1 7KH%XOOHWLQRI,QVWLWXWHRI7HFKQRORJLVWV1R ㄽ ᩥ Article
ࢩࣛࣥ⣔⾲㠃ྵᾐᮦࢩ࣭ࣛࣥࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⣔⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࡢ
⾲㠃ಖㆤຠᯝཬࡰࡍ㣴⏕ ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢᙳ㡪
ཎ✏ཷ ᖺ ᭶ ᪥ ࡶࡢࡘࡃࡾᏛ⣖せ ➨ ྕ 㹼㝆⩧
*1㸪ሯ⚽୕
*2㸪ඵᮌಟ
*3㸪Ⲩᕳ༟ぢ
*1 *1 ࡶࡢࡘࡃࡾᏛ Ꮫ㝔 ࡶࡢࡘࡃࡾᏛ◊✲⛉ ࡶࡢࡘࡃࡾᏛᑓᨷ *2 ࡶࡢࡘࡃࡾᏛ ᢏ⬟ᕤⱁᏛ㒊 ᘓタᏛ⛉ *3 ᰴᘧ♫ M&M ࢺ࣮ࣞࢹࣥࢢEffect of Curing Temperature and Curing Period on Surface Protection Ability of
Concrete Using Both Silane and Silane-Siloxane Layers
Sho FURIHATA*1, Shuzo OTSUKA*2, Osamu YAGI*3 and Takumi ARAMAKI*1
*1 Graduate School, Dept. of Technologists, Monotsukuri Institute of Technologists. *2 Dept. of Building Technologists, Monotsukuri Institute of Technologists.
*3 M&M Trading Inc.
Abstract Effect of three curing temperatures and two periods after coating of both silane and silane-siloxane layers on the surface protection abilities of concrete was investigated. Three temperatures were 5qC, 20qC and 60qC. One period was three days at 5qC, 20qC and 60qC, respectively, then eleven days at 20qC. Another was fourteen days at 5qC, 20qC and 60qC, respectively. The higher the temperature was, the deeper a penetrating depth and the lower ratios of water permeability and chloride-ion penetration were. On the other hand, a ratio of water absorption was little decreased when the curing temperature was increased. As for the curing period, there was only a little difference between the two in the measurement. This means that the difference within three days at the beginning of the curing conditions effectively influenced the surface protection abilities.
Key Words 6LODQH6LODQH6LOR[DQH3HQHWUDQW7HPSHUDWXUH&XULQJSHULRG
2 ࢩࣛࣥ⣔ྵᾐᮦࢩ࣭ࣛࣥࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⣔⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࡢሬᕸᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ 㣴⏕ ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ┦㐪ࡀ⾲㠃ಖㆤຠᯝཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪 ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪㛵ࡍࡿ▱ぢࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪 ᗘࡢኚࡼࡿᙳ㡪㸪ࡑࢀక࠺㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ┦ 㐪╔┠ࡋࡓᩥ⊩ࡣぢᙜࡓࡽࡎ㸪ࢩࣛࣥ⣔⾲㠃ྵ ᾐᮦ࠾ࡼࡧࢩ࣭ࣛࣥࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⣔⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦ㸦௨ ୗ㸪⥲⛠ࡋ࡚⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦࡍࡿ㸧ࡢ⾲㠃ಖㆤຠᯝ ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚᫂࡞Ⅼࡀṧࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ⌧ሙᕤ࡛ㄢ㢟࡞ ࡿ ᗘኚ㸪⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦሬᕸᚋࡢ㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ㐪 ࠸ࡀ㸪⾲㠃ಖㆤຠᯝཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ᐇ㦂 ⓗ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡋ࡚㸪JSCE-K571-20044)ᇶ࡙ࡃ ⾲㠃ಖㆤຠᯝࡢホ౯ຍ࠼㸪ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺ⾲㠃ࡢ ⨾ほᛶᐤࡍࡿගἑᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ⾲㠃Ⰽཬࡰࡍᙳ 㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶేࡏ࡚ホ౯ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋ
ࢩࣛࣥྜ≀ࡢᛂ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢ
ᗘ౫Ꮡᛶ
ࢩࣛࣥྜ≀ࡢᛂᶵᵓࢆFig.1㸪ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺ ࡢ⣽Ꮝෆ㒊࠾ࡅࡿᛂᶍᘧᅗࢆ Fig.2 ♧ࡍࠋ ࢩࣛࣥ⣔⾲㠃ྵᾐᮦࡣ㸪ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺ⾲㠃ሬᕸ ࡍࡿ㸪ẟ⣽⟶⌧㇟ࡼࡾ⣽Ꮝෆ㒊ᾐ㏱ࡍࡿࠋ ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺࡢ⣽Ꮝෆ㒊ࡣ㸪ᛂỈࡀᏑᅾࡋᙉ ࠸ࣝ࢝ࣜ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᾐ㏱ࡋࡓࢩࣛࣥྜ ≀ࡣ┤ࡕຍỈศゎࡋ㸪⣽Ꮝ⾲㠃ᅛᐃࡍࡿ (Fig.2 (1))ࠋࡉࡽ㸪ࡑࡢୖࢩࣛࣥྜ≀ྠኈࡢ ᛂࡀ⏕ࡌ✚ᒙࡍࡿ(Fig.2 (2))ࡇ࡛㸪ࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ ⤖ྜ(Si-O-Si)ࡢ⥙┠ᵓ㐀ࢆ⏕ᡂࡋྵᾐᒙࢆᙧᡂࡍ ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᛂ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸪 ᗘኚ 㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ㐪࠸ࡼࡿᛂỈ㔞㸪ᛂ㏿ᗘ࠾ ࡼࡧ⢓ᗘࡀཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪╔┠ࡋ㸪௨㝆ࡢ⪃ᐹࢆ㏙ ࡿࠋ ᛂỈ㔞 Ẽ୰ࡢỈẼ㔞ࡣ㸪 ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ┦ᑐ‵ᗘࡀୖ ᪼ࡍࡿ㸪ከࡃ࡞ࡿࡇࡣ࿘▱ࡢ㡯࡛࠶ࡾ㸪 ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺࡢ⾲ᒙ㒊࠾ࡅࡿỈศ㔞ࡶࡑࢀ㏣ ᚑࡍࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪ࢩࣛࣥ ྜ≀ࡢᛂᐤࡍࡿᛂỈ㔞ኚࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ ࡇ࡞ࡾ㸪ࢩࣛࣥ⣔⾲㠃ྵᾐᮦࡼࡿࢥࣥࢡࣜ ࣮ࢺࡢ⣽Ꮝෆ㒊࠾ࡅࡿ⤌⧊ᵓ㐀ࡢᙧᡂ≧ែᙳ 㡪ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪ᛂỈࡀከࡃ࡞ࡿ 㸪ᛂࡀ᪩࠸ẁ㝵࡛㐍⾜ࡋẚ㍑ⓗ⾲ᒙ㒊ྵᾐ ᒙࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡢᑐࡋ࡚㸪ᛂỈࡀᑡ࡞࠸㸪 ࢩࣛࣥྜ≀ࡢຍỈศゎࡣ༑ศ࡞ࡾ㸪ࢩࣟ࢟ ࢧࣥ⤖ྜࡢ✚ᒙࡀࡋ㞴ࡃ㸪⬤ᙅ࡞ྵᾐᒙࡀᙧᡂࡉ ࢀࡿࡶࡢ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ᛂ㏿ᗘ Ꮫᛂ㏿ᗘㄽࡢ᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞㡯┠ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸪 ᛂ㏿ᗘ ᗘࡢ㛵ಀࡣࣞࢽ࢘ࢫࡢἲ๎࡛⾲ࡉ ࢀ㸪୍⯡ⓗ ᗘࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿᛂ㏿ᗘࡣ㏿ࡃ࡞ ࡿ 5)ࠋࡇࡢἲ๎ࡣ⣲ᛂᑐࡋ࡚ᚲࡎ㏻⏝ࡍࡿࡇ ࡽ㸪ࢩࣛࣥ⣔⾲㠃ྵᾐᮦࡼࡿࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺ ࡢ⣽Ꮝෆ㒊࠾ࡅࡿ⤌⧊ᵓ㐀ࡢᙧᡂ≧ែᙳ㡪ࡍ ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪୍⯡ⓗࢩࣛࣥྜ≀ࡢ ᛂ㏿ᗘࡀ㏿࠸㸪ࢩࣛࣥྜ≀ྠኈࡢ⦰ྜ ᛂࡼࡿࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⤖ྜࡢ⥙┠ᵓ㐀ࡢ⏕ᡂࡀ㐍ࡳ㸪 ࡼࡾ⦓ᐦ࡞ྵᾐᒙࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿᑐࡋ࡚ᛂ㏿ᗘ ࡀ㐜࠸㸪ࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⤖ྜࡢ✚ᒙࡀࡋ㞴ࡃ⦓ᐦ ࡞ྵᾐᒙࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡃࡃ࡞ࡿࡶࡢ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ⢓ᗘ ୍⯡ⓗᾮయࡣ㸪 ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ⢓ᗘࡀపୗ ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࢩࣛࣥ⣔⾲㠃ྵᾐᮦ࠾࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝ࡞ ᗘ⢓ᗘࡢ㛵ಀࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࢩࣛࣥ⣔⾲㠃ྵ ᾐᮦࡣ㸪ከᏍ㉁ᮦᩱ࡛࠶ࡿࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺẟ⣽⟶ ⌧㇟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾐ㏱ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᾮయࡢ⢓ᗘኚక ࠺ὶືᛶࡢ┦㐪ࡀྵᾐ῝ࡉᙳ㡪ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ ࡿࠋFig.1 Reaction scheme of silane RO䠉Si䠉OR + H2O RO䠉Si䠉OH + ROH
R R
OR OR
RO䠉Si䠉OH + HO䠉Si䠉OR RO䠉Si䠉O䠉Si䠉OR + H2O
OR OR OR OR R R R R OH -䠉䠉 䠉䠉 䠉䠉 䠉䠉 䠉䠉 䠉䠉 R : Alkyl group OR : Alkoxy group (1) (2)
Fig.2 Image of silane condensation reaction on Pore surface in concrete
䠉 䠉 O䠉Si䠉R OH OH 䠉 䠉 O䠉Si䠉R OH OR 䠉 䠉 HO䠉Si䠉R OH OR Si Si Si ʊʊ O ʊʊ O Ϭ O䠉Si䠉R O䠉Si䠉R O䠉Si䠉R ʊʊ O ʊʊ O Si䠉R ʊʊ O OH䠉 Si䠉R 䠉Si䠉R OH O O O Si䠉R 䠉Si䠉R OH O O 䠉OR OH䠉 Si Si Si ʊʊ O ʊʊ O OH䠉 O䠉Si䠉R O䠉Si䠉R 䠉 O䠉Si䠉R OH ʊʊ O ʊʊ O Si Si Si ʊʊ O ʊʊ O Ϭ
(2) Forming surface protection layer of siloxane bond by condensation reaction (1) Fixing on the pore surface by silane hydrolysis
Pore surface of concrete
3 7KH%XOOHWLQRI,QVWLWXWHRI7HFKQRORJLVWV1R
ᐇ㦂ࡢᴫせ
ᐇ㦂ࡢせᅉỈ‽ ᐇ㦂ࡢせᅉỈ‽ࢆ Table 1 ♧ࡍࠋᮏᐇ㦂࡛ ⏝࠸ࡿ⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦࡣ㸪ࢩࣛࣥ⣔⾲㠃ྵᾐᮦࡢࡳ㸦౪ ヨయ D㸧ࡀ 1 ✀㢮㸪ࢩࣛࣥ⣔⾲㠃ྵᾐᮦࢩ࣭ࣛࣥ ࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⣔⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࢆሬᕸࡋࡓే⏝ᆺ㸦౪ヨ య H㸧ࡀ 1 ✀㢮㸪ẚ㍑⏝ࡋ࡚ᕷ㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢩ ࣛࣥ⣔⾲㠃ྵᾐᮦ㸦౪ヨయ J㸧↓ሬᕸࡢィ 4 Ỉ ‽ࡋࡓࠋࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺࡢ ‵ᗘ⎔ቃࡣ㸪 ᗘࡀ 5㸪20 ࠾ࡼࡧ 60Υࡢ 3 Ỉ‽࡛㸪┦ᑐ‵ᗘࢆ 60%ࡢ ୍ᐃࡋࡓࠋỈࢭ࣓ࣥࢺẚࡣ 30㸪50 ࠾ࡼࡧ 60% ࡢ3 Ỉ‽ࡋࡓࠋ㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡣ㸪⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦሬᕸ๓ 3 ᪥㛫ࢆ๓㏙ࡢᡤᐃࡢ ‵ᗘ⎔ቃ࡚㣴⏕ࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓᚋ㸪⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦࢆሬᕸࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪ᡤᐃࡢ ‵ᗘ⎔ቃୗ࡚14 ᪥㛫ࡢ㣴⏕ࢆ⾜࠺ࡶࡢ㸪3 ᪥ 㛫ࡢ㣴⏕ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᚋ㸪ᜏ ᜏ‵ᐊෆ㸦 ᗘ20s2Υ㸪 ┦ᑐ‵ᗘ 60s5%㸧࡚ 11 ᪥㛫㸦ィ 14 ᪥㛫㸧ࡢ 㣴⏕ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢィ2 Ỉ‽ࡋࡓࠋ ౪ヨయࡢᴫせ ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺࡢ⏝ᮦᩱࢆTable 2㸪ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜ ࢺࡢㄪྜࢆ Table 3㸪⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦࡢ✀㢮ᛶ㉁ࢆ Table 4㸪౪ヨయస〇ᡭ㡰ࢆ Fig.3 ♧ࡍࠋ౪ヨయTable 7 Symbols in Figs
Curing Temperature Curing Period Sample D Sample H Sample J Untreated Temperature(Υ) 5 60 Sample D Sample H Sample J Untreated
Table 6 Viscosity measurement of penetrant D
Method (JIS Z 8803)
Rotary viscometer ( Type TVB-10M) Rotor㸸M1 Rotational speed㸸30rpm Measurement time㸸60s Result Temperature (Υ) 5 20 60 Viscosity (mPs࣭s) 6.5 6.0 5.0
Table 5 Testing items and standards
Testing item Testing standard Gloss Gloss meter(Type CM-508) Appearance evaluation Spectrophotometer ( Type GM-60)
Penetration depth
JSCE-K571-2004 Water permeability
Water absorption Chloride-ion penetration
Table 2 Materials used in concrete
Material Symbol Substance Specification Cement C Ordinary Portland cement Density:3.16g/cm
3
Specific surface area:3.280cm2
/g
Water W City water 㸫
Coarse
aggregate G Crushed stone
Air-dry density:2.70g/cm3
F.M.:6.64 Water-absorption rate:0.63% Fine
aggregate S Pit sand
Air-dry density:2.61g/cm3 F.M.:2.75 Water-absorption rate:2.30% Chemical admixture Ad High-range air-entraining and water-reducing admixture Polycarbonate Air-entraining and water-reducing admixture
Lignin sulfonate and oxycarbonate
Table 3 Mix proportion of concrete
W/C (%) (%) s/a Bulk volume of coarse aggregate per unit volume of concrete (m³/m³) Unit Content (kg/m³) Ad/C (%) Properties of Fresh W C S G (%) Air Slump (cm) 30 46 0.550 170 567 728 863 1.1 4.0 22.0 50 51 340 914 0.9 4.3 18.0 60 53 283 960 1.4 4.1 19.0
Table 1 Experimental factors and levels
Factor Material and level
Type of surface treatment
material
Penetrant Sample D㸸Silane Combined
type Sample H㸸Silane + Silane-Siloxane Control Sample J㸸Typical commercial penetrant
Untreated Surface temperature (Υ) 5, 20, 60
Relative humidity (%) 60
W/C(%) 30, 50, 60
Table 4 Characteristics of treatment materials
Material Type Concentration (%) Catalyst Characteristic Penetrant Silane 100 No Repellency: not so strong Reaction speed: fast
Surface coating material
Silane-
siloxane 18 Yes Generating a polymer on the surface by a catalyst Typical
commercial
penetrant* Silane 15 No ̿ *Deduced from its catalog and MSDS data sheet
Fig.3 Flow chart of specimen manufacturing
F res h co nc re te D em old in g C uttin g Ep ox y re si n cu ttin g P ret reat men t sp ec im en T 20㼼2Υ RH 80% or mote T 20㼼2Υ Cure in water RH 60㼼5%T 20㼼2Υ T 20㼼2Υ RH 60㼼5% 1 d 6 d 22 d 3 d P ret reat men t sp eci men S ur fa ce t reat men t M ate ri al c oa tin g S peci men T 5,20,60㼼2Υ RH 60㼼5% chamber T 5,20,60㼼2Υ RH 60㼼5% chamber T 20㼼2Υ RH 60㼼5% chamber 14 d 3 d 11 d 3 d
Temperature and humidity treating Pretreating of specimen
4 ࢩࣛࣥ⣔ྵᾐᮦࢩ࣭ࣛࣥࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⣔⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࡢሬᕸᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ 㣴⏕ ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ┦㐪ࡀ⾲㠃ಖㆤຠᯝཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪 ࡣ㸪Table 2 ࠾ࡼࡧ Table 3 ᇶ࡙ࡁ⦎ࡾΰࡐࡓࢥ ࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺࢆ⏝࠸㸪JSCE-K571-2004 ‽ࡌ࡚㸪ᜏ ᜏ‵ᐊෆ㸦 ᗘ20s2Υ㸪┦ᑐ‵ᗘ 60s5%㸧 ࠾࠸࡚ᇶᯈࢆస〇ࡋࡓࠋ⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦࢆሬᕸࡍࡿ㝿㸪 ྵᾐᮦࡢࡳࡢሙྜ (౪ヨయ D㸪J)࡛ࡣ㸪ྵᾐᮦࢆ ୍ᗘሬࡾࡋ㸪ྵᾐᮦ⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࢆే⏝ࡋࡓሙ ྜ(౪ヨయ H)࡛ࡣ㸪ඛ⾜ࡋ࡚ྵᾐᮦࢆሬᕸࡋ㸪⾲ 㠃ࡀ⇱ࡋࡓᚋ⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࢆሬᕸࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪 ሬᕸ㔞ࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ250g/m2ࡋࡓࠋ ヨ㦂㡯┠࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲ ヨ㦂㡯┠࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲࢆ Table 5 ♧ࡍࠋྵᾐ῝ ࡉヨ㦂㸪㏱Ỉ㔞ヨ㦂㸪྾Ỉ⋡ヨ㦂࠾ࡼࡧሷ≀ ࢜ࣥᾐ㏱ᑐࡍࡿᢠᛶヨ㦂ࡣ㸪JSCE-K571-2004 ‽ᣐࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺ⾲㠃 ࡢ⨾ほᛶᐤࡍࡿගἑᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ⾲㠃Ⰽࡘ࠸࡚ ࡶేࡏ᳨࡚ウࡋࡓࠋ ᐃ᪉ἲࡣ㸪⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦࡢሬ ᕸ㠃࠾ࡅࡿ୰ᚰ࠾ࡼࡧ୰ᚰࡽྛ25mm ࡢ 3 ⟠ ᡤࡢ⨨ࢆගἑᗘィ࠾ࡼࡧศග Ⰽィ࡚ ᐃࡋ㸪 3 ⟠ᡤࡢᖹᆒࢆホ౯್ࡋࡓࠋ⾲㠃Ⰽࡣ JIS Z 8729 ‽ᣐࡋ㸪L*a*b*⾲Ⰽ⣔ࡼࡿホ౯ࡋࡓࠋ
⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ
ࢩࣛࣥ⣔ྵᾐᮦࡢࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⤖ྜࡢ⥙┠ᵓ㐀ࡢ ⏕ᡂࡣ㸪๓㏙ࡢ࠾ࡾᛂỈ㔞㸪ᛂ㏿ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ ⢓ᗘࡀࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ࠺ ࡕ㸪ྵᾐᮦD ࡢ⢓ᗘ ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆ Table 6 ♧ࡍࠋ ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪 ᗘࡀపࡃ࡞ࡿ⛬ྵᾐᮦࡢ⢓ᗘࡀ㧗 ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ௨㝆♧ࡍ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪ྛ✀ ヨ㦂㡯┠࠾ࡅࡿ ᗘ౫Ꮡᛶ࠾ࡼࡧ㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ㛵 ಀࢆ♧ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢซࢆTable 7 ♧ࡍࠋࡇ ࡇ࡛㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢẚ㍑࡛ࡣ㸪 ᗘ5Υ 60Υ࡛⾜ ࡗࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪㏱Ỉẚ㸪྾Ỉẚ࠾ࡼࡧሷ≀࢜ࣥ ᾐ㏱῝ࡉẚࡣ㸪↓ሬᕸࡢ౪ヨయᑐࡍࡿ⾲㠃ฎ ⌮ᮦࡈࡢẚࢆ⾲ࡍࠋ ගἑᗘ ᗘගἑᗘࡢ㛵ಀࢆFig.4㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ගἑᗘ ࡢ㛵ಀࢆFig.5 ♧ࡍࠋගἑᗘࡣ㸪ྵᾐᮦࡢࡳ(౪ ヨయ D㸪J)࡛ࡣ㸪↓ሬᕸࡰྠ➼࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪 ⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࢆ⏝ࡋࡓే⏝ᆺ(౪ヨయ H)࡛ࡣ㸪ග ἑᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺ⾲㠃ࡀࢀⰍኚࡋ ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࡢゐ፹ࡢస⏝ࡼࡾ ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺࡢ⾲㠃ሬ⭷ࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓࡵᛮࢃࢀ ࡿࠋ ᗘࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪 ᗘࡀ㧗࠸㸪 ගἑᗘࡀࡁࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ୍᪉㸪㣴⏕ᮇ 㛫ࡢ┦㐪ࡀගἑᗘཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㣴⏕ 3 ᪥㛫ࡢ᪉ࡀගἑᗘࡀࡁࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋFig.5 Relationship between curing period 3d and 14d in gloss measurement 0 5 10 15 20 W/C=60% 0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20 W/C=30% 0 5 10 15 20 W/C=50% Gl os s ( % ) (C ur in g pe ri od 14d ) Gloss (%) (Curing period 3d)
Fig.6 Relationship between
temperature and color difference
0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 10 20 30 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 10 20 30 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 C ol or d iffe re nc e( ǻ E) (C ur ing pe ri od 14d) C ol or d iffe re nc e( ǻ E) (C ur ing pe ri od 3d) Temperature (Υ) Temperature (Υ) 0 10 20 30 W/C=50% 0 10 20 30 W/C=60% 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 W/C=30% C ol or d iffe re nc e( ǻ E) (C ur in g p er iod 14d) Color difference(ǻE) (Curing period 3d)
Fig.7 Relationship between curing period 3d and 14d in color difference measurement
0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 10 20 30 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 Gl os s ( % ) (C ur ing pe ri od 14d ) 0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 10 20 30 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 G lo ss ( % ) (C ur ing pe ri od 3d ) Temperature (Υ) Temperature (Υ)
Fig.4 Relationship between temperature and gloss
5 7KH%XOOHWLQRI,QVWLWXWHRI7HFKQRORJLVWV1R ⾲㠃Ⰽ ᗘⰍᕪࡢ㛵ಀࢆ Fig.6 㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫Ⰽᕪ ࡢ㛵ಀࢆFig.7 ♧ࡍࠋⰍᕪ(ǻE)ࡣ↓ሬᕸࡢᕪ࡛ ࠶ࡾ㸪(1)ᘧࡼࡾ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋ
2
2
2 * * * L D E (DE ' ' ' ' (1) ࡇࡇ㸪 ǻ(DE䠖/ D E ⾲Ⰽ⣔ࡼࡿⰍᕪ ǻ/ 䠖JIS Z 8729 つᐃࡍࡿ / D E ⾲Ⰽ⣔ ࠾ࡅࡿࡘࡢ≀యⰍࡢ᫂ᗘ / ࡢᕪ ǻD 䠖JIS Z 8729 つᐃࡍࡿ / D E ⾲Ⰽ⣔ ࠾ࡅࡿࡘࡢ≀యⰍࡢⰍᗙᶆD ࡢᕪ ǻE 䠖JIS Z 8729 つᐃࡍࡿ / D E ⾲Ⰽ⣔ ࠾ࡅࡿࡘࡢ≀యⰍࡢⰍᗙᶆE ࡢᕪ 㻌 Ⰽᕪࡣ㸪ྵᾐᮦࡢࡳ(౪ヨయ D㸪J)ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚㸪 ే⏝ᆺ(౪ヨయ H)ࡢ᪉ࡀࡁࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡣ๓㏙ࡋࡓࡼ࠺㸪⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࡀࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜ ࢺ⾲㠃ሬ⭷ࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓࡇ࡛㸪⾲㠃ࡀࢀⰍ ኚࡋࡓࡓࡵ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋⰍᕪࡢ ᗘࡼࡿᙳ 㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ే⏝ᆺ(౪ヨయ H)࡛ࡣ ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ ࡞ࡿⰍᕪࡀపୗࡍࡿഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡀ㸪ྵᾐᮦ ࡢࡳ(౪ヨయ D㸪J)࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢᕪ␗ࡀࢇ↓ ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇࡽྵᾐᮦࡢࡳࡢሙྜ㸪 ᗘࡢኚ ࡀ⾲㠃Ⰽ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡶࡢᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ୍᪉㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ┦㐪ࡀⰍᕪཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡘ ࠸࡚㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ㐪࠸ࡼࡿᕪ␗ࡣࢇ☜ㄆ ࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇࡽ㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡼࡿⰍ ᕪࡢᙳ㡪ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡶࡢᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ྵᾐ῝ࡉ ᗘྵᾐ῝ࡉࡢ㛵ಀࢆFig.8㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ྵᾐ ῝ࡉࡢ㛵ಀࢆ Fig.9 ♧ࡍࠋྵᾐ῝ࡉࡣ㸪 ᗘࡀ ప࠸ὸࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪 ᗘࡀ ప࠸⛬ྵᾐᮦࡢ⢓ᗘࡀୖࡀࡾ㸪ὶືᛶࡀపࡃ࡞ࡿ ࡇ࡛ྵᾐࡋ㞴ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡶࡢᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇ ࡼࡾ㸪ప ⎔ቃୗ࡛ࡣ༑ศ࡞῝ࡉࡲ࡛ྵᾐࡋ࡞ ࠸ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫 ࡢ┦㐪ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㣴⏕14 ᪥㛫ࡢ᪉ࡀ ⱝᖸ῝ࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡀ㸪ࡑࡢᕪ␗ࡣᑠࡉ ࡗࡓࡇࡽ㸪ྵᾐ῝ࡉ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡶ ࡢᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪ྵᾐ῝ࡉࡣ⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦࡢ ሬᕸᚋ㸪3 ᪥௨ෆ࠾ࡅࡿ㣴⏕ ᗘࡼࡾࡁࡃ ᙳ㡪ࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪ሬᕸᚋ ࡢึᮇẁ㝵࠾ࡅࡿ⎔ቃ᮲௳ࡀᡤ⏝ࡢᛶ⬟Ⓨ ࡣ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆពࡍࡿࠋ ㏱Ỉẚ ᗘ㏱Ỉẚࡢ㛵ಀࢆ Fig.10㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫㏱Ỉ ẚࡢ㛵ಀࢆFig.11 ♧ࡍࠋ㏱Ỉẚࡣ㸪 ᗘࡀ 5Υ ࡢሙྜ࡛ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪 ᗘ ࡀప࠸ࡓࡵ⣽Ꮝෆ㒊࡛ࡢᛂࡀ༑ศ࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑ ࡢ⤖ᯝࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⤖ྜࡢ⥙┠ᵓ㐀ࡀ༑ศ⏕ᡂࡋ 0 1 2 3 W/C=50% 0 1 2 3 W/C=60% 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 W/C=30% P ene tr at ing de pt h ( m m ) (C ur ing pe ri od 14d) Penetrating depth (mm) (Curing period 3d)
Fig.9 Relationship between curing period 3d and 14d in penetrating depth measurement
0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 10 20 30 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 10 20 30 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 R at io of w ate r pe rm ea bi li ty( % ) (C ur ing p er iod 1 4d) R at io of w ate r pe rm ea bi li ty ( % ) (C ur in g pe ri od 3d) Temperature (Υ) Temperature (Υ) Fig.10 Relationship between the
temperature and ratio water permeability
0 10 20 30 W/C=50% 0 10 20 30 W/C=60% 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 W/C=30% R at io of w ate r pe rm ea bil it y ( % ) (C ur ing pe ri od 14 d)
Ratio of water permeability(%) (Curing period 3d)
Fig.11 Relationship between curing period 3d and 14d in ratio of water permeability measurement
0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 1 2 3 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 1 2 3 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 P ene tr at in g de pth ( m m) (C ur ing pe ri od 14d) P ene tr at in g d epth (m m) (C ur ing pe ri od 3d) Temperature (Υ) Temperature (Υ) Fig.8 Relationship between
temperature and penetrating depth
6 ࢩࣛࣥ⣔ྵᾐᮦࢩ࣭ࣛࣥࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⣔⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࡢሬᕸᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ 㣴⏕ ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ┦㐪ࡀ⾲㠃ಖㆤຠᯝཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪 ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ୍᪉㸪 ᗘࡀ20Υ௨ୖ ࡛ࡣ㸪㏱Ỉẚࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪 ྵᾐᮦࡢᛂࡀ༑ศ㐍⾜ࡋ㸪⥙┠ᵓ㐀ࡀࡼࡾ⦓ ᐦ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ే⏝ᆺ(౪ヨయ H)࡛ࡣ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡢ ᗘ࡛ࡶྵᾐ ᮦࡢࡳ(౪ヨయ D㸪J)ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚㏱Ỉẚࡀపୗࡍࡿ ഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࡢ㒊ศ࠾ࡼࡧ ྵᾐᒙࡢ᪉ࡼࡾỈࡢᾐ㏱ࢆపῶࡋࡓࡓࡵᛮ ࢃࢀ㸪≉ྵᾐᮦࡢࡳ࡛ࡣ㸪 ᗘࡀ 5Υࡢሙྜ㏱ Ỉẚࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡀ㸪⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࢆే⏝ࡍࡿࡇ ࡼࡾ㸪20Υ࠾ࡼࡧ 60Υࢇᕪ␗ࡀ↓ࡃ㸪 ⾲㠃ಖㆤຠᯝࡢᨵၿࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇࡽ㸪 ప ⎔ቃୗ࡛ࡢᕤࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡶ㸪ే⏝ᆺࡍ ࡿࡇࡼࡾ㏻ᖖࡢ ᗘ⎔ቃ࡛ࡢᕤ㐯Ⰽ࡞࠸ ⪏Ỉᛶࡀ⥔ᣢ࡛ࡁ㸪ሬᕸ࠾ࡅࡿ ᗘ౫Ꮡᛶࢆ ᨵၿ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ୍᪉㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ┦㐪ࡀ㏱Ỉẚཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪 ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ࡑࡢᕪ␗ࡣࢇ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ㏱Ỉẚࡢ ᐃ࡛ࡣ㸪Ỉ㢌 250mm ࡢỈᅽࡀࡿ ࡓࡵ㸪ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺෆ㒊ࡢࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⤖ྜࡢ⥙┠ ᵓ㐀ࡢᙧែࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡋ ࡋ㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ┦㐪ࡼࡿ㏱Ỉẚࡢᕪ␗ࡀᑡ࡞ ࠸ࡇࡽ㸪⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦࡢሬᕸᚋ㸪3 ᪥௨ෆ࡛ࡢ 㣴⏕ ᗘࡢ┦㐪ࡀ㸪ࢩࣟ࢟ࢧࣥ⤖ྜࡢ⥙┠ᵓ㐀ࡢ ᙧᡂࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋࡓࡶࡢᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ྾Ỉẚ ᗘ྾Ỉẚࡢ㛵ಀࢆ Fig.12㸪㣴⏕ᮇ㛫྾Ỉ ẚࡢ㛵ಀࢆFig.13 ♧ࡍࠋ྾Ỉẚࡣ㸪㏱Ỉ㔞ྠ ᵝ ᗘࡀ㧗࠸྾Ỉẚࡀపୗࡍࡿணࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡓࡀ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡣࢇᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇ ࢀࡣ㸪ヨ㦂᪉ἲࡢ㐪࠸ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛㸪ືⓗ⪏Ỉᛶ ࡛࠶ࡿ㏱Ỉ㔞ヨ㦂࠾ࡼࡧ㸪㟼ⓗ⪏Ỉᛶ࡛࠶ࡿ྾Ỉ ⋡ヨ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪౪ヨయࡿỈᅽࡢ┦㐪ࡼࡾ㸪 ᪉ࡢ⪏Ỉᛶ⬟ᕪ␗ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࡶࡢᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ే⏝ᆺ(౪ヨయ H)ࡢሙྜ㸪ྵᾐᮦࡢࡳ(౪ヨయ D㸪 J)ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚㸪྾Ỉẚࡀపୗࡍࡿഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡣ㸪㏱Ỉ㔞ヨ㦂ྠᵝ㸪⾲㠃ሬᕸᮦࡢ㒊ศ ࠾ࡼࡧྵᾐᒙࡢ᪉ࡼࡾỈࡢᾐ㏱ࢆపῶࡋࡓࡓ ࡵᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ࡲࡓ㸪྾Ỉẚ࡛ࡣ㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ┦㐪ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡀ㸪 ࢇ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㣴⏕ᮇ㛫ࡢ┦㐪ࡼ ࡿ྾Ỉẚࡢᕪ␗ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡇࡽ㸪⾲㠃ฎ⌮ᮦࡢ ሬᕸᚋ㸪3 ᪥௨ෆ࡛ࡢ㣴⏕ ᗘࡢ┦㐪ࡀ㸪ࢩࣟ࢟ ࢧࣥ⤖ྜࡢ⥙┠ᵓ㐀ࡢᙧᡂࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡓ ࡶࡢᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ሷ≀࢜ࣥᾐ㏱ᑐࡍࡿᢠᛶ ᗘሷ≀࢜ࣥᾐ㏱῝ࡉẚࡢ㛵ಀࢆ Fig.14㸪 㣴 ⏕ ᮇ 㛫 ሷ ≀ ࢜ ࣥ ᾐ ㏱ ῝ ࡉ ẚ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ ࢆ 0 25 50 75 W/C=50% 0 25 50 75 W/C=60% 0 25 50 75 0 25 50 75 W/C=30% R at io o f w ate r ab so rp ti on ( % ) (C ur ing pe ri od 14 d)
Ratio of water absorption (%) (Curing period 3d)
Fig.13 Relationship between curing period 3d and 14d in ratio of water absorption measurement
0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 25 50 75 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 25 50 75 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 R at io of w ate r ab so rp ti on (% ) (C ur in g pe ri od 14 d) R ati o of w at er a bs or pti on ( % ) (C ur in g pe ri od 3d) Temperature (Υ) Temperature (Υ) Fig.12 Relationship between
temperature and ratio of water absorption
0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 25 50 75 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 0 60 W/C=50% 5 20 0 60 W/C=60% 5 20 0 25 50 75 0 60 W/C=30% 5 20 R at io of c hl or ide -ion pe ne tra tion (% ) (C ur in g p er iod 14d) R ati o of c hlo ride -ion pe ne tra tion ( % ) (C ur ing pe ri od 3d) Temperature (Υ) Temperature (Υ) Fig.14 Relationship between
temperature and ratio of chloride-ion penetration
0 25 50 75 W/C=50% 0 25 50 75 W/C=60% 0 25 50 75 0 25 50 75 W/C=30% R at io o f c hl or ide -ion pe ne tra tio n (% ) (C ur ing p er io d 14 d)
Ratio of chloride-ion penetration (%) (Curing period 3d)
Fig.15 Relationship between curing period 3d and 14d in ratio of chloride-ion penetration measurement
