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Riddles

ドキュメント内 増訂 ウイルタ口頭文芸原文集 (ページ 153-157)

T.SEKIGUCHI 關口龍嗣, Orokko Soga Monogatari (Taraika Ainu to Orokko no Toso) オロッコ曾我物語(多來加アイヌとオロッコの闘争) = The Soga Story of

the Oroks―The Conflict between Taraika Ainus and Oroks, Karafuto Jiho 樺太

時報, No.38, Toyohara, 1940, pp.62-67.

E. ISHIDA 石 田 英 一 郎, Hōryō Minami-Karafuto Orokko no Shizoku ni

tsuite(1) 邦領南樺太オロッコの氏族に就いて(一)= On the Clans of Orokko of

Sakhalin(1) [Minzokugaku-nempō 民族學年報 (Annual Report of the Institute of

Ethnology), Vol.Ⅲ, Tokyo, 1940-1941], pp.369-371.

(1) Поронайск.

(2) Новое.

(3) The water-course which connects Lake Neva ( озеро Невское) and Patience Bay (залив Терпения).

(4) Cape Patience, мыс Терпения.

(5) According to the informant, this word is a corruption of the Orok word naaluu

‘raw’.

(6) The sound of tapping with a stick.

Figures of a harpoon for catching seals the head of a harpoon (ǰogbo) (upper left), a board for floating (laaxu) (upper center), and shafts (dargi)after cut-outs by Napka.

Ⅸ. 1. gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo 2. nammoo taisai taŋgu daa maatuǰ

i maatulapula 3. xaigk 4. piiriktk

Ⅹ.

1. gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo 2. taagdannee moo iwčirr sgdnnee moo iiwučirr 3. tari xaigk 4. krktuu sinnuu

Ⅺ. 1. gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo 2. geeda omoombo čakkag

 xujuu bkk čolmoowoči 3. tari xaigk 4. nuw puisiniik

Ⅻ. 1. gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo 2. p

duu kumult poktoni nmd uuwu kumult poktoni darammii 3. tari xaigk 4. pduu kiprruu uuwu kiprruu

Translation

The fouowing are the riddles put by men of old.

Ⅰ. 1.

Gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo!(1) 2. In heaven there are spots. 3. On earth there are spots. 4. What are they? 5. Riddle me. 6. The stars in heaven and the scales of fish.(2) 7. Correct.

Ⅱ. 1.

Gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo! 2. A merganser f luttered out to sea. 3. What is it? 4. The board (float) attached to the harpoon (for catching seals).(3)

Ⅲ. 1. Gaŋ

gaŋ gajawoo! 2. Nine men bumped their heads together 3.

What is it? 4. Riddle me. 5. The smoke hole of a conic hut.

Ⅳ. 1. Gaŋ

gaŋ gajawoo! 2. He grew old without seeing the path which his own father and mother had made. 3. What is it? 4. The path on the back (the furrow down the middle of the back).

Ⅴ. 1. Gaŋ

gaŋ gajawoo! 2. Wait, older man (elder brother). 3. Wait, younger woman. 4. What is it? 5. Walking.

Ⅵ. 1.

Gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo! 2. Nine men whipped the border of a pond with nine willow sticks. 3. What are they? 4. Eyelashes.

Ⅶ.1. Gaŋ

gaŋ gajawoo! 2. A seal went between two cliffs and howled.

3. What is it? 4. Breaking wind.

Ⅷ. 1.

Gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo! 2. He grew old without seeing the ǰawaa(4 ) which his own father and mother had made. 3. Whatis it? 4. The ears.

. 1. Gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo! 2. A lasso a hundred fathoms long has been thrown out to sea. 3. What is it? 4. A crack in the ice.

Ⅹ. 1.

Gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo! 2. A white man cleaves wood and a red man puts in wood. 3. What are they? 4. Teeth and tongue.

Ⅺ. 1.

Gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo! 2. Crowding in a pond, nine hunchbacks bend and stretch their bodies. 3. What is it? 4. A pot bubbles.

. 1. Gaŋ gaŋ gajawoo! 2. The trace of the lower fur-lined ski is narrow and the trace of the upper fur-lined ski is wide. 3. What are they? 4.

The lower rack (over a fire for making smoked fish) and the upper rack.

Gilyak and the other dialects of Tungus have some riddles which are identical with or similar to the Orok riddles given above. They are found in the following:

1.P.SCHMIDT, op. cit., pp. 232-233.

2.Г.М.Василевич, Cборник материалов по эвенкийскому (тунгусскому) фoльклору, Ленинград, 1936, pp.133-135.

3.M.TAKAHASHI, op. cit., pp.113-116.

4.T. HATTORI 服部健, GiriyākuMinwa to Shūzoku ギリヤーク―民話と習俗=The

Gilyaks―Their Legends and Customs, Sapporo, 1956, p.129.

On Ⅰ, cf.No.3 in 1.

On Ⅱ, cf.No.16 in 3.

On Ⅲ, cf.No.29 in 2.

On Ⅳ, cf.No.12 in 3.

On Ⅴ, cf.No.5 in 1 and No.17 in 3.

On Ⅵ, cf.No.12 in 2, No.9 in 3 and No.3 in 4.

On Ⅶ, cf.No.17 in 3.

On Ⅷ, cf.No.11 in 3.

On Ⅸ, cf.No.10 in 3.

On Ⅹ, cf.No.2 in 2, No.1 in 3 and No.1 in 4.

Dr.R.AUSTERLITZ has shown me a manuscript of Gilyak riddles he collected in 1954

and 1956. Among these some are identical with or similar to Ⅲ, Ⅴ, Ⅵ, Ⅹ and Ⅺ.

(1) Introductory words for riddles. gajawoo is the exclamatory form of gajau ‘riddle’.

gaŋ is a kind of reduplication of gajau.

(2) In 1949 and 1955, I received another answer to this riddle: boo unigrinnii naa siduxunnii ‘the stars in heaven and the berries on earth’.

(3) See the figures on page147.

(4) The informant seems not to know the meaning of ǰawaa with certainty. She said that it may mean ‘ear’. Cf. Olcha džaua ‘hats or coverings for the ears in cold weather’ according to P. SCHMIDTMITS), The Language of the Olchas [Acta Universitatis Latviensis Ⅷ. Rīgā, 1923], p.248.

初 出

1

12362 32 6 ―― オ ロ ッ コ 族 の 民 話 と う た 数 例 ( 民 族 学 研 究 2 7/4 1 9 6 31 13 0日 ),p p. 21-32.

581 51 62 02 12 22 52 7 ―― オ ロッコ族 の口 頭 文 芸 (ユ ーラシア文 化 研 究 1 1 9 6 51 15日 ),p p. 13 7-1 71 .

1 01 7 ―― オ ロ ッ コ 語 研 究 の た め の 資 料 ( 北 海 道 大 学 文 学 部 紀 要 25 1 9 7 033 0日 ),p p. 2 9-5 5.

79 ―― オロッコ民 譚 (金 田 一 博 士 米 寿 記 念 論 集 三 省 堂 1 97 1101 5 日 ),p p. 86 6-8 86 .

2 4 ―― オ ロ ッ コ 族 の 歌 謡 -オ ロ ッ コ 語 歌 詞 の 韻 律 論 的 分 析 ( 北 方 文 化 研

8 19 7 432 7日 ),p p. 1-1 2.

1 4 ―― ツ ングー ス語 学 入 門 (古 代 の東 アジ ア世 界 読 売 新 聞 社 19 7 5

1 11 0日 ),p p. 2 25-2 6 7.

4111 21 318 ―― ウ イ ル タ 口 頭 文 芸 原 文 集 [ 池 上 二 良 採 録 ・ 訳 注 北 海 道 教 育 委 員 会 および網 走 市 北 方 民 俗 文 化 保 存 協 会 1 9 8 43月 ,

ⅹページ+1 0 0ページ].

2

1-1 5 ―― ウ イ ル タ 語 テ キ ス ト (サ ハ リ ンの 少 数 民 族 [ 文 部 省 科 学 研 究 費

補 助 金 (国 際 学 術 研 究 )研 究 成 果 報 告 (1 9 9 01 99 2) 研 究 代 表 者 村 崎 恭 子 (横 浜 国 立 大 学 教 育 学 部 ) 1 9 9 33月 ]),p p.7 3-1 0 3.

3

1234, 第 11 9 ―― Or ok T ex t s (M e moi rs o f t he Re sea rch De p a rt me nt o f th e Toy o B un ko, 17 19 5 8) , pp .8 5-9 5.

ドキュメント内 増訂 ウイルタ口頭文芸原文集 (ページ 153-157)