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2018,Òîì 20,Âûïóñê3,Ñ. 2136

ÓÄÊ517.521

DOI10.23671/VNC.2018.3.17961

ÀÏÏÎÊÑÈÌÀÒÈÂÍÛÅ ÑÂÎÉÑÒÂÀÑÏÅÖÈÀËÜÍÛÕßÄÎÂ

ÏÎ ÏÎËÈÍÎÌÀÌÌÅÉÊÑÍÅÀ

. Ì. àäæèìèðçàåâ

1

1

Äàãåñòàíñêèéíàó÷íûéöåíòðÀÍ,

îññèÿ,367032Ìàõà÷êàëà,óë.Ì.àäæèåâà,45

E-mail:ramis3004gmail.om

Àííîòàöèÿ. Ïîñòðîåíû íîâûå ñïåöèàëüíûå ðÿäû ïîìîäèèöèðîâàííûì ïîëèíîìàì Ìåéêñíåðà

M n,N α (x) = M n α (N x)

.Ýòèïîëèíîìû ïðè

α > −1

îáðàçóþò îðòîãîíàëüíóþñ âåñîì

ρ(N x)

ñèñòåìó

íàðàâíîìåðíîé ñåòêå

Ω δ = {0, δ, 2δ, . . .}

, ãäå

δ = 1/N

,

N > 0

. Óïîìÿíóòûå ñïåöèàëüíûåðÿäû ïî ïîëèíîìàì

M n,N α (x)

ïîÿâèëèñüêàêåñòåñòâåííûéèàëüòåðíàòèâíûéðÿäàìÔóðüåÌåéêñíåðààï- ïàðàò îäíîâðåìåííîãîïðèáëèæåíèÿ äèñêðåòíîéóíêöèè

f

,çàäàííîéíàðàâíîìåðíîé ñåòêå

Ω δ

,è

ååêîíå÷íûõðàçíîñòåé

ν δ f

.Îñíîâíîåâíèìàíèåâíàñòîÿùåéñòàòüåóäåëåíîèññëåäîâàíèþàïïðîê- ñèìàòèâíûõ ñâîéñòâ÷àñòè÷íûõñóììóêàçàííûõðÿäîâ.Â÷àñòíîñòè, ïîëó÷åíàïîòî÷å÷íàÿîöåíêà

äëÿóíêöèèËåáåãà÷àñòè÷íûõñóììñïåöèàëüíîãîðÿäà.Ñëåäóåòîòìåòèòü,÷òîíîâûåñïåöèàëüíûå

ðÿäû,âîòëè÷èåîòðÿäîâ ÔóðüåÌåéêñíåðà, îáëàäàþòòåìñâîéñòâîì, ÷òîèõ÷àñòè÷íûåñóììû

ñîâïàäàþòñîçíà÷åíèÿìèèñõîäíîéóíêöèèâòî÷êàõ

0, δ, . . . , (r − 1)δ

.

Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: ïîëèíîìû Ìåéêñíåðà, àïïðîêñèìàòèâíûå ñâîéñòâà, ðÿä Ôóðüå, ñïåöèàëüíûå

ðÿäû,óíêöèÿËåáåãà.

MathematialSubjet Classiation(2000): 41A10.

1. Ââåäåíèå

 íàñòîÿùåé ðàáîòå ðàññìîòðåíû íîâûå ñïåöèàëüíûå ðÿäû ïî ìîäèèöèðîâàííûì

ïîëèíîìàì Ìåéêñíåðà

M n,N α (x) = M n α (N x)

ñ

α > − 1

, îðòîãîíàëüíûì íà ðàâíîìåðíîé ñåòêå

δ = { 0, δ, 2δ, . . . }

,ãäå

δ = N 1

,

N > 0,

èèññëåäîâàíûàïïðîêñèìàòèâíûå ñâîéñòâàèõ

÷àñòè÷íûõñóìì. Â÷àñòíîñòè, ïîëó÷åíàîöåíêà ñâåðõó äëÿ óíêöèè Ëåáåãà ÷àñòè÷íûõ

ñóìì ñïåöèàëüíîãî ðÿäà ïî ïîëèíîìàì Ìåéêñíåðà

M n,N α (x)

. Ñïåöèàëüíûå ðÿäû ïî ïî- ëèíîìàìÌåéêñíåðà

M n,N α (x)

îáëàäàþòçíà÷èòåëüíîëó÷øèìèàïïðîêñèìàòèâíûìèñâîé- ñòâàìè,÷åìðÿäûÔóðüåïîóêàçàííûìïîëèíîìàì.Íàïðèìåð,íîâûåñïåöèàëüíûåðÿäû,

ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèåçàäàííîìó

r ∈ N

, îáëàäàþòòåìñâîéñòâîì, ÷òî÷àñòè÷íûå ñóììûýòèõ ðÿäîâ èíòåðïîëèðóþò èñõîäíóþ óíêöèþâòî÷êàõ

0, δ, . . . , (r − 1)δ

.

Ïðè èññëåäîâàíèè àïïðîêñèìàòèâíûõ ñâîéñòâ ÷àñòè÷íûõ ñóìì ñïåöèàëüíîãî ðÿäà

íàì ïîíàäîáÿòñÿ íåêîòîðûå ñâîéñòâà ïîëèíîìîâ Ìåéêñíåðà

M n,N α (x)

, êîòîðûå ìû ïðè-

âåäåì âñëåäóþùåì ïóíêòå.

2. Íåêîòîðûå ñâåäåíèÿ î ïîëèíîìàõ Ìåéêñíåðà

Äëÿ

q 6 = 0

è ïðîèçâîëüíîãî

α ∈ R

êëàññè÷åñêèå ïîëèíîìû Ìåéêñíåðà [13℄ ìîæíî îïðåäåëèòüñ ïîìîùüþ ðàâåíñòâà

M n α (x) = M n α (x, q) =

n + α n

n

X

k=0

n [k] x [k]

(α + 1) k k!

1 − 1

q k

,

2018àäæèìèðçàåâ.Ì.

(2)

ãäå

x [k] = x(x − 1) . . . (x − k + 1)

,

(a) k = a(a + 1) . . . (a + k − 1)

. Ïðè

α > − 1

è

0 < q < 1

ïîëèíîìûÌåéêñíåðà

M n α (x)

îáðàçóþòîðòîãîíàëüíóþñèñòåìóíàñåòêå

{ 0, 1, . . . }

ñâåñîì

ρ(x) = ρ(x, α, q) = q x Γ(x+α+1) Γ(x+1) (1 − q) α+1

,à,áîëååòî÷íî,èìååòìåñòîñëåäóþùååðàâåíñòâî:

X

x=0

m α n (x)m α k (x)ρ(x) = δ nk , 0 < q < 1, α > − 1,

ãäå

m α n (x) = m α n (x, q) = { h α n (q) } 1 2 M n α (x)

,

h α n (q) = n+α n

q n Γ(α + 1).

Ïóñòü

N > 0

,

δ = N 1

,

q = e −δ

,

δ = { 0, δ, 2δ, . . . }

. Ìíîãî÷ëåíû

M n,N α (x) = M n α (N x, e −δ )

è

m α n,N (x) = m α n (N x, e δ ) =

h α n (e δ ) 1 2 M n,N α (x)

âñëó÷àå

α > − 1

îáðàçóþòîðòîãîíàëü- íóþè îðòîíîðìèðîâàííóþ íà

δ

ñèñòåìû ñâåñîì

ρ(N x) = ρ(N x; α, e δ )

.

Âäàëüíåéøåì,ïðèîöåíêåóíêöèèËåáåãà,âàæíóþðîëüèãðàåòñëåäóþùàÿîðìóëà

Êðèñòîåëÿ Äàðáó:

K n,N α (t, x) =

n

X

k=0

m α k,N (t)m α k,N (x)

= δ p

(n + 1)(n + α + 1) (e δ/2 − e δ/2 )(x − t)

m α n+1,N (t)m α n,N (x) − m α n,N (t)m α n+1,N (x)

.

(1)

êîòîðóþ ìîæíîçàïèñàòü[4℄ òàê:

K α

n,N (t, x) = α n

n + α n − 1 ) m α n,N (t)m α n,N (x) + α n α n − 1

n + α n − 1 ) δ e δ 2 − e δ 2

1 (x − t)

×

m α n,N (x) m α n+1,N (t) − m α n 1,N (t)

− m α n,N (t) m α n+1,N (x) − m α n 1,N (x) ,

(2)

ãäå

α n = p

(n + 1)(n + α + 1)

. Äëÿ

0 < δ 6 1

,

N = 1 δ

,

λ > 0

,

1 6 n 6 λN

,

α > − 1

,

0 6 x < ∞

,

s > 0

,

θ n = 4n + 2α + 2

ñïðàâåäëèâû [2,5℄ñëåäóþùèåîöåíêè:

e x 2

m α n,N (x ± sδ)

6 c(α, λ, s)θ

α

n 2 A α n (x),

A α n (x) =

 

 

 

 

 

 

θ n α , 0 6 x 6 θ 1

n , θ

α 2 − 1 4

n x α 2 1 4 , θ 1

n < x 6 θ 2 n , h

θ n

θ

1

n 3 + | x − θ n | i − 1

4 , θ 2 n < x 6 n

2 , e x 4 , 2 n < x < ∞ ,

(3)

e x 2

m α n+1,N (x ± sδ) − m α n 1,N (x ± sδ)

6 c(α, λ, s)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 θ

α 2 − 1

n , 0 6 x 6 θ 1

n , θ

3

n 4 x α 2 + 1 4 , θ 1

n < x 6 θ 2 n , x α 2 θ

3

n 4

θ

1

n 3 + | x − θ n | 1 4

, θ 2 n < x 6 2 n , e x 4 , 2 n < x < ∞ .

(4)

Çäåñüèäàëåå

c

,

c(α)

,

c(α, . . . , λ)

ïîëîæèòåëüíûå÷èñëà,çàâèñÿùèåòîëüêîîòóêàçàííûõ ïàðàìåòðîâ, ïðè÷åìðàçëè÷íûå â ðàçíûõìåñòàõ.

(3)

3.Íåðàâåíñòâî Ëåáåãà äëÿ ÷àñòè÷íûõ ñóìì

ñïåöèàëüíîãî ðÿäà ïî ïîëèíîìàì Ìåéêñíåðà

 ðàáîòå [6℄ áûëè ââåäåíû ñïåöèàëüíûå ðÿäû ïî êëàññè÷åñêèì ïîëèíîìàì Ëàãåð-

ðàè èññëåäîâàíû àïïðîêñèìàòèâíûå ñâîéñòâà èõ÷àñòè÷íûõñóìì. Âíàñòîÿùåé ðàáîòå

ìû ðàññìîòðèì ñïåöèàëüíûå ðÿäû ïî ïîëèíîìàì Ìåéêñíåðà, êîòîðûå ÿâëÿþòñÿ äèñ-

êðåòíûì àíàëîãîì âûøåóïîìÿíóòûõ ñïåöèàëüíûõ ðÿäîâ ïî ïîëèíîìàì Ëàãåððà. Íàì

ïîíàäîáÿòñÿ íåêîòîðûå îáîçíà÷åíèÿ. Ïóñòü

äèñêðåòíîå ìíîæåñòâî, ñîñòîÿùåå èç

áåñêîíå÷íîãî ÷èñëà ðàçëè÷íûõ òî÷åê äåéñòâèòåëüíîé îñè,

µ = µ(x)

íåîòðèöàòåëüíàÿ óíêöèÿ,îïðåäåëåííàÿíàýòîììíîæåñòâå.×åðåç

l 2,µ (Ω)

îáîçíà÷èìïðîñòðàíñòâîóíê- öèé

f

, çàäàííûõ íà

èòàêèõ, ÷òî

P

x ∈ Ω f 2 (x)µ(x) < ∞

. Ìûðàññìîòðèì ñëó÷àé, êîãäà

Ω = Ω δ = { 0, δ, 2δ, . . . }

,

δ = N 1

,

µ(x) = ρ(N x) = ρ(N x; α, e −δ )

. Ïóñòü

d(x) ∈ l 2,ρ (Ω δ )

, òîãäà

ïðè

x ∈ Ω r,δ = { rδ, (r + 1)δ, . . . }

ìû ìîæåì îïðåäåëèòü äèñêðåòíûé àíàëîã ïîëèíîìà

Òåéëîðà ñëåäóþùåãî âèäà:

P r − 1,N (x) =

r − 1

X

ν =0

ν δ d(0)

ν! (N x) [ν] , ∆ 0 δ d(x) = d(x),

1 δ d(x) = d(x + δ) − d(x)

,

ν δ d(x) = ∆ δ (∆ ν δ 1 d(x))

. Ëåãêî ïðîâåðèòü, ÷òî óíêöèÿ

d r (x) = d(x)−P N −r (N x) r− 1,N [r] (x)

ïðèíàäëåæèòïðîñòðàíñòâó

l 2,ρ N,r (Ω r,δ )

,ãäå

ρ N,r (x) = ρ(N (x − rδ))

,

à ìîäèèöèðîâàííûå ïîëèíîìû Ìåéêñíåðà

m α k,N,r (x) = m α k,N (x − rδ)

(

k = 0, 1, . . .

) ïðè

α > − 1

îáðàçóþò îðòîíîðìèðîâàííûé áàçèñâ

l 2,ρ N,r (Ω r,δ )

ñ âåñîì

ρ N,r (x)

. Ïîýòîìó ìû

ìîæåì îïðåäåëèòüêîýèöèåíòûÔóðüå Ìåéêñíåðà

d ˆ α r,k = X

t ∈ Ω r,δ

d r (t)ρ N,r (t)m α k,N,r (t) = X

t ∈ Ω r,δ

d(t) − P r − 1,N (t)

N −r (N t) [r] ρ N,r (t)m α k,N,r (t)

èðÿäÔóðüå Ìåéêñíåðà

d r (x) =

X

k=0

d ˆ α r,k m α k,N,r (x),

êîòîðûé â ñèëó áàçèñíîñòè â

l 2,ρ N,r (Ω r,δ )

ñèñòåìû ïîëèíîìîâ Ìåéêñíåðà

m α k,N,r (x) (k = 0, 1, . . .)

ñõîäèòñÿðàâíîìåðíî îòíîñèòåëüíî

x ∈ Ω r,δ

. Îòñþäà ñëåäóåò, ÷òî

d(x) = P r−1,N (x) + N r (N x) [r]

X

k=0

d ˆ α r,k m α k,N,r (x), x ∈ Ω δ .

(5)

Ñëåäóÿ[7, 8℄,ìû áóäåì íàçûâàòü (5)ñïåöèàëüíûì ðÿäîì ïîïîëèíîìàì Ìåéêñíåðà äëÿ

óíêöèè

d(x)

. ×àñòè÷íóþ ñóììóðÿäà(5)îáîçíà÷èì÷åðåç

S n+r,N α (d, x) = P r − 1,N (x) + N r (N x) [r]

n

X

k=0

d ˆ α r,k m α k,N,r (x).

Åñëè

d(x) = p n+r (x)

ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé àëãåáðàè÷åñêèé ïîëèíîì ñòåïåíè

n + r,

òî,

î÷åâèäíî,

d ˆ α r,k = 0

ïðè

k > n + 1

è ïîýòîìó èç (5) ñëåäóåò

S n+r,N α (p n+r , x) ≡ p n+r (x),

ò. å.

S n+r,N α (d, x)

ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðîåêòîðîì íà ïîäïðîñòðàíñòâî àëãåáðàè÷åñêèõ ïîëèíîìîâ

p n+r (x)

ñòåïåíèíåâûøå

n+r

.Îáîçíà÷èì÷åðåç

q n+r (x)

àëãåáðàè÷åñêèéïîëèíîìñòåïåíè

n + r,

äëÿ êîòîðîãî

i d(0) = ∆ i q n+r (0) (i = 0, . . . , r − 1)

. Òîãäà

d(x) − S n+r,N α (d, x) =

d(x) − q n+r (x) + q n+r (x) − S n+r,N α (d, x) 6 | d(x) − q n+r (x) | +

S n+r,N α (q n+r − d, x)

.

(4)

Îòñþäàäëÿ

x ∈ Ω r,δ e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4

d(x) − S n+r,N α (d, x)

6 e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 | d(x) − q n+r (x) | + e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4

S n+r,N α (q n+r − d, x) .

(6)

Òàê êàê

P r−1,N (q n+r − d, x) = 0,

òî

e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4

S n+r,N α (q n+r − d, x)

= e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 N r (N x) [r]

n

X

k=0

( q n+r \ − d) α r,k m α k,N (x − rδ) 6 e x 2 x 2 r + 1 4 (N x) [r] X

t∈Ω r,δ

| q n+r (t) − d(t) | (N t) [r] ρ N,r (t)

n

X

k=0

m α k,N (t − rδ)m α k,N (x − rδ)

= e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 (N x) [r] X

t ∈ Ω r,δ

| q n+r (t) − d(t) |

(N t) [r] ρ N,r (t)

K n,N α (t − rδ, x − rδ) .

(7)

Ïîëîæèì

E k r (d, δ) = inf

q k

sup

x∈Ω r,δ

e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 | d(x) − q k (x) | ,

(8)

ãäå íèæíÿÿ ãðàíü áåðåòñÿ ïî âñåì àëãåáðàè÷åñêèì ïîëèíîìàì

q k (x)

ñòåïåíè

k,

äëÿ êî-

òîðûõ

i d(0) = ∆ i q k (0) (i = 0, . . . , r − 1).

Òîãäà èç(6) è(7) , ó÷èòûâàÿ (8) , ïîëó÷àåì

e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4

d(x) − S n+r,N α (d, x)

6 E n+r r (d, δ) 1 + l n,r α,N (x)

,

(9)

ãäå

l α,N n,r (x) = e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 (N x) [r] X

t ∈ Ω r,δ

e 2 t +rδ t r 2 1 4 Γ(N t − r + α + 1) (N t) [r] Γ(N t − r + 1)

× 1 − e δ α+1

K n,N α (t − rδ, x − rδ) .

 ñâÿçè ñ íåðàâåíñòâîì (9) âîçíèêàåò çàäà÷à îá îöåíêå óíêöèè Ëåáåãà

l α,N n,r (x)

ïðè

n 6 λN

,

λ > 1

.  íàñòîÿùåé ðàáîòå ìû îãðàíè÷èìñÿ èññëåäîâàíèåì âåëè÷èíû

l α,N n,r (x)

íà ìíîæåñòâàõ

G 1 = rδ, θ

n

è

G 2 =

θ n , θ 2 n

. À îöåíêà óíêöèè

l α,N n,r (x)

íà ïðîìåæóò-

êå

θ n

2 , ∞

ÿâëÿåòñÿ îáúåêòîì èññëåäîâàíèÿ äðóãîé íàøåé ðàáîòû. Ïðèäîêàçàòåëüñòâå

ñëåäóþùåéòåîðåìûìûâîñïîëüçóåìñÿòåõíèêîéäîêàçàòåëüñòâàòåîðåìû4èçðàáîòû[6℄.

Òåîðåìà 1. Ïóñòü

r ∈ N

,

r − 1 2 < α < r + 1 2

,

θ n = 4n + 2α + 2

,

λ > 1

,

0 < δ 6 1

,

δ = 1/N

,

n 6 λN.

Òîãäà èìåþò ìåñòî ñëåäóþùèåîöåíêè:

1)

åñëè

x ∈ G 1 = rδ, θ

n

,

òî

l α,N n,r (x) 6 c(α, λ, r)

( ln(n + 1), α = r, 1 + n α r , α 6 = r;

(10)

2)

åñëè

x ∈ G 2 =

θ n , θ 2 n ,

òî

l α,N n,r (x) 6 c(α, λ, r)

ln(1 + nx) + n x

α−r 2

.

(11)

(5)

Ïóñòü

x ∈ G 1 = rδ, θ

n

. Òîãäà

l n,r α,N (x) = S 1 + S 2 ,

(12)

ãäå

S 1 6 c(r)e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 (N x) r X

t ∈ Ω r,δ , rδ 6 t 6 4

θn

e 2 t t r 2 1 4 (N t) α r 1 − e δ α+1 K α

n,N (t − rδ, x − rδ) ,

S 2 6 c(r)e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 (N x) r

× X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t< ∞

e 2 t t r 2 1 4 Γ(N t − r + α + 1)

Γ(N t + 1) 1 − e δ α+1 K α

n,N (t − rδ, x − rδ) .

Îöåíèì

S 1 .

Èç(1)è (3)ïîëó÷àåì

S 1 6 c(α, r)x r 2 + 1 4 δ X

t∈Ω r,δ , rδ6t6 4

θn

t α r 2 1 4

n

X

k=0

e x 2 m α k,N (x − rδ)

e 2 t m α k,N (t − rδ)

6 c(α, λ, r)δx r 2 + 1 4 X

t ∈ Ω r,δ , rδ 6 t 6 4

θn

t α r 2 1 4

n

X

k=0

θ k α 6 c(α, λ, r)δx r 2 + 1 4 X

t ∈ Ω r,δ , rδ 6 t 6 4

θn

t α r 2 4 1 θ n α+1

6 c(α, λ, r)θ α

r 2 + 3 4 n

4 θn +δ

Z

0

t α r 2 1 4 dt 6 c(α, λ, r)θ α

r 2 + 3 4

n t α− r 2 + 3 4 α − r 2 + 3 4

4 θn +δ

0

= c(α, λ, r).

(13)

Ïåðåéäåìêîöåíêå âåëè÷èíû

S 2 .

Äëÿýòîãîïðåäñòàâèìåå ââèäå

S 2 6 S 21 + S 22 + S 23 ,

ãäå

S 21 = e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 N r X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t< ∞

e 2 t t r 2 1 4 Γ(N t − r + α + 1) Γ(N t + 1)

× 1 − e δ α+1

m α n,N (x − rδ)m α n,N (t − rδ) , S 22 = α n α n − 1

α n + α n − 1

δ

e δ 2 − e δ 2 e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 N r

m α n+1,N (x − rδ) − m α n − 1,N (x − rδ)

× X

t∈Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t< ∞

e 2 t t r 2 1 4 Γ(N t − r + α + 1)

Γ(N t + 1)(t − x) 1 − e δ α+1

m α n,N (t − rδ) ,

S 23 = α n α n − 1

α n + α n − 1

δ

e δ 2 − e δ 2 e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 N r

m α n,N (x − rδ)

× X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t<∞

e t 2 t r 2 1 4 Γ(N t − r + α + 1)

Γ(N t + 1)(t − x) 1 − e δ α+1

m α n+1,N (t − rδ) − m α n−1,N (t − rδ)

.

(6)

Îöåíèì âåëè÷èíó

S 21 .

Èç(3)èìååì

S 21 6 c(α, λ, r)x r 2 + 1 4 θ

α

n 2

X

t∈Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t<∞

t r 2 1 4 e t 2 Γ(N t − r + α + 1) t r Γ(N t − r + 1)

× 1 − e δ α+1

m α n,N (t − rδ)

.

(14)

Ïóñòü

W = X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t< ∞

e t 2 t r 2 1 4 Γ(N t − r + α + 1)

Γ(N t − r + 1) 1 − e −δ α+1

m α n,N (t − rδ)

= W 1 + W 2 ,

ãäå

W 1 = X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t 6 3θn

2

e t 2 t r 2 1 4 Γ(N t − r + α + 1)

Γ(N t − r + 1) 1 − e −δ α+1

m α n,N (t − rδ) ,

W 2 = X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

3θn 2 <t< ∞

e t 2 t 2 r 1 4 Γ(N t − r + α + 1)

Γ(N t − r + 1) 1 − e δ α+1

m α n,N (t − rδ) .

Ïðèìåíÿÿ íåðàâåíñòâî Êîøè Áóíÿêîâñêîãî ê âåëè÷èíå

W 1

, ïîëó÷àåì

W 1 6

 X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t 6 3θn

2

1 − e −δ α+1

t −r− 1 2 Γ(N t − r + α + 1) Γ(N t − r + 1)

1 2

×

 X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t 6 3θn

2

1 − e δ α+1 e −t Γ(N t − r + α + 1)

Γ(N t − r + 1) m α n,N (t − rδ) 2

1 2

6 c(α)

3 θn

Z 2

0

t α−r− 1 2 dt

1 2

6 c(α, r)θ

α−r 2 + 1 4

n .

(15)

W 2 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α

n 2 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

3 θn 2 <t< ∞

e 4 t t α r 2 1 4 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α

n 2 e n .

(16)

Èçîöåíîê (15) è(16)íàõîäèì

W 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α−r 2 + 1 4

n .

Èçïîñëåäíåãî íåðàâåíñòâà è (14)èìååì

S 21 6 c(α, λ, r)θ α n r .

(17)

(7)

Ïåðåéäåì êîöåíêå âåëè÷èíû

S 22 .

Âñèëó(4) è(3)

S 22 6 c(α, λ, r)nx r 2 + 1 4 θ

α 2 − 1 n θ

α

n 2 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t< ∞

t r 2 1 4 t α r A α n (t)

t − x = S 22 1 + S 2 22 + S 22 3 ,

ãäå

S 22 i = c(α, λ, r)nx r 2 + 1 4 θ n 1 δ X

t∈B i

t r 2 1 4 t α−r A α n (t)

t − x , i = 1, 2, 3, B 1 =

4 θ n , θ n

2

∩ Ω r,δ , B 2 = θ n

2 , 3θ n 2

∩ Ω r,δ , B 3 = 3θ n

2 , ∞

∩ Ω r,δ .

Èç(3)ïîëó÷àåì

S 22 1 6 c(α, λ, r)x r 2 + 1 4 θ

α 2 − 1 4

n δ X

t ∈ B 1

t r 2 1 4 t α r t α 2 1 4 t − x

6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α 2 − r

2 − 1 n 2

 δ

4 θ n

α 2r 23 2

+

θn

Z 2

4 θn

t α 2 r 2 2 3 dt

6 c(α, λ, r)

α

2 − r 21 2 θ

α 2 − r

2 − 1

n 2 t α 2 r 2 1 2

θn 2

4 θn

6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α 2 − r

2 − 1 n 2

4 θ n

α 2r

2 − 1

2

= c(α, λ, r),

(18)

S 22 2 6 c(α, λ, r)x r 2 + 1 4 θ n 1 4 δ X

t∈B 2

t 2 r 1 4 t α r h

θ n 1 3 + | t − θ n | i − 1 4

t − x

6 c(α, λ, r)θ α−r− n 7 4

3θn

Z 2

θn 2

h θ n 1 3 + | t − θ n | i − 1 4

dt 6 c(α, λ, r)θ α−r− n 7 4 θ n 3 4 6 c(α, λ, r)θ n α r 1 ,

(19)

S 22 3 6 c(α, λ, r)x r 2 + 1 4 δ X

t∈B 3

t r 2 1 4 t α−r e 4 t t − x 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

r 2 − 1 n 4

Z

3 θn 2 −δ

t α− r 2 5 4 e 4 t dt 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

r 2 − 1

n 4 e −n .

(20)

Ñîáèðàÿîöåíêè (18)(20) , íàõîäèì

S 22 6 c(α, λ, r)(1 + θ α−r−1 n ).

(21)

Îöåíèì

S 23

:

S 23 6 c(α, λ, r)nθ

α

n 2 x r 2 + 1 4 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

4 θn <t< ∞

t r 2 4 1 t α r (t − x)

× e t 2

m α n+1,N (t − rδ) − m α n 1,N (t − rδ)

6 S 23 1 + S 23 2 + S 23 3 ,

(8)

ãäå

S 23 i = c(α, λ, r)θ

α 2 +1

n x r 2 + 1 4 δ X

t ∈ B i

t α r 2 1 4 (t − x) e 2 t

m α n+1,N (t − rδ) − m α n − 1,N (t − rδ) .

Âñèëó(4) ïîëó÷àåì

S 23 1 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α 2 − r 2 + 3 4

n δ X

t ∈ B 1

θ n 3 4 t α r 2 1 4 t α 2 + 1 4 t − x

6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α 2 − r n 2

 δ

4 θ n

α 2r

2 − 1

+

θn 2

Z

4 θn

t α 2 r 2 −1 dt

6 c(α, λ, r)

2 ln θ n − 3 ln 2, α = r, θ

α 2 − r n 2

h θ n

2

α 2r 2

θ 4 n α 2r 2 i

, α 6 = r,

(22)

S 23 2 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α 2 − r 2 + 3 4

n δ X

t ∈ B 2

θ n 4 3 t α− r 2 1 4 t α 2 h

θ n 1 3 + | t − θ n | i 1 4 t − x

6 c(α, λ, r)θ α r

5

n 4

3θn 2 +δ

Z

θn 2 − δ

1

n 3 + | t − θ n | ] 1 4 dt 6 c(α, λ, r)θ α r

5

n 4 θ

5

n 4 = c(α, λ, r)θ n α r ,

(23)

S 23 3 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α 2 − r

2 + 3 4

n δ X

t∈B 3

t α r 2 1 4 e 4 t t − x 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α 2 − r

2 + 3 4 n

Z

3 θn 2 −δ

t α r 2 5 4 e 4 t dt 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α 2 − r

2 + 3 4

n e n .

(24)

Èçîöåíîê (22) (24) âûâîäèì

S 23 6 c(α, λ, r)

( 2 ln θ n − 3 ln 2, α = r, θ n α r , α 6 = r.

(25)

Ñîáèðàÿ îöåíêè(17) , (21) è(25) , íàõîäèì

S 2 6 c(α, λ, r)

( ln(n + 1), α = r,

1 + n α r , α 6 = r.

(26)

Èç(12) , (13) è(26)èìååì

l n,r α,N (x) 6 c(α, λ, r)

( ln(n + 1), α = r, 1 + n α r , α 6 = r.

Òåì ñàìûìîöåíêà (10)äîêàçàíà.

(9)

Ïåðåéäåìêäîêàçàòåëüñòâóîöåíêè(11) .Ïóñòü

x ∈ G 2 =

θ n , θ 2 n

.

Ââåäåìîáîçíà÷åíèÿ

D 1 =

rδ, x − r x

θ n

∩ Ω r,δ , D 2 =

x −

r x θ n , x +

r x θ n

∩ Ω r,δ , D 3 =

x +

r x θ n , ∞

∩ Ω r,δ .

Òîãäà

l α,N n,r (x) = J 1 + J 2 + J 3 ,

ãäå

J i 6 c(α, r)e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 δ X

t ∈ D i

e t 2 t α− r 2 1 4

K n,N α (t − rδ, x − rδ)

, i = 1, 2, 3.

Îöåíèì

J 2 .

Äëÿ ýòîãîçàìåòèì, ÷òî âñèëóíåðàâåíñòâà Êîøè Áóíÿêîâñêîãî

K α

n,N (t − rδ, x − rδ) 6

K α

n,N (t − rδ, t − rδ)

1 2

K α

n,N (x − rδ, x − rδ)

1 2 .

Äàëåå,åñëè

θ n 6 x 6 θ 2 n

, òî

x − q

x θ n > θ λ

n ,

êðîìå òîãî,äëÿ

t ∈ D 2 ,

èìååì

c 1 x 6 t 6 c 2 x.

Òîãäà

J 2 6 c(α, r)x r 2 + 1 4

e x K α

n,N (x − rδ, x − rδ)

1

2 δ X

t ∈ D 2

t α r 2 1 4

e t K α

n,N (t − rδ, t − rδ)

1 2 .

Îòäåëüíîîöåíèìâåëè÷èíó

| e t K α

n,N (t − rδ, t − rδ) |

.Èñïîëüçóÿ(1),(3)è(4) ,ïî÷òèäîñëîâ-

íî ïîâòîðÿÿ ðàññóæäåíèÿ äîêàçàòåëüñòâà ëåììû 7.1 èç ðàáîòû [6℄, â êîòîðîé ïîëó÷åíà

îöåíêàÿäðàÊðèñòîåëÿÄàðáóäëÿïîëèíîìîâËàãåððà,ìîæíîäîêàçàòüñëåäóþùåå

óòâåðæäåíèå.

Ëåììà 1. Ïóñòü

α > − 1

,

θ n = 4n + 2α + 2

,

λ > 1

,

t > θ 3

n

. Òîãäà ðàâíîìåðíî

îòíîñèòåëüíî

n

è

N

òàêèõ, ÷òî

1 6 n 6 λN

, èìååò ìåñòî îöåíêà

e −t K n,N α (t − rδ, t − rδ)

6 c(α, λ, r)t −α− 1 2 n 1 2 .

Âåðíåìñÿê îöåíêå âåëè÷èíû

J 2

. Âñèëóëåììû 1ìû ìîæåì çàïèñàòü

J 2 6 c(α, λ, r)x r 2 + 1 4 x α 2 1 4 n 1 4 δ X

t ∈ D 2

t α r 2 1 4 t α 2 1 4 n 1 4 6 c(α, λ, r)x r 2 α 2 n 1 2 δ X

t ∈ D 2

t α 2 r 2 1 2 6 c(α, λ, r)x 1 2 n 1 2 X

t ∈ D 2

δ 6 c(α, λ, r).

(27)

Ïåðåéäåìêîöåíêåâåëè÷èíû

J 1 .

Ñýòîé öåëüþïðåäñòàâèì ååââèäå

J 1 6 J 11 + J 12 + J 13 ,

ãäå

J 11 6 c(α, r)e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 δ X

t ∈ D 1

e 2 t t α r 2 1 4

m α n,N (x − rδ)m α n,N (t − rδ) ,

J 12 6 c(α, r)ne x 2 x r 2 + 1 4

m α n+1,N (x − rδ) − m α n − 1,N (x − rδ) δ X

t ∈ D 1

e t 2 t α r 2 1 4

| t − x |

m α n,N (t − rδ)

,

(10)

J 13 6 c(α, r)ne 2 x 2 + 4 m α n,N (x − rδ) δ

× X

t ∈ D 1

e 2 t t α− r 2 1 4

| t − x |

m α n+1,N (t − rδ) − m α n − 1,N (t − rδ) .

Îöåíèìâåëè÷èíó

J 11 .

Äëÿ ýòîãîçàïèøåì ååâ ñëåäóþùåì âèäå:

J 11 6 c(α, r) J 11 1 + J 11 2

,

(28)

ãäå(áóäåìñ÷èòàòü,÷òî

J 11 1 = 0

, åñëè

rδ > θ λ

n

)

J 11 1 6 c(α, λ, r)x r 2 + 1 4 θ

α 2 − 1 4

n x α 2 1 4 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ , rδ6t6 λ

θn

t α r 2 1 4 6 c(α, λ, r)x r 2 α 2 θ

α 2 − 1 4 n

λ θn +δ

Z

0

t α r 2 1 4 dt

6 c(α, λ, r)

α − 2 r + 3 4 x r 2 α 2 θ

α 2 − 1 n 4 θ

r 2 − α − 3

n 4 = c(α, λ, r)(xθ n ) r 2 α 2 θ n 1 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

1

n 2 ,

(29)

J 11 2 6 c(α, λ, r)x r 2 α 2 θ n 1 2 δ X

t∈Ω r,δ ,

λ

θn <t6x − √ x θn

t α r 2 1 4 t α 2 1 4 6 c(α, λ, r)x 1 2 θ n 1 2 .

(30)

Èçíåðàâåíñòâ (28) , (29)è (30)èìååì

J 11 6 c(α, λ, r)

"

x θ n

1 2 + θ

1

n 2

#

.

(31)

×òîáûîöåíèòü âåëè÷èíó

J 12 ,

ïðåäñòàâèì åå â âèäå

J 12 = J 12 1 + J 12 2 ,

(32)

â êîòîðîì

J 12 1 6 c(α, λ, r)nx r 2 + 1 4 θ

3

n 4 x α 2 + 1 4 θ

α

n 2 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ , rδ 6 t 6 λ

θn

t r 2 1 4 t α r

x − t 6 c(α, λ, r)θ

α 2 + 1 4

n x r−α 2 + 1 2

× 1

x δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ , rδ6t6 θn λ

t α r 2 1 4 6 c(α, λ, r) α − r 2 + 3 4 θ

α 2 + 1 4

n x r−α 2 1 2 θ −α+

r 2 − 3 4

n = c(α, λ, r) (xθ n ) r−α 2 1 2 ,

(33)

J 12 2 6 c(α, λ, r)nx r−α 2 + 1 2 θ

3

n 4 θ

1

n 4 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

λ

θn <t 6 x − √ x θn

t r 2 1 4 t α 2 − r − 1 4

x − t 6 c(α, λ, r)x r−α 2 + 1 2

×

 δ

λ θ n

α−r 21

2

x − θ λ n +

x − √ x θn +δ

Z

λ θn

t α−r 2 1 2 x − t dt

6 c(α, λ, r)

1 − q 1

xθn + x δ

Z

λ xθn

y α−r 2 2 1

1 − y dy

(11)

6 c(α, λ, r)

1

Z 3

λ xθn

y α−r 2 1 2 dy + c(α, λ, r)

1 − q 1

xθn + δ x

Z

1 3

1

1 − y dy 6 c(α, λ, r)

1 + ln p xθ n

.

(34)

Èç (32) (34)ïîëó÷àåì

J 12 6 c(α, λ, r)

1 + ln p xθ n

.

(35)

Ïîâòîðÿÿ ðàññóæäåíèÿ, êîòîðûå ïðèâåëè íàñ ê îöåíêàì (33) (35), ìîæíî ïîêàçàòü,

÷òî

J 13 6 c(α, λ, r)

1 + ln p xθ n

.

(36)

Èç(31) , (35)è (36)èìååì

J 1 6 c(α, λ, r)

1 + ln p xθ n

.

(37)

Îöåíèìâåëè÷èíó

J 3

. Äëÿ ýòîãîâîñïîëüçóåìñÿ îðìóëîé(2). Òîãäà

J 3 6 c(α, r)(J 31 + J 32 + J 33 ),

(38)

ãäå

J 31 = e x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 (N x) r

m α n,N (x − rδ)

X

t ∈ D 3

e 2 t t r 2 1 4 (N t) α−r (1 − e −δ ) α+1

m α n,N (t − rδ) ,

J 32 = ne x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 (N x) r

m α n+1,N (x − rδ) − m α n−1,N (x − rδ)

× X

t ∈ D 3

e t 2 t r 2 1 4 (N t) α r

t − x (1 − e δ ) α+1

m α n,N (t − rδ) ,

J 33 = ne x 2 x r 2 + 1 4 (N x) r

m α n,N (x − rδ)

X

t ∈ D 3

e 2 t t r 2 1 4 (N t) α r t − x

× (1 − e δ ) α+1

m α n+1,N (t − rδ) − m α n − 1,N (t − rδ) .

Âåëè÷èíó

J 31

ïðåäñòàâèì â âèäå

J 31 = J 31 1 + J 31 2 + J 31 3

. Îáðàùàÿñü ê íåðàâåíñòâó (3), ïîëó÷àåì

J 31 1 6 c(α, λ)x r 2 + 1 4 θ

1

n 4 x α 2 1 4 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ , x+ √ x

θn <t 6 θn

2

t r 2 1 4 θ

1

n 4 t α 2 1 4 t α−r

6 c(α, λ)x r−α 2 θ

1

n 2

 δ

x +

r x θ n

α−r 21

2

+

θn 2

Z

x+ √ x θn

t α−r 2 1 2 dt

6 c(α, λ, r)x r−α 2 θ n 1 2

"

θ n 2

α−r 2 + 1 2

x + r x

θ n

α−r 2 + 1 2 #

6 c(α, λ, r)x r−α 2 θ

1

n 2 θ

α−r 2 + 1 2

n 6 c(α, λ, r) n x

α−r 2 ,

(39)

(12)

J 31 2 6 c(α, λ)x r 2 + 1 4 θ

1

n 4 x α 2 1 4 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

θn 2 <t 6 3θn

2

t 2 4 t α−r θ n 2

θ n

θ

1

n 3 + | t − θ n | 1 4 6 c(α, λ) n

x α 2r 2

n 3 4 X

t∈Ω r,δ ,

θn 2 <t6 3 θn 2

δ

θ

1

n 3 + | t − θ n | 1 4

6 c(α, λ) n x

α 2r 2

n 3 4

3θn

Z 2

θn 2

dt

θ

1

n 3 + | t − θ n | 1 4

6 c(α, λ) n x

α 22 r

,

(40)

J 31 3 6 c(α, λ)x r 2 α 2 θ

1

n 4 δ X

t∈Ω r,δ , 3θn 2 <t<∞

t r 2 1 4 t α r θ

α

n 2 e 4 t

6 c(α, λ)n 1 4 α 2 x r 2 α 2 δ X

t∈ Ω r,δ , 3 θn

2 <t<∞

t α r 2 1 4 e t 4

6 c(α, λ)n 1 4 α 2 x r 2 α 2

Z

3θn 2 − δ

t α r 2 1 4 e 4 t dt 6 c(α, λ, r) n x

α 22 r

.

(41)

Èç(39) (41) âûâîäèì

J 31 6 c(α, λ, r) n x

α 2r

2 .

(42)

Ïåðåéäåì êîöåíêå âåëè÷èíû

J 32

, äëÿýòîãî ïðåäñòàâèì ååâ âèäå

J 32 6 J 32 1 + J 32 2 + J 32 3 ,

â êîòîðîì

J 32 1 6 c(α, λ)nx r 2 + 1 4 θ n 3 4 x α 2 + 1 4 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ , x+ √ x

θn <t 6 θn 2 + √ x θn

t α r 2 1 4 θ n 1 4 t α 2 1 4 t − x

6 c(α, λ)x r 2 α 2 + 1 2

θn 2 + √ x

Z θn

x+ √ x θn −δ

t α−r 2 1 2 t − x dt

6 c(α, λ)

2x

Z

x+ √ x θn −δ

dt

t − x + c(α, λ)x r 2 α 2 + 1 2

θn 2 + √ x

Z θn

2x

t α−r 2 3 2 dt 6 c(α, λ, r) ln r θ n

x ,

(43)

(13)

J 32 2 6 c(α, λ)nx r−α 2 + 1 2 θ

3

n 4 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

θn 2 + √ x

θn <t 6 3θn

2

t α r 2 1 4 θ

α

n 2

t − x

θ n

θ

1

n 3 + | t − θ n | − 1 4

6 c(α, λ)x r−α 2 + 1 2 θ

α−r 2 − 1 n 4

3θn

Z 2

θn r2 + √ x θn − δ

θ

1

n 3 + | t − θ n | − 1

4 dt

t − x = c(α, λ)x r−α 2 + 1 2 θ

α−r 2 − 1 n 4

×

θ n −θ n 1 3

Z

θn 2 + √ x

θn − δ

θ

1

n 3 − t + θ n1

4 dt t − x +

3 θn

Z 2

θ n − θ

1 3 n

θ

1

n 3 + | t − θ n | − 1

4 dt t − x

6 c(α, λ) θ n

x

α−r 2 x θ n

1 2

ln θ n − x

θ n

2 + q

x θ n − x ,

(44)

J 32 3 6 c(α, λ)nx r−α 2 + 1 2 θ n 3 4 δ X

t∈Ω r,δ ,

3 θn 2 <t<∞

e t 4 t α r 2 1 4 θ

α

n 2

t − x

6 c(α, λ)x r−α 2 + 1 2 θ

α 2 + 1 4

n δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ ,

3θn 2 <t< ∞

e 4 t t α r 2 5 4 6 c(α, λ, r)e 3n 2 .

(45)

Èç(43) (45) ïîëó÷àåìîöåíêó

J 32 6 c(α, λ, r)

ln r θ n

x + θ n

x

α−r 2 x θ n

1 2

ln θ n − x

θ n

2 + q

x θ n − x

 .

(46)

Àíàëîãè÷íîîöåíèìâåëè÷èíó

J 33

.Ñýòîéöåëüþïðåäñòàâèìååââèäå

J 33 6 J 33 1 +J 33 2 +J 33 3 ,

ãäå

J 33 1 6 c(α, λ, r)nx r 2 + 1 4 θ

1

n 4 x α 2 1 4 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ , x+ √ x

θn <t6 θn 2 + √ x θn

t r 2 1 4 θ

3

n 4 t α 2 + 1 4 t α−r t − x

6 c(α, λ, r)x r−α 2 δ X

t ∈ Ω r,δ , x+ √ x

θn <t 6 θn

2 + √ x θn

t α−r 2

t − x 6 c(α, λ, r)

2x

Z

x+ √ x θn − δ

dt t − x

+ c(α, λ, r)x r−α 2

θn 2 + √ x

Z θn

2x−δ

t α−r 2 −1 dt 6 c(α, λ, r)

"

ln p xθ n +

θ n x

α−r 2 # ,

(47)

参照

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