文構成素の適切な選択と配置による自然な日中機械翻訳

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(1)2006−NL−176（6） 2006／11／22. 社団法人情報処理学会研究報告 IPSJ SIG Technical Report. ᢥ᭴ᚑ⚛ߩㆡಾߥㆬᛯߣ㈩⟎ߦࠃࠆ⥄ὼߥᣣਛᯏ᪾⠡⸶ ⊕ 㕒㊁᧛ ᶈㇹ ਻ᎺᎿᬺᄢቇᖱႎᎿቇㇱ ‫ޥ‬㘵ႦᏒᎹᵤ . [email protected] http://www.dumbo.ai.kyutech.ac.jp/nomura/. 㩷㩷 ޽ࠄ߹ߒ ᣣਛᯏ᪾⠡⸶ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ߇ታ↪ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣߒߡᄙᢙߦឭଏߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ ߈ߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ਇㆡಾߥ⠡⸶߿ਇ⥄ὼߥ⠡⸶߇ᄙߊ⷗ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬ታ↪ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣߒߡ૶↪ߔࠆ ߦߪ㔍߇޽ࠆ‫⺰ᧄޕ‬ᢥߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙᢙߩ଀ᢥࠍ᜼ߍߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖⺆ߩᢥ᭴ᚑ⚛㑆ߦ࿕᦭ߩ೙⚂㑐 ଥࠍ೑↪ߒߡᢥ᭴ᚑ⚛㈩⟎ߦࠃࠆ‫⥄ޔ‬ὼߥਛ࿖⺆⸶ᢥߩ₪ᓧߦߟ޿ߡㅀߴࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߦ‫ޔ‬ਛ ࿖⺆ߩ⠡⸶⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ޿ߊߟ߆ߩୃᱜߔࠆᔅⷐߩᢥဳࠍ߹ߣ߼ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᢥဳߦኻߒ‫ౕޔ‬૕⊛ ߥ⺞ᢛᣇᴺࠍㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄ⺆ߣਛ࿖⺆ߩฬ⹖ൻ↪ធ⛯⹖߅ࠃ߮ઁ᭴ᢥⷐ⚛ធ⛯ߩ⋧㆑߇޽ ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ⺆ߩᒻኈ⹖ࠍㅀ⺆ߣߔࠆหߓᢥᴺ⴫⃻ߢ޽ߞߡ߽ਛ࿖⺆ߣߒߡߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ⸒⺆⴫ ⃻߽޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ⺆ේᢥߦߪᰳߌߡ޿ࠆฬ⹖ฏᖱႎߩ⹺⼂ߣ⵬ቢ߽޽ࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߦᢥ⴫⃻ߦ߅ ߌࠆ૶ᓎ‫ޔ‬ฃりᤨ೙ߥߤߩᴺᖱႎߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ਔ⸒⺆ᢥⷐ⚛㑆ߩଐሽ㑐ଥߩ⋧㆑ߦߟ޿ߡㅀ ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬㩷 . 㪪㫌㫀㫋㪸㪹㫃㪼㩷㪪㪼㫃㪼㪺㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪧㫉㫆㫇㪼㫉㩷㪛㫀㫊㫇㫆㫊㫀㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫆㪽㩷㪪㪼㫅㫋㪼㫅㪺㪼㩷㪚㫆㫅㫊㫋㫀㫋㫌㪼㫅㫋㫊㩷㪽㫆㫉㩷㪞㪼㫅㪼㫉㪸㫋㫀㫅㪾㩷㪥㪸㫋㫌㫉㪸㫃㩷㪫㫉㪸㫅㫊㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫀㫅㩷㪡㪸㫇㪸㫅㪼㫊㪼㪄㪚㪿㫀㫅㪼㫊㪼㩷㪤㪸㪺㪿㫀㫅㪼㩷㪫㫉㪸㫅㫊㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㩷㪙㪸㫀㩷㪡㫀㫅㪾㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪟㫀㫉㫆㫊㪸㫋㫆㩷㪥㫆㫄㫌㫉㪸㩷 Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka 820-8502 Japan. [email protected]. Abstract This paper presents the selection and disposition of sentence constituents focused on the generation of natural Chinese translation. We have examined many translation results for simple grammar Japanese sentence using some free online translators and one business application system. We found in order to get a correct and more natural translation it needs not only the constraint information of original language, but also necessary for the target language. We have collected some sentence patterns there is different constraint information between Japanese and Chinese language. Through the analysis of difference to finding out the more suitable selection and proper disposition, then getting more natural translation. Although our sentence patterns is for simple sentence and lacks categories, it gets better results than other translation systems.㩷㩷. −41−.

(2) 䋱䋮䈲䈛䉄䈮㩷 ᚒ 䇱䈲䇮 ᓥ ᧪ 䉋䉍䇮㪚㪣㪠㪥㪫㩷㩿㪚㫉㫆㫊㫊㩷㪣㪠㫅㪾㫌㪸㫃㩷㪠㫅㪽㫆㫉㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪫㪼㪺㪿㫅㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㪀㩷䈫๭䈹৻ㅪ䈱ᯏ᪾⠡⸶䈱 ⎇ⓥ䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈐䈢䇯㪚㪣㪠㪥㪫䈮䈲䇮⃻࿷䇮ᣣ䉺䉟ᯏ᪾ ⠡⸶䉲䉴䊁䊛㩷㪚㪣㪠㪥㪫㩷㪡㪉㪫㩷㪲㪈㪄㪊㪴䇮ᣣ䊙䊧䊷ᯏ᪾⠡⸶ 䉲䉴䊁䊛㩷㪚㪣㪠㪥㪫㩷㪡㪉㪤㩷㪲㪋㪴䇮ᣣ⷏ᯏ᪾⠡⸶䉲䉴䊁䊛㩷㪚㪣㪠㪥㪫㩷㪡㪉㪪㩷㵰㪡㪜㪤㪪㵱㩷㪲㪌㪴䇮䈍䉋䈶ᣣਛᯏ᪾⠡⸶䉲䉴䊁䊛㩷㪚㪣㪠㪥㪫㩷㪡㪉㪚䈏䈅䉎䇯䈇䈝䉏䉅ዊⷙᮨ䈭ታ㛎䉲䉴䊁䊛䉕㐿⊒䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷ㄭᐕ䇮ᣣਛᯏ᪾⠡⸶䉲䉴䊁䊛䈏䈇䈒䈧䈎ታ↪䉲䉴䊁䊛䈫䈚䈩ឭଏ䈘䉏䉎䉋䈉䈮䈭䈦䈩䈐䈢䇯䈚䈎䈚䇮ਇㆡ ಾ䈭⠡⸶䉇ਇ⥄ὼ䈭⠡⸶䈏ᄙ䈒⷗䉌䉏䇮ታ↪䉲䉴䊁䊛䈫䈚䈩૶↪䈜䉎䈮䈲㔍䈏䈅䉎䇯㩷 ᧄⓂ䈲䇮ᣣᧄ⺆䈎䉌⥄ὼ䈭ਛ࿖⺆⸶ᢥ䉕ᓧ䉎䈢䉄䈱⸒⺆ᄌ឵䊂䊷䉺䉕ᢛℂ䈜䉎䈖䈫䉕⋡⊛䈫䈜䉎䇯䈠䈱䈢䉄䇮䉁䈝䇮⃻࿷ᦨᣂ౏㐿䈱ᣣਛᯏ᪾⠡⸶䉲䉴䊁䊛䈮䉋䉎⠡⸶ຠ⾰䈱ಽᨆ䊶⠨ኤ䈮ၮ䈨䈇䈩䇮䈠䈱 ⠡⸶⚿ᨐ䈱ᱜ䈚䈘䈣䈔䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮ਛ࿖⺆䈫䈚䈩⥄ὼ 䈪䈅䉎䈎䈬䈉䈎䈮䈧䈇䈩ᢛℂ䈜䉎䇯⛯䈇䈩䇮ਛ࿖⺆䈱ᢥ᭴ᚑ⚛㑆䈮࿕᦭䈱೙⚂㑐ଥ䈮䈧䈇䈩⚦䈎䈒⊒ ⷗䈘䉏䈢໧㗴ὐ䉕৻䈧৻䈧଀ᢥ䉕᜼䈕䈭䈏䉌ㅀ䈼䇮 ⠡⸶ᄌ឵䈮䈍䈔䉎໧㗴ὐ䉕ᢛℂ䈜䉎䇯䈠䈚䈩䇮ಽᨆ 䈮䉋䉍⊒⷗䈘䉏䈢໧㗴ὐ䈮ኻ䈚䈩䇮⥄ὼ䈭ਛ࿖⺆ᢥ 䉕ᓧ䉎䈢䉄䈮䇮ㆡಾ䈭⸶⺆ㆬᛯ䈫ᢥ᭴ᚑ⚛㈩⟎䈮㑐䈚䈩䇮ౕ૕⊛䈭⸃᳿ᣇᴺ䉕ឭ᩺䈜䉎䇯䈠䉏䈮ၮ䈨䈐䇮ᣣᧄ⺆㵻ਛ࿖⺆䈱ዊⷙᮨ䈭ᯏ᪾⠡⸶䉲䉴䊁䊛䉕 ૞ᚑ䈜䉎䇯ᦨᓟ䈮䈠䈱ᯏ᪾⠡⸶䉲䉴䊁䊛䈮䉋䉎⠡⸶ ታ㛎䈫䈠䈱⠨ኤ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯䈭䈍䇮਄⸥ಽᨆ䈲䇮ᢥᴺ⊛ ✂⟜ᕈ䉕⏕଻䈜䉎䈢䉄䇮ೋ⚖䊧䊔䊦䈱䉅䈱䈪䈲䈅䉎䈏䇮ᢎ⑼ᦠ㪲㪍㪴䉕ෳᾖ䈚䈢䇯㩷㩷. 䋲䋮⺋䉍䈱ᄙ䈇ᢥဳ㩷 ⃻࿷ᦨᣂ౏㐿䈱ᣣਛᯏ᪾⠡⸶䉲䉴䊁䊛䈱⠨ኤ䈮 ၮ䈨䈇䈩䇮䈠䈱⠡⸶⚿ᨐ䈱ᱜ䈚䈘䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮⸶䈘䉏䈢ਛ࿖⺆䈏⥄ὼ䈪䈅䉎䈎䈬䈉䈎䈫䈇䈉ὐ䈮⌕⋡䈚䇮䈠䉏䉌䉕ౕ૕⊛䈮ಽᨆ㵻ᢛℂ䈚䈩䇮ਛ࿖⺆䈱ᢥ⣂೙⚂ 䈮䉋䉍⊒⷗䈘䉏䈢໧㗴ὐ䈮䈧䈇䈩଀ᢥ䉕᜼䈕䈩ㅙ৻ ㅀ䈼䉎䇯㩷 ౕ૕⊛䈭ᢥဳ䈱⺋䉍䋺㩷䊶㩷 ᜰ␜ઍฬ⹖䈫ᢙ⹖䉕฽䉃ฬ⹖ฏ㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ᜰ␜ઍฬ⹖䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ᢙ⹖䋾䋼䈱䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷䊶㩷 ᒻኈ⹖䈫ᒻኈേ⹖䉕฽䉃ฬ⹖ฏ㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ᒻኈ⹖䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ᒻኈേ⹖䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ฬ⹖䋾䋼䈱䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷䊶㩷䉰ᄌേ⹖㩷㩷䋼䉰ᄌേ⹖䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼䌾䈜䉎䋾㩷㫓㩷䋼䌾䉕䈜䉎䋾㩷䊶㩷 ᢙ⹖䉕฽䉃ᣣᧄᢥ㩷㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷㵺䋼ᢙ⹖䋾䋼േ⹖䋾㩷㵺㩷. 䊶㩷㗫ᐲ䉕฽䉃ᣣᧄᢥ㩷㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷㗫ᐲ䉕฽䉃ᢥ㩷䊶㩷 ㅀ⺆䋽ᒻኈ⹖䈫ᒻኈേ⹖㩷㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼㵺䈲䋾䋼ᒻኈ⹖䋾㩷㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼㵺䈲䋾䋼ᒻኈേ⹖䋾㩷䊶㩷 ㅀ⺆䋽േ⹖น⢻ᒻ㩷㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼㵺䈲䋾䋼㩷㵺䈏䋾䋼േ⹖น⢻ ᒻ䋾㩷㩷䈖䉏䈎䉌䇮એ਄䈱ᢥဳ䈮ኻ䈚䈩䇮৻䈧䈝䈧⺑᣿䈚䈩䈇䈒䇯㩷㩷. 䋳䋮ਛ࿖⺆䈮䈍䈔䉎㊂⹖䈱ᓎഀ㩷㩷 ਛ࿖⺆䈪䈲䇮ᢙ⹖䈲䈾䈫䉖䈬න⁛䈪૶䈋䉎䈏䇮ฬ ⹖䉕⋥ធୃ㘼䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䈭䈇䇯㵰৻╩㵱䈫䈲⸒䉒䈭䈇䇮㵰৻ᡰ╩㵱䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷㩷㊂⹖䈲੐‛䉇േ૞䈱㊂䉕⸘䉎න૏䈪䈅䉎䇯㊂⹖䈲 න⁛䈪૶䈋䈭䈇䈣䈔䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮ฬ⹖䉕⋥ធୃ㘼䈜䉎䈖䈫䉅䈪䈐䈭䈇䇯ᢙ⹖䉇ᜰ␜ઍฬ⹖䈅䉎䈇䈲⇼໧⹖ 䈫⚿ว䈭䈏䉌૶䉒䉏䉎䇯㵰୘ቇ↢㵱䈫䈲⸒䉒䈭䈇䇮ᔅ 䈝䇸ᢙ⹖䋫㊂⹖䇹䈱ᒻ䈪㵰৻୘ቇ↢㵱䈫⸒䉒䈭䈔䉏䈳䈭䉌䈭䈇䇯㩷㩷 ᥉ㅢ䈲ᢙ⹖䈫㊂⹖䉕⚵ว䈞䈩䇸ᢙ㊂⹖䇹䈫䈚䈩૶䈉䇯 ଀䈋䈳䇮㵰৻୘㵱㵰ਃ൮㵱㵰੖ᡰ㵱䈭䈬䇯෩ኒ䈮⸒䈉䈫䇮 ᢙ㊂⹖䈲ຠ⹖䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮䈅䈒䉁䈪䉅ᢙ⹖䈫㊂⹖䈱ㅪ ⺆䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷㩷䈚䈢䈏䈦䈩䇮ਛ࿖⺆ᢥᴺ䈪⸒䈉䇸ᢙ㊂⹖䇹䈲⌀䈱ᢙ ㊂⹖䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮䇸ᢙ⹖䋫㊂⹖䇹䈫䇸ᜰ␜ઍฬ⹖䋫㊂ ⹖䇹䈱ㅪ⺆᭴ㅧ䈫䈇䈉䈖䈫䈮䈭䉎䇯㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䈫ห䈛䈒䇮ᢙ㊂⹖䈲ฬ⹖䉕ୃ㘼႐ว䇮ᢥ⣂ 䈮䉋䈦䈩䈲䇮䈠䈱ฬ⹖䈱ઍ䉒䉍䈫䈚䈩૶䉒䉏䉎䇯଀䈋䈳䋺㩷㩷㵰ᚒ᦭ਔบ㔚⣖䋬৻บ᡼࿷౏ม䋬৻บ᡼࿷ኅ ⵣ䇯㵱䋨䇸௢䈲䉮䊮䊏䊠䊷䉺䊷䉕䋲บᜬ䈦䈩䈇䉎䇯䋱บ䈲 ળ␠䈮⟎䈇䈩䈅䉍䇮䋱บ䈲ኅ䈮䈅䉎䇯䇹䋩㩷㩷 ᢙ㊂⹖䈲ฬ⹖䉕ୃ㘼䈜䉎ᤨ䇮೙㒢䈏䈎䈭䉍䈅䉎䇯䈜䈼䈩䈱ฬ⹖䈮ㆡ↪䈪䈐䉎㊂⹖䈏ሽ࿷䈚䈭䈇䇮䈠䉏䈡䉏䈱ฬ⹖䈮ኻ䈚䈩䇮䈠䉏䈡䉏䈱ኾ↪䈭㊂⹖䈏䈅䉎䇯䈚䈎䈚䇮੹䉁䈪䈱ᯏ᪾⠡⸶䉲䉴䊁䊛䈲䇸ᜰ␜ઍฬ⹖ 䋫ฬ⹖䇹䇸ᢙ⹖䋫䈱䋫ฬ⹖䇹䈫䈇䈉᭴ㅧ䉕ᜬ䈧ᣣᧄ⺆䈱ฬ⹖ฏ䉕ਛ࿖⺆䈮⠡⸶䈜䉎ᤨ䇮䈾䈫䉖䈬㵰୘㵱䈫䈇䈉㊂⹖䉕૶䈦䈩䇮⠡⸶䉕ⴕ䈦䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷㩷䈖䈱໧㗴䈮䈧䈇䈩੹䈱᳢↪䈭㊂⹖䇸୘䇹䈮ઍ䉒䈦䈩䇮৻䈧䈱ฬ⹖䈮䋱䈧䈱㊂⹖䈫䈇䈉ዻᕈ䉕䈧䈔䉎䇯㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䋺㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ᜰ␜ઍฬ⹖䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷㩷 ਛ࿖⺆䋺㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ᜰ␜ઍฬ⹖䋾䋼ኾ↪㊂⹖䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䋺㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ᢙ⹖䋾䋼䈱䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷. −42−.

(3) 㩷 ਛ࿖⺆䋺㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ᢙ⹖䋾䋼ኾ↪㊂⹖䋾䋼ฬ⹖ 䋾㩷㩷㩷 ઁ䈱䇸䈅䉏䇹䇸䈖䉏䇹䈮䉅㊂⹖䈏䈇䉎䈫䈐䉅䈅䉎䋺㩷㩷㩷㩷㸇䇮䋨䊁䊧䊎䉕ᜰ䈚䈩䋩䈖䉏䈲䉦䊤䊷䈣䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 บᤚᓀ⦡⊛䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㸈䇮䋨⥄ォゞ䉕ᜰ䈚䈩䋩䈠䉏䈏᛬䉍䈢䈢䉂ᑼ䈣䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷㇊ ᤚ᛬ชᑼ䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㸉䇮䋨ᢎ⑼ᦠ䉕ᜰ䈚䈩䋩䈅䉏䈲ಽ䉍䈮䈒䈇䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ᧄਇᅢᙠ䇯㩷㩷. 䋴䋮ਛ࿖⺆䈮䈍䈔䉎䇸⊛䇹䈱ᓎഀ㩷㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ᒻኈ⹖䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ᒻኈേ⹖䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷㩷㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼ฬ⹖䋾䋼䈱䋾䋼ฬ⹖䋾㩷㩷㩷 ৻⇟⋡䈫ੑ⇟⋡䈱ᒻኈ⹖䈫ᒻኈേ⹖䉕฽䉃ฬ⹖ ฏ䈱႐ว䈮䈲䇮ᣣᧄ⺆䈪䈲ᒻኈ⹖䈫ᒻኈേ⹖䉕ฬ ⹖䈱⋥೨䈮⟎䈇䈩ฬ⹖䉕ୃ㘼䈜䉎䇯ਛ࿖⺆䈪䈲ታ 㓙䈮䈅䉎ᒻኈ⹖䉕ᣣᧄ⺆䈫ห䈛䉋䈉䈮ฬ⹖䈱⋥೨䈮 ⟎䈇䈩ฬ⹖䉕ୃ㘼䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉎䈏䇮᦭䉎ᒻኈ⹖ 䈲ฬ⹖䉕ୃ㘼䈜䉎ᤨ䇮ᔅ䈝ᒻኈ⹖䈱ᓟ䉐䈮䇸⊛䇹䈫䈇䈉ഥ⹖䉕ઃ䈔䈩䇮ฬ⹖䉕ୃ㘼䈜䉎䇯㩷㩷 ਃ⇟⋡䈲䋺㩷䋼ฬ⹖ฏ䋾㺲䋽䋼ฬ⹖䋾䋼䈱䋾䋼ฬ ⹖䋾㩷䈱႐ว䈲䈬䈱䉋䈉䈭䇸䈱䇹䉕㵰⊛㵱䈮⸶䈚䈩䈲䈇䈔䈭䈇䈣䉐䈉䈎䇯㵰⊛㵱䈮⸶䈞䈭䈇䇸䈱䇹䈲એਅ䈱ㅢ䉍䈪䈅䉎䋺㩷㩷䊶㩷 ᤨ㑆⹖䈫ᤨ㑆⹖䈱㑆䈮䈲㵰⊛㵱䉕૶䉒䈭䈇䋺㩷㩷 ᤨ㑆䈱㑆䈮䈅䉎ធ⛯⺆㵰䈱㵱䈱ਛ࿖⺆⸶⺆㵰⊛㵱䈲 ⷐ䉌䈭䈇䇮㵰੹ᣣ䈱ඦᓟ㵱䈲⋥ធ䈮⸶䈜䉏䈳㵰੹ᄤ ⊛ਅඦ㵱䈪䈅䉎䈏䇮ታ㓙䈲㵰੹ᄤਅඦ㵱䈪䉋䈇䈱䈪䈅䉎䇯䈧䉁䉍䇮䇸䈱䇹䉕⸶䈘䈭䈇䈪⋭⇛䈜䉏䈳䈇䈇䇯ઁ䈱 ⴫⃻䋺㩷㩷㩷㩷 ᧪ᐕ䈱䋳᦬㩷㸢㩷 ᣿ᐕ⊛ 㪊 ᦬㩷㩷㩷 ੹ᣣ䈱ᱜඦ㩷㸢㩷 ੹ᄤਛඦ㩷㩷㩷 ᤓᣣ䈱䋳ᤨ㩷㸢㩷 ᤓᄤ 㪊 ὐ㩷㩷㩷 ․䈮䍀ᦺ䍁䍀᥅䍁䍀ඦ೨䍁䇸ඦᓟ䇹䇸ᤨ㑆䇹䈫䈇䈦䈢න⺆䈱 ೨䈱䇸䈱䇹䈲㵰⊛㵱㩷䈫⸶䈘䈭䈇䈪䇮⋭⇛䈚䈩䈇䈇䇯㩷㩷䊶㩷 ᢙ㊂⹖䈫ฬ⹖䈱㑆䈮䈲㵰⊛㵱䉕૶䉒䈭䈇䋺㩷㩷䇸䋱䈧䈱᪸䇹䇸䋲ᧄ䈱▰䇹䈲㵰৻ด⊛᪸㵱㵰㪌 ෺⊛▊ሶ㵱䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮㵰৻ด᪸㵱㵰㪌 ෺▊ሶ㵱䈪䈅䉎䇯䇸ᤨ㑆⹖䇹䈱 ႐ว䈫ห䈛䇮⸶䈘䈭䈇䈪⋭⇛䈜䉏䈳䈇䈇䇯ઁ䈱⴫ ⃻䋺㩷㩷㩷㩷䋱⿷䈱㕦ਅ㩷㸢㩷 ৻᫯ 㩷㩷㩷㩷䋲䈧䈱ᤋ↹㩷㸢㩷 ਖ Ⱞ♦㩷㩷㩷㩷䋳ᨎ䈱䉲䊞䉿㩷㸢㩷 ਃ ␿㩷㩷. 䋵䋮䉰ᄌേ⹖䈫േ⹖ฏ㩷㩷䋼䉰ⴕേ⹖䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼䌾䈜䉎䋾㫓䋼䌾䉕䈜䉎䋾㩷. 㩷⺋䈦䈢⸶ᢥ䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䈢ේ࿃䉕⊒⷗䈜䉎䈢䉄䈮䇮એ ਅ䈱଀ኻ䈮䈧䈇䈩⠨ኤ䈚䈢䋺㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷 ਛ࿖⺆㩷㩷㵻ળ⼏䈪⊒⸒䈜䉎㩷㩷㩷䂾࿷ળ ਄ ⸒䋨⥄ὼ䈭⸶ ᢥ䋩㩷㩷㵻ળ⼏䈪⊒⸒䉕䈜䉎㩷㩷㪖࿷ળ ਄஖ ⸒㩷㩷㩷㵻ᄥᐔᵗ䉕⥶ᶏ䈜䉎㩷㩷䂾࿷ᄥᐔᵗ⥶ᶏ䋨⥄ὼ䈭⸶ ᢥ䋩㩷㩷㵻ᄥᐔᵗ⥶ᶏ䉕䈜䉎㩷㩷㪖஖ᄥᐔᵗ⥶ᶏ㩷㩷㩷 ଀ᢥ䈏␜䈜䉋䈉䈮䇮ᣣᧄ⺆ේᢥ䈪䈲ห䈛ᗧ๧䈱ᢥ 䈪䈅䉎䈏䇮ഥ⹖䇸䉕䇹䉕ട䈋䉎䈎䈬䈉䈎䈮䉋䈦䈩䇮㆑䈉 ਛ࿖⺆⸶ᢥ䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䈩䈇䈢䇯䈠䈚䈩䇮ഥ⹖䇸䉕䇹䉕ട 䈋䈭䈇ᣣᧄ⺆ේᢥ䈲⥄ὼ䈭ਛ࿖⺆⠡⸶⚿ᨐ䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䈢䇯㩷㩷䈖䉏䈲䇮ᣣᧄ⺆䈱䉰ᄌേ⹖䈱ᦠ䈐ᣇ䈱㆑䈇䈮ේ࿃ 䈏䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䉌䉏䉎䇯䇸䈜䉎䇹䈱⋥ធ⊛䈭ਛ࿖⸶⺆䈲㵰஖㵱䈫䈇䈉േ⹖䈪䈅䉎䇯䈚䈎䈚䇮䇸䈜䉎䇹䈲䉰ᄌേ⹖䈫䈚䈩૶䉒䉏䉎႐ว䇮㩷䈠䈱⥄ὼ䈭ਛ࿖⺆⸶ᢥ䈫䈲䇮䇸䈜䉎䇹䉕ήⷞ䈚䈩䇮೨䈱ฬ⹖䈣䈔䇮⠡⸶䈚䈢䉌䈇䈇䈱䈪䈅䉎䇯䈚䈢䈏䈦䈩䇮ਛ࿖⺆䈮⠡⸶䈜䉎䈫䈐䇮䇸⥶ ᶏ䈜䉎䇹䈱႐ว䇮㩷㵰஖⥶ᶏ㵱䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮㵰⥶ᶏ㵱㩷䈣䈔䈪䉋䈒䇮䇸⺞ᩏ䈜䉎䇹䈲㵰஖ 㵱䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮㵰㵱㩷䈣䈔䈪䉋䈇䈱䈪䈅䉎䇯਄䈱଀䈱␜䈜䈫䈍䉍䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷㩷䈠䈱⸃᳿ᣇᴺ䈫䈲䇮ᣣᧄ⺆ේᢥ䈮ኻ䈚䈩䇮᭴ᢥ⊛ 䈮ᦠ䈐឵䈋䉎䈖䈫䉕ⴕ䈉䋺㩷㩷 ᦠ䈐឵䈋೨䋺䋼䉰ⴕേ⹖䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼䌾䉕䈜䉎䋾㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㸣㩷㩷 ᦠ䈐឵䈋ᓟ䋺䋼䉰ⴕേ⹖䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼䌾䈜䉎䋾㩷㩷㩷. 䋶䋮ਔ⸒⺆䈱⵬⺆䈱㆑䈉ᓎഀ㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷㵺䋼ᢙ⹖䋾䋼േ⹖䋾㩷㵺㩷㩷㩷䈖䈱໧㗴䉕⺑᣿䈜䉎೨䈮䇮䉁䈝䇮ਛ࿖⺆䈫ᣣᧄ⺆䈱ᢥ䈱ኻᔕ䈮䈧䈇䈩◲න䈮⺑᣿䈜䉎ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䇯㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆ේᢥ㧦㩷㩷 ㅪ૕ୃ㘼⺆ ਥ⺆ ⵬⺆ ㅪ↪ୃ㘼⺆ ⋡⊛⺆ ㅀ⺆㩷㩷 ⑳ߩ ᆂߪ ৻ᐕ㑆 ਛ࿖ߢ ਛ࿖⺆ࠍ ቇࠎߛ 㩷㩷 ਛ࿖⺆⸶ᢥ㧦㩷㩷 ㅪ૕ୃ㘼⺆ ਥ⺆ ㅪ↪ୃ㘼⺆ ㅀ⺆ ⵬⺆ ⋡⊛⺆㩷㩷 . −43−. p–4 . . 4 ‚. . p–4.

(4) ᣣᧄ⺆䈱ේᢥ䇸⑳䈱ᆂ䈲ਛ࿖䈪৻ᐕ㑆ਛ࿖⺆㩷䉕䉖䈣䇹䉕ਛ࿖⺆䈮⠡⸶䈜䉎䈫䇮䇸৻ᐕ㑆䇹䈲⵬⺆䈫䈚䈩⠡⸶䈘䉏䈢䇯䈖䈱⵬⺆䈲⋡⊛⺆䇸ਛᢥ䇹䈱⵬⺆䈪䈭䈒䈩䇮ㅀ⺆䇸ቇ⠌ੌ䇹䈱⵬⺆䈪䈅䉎䇯ਛ࿖⺆䈪䈲 ⊛⺆䈱೨䈮⟎䈎䈭䈔䉏䈳䈭䉌䈭䈇䇯㩷㩷㩷 ᰴ䈱⸶ᢥ䈲ᤨ㑆㊂⹖䈫⋡⊛⺆䈱૏⟎䈮䉋䈦䈩䇮⃻ 䉏䈢⺋䉍䈪䈅䉎䋺㩷㩷㩷㸇䇮ᓐ䈲ᄢ䈐䈇ᨋ᯦䉕੖䈧⾈䈦䈢䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪖㩷 ઁ ੌᄢ⊛⧼ᨐ੖ਙ䇯㩷㩷㩷㸈䇮ᤓᣣ䋱ᤨ㑆䊁䊧䊎䉕⷗䈢䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪖㩷 ⋴ੌ ᤓᄤ 㪈 ዊ 䇯㩷㩷㩷㸉䇮⚕䉕䋱ᨎᜬ䈦䈩䈐䈩䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪖㩷 ᜫ᧪ 㪈䇯㩷㩷㩷㸊䇮ᓐ䈲ᤓᣣ䉰䉾䉦䊷䉕䋲ᤨ㑆䈚䈢䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪖㩷 ઁᤓᄤ〹ੌ⿷⃿ 㪉 ዊ 䇯㩷㩷㩷㸋䇮⑳䈲ਛ࿖⺆䉕䋲ᐕ㑆ീᒝ䈚䈢䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪖㩷 ᚒቇ ੌਛᢥ 㪉 ᐕ䇯㩷㩷 એ਄䈱⺋ᢥ䉕⋥䈜䈫એਅ䈱䉋䈉䈮䈭䉎䋺㩷㩷㩷㸇䇮ᓐ䈲ᄢ䈐䈇ᨋ᯦䉕੖䈧⾈䈦䈢䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ઁ ੌ੖ਙᄢ⧼ᨐ䇯㩷㩷㩷㸈䇮ᤓᣣ䋱ᤨ㑆䊁䊧䊎䉕⷗䈢䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ᤓᄤᚒ⋴ੌ৻ਙዊ 䇯㩷㩷㩷㸉䇮⚕䉕䋱ᨎᜬ䈦䈩䈐䈩䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ᜫ᧪ 㪈䇯㩷㩷㩷㸊䇮ᓐ䈲ᤓᣣ䉰䉾䉦䊷䉕䋲ᤨ㑆䈚䈢䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ઁᤓᄤ〹ੌਖਙዊ ⿷⃿䇯㩷㩷㩷㸋䇮⑳䈲ਛ࿖⺆䉕䋲ᐕ㑆ീᒝ䈚䈢䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ᚒቇ ੌਖᐕ 䇯㩷㩷. 䋷䋮ਛ࿖⺆䈱䇸ㇺ䇹䈱ᓎഀ㩷㩷 ਛ࿖⺆䈪䈲ⶄᢙ䈱‛䉇ੱ䈏ห䈛⁁ᴫ䇮ห䈛േ૞䉕 ⴕ䈉႐ว䇮䈠䈱⁁ᴫ䉇േ૞䈱೨䈮㵰ㇺ㵱䉕૶䉒䈭䈔䉏䈳䈭䉌䈭䈇䇯଀䈋䈳䋺㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㸇䇮ᤓᄤ๺੹ᄤㇺ ೔ੌ䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷 ᤓᣣ䉅੹ᣣ䉅ㆃೞ䈚䈢䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㸈䇮ਛ࿖⩿๺ᣣᧄ⩿ㇺᅢล䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䉮䊷䊍䊷䉅⚃⨥䉅䈍䈇䈚䈇䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷㗫ᐲ䉕฽䉃ᢥ㩷㩷㩷 ઁ䈮䇮ᣣᧄ⺆ේᢥ䈱ਛ䈮䈲䇸䉂䈭䇮䈜䈼䈩䇮౒䈮䇹䈏䈭䈒䈩䉅䇮ਛ࿖⺆⸶ᢥ䈮㵰ㇺ㵱䉕ઃ䈔䉎ᔅⷐ䈭႐ว 䈏䈅䉎䇯ౕ૕⊛䈮䈇䈋䈳䇮㵰Ფᄤ䇮Ფᤊᦼ䇮Ფᐕ䇮Ფ ᰴ㵱䈭䈬䈏฽䉁䉏䉎ᢥ䈪䈅䉎䋺㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㸇䇮వ↢䈲Ფᐕᶏᄖᣏⴕ䈻ⴕ䈐䉁䈜䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋿㩷 ⠧ ᐕ෰ᶏᄖᣏⴕ䇯䋨ਇ⥄ὼ䋩㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ⠧ ᐕㇺ෰ᶏᄖᣏⴕ䇯䋨⥄ὼ䋩㩷. 㩷㩷㩷㸈䇮᧘䈘䉖䈲Ფㅳㇱደ䈱᝹㒰䉕䈜䉎䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋿㩷 ዊ᧘ ๟ᛂ ᚱ 䇯䋨ਇ⥄ὼ䋩㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ዊ᧘ ๟ㇺᛂ ᚱ 䇯䋨⥄ὼ䋩㩷㩷㩷 એ਄䈱଀䉕⷗䈩ಽ䈎䉎䉋䈉䈮䇮ቯᦼ⊛䈭䈖䈫䉕ᒝ⺞䈜䉎䈫䈐䇮㵰ㇺ㵱䉕ᔓ䉏䉌䉏䈭䈇䇯䈢䈣䈚䇮⾰໧ᢥ䈮㵰ㇺ㵱䈲ᔅⷐ䈏䈭䈇䇯଀䈋䈳䇮㵰Ფ᦬૗࿁㆙⿷䈚䉁䈜䈎䇯㵱䋨ૢ ᦬෰ಟᰴ㇠᷿䋿䋩䈪චಽ䈪䇮㵰ૢ ᦬ㇺ ෰ಟᰴ㇠᷿䋿㵱䈫䈲⸒䈋䈭䈇䇯㩷㩷㩷. 䋸䋮ห䈛ᢥဳ䈱㆑䈉⴫⃻㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㩷㺲䋽㩷䋼㵺䈲䋾䋼ᒻኈ⹖䋾㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䈪ᒻኈ⹖䈲ㅀ⺆䈫䈚䈩䉋䈒න⁛䈪૶䉒䉏䉎䇮 ਛ࿖⺆䈪䈲ᒻኈ⹖䉅ㅀ⺆䈫䈚䈩૶䉒䉏䉎䈏䇮䈾䈫䉖䈬䈱႐ว䇮⒟ᐲ೽⹖䈱ୃ㘼䈏ᔅⷐ䈪䈜䇯․ቯ䈱႐ ว䈣䈔න⁛䈪ㅀ⺆䈫䈚䈩૶䈋䉎䋺㩷㩷䊶㩷 ㆬᛯ䈱ኻᲧᢥ䋺ᢥ䈱೨ᓟ䈮䋲䈧䈱੐ᖱ䈮ኻ䈚䈩 ᱜ෻ኻ䈱ᗧ๧䉕಴䈚䇮ኻᲧ䈜䉎႐ว䋺㩷㩷㩷㩷㸇䇮ᴕṼ 䋬ጊਛ಄䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋨⍾Ṽ䈲ᥤ䈇䇮ጊ䈱ਛ䈲ኙ䈇䇯䋩㩷㩷㩷㸈䇮ㇱ ๺ 䋬⑼ 䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋨ㇱ㐳䈲ఝ䈚䈇䈏䇮⺖㐳䈲෩䈚䈇䋩㩷㩷㩷㸉䇮ᨲᯌ↠䋬⧰ⅶ⧰䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋨Ᵽᨲ䈲↞䈇䇮⧰ⅶ䈲⧰䈇䇯䋩㩷㩷㩷䊶㩷 ╵䈋䈱ᢥ䋺⾰໧ᢥ䈮ኻ䈜䉎╵䈋䉎႐ว䋺㩷㩷㩷㸇䇮㪘㪑㩷 ┢ ᤚ౏࿌ 䋿㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋨㚞䈲㆙䈇䈪䈜䈎䇮䈠䉏䈫䉅౏࿦䈲㆙䈇䈪䈜䈎䇯䋩㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪙㪑㩷 ┢ 䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋨㚞䈲㆙䈇䈪䈜䇯䋩㩷㩷㩷㸈䇮㪘㪑㩷 ૢኅ ᤚઁኅ 䋿㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋨䈍ቛ䈏㆙䈇䈪䈜䈏䇮䈠䉏䈫䉅ᓐ䈱ኅ䈏㆙䈇䈪䈜䈎䇯䋩㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪙㪑㩷 ᚒኅ 䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋨⑳䈱ኅ䈱䈾䈉䈏㆙䈇䈪䈜䇯䋩㩷㩷㩷䊶㩷 Ყ༙䈱ᢥ䋺㩷㩷㩷㸇䇮⌒⌢௝ᄤⓨ৻ 䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋨⌒䈲ⓨ䈱䉋䈉䈮㕍䈇䇯䋩㩷㩷㩷㸈䇮⊹ ௝㔐৻ ⊕䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋨⡼䈲㔐䈱䉋䈉䈮⊕䈇䇯䋩㩷㩷㩷 ኻᲧ䈪䉅䈭䈒䇮╵䈋䈪䉅䈭䈒䇮Ყ༙䈪䉅䈭䈇႐ว䇮න 䈮䈅䉎⋧ᚻ䈮᦭䉎᭽ሶ䉇⁁ᴫ䈮䈧䈇䈩⚫੺䈚䈢䉍䇮⺑᣿䈚䈢䉍䈜䉎႐ว䇮ᒻኈ⹖䈱೨䈮⒟ᐲ೽⹖䉕䈧䈔䉎䇯଀䈋䈳䋺㩷㩷㩷㩷㸇䇮⧎䈲⿒䈇䈪䈜䇯㩷. −44−.

(5) 㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ⧎ᓛ 䇯㩷㩷㩷㸈䇮㔐䈲⊕䈇䈪䈜䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷㔐ᓛ⊕䇯㩷㩷㩷㸉䇮䈖䈱䈍⨥䈲䈍䈇䈚䈇䈪䈜䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ਙ⨥ᓛᅢ༒䇯㩷㩷 ุቯ䈱႐ว䈲ุቯ೽⹖䈱㵰ਇ㵱䉕䈧䈔䉏䈳䇮⒟ᐲ೽ ⹖䈲ᔅⷐ䈭䈇䇯଀䈋䈳䋺㩷㩷㩷㩷㸐䇮䈖䈱᦯䈲✊㤀䈪䈲䈭䈇䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ઙ⴩᦯ਇṫ੫䇯㩷㩷㩷㸑䇮ᓐ䉌䈱ᄢቇ䈲ᐢ䈒䈭䈇䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ઁ ቇᩞਇᄢ䇯㩷㩷㩷㸒䇮䈖䈱䈍⨥䈲䈍䈇䈚䈒䈭䈇䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䂾㩷 ਙ⨥ਇᅢ༒䇯㩷㩷㩷 એ਄䈱䉋䈉䈮䇮ᒻኈ⹖䈏න⁛䈪ㅀ⺆䈮䈭䉏䉎䈱䈲䇮 ኻᲧᢥ䈫╵䈋䈱ᢥ䈣䈔䈪䈅䉎䇯䈠䉏એᄖ䈲೽⹖㵰ᓛ㵱䇮㵰㕖Ᏹ㵱䈫৻✜䈮૶䉒䈭䈔䉏䈳䈭䉌䈭䈇䇯㩷㩷. 䋹䋮ᢥဳ䈱ᦠ䈐឵䈋㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㺲䋽䋼㵺䈲䋾䋼㩷㵺䈏䋾䋼േ⹖น⢻ᒻ䋾㩷㩷䈖䉏䈲ᣣᧄ⺆䈱േ⹖น⢻ᒻ䈮䈧䈇䈩䈱⺋䉍䈪䈅䉎䋺㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷 ਛ࿖⺆㩷㩷㩷 ᓐ䈲⧷⺆䈏⹤䈞䉎㩷䋿ઁ⧷⺆⢻ 䋨ਇ⥄ὼ䈭ᢥ䋩㩷㩷㩷㩷 ᓐ䈲⧷⺆䉕⹤䈞䉎㩷䂾ઁ⢻ ⧷⺆㩷㩷㩷㩷 ⑳䈲ਛ࿖⺆䈱ᣂ⡞䈏⺒䉄䉎㩷䋿ᚒਛᢥ⊛ ⢻ 䋨ਇ⥄ὼ䈭ᢥ䋩㩷㩷㩷㩷 ⑳䈲ਛ࿖⺆䈱ᣂ⡞䉕⺒䉄䉎㩷㩷䂾ᚒ⢻ ਛᢥ⊛ 㩷㩷㩷㩷䈅䈭䈢䈲䈍㈬䈏㘶䉄䉁䈜䈎㩷䋿ૢ㈬⢻༒ 䋨ਇ ⥄ὼ䈭ᢥ䋩㩷㩷㩷䈅䈭䈢䈲䈍㈬䉕㘶䉄䉁䈜䈎㩷䂾ૢ⢻༒㈬㩷㩷㩷㩷 ᓐ䈲ᣣᧄ⺆䈪ᚻ⚕䈏ᦠ䈔䉎㩷䋿ઁ↪ᣣ ା⢻౮ 䋨ਇ⥄ὼ䈭ᢥ䋩㩷㩷㩷 ᓐ䈲ᣣᧄ⺆䈪ᚻ⚕䉕ᦠ䈔䉎㩷䂾ઁ↪ᣣ ⢻౮ା㩷㩷㩷 ଀ᢥ䉕⷗䉏䈳ಽ䈎䉎䉋䈉䈮䇮Ꮐ஥䈱ੑ䈧䈱ᣣᧄ⺆ ේᢥ䈲㆑䈉ഥ⹖䉕૶䈦䈩䈇䉎䈏䇮ᗧ๧䈲ห䈛䈪䈅䉎䇯䈚䈎䈚⠡⸶䈘䉏䉎䈫䇮䈠䉏䈡䉏㆑䈉ਛ࿖⺆⸶ᢥ䈮䈭䈦䈢䇯ฝ஥䈱⸶ᢥ䈱␜䈜䈫䈍䉍䈪䈅䉎䇯䇸ᓐ䈲⧷⺆䈏⹤ 䈞䉎㩷 ᓐ䈲⧷⺆䉕⹤䈞䉎䇹䈫䈇䈉଀ᢥ䉕⷗䈩䉂䉎䇯ᣣ ᧄᢥේᢥ䈲ഥ⹖䇸䉕䇹䉕૶䈦䈢႐ว䇮䇸⧷⺆䇹䈲⋡⊛ ⺆䈫䈚䈩⹺⼂䈘䉏䇮ᗧ๧䈱ᱜ䈚䈇ਛ࿖⺆⸶ᢥ䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䈢䈏䇮ഥ⹖䇸䈏䇹䈏૶䉒䉏䈢႐ว䇮㩷䇸⧷⺆䇹䈲⋡⊛ ⺆䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮ਥ⺆䈫䈚䈩⹺⼂䈘䉏䈢䇯㩷. 㩷䈖䉏䈲᭴ᢥ᭴ㅧ䉕ᄌ឵䈜䉎႐ว䈮⃻䉏䈢໧㗴䈪䈅䉎䇯䈖䈱໧㗴䈮ኻ䈚䈩䇮䉁䈝䇮ᢥဳ䈱ᦠ䈐឵䈋䉕䈚䈩䈎䉌䇮⠡⸶䉕ⴕ䈉䋺㩷㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㺲䋽䋼㵺䈲䋾䋼㩷㵺䈏䋾䋼േ⹖น⢻ᒻ䋾㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㸣㩷㩷䋼ᢥ䋾㺲䋽䋼㵺䈲䋾䋼㩷㵺䉕䋾䋼േ⹖น⢻ᒻ䋾㩷㩷. 䋱䋰䋮ᣣᧄ⺆㵻ਛ࿖⺆䈱ᢥ⣂⴫⃻਄䈱⋧㆑㩷䋱䋰䋮䋱䋮ਥ⺆䈱ಣℂ䋺㩷㩷㵻⵬⿷䋺㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㪘㪑↰ਛ䈘䉖䇮⺒䉖䈪䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㪘㪑㩷㪲↰ਛ㪴䋬㪲⾆ᣇ㪴㪲⺒䉃㪴㩷㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㪙㪑䈍Უ䈘䉖䇮䈍䈭䈎䈏∩䈇䉋䇯㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㪙㪑㩷㪲䈍Უ䈘䉖㪴䋬㪲⑳㪴㪲䈍⣻㪴㪲∩䈇㪴㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䈲ਥ⺆䉕⋭⇛䈜䉎䈱䈏᥉ㅢ䈪䈅䉎䈏䇮ਛ࿖ ⺆䈪䈲ਥ⺆䈏䈾䈫䉖䈬⋭⇛䈘䉏䈭䈇䇯䈠䈱ේ࿃䈱৻ 䈧䈲ਛ࿖⺆䈱ฬ⹖䈲ᣣᧄ⺆䈱䉋䈉䈮⸒䈇ಽ䈔䉎䈖䈫䉕䈚䈭䈇䈎䉌䈪䈅䉎䇯଀䈋䈳䇮㵰ᚒᇻᇻ㿽ૢᇻᇻ㵱䋨Უ 㿽䈍Უ䈘䉖䋩䇮㵰ᚒਂᄦ㿽ૢਂᄦ㵱䋨ਥੱ㿽䈗ਥੱ䋩䇯䉅䈉৻䈧䈱ේ࿃䈲ਛ࿖⺆䈱േ⹖䈲䇮ᣣᧄ⺆䈱䇸๮ ઎䇹䍀൘⺃䍁䍀⻞㆖䍁䍀ৼካ䍁䈭䈬䈱䉋䈉䈭ᒻ䈱ᄌൻ䈏䈭䈒䇮䈠䈱ᓎഀ䉕ਥ⺆䈏䈲䈢䈚䈩䈇䉎䈱䈪䈅䉎䇯଀䈋䈳䇮㵰ᚒ஖ู㿽ૢ஖ู㵱䋨䉇䉍䉁䈚䉊䈉㿽䉇䈦䈩䈒䈣䈘䈇䋩㵰ᚒᜫู㿽ૢᜫู㵱䋨䈍ᜬ䈤䈚䉁䈚䉊䈉㿽䈍ᜬ䈤䈮䈭䈦䈩䈒䈣䈘䈇䋩䇯એ਄䈱䉋䈉䈮䇮ਛ࿖⺆䈲ਥ⺆䈱ሽ࿷ 䈏㕖Ᏹ䈮ᄢಾ䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷㩷䊶㩷㊀ⶄ㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㪘㪈㪑㩷㪲₺䈘䉖㪴䈲䈬䈖䈮䈇䉎䈱䈪䈜䈎䇯㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㪘㪈㪑㩷㪲₺䈘䉖㪴㩷㪲䈇䉎㪴㩷㪲䈬䈖㪴㩷㩷㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㪘㪉㪑ᢎቶ䈪䈜䇯㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㪘㪉䋺㪲ᓐ㪴㩷㪲䈇䉎㪴㩷㪲ᢎቶ㪴䇯㩷㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㪙㪈㪑㩷㪲Უ㪴䈲⾥ᚑ䈚䈭䈇䉋䇯㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㪙㪈㪑㩷㪲⑳Უ㪴䈭䈇⾥ᚑ㩷㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㪙㪉㪑䉅䈦䈫㪲䈍Უ䈘䉖㪴䉕⺑ᓧ䈚䈢䉌䇯㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㪙㪉䋺㪲⾆ᣇ㪴㩷㪲䉅䈦䈫㪴㩷㪲⺑ᓧ㪴㩷㪲ᓐᅚ㪴㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䈪䈲䇸䈅䈭䈢䇹䇸ำ䇹䍀ᓐ䍁䍀ᓐᅚ䍁䈭䈬䈱ੱ⒓ ઍฬ⹖䈏䈅䉁䉍૶䉒䉏䈭䈇䇮․䈮䇸ᓐ䇹䇸ᓐᅚ䇹䈲․ ೎䈱႐ว䉕㒰䈇䈩䈾䈫䉖䈬૶䉒䈭䈇䇯䉁䈢䇮ᣣᧄ⺆䈪䈲䇮૗ᐲ➅䉍㄰䈜႐ว䈪䉅䇮䈠䈱ㇺᐲฬ೨䉇りಽ 䉕⸒䈉䈖䈫䈏ᄙ䈇䈏䇮ਛ࿖⺆䈪䈲ฬ೨䈏৻ᐲ಴䉏䈳䇮. −45−.

(6) 䈠䈱ᓟ䈱ᢥ䈮ઍฬ⹖䉕૶䈋䈳䉋䈇䇯⋡਄䈱ੱ䈮ኻ䈚䈩䉅ห䈛䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷㩷. 䋱䋰䋮䋲䋮ᴺᖱႎ䋺㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䈱ᢥ᭴ㅧ䈲䇮ᩰᢥᴺ䈪േ⹖䈮䈧䈇䈩⦡䇱 ᴺᖱႎ䈏ઃട䈘䉏䉎䇯䈠䉏䉌䈲䇮⋧ᖱႎ䇮䊝䊷䊄ᖱ ႎ䇮䈍䉋䈶ᤨ೙ᖱႎ䈎䉌䈭䉎䇯㩷㩷 ᴺᖱႎ䈮䈧䈇䈩䈱ᣣᧄ⺆䈱଀ᢥ䈫ਛ࿖⺆䈱ኻᔕ 㑐ଥ䉕⷗䈩䉂䉎䋺㩷㩷䊶㩷 ⋧ᖱႎ䋺䋨૶ᓎ䈫ฃり䋩㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䈪䈲䇮น⢻䇮ฃり䇮૶ᓎ䇮ᤨ೙䈭䈬䈱ᴺᖱ ႎ䉕⴫⃻䈜䉎ᤨ䇮ഥേ⹖䇸䈪䈐䉎䇹䇸䈘䉏䉎䇹䇸䈘䈞䉎䇹䈭䈬䈱ഥേ⹖䉕↪䈇䈩⴫䈜䇯ਛ࿖⺆䈪䈲ᣣᧄ⺆䈱䉋䈉䈮േ⹖䈱ᵴ↪䈏䈭䈇䈏䇮䈖䉏䉌䈱ᴺᖱႎ䉕⴫⃻ 䈜䉎䈢䉄䈮䇮േ⹖䈱೨ᓟ䈮䇮䉁䈢䈲䇮ᢥᧃ䈮⇣䈭䉎䇸න⺆䇹䉕ട䈋䈩⴫䈜䇯㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㪘㪑㩷 ኅ䈏㪲὾䈎䉏䈢䈢㪴䇯㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㪘㪑㩷㪲ኅ㪴㪲䈘䉏䈢㪴㪲὾䈒㪴㩷㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㪙㪑㩷 ௢䈱⥄ォゞ䈏㪲⋑䉁䉏䈢㪴䇯㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㪙㪑㩷㪲௢䈱⥄ォゞ㪴㪲䈘䉏䈢㪴㪲⋑䉃㪴㩷㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㪚㪑㩷 ῳ䈲௢䈮㈬䉕⾈䈇䈮㪲ⴕ䈎䈞䈢㪴䇯㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㪚㪑㩷㪲ῳ㪴㪲䈘䈞䉎㪴㪲௢㪴㪲ⴕ䈒㪴㪲⾈䈉㪴㪲㈬㪴㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䈱⋧ᖱႎ䇸䈘䉏䉎䇹䇮䇸䈘䈞䉎䇹䉕ਛ࿖⺆䈮⸶ 䈜䉎႐ว䋺േ⹖䈱೨䈮⋧ᒰ䈜䉎ਛ࿖⺆䈱䇸䈘䉏䉎䇹䇸䈘䈞䉎䇹䉕⟎䇯㩷㩷㩷䊶㩷䊝䊷䊄ᖱႎ䋨䈩䉂䉎䇮䈧䉅䉍䈣䋩㩷㩷㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㩷㩷㩷㘩䈼䈩䉂䉎䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋼േ⹖䋾䋫䈩䉂䉎㩷㸢㩷䋼േ⹖䋾䋫䈩䉂䉎㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷 ᣿ᣣⴕ䈒䈧䉅䉍䈣䇯㩷㩷㩷㩷䋼േ⹖䋾䋫䈧䉅䉍䈣㩷㸢㩷䈧䉅䉍䋫䋼േ⹖䋾㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䈱䊝䊷䊄ᖱႎ䇸䈩䉂䉎䇹䉕ਛ࿖⺆䈮⸶䈜႐ ว䋺േ⹖䈱ᓟ䉐䈮⋧ᒰ䈜䉎ਛ࿖⺆䈱䇸䈩䉂䉎䇹䉕⟎䈒䇮䇸䈧䉅䉍䈣䇹䈱႐ว䋺േ⹖䈱೨䈮⋧ᒰ䈜䉎ਛ࿖⺆䈱䇸䈧䉅䉍䇹䉕⟎䈐឵䈋䉎䇯㩷㩷㩷䊶㩷 ᤨ೙ᖱႎ䋨䈢䋩㩷㩷㩷㩷䋼ᣣᧄ⺆䋾㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋼ਛ࿖⺆䋾㩷㩷㩷㪘㪈㪑㩷 ᤓᣣ૗䉕⾈䈦䈢䇯㩷㸢㩷 ᤓᣣ㩷⾈䈉㩷䈢㩷 ૗㩷㩷㩷㪘㪉㪑㩷䉦䊜䊤䉕⾈䈦䈢䇯㩷㸢㩷⾈䈉㩷䈢㩷䉦䊜䊤㩷. 㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䋼േ⹖䈱ㆊ෰ᒻ䋾㩷㸢㩷䋼േ⹖䋾䋫䈢㩷㩷㩷 ᣣᧄ⺆䈱ᤨ೙ᖱႎ䇸䈢䇹䈲േ⹖䈱ㆊ෰ᒻ䈪䈅䉎䇯 ਛ࿖⺆䈮⸶䈜䈫䈐䇮േ⹖䈱ᓟ䉐䈮ㆊ෰ᒻ䉕⴫䈜න ⺆䉕⟎䈒䇯㩷㩷. 䋱䋱㪅㩷䉃䈜䈶㩷㩷 ೨ㅀ䈚䈢⸃᳿ᣇᴺ䈮ၮ䈨䈐䇮᧦ઙઃ䈐䈱⠡⸶䊌䉺䊷䊮䉕૞ᚑ䈚䇮ᣣᧄ⺆䈎䉌ਛ࿖⺆䈻䈱ታ㛎䉲䉴䊁䊛䉕᭴▽䈚䈢䇯䈠䈱䉲䉴䊁䊛䈲ਛ࿖⺆䈱ᢥ᭴ᚑ⚛㑆䈮䈅䉎೙⚂㑐ଥ䉕೑↪䈚䈩䇮◲න䈭଀ᢥ䉕⸃ᨆ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏น⢻䈮䈭䈦䈢䇯㩷䈖䉏䈎䉌䇮ᧄ⺰ᢥ䈪ㅀ䈼䈢ᢥ᭴ᚑ⚛䈱೙⚂㑐ଥ 䈱䉂䈭䉌䈝䇮ᢥ⣂⊛䈭೙⚂䉅฽䉄䇮ઁ䈱⴫␜䊧䊔䊦䈫ᄌ឵ⷙೣ䉕ᢛ஻䈚䇮䈠䉏䈮ၮ䈨䈇䈩䈱⸒⺆䊝䊂䊦䈫䉲䉴䊁䊛䊝䊂䊦䈱᭴▽䈲੹ᓟ䈱⺖㗴䈫䈭䉎䇯㩷 . ෳ⠨ᢥ₂㩷㪈㪴㩷㪚㪿㫌㫄㫇㪿㫆㫃㩷㪢㫉㫆㫆㫋㫂㪸㪼㫎㪃㩷㪟㫀㪻㪼㫋㫆㫊㪿㫀㩷㪥㪸㪾㪸㫀㪃㩷㪫㪼㫀㪾㫆㩷㪥㪸㫂㪸㫄㫌㫉㪸㪃㩷㪟㫀㫉㫆㫊㪸㫋㫆㩷㪥㫆㫄㫌㫉㪸㪑㩷㵰㪫㫆㫎㪸㫉㪻㫊㩷㪤㪸㪺㪿㫀㫅㪼㩷㪫㫉㪸㫅㫊㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫌㫊㫀㫅㪾㩷㪚㫉㫆㫊㫊㪄㫃㪸㫅㪾㫌㪸㪾㪼㩷㪠㫅㪽㫆㫉㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㵱㪃㩷㪧㫉㫆㪺㪅㩷㫆㪽㩷㪠㫅㫋㪼㫉㫅㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪸㫃㩷㪚㫆㫅㪽㪼㫉㪼㫅㪺㪼㩷㫆㫅㩷㪤㪸㪺㪿㫀㫅㪼㩷㪫㫉㪸㫅㫊㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㩽㩷㪚㫆㫄㫇㫌㫋㪼㫉㩷㪣㪸㫅㪾㫌㪸㪾㪼㩷㪠㫅㪽㫆㫉㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪧㫉㫆㪺㪼㫊㫊㫀㫅㪾䇮㫇㫇㪏㪇㪄㪏㪋㪃㩷㪈㪐㪐㪐㩷㪉㪴㩷㪚㪿㫌㫄㫇㪿㫆㫃㩷㪢㫉㫆㫆㫋㫂㪸㪼㫎㪃㩷㪟㫀㪻㪼㫋㫆㫊㪿㫀㩷㪥㪸㪾㪸㫀㪃㩷㪫㪼㫀㪾㫆㩷㪥㪸㫂㪸㫄㫌㫉㪸㪃㩷㪟㫀㫉㫆㫊㪸㫋㫆㩷㪥㫆㫄㫌㫉㪸㪑㩷㵰㪫㫉㪸㫅㫊㪽㪼㫉㫉㫀㫅㪾㩷㪧㪸㫋㫋㪼㫉㫅㫊㩷㪙㪸㫊㪼㪻㩷㪡㪸㫇㪸㫅㪼㫊㪼㩷㫋㫆㩷㪫㪿㪸㫀㩷㪤㪸㪺㪿㫀㫅㪼㩷㪫㫉㪸㫅㫊㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㵱㪃㩷㪘㪘㪤㪫㩷㪡㫆㫌㫉㫅㪸㫃䇮㪥㫆㪅㪉㪏䇮㫇㫇㪈㪐㪄㪉㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪇㩷㪊㪴㩷㪟㪸㫅㪸㫅㫀㩷㪹㫋㪅㩷㪘㪹㪻㫌㫃㩷㪮㪸㪿㪸㪹㪑㩷㵰㪚㫆㫅㫊㫋㫉㪸㫊㫋㫀㫍㪼㩷㪪㫋㫌㪻㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪡㪸㫇㪸㫅㪼㫊㪼㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪤㪸㫃㪸㫐㩷㪣㪸㫅㪾㫌㪸㪾㪼㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㫀㫋㫊㩷㪘㫇㫇㫃㫀㪺㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫋㫆㩷㪤㪸㪺㪿㫀㫅㪼㩷㪫㫉㪸㫅㫊㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㵱㪃㩷 ᐔᚑ 㪈㪉 ᐕᐲතᬺ⺰ᢥ䇮਻ᎺᎿᬺ ᄢቇ䇮㪉㪇㪇㪈㩷㪋㪴㩷㪤㪸㫅㫌㪼㫃㩷㪤㪼㪻㫀㫅㪸㩷㪞㫆㫅㫑㪸㫃㪼㫑㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪟㫀㫉㫆㫊㪸㫋㫆㩷㪥㫆㫄㫌㫉㪸㪑㩷㵰㪘㩷㪚㫉㫆㫊㫊㪄㪣㫀㫅㪾㫌㪸㫃㩷㪞㫉㪸㫄㫄㪸㫉㩷㪤㫆㪻㪼㫃㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㫀㫋㫊㩷㪘㫇㫇㫃㫀㪺㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫋㫆㩷㪡㪸㫇㪸㫅㪼㫊㪼㪄㪪㫇㪸㫅㫀㫊㪿㩷㪤㪸㪺㪿㫀㫅㪼㩷㫋㫉㪸㫅㫊㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㵱㪃㩷 ᖱႎಣℂቇળ⎇ ⓥ ႎ ๔ 䇮㪭㫆㫃㪅㪉㪇㪇㪍䇮㪥㫆㪅㪐㪋䇮 ⥄ ὼ ⸒ ⺆ ಣ ℂ ⎇ ⓥ ળ 䇮㪉㪇㪇㪍㪄㪥㪣㪄㪈㪎㪌䇮㫇㫇㪈㪈㪐㪄㪈㪉㪍㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍㩷㪌㪴㩷㊁᧛㩷 ᶈㇹ䋺㵰⥄ὼ⸒⺆ಣℂ䈱ၮ␆ᛛⴚ㵱䋬㔚ሶᖱႎ ㅢାቇળ䋬䋱䋹䋸䋸䇯㩷㪍㪴㩷 ᄢౝ㩷 ↰ਃ㇢䋺ၮ␆䈎䉌䉋䈒䉒䈎䉎ਛ࿖⺆ᢥᴺෳ⠨ᦠ䇮㛁ᴡบ಴ ␠䇮㪉㪇㪇㪇㩷㪎㪴㩷㩷 ჻ᢥ㪑㩷㵰 ઍ ᴺାᕷ ౖ ⸃㵱䇮ਛ࿖ᷡൻ ᄢቇ಴ ␠㵱䇮㪉㪇㪇㪊㩷㪏㪴㩷ㇳᤐ⾆䋺㵰⺋↪䈎䉌ቇ䈹ਛ࿖⺆㵱䇮⊕Ꮲ␠䇮䋲䋰䋰䋱㩷㩷. −46−.

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