺタ⨨ࡉࢀࠊࡶࡶࣟࣥࢻࣥᏛࡢ࢝
ࣞࢵࢪࡢࡦࡘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ2007 ᖺ⊂❧ࡋࡓࠋ་Ꮫ㒊ࠊᕤᏛ㒊ࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ㒊ࠊ≀⌮Ꮫ㒊ࡢ 4 Ꮫ㒊࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿ⌮⣔Ꮫ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣅࢪࢿࢫࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡶ࠶ࡿࠋᏛ⏕ᩘࡣᏛ㒊⏕ࡀ⣙ 8000 ྡࠊ Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡀ⣙ 4000 ྡ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢෆ⣙ 40%ࡀ␃Ꮫ⏕࡛࠶ࡿࠋᩍဨᩘࡣ⣙ 8000 ྡࠋ
ࠕ▱㆑ゎỴ⟇ࢆ࠼ࡿࡇࠖ࠸࠺࣏ࣜࢩ࣮ࡢୗ࡛ᩍ⫱άື࣭◊✲άືࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⮬↛
⛉Ꮫ㒊࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⏕≀࣭Ꮫ࣭≀⌮࣭ᩘᏛࡢ㸲ࡘࡢศ㔝ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᏛ㒊࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣࡇࡢ㸲ࡘࠊࡑ ࡢୖ࠸ࡃศ㔝ᶓ᩿ⓗ࡞◊✲ࠊࡑࡢୖ࡛ࡣࡉࡽࡇࢀࡽࡢ⼥ྜศ㔝࡛ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝᒎ㛤࡛ࡁࡿ
◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
Ꮫࡢ◊✲ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣຓᡂ㔠ࡢ㢠࡛ ࡽࢀࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࠼ࡤᩘᖺ୍ᅇྛ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡ ࢺࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺ REF ࠸࠺ㄪᰝࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡿࠊࣥ࣌ࣜࣝ࢝ࣞࢵࢪ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿ◊✲ࡢ 76㸣ࡀࠕୡ⏺ࡢᑟⓗ❧ሙ࠶ࡿࠖㄆᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ປാዎ⣙ࡢᐇែ
⮬↛⛉Ꮫ㒊ࡣ 1300 ྡࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇࢆ᧦ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ 570 ྡࡀ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡿࠋ◊✲ࢳ࣮
࣒ࡢ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮࡞ࡿேࡣ PI㸦Principal Investigator㸧ࡤࢀࠊᏛ㒊య࡛ 900 ࡶࡢእ㒊ຓᡂ 㔠ࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦㸯ྡࡢ PI ࡀ」ᩘࡢຓᡂ㔠ࢆ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࡇࡶከ࠸㸧ࠋࣥ࣌ࣜࣝ࢝ࣞࢵࢪయ࡛ ࡣࠊࢫࢱࢵࣇࡀ⣙ 6000 ྡࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡀ 2845 ྡ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣཎ๎ࡋ࡚ࠊᐈほⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜࡢ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡣ㸲ᖺࡲ࡛ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࣥ࣌ࣜࣝ࢝ࣞࢵࢪ࡛ࡣࠊPh.D ࢆྲྀᚓࡋ࡚࠸࡚㸲ᖺࢆ㉸࠼࡚⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿேࡣ⮬ືⓗ↓ᮇ㞠
⏝࡞ࡿࠋ◊✲⪅ࡢ㞠⏝ᙧែࡣᅗ⾲ A-5 ࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ◊✲⪅ࡢ୰࡛ࡣ᭷ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡼࡗ࡚㞠
⏝ࡉࢀࡿேࡀ᭱ࡶከ࠸ࠋ
ᐇ㦂⿵ຓࢆ⾜࠺ᢏ⾡ࢩࢫࢱࣥࢺࡣࠊእ㒊ຓᡂ㔠ࡣ␗࡞ࡿᏛ୰᰾ࡢண⟬ࡼࡗ࡚㞠⏝ࡉࢀ
࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊᇶᮏⓗ↓ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ㒊 1300 ྡࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇྵࡲࢀࡿࡀࠊ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ 570 ྡࡣྵࡲࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ
ᅗ⾲ A-5 䜲䞁䝨䝸䜰䝹䞉䜹䝺䝑䝆䞉䝻䞁䝗䞁⮬↛⛉Ꮫ㒊䛻䛚䛡䜛䝇䝍䝑䝣䛾㞠⏝ᙧែ
⮬↛⛉Ꮫ㒊㻌
䝇䝍䝑䝣㻌 1300 ྡ㻌
◊✲⪅䠄Ph.D ಖ᭷䞉ྲྀᚓணᐃ䠅 570 ྡ㻌
䝸䝃䞊䝏䜰䝅䝇䝍䞁䝖䠄Ph.D ྲྀᚓ䜎䛷䠅㻌
᭷ᮇ㞠⏝䠄㒊ศ䠅㻌
↓ᮇ㞠⏝䠄䠐ᖺ䜢㉸䛘䛶⥆䛧䛯ே䛾䜏䚸䛒 䜎䜚䛺䛔䜿䞊䝇䠅㻌
䛭䛾ົ⫋ဨ➼㻌 730 ྡ㻌 ↓ᮇ㞠⏝䠄䜋䜌ဨ䠅㻌
᭷ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ↓ᮇ㞠⏝࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ㞠⏝࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡢ㈨㔠ࡀ㊊ࡋࡓሙྜࡣேဨᩚ⌮ ࡢᑐ㇟࡞ࡾࠊᕪࡣタࡅ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢᮇ㛫ࡣ㸰㹼㸱ᖺ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ
ࡀ㏻ᖖ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡼࡗ࡚㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿ◊✲⪅ࡢከࡃࡶࠊึࡵࡢዎ⣙ᮇ㛫ࡣ 㸱ᖺ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀከ࠸ࠋ
⮬↛⛉Ꮫ㒊ࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ◊✲⪅࠾ࡼࡧᐇ㦂⿵ຓࢆ⾜࠺ᢏ⾡⣔⫋ဨࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㞠⏝ᙧែู ࡢேᩘࢆࡲࡵࡓࡶࡢࡀୗᅗ⾲࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ᅗ⾲ A-6 䜲䞁䝨䝸䜰䝹䞉䜹䝺䝑䝆䞉䝻䞁䝗䞁⮬↛⛉Ꮫ㒊䛻䛚䛡䜛䝇䝍䝑䝣䛾㻌 㞠⏝ᙧែูேᩘ
⥲ᩘ㻌 ᭷ᮇ㻌 㞠⏝㻌
↓ᮇ㻌 㞠⏝㻌
◊✲⪅䝺䝧䝹 A䠄Ph.D ྲྀᚓ๓䠅㻌 73 72 1
◊✲⪅䝺䝧䝹 B䠄䝫䝇䝗䜽䠅㻌 410 334 76
◊✲⪅䝺䝧䝹 C䠄䝸䝃䞊䝏䝣䜵䝻䞊䠅㻌 54 21 33
◊✲⪅䝺䝧䝹 D䠄䝅䝙䜰䝸䝃䞊䝏䝣䜵䝻䞊䠅㻌 7 2 5
⥲ᩘ㻌 Ꮫண⟬ 㞠⏝㻌
እ㒊㈨㔠㞠⏝㻌
᭷ᮇ㻌 ↓ᮇ㻌
ᢏ⾡⣔⫋ဨ㻌 126 60
䠄↓ᮇ䠅
66
38 28
ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊㄢ㢟➼
ࣥ࣌ࣜࣝ࢝ࣞࢵࢪ࡛ࡣ࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡢᨭຊࢆධࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡣḟࡢୡ௦ࡢ◊✲⪅࡛
࠶ࡾࠊ࠸ࡎࢀᙼࡽࡀࣥ࣌ࣜࣝ࢝ࣞࢵࢪᩍᤵࡋ࡚ᡠࡗ࡚ࡃࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ2009 ᖺࡼࡾ Post-Doc Development Centre ࠸࠺⤌⧊ࢆタ❧ࡋࠊ࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡢ࢟ࣕࣜᨭྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ
࡛࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤌⧊ࡢタ❧ࡣࠊࢠࣜࢫ࠾ࡼࡧḢᕞ࡛ึࡵ࡚࡛࠶ࡾࠊḢᕞጤဨࡽࡢ⾲ᙲ
ࡶཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡢ࡞࢟ࣕࣜࣃࢫࡋ࡚ࡣࠊPh.D ྲྀᚓᚋ࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡋ࡚㞠⏝ࡉࢀࠊ㸰㹼㸱ࡢࣉࣟ ࢪ࢙ࢡࢺཧຍࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋᏛ⾡⏺࡛◊✲ࢆ⥆ࡅࡓࡅࢀࡤࠊᏛ࣭◊✲ᶵ㛵࡛ࡢ࣏ࢫࢺ㸦࢝ࢹ
࣑ࢵࢡ࣭࣏ࢪࢩࣙࣥ㸧ࢆ᥈ࡋ࡚ᛂເࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࡀࠊࡶࡋẸ㛫ᴗࡢᑵ⫋ࢆᕼᮃࡍࢀࡤࠊࡇ ࡢⅬ࡛Ẹ㛫ᴗᑵ⫋ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࣭࣏ࢪࢩࣙࣥࡢᩘࡣ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ ᨻᗓࡣẸ㛫ᴗࡢ R&D 㒊㛛ࡢⓎᒎ๓ྥࡁ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ◊✲ࡢࢫ࢟ࣝࢆᣢࡗ࡚Ẹ㛫ᴗᑵ⫋ࡍࡿ ࡇࡣࠊࡉ㞴ࡋࡃࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
Post-Doc Development Centre ࡛ࡣࠊ࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡽࡢ┦ㄯࢆཷࡅࡅࡿࠊ࢟ࣕࣜࢥࣥࢧࣝࢱ
ࣥࢺࢆ⾜࠺ࠊྛ✀ࡢ⬟ຊ㛤Ⓨ㸦◊ಟ㸧ࢥ࣮ࢫࠊPh.D ࢆᣢࡗ࡚ྛᴗ⏺࡛ά㌍ࡍࡿேࢆᣍ࠸࡚ ࡢㅮ₇ࠊಶูࡢ㠃᥋⦎⩦ࡸ CV ࡢ᭩ࡁ᪉ᣦᑟࡶ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣࠊᏛ ෆᡤᒓࡋ Ph.D ࢆಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿே࡞ࡽㄡ࡛ࡶ↓ᩱ࡛ཷࡅࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊ⏝ࡣᮏேࡢពᛮ
௵ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊᚲせᛶࢆឤࡌ࡞࠸ேࡣ⏝ࡋ࡞࠸㸦ࡶࡗࡶࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᨭࢆᚲせࡍ
ࡿேࠊ༴ᶵឤࡀ࡞ࡃ⏝ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠸࠺ㄢ㢟ࡶㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ✚ ᴟⓗ࡞ྲྀ⤌ࡣࠊḢᕞጤဨࡽࡢ⾲ᙲࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᅜ❧་Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸦1DWLRQDO,QVWLWXWHRI0HGLFDO5HVHDUFK㸧
⤌⧊ᴫせ
ᅜ❧་Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸦National Institute of Medical Researchࠊ௨ୗ NIMR㸧ࡣࠊࢠࣜࢫᨻᗓ
ࡽࡢຓᡂ㔠ࢆ࡞㈈※ࡋࡓࠊබⓗ◊✲ᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢠࣜࢫࡢࣅࢪࢿࢫ࣭ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩ࣭ࣙࣥ⫋ ᴗᢏ⬟┬㸦Department for Business, Innovation and Skills㸧ࡀᡤ⟶ࡍࡿ་Ꮫ◊✲㆟㸦Medical Research Councilࠊ௨ୗ MRC㸧ࡽࡢຓᡂ㔠ࡀࠊయண⟬ࡢ 85㸣㹼90㸣ୖࡿࠋMRC ࡣ NIMR
ࢆྵࡵ 34 ࡢ◊✲ᶵ㛵ຓᡂ㔠ࢆฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ 34 ᶵ㛵ࡢ୰࡛ NIMR ࡣࡶࡗࡶண⟬つᶍ ࡀࡁࡃࠊMRC ࡢ㛵ಀࡶ῝࠸ࠋࢠࣜࢫᗣಖ┬ࡶྠࡌࡼ࠺◊✲ᶵ㛵ࢆᡤ⟶ࡍࡿࡀࠊ ᗣಖ┬ࡢᡤ⟶ᶵ㛵ࡣ⮫ᗋ㛵ಀࢆࢸ࣮࣐ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡀከࡃࠊNIMR ࡛ࡣࡼࡾᇶ♏ⓗ࡞◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ
࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
MRC ࡽࡢຓᡂ㔠ࡣ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ண⟬㸦≉ᐃࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ⣣࡙࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸ண⟬㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊẖᖺ
◊✲ᡤᡤ㛗ࡀᐇ⦼➼ᛂࡌ࡚ྛ◊✲⪅ண⟬ࢆ㓄ศࡍࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ◊✲⪅ࡽࡣࡼࡾ₶ἑ࡞◊✲㈨ 㔠ࢆồࡵ࡚ࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᆺ◊✲ࡶᐇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋⴭྡ࡞◊✲⪅࡞ࡿࠊᕧ㢠 ࡢእ㒊㈨㔠ࢆᚓ࡚ከࡃࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇࢆᢪ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
◊✲ᡤᡤᒓࡍࡿ⫋ဨᩘࡣ࠾ࡼࡑ 664 ྡࠋࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ◊✲⪅ࡀ 388 ྡࠊ◊✲ࢆᢏ⾡㠃࠾࠸࡚ᨭ
ࡍࡿࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡀ 140 ྡࠊࡑࡢ⟶⌮㒊㛛ᚑࡍࡿᢏ⾡⿵ຓဨ㸦⫋ဨࡢᗣ㒊㛛ࡸタࡢ
࣓ࣥࢸࢼࣥࢫ➼ᚑ㸧ࡀ 48 ྡࠊࡑࡢࡢົ⫋➼ࡀ 14 ྡࠊᐇ㦂⏝ࡍࡿື≀㣫⫱タ࡛ാ ࡃᑓ㛛ࢫࢱࢵࣇࡀ 74 ྡ࡞ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽ⫋ဨࡢ࠺ࡕ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡣ㸱ศࡢ㸰⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⫋⩌ูࡢே
ᩘ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢ≧ἣࠊࡘ࠸࡚ࡣୗ⾲ࡢ࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ᅗ⾲ A-7 ᅜ❧⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ䠄National Institute of Medical Research䠅䛾⫋ဨᵓᡂ
㻌 ேᩘ䠄᭷ᮇ㞠⏝⪅ᩘ䠅㻌 ഛ⪃㻌
◊✲⪅㻌 388 ྡ㻌
䛖䛱᭷ᮇ㞠⏝䛿༙ᩘ⛬ᗘ㻌
◊✲⪅䛾୰䛾༊ศ䛡䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿⾲䠔 䜢ཧ↷䛾䛣䛸䚹㻌
䝔䜽䝙䝅䝱䞁㻌 140 ྡ㻌
䜋䛸䜣䛹䛜↓ᮇ㞠⏝䛰䛜䚸እ㒊㈨㔠䛻䜘 䜚㞠⏝䛥䜜䜛䝔䜽䝙䝅䝱䞁 㻝㻡 ྡ䛿᭷ᮇ㞠
⏝㻌
ᐇ㦂➼䛾ᢏ⾡ⓗ⿵బ䜢ᢸ䛖䚹㻌
䛭 䛾 ᢏ ⾡
⿵ຓဨ㻌
48 ྡ㻌
䜋䛸䜣䛹䛜↓ᮇ㞠⏝㻌 㻌
◊✲タ䛾䝯䞁䝔䝘䞁䝇䜔䝁䞁䝢䝳䞊 䝍㛵ಀ䛾⟶⌮䚸⫋ဨ䛾ᗣ⟶⌮➼䜢 ᢸ䛖䚹㻌
ົ⫋ဨ㻌 14 ྡ㻌
↓ᮇ㞠⏝㻌
ே䚸㈈ົ➼䜢ᢸ䛖䚹㻌
◊✲⪅ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࡉࡽ⣽ࡃ⫋✀ࠊ㞠⏝ᙧែࡀศࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾ NIMR ࡣ 55 ࡢ◊✲ࢢ
࣮ࣝࣉࡀ࠶ࡾࠊྛ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣᖹᆒࡋ࡚㸴ྡࡢ◊✲⪅ࡀᡤᒓࡋࠊ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉෆࡣ⾲㸵
♧ࡋࡓ⫋✀ࡢேࡀᅾ⡠ࡍࡿ㸦⫋✀ᵓᡂࠊேᩘࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡼࡗ࡚ᕪࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⾲♧ ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡣᖹᆒⓗ࡞ᩘᏐ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ␃ពࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡢ⫋ဨࡶ NIMR ࡀ㞠⏝࡞ࡗ࡚ປാዎ⣙ࢆ⥾⤖ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠕබົဨࠖ
࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ᅗ⾲ A-8 ᅜ❧་Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ䠄National Institute of Medical Research䠅䛾ྛ◊✲䝏䞊䝮ᵓᡂ 㻌 ேᩘ䠄᭷ᮇ㞠⏝⪅ᩘ䠅㻌 ഛ⪃㻌
㈐௵⪅㻌 ྛ䝏䞊䝮䠍ྡ㻌
↓ ᮇ 㞠 ⏝ 䠄 open-ended contract䠅㻌
㛗ᮇ䛻䜟䛯䛳䛶 NIMR 䛻ົ䛩䜛◊✲⪅䠄䝥䝻䜾䝷 䝮䝸䞊䝎䞊䠅䜒䛧䛟䛿䠒ᖺ䛾䝖䝷䜲䜰䝹ᮇ㛫䛾ᚋ䛻ᐇ⦼ 䛻ᛂ䛨䛶䝥䝻䜾䝷䝮䝸䞊䝎䞊䜈䛾Ⓩ⏝䜢⣙᮰䛧䛶䛔䜛
◊✲⪅䠄䝥䝻䜾䝷䝮䝸䞊䝎䞊䝖䝷䝑䜽㐺⏝⪅䠅䛜◊✲䜾 䝹䞊䝥䛾㈐௵⪅䛸䛺䜛䚹㻌
䝫䝇䝗䜽㻌 ྛ䝏䞊䝮䠏ྡ㻌 䠐ᖺ䛾᭷ᮇ㞠⏝㻌
Ph.D ྲྀᚓᚋ䛾ⱝ䛔◊✲⪅䚹㻌
Ꮫ⏕㻌 ྛ䝏䞊䝮䠍ྡ㻌
᭷ᮇ㞠⏝㻌
Ph.D ྲྀᚓ䛻ྥ䛡䛶 ◊✲䛩䜛༤ኈㄢ⛬䛾Ꮫ⏕䚹 NIMR 䛻Ꮫ㝔䛿䛺䛔䛜䚸ᅜෆ䛾Ꮫ䠄༙䛜 University College London䠅䛛䜙Ꮫ⏕䜢ཷ䛡ධ 䜜䚸NIMR 䛜⤥䜢ᨭᡶ䛖䜋䛛䚸䛭䛾㛫䛾Ꮫ㈝䜒㈇ ᢸ䛩䜛䚹㻌
䝸䝃䞊䝏䜰䝅 䝇䝍䞁䝖㻌
ྛ䝏䞊䝮 㻞 ྡ㻌
↓ᮇ㞠⏝㻌
㧗༞䚸ᏛᏛ㒊༞䛷 NIMR 䛻ᑵ⫋䛧䚸㛗ᖺ䛻䜟䛯䛳 䛶◊✲⪅䛾ᨭᴗົ䜢⾜䛖䚹䛯䛰䛧䚸䛸䛶䜒ඃ⚽䛺ሙ
ྜ䛿䚸䛭䛾䜎䜎◊✲⪅䛻䛺䜛䜿䞊䝇䜒䛒䜛䚹㻌
ປാዎ⣙ࡢᐇែ
๓㡯࡛♧ࡋࡓ㏻ࡾࠊNIMR ࠾ࡅࡿ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝⪅ࡣ࣏ࢫࢻࢡ Ph.D ྲྀᚓ๓ࡢᏛ⏕ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࢸࢡ ࢽࢩࣕࣥࡢ࠺ࡕእ㒊㈨㔠ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᇶ࡙࠸࡚㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿᑡᩘࡢ⪅㸦15 ྡ⛬ᗘ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᭷ᮇ 㞠⏝⪅ࡢ୰࡛ࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡗ࡚㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⫋ဨࡢྜࡣ㸱ศࡢ㸯⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
MRC ࡽࡢ୍⯡ண⟬ࡣࠊ◊✲ᡤᡤ㛗ࡢุ᩿ࡼࡾྛ◊✲ࢳ࣮࣒㓄ศࡉࢀࠊᴗ⦼ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㓄 ศ㢠ࡀỴᐃࡍࡿࠋࡲࡣྛࢳ࣮࣒࡛㸲ྡ⛬ᗘ㞠⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅࡢ㈨㔠ࡣࡇࡢண⟬ࡽ㓄ศࡉࢀ
ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀ௨ୖࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇࢆ᧦ࡋ࡚◊✲ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜࡣࠊእ㒊㈨㔠ࢆ⏦ㄳࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋ
ࣉࣟࢢ࣒࣮ࣛࣜࢲ࣮ࡀࣉ࣏࣮ࣟࢨࣝࢆ᭩࠸࡚እ㒊㈨㔠ᛂເࡋࠊ⏦ㄳࡀ㏻ࡗࡓሙྜࡣࠊࣉࣟࢢ
࣒࣮ࣛࣜࢲ࣮ࡢุ᩿࡛ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㐙⾜ᚲせ࡞࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡸࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࢆ㞠⏝ࡍࡿࠋ
࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡣࠊ MRC ࡽࡢ୍⯡ண⟬ࡼࡗ࡚㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ⣣࡙ࡃእ 㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡗ࡚㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣᐈほⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢࡳࠊ᭱㸲ᖺࡢ᭷ ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࠊ࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠕヨ⏝ᮇ㛫ࠖ࠸࠺⨨࡙ࡅ㸦ᐈほⓗ⌮⏤㸧ࡼࡾ 㸲ᖺࡢዎ⣙ࢆ⥾⤖ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡢሙྜࠊ㸲ᖺࡢ㞠⏝ᮇ㛫ࡀ⤊ࡋࡓ࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡣࠊࡢᶵ㛵࡛࣏ ࢫࢺ㸦Ꮫ➼࡛ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒࣮ࣛࣜࢲ࣮࡞ࡿࡇࡀከ࠸㸧ࢆぢࡘࡅ࡚⛣ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊື
≀ࢆࡗࡓ◊✲➼࡛⤖ᯝࡀฟࡿࡲ࡛㛫ࡀࡿࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ࡣࠊࡑࢀࢆᐈほⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࡋ࡚᭷ᮇ 㞠⏝ࢆ᭦᪂ࡍࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢከࡃࡣ㛗ᮇ㞠⏝ࢆ๓ᥦࡋ୍࡚⯡ண⟬࠾࠸࡚㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
↓ᮇዎ⣙࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍㒊ࡣእ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡗ࡚᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡶ࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ
ྜࡣᑠࡉ࠸㸦㸯⛬ᗘ㸧ࠋ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡣࠊ᪤≉ᐃࡢࢫ࢟ࣝࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿேᮦ࡛࠶
ࡾࠊ࠼ࡤᚰ⮚ᝈ㛵㐃ࡍࡿࢸ࣮࣐ࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㸦British Heart Foundation ࡽࡢຓᡂ㔠
ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ➼㸧࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᚰ⮚ᝈࡢ◊✲ᙺ❧ࡘᢏ⾡ࢆᣢࡗࡓேᮦࢆເ㞟࣭᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᙼࡽࡢ㞠⏝ዎ⣙ᮇ㛫ࡣࠊཎ๎ࡋ࡚እ㒊㈨㔠ࡼࡿࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢᮇ㛫ྠ୍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋዎ⣙ ᮇ㛫⤊ᚋ↓ᮇ㞠⏝㌿ࡍࡿࡢࡣࠊ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞㞠⏝㈨㔠ࡢぢ㏻ࡋࡀ❧ࡘሙྜࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ↓ᮇ 㞠⏝ࡢ࣏ࢫࢺࡀ✵࠸ࡓሙྜ㝈ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒࣮ࣛࣜࢲ࣮ࢺࣛࢵࢡࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ◊✲⪅ࡣࠊࡲࡎ㸴ᖺ㛫ࡢ㞠⏝ࡀಖ㞀ࡉࢀࠊ ࡑࡢ㛫ࡢᐇ⦼ࢆ㸴ᖺᚋࡢࠕࢺࣛࢵࢡࣞࣅ࣮࡛ࣗࠖホ౯ࡉࢀࠊ୍ᐃ௨ୖࡢホ౯ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓሙྜࡣ
ࣉࣟࢢ࣒࣮ࣛࣜࢲ࣮࡞ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒࣮ࣛࣜࢲ࣮ࢺࣛࢵࢡ㐺⏝⪅ࡢ㞠⏝ዎ⣙ࡣࠊᙜึ
ࡽ↓ᮇ㸦open-ended contract㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊዎ⣙᭩ࠕ㸴ᖺᚋࡢࢺࣛࢵࢡࣞࣅ࣮ࣗḟ➨࡛ࡣゎ㞠ࡢྍ
⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ᫂グࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢠࣜࢫ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊἲ࡛ᐃࡵࡽࢀࡓゎ㞠ᡭ⥆ࡁᚑ࠺㝈ࡾゎ 㞠ࡣ㞴ࡋࡃ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡣ open-ended contract㸦⤊ᮇࢆᐃࡵ࡞࠸㞠⏝ዎ⣙㸧⾲⌧ ࡉࢀࠊpermanent㸦Ọ㐲㸧࠸ࡗࡓࢽࣗࣥࢫࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࣉࣟࢢ࣒࣮ࣛࣜࢲ࣮ࢺࣛࢵࢡ㐺⏝⪅ࡶࠊ ᐇ㉁ⓗࡣ㸴ᖺ࠸࠺༊ษࡽࢀࡓᮇ㝈ෆ⤖ᯝࢆṧࡏ࡞ࡅࢀࡤࡑࡢᚋࡶ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚ NIMR ṧࡿ ࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢࡔࡀࠊࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣ㸲ᖺࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡣཎ๎ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ
ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊᙼࡽࡣ᭱ึࡽ↓ᮇປാዎ⣙ࡢୗ࡛㞠⏝ࡍࡿ࠸࠺⤌ࡳ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡣ㸲ᖺࡢ௵ᮇ⤊ᚋࡣᶵ㛵⛣ࡿேࡀࢇ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊὶືᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡀࠊ↓ ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡢ㞳⫋⋡ࡣࡢ⫋✀ྠ⛬ᗘ࡛ࠊ≉㧗࠸ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࠋ
ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊㄢ㢟➼
㸺ே㒊ࡼࡿᨭ㸼
᭷ᮇ㸭↓ᮇ㞠⏝㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊ᥇⏝࣭ゎ㞠㛵ࡋ࡚ࡢỴᐃᶒࡣྛ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ㝿
ࡣᚲࡎே㒊ࡀᨭࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉ゎ㞠ࡢ㝿ࡢᡭ⥆ࡁࡣே㒊୍௵ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡀከ࠸ࠋ ࡇࢀࡣࠊἲⓗၥ㢟ࡢ࡞࠸ே⟶⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡛ࠊࢺࣛࣈࣝࡸッゴࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࣜࢫࢡࢆపῶࡉࡏ
ࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡍ࡚ࡢ࣏ࢫࢺࡣ୍⯡ࡢබເࡼࡗ࡚ເ㞟ࡉࢀࡿࠋࢠࣜࢫ࡛ᑵປࡍࡿ㈨᱁ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓ◊
✲ᐇ⦼ࡀ㇏࡞ே≀ࡢሙྜࡣ᭩㢮㑅⪃ࢆ㏻㐣ࡋࠊ㠃᥋㸦ࣃࢿࣝࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ㸧ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ 㠃᥋ࡣே㒊ࡢᢸᙜ⪅ࡶᚲࡎྠᖍࡍࡿࠋࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣ㑅⪃࣭᥇⏝࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࠕබṇ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡇ
ࡀྍḞ࡛࠶ࡾࠊே✀ࡸ᐀ᩍࠊᛶูࠊࡑࡢ࠸࡞ࡿⅬ࠾࠸࡚ࡶᕪูࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ㑅⪃࠾࠸࡚බṇᛶࡀᦆ࡞ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠊே㒊ࡢどⅬࡽࡶࢳ࢙ࢵࢡࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᥇⏝⪅ࡀỴᐃࡍࡿࠊே㒊ࡢసᡂࡋࡓᵝᘧᚑࡗ࡚ዎ⣙᭩ࡀసᡂࡉࢀࡿࠋ
ゎ㞠ࡢ㝿ࡢᡭ⥆ࡁࡣே㒊ࡀ୰ᚰ࡞ࡗ࡚⾜࠺ࠋ↓ᮇ㞠⏝࠾࠸࡚ࡶ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚㞠⏝ࡍࡿࡔࡅࡢ
㈨㔠ࡢ┠㏵ࡀ❧ࡓ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣࠊἲࡢᐃࡵࡿᡭ⥆ࡁ๎ࡗ࡚ᩚ⌮ゎ㞠ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᆺࡢ እ㒊ண⟬࡛㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿ᭷ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢ◊✲⪅࣭ࢸࢡࢽࢩ࡛ࣕࣥ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞㈨㔠ࡢ┠㏵ࡀ❧ࡓ࡞࠸ሙྜࡢ 㞠࠸Ṇࡵࡶࠊࡇࡢ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢゎ㞠ࡰྠࡌᡭ⥆ࡁࡼࡗ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋ
ゎ㞠ࡢᚲせࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࡣࠊࡲࡎ NIMR ෆ㒊࡛ࡢ⫋ࡀ࡞࠸ࢆ᥈ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡀ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣゎ㞠 ᡭᙜࢆᨭᡶࡗ࡚ゎ㞠࡞ࡿࠋゎ㞠ᡭᙜࡣࠊἲᚊୖ࡛ࡣࠊ⥆ᖺᩘ୍ᖺࡈ୍㐌㛫ศࡢ⤥ࢆᨭ ᡶ࠺ࡼ࠺ᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊNIMR ࡛ࡣ⥆ᖺᩘ୍ᖺࡈ୍࢝᭶ศ㹼ᖺศࡢゎ㞠ᡭᙜࢆᨭ ᡶࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㧗Ỉ‽࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓ NIMR ࡛ࡣࠊࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢࢫࢸࢵࣉࢵࣉࡢࡓࡵࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡶ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊTraining and Development Program ࡤࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ↓ᮇ㞠⏝ࡢࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡸົ㛵ಀࡢᚑ
ࡍࡿࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢࡓࡵ⏝ពࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ⬟ຊ㛤Ⓨࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿࠋMRC ࡀయ࡞ࡗ࡚
⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠊNIMR ࡀ⊂⮬⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣ
ࢆ⾜࠺ୖ࡛ᙺ❧ࡘᢏ⾡ࡸࠊࡢ⫋✀ࢫࢸࢵࣉࢵࣉࡍࡿࡓࡵᚲせ࡞ᢏ⾡ࡢ⩦ᚓࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
࠼ࡤ NIMR ࡛᭱ࡶつᶍ࡞ࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡣᐇ㦂ື≀ࡢୡヰࢆࡍࡿࢽ࣐ࣝࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡔࡀࠊ ᙼࡽࡣ᥇⏝ࡣ≉ື≀㛵ࡍࡿ▱㆑ࡸᢏ⾡ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸦㧗༞ࢆ᥇⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡀከ࠸㸧ࠊࢽ࣐ࣝ ࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡢࡓࡵࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆཷㅮࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚ᚎࠎ▱㆑࣭ᢏ⾡ࢆ㌟ࡘࡅࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ ࢸࢡࢽࢩࣕࣥࡋ࡚᥇⏝ࡉࢀࡓ⪅ࡀே㛵㐃ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆཷㅮࡋ࡚ࠊேᦠࢃࡿ࠸ࡗࡓ㌿
ࡶࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋಶูࡢࢽ࣮ࢬᛂࡌ࡚ࠊእ㒊ࡢᏛࡸᶵ㛵ࡢ࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࢆཷㅮࡋࡓࡾࠊ
㈨᱁ྲྀᚓࡢࡓࡵࡢ㈝⏝ຓࢆཷࡅࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸺㞠⏝㛵ࡍࡿࢺࣛࣈࣝ➼㸼
ࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢ㞠⏝㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࢺࣛࣈࣝ࡞ࡗࡓࢣ࣮ࢫࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ◊✲⪅ࡣᩘᖺ࡛◊✲ᶵ㛵
ࢆ⛣ືࡍࡿࡇࡣᙜ↛ࡔ⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡾࠊἲ๎ࡗࡓ㐺ṇ࡞ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆࡿ㝈ࡾ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㈨㔠ࡀ
⥅⥆ࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜࡢゎ㞠ࡼࡗ࡚ࢺࣛࣈࣝ࡞ࡿࡇࡣࠊᚋࡶ࡞࠸ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ
ッゴ࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶ࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠸࠼ࡤࠊ◊✲⪅ࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡢホ౯ࡘ࠸࡚⩏ࡀ࿊ࡉࢀ
ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡋࠊࡍ࡚ࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇࡀ㐩ᡂࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡉࢀࡿẖ ᖺࡢ┠ᶆࡣࠊ㐩ᡂ࡛ࡁࡓ࠺ࡀᐈほⓗุ᩿ࡉࢀࡿ┠ᶆタᐃࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࠶ࡲࡾ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡞
࠸ࠋ