Ȼɟɥɨɟ ɦɨɪɟ ɩɪɨɧɢɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɪɟɜɧɸɸ – ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɭɸ – ɱɚɫɬɶ Ɏɟɧɧɨɫɤɚɧ-ɞɢɧɚɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɳɢɬɚ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ ɭɧɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɧ-ɧɟɞɨɤɟɦɛɪɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɢɧɰɢɢ (Ȼɉ) [9 ɢ ɫɫɵɥ
-1ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ʉɚɪɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ (ɂȽ Ʉɚɪɇɐ)ɊȺɇ,ɉɟɬɪɨɡɚɜɨɞɫɤ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ
ɤɢ ɬɚɦ].Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ,ɧɚ Ɍɟɪɫɤɨɦ ɛɟɪɟɝɭ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɩɪɨ-ɬɟɪɨɡɨɣɫɤɢɟ (ɪɢɮɟɣɫɤɢɟ) ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɫɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɚɥɟɨɪɢɮɬɨɜɭɸ ɫɢɫ-ɬɟɦɭ Ȼɟɥɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ [2]. Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɬɨɦɭ,ɱɬɨ ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɣ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟ-ɫɤɨɣ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜ Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɦ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ [6–8 ɢ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɬɚɦ], ɩɨɡɜɨ-ɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɫɭɞɢɬɶ ɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɥɢɬɨɫɮɟɪɵ, ɨɧ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢ ɬɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ ɧɚ ɪɚɧɧɢɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ Ɂɟɦɥɢ ɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɡɞɧɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ,ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,ɪɢɮɬɨɜ.
ɑɟɪɟɡ Ȼɉ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɬ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɢ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɨɧɞɢɪɨɜɚ-ɧɢɹ ɈȽɌ Ʉɟɦɶ–Ʉɚɥɟɜɚɥɚ – 4ȼ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ 1-ȿȼ,ɸɠɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɦɨɪ-ɫɤɨɝɨ ȽɁɋ ɝɟɨɬɪɚɜɟɪɫɚ 3-ȺɊ [6–8]. ɉɟɪɜɵɣ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɫɟ-ɤɚɸɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɩɪɨɜɢɧɰɢɢ ɩɨɞ ɭɝɥɨɦ, ɛɥɢɡɤɢɦ ɤ ɩɪɹɦɨɦɭ,ɚ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɢɦ. Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɟɦ -ɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ Ȼɉ ɜɚɪɶɢɪɭɟɬ ɨɬ 39 ɞɨ 49 ɤɦ,ɧɨ ɧɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ – ɨɬ 40 ɞɨ 42 ɤɦ,ɜ Ʉɚɪɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɜɢɧɰɢɢ – ɨɬ 35 ɞɨ 62 ɤɦ,ɜ Ʉɨɥɶɫɤɨɣ – ɨɬ 34ɞɨ 45 [6]. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɫɨɫɟɞɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɜɢɧɰɢɣ ɫɬɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ Ȼɉ:ɨɧɚ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɚ,ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɡɨɧɟ ɫɨɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫ Ʉɚɪɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɢɧɰɢɟɣ, ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɥɨɝɢɦɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ,ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ,ɩɨ-ɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ,ɫ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɧɨɣ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɤɨɣ.
ɋɪɟɞɢ ɩɨɪɨɞ,ɫɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɯ Ȼɉ,ɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɟɧ-ɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɵ ɫ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɨɦ,ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɸɳɢɦ 2,9 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ.Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɨɫɚ-ɞɨɱɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞɚɯ ɑɭɩɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɝɧɟɣɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɹɫɚ, ɋɭɨɦɭɹɪɜɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɢ ɏɢɡɨɜɚɚɪɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɵ ɡɟɪɧɚ ɞɟɬɪɢɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɰɢɪɤɨɧɚ ɫ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɨɦ ɞɪɟɜɧɟɟ 3,0 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ,ɱɬɨ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɬɨɥɢɬɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɪɟɜɧɟɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ [9 ɢ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɬɚɦ].ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ, ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɵ, ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɞɨ 2,9 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ,ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɵ ɜ ɪɹɞɟ ɬɟɪɪɟɣɧɨɜ Ʉɚɪɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɬɨɧɚ.
Ɋɚɧɧɹɹ ɫɬɚɞɢɹ (2,88–2,83 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ) ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɟɦ-ɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ Ȼɉ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɨɝɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ-ɦɢ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɢ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɡɟɥɟɧɨɤɚɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɹɫɨɜ Ʉɟɪɟɬɫɤɨɝɨ, ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶ-ɧɨ-Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ Ɍɭɥɩɩɢɨ,ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɚɪɚɝɧɟɣɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɑɭɩɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɹɫɚ. ɋɪɟɞɧɟɤɢɫɥɵɟ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɢɬɵ Ʉɟɪɟɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɟɥɟɧɨɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɹɫɚ, ɦɟɬɚɝɪɚɭ-ɜɚɤɤɢ ɑɭɩɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɝɧɟɣɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɹɫɚ ɢ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɵ ɨɤɟɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨ-ɪɵ ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨ-Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɟɥɟɧɨɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɹɫɚ ɫ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɨɦ 2,88–
2,83ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɥɚɬɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɹɞ,ɦɚɪɤɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɡɨ-ɧɵ ɦɟɡɨɚɪɯɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɬɢɯɨɨɤɟɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ.
Ɂɟɥɟɧɨɤɚɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɩɨɹɫɚ Ɍɭɥɩɩɢɨ, ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɨɬɦɟ-ɱɟɧɵ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɢɬɵ,ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɦɵɟ ɫ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɨɞɭɠɧɵɦɢ,ɦɚɪɤɢɪɭɟɬ ɟɳɟ ɨɞɧɭ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɭɸɫɹ ɤ ɋɋȼ ɨɬ ɤɟɪɟɬɶɨɡɟɪɫɤɨɣ (ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɤɨ-ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ)ɤɨɧɜɟɪɝɟɧɬɧɭɸ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ.
Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɞɪɟɜɧɢɯ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɨɞɭɠɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ 2,83–2,8 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ ɧɚɡɚɞ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɚɤɤɪɟɰɢɹ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɨɞɭɠɧɵɯ, ɬɪɨɝɨɜɵɯ, ɨɤɟɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜ, ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɧɧɟɣ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɝɪɚɧɢɬɨɢɞɨɜ ɌɌȽ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ,ɦɟɬɚɦɨɪɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɫɥɨ-ɜɢɹɯ ɝɪɚɧɭɥɢɬɨɜɨɣ ɮɚɰɢɢ.Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ,ɧɚ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɜɟɪɝɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ (ɡɟɥɟɧɨɤɚɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɹɫ Ɍɭɥɩɩɢɨ) ɨɛɪɚ-ɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɦɚɫɫɢɜɵ ɫɢɟɧɢɬɨɜ,ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɥɭɠɚɬ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɨɣ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ.
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ,ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ 2,88–2,8 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧ-ɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɤɤɪɟɰɢɨɧɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧ-ɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɜɟɪɝɟɧɬɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧ-ɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɯ ɨɤɟɚɧɢɱɟ-ɫɤɢɯ ɥɢɬɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɯ ɩɥɢɬ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɮɪɚɝ-ɦɟɧɬɵ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ (ɢɥɢ ɫɭɛɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ)ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ:
ɦɢɤɪɨɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɵ «ɤɟɪɟɬɶɨɡɟɪɫɤɢɣ» ɢ «ɬɭɥɩɩɢɨ». ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣ, ɜɨɡɦɨɠ-ɧɨ,ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɨ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ.
ȼ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ 2,8–2,72 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɚɤɤɪɟɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ. ɋɭɩɪɚɤɪɭɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɜ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ-Ʉɚɪɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɡɟɥɟɧɨɤɚɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɹɫɨɜ (ɯɢɡɨɜɚ-ɚɪɫɤɢɣ ɡɟɥɟɧɨɤɚɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ), ȿɧɫɤɨɦ ɢ ɉɟɛɨɡɟɪɫɤɨɦ ɡɟɥɟɧɨɤɚ-ɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɹɫɚɯ.
ȼɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɤɪɚɣɧɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɞɜɟ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɨɞɭɠɧɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɫɮɨɪɦɢ-ɪɨɜɚɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɷɬɨɬ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ. ɋɭɩɪɚɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɨɮɢɨɥɢɬɨɜɵɣ ɤɨɦ-ɩɥɟɤɫ, ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɂɪɢɧɨɝɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɏɢɡɨɜɚɚɪ-ɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ,ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɸɧɨɣ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɧɨɣ ɞɭɝɢ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɡɚɞɭɝɨɜɨɦ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɟ.ɉɨɡɞɧɟɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɡɪɟɥɚɹ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɫɬɪɨɜ-ɧɚɹ ɞɭɝɚ ɫ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɤɨ-ɳɟɥɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɚɞɚɤɢɬɨɜɵɦɢ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɢɬɚɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɢ ɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɜ [9 ɢ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɬɚɦ].
ȼ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ 2,8–2,72 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɚɤɤɪɟɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ «ɛɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɢɣ»ɦɢɤɪɨɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬ,ɹɞɪɨɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɥ «ɤɟɪɟɬɶɨɡɟɪɫɤɢɣ»ɛɥɨɤ ɫɢɚɥɹ. Ʉ ɫɟɜɟɪɭ ɨɬ ɧɟɝɨ, ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɤɟɚ-ɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɬɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɨɣ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɥɫɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬ «ɬɭɥ-ɩɩɢɨ». ȼɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɷɬɢɯ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɥɨ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɭɸ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɸ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɚɤɤɪɟɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɤɨɥɥɢɡɢ -ɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.
ɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɚɹ, «ɩɪɟɞɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɨɧɧɚɹ»,ɫɬɚɞɢɹ (2,74–2,71 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ) ɪɚɡɜɢ-ɬɢɹ ɥɢɬɨɫɮɟɪɵ Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɝɪɚɧɭ-ɥɢɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɚɦɨɪɮɢɡɦɚ ɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɢ (ɝɚɛɛɪɨ)-ɷɧɞɟɪɛɢɬ-ɱɚɪɧɨɤɢɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɚɝɦɚɬɢɡɦɚ (ɧɨɬɨɡɟɪɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ) [4, 9 ɢ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɬɚɦ]ɜ ɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ (Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨ-Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɢɣ ɝɪɚɧɭɥɢɬɨɜɵɣ ɩɨɹɫ) ɢ ɷɤɥɨɝɢɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɚɦɨɪɮɢɡɦɚ – ɜ ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ.Ɇɟɬɚɦɨɪɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɦɚɝɦɚ-ɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ ɜ Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨ-Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɦ ɝɪɚɧɭɥɢɬɨɜɨɦ ɩɨɹɫɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ (ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧ
-ɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɵ)ɧɚ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɟ «ɛɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ»ɦɢɤɪɨɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚ,ɚ ɞɪɟɜ-ɧɟɣɲɢɟ ɜ ɦɢɪɟ ɧɟɨɚɪɯɟɣɫɤɢɟ (2720 ɦɥɧ ɥɟɬ)ɷɤɥɨɝɢɬɵ Ƚɪɢɞɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɦ-ɩɥɟɤɫɚ [9 ɢ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɬɚɦ]ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɡɨɧɟ ɫɭɛɞɭɤɰɢɢ.
ȼ ɷɬɨ ɠɟ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ (2724 ɦɥɧ ɥɟɬ) ɜ ɬɵɥɨɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɣ ɞɢɨɪɢɬ-ɩɥɚɝɢɨɝɪɚɧɢɬɧɵɣ (ɫɚɧɭɤɢɬɨɢɞɧɵɣ)ɛɚɬɨɥɢɬ.
ɇɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɫ 2,72–2,71 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɚɹ ɚɤɤɪɟɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɜɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɫɬɚɞɢɸ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨ-ɪɚɹ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɧɨ-ɫɤɥɚɞɱɚɬɨɣ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɤɢ, ɜɵɫɨ-ɤɨɛɚɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɚɦɨɪɮɢɡɦɚ (2717–2707 ɦɥɧ ɥɟɬ) [4, 5 ɢ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɬɚɦ], ɝɪɚɧɢɬɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ (ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɹ ɦɢɝɦɚɬɢɬɨɜ ɢ ɦɚɫɫɢɜɵ ɥɟɣɤɨ-ɝɪɚɧɢɬɨɜ ɫ ɝɟɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɦɢ ɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɨɧɧɵɯ S-ɝɪɚɧɢ-ɬɨɜ), ɜ ɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɷɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɝɪɚɧɢ-ɬɨɝɧɟɣɫɨɜɵɟ ɤɭɩɨɥɚ.
ɋɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɪɵ,ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶ -ɬɚɬɟ – ɟɟ ɝɪɚɜɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɧɟɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶ,ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɤɨɥ-ɥɚɩɫ ɨɪɨɝɟɧɚ. Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɚɛɛɪɨɢɞ-ɧɵɣ ɦɚɝɦɚɬɢɡɦ [9 ɢ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɬɚɦ].ɇɚ ɷɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɭɥɤɚ-ɧɢɬɵ ɢ ɝɪɭɛɨɨɛɥɨɦɨɱɧɵɟ ɨɫɚɞɤɢ ȼɨɱɟ-Ʌɚɦɛɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɟɥɟɧɨɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɹɫɚ,ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɱɟɪɬɵ ɫɯɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɨɝɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɨɥɚɫɫɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɜɢɞɟ-ɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɨ ɪɚɫɱɥɟɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɥɶɟɮɚ.ɇɚ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɟɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɪɚɡɜɢ-ɬɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɧɢɬɨɢɞɨɜ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɫɭɛɳɟɥɨɱɧɵɯ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,ɸɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ).
ȼ ɪɚɧɧɟɦ ɩɚɥɟɨɩɪɨɬɟɪɨɡɨɟ (2,45–2,1 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ) Ȼɉ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɦɚɧɬɢɣɧɵɯ ɩɥɸɦɨɜ,ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɭ-ɸɬɫɹ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɦɚɫɫɢɜɵ, ɪɨɢ ɞɚɟɤ ɢ ɞɚɣɤɢ ɝɚɛɛɪɨɢɞɨɜ ɢ, ɪɟɠɟ, ɝɪɚɧɢɬɨɢɞɨɜ.ɉɨ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɢ Ȼɉ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɪɢɮɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ, ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ,ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,ɒɨɦɛɨɡɟɪɫɤɚɹ,Ʌɟɯɬɢɧɫɤɚɹ, ɂɦɚɧɞɪɚ-ȼɚɪɡɭɝɫɤɚɹ.
ȼ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ~2,0–1,75 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ Ȼɉ ɜɨɜɥɟɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɨɧɧɵɟ, ɩɨɡɞ-ɧɟ- ɢ ɩɨɫɬɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ Ʌɚ-ɩɥɚɧɞɫɤɨ-Ʉɨɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɪɨɝɟɧɚ [1]. ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɷɬɨɬ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɞɪɟɜɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤ-ɬɭɪɧɨ-ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɵ Ȼɉ ɜɵɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɫɢɫ -ɬɟɦɟ ɩɨɥɨɝɢɯ ɧɚɞɜɢɝɨɜ ɢ,ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɚɞɜɢɧɭɬɵ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɟɨɩɪɨɬɟɪɨɡɨɣ-ɫɤɢɟ ɪɢɮɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɵ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ Ʉɚɪɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɢ Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɢɰɢɣ.Ƚɪɚɧɢɰɚ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɪɨɜɢɧɰɢɣ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ,ɤɪɨɦɟ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɟɬɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɩɨ ɪɟɡɤɨɦɭ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɢɡɨɬɨɩɧɨɝɨ U-Pb ɜɨɡ-ɪɚɫɬɚ ɫɮɟɧɨɜ:ɜ Ʉɚɪɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɢɧɰɢɢ – ɨɧɢ ɚɪɯɟɣɫɤɢɟ,ɜ Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ – ɩɚɥɟɨɩɪɨɬɟɪɨɡɨɣɫɤɢɟ (2,0–1,75 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ) [3]. Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɵ ɹɞɪɚ Ʌɚɩɥɚɧɞ-ɫɤɨ-Ʉɨɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɪɨɝɟɧɚ ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɧɚɞɜɢɧɭɬɵ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ȼɉ.
ɋɟɜɟɪɨ-ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ Ȼɉ, ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɬɪɚɫɫɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ Ʉɨɥɜɢɰɤɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɩɨ ɨɫɟɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ Ʉɚɧɞɚɥɚɤɲɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɥɢɜɚ Ȼɟɥɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ. ȼɞɨɥɶ
ɷɬɨɣ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɜ ɧɟɨɩɪɨɬɟɪɨɡɨɟ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɢɯ ɩɚɥɟɨɪɢɮɬɨɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Ȼɟɥɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ [2, 8].
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɨ, ɫɥɚɝɚɸɳɟɟ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɨɪɭ Ȼɉ, ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɟ ɚɪɯɟɹ (2,9–2,58 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ) ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɢ ɩɚɥɟɨɩɪɨɬɟɪɨɡɨɣɫɤɢɯ (~2,45–2,1 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ)ɪɢɮɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ,ɚ ɟɝɨ ɱɟɲɭɣɱɚɬɨ-ɧɚɞɜɢɝɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭ-ɪɚ – ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɧɟɨɚɪɯɟɣɫɤɢɯ (~2,7 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ) ɢ ɩɚɥɟɨɩɪɨɬɟɪɨɡɨɣɫɤɢɯ (~1,75 ɦɥɪɞ ɥɟɬ) ɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ. ɇɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ [6, 7] ɨɬ-ɥɢɱɧɚ ɨɬ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɫɟɞɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɜɢɧɰɢɣ,ɱɬɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɥɨɠ-ɧɨɣ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ ɟɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ.
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟ ɈɇɁ-14 ɢ ɊɎɎɂ, ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ʋ 06–05–64876.
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
1.Ȼɚɥɚɝɚɧɫɤɢɣ ȼ.ȼ.Ƚɥɚɜɧɵɟ ɷɬɚɩɵ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɟɜɟɪɨ-ɜɨɫɬɨɤɚ Ȼɚɥ-ɬɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɳɢɬɚ ɜ ɩɚɥɟɨɩɪɨɬɟɪɨɡɨɟ:Ⱥɜɬɨɪɟɮ. ɞɢɫ.ɞ-ɪɚ ...ɝɟɨɥ.-ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥ. ɧɚɭɤ. ɋɉɛ., 2002. 32 ɫ.
2. Ȼɚɥɭɟɜ Ⱥ.ɂ., Ɇɨɪɚɥɟɜ ȼ.ɉ., Ƚɥɭɯɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ɇ.Ɂ. ɢ ɞɪ. Ɍɟɤɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɹ ɢ ɦɚɝɦɚɬɢɡɦ Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɪɢɮɬɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ // Ƚɟɨɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɤɚ. 2000. ʋ 5. ɋ. 30−43.
3.Ȼɢɛɢɤɨɜɚ ȿ.ȼ.,ɋɥɚɛɭɧɨɜ Ⱥ.ɂ.ɢ ɞɪ.Ɍɟɤɬɨɧɨɬɟɪɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɹ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ Ʉɚɪɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɢ Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɢɧɰɢɣ Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɳɢɬɚ ɜ ɪɚɧɧɟɦ ɞɨɤɟɦɛɪɢɢ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɭɪɚɧ-ɫɜɢɧɰɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɡɨɬɨɩɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɮɟɧɨɜ // Ƚɟɨɯɢɦɢɹ. 1999. ʋ 8.
ɋ. 842−857.
4.ȼɨɥɨɞɢɱɟɜ Ɉ.ɂ.Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ Ʉɚɪɟɥɢɢ.Ʌ.: ɇɚɭɤɚ, 1990. 248 ɫ. 5.Ƚɥɟɛɨɜɢɰɤɢɣ ȼ.Ⱥ.,Ɇɢɥɥɟɪ ɘ.ȼ., Ⱦɪɭɝɨɜɚ Ƚ.Ɇ.ɢ ɞɪ.ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɦɟɬɚɦɨɪɮɢɡɦ Ȼɟɥɨɦɨɪɨ-Ʌɚɩɥɚɧɞɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ // Ƚɟɨɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɤɚ. 1996. ʋ 1. ɋ. 63−75.
6.Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ Ʉɚɪɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɦɥɟɧɢɹ / Ɋɟɞ.ɇ.ȼ.ɒɚɪɨɜ.ɉɟɬɪɨɡɚɜɨɞɫɤ:Ʉɚɪɇɐ ɊȺɇ, 2004. 353 ɫ.
7.Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɹ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵ ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ Ɏɟɧɧɨɫɤɚɧɞɢ-ɧɚɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɳɢɬɚ:ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶ Ʉɟɦɶ–Ʉɚɥɟɜɚɥɚ.ɉɟɬɪɨɡɚɜɨɞɫɤ:Ʉɚɪɇɐ ɊȺɇ, 2001. 193 ɫ.
8.ɀɭɪɚɜɥɟɜ ȼ.Ⱥ.,ɒɢɩɢɥɨɜ ɗ.ȼ.ɇɨɜɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɤɟ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɱɟɯɥɚ Ȼɟɥɨɦɪɫɤɨɣ ɪɢɮɬɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ // Ⱦɨɤɥ.ɊȺɇ. 2007. Ɍ. 417. ʋ 6. ɋ. 786−790.
9. ɋɥɚɛɭɧɨɜ Ⱥ.ɂ.,Ʌɨɛɚɱ-ɀɭɱɟɧɤɨ ɋ.Ȼ.,Ȼɢɛɢɤɨɜɚ ȿ.ȼ. ɢ ɞɪ. Ⱥɪɯɟɣ Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɳɢɬɚ:ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɹ,ɝɟɨɯɪɨɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ,ɝɟɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ // Ƚɟɨɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɤɚ. 2006.
ʋ6.ɋ. 3−32.
ȼ.ȼ.ɋɥɚɜɢɧɫɤɢɣ1