中国語および韓国語を母語とする日本語学習者のデータを基にした日本語聴解能力テストの開発と評価

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中国語および韓国語を母語とする日本語学習者のデ

ータを基にした日本語聴解能力テストの開発と評価

著者

早川杏子, 魏志珍, 初相娟, 玉岡賀津雄

雑誌名

関西学院大学日本語教育センター紀要

号

5 ページ

31-45

発行年

2016-03-31

URL

http://hdl.handle.net/10236/14679

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୰ᅜㄒ࠾ࡼࡧ㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᇶ࡟ࡋࡓ

᪥ᮏㄒ⫈ゎ⬟ຊࢸࢫࢺࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜ホ౯

1 ᪩ᕝᮥᏊ㸦㛵すᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ㸧2 㨯ᚿ⌋㸦୰⳹኱Ꮫ㸧3 ึ┦ፍ㸦ኳὠእᅜㄒ኱Ꮫ㸧4 ⋢ᒸ㈡ὠ㞝㸦ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫ㸧5

The present study reported the development and evaluation of a listening comprehension test for learners of Japanese as a foreign language. The ability of listening comprehension was subdivided into three abilities; namely, assembly comprehension ability, interference ability, and restructuring ability. The test was divided into three subtests with each subtest corresponding to one of the three abilities. A total of 20 listening comprehension questions were administered to 249 native Chinese speakers and 41 native Korean speakers all of whom were learning Japanese. The mean score of 290 participants of the 20 questions (maximum possible score: 20 points) was 10.99 with a standard deviation of 3.96. Scores ranged from 3 to 20 points across all participants. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient was 0.76, indicating a relatively high reliability. Among the three abilities, the subtest for interference ability was the most difficult for both Chinese and Korean speakers. Using the Item Response Theory, each of the 20 test items were further evaluated using the three criteria of item difficulty (DIFF), item discrimination power index (DISC), and actual equivalent number of options (AENO). This data shows that the current test provides a reliable and accurate representation of a Japanese language learner’s listening comprehension ability. ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸᪥ᮏㄒ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺࠊ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠊ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠊ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠊࢸࢫࢺホ౯ 1. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ⫈ゎࡣࠊゝㄒ▱㆑ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊㄒ⏝ⓗ▱㆑ࠊヰ㢟ࡢ⫼ᬒ▱㆑ࠊㄆ▱⬟ຊ࡞࡝ࡉࡲࡊ ࡲ࡞ୗ఩ᢏ⬟࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㥑ືࡍࡿ」㞧࡞ゝㄒάື࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⣲ᮦ࡛࠶ࡿࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢ⌮

1_{English Title: Developing and Evaluating a Japanese listening comprehension test using the data} elicited from native Chinese and Korean speakers learning Japanese

2_{Kyoko Hayakawa (Lecturer, Center for Japanese Language Education, Kwansai Gakuin} University, E-mail: hayakawa@kwansei.ac.jp)

3_{WEI, Chih Chen (Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Japanese, Chung Hua University,} Taiwan, E-mail: weichihchen@chu.edu.tw)

4_{CHU, Xiang Juan (Associate Professor, Department of Japanese Studies, Tianjin Foreign Studies} University, E-mail: chuxiangjuan@aliyun.com)

5_{TAMAOKA, Katsuo, (Professor, Graduate School of Languages and Cultures, Nagoya University,} E-mail: ktamaoka@lang.nagoya-u.ac.jp)

早川杏子（関西学院大学)2

魏志珍（中華大学)3

初相娟（天津外国語大学)4

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ゎ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺゝㄒᏛࠊㄯヰศᯒࠊࢫ࣮࣐࢟⌮ㄽࠊ᝟ሗฎ⌮ᐜ㔞⌮ㄽ࡞࡝ࡢ ほⅬ࠿ࡽࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ㄝ᫂௜ࡅࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࿨㢟㛫ࡢព࿡ⓗ㛵㐃௜ࡅࡢ㐣⛬ࢆ㝵ᒙⓗ࡞ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᵓ⠏࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼࡚ࠊᩥ❶⌮ ゎ㐣⛬ࢆᵓ⠏-⤫ྜࣔࢹࣝ㸦construction-integration model㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⌮ㄽ໬ࡋࡓࡢࡣࠊ Kintsch㸦1998㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᝟ሗࡢཷࡅᡭࡣࠊゝㄒධຊ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿᴫᛕ࡜࿨㢟⩌ࡢ࣑ࢡࣟ ⓗ࡞⤖᮰⾲㇟ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࠋࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ࣑ࢡࣟࡢ⤖᮰⾲㇟࡜ࣜࣥࢡࡋࡓ⫼ᬒ▱㆑ࡀࣀ ࣮ࢻࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚άᛶ໬ࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢ࿨㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᥎ㄽࡀస⏝ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࡣࠊ࿨㢟࡟ 㛵ࡍࡿೃ⿵⩌ࡀάᛶ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ែࡔࡀࠊゝㄒධຊࡀ㐍ࡴ࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᩥ⬦࡟ྜࢃ ࡞࠸⫼ᬒ▱㆑ࡸ᥎ㄽࡣ୙せ࡞᥎ㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚᤼㝖ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣉࣟࢭࢫࡀ⧞ࡾ ㏉ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࣐ࢡࣟࡢ⤖᮰ᛶࢆసࡾࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟᝟ሗࡢཷࡅᡭࡣࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ ඲యࡢ࿨㢟ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࣮࣋ࢫ⾲㇟ࢆ⏕ᡂࡋࠊࡑࡇ࡟ㄞࡳᡭࡢ᥎ㄽࢆຍ࠼ࡓ≧ἣࣔࢹࣝࢆ ᵓ⠏ࡍࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ⫈ゎࡣࠊ㐃⥆ⓗ࡟㡢ኌධຊࡉࢀࡿಶࠎࡢゝㄒ᝟ሗࢆ㡰ḟ࡟⤫ྜࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃ₞㐍ⓗ࡞ 㸦incremental㸧ᛶ᱁ࢆᣢࡘࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ⌮ゎ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢ⌮ゎ㐣⛬ ࡣㄞゎ࡜㔜࡞ࡿ㒊ศࡀከࠎ࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ᭱ࡶ኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿⅬࡣࠊㄞゎ࡛ࡣㄞࡳ㐍ࡵ ࡚ࡁࡓ⌮ゎ࡟▩┪ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ࡙ࡅࡤࠊ㏵୰࡛ᚋᡠࡾࢆࡍࡿㄞࡳ㏉ࡋࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊ ⫈ゎ࡛ࡣࡑࢀࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊㄞゎ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩥ❶ࡢ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡀ஦๓࡟༑ ศ࡟⦎ࡽࢀࡓィ⏬ⓗ࡞ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ⫈ゎ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡟ࡣࠊ┦஫ ஺΅ࡢ㐣⛬࡛ࠊ⪃࠼ࡀࡲ࡜ࡲࡽࡎ࡟ゝ࠸┤ࡋࢆࡋࡓࡾࠊヰࡀ๓ᚋࡋࡓࡾࠊ㢌࡟ᾋ࠿ࢇ ࡔᴫᛕࢆࡲࡎཱྀ࡟ฟࡋ࡚ࠊᚋ࠿ࡽࡑࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⿵㊊ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓࡾࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㎷》ࡀྜࢃ ࡎㄝ᫂ࢆࡸࡾ┤ࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊ↓ィ⏬࡞ㄯヰࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦Oshs, 1979㸧ࠋ ⾲㇟ࡢಟṇ࡜෌⤫ྜࢆ㢖⦾࡟⾜ࢃ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢸ ࢟ࢫࢺ⌮ゎ࡟ࡣࠊㄆ▱ⓗ࡞ᚰⓗసᴗ࡟㧗࠸㈇Ⲵࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ⥅᫬ⓗせᅉ࡟ࡼ ࡿグ᠈ಖᣢࡢ᝟ሗᐜ㔞ไ⣙࡜ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢ࣓ࣔࣜࡢほⅬ࠿ ࡽࡳ࡚ࡶࠊㄞゎ࡜ࡣࡲࡓ␗࡞ࡿ✀㢮ࡢ㞴ࡋࡉࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋ ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢ⌮ゎ㐣⛬࡟࠾ࡅࡿព࿡ⓗ࡞㛵㐃௜ࡅࡢ⌮ㄽⓗᐇドࡣࠊ⫈ゎࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋࡓ ➨㸰ゝㄒ⩦ᚓ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ௒ᚋࡣࠊ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡞ほⅬ࠿ ࡽヲ⣽࡟᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ⫈ゎࡢ⌮ゎ㐣⛬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ➨㸰ゝㄒ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣእᅜㄒ㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⫈ゎࡢ⌮ゎ㐣 ⛬ࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ୍ࡘࡢᇶ┙࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᐇ᪋ࡀ⡆౽࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⫈ゎ⬟ຊࢆ㐺ษ࠿ࡘᏳᐃ ⓗ࡟ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࢸࢫࢺࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆヨࡳࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࢸࢫࢺࢆ୰ᅜㄒࡶࡋࡃࡣ㡑 ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࠊࡑࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᇶ࡟ࢸࢫࢺࡢಙ㢗ᛶ࡜ ጇᙜᛶࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ

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2. ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺ㡯┠ࡢᵓᡂ ゝㄒࢸࢫࢺ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊゝㄒ⬟ຊࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᤊ࠼ࡿ࠿ࡀ㔜せ࡞ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࠋ ᐃ ୖ௬ᐃࡍࡿ⬟ຊࢆᵓᡂᴫᛕ㸦construct㸧࡜࠸࠺ࠋᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺ࡛ࡣࠊࡲ࡜ࡲࡗࡓࢸ࢟ࢫ ࢺࡢ⌮ゎ࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽࠊ㸱ࡘࡢᵓᡂᴫᛕࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ␗࡞ࡿ⫈ゎࢸ ࢫࢺࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ⫈ぬධຊ࡟ࡼࡿ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ゝㄒ⌮ゎ⬟ຊࢆ ᐃࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࠿ࡽࠊసᡂ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊㄒ⏝ⓗഃ㠃ࠊㄆ▱࣭ᚰ ⌮ⓗࡢせ⣲ࢆㄪᩚࡋࡓࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊㄒ⏝ⓗഃ㠃ࡢせ⣲ࡣㄯヰᙧᘧࠊࢺࣆࢵࢡࠊሙ㠃ࠊ ᑐே㛵ಀ࡞࡝࡛࠶ࡿࠋㄆ▱࣭ᚰ⌮ⓗഃ㠃ࡢせ⣲࡜ࡣࠊゝㄒࢆㄆ▱ࡍࡿ㝿࡟㛵ࢃࡿฎ⌮ ୖࡢ㞴᫆᮲௳ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୗࠊヲ⣽࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡿࠋ 2.1 タၥࡢᵓᡂ ᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺ࡛ࡣࠊKintsch㸦1998㸧ࡢᵓ⠏-⤫ྜࣔࢹࣝࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺゝㄒᏛ࡟ࡼࡿ୍㈏ ᛶࡢᴫᛕࠊㄯヰ≉ᛶࡸ࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢ࣓ࣔࣜ࡞࡝ࡢゝㄒᚰ⌮ⓗഃ㠃ࡢᴫᛕࢆ᥼⏝ࡋࠊ⫈ゎ ⬟ຊࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿᴫᛕ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ㸦assembly comprehension㸧ࠊࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ 㸦interference ability㸧ࠊࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖ㸦restructuring ability㸧ࡢ㸱ࡘࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࡓࠋࠕ㞟 ✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖࡣࠊḟࡢၥ㢟ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢ᫂♧ⓗ࡞᝟ሗࢆ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡ࡚࠸ࡅࡤࠊ⟅ ࠼ࡀᑟࡁฟࡏࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊᵓ⠏-⤫ྜࣔࢹࣝࡢ┦஫࡟㛵㐃ࡢ࠶ࡿ ࣑ࢡࣟⓗ࡞⤖᮰⾲㇟ࢆ⤫ྜࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ࿨㢟ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࣮࣋ࢫ⾲㇟ࢆసࡾୖࡆ ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ᇶᮏⓗ࡞⪃࠼࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓᵓᡂᴫᛕ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ౛㸯࡟ᣲࡆࡓၥ㢟࡛ࡣࠊ㛢㤋 ᫬㛫ࡀ༗ᚋ㸲᫬࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺࢔ࢼ࢘ࣥࢫ࡟⥆࠸࡚ࠊึࡵ࡚ᅗ᭩ࡢ㈚ࡋฟࡋࢆ⏦ࡋฟࡿ ሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ㛢㤋 30 ศࡲ࡛࡟㸯㝵ࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮࡛ࡢᡭ⥆ࡁࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ ࡀ᫂♧ⓗ࡟ᣦ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊၥ࠸ࡢ᮲௳࡛࠶ࡿࠕึࡵ࡚ᮏࢆ೉ࡾࡿேࠖ ࡢ⾜ືࡣࠊ༗ᚋ 3 ᫬ 30 ศࡲ࡛࡟㸯㝵ࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮࡛ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺㸱␒ࡀṇ⟅࡜ ࡞ࡿࠋ ౛㸯㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ㸦⊂ヰ㸧ᅗ᭩㤋ࡢ࢔ࢼ࢘ࣥࢫ ᅗ᭩㤋ࡢ࢔ࢼ࢘ࣥࢫ࡛ࡍࠋึࡵ࡚ᮏࢆ೉ࡾࡿேࡣࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ࡝ࡇ࡛࡝࠺ࡍࢀࡤ࠸࠸࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ ዪ㸸࠾▱ࡽࡏ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋᮏ᪥᪥᭙᪥ࡢ㛢㤋ࡣ༗ᚋ 4 ᫬ࠊ࠶࡜ 1 ᫬㛫࡯࡝࡛⤊஢࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋᅗ᭩ࡢ㈚ ࡋฟࡋᡭ⥆ࡁࡣ㛢㤋 15 ศ๓ࡲ࡛࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࢥࣆ࣮ࡢ⏦ࡋ㎸ࡳࡣ 2 㝵ཷ௜࡛ 3 ᫬༙ࡲ࡛࡟࠾ 㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓึࡵ࡚ᅗ᭩ࡢ㈚ࡋฟࡋࢆᕼᮃࡉࢀࡿ᪉ࡣࠊ㛢㤋 30 ศ๓ࡲ࡛࡟ 1 㝵ࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮࡛ ㈚ࡋฟࡋ࣮࢝ࢻࡢసᡂࢆ࠾῭ࡲࡏࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋ ㉁ၥ㸸௒᪥ึࡵ࡚ᮏࢆ೉ࡾࡿேࡣࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ࡝࠺ࡍࢀࡤ࠸࠸࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ ձ 3 ᫬ 45 ศࡲ࡛࡟ࠊ1 㝵ࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮࡛ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆࡋࡲࡍࠋ ղ 3 ᫬ 45 ศࡲ࡛࡟ࠊ2 㝵ࡢཷ௜࡛ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆࡋࡲࡍࠋ ճ 3 ᫬ 30 ศࡲ࡛࡟ࠊ1 㝵ࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮࡛ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆࡋࡲࡍࠋ մ 3 ᫬ 30 ศࡲ࡛࡟ࠊ2 㝵ࡢཷ௜࡛ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆࡋࡲࡍࠋ ḟ࡟ࠊࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ࡜ࡣࠊㄯヰࡢࡸࡾྲྀࡾࡢ୰࡟᫂♧ⓗ࣭┤᥋ⓗ࡞ゝㄒ⾲⌧ࡀᥦ♧

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ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢࠊ㠀᫂♧ⓗ࡟ヰࡋᡭࡢྵពࡀᇙࡵ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ✀ࡢࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋࢸ࢟ࢫࢺゝㄒᏛ࡛ࡣࠊᩥࡢព࿡ⓗ㐃⥆ᛶࢆ୍㈏ᛶ㸦coherence㸧࡜࿧ࡪࡀࠊࡇࡢࠕ᥎ ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ࡜ࡣࠊᩥ㛫࡟ព࿡ⓗ࡞㐃⥆ᛶࢆぢฟࡋࠊヰࡋᡭࡢពᅗࡸྵពࢆ㐺ษ࡟ᢕᥱࡍ ࡿ⬟ຊࢆᣦࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ௨ୗࡢ౛㸰࡛ࡣࠊዪᛶࡀసᡂࡋࡓ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⏨ᛶࡢព ぢࢆၥ࠺ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⏨ᛶࡢⓎヰ࡟ࡣࠊ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࠕ㹼ࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸ࠖ࡜࠸ࡗ ࡓࡼ࠺࡞᫂♧ⓗ࡞ຓゝࡢ⾲⌧ࡣ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ⏨ᛶࡢࠕ␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ෗┿ࢆ㍕ࡏࡓࡢࡣ ࠸࠸ࠖࠊࠕ᫂ࡿ࠸Ⰽࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡚άⓎ࡞㞺ᅖẼࡶฟ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࠊࠕࢹࢨ࢖ࣥࡣᝏࡃ࡞ ࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ዲពⓗ࡞ホ౯ࢆྜࢃࡏぢࢀࡤࠊಟṇࡍ࡭ࡁⅬࡣࠊ⏨ᛶࡢࠕ୍␒▱ࡾࡓ࠸᝟ ሗࡀࡸࡸぢ࡙ࡽ࠸ࠖࠊࠕ࠸ࡘ࡝ࡇ࡛㛤ദࡉࢀࡿࡢ࠿ࠖࠊዪᛶࡢࠕලయⓗ࡞᝟ሗࡢ㒊ศ ࡀᑠࡉࡍࡂࡿ࠿ࡶࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ⓨヰ⩌࠿ࡽ᥎ ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊṇ⟅ࡣ㸱␒ࡢࠕ᪥᫬ࡸሙᡤ࡞࡝ࡢ Ꮠࢆ኱ࡁࡃࡋࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸ࠖࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ ౛㸰 ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ㸦఍ヰ㸧࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮ ዪᛶࡀ␃Ꮫ⏕஺ὶ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ពぢࢆ⪺࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⏨ᛶࡢពぢࡣୗࡢ࡝ࢀ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ ዪ㸸ࡡ࠼ࠊ␃Ꮫ⏕஺ὶ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮ࢆసࡗ࡚ࡳࡓࢇࡔࡅ࡝ࠊ࡝࠺࠿࡞ࠋ ⏨㸸࠺ࢇࠊ␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ෗┿ࢆ㍕ࡏࡓࡢࡣ࠸࠸ࡡࠋ᫂ࡿ࠸Ⰽࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡚ࠊάⓎ࡞㞺ᅖẼࡶฟ࡚࠸ࡿࡡࠋ ࡓࡔࠊ୍␒▱ࡾࡓ࠸᝟ሗࡢ㒊ศࡀࡸࡸぢ࡙ࡽ࠸࠿࡞࠶ࠋ㐲ࡃ࠿ࡽぢࡓࡽࠊ࠸ࡗࡓ࠸ఱࢆࡸࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠿ࠊ ࠸ࡘ࡝ࡇ࡛㛤ദࡉࢀࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠿ࠊࡥࡗ࡜ぢ࡚ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸㸽 ዪ㸸ࡓࡋ࠿࡟ࠋ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆࡸࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ๓㠃࡟ฟ࡚࠸ࡿࡅ࡝ࠊලయⓗ࡞᝟ሗࡢ㒊ศࡀᑠࡉࡍࡂࡿ࠿ࡶࠋ ⏨㸸࡛ࡶࠊ඲యⓗ࡞ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥࡣᝏࡃ࡞࠸࠿ࡽࠊᑡࡋኚ᭦ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛༑ศࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡼࠋ ㉁ၥ㸸⏨ᛶࡢពぢࡣୗࡢ࡝ࢀ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ ձࡶࡗ࡜᫂ࡿ࠸Ⰽࢆ౑ࡗࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸ࠋ ղ␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ෗┿ࢆ㍕ࡏࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸ࠋ ճ᪥᫬ࡸሙᡤ࡞࡝ࡢᏐࢆ኱ࡁࡃࡋࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸ࠋ մࢹࢨ࢖ࣥࢆ඲యⓗ࡟ኚ࠼ࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸ࠋ ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖࡣࠊ⥅᫬ⓗ࡞ไ⣙ࡢୗࡢάື࡟࠶ࡿ⫈ゎ࡟࠾࠸࡚≉࡟㔜せ࡜࡞ࡿ⬟ຊ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᵓᡂᴫᛕࡣࠊᵓ⠏-⤫ྜࣔࢹࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࣮࣋ࢫࡢ෌ ⤫ྜࡢ㐣⛬ࡸࠊグ᠈ᐜ㔞࡟ไ㝈ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿ࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢ࣓ࣔࣜࡢほⅬ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃࡶ ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ఍ヰࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ┦஫஺΅ࡢ㐣⛬࡛⤊஢ࡋࡓヰ㢟᝟ሗࡀࠊᙜヱࡢヰ㢟ࢆ㊬ ࠸࡛ᥦ♧ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ௨ୗࡢ౛㸱ࡣࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ౛࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ᪑⾜♫࡛ᐈࡀ࣍ࢸࣝࡢ⤂௓ࢆཷࡅࡿㄯヰ࡛ࠊ࣋ࢵࢻࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ᮲௳ࡀྜ ࢃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠕⓑᒣ࣍ࢸࣝࠖ࡟⥆࠸࡚௚ࡢೃ⿵ࢆ᥈ࡍ㏵୰࡛ࠊ᭱ึࡢࠕⓑᒣ࣍ࢸࣝࠖ࡟ ᮃࡳ㏻ࡾࡢ✵ࡁࡀ࡛ࡁࠊᐈࡣ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡑࡇ࡟ண⣙ࢆỴࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋㄯヰࡢ ᭱ᚋࡢ࡯࠺࡛ࠊึࡵ࡟ྲྀࡾୗࡆࡓࡣࡎࡢࠕⓑᒣ࣍ࢸࣝࠖࡀ┦஫஺΅࡟ࡼࡗ࡚෌ᥦ♧ࡉ ࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺஦ែ࡟ࠊ⪺ࡁᡭࡣὶࢀ࡚ࡃࡿࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ᝟ሗࢆฎ⌮ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊྠ᫬࡟ࠊෑ㢌 ࡢヰࡋᡭࡢᕼᮃ᮲௳ࢆ෌᝿㉳ࡋࠊ௚ࡢೃ⿵࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࣍ࢸࣝࡢ᝟ሗࢆ༷ୗࡋ࡚㏿ࡸ࠿࡟ ಟṇ࡜෌⤫ྜࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋㄯヰᒎ㛤࠿ࡽࠊࡑࢀࡲ࡛⤖᮰໬ࡉࢀࡓ⾲㇟⩌ ࢆ㏿ࡸ࠿࡟ୟࡘᰂ㌾࡟ᵓ㐀໬ࡋ┤ࡍ㐣⛬ࡣࠊグ᠈ࡸὀពࡢ㈨※㓄ศ࡜῝ࡃ㛵ࢃࡿࡶࡢ

(6)

࡛࠶ࡾࠊㄆ▱ⓗ࡟㧗࠸㈇Ⲵࡀ࠿࠿ࡿసᴗ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊ ࡜ࡣࠊ⤖᮰໬ࡉࢀࡓ⾲㇟⩌ࢆㄯヰᒎ㛤࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ࠊᵓ㐀ⓗ࡟ኚᐜࡉࡏࠊὀពࡍ࡭ࡁ᝟ሗ ࡢྲྀᤞ㑅ᢥࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ⬟ຊࢆᣦࡍࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡣࠊ㏻ᖖணࡵ⦎ ࡽࢀࡓࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡟࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊㄯヰࡢ┦஫஺΅ୖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡳࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺ ࡞ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡣࠊ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡀ఍ヰᙧᘧࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ౛㸱 ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊ ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊ㸦఍ヰ㸧࣍ࢸࣝࡢண⣙ ⏨ࡢே࡜ዪࡢேࡀヰࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋዪࡢேࡣࠊ࣍ࢸࣝࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓ࠿ࠋ ⏨㸸࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡏࠋ ዪ㸸཭ே࡜㸰ே࡛⾜ࡃ໭ᾏ㐨᪑⾜ࡢ࣍ࢸࣝࢆ᥈ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠾ࡍࡍࡵ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ࠿ࠋண⟬ࡣࡔ࠸ࡓ ࠸ࡇࢀࡃࡽ࠸࡛ࠋ ⏨㸸ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡡࠋⓑᒣ࣍ࢸࣝࡣ࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ㥐࠿ࡽ㏆࠸࡛ࡍࡋࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸࡛ࡍࡼࠋ ዪ㸸࠶ࡽࠊ࡛ࡶࡇࢀࢲࣈࣝࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࢃࡡࠋ ⏨㸸ࢶ࢖ࣥࡀࡼࢁࡋ࠸࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡋࡓࡽࠊࡇࡕࡽࡢ㞷ぢ࣍ࢸࣝࡣࢶ࢖ࣥ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡓࡔࠊᑡࡋ㥐 ࠿ࡽ㐲ࡃ࡞ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠋ ዪ㸸ࡇࡇࡣ㥐࠿ࡽ 1 ࢟ࣟࡃࡽ࠸㐲࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋ࠺࣮ࢇࠊࡶ࠺ᑡࡋ㏆࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡣࠋ ⏨㸸ୣୖ࣍ࢸ࡛ࣝࡋࡓࡽࠊ㥐࠿ࡽṌ࠸࡚ 10 ศ࡯࡝࡛ࡍࠋ ዪ㸸࠸࠸ࢃࡡࠋࢶ࢖࡛ࣥࠊ⚗↮࣮࣒࡛ࣝண⣙࡛ࡁࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ ⏨㸸࠶ࠊ⏦ࡋヂࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋࡇࡕࡽࡣࡶ࠺ண⣙ࡀ࠸ࡗࡥ࠸࡛ࠊ࠾ྲྀࡾ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇࠋႚ↮࣮࣒ࣝ࡞ࡽ✵ ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ ዪ㸸⚾ࠊࡓࡤࡇࡢ࡟࠾࠸ࡀࡔࡵ࡞ࡢࠋ㞷ぢ࣍ࢸࣝࡣ⚗↮࣮࣒ࣝࡀ✵࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ ⏨㸸ࡇࡇࡶႚ↮࣮࣒ࣝࡋ࠿✵࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡛ࡍࠋ࠶ࠊ᭱ึ࡟࠾ࡍࡍࡵࡋࡓ࣍ࢸ࡛ࣝࢶ࢖ࣥ࡟✵ࡁࡀฟ ࡓࡼ࠺࡛ࡍࠋࡕࡻ࠺࡝⚗↮࣮࣒࡛ࣝࡍࡼࠋ ዪ㸸ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡌࡷ࠶ࠊࡑࡇ࡟ࡍࡿࢃࠋ ㉁ၥ㸸ዪࡢேࡣࠊ࣍ࢸࣝࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓ࠿ࠋ ձⓑᒣ࣍ࢸࣝ࡟Ἡࡲࡿ ղ㞷ぢ࣍ࢸࣝ࡟Ἡࡲࡿ ճୣୖ࣍ࢸࣝ࡟Ἡࡲࡿ մ࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶἩࡲࡽ࡞࠸ ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡞⫈ゎࡢᵓᡂᴫᛕ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺࡣࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ࡟ 10 ၥࠊ ࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ࡟㸳ၥࠊࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖ࡟㸳ၥࢆ๭ࡾᙜ࡚ࠊྜィ 20 ၥ࡛ᵓᡂࡋࡓࠋ 2.2 ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢㄪᩚ 2.2.1 ㄒ⏝ⓗഃ㠃㸸ㄯヰᙧᘧ࣭ࢺࣆࢵࢡ࣭ሙ㠃࣭ᑐே㛵ಀ ⫈ࡁྲྀࡾ࡟ᑡ࡞࠿ࡽࡎᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᝿ᐃࡉࢀࡿㄒ⏝ⓗഃ㠃࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊㄯヰᙧᘧࠊ ࢺࣆࢵࢡࠊሙ㠃ࠊᑐே㛵ಀࡢせ⣲ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡽ࡟࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ೫ࡾࡀฟ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ 㓄៖ࡋࡓࠋㄯヰᙧᘧࡣࠊ఍ヰ࡞࠸ࡋ⊂ヰࡢࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡛ࠊࢺࣆࢵࢡࡸሙ㠃࡛ࡣࠊᏛᰯ࣭ ఍♫࣭᪑⾜࣭♫఍ⓗ࡞ヰ㢟ࡸሙ㠃ࢆᗈࡃ࢝ࣂ࣮ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓࠋ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ࡣࠊᑐே㛵 ಀ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊヰࡍ┦ᡭ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ゝㄒࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࡢព㆑ⓗ࡞㑅ᢥࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊ᪤▱ ࡢ┦ᡭ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣝ࡞ゝㄒࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࡀ㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡿ཭ேྠኈࡸࠊࣇ࢛࣮࣐ ࣝ࡞ゝㄒࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸࡜ࡉࢀࡿୖྖ࡜㒊ୗࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣึぢࡢ┦ᡭ࡜ࡢᑐヰ࡞࡝ࠊ ከᵝ࡞ㄯヰࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊබඹᨺ㏦࡞࡝୙≉ᐃከᩘ࡬ࡢ⫈ࡁᡭࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ

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ၥ㢟 ␒ྕ ᵓᡂ ㄯヰ ᙧᘧ ࢺ ࣆࢵࢡ ሙ 㠃㛵ಀ ㄒᙡ㞴᫆ ᗘ 㻖ὀ㻝 ᩥ❶㞴 ᫆ᗘ 㻖ὀ㻞 read ab ilit y sc or e 㡯┠ ᅔ㞴ᗘ (DIFF ) 㡯┠ ᘚู ຊᣦᩘ (D ISC ) ᐇ㉁ _㑅ᢥ⫥ᩘ _(AENO) 1 㞟✚ⓗ ⌮ゎ ఍ヰ ᤵᴗࡢ Ḟᖍ ᪥ᖖ㸦 Ꮫᰯ㸧 ཭ ே㸭཭ே ࡜ ࡚ࡶࡸ ࡉࡋ࠸ ึ⣭ᚋ ༙ 5. 45 0. 73 8* 0. 30 3 2. 35 7 2 㞟✚ⓗ ⌮ゎ ఍ヰ ⤖ ፧࢔ࣥ ࢣ࣮ࢺ ᪥ ᖖ ཭ ே㸭཭ே ࡸࡉࡋ ࠸ ึ⣭ᚋ ༙ 4. 9 0. 483 0. 56 3 3. 441 3 㞟✚ⓗ ⌮ゎ ఍ヰ㖠ࡢၥ 㢟 ᪥ ᖖ ཭ ே㸭཭ே ࡩࡘ ࠺ ึ⣭ᚋ ༙ 4. 9 0. 476 0. 42 1 3. 329 4 㞟✚ⓗ ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ฎ᪉ ⟢ ⑓ 㝔 ་ ⪅㸭ᝈ⪅ ࡜ ࡚ࡶࡸ ࡉࡋ࠸ ୰⣭ᚋ ༙ 4. 84 0. 48 6 0. 380 3. 48 9 5 㞟✚ⓗ ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ຮᙉሙ ᡤ ࣞ ࣏ ࣮ ࢺ ヰࡋᡭ㸭 ୙≉ᐃ ከᩘ ࡜ ࡚ࡶࡸ ࡉࡋ࠸ ୰⣭๓ ༙ 3. 77 0. 81 0* 0. 39 2 2. 00 0 6 㞟✚ⓗ ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ࣞ ࣏࣮ࢺ ࡢᥦฟ ᪥ᖖ㸦 Ꮫᰯ㸧 ᩍ ᖌ㸭⏕ᚐ ࡩࡘ ࠺ ୰⣭ᚋ ༙ 3. 56 0. 73 4* 0. 43 2 2. 29 3 7 㞟✚ⓗ ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ㐠ື఍ࡢ ᘏᮇ Ꮫᰯ࢔ࢼ ࢘ࣥࢫ ஦ົ 㸦ᩍᖌ 㸧㸭∗඗ ࣭⏕ᚐ ࡜ ࡚ࡶࡸ ࡉࡋ࠸ ୰⣭ᚋ ༙ 3. 0 0. 80 3* 0. 364 1. 99 0* 8 㞟✚ⓗ ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ᅗ᭩㤋 ࡢ࢔ࢼ࢘ ࣥࢫ බඹࢫ ࣮࣌ࢫ ヰࡋᡭ㸭 ୙≉ᐃ ከᩘ ࡩࡘ ࠺ ୰⣭ᚋ ༙ 2. 95 0. 65 9 0. 433 2. 51 9 9 㞟✚ⓗ ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ᑡ㢠◳ ㈌ ࣞ ࣏ ࣮ ࢺ ヰࡋᡭ㸭 ୙≉ᐃ ከᩘ ᑡࡋ㞴 ࡋ࠸ ୰⣭ᚋ ༙ 2. 89 0. 24 1 0. 390 3. 90 2 10 㞟✚ⓗ ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ே Ẽࡢ࢔ ࣃ࣮ࢺ ࣏ࣞ ࣮ࢺ ヰࡋᡭ㸭 ୙≉ᐃ ከᩘ ࡩࡘ ࠺ ୰⣭ᚋ ༙ 2. 53 0. 64 5 0. 433 2. 70 4 11 ᥎ㄽ ⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ௙஦ࡢ ౫㢗 ⫋ ሙ ඛ ㍮㸭㒊ୗ ࡩࡘ ࠺ ୰⣭๓ ༙ 4. 46 0. 40 3 0. 384 3. 44 4 12 ᥎ㄽ ⬟ຊ ఍ヰ㫽࡜㟁 Ἴ ࢖ࣥࢱ ࣅ࣮ࣗ ࣏࣮ࣜࢱ ࣮㸭◊ ✲⪅ ࡸࡉࡋ ࠸ ୰⣭๓ ༙ 4. 27 0. 54 1 0. 434 3. 09 0 13 ᥎ㄽ ⬟ຊ ⊂ヰ ␃Ᏺ␒ 㟁ヰ ᪥ ᖖ㸦ࣅ ࢪࢿࢫ 㸧ヰࡋᡭ 㸭ྲྀᘬ ඛ ࡩ ࡘ ࠺ ୰⣭๓ ༙ 4. 27 0. 23 8 0. 486 3. 96 0 14 ᥎ㄽ ⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ࢖࣋ࣥ ࢺࡢ࣏ࢫ ࢱ࣮ ᪥ᖖ㸦 Ꮫᰯ㸧 ཭ ே㸭཭ே ࡩࡘ ࠺ ୰⣭๓ ༙ 3. 59 0. 45 2 0. 613 3. 47 2 15 ᥎ㄽ ⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ఍ ♫ࡢᘓ ࡚┤ࡋ ⫋ሙ㸦 ఍㆟㸧 ఍♫ᙺဨ 㸭఍♫ ᙺဨ ࡩࡘ ࠺ ୰⣭ᚋ ༙ 3. 3 0. 469 0. 27 8* 3. 42 1 16 ෌ᵓ㐀 ໬⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ࣍ࢸࣝࡢ ண⣙ ᪥ ᖖ ᪑⾜ ఍♫㸭ᐈ ࡸࡉࡋ ࠸ ึ⣭๓ ༙ 5. 66 0. 66 6 0. 566 2. 62 2 17 ෌ᵓ㐀 ໬⬟ຊ ⊂ヰ ᪑⾜ࡢ ᪥⛬ ᪥ ᖖ㸦㟁ヰண⣙ 㸧 ᪑ ⾜ ఍♫㸭ᐈ ࡸࡉࡋ ࠸ ึ⣭ᚋ ༙ 5. 21 0. 43 4 0. 338 3. 41 8 18 ෌ᵓ㐀 ໬⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ฟ⏘⚃ ࠸ ᪥ ᖖ ཭ ே㸭཭ே ࡩࡘ ࠺ ึ⣭ᚋ ༙ 4. 85 0. 71 7* 0. 45 1 2. 39 3 19 ෌ᵓ㐀 ໬⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ၟ ရࡢࢿ࣮ ࣑ࣥࢢ ⫋ሙ㸦 ఍㆟㸧 ♫ ဨ㸭♫ဨ ᑡࡋ㞴 ࡋ࠸ ึ⣭ᚋ ༙ 4. 75 0. 40 0 0. 450 3. 28 0 20 ෌ᵓ㐀 ໬⬟ຊ ⊂ヰ ᪂ேࡢḼ ㏄఍ ⫋ ሙ ヰࡋ ᡭ㸭♫ဨ ࡸࡉࡋ ࠸ ୰⣭๓ ༙ 3. 75 0. 59 3 0. 338 3. 04 9 ὀ 1㸸ㄒᙡ 㞴᫆ᗘ ࡣ㸪ࠕࣜ ࣮ࢹ࢕ ࣥࢢࢳࣗ ࢘ኴࠖ h ttp :// lan gu ag e.t iu.ac .jp / ࡼࡾ⟬ ฟࠋ ὀ 2㸸ᩥ❶ 㞴᫆ᗘ ࡜ read ab ilit y s co reࡣ㸪ࠕᩥ ❶㞴᫆ ᗘุᐃ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ alp ha ∧ࠖ h ttp ://j re ad ab ilit y. ne t/ ࡼࡾ⟬ ฟࠋ ὀ 3㸸 *ࡣ㡯┠ ᅔ㞴ᗘ㸪㡯┠ᘚ ูຊᣦᩘ 㸪ᐇ㉁㑅ᢥᣦ ᩘࡢྛᣦ ᶆ࡟࠾ ࠸࡚㸪ၥ 㢟ࡢ㐺 ษࡉࢆ♧ ࡍᮃࡲ ࡋ࠸್ ࢆ‶ࡓࡋ ࡚࠸࡞ ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ ⾲ࡍࠋ ⾲ 1ࠉ ⫈ ゎ ࢸ ࢫ ࢺ ࡢ ᴫ せ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ศ ᯒ ⤖ ᯝ

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ࡓࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣝ࡞⊂ヰᙧᘧ࡞࡝ࡶྵࢇࡔࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᮏࢸࢫࢺࡢゝㄒᙧᘧ࡟ࡣࠊሙ㠃 ࡸᑐே㛵ಀ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ࠊᬑ㏻యࠊ୎ᑀయࠊᩗㄒ࡞࡝ࡀ⧊ࡾ஺ࡐ࡚࠶ࡾࠊ≉ᐃࡢゝㄒᙧᘧ ࡟ᅛᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ 2.2.2 ㄆ▱࣭ᚰ⌮ⓗഃ㠃㸸ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢ㞴᫆ᗘࡢㄪᩚ ⫈ゎ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ᚓࡿせᅉ࡟ࡣࠊୖ㏙ࡢせ⣲௨እ࡟ࠊㄒᙡࡸࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡑࡢࡶࡢࡢ㞴 ᫆ᗘࡀ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊྛᵓᡂᴫᛕ࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄒᙡࡸࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ㞴᫆ᗘࢆㄪᩚࡍࡿ ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊㄒᙡࡢ㞴᫆ᗘุᐃ࡟ࡣࠊࠕ࣮ࣜࢹ࢕ࣥࢢࢳࣗ࢘ኴࠖ㸦ᕝᮧࡼࡋࡇẶࡀ㛤Ⓨࡋ ࡓ http://language.tiu.ac.jp/㸧ࢆࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢ㞴᫆ᗘุᐃ࡟ࡣࠊᮤᅾ㙞࣭㛗㇂㒊㝧୍㑻࣭ ῦ ᑿ ோ ᙪ Ặ ࡽ ࡀ 㛤 Ⓨ ࡋ ࡓ ࠕ ᪥ ᮏ ㄒ ᩥ ❶ 㞴 ᫆ ᗘ ุ ᐃ ࢩ ࢫ ࢸ ࣒ alpha ∧ ࠖ 㸦http://jreadability.net/㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᩥ❶㞴᫆ᗘ࡜࣮ࣜࢲࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࢫࢥ࢔㸦readability score; ẕㄒヰ⪅ุᐃ㸧ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ⾲㸯࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋ ㄒᙡࡢ㞴᫆ᗘุᐃ࡜ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢ㞴᫆ᗘุᐃࡣࠊグ㏙ⓗ࡞ᣦᶆ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㞴᫆ᗘࡀ ᴟ➃࡟೫ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ࡟࡜࡝ࡵࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ࣮ࣜࢲࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࢫࢥ࢔ ࡣࠊᩥ❶㸦ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ㸧ࡢ㞴᫆ᗘࡀᩘ್࡛⾲ࡉࢀࠊᩘ್ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡯࡝᫆ࡋࡃࠊᑠࡉ࠸࡯ ࡝㞴ࡋ࠸ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ㞟 ✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ3.88㸦ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 1.06㸧ࠊࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖࡀ 3.98㸦ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 0.50㸧ࠊࠕ෌ᵓ㐀 ໬⬟ຊࠖࡀ 4.84㸦ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 0.71㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖࡢࢫࢥ࢔ࡀ௚ࡢ㸰ࡘࡼ ࡾࡶࡸࡸ᫆ࡋࡵ࡜♧ࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢ✀ࡢࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡣࠊ⫈ゎฎ⌮ࡢ㐣⛬ୖ࡟࠾࠸࡚᝟ሗ ࡢ୍ᐃ᫬㛫ࡢಖᣢࡸࠊᚲせ࡞᝟ሗࡢྲྀᤞ㑅ᢥ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟෌⤫ྜ࡜࠸࠺」㞧࡞సᴗࡀ㛵ࢃ ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡓࡵࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡣࡴࡋࢁ㞴᫆ᗘࡀప࠸࡯࠺ࡀ㐺ᙜࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ࣮ࣜࢲࣅࣜࢸ ࢕ࢫࢥ࢔ࢆᚑᒓኚᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖࠊࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖࠊࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖࡢ㸱 ࡘࡢኚᩘࡢ㛫࡟ᕪࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢆ୍ኚ㔞ࡢศᩓศᯒ࡟ࡼࡗ᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊኚᩘ 㛫࡟᭷ព࡞㐪࠸ࡣ࡞ࡃ[F(2, 17)=2.144, ns]ࠊ࡝ࡢᵓᡂᴫᛕࡢࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡶྠ⛬ᗘࡢᩥ❶㞴 ᫆ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾࠊᮏࢸࢫࢺࡢᵓᡂᴫᛕูࡢࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㞴᫆ᗘࡣࠊ ➼㉁࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ 3. ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺࡢᐇ᪋࡜ศᯒ 3.1 ㄪᰝ༠ຊ⪅ 3.1.1 ୰ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ ㄪᰝ༠ຊ⪅ࡣࠊㄪᰝ༠ຊ⪅ࡣࠊ୰ᅜ࡟࠶ࡿ㸰ࡘࡢ኱Ꮫ㸦㸰㹼㸱ᖺ⏕㸧࠾ࡼࡧྎ‴࡟ ࠶ࡿ㸯ࡘࡢ኱Ꮫ㸦㸱㹼㸲ᖺ⏕㸧࡛᪥ᮏㄒࢆ୺ᑓᨷ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ 249 ྡ㸦250 ྡ ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ㸯ྡḞᦆ್ࡀ࠶ࡾศᯒ࠿ࡽ㝖እ㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋෆヂࡣࠊ㸰ᖺ⏕ࡀ 51 ྡࠊ㸱ᖺ⏕ ࡀ 150 ྡࠊ㸲ᖺ⏕ࡀ 48 ྡ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 3.1.2 㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ ᪥ᮏࡢ኱Ꮫ࡛Ꮫࡪ㡑ᅜே᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ 41 ྡ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦Ṕࡣࠊ㸯ᖺᮍ‶ࡀ㸵ྡࠊ

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㸯ᖺ㹼㸰ᖺᮍ‶ࡀ 10 ྡࠊ㸰ᖺ㹼㸱ᖺᮍ‶ࡀ 10 ྡࠊ㸱ᖺ㹼㸲ᖺᮍ‶ࡀ㸵ྡࠊ㸳ᖺ௨ୖ ࡀ㸴ྡ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦࠺ࡕ㸯ྡࡣᏛ⩦Ṕ୙᫂㸧ࠋ 3.2 ⤖ᯝ 3.2.1 ඲యࡢ⤖ᯝ 20 ၥࡢ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺࢆィ 290 ྡ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ඲యࡢᖹᆒⅬࡀ 10.99㸦ᶆ ‽೫ᕪ 3.96㸧Ⅼ࡛ࠊ᭱㧗Ⅼࡣ 20 Ⅼࠊ᭱పⅬࡣ 3 Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࢡࣟࣥࣂࢵࢡࡢ α ಀᩘࡣ .757 ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ20 ၥ࡜࠸࠺ᑡ࡞࠸ၥ㢟ᩘ࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊẚ㍑ⓗ㧗࠸್ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊẕ ㄒู࡛ಙ㢗ᛶࡢ᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ୰ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣ α = .709ࠊ㡑ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣ α = .844࡜࡞ࡾࠊ㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗࠸್ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖࠊࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖࠊࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖࡢ㸱ࡘ࡟ୗ఩࢝ࢸࢦࣜ໬ࡋ ࡓ㡯┠ࡢ㡯┠ᚓⅬࡣࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ㸦10 Ⅼ‶Ⅼ㸧ࡢᖹᆒࡀ 6.06㸦ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 2.14㸧Ⅼ ࡛ࠊࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ㸦5 Ⅼ‶Ⅼ㸧ࡀ 1.96㸦ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 1.38㸧Ⅼࠊࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖ㸦5 Ⅼ‶ Ⅼ㸧ࡣࠊ2.81㸦ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 1.35㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 3.2.2 㡯┠ศᯒ ඲య࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢸࢫࢺࡢෆᐜⓗ୍㈏ᛶࡢᣦᶆ࡛࠶ࡿಙ㢗ᛶಀᩘ࠿ࡽࡶࠊᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺ ࡣẚ㍑ⓗᏳᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࢸࢫࢺࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿྛ㡯┠ࡢၥ㢟ࢆヲ ⣽࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊTDAP㸦Test Data Analysis Program㸧Ver.2.0㸦኱཭࣭୰ᮧ, 2002㸧 ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㡯┠ศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ኱཭㸦1996㸧࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ㡯┠ศᯒ࡛ࡣࠊ㡯┠ᅔ㞴ᗘ㸦item difficulty: DIFF㸧ࠊ㡯┠ᘚูຊ㸦item discrimination power index: DISC㸧ࠊᐇ㉁㑅ᢥ⫥ᩘ 㸦actual equivalent number of options: AENO㸧ࡀ୺࡞ホ౯ᣦᶆ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢ㸱ࡘࡢᣦᶆ࡟ ࡼࡿ඲యࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ⾲㸯࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ୰ᅜㄒ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟ࢸࢫࢺࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࡀࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ⩌࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᵓᡂᴫᛕࠊ㡯┠࡟ࡼࡗ ࡚ࡑࡢഴྥ࡟␗࡞ࡾࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡓࡵࠊ௨ୗࡇࢀࡽࡢᣦᶆ࠿ࡽ୧⩌ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ 3.2.2.1 㡯┠ᅔ㞴ᗘ㸦DIFF㸧㡯┠ᅔ㞴ᗘ࡜ࡣࠊࡑࡢ㡯┠ࡀ࡝ࡢࡃࡽ࠸㞴ࡋ࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࠿ࢆ♧ࡍᣦᶆ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᣦ ᶆࡢ್ࡣࠊ㡯┠ᅔ㞴ᗘ㸻ṇ⟅⪅ᩘ㸭ཷ㦂⪅⥲ᩘ࡛ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊṇ⟅⋡࡜ࡶ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ 㡯┠ᅔ㞴ᗘࡣࠊ㸯࡟㏆࠸࡯࡝᫆ࡋࡃࠊ㸮࡟㏆࠸࡯࡝㞴ࡋ࠸㡯┠࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡋ ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊཷ㦂⪅ࡀ୙≉ᐃከᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㞟ᅋᇶ‽‽ᣐࢸࢫࢺࡢሙྜࠊ≉ᐃࡢᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵 ࡛⾜ࡗࡓᩍ⫱ෆᐜࡢ฿㐩ᗘࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ┠ᶆᇶ‽‽ᣐࢸࢫࢺ࡜ࡣᛶ㉁ࡸ┠ⓗࡀ␗࡞ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢ್ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ព࿡ࢆᣢࡘࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ 㞟ᅋᇶ‽‽ᣐࢸࢫࢺࡢ㡯┠ホ౯ࢆ⾜࠾࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ➨㸯࡟㐺ษࡉࡢᇶ‽ࢆᐃࡵࡿ ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㡯┠ᅔ㞴ᗘࡢ㐺ษࡉࡣࠊ୺࡟㑅ᢥ⫥ᩘ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ỵࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡀ」

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ᩘ࠶ࡿሙྜࡣࠊᙜ࡚᥎㔞࡟ࡼࡗ࡚അ↛ṇ⟅ࡀ㑅ࡤࢀࡿ☜⋡ࡶຍ࿡ࡉࢀࠊ᭱㐺ᅔ㞴ᗘࡢ ᘧࡣࠊ᭱㐺ᅔ㞴ᗘ㸻0.5㸩0.5㸦1㸭㑅ᢥ⫥ᩘ㸧࡛ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋᮏࢸࢫࢺࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ᩘࡣࡍ ࡭࡚㸲ࡘ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ᭱㐺ᅔ㞴ᗘࡣ 0.625 ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣᴫࡡ 0.70 ௨ୖࡢ್ࡣࡸࡸᐜ᫆ ࡞ၥ㢟࡜ࡳ࡞ࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿࠋ඲యࡢ⤖ᯝ࡛ࡣࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ࢝ࢸࢦ࡛ࣜࡣࠕᤵᴗࡢḞ ᖍࠖࠊࠕຮᙉሙᡤࠖࠊࠕ࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡢᥦฟࠖࠊࠕ㐠ື఍ࡢᘏᮇࠖࡢ㸲ၥࡀ 0.70 ௨ୖ㸦⾲㸯࡟* ࡛♧ࡋࡓ㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ࢝ࢸࢦ࡛ࣜࡣ㸯ࡘࡶ࡞ࡃࠊࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖ࢝ࢸࢦ ࣜࡢ㡯┠࡛ࡣࠊࠕฟ⏘⚃࠸ࠖࡢ㸯ၥ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ඲య࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ 0.40㹼0.60 ࢆ᥎⛣ࡍࡿ್ࡢၥ 㢟ࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡓࡔࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ࢝ࢸࢦࣜࡢࠕᑡ㢠◳㈌ࠖ㸦0.241㸧࡜ࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ ࢝ࢸࢦࣜࡢࠕ␃Ᏺ␒㟁ヰࠖ㸦0.238㸧ࡣ㡯┠ᅔ㞴ᗘࡢ್ࡀᑠࡉࡃࠊࡇࡢ್ࢆぢࡿ㝈ࡾ࡛ ࡣࠊ㞴ࡋ࠸ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ⾲ 2 ୰ᅜㄒ㸭㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ูࡢ㡯┠ศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ ὀ㸸*ࡣ㡯┠ᅔ㞴ᗘࠊ㡯┠ᘚูຊᣦᩘࠊᐇ㉁㑅ᢥᣦᩘࡢྛᣦᶆ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊၥ㢟ࡢ㐺ษࡉࢆ♧ࡍᮃࡲࡋ࠸್ ࢆ‶ࡓࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ⾲ࡍࠋ ḟ࡟ࠊ୰ᅜㄒ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ู࡟㡯┠ᅔ㞴ᗘࡢ⤖ᯝࢆぢ ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ࢝ࢸࢦࣜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢሙྜ ࡣ 0.70 ࢆ㉸࠼ࡓၥ㢟ࡀከࡃࠊࡇࡢ✀ࡢ⫈ゎࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡣࠊ㡑ᅜே᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ ⌮ゎࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ0.70 ࢆ㉸࠼ࡓၥ㢟ࡀ㸶㡯┠࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㡑 ᅜே᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟ᑐࡋࠊ୰ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢ༙ศࡢ㸲㡯┠ ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᚲࡎࡋࡶ᫆ࡋ࠸ၥ㢟࡜ࡣ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ୰ᅜ 㡑ᅜ ୰ᅜ 㡑ᅜ ୰ᅜ 㡑ᅜ 1 㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ ఍ヰ ᤵᴗࡢḞᖍ 0.735* 0.756* 0.269* 0.550 2.369 2.254 2 㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ ఍ヰ ⤖፧࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ 0.434 0.780* 0.565 0.339 3.579 2.136 3 㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ ఍ヰ㖠ࡢၥ㢟 0.418 0.829* 0.372 0.344 3.477 1.809* 4 㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ฎ᪉⟢ 0.482 0.512 0.390 0.416 3.468 3.254 5 㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ຮᙉሙᡤ 0.795* 0.902* 0.359 0.587 2.076 1.524* 6 㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡢᥦฟ 0.719* 0.829* 0.413 0.538 2.376 1.749* 7 㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ㐠ື఍ࡢᘏᮇ 0.787* 0.902* 0.335 0.511 2.060 1.454* 8 㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ᅗ᭩㤋ࡢ࢔ࢼ࢘ࣥࢫ 0.627 0.854* 0.428 0.302 2.624 1.664* 9 㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ᑡ㢠◳㈌ 0.213 0.415 0.318 0.548 3.887 3.550 10 㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ ⊂ヰ ேẼࡢ࢔ࣃ࣮ࢺ 0.622 0.780* 0.387 0.638 2.817 1.901* 11 ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ௙஦ࡢ౫㢗 0.369 0.610 0.339 0.426 3.536 2.568 12 ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ ఍ヰ㫽࡜㟁Ἴ 0.522 0.659 0.427 0.439 3.162 2.577 13 ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ ⊂ヰ ␃Ᏺ␒㟁ヰ 0.217 0.366 0.461 0.537 3.923 3.800 14 ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮ 0.418 0.659 0.577 0.723 3.571 2.563 15 ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ఍♫ࡢᘓ࡚┤ࡋ 0.450 0.585 0.217* 0.502 3.517 2.534 16 ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ࣍ࢸࣝࡢண⣙ 0.635 0.854* 0.553 0.588 2.742 1.758* 17 ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊ ⊂ヰ ᪑⾜ࡢ᪥⛬ 0.418 0.537 0.270* 0.631 3.470 2.769 18 ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ฟ⏘⚃࠸ 0.711* 0.756* 0.468 0.445 2.420 2.194 19 ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊ ఍ヰ ၟရࡢࢿ࣮࣑ࣥࢢ 0.341 0.756* 0.383 0.471 3.321 2.194 20 ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊ ⊂ヰ ᪂ேࡢḼ㏄఍ 0.582 0.659 0.294* 0.581 3.109 2.563

DIFF DISC AENO

ၥ㢟

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୰ᅜㄒ࠾ࡼࡧ㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡛ࠊ࡝ࡕࡽࡶ್ࡀ㧗࠸㡯┠ࡀࠊࠕ㞟 ✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ࢝ࢸࢦࣜࡢࠕᤵᴗࡢḞᖍࠖ㸦୰ᅜ㸸0.735ࠊ㡑ᅜ㸸0.756㸧ࠊࠕ㐠ື఍ࡢᘏᮇࠖ 㸦୰ᅜ㸸0.789ࠊ㡑ᅜ㸸0.902㸧ࠊࠕຮᙉሙᡤࠖ㸦୰ᅜ㸸0.795ࠊ㡑ᅜ㸸0.902㸧ࠊࠕ࣏ࣞ ࣮ࢺࡢᥦฟࠖ㸦୰ᅜ㸸0.719ࠊ㡑ᅜ㸸0.829㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㸰⩌ࡢ㛫࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᕪࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㡯 ┠ࡣࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ࢝ࢸࢦࣜࡢࠕ㖠ࡢၥ㢟ࠖ㸦୰ᅜ㸸0.418ࠊ㡑ᅜ㸸0.829㸧࡜ࠕ෌ᵓ 㐀໬⬟ຊࠖ࢝ࢸࢦࣜࡢࠕၟရࡢࢿ࣮࣑ࣥࢢࠖ㸦୰ᅜ㸸0.341ࠊ㡑ᅜ㸸0.756㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ௨ୗࡢ౛㸲ࠕ㖠ࡢၥ㢟ࠖࡢゎ⟅ഴྥࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ㡑ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ㑅ࢇࡔ㑅ᢥ⫥࡟࡯࡜ ࢇ࡝ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡟ᑐࡋࠊ୰ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣࠊṇ⟅ࡢ㸱␒ࡢ࡯࠿ࠊ㸯␒ࡸ㸲␒ࢆ 㑅ࢇࡔཷ㦂⪅ࡶከࡃࠊゎ⟅ࡢศᩓᗘࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢ୰࡛ࡣࠊࠕ⋓ ≀ࡢ⓶ࢆྲྀࡗࡓᚋࠊࡑࢀࢆࡑࡢࡲࡲᤞ࡚࡚ࠖ⾜ࡃேࡀ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࠕࡉࡽ࡟࡜ࢇ࡛ࡶ ࡞࠸ࡢࡀࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧࡛ᙉㄪࡉࢀࠊ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠕ⭉ࡗࡓໝ࠸ࡀࡦ࡝࠸ࠖ࡜ᨺ⨨ࡉࢀࡓ⓶ࡢ ⭉⮯ࡀ㏞ᝨ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀ௨እࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡣࠊⓎ◙ࡉࢀࡓ㖠ࡢ㡢ࢆ ࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡉࢀࡓၥ㢟ࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡶࡗ࡜ࡶ㔜せ࡞ၥ㢟Ⅼ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼࡞࠸ࠋ⟅࠼ ࢆᑟࡃ࣮࢟ࣗࡀ୚࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࡢࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊㄯヰࡢ᝟ሗࡢせⅬ ࢆᤊ࠼ࠊ᝟ሗࡢせ୙せࡢุ᩿ࡀࡘ࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤᝨࢃࡉࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ౛㸲㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ㸦఍ヰ㸧㖠ࡢၥ㢟 ⏨ࡢே࡜ዪࡢேࡀヰࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⏨ࡢேࡀ୍␒ၥ㢟ࡔ࡜ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣఱ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ ዪ㸸ࢃ࠶ࠊ࡞࣮࡟ࠊ௒ࡢ㡢㸟 ⏨㸸㖠ࡢ㡢ࡔࡼࠋࡇࡢ㎶ࡾ࡛⊁ࡾࢆࡍࡿேࡀ࠸ࡿࢇࡔࠋࢩ࢝ࡸ࢘ࢧࢠࢆ㖠࡛ᧁࡗࡓࡾࡋ࡚ࠋ ዪ㸸࠼࠼ࠋㄗࡗ࡚Ⓩᒣ⪅ࡸఫẸ࡟ᙜࡓࡗࡓࡽ࡝࠺ࡍࡿࡢ㸽 ⏨㸸ࡑ࠺࡞ࢇࡔࡼࠋࡉࡽ࡟࡜ࢇ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࡢࡀࠊ⋓≀ࡢ⓶ࢆྲྀࡗࡓᚋࠊࡑࢀࢆࡑࡢࡲࡲᤞ࡚࡚ࡗࡕࡷ࠺ே ࡀ࠸ࡿࢇࡔࠋ ዪ㸸ಙࡌࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶఱࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࢩ࢝ࡸ࢘ࢧࢠࢆẅࡍࡢࠊ࠶ࢇ࡞࡟ྍឡ࠸ࡢ࡟…ࠋ ⏨㸸ࡲ࠶ࠊᙼࡽࡢ┠ⓗࡣ࡜ࡶ࠿ࡃࠋ࡜࡟࠿ࡃᅔࡿࢇࡔࡼࠋ⭉ࡗࡓໝ࠸ࡀࡦ࡝ࡃ࡚ࡉ࣮ࠋ ㉁ၥ㸸⏨ࡢேࡀ୍␒ၥ㢟ࡔ࡜ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣఱ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ ձࢩ࢝ࡸ࢘ࢧࢠࢆẅࡍࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ ղ㖠ࢆᧁࡘࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ ճṚࢇࡔື≀ࢆᨺ⨨ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ մ⋓≀ࡢ⓶ࢆྲྀࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ≉࡟୰ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ್ࡀప࠸㡯┠ࡀࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ࢝ ࢸࢦࣜࡢࠕᑡ㢠◳㈌ࠖ㸦0.213㸧࡜ࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ࢝ࢸࢦࣜࡢࠕ␃Ᏺ␒㟁ヰࠖ㸦0.217㸧࡛ ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕ␃Ᏺ␒㟁ヰࠖࡣࠊࣅࢪࢿࢫࡢෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ௚ࡢ᪥ᖖ⏕άሙ㠃ࡢ㡯┠⩌࡜኱ ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿⅬࡣࠊᩗㄒࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸦౛㸳㸧ࠋᩗㄒࡣࠊࠕᚚ ♫ࠖ࡜ࠕᘢ♫ࠖࠊࠕ࠺࠿ࡀ࠺ࠖࠊࠕࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࠖ࡞࡝ࠊࣅࢪࢿࢫሙ㠃࡛ࡣ㢖⦾࡟ ౑ࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊᩗㄒࡀṇࡋࡃ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢㄯヰࢆ㐺ษ࡟⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࠊᑛᩗㄒ࠿ㅬㆡㄒ࠿ࡢ༊ูࡀ୺ㄒࢆỴࡵࠊㄡࡢ⾜ື࠿ࢆつᐃࡍࡿ ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୰ᅜㄒ࡟ࡣࠊᩗㄒ࡟࠶ࡓࡿᩥἲᙧែࡀ࡞࠸㸦ࡑࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ࠊㄒࡸゝ࠸ᅇ ࡋ࡛ᩗពࢆ⾲⌧ࡍࡿ㸧ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ㡑ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࡟ẚ࡭࡚ゝㄒ⩦័ⓗ࡟ࡶᩗㄒࡢ౑⏝ ᪉ἲ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⌮ゎࡀ㞴ࡋࡃࠊᅔ㞴ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

(12)

౛㸳 ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ㸦⊂ヰ㸧␃Ᏺ␒㟁ヰ ⏨ࡢேࡀヰࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ␃Ᏺ␒㟁ヰࢆ⪺࠸ࡓேࡣࠊࡇࡢ࠶࡜ఱࢆࡋࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ ⏨㸸࠶࣮ࡶࡋࡶࡋࠊ࠸ࡘࡶ࠾ୡヰ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ୕ࢶᫍၟ஦ࡢ⏣୰࡛ࡍࠋ ࠼࣮࡜ࠊࡉࡁ࡯࡝ᚚ♫࡟࠺࠿ࡀࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡕࡻ࠺࡝ᖍࢆእࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡢࡇ࡜ࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ ᦠᖏ࡟࠾㟁ヰࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࡲࡍࠋ௒ᅇ࡛ࡍࡡࠊᘢ♫ࡢ᪂〇ရࡢࡈ᱌ෆࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡇ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ࢝ࢱࣟࢢࢆ࠾ᣢࡕࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ࢝ࢱࣟࢢࡣࠊࢹࢫࢡࡢ࡯࠺࡟⨨࠸࡚࠾ࡁࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊᡠࡽࢀࡲ ࡋࡓࡽࠊࡈぴ࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓᚋ᪥ࠊ࠾㑧㨱ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸ ⮴ࡋࡲࡍࠋኻ♩⮴ࡋࡲࡍࠋ ㉁ၥ㸸␃Ᏺ␒㟁ヰࢆ⪺࠸ࡓேࡣࠊࡇࡢ࠶࡜ఱࢆࡋࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ ձ⏣୰ࡉࢇࡢ㟁ヰࢆᚅࡘࠋ ղ⏣୰ࡉࢇ࡟㟁ヰࡍࡿࠋ ճ⏣୰ࡉࢇࢆ᱌ෆࡍࡿࠋ մ≉࡟ఱࡶࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡇࡢ㡯┠ࡣࠊゝㄒᙧᘧࡢ⌮ゎࢆ ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊ ḟ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⾜ືࢆྲྀࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ㄒ⏝ⓗ࡞▱㆑ࢆၥ࠺ၥ㢟࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢၥ 㢟ࡣࠊႠᴗᢸᙜ⪅ࡀྲྀᘬඛࡢ㢳ᐈ࡟ࠊ⮬ศࡢ఍♫ࡢ࢝ࢱࣟࢢࢆᒆࡅ࡟࠸ࡗࡓࡀࠊ୙ᅾ ࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ㢳ᐈࡢࢹࢫࢡ࡟࢝ࢱࣟࢢࢆṧࡋࠊᚋ᪥ࡑࡢ࢝ࢱࣟࢢ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚┤᥋఍ࡗ࡚ ヰࡋࡓ࠸ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㟁ヰࡢཷࡅᡭࡣࠊᚋ᪥⏣୰ࡉࢇࡢ᮶ゼࢆ ᚅ࡚ࡤࡼࡃࠊ␃Ᏺ␒㟁ヰࢆ⪺࠸ࡓ࠶࡜ࠊ≉࡟ఱ࠿ࢆࡍࡿᚲせࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࣅࢪࢿࢫሙ㠃࡛ ࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡸࡾྲྀࡾࡀከࡃ஺ࢃࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࡢ㟁ヰࡢពᅗࡸྵពࢆ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁ࡞ ࡅࢀࡤࠊ㐺ษ࡞⟅࠼㸦ᐇ㝿࡟ࡣ⾜ື㸧ࢆᑟࡃࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗 ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡢྵពࡀ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡎࠊヰࡋᡭࡢពᅗ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ ⾜ືࢆྲྀࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡣከ࠸ࠋ⫈ゎ⬟ຊ࡜ࡣࠊ㡢ኌ࠿ࡽㄯヰෆᐜࡢᴫᛕᵓ⠏࡜࠸ ࠺సᴗ࡟ຍ࠼ࠊ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡢពᅗ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⌮ゎ࡜࠸࠺㠃ࡶྵࡵྜࢃࡏ࡚⫈ࡁࡢ⌮ゎ࡜ ࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ 3.2.2.2 㡯┠ᘚูຊᣦᩘ㸦DISC㸧㡯┠ᘚูຊᣦᩘ࡜ࡣࠊゝㄒ⬟ຊࡀ㧗࠸ཷ㦂⪅࡜ప࠸ཷ㦂⪅ࢆ㆑ูࡍࡿࡢ࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀ ࡿᣦᶆ࡛࠶ࡿࠋୖ㏙ࡢᣦᶆࡢ㡯┠㞴᫆ᗘࡔࡅ࡛ホ౯ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋࡓሙྜ࡟⏕ࡌࡿၥ㢟ࡣࠊ ඲ཷ㦂⪅ࡀ 90%௨ୖࡢṇ⟅⋡ࡔࡗࡓࡾࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣ 10%௨ୗ࡞࡝ࠊ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡀㄗ⟅࡛࠶ ࡗࡓࡾࡋࡓሙྜ࡟ࠊఱࢆࡶࡗ࡚Ⰻ࠸㸦ࡲࡓࡣⰋࡃ࡞࠸㸧㡯┠࡜ࡍࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ุ᩿ࡀ 㞴ࡋࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࢸࢫࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ⌮ㄽ࡛ࡣࠊ⬟ຊࡈ࡜ࡢṇ⟅⋡ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ィ ⟬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡢṇ⟅ࡢ㑅ᢥഴྥࡀ⬟ຊ࡟ࡳ࠶ࡗࡓ㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢆ㡯 ┠ホ౯ࡢᣦᶆ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊୖ఩⪅࡞ࡽࡤ㐺ษ࡟⟅࠼ࡀ㑅ᢥ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟࡜ ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿㸦ୗ఩⪅ࡢሙྜࡣ㐺ษ࡟㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࢆุ ᩿ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᇶ‽࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᣦᶆࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊୖ఩⪅ࡶୗ఩⪅ࡶྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ṇ⟅ࡀ 㑅ᢥ࡛ࡁࡓࡶࡢࡣࠊ࠶ࡲࡾᘚูຊࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞࠸㸦᫆ࡋࡍࡂࡿࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣ㞴ࡋࡍࡂࡿ㸧ၥ 㢟ࡔ࡜࠸࠼ࠊಟṇࢆせࡍࡿ㡯┠࡜ࡳ࡞ࡍࠋ㡯┠ᘚูຊࡣࠊ㡯┠ᘚูຊ㸻ୖ఩ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ ࡢ⥲ཷ㦂⪅ᩘ࡟ᑐࡍࡿṇ⟅⪅ᩘࡢ๭ྜ㸫ୗ఩ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ⥲ཷ㦂⪅ᩘ࡟ᑐࡍࡿṇ⟅⪅ᩘ

(13)

ࡢ๭ྜࡢᘧ࡛ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ㡯┠ᘚูຊࡢ㐺ษᗘࡣࠊ㏻౛ࠊ0.40 ௨ୖࡀ᭱Ⰻ㡯┠ࠊ0.30-0.39 ࡀⰋዲ㡯┠ࠊ0.20-0.29 ࡀணഛ㡯┠࡛ᨵゞࡢせ࠶ࡾࠊ0.19 ௨ୗࡀ୙Ⰻ㡯┠࡛㝖እࡶࡋࡃ ࡣᨵゞࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦኱཭, 1996㸧ࠋ ᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺ࡛ࡣࠊ඲య㸦N=290㸧ࡢ㡯┠ᘚูຊᣦᩘ࡟࠾࠸࡚࡯ࡰ඲࡚ࡢ㡯┠ࡀ 0.30 ௨ୖࡢ್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᘚูຊࡢ㧗࠸㡯┠࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ၏୍ࠕ᥎ ㄽᛂຊࠖ࢝ࢸࢦࣜࡢࠕ఍♫ࡢᘓ࡚┤ࡋࠖࡀ 0.278 ࡜ࡸࡸప࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ㡑ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ ࡢ್ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊ0.502 ࡜ࡁࢃࡵ࡚㧗࠸㆑ูຊࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ୰ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࡟࠾ࡅ ࡿ್࡟ᘬࡁࡎࡽࢀࡓࡶࡢࡔ࡜᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡿࠋ ౛㸴 ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊ㸦఍ヰ㸧఍♫ࡢᘓ࡚┤ࡋ ⏨ࡢே࡜ዪࡢேࡀヰࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋዪࡢேࡣ࡝ࢇ࡞ពぢࢆ୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ ⏨㸸௒ࡢ఍♫ࡢ⤒Ⴀ≧ἣࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾཝࡋ࠸࡛ࡍࠋ㉥Ꮠ⥆ࡁ࡛ࡇࡢࡲࡲࡌࡷ₽ࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ዪ㸸☜࠿࡟ࡇࡢࡲࡲࡔ࡜ࠊࡑ࠺࡞ࡿ࡟㐪࠸࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㏫࡟⪃࠼ࢀࡤࠊ௒ࡢ≧ἣࠊᡃࠎ࡟࡜ࡗ ࡚ࡣࠊࡕࡻ࠺࡝ᨵ㠉ࡢࡓࡵࡢ࠸࠸ࢳࣕࣥࢫࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡏࢇ࠿㸽 ⏨㸸࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠋ ዪ㸸⌧ᅾࡢ㉥Ꮠࢆゎᾘࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡔࡅࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊᡃࠎࡣ᫬௦ࡢὶࢀ࡟ྲྀࡾṧࡉࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ♫ ဨࢆ඲యⓗ࡟ῶࡽࡏࡤ㈝⏝ࡀୗࡀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ஦ᐇ࡛ࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊඃࢀࡓ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊᑗ᮶ ࡇࡢ఍♫ࡣ⏕ࡁṧࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋ ⏨㸸ࡘࡲࡾࠊ࡝ࡇࢆῶࡽࡋ࡚࡝ࡇࢆṧࡍ࠿ࠊఱࡀᡃࠎ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚኱஦࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡼࡃ⪃࠼࡚Ỵࡵ࡞ࡅ ࢀࡤ࡞ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡡࠋ ㉁ၥ㸸ዪࡢேࡣ࡝ࢇ࡞ពぢࢆ୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ ձ⤒Ⴀᨵ㠉ࢆᐇ⾜ࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ղ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡢ♫ဨࡣῶࡽࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ճ㉥Ꮠࢆࡍࡄ࡟ῶࡽࡍ࡭ࡁࡔࠋ մ♫ဨ඲యࡢᩘࢆῶࡽࡍ࡭ࡁࡔࠋ ࡇࡢၥ㢟㸦౛㸴㸧ࡣࠊࣅࢪࢿࢫሙ㠃࡛ࡢ఍㆟ࡢㄯヰࡔࡀࠊ≉࡟ヰࡋᡭࡢྵពࢆ㐺ษ ࡟⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿሙ㠃࡛࠶ࡾࠊᐇ㝿ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥሙ㠃࡛ࡣࡈࡃ㏻ ᖖ࡟ᒎ㛤ࡉࢀࡿㄯヰࡢὶࢀ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୰ᅜㄒ࡛ࡣࠊࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜୺ᙇࢆ㏙࡭ࡿ♫఍ᩥ໬ᛶ ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡋ࡞࠸⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞፣᭤ⓗ࡞୺ᙇࡢ㏙ ࡭᪉࡟័ࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊヰࡋᡭࡢྵពࡢ᥎ㄽࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦ࡢ ືᶵࡸ┠ⓗࡀࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡛ࡢ౑⏝࡜࠸࠺Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡀከ࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡶࠊ௒ᚋࡢ⫈ゎᩍ⫱ࡢ᪉ ྥᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓሙ㠃࡛ࡢヰࡋᡭࡢពᅗࡸྵពࡢ㐺ษ࡞⌮ゎࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᩍ⫱ カ⦎ࡢᚲせᛶࢆឤࡌࡿ㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 3.2.2.3 ᐇ㉁㑅ᢥ⫥ᣦᩘ㸦AENO㸧 ᐇ㉁㑅ᢥ⫥ᣦᩘ࡜ࡣࠊྛ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡀ࡝ࢀࡃࡽ࠸㑅ࡤࢀࡓ࠿ࢆ♧ࡍᣦᶆ࡛ࠊゝ࠸᥮࠼ࡿ ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ࡝ࢀࡔࡅ㨩ຊⓗ࡞㑅ᢥ⫥ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⾲ࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㡯┠㞴᫆ ᗘࡸ㡯┠ᘚูຊᣦᩘࡢࡳ࡛ࠊ㡯┠ࡢホ౯ࢆุ᩿ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ࠊ㘒஘⫥ࡀ㘒஘⫥ ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᶵ⬟ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸࡞ࡅࢀࡤᚲ↛ⓗ࡟ṇ⟅ࡀ⤠ࡽࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡓࡵࠊᮏ᮶ࡢᐇຊ ࡜ࡣู࡟ࠊ᪉␎࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ṇ⟅⋡ࡀୖࡀࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ᜍࢀࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࡑࡢၥ㢟ࡢ㡯 ┠㞴᫆ᗘࡸ㡯┠ᘚูຊࡢᣦᶆࡔࡅ࡛㡯┠ࡢ㐺ษࡉࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡀ

(14)

㐺ษ࡟సᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼࡶ⪃៖ࡋࡓୖ࡛ࠊࡑࡢ㡯┠ࡢุᐃࢆ⾜࠺ᚲせࡀฟ࡚ ࡃࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᐇ㉁㑅ᢥ⫥ᣦᩘࡣࠊ᝟ሗࡢ୙☜࠿ࡉࢆ⾲ࡍ࢚ࣥࢺࣟࣆ࣮㸦entropy㸧ࡢ ᘧ H=―∑pjlog2pjࢆ⏝࠸࡚⟬ฟࡉࢀࡿࠋ௬࡟㸲ࡘࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ j1ࠊj2ࠊj3ࠊj4 ࡀ 10 ྡࡢཷ㦂

⪅࡟㑅ࡤࢀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㑅ᢥ⋡ࡀ0.00ࠊ0.20ࠊ0.40ࠊ0.40 ࡔࡗࡓሙྜࠊࡑࡢ࢚ࣥࢺࣟࣆ࣮ ࡣࠊH=㸫(0.00+0.20*log₂0.20+0.40*log₂0.40+0.40*log₂0.40)=1.522࡜࡞ࡿࠋᐇ㉁㑅ᢥ⫥ᩘ ࡣࠊᐇ㉁㑅ᢥ⫥ᩘ=2^H ࡛ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡢ㡯┠ࡢᐇ㉁㑅ᢥ⫥ᩘࡣ 2^1.522=2.872 ࡜ࠊゎ⟅ࡀ࡯ࡰ㸱ࡘ࡟ࡤࡽࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࠊ㘒஘⫥ࡀᶵ⬟ࢆࡁࡕࢇ࡜ᯝࡓࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡓၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿ㸦኱཭, 1996㸧ࠋ ᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺ࡛ࡣࠊ඲య࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣẚ㍑ⓗᆒ➼࡟ゎ⟅ࡀࡤࡽࡘ࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㘒஘⫥ࡀࡁ ࡕࢇ࡜ᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᴫࡡ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡣ㐺ษ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡼ࠺ࠋ ࡓࡔࡋࠊ୍ࡘࡔࡅࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖ࢝ࢸࢦࣜࡢࠕ㐠ື఍ࡢᘏᮇࠖࡀ 1.990 ࡜ࠊᐇ㉁ⓗ࡞ 㑅ᢥ⫥ࡀ㸰ࡘࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢၥ㢟ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥࡟ࡣᨵゞࢆຍ࠼ࢀࡤࠊࡼࡾ඲యࡢಙ㢗 ᛶࡶ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ ౛㸵㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎ㸦⊂ヰ㸧࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡢᥦฟ ඛ⏕ࡀヰࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛ᥦฟࡋࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ ඛ⏕㸸࠼࣮࡛ࡣࠊᏛᮇᮎࡢ࣏࣮ࣞࢺ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛ࡍࡀ࣮ࠊᑡᏊ໬ࡢ♫఍ⓗᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚ࠊ⮬ศࡢ ពぢࢆ㏙࡭࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋ࠼࣮ࠊA4 ࡛ 3 ᯛ௨ෆࠊࡑࢀ௨ୖࡣㄆࡵࡲࡏࢇࠋ࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡣࣃࢯࢥ࡛ࣥస ᡂࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋᡭ᭩ࡁ࡛グ㏙ࡍࡿேࡣࡵࡗࡓ࡟࠸࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࡀࠊᛕࡢࡓࡵゝࡗ࡚࠾ࡁࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ࣮ࠊᥦฟ᪉ἲ࡛ࡍࡀ࣮ࠊ⚾ࡢ◊✲ᐊࡢ๓࡟ᥦฟ⏝ࡢ࣎ࢵࢡࢫࢆ⏝ពࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ ࡑࡇ࡟ධࢀ࡚࠾࠸࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋ⥾ࡵษࡾࡣࠊ7 ᭶ 20 ᪥ࡢ༗ᚋ 4 ᫬ࡲ࡛࡜ࡋࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࢆ㐣ࡂࡓࡽࠊ ࠸࠿࡞ࡿ⌮⏤࡛ࡶཷࡅ௜ࡅࡲࡏࢇࠋὀពࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋ ㉁ၥ㸸࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛ᥦฟࡋࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ ձᡭ᭩ࡁ࡛㸱ᯛࡲ࡛᭩࠸࡚ࠊ◊✲ᐊࡲ࡛Ώࡋ࡟⾜ࡃࠋ ղࣃࢯࢥ࡛ࣥ㸱ᯛ௨ୖ᭩࠸࡚ࠊ◊✲ᐊࡲ࡛Ώࡋ࡟⾜ࡃࠋ ճࣃࢯࢥ࡛ࣥ㸱ᯛࡲ࡛᭩࠸࡚ࠊ◊✲ᐊࡢ๓࡟࠶ࡿ⟽࡟ධࢀࡿࠋ մᡭ᭩ࡁ࡛㸱ᯛ௨ୖ᭩࠸࡚ࠊ◊✲ᐊࡢ๓࡟࠶ࡿ⟽࡟ධࢀࡿࠋ ẕㄒู࡟ࡇࡢᐇ㉁㑅ᢥ⫥ᣦᩘࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊ୰ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣ඲㡯┠࡟࠾࠸࡚ゎ⟅ ࡀᆒ➼࡟ศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ㡑ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖࡢ 10 㡯┠ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ㸴㡯┠ࡀ 2.0 ௨ୗ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㨩ຊⓗ࡞㑅ᢥ⫥ࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ ࡿࠋࡇࡢ㸴㡯┠ࡣࠊ㡯┠ᅔ㞴ᗘࡢ್ࡶ㧗ࡃࠊࡇࡢ⩌ࡢᏛ⩦⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ၥ㢟ࡀ⡆༢࡛࠶ ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡟ࠊゎ⟅ࡶ⤠ࡽࢀࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊ౛㸵ࠕ࣏࣮ࣞࢺ ࡢᥦฟࠖࡢၥ㢟ࡣࠊᩍᖌࡢㄯヰ୰࡟࣏࣮ࣞࢺ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿ᝟ሗࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᩘᏐࡀฟ࡚ ࡃࡿࡓࡵࠊ୙せ࡞᝟ሗࢆ㐺ษ࡟ྲྀᤞ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺⬟ຊࢆ ᐃࡋࡓၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㔜せ࡞᝟ሗ࡛࠶ࡿᥦฟ᪉ἲࡀࠕᡭ᭩ࡁ࠿ࠊࣃࢯࢥࣥ࠿ࠖࠊࠕ┤᥋Ώࡍ࠿ࠊ⟽ ࡟ධࢀࡿ࠿ࠖ࡜࠸࠺㸰×㸰ࡢၥ㢟ᵓᡂ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ㔜せ࡞᝟ሗ㒊ศࡀၥ㢟ᩥ࡛࠾࠾ ࡼࡑᥦ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵೃ⿵ࡀ⤠ࡽࢀࠊ㑅ᢥഴྥࡀᏳᐃࡋࡓ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ୰ᅜ ㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢᐇ㉁㑅ᢥ⫥ᣦᩘࡀ 2.376 ࡜㸰㹼㸱ࡘ࡟㑅ᢥ⫥ࡀࡤࡽࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ

(15)

࠿ࡿࠋゎ⟅ࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁ࠿ࡽࠊᯛᩘไ㝈࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㒊ศࠕ㸱ᯛ௨ෆࠊࡑࢀ௨ୖࡣ…ࠖࢆࠊ ࠕ㸱ᯛࡲ࡛࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃࠕ㸱ᯛ௨ୖࠖ࡜ཷࡅྲྀࡗࡓࡾࠊᥦฟ᪉ἲࡢࠕ⚾ࡢ◊✲ᐊࡢ๓࡟ ᥦฟ⏝ࡢ࣎ࢵࢡࢫࢆ…ࠖࢆࠕ࣎ࢵࢡࢫ㸦⟽㸧࡟ධࢀࡿࠖࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠕΏࡋ࡟⾜ࡃࠖ࡜ ⪺ࡁㄗࡗࡓࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡞࡝ࠊ⣽࠿࠸㒊ศࢆ㐺ษ࡟ᢕᥱࡏࡎ࡟ࠊ኱㞧ᢕ࡟⪺࠸࡚࠸ࡿഴ ྥ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀぢ࡚ྲྀࢀࡓࠋ 3.3 ୰ᅜㄒ࠾ࡼࡧ㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢẚ㍑ ୰ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡜ẚ࡭ࡿ࡜ࠊ㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ ࡯࠺ࡀࠊᚓⅬᖹᆒࡸಙ㢗ᗘಀᩘࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋᚋ⪅ࡣࠊㄪᰝேᩘࡀ 41 ྡ࡜ᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡟ ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊa㸻0.844 ࡜࠸࠺㠀ᖖ࡟㧗࠸ಙ㢗ᛶࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊẕㄒู࡟㡯┠ศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࡳࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖࡣࠊ㡑ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࡟࡜ ࡗ࡚ࡣ⌮ゎࡀᐜ᫆࡞ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࢱ࢖ࣉ࡛࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ㸱ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦࣜࡢ୰࡛ࠊ ୧⩌࡜ࡶ࡟ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶᅔ㞴ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃࠊ⌮ゎࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࢱ࢖ࣉ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊࠕ᥎ ㄽ⬟ຊࠖࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ࢝ࢸࢦ࡛ࣜ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊヰࡋᡭࡢពᅗࡀ㠀᫂♧ⓗ࡛ࠊᩥ㛫࠿ࡽ ྵពࢆㄞࡳྲྀࡿ⬟ຊࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡢゝㄒ▱㆑ࡢ࡯࠿ࠊ♫఍ ゝㄒᏛⓗ࡞▱㆑ࡸㄒ⏝ㄽⓗ⬟ຊࡶᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࢆእᅜㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮫࡪ⪅࡟ඹ ㏻ࡍࡿ㞴ࡋࡉࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࡛ࣜࡣࠊ㡑ᅜㄒẕ ㄒヰ⪅ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࡸࡸᅔ㞴ᗘࡀపࡃࠊ඲యⓗ࡟㧗࠸ᚓⅬ࡟ศᕸࡀ೫ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋࠊ ୰ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡣࠊ࡯ࡰ୰ኸ࡟ศᕸࡀ㞟ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋㄯヰ୰ࡢ㔜せ ࡞᝟ሗࢆ୍ᐃࡢ᫬㛫グ᠈ࡋࡘࡘࠊㄯヰࡢึࡵ୍࡛ᗘᙧᡂࡋࡓᴫᛕࢆࠊㄯヰࡢὶࢀ࠿ࡽ ෌ᗘ⤌ࡳ❧࡚┤ࡋ࡚ࠊ㐺ษ࡞᝟ሗࢆྲྀᤞ㑅ᢥࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࢱ࢖ࣉࡢࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡣࠊ୰ᅜㄒ ẕㄒヰ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ࡟ḟ࠸࡛ᅔ㞴ᗘࡀ㧗࠸࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ୰ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢሙྜࡣࠊ⫈ゎ⬟ຊࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ ࡜ࡁࠊ≉࡟ࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ࡜ࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖࡢᵓᡂ࢝ࢸࢦ࡛ࣜ㧗࠸ᚓⅬࡀྲྀࢀࡿ࠿࡝ ࠺࠿ࡀᘚูࡢ୍ࡘࡢุ᩿ᮦᩱ࡜࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 4. ࠾ࢃࡾ࡟ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊKintsch㸦1998㸧ࡢᵓ⠏-⤫ྜࣔࢹࣝࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺゝㄒᏛ࡟ࡼࡿ୍㈏ᛶࡢほ Ⅼࠊᵓ⠏-⤫ྜࣔࢹࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࣮࣋ࢫࡢ෌⤫ྜࠊ࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢ࣓ࣔࣜࡢほⅬࢆᑟ ධࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ㞟✚ⓗ⌮ゎࠖࠊࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖࠊࠕ෌ᵓ㐀໬⬟ຊࠖࡢ㸱ࡘࡢᵓᡂᴫᛕࢆタᐃࡋ ࡓ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺࢆ୰ᅜㄒ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㡑ᅜㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆಙ㢗ᛶࡢ᳨ᐃ࠾ࡼࡧ㡯┠ศᯒ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ホ౯ࢆ ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺࡣ㸱ࡘࡢഃ㠃࠿ࡽᴫࡡ㐺ษ࡟᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ⫈ゎ⬟ຊ ࢆ ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊẕㄒูࡢศᯒ࠿ࡽࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟⌮ゎᗘ࡟㐪 ࠸ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࢱ࢖ࣉࡢഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ௒ᚋఱ

(16)

࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡌࡓࡢ࠿せᅉࢆៅ㔜࡟᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿせᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ ➨㸯࡟ࠊᏛ⩦⎔ቃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௒ᅇࡢㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡣࠊ㡑ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ➨㸰ゝㄒ⎔ቃୗ࡛ࠊ ୰ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀእᅜㄒ⎔ቃࡢୗ࡛ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ➨㸰ゝㄒ⎔ቃୗ࡛ࡣࠊ࢖ࣥ ࣉࢵࢺࡢ㔞ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ㢖⦾࡟᪥ᮏே࡜ࡢゝㄒᩥ໬ⓗ᥋ゐࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ♫఍ゝㄒⓗ࡞▱㆑ ࢆ㌟࡟௜ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࠕ᥎ㄽ⬟ຊࠖ࡟ࡣࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ▱㆑ࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀࡿၥ㢟ࡀ ࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ௒ᚋࡣᏛ⩦⎔ቃู࡟ẚ㍑᳨ウࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ➨㸰࡟ࠊㄪᰝ ᑐ㇟⪅ࡢ⥲యⓗ࡞᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௒ᅇࡣࠊᏛ⩦ᮇ㛫ࢆせᅉ࡟ྵࡵࡎᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺࡢ ⤖ᯝ࡟㝈ᐃࡋศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡀࠊᏛ⩦ẁ㝵࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᙜ↛⌮ゎᗘࡶ␗࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠋ➼㉁࡞⩌ ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᵓᡂᴫᛕูࡢ ᐃࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ≉ᚩࡀࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ꮫ⩦ẁ㝵࡟ ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⫈ࡁࡢ⌮ゎ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࢆヲ⣽࡟᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ௨㝆ࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ௒ᚋࡣࠊᮏ⫈ゎࢸࢫࢺࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࠊ➨㸰ゝㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⫈ゎ㐣⛬ࡸࠊࡑࡢ௚ࡢᢏ ⬟࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡉࡽ࡟᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ ㅰ㎡㸸ᒣཱྀ┴❧኱ᏛࡢᯘⅡ᝟ඛ⏕ࠊᮾள኱ᏛࡢᮤⰋጲඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊ㡑ᅜே᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ ࢹ࣮ࢱ཰㞟࡟㝿ࡋࠊከ኱࡞ࡈᑾຊࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡟ឤㅰࡢពࢆ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩

Kintsch, W. (1998). Comprehension: a paradigm for cognition. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Ochs, E. (1979). Transcription as theory. In E. Ochs and B. B. Schiefflin (Eds.), Developmental pragmatics, 43-72. New York: Academic Press.

኱཭㈼஧ (1996) ࠗ㡯┠ᛂ⟅⌮ㄽධ㛛࠘ ኱ಟ㤋᭩ᗑ ୰ᮧὒ୍ (2002) ࠗࢸࢫࢺ࡛ゝㄒ⬟ຊࡣ ࢀࡿ࠿㹼ゝㄒࢸࢫࢺࢹ࣮ࢱศᯒධ㛛࠘ ኱཭ ㈼஧┘ಟ ᱒ཎ᭩ᗑ ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥ㈨ᩱ㸸 ᩥ❶㞴᫆ᗘุᐃࢩࢫࢸ࣒ alpha ∧ http://jreadability.net/㸦2013 ᖺ㸷᭶㸯᪥࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧ࠊ ᮤᅾ㙞࣭㛗㇂㒊㝧୍㑻࣭ῦᑿ ோᙪࠕㄞゎᩍ⫱ᨭ᥼ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿᩥ❶㞴᫆ᗘุูࢩ ࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࠖ㸦ㄢ㢟␒ྕ㸸25370573㸧 ࣮ࣜࢹ࢕ࣥࢢࢳࣗ࢘ኴ http://language.tiu.ac.jp/㸦2013 ᖺ㸷᭶㸯᪥࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧 ౑⏝ศᯒࢯࣇࢺ㸸

2002 Test Data Analysis Program㸦TDAP㸧Ver. 2.0㹙Windows ∧㹛

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