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韓国の地域社会における結婚移住女性の社会適応と支援政策 : 全羅南道の都市と農村における現状分析を中心にして

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(1)

2013 年度(平成 25 年度)

博士論文

韓国の地域社会における結婚移住女性の社会適応と支援政策

――

全羅南道の都市と農村における現状分析を中心にして

――

立命館大学大学院

国際関係研究科国際関係学専攻

馬 兪

(2)

韓国の地域社会における結婚移住女性の社会適応と支援政策

全羅南道の都市と農村における現状分析を中心にして

目次

序章:研究の視点---1

第1節 問題の所在---1

第2節 先行研究の検討と論文の課題---5

第3節 分析視点と研究方法---8

第4節 論文の構成---9

第1章:韓国における結婚移住女性の現状---11

第1節 韓国における国際結婚の背景---11

第2節 地域社会住民の結婚移住女性観---25

第2章:結婚移住女性に対する支援政策---30

第1節 中央政府の支援体制と地域社会における支援の仕組み---31

第2節 多文化家族支援センターの運営実情---38

第3節 サービス施行における支援プロセスの問題---48

第3章:都市と農村間の地域的差異 光州広域市と羅州を事例にして---50

第1節 調査対象地の概要---50

第2節 光州広域市と羅州における結婚移住女性の特色および支援政策---60

第4章:結婚移住女性に対する多文化支援サービスの地域的差異---69

第1節 調査の概要---69

第2節 結婚移住女性の社会人口学的特性---72

第3節 結婚過程および社会関係の関連性---77

第4節 現行支援サービスの限界---90

第5節 結婚移住女性の地域差とニーズにおける現行支援サービスの改善点---97

終章:まとめと展望---103

(3)

参考文献---109

付属資料1:質問調査票---118

付属資料2:単純集計一覧---125

(4)

韓国の地域社会における結婚移住女性の社会適応と支援政策

――全羅南道の都市と農村における現状分析を中心にして――

馬 兪 貞

要約

近年、韓国社会には結婚移住女性が増えており、彼女たちが抱える様々な問題が社

会問題となっている。多文化家族の適応を目的とし、韓国政府は

2008 年から法律に

よる保護および支援サービスを実施している。当初の支援サービスに比べ、現行の支

援サービス内容は豊富になり、支援事業における改善も定期的になされている。しか

し、多文化家族支援事業は主に全国の多文化家族支援センターが執行しており、基本

的に全国一律で運営されているため、現行の支援政策は地域によって異なるニーズへ

の対応に弱い。すなわち、地域社会の特性、地域別支援の受益者の特性が十分考慮さ

れなければ、受益者が必要とする支援政策を模索することは不可能である。しかしこ

れまで、こうした観点から現行の支援政策を捉える研究は行われていなかった。

本研究では、全羅南道における光州広域市と羅州地域を取り上げ、結婚移住女性の

諸特性および諸特性間の連関が、彼女たちの居住地域のよって相違することを実証す

る。また、結婚移住女性が利用する支援サービスの満足度を、支援する側および支援

を受ける側の双方の視点から比較分析する。この分析により、現行の支援政策の効果

が低い原因として、居住地域によって支援の受け手である結婚移住女性の生活環境お

よび諸特性の一部が相違すること、結婚移住女性間に支援情報の獲得における格差が

存在すること、中央集権的構造における支援の執行体制で支援政策が実施されている

ことが改善すべき問題としていえる。

これら問題を改善する方向として、韓国人を対象とする多文化理解教育の拡大およ

び義務化、地域における多文化家族支援政策の執行に関する任意決定権の拡大と資金

における権限の自律、結婚移住女性のデータベースの構築、地域社会を基盤にした支

援体制の構築を提示した。

こうした改善方向により、支援の内容と体制における問題が解消されれば、地域社

会に居住する結婚移住女性は社会適応の段階を超え、地域社会の一員として活躍する

ことが期待される。

(5)

Social Adaptation and Support Policy for Marriage Migrant Women in

Korean Community

MA YOUJUNG

ABSTRACT

With the recent increasing number of marriage migrant women in Korean society, various

problems are emerging as social problems. To allow multicultural family adapt to society,

Korea has provided legal protection and support services since 2008. Compared to the previous

services, the current ones are rich in content and support projects are improved regularly.

However, nationwide service centers are operated in the same way, despite the multicultural

family support projects implemented by multicultural family support centers. Thus, the current

support policies are not enough to cope with the other support requirements by region. In other

words, it is impossible to seek support policies unless the characteristics of community or

applicants by region are taken into account. However, few researches have focused on support

policies.

This study selected Gwangju metropolitan city and Naju, Chonnam and demonstrated that the

characteristics of marriage migrant women and the correlation between such characteristics

depended on the district. It also compared the group being for support services with the group

receiving supports from different perspectives. As a result, the causes of ineffective support

policies include different living environment or characteristics of marriage migrant women by

district, different ways to acquire information, and enactment of support policies under central

management. Such problems require improvement. To do so, it is necessary to expand and

obligate multicultural understanding education for Koreans, expand voluntary decision right

related to multicultural family support policies into local governments and liberalize the

authority over support funds, build database for marriage migrant women, and establish support

system in the community. If such support content and system-related problems are settled

according to the directions, marriage migrant women living in the community can be expected

to act as local community members going beyond social adaptation.

(6)

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2012

3.0%

2

2000

1980

1

2000

2005

13.5%

2006

11.7% 2010

10.5% 2011

9.0%

2008

1 1980 2004 15.5% 2003 31.9% 2010 5.9% 2013 224 1980 1985 1.7% 2006 6.1% 2011 3.9% 2013 105 2005 13.5% 2013

(7)

3

1990

(8)

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2 3

2 3

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2008 21

4

2007 4-5

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(10)

2000

1992

2005

2006

2006

Ha Minh Thanh 2005

2007

2005

2006

8 9

2005

10

8 9 2003 2006 2006 2006 10 2007 2011 (2007)

(11)

2007

2004a

2007

2009

2008

(2011)

2005

2009

2007

(2008)

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(12)

11

(13)
(14)

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2005

2010

3

1

2010

9

11

25

2011

3

4

29

41

72

111

102

(15)

1

2

3

(16)

1

2

1980

1990

2006

12

2010

6

120

2011

3

130

2011

9

141

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2012

2012

13

5

2

1962

1986

12 2006 6 2006 13

(17)

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2009

1 1

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1975

45.7%

2008

7.1%

1

1975

19.1%

27.6%

1990

2009

17.3%

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

1980

1997

14 45.70% 34.00% 24.90% 17.90% 10.60% 7.10% 19.10% 22.50% 24.40% 27.60% 20.30% 17.30% 35.20% 43.50% 50.60% 54.50% 69.10% 75.60% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 1975 1980 1985 1990 2000 2008

3

2

1

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700

1970

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1990

1970

2

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87.7% 2005

90.1%

1 1

1 2

1 1

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1 1

2011

32.1

29.4

1990

4.3

4.6

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(19)

16

1960

17

1 2

1960 1970 1985 1990 1994 2000 2005 2010 116.87 109.5 109.5 116.5 115.2 110.2 107.7 106.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2011

1 2

1960

116.87 100

1970

1980

1990

2000

130

140 100

180 190 100 1990

1995

)

2011

2005

18

1 3

1981 106.3 106.7 107.1 1990 108.5 117.2 189.0 2000 106.2 107.4 143.9 2005 104.8 106.4 127.7 2010 106.4 105.8 110.9 2011

1 3

1981

107.1

16 1989.11.5 4 p.11 1990 2 8 p.12 1990.11.4 p.4 17 1960 1970 1980 10 1970 1980 18

(20)

1990

189.0

1987

1990

2010

110.9

2000

35 40

1960

1 2

1990

2020

2030

1960

19

19 50 2006 458-459

(21)

1970

457

1980

1980

1974

1982

1994

2005

2007

20

4

1989 233

218-219

2011 71

21

20 21 2000

(22)

1960

22

1980

1985

20 34

3%

8%

27%

23

56% 34%

60% 28%

1982

1988

30

24 25

1980

1990

22 2006 454-456 23 24 1988 8 7 2 p.6 25 1988 1,600 1988 8 19 p.7

(23)

2000

26

1 4

1992 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 399,312 304,877 302,503 308,598 314,304 330,634 343,559 327,715 309,759 326,104 329,087 5,534 15,202 24,776 34,640 42,356 38,759 37,560 36,204 33,300 34,235 29,762 ( ) (45.3) 2,057 10,688 (70.3) 18,751 (75.7) 25,105 (72.5) 30,719 (72.5) 29,665(76.5) (76.1)28,580 28,163 (77.8) 25,142(75.5) 26,274(76.8) 22,265(74.8) ( ) 1.4 5.0 8.2 11.2 13.5 11.7 10.9 11.0 10.8 10.5 9.0 2012

1 4

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1992

45.3%

10

70.3%

2010

75%

2005

2011

9.0%

1

74.8%

26

(24)

1 3

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2012

1 3

34.3%

33.9%

47.9%

5

1 3

33.9%

34.3%

2002

2007

27

27 2002 8 4 40 2007 25

(25)

2

1

28

28

(26)

1990

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29

2006 132-135

2007

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30

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32

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(27)

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33 34 35

1 5

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2011

4

2011

2004

5

15 19

19 24

35 44

36

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(28)

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2004 2008 2011 138,932 116,535 114,284 B % (2.4%)3,300 10,980(9.4%) (10.1%)11,495 B 1,567 7,901 8,349 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 835 1,425 2,538 3,654 5,398 5,562 4,705 4,783 4,204 147 289 610 895 1,078 1,292 1,552 1,931 1,992 108 140 165 213 268 285 299 328 395 4 6 19 99 178 109 167 192 180 114 116 147 157 205 227 259 292 254 67 75 105 112 160 174 174 133 141 42 36 33 59 85 113 128 137 129 83 116 132 173 213 176 154 157 132 167 179 184 247 316 308 414 396 451 1,567 2,382 3,933 5,609 7,901 8,246 7,852 8,349 7,878 2012 37

2008 72

2007 175

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37 2003 2004

(29)

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38

2006 73

39 40

38 39 40

(30)

2011 43-44

48

48-49

75%

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2005

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25~35%

(31)

2011

102-107

2009 94

95

2007 355

2010 49

2011 388-389

2/3

2010 50

(32)

2011 120-121

122

41

2010 192

41

(33)

2009 107

42

2007 49

2010 120-121

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2012

104-105

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(34)
(35)

1990

DV

2000

2006

43

2005

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44

2007

45

2008

46

2011 180

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(36)

180

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2008

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47

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47 2003 2013 http://www.moel.go.kr/

(37)

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(38)

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4 2011 4 4

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2013 203-204

5

53

2008

2012

2013

2017

61

11

2013

86

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2009

2011 196

53 4

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55

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56

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(41)

57

2009

3

2011 368 369

58

2 1

2013 p.263

2 1

57 90 58 2010

(42)

2004 196

196

2010

79

14

1

5

8

10

1

5

4

2011 370-371

372

368-369

2012

2012 82-89

1990

500

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2000

(43)

60

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24

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10

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2011 369-371

59

2011 192

2013

13

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60

59 5 5 1 4 4 1 3

60 Healthy Family Support Center

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(44)

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207

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64

61 2 2011 4 4 62 12 2012 2 1 63 2 1 64

(45)

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65

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1

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29 45

66

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20

23

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2

2013 2013 p.74

2 3

16

2008

5

16

65 12 2 66

(46)

2013 74

67

2012

2013

(47)

2 3

2013 2013 p.8

(48)

68 69 70 71

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(49)

2013 141-144

2010 101

4

3

72

1 4

1 2

100

5

19

10

4

20

72 3 120 120 2013 22-36

(50)

2013 23

4

2

15

73

10

23

74

20

2011

25

75

2013

73 5 74 75

(51)

7

76

28

-

-29-30

76 50 200 240

(52)

4

1 2

34

77

77

(53)

78

2

2 3

2012

2013

78 p.16

(54)

79

(55)

6

8

Seoul

6

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3 1

Inchon

Daejeon

Pusan

Daegu

Ulsan

5

94

2010

3

1988

1995

2005

Muan-gun

3 2

65 2005

501.2

99,392

0.5

5

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146

3

2013

3 2

1990

114

2010

147

5

1990

287,980

2010

540,875

1990

4

2010

2.7

65

2005

2010

1

5

5

2

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0 14 15 65 65 2013

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2005

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5

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3 4

3 4

5

17

3

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6

12

1

2

2013

608.15

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8

8

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1990

16

2000

10

2005

9

2013

3 5

65 1995

3 5

65

2000

14,300

12.3%

2010

21,300

23.6%

1990

28

8

2010

54

(59)

3 1

3 1

2012

6.2 16.7 77.1

(Pusan)

1.0 17.9 81.1

(Daegu)

2.4 21.3 76.3

(Inchon)

1.8 23.1 75.1

(Gwangju)

2.9 14.3 82.8

(Daejeon)

1.1 12.3 86.6

(Ulsan)

1.3 31.8 66.9

2013

1990

80

2000

81 82

8

2013

1986

1995

150

1988

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(60)

3 2

2010

ha

ha

ha

(Pusan)

8,457

6,760

3,914

2,845

(Daegu)

16,974

10,382

4,955

5,427

(Inchon)

13,835

17,486

13,133

4,353

(Gwangju)

13,079

11,566

6,816

4,751

(Daejeon)

8,914

5,768

2,519

3,249

(Ulsan)

12,124

8,730

5,552

3,178

2013

3 2

3 3

%

2000 2005 2010 1 2 1 2 1 2 1,383,468 65.2% 16.2% 18.6% 1,272,908 62.6% 13.0% 24.5% 1,177,318 53.3% 16.4% 30.3% 11,960 60.7% 17.0% 22.3% 14,050 51.7% 9.9% 38.4% 13,079 43.0% 12.5% 44.5% 17,070 78.5% 12.2% 9.3% 14,732 77.1% 11.6% 11.3% 11,790 61.3% 22.2% 16.5% 1 1 2 2 2010

3 3

2000

2010

2

2

2000

2010

6

2

1

(61)

2

3 4

%

2000 2005 2010 56.9 50.9 44.4 10.4 11.4 14.5 2.7 2.2 3.0 17.2 18.1 19.0 0.6 0.8 1.6 6.6 9.9 9.9 5.2 6.5 6.9 0.3 0.3 0.8 66.6 59.5 53.0 5.3 8.2 11.2 0.6 1.0 1.4 20.2 20.1 19.6 0.6 1.1 4.7 3.6 6.3 6.3 2.1 2.6 2.8 1.0 1.3 1.1 64.0 59.0 54.2 14.4 16.5 18.4 0.9 1.1 0.6 12.6 13.5 13.8 0.3 0.3 0.6 2.4 3.1 2.9 5.2 6.4 8.9 0.2 0.1 0.7 2010

3 4

2

53.0%

5

10

8

2

2000

2010

20%

4.0% 3.7%

2010

54.2%

18.4%

8.9%

(62)

3 5

3 5

2000 2005 2010 143,362 145,236 170,237 25,392 25,989 29,233 19,045 18,815 14,029 13,962 15,864 14,826 31,222 27,849 26,561 22,836 20,272 21,290 12,557 16,952 30,905 36,447 34,789 633 1,151 1,469 3 16 17 116 209 211 14 37 56 162 137 76 0 2 4 490 306 338 750 309 2,458 2,438 2,172 2 2 2,152 2,176 1,820 43 36 27 83 59 35 1 0 19 43 190 177 167 36 2010

3 5

2000

31,222

21.8%

2010

26,561

15.6%

10

3

2005

2010

2010

5

8

(63)

3 6

2000 2005 2010 72,173 82,283 81,155 25,270 45,127 56,523 10,717 7,535 4,953 9,621 6,962 5,098 6,110 3,530 2,736 (7,587 ) 2,594 2,179 20,455(12,868 ) 16,535 9,666 250 365 361 65 144 186 32 14 10 18 22 29 28 35 20 (30 ) 13 10 107(77 ) 137 106 889 946 1,048 226 423 692 132 119 83 233 136 95 86 59 30 36 27 212 173 121 2010

3 4

10

1.7%

0.7%

3.7%

3 6

2000

226

2010

692

3

(64)

3 6

2010

3 6

10

2.7

0.6

3 4

2

3 3

3 7

%

2011 2012 1,163,209 2,962,113 14,384 63,356 1,151,116 (-1.0%) 2,911,540(-1.7%) (+2.9%)14,794 (+4.3%)66,081 12,481 35,232 131 683 (-5.0%)11,852 (-6.6%)32,903 (-1.5%)129 (-3.7%)658 167,086 379,767 2,294 9,992 164,248(-1.7%) 370,614(-2.4%) (+4.1%)2,387 (+4.6%)10,449 2010

3 7

3 3

1

4.1%

4.6%

(65)

1.0%

14,492

1.9%

1,608

5

2012

2012

3 7

2013 2013

3 7

4

2,569

21.5%

2008

2012

246

18.0%

2011

(66)

1996

2001

2013

3 8

2012

14,492 1,608 2008

3 8

2

10%

23%

10%

4%

83

6

5

83

(67)

3 8

5

2011

1,064 496 568 1,394 561 833 1,061 357 705 3,715 1,682 2,033 6,871 4,392 2,879 1,663 890 773 2012 p.49 2012 p.55 2012 p.57 2012 p.59 2012 p.54 2012

4,392

2,879

1,682

2,033

3 9

2013

5

3 9

5

2012

30.1%

151

160

31.9%

2012

(68)

2010

79

2012

52

0.3%

0.7%

2012

84

2005

85

3 9

%

2005 2007 2009 (A) 2005 2007 2009 (B) (B/A)% 2009 (C) (C/B)% 314,304 343,559 309,759 30,719 28,580 25,142 8.1 1,987 7.9 25,038 27,914 25,849 2,480 2,661 2,555 9.9 344 13.4 29,991 31,483 27,069 5,095 5,355 4,284 15.8 1,335 31.1 244,360 274,592 248,050 22,545 20,145 17,846 7.2 307 1.7 71,286 76,399 68,841 7,637 6,004 4,936 11.5 18 0.3 18,973 21,484 18,614 1,408 1,429 1,233 6.6 28 2.3 13,152 14,655 12,844 1,014 921 753 5.9 7 0.9 16,515 18,227 16,643 2,015 1,534 1,442 8.7 15 1.0 7,827 8,858 8,088 498 595 563 7.0 16 2.8 9,035 9,684 8,885 779 636 693 7.8 11 1.6 6,939 7,563 7,267 560 606 455 6.3 7 1.5 72,431 81,248 73,403 7,341 6,409 6,019 8.2 200 3.3 8,496 8,930 8,081 769 807 779 9.6 131 16.8 8,390 9,834 8,666 920 926 746 8.6 116 15.5 12,107 13,766 12,708 1,378 1,467 1,382 10.9 262 19.0 10,196 10,864 9,605 1,385 1,312 1,141 11.9 245 21.5 9,984 10,854 10,051 1,327 1,507 1,337 13.3 363 27.2 14,639 16,623 14,499 1,489 1,719 1,221 8.4 244 20.0 18,664 21,555 19,494 1,636 2,004 1,658 8.5 236 14.2 3,382 3,495 3,279 231 289 327 10.0 87 26.6 12,288 9,520 8,791 332 415 457 5.2 1 0.2 2010

3 9

2009

84 85 1 1 4

(69)

3 9

2009

13.3%

2009

3 9

2009

7% 2.8%

13.3% 27.2%

3.4

9.7

3 9

2010

2008

2007

2009

5

16

1366

(70)

3 10

5

2 2007 2009 1 1 2009 1 1 1 2007 2 1 1 2010 2 1 2 2007 2009 1 1 2 2007 2010 1 1 3 2007 2010 1 1

2007

2009

2007

86

2010

2007

2009

2007

2010

86 today 2010 3 28 http://www.namdo today.com/detail.php number=4525&thread=02r05

(71)

87

5

88

2007

2010

2012

2

3 10

1

2

3

4

5

6

15

15

16

10

87 2010 2011 9 2013 2011 http://www.gwangsan.go.kr/nv/menu/menu. php S=S36&M=111000000000 88 http://www.gwangsan.go.kr/nv/menu/me nu.php S=S36&M=080601010000

(72)

1

1

1

2011

2012

2,500

2012

3 10

3 8

3 10

3 10

(73)

4

89

2013

2013

9

90

1

711

1.5%

7

2013

5

5

2013

89 90

(74)

2

2

2

1

1

3

4

91

91 http://www.koka.ac.jp/morigiwa/ sfc/les10104.htm

(75)

2010

3

2010

9

11

25

2011

3

4

29

41

2010

3

1

31

NPO NGO

2010

3

29

31

2010

9

11

25

2011

3

4

29

2011

3

26

29

2005

2009

5

92

6

92 1

(76)

A 1

B 2

C 3

D 4

4 1

(77)

111

102

4 1

140

140

129

118

92.0%

84.0%

111

102

Excel

Windows SPSS 19

4 1

4 8 7 3 3 3 2

(78)

47.7%

2

36.4%

2

15.3% 16.7%

1992

4 2

4 2

45%

38%

4 2

28(52.8%) 22(41.5%) 3(5.7%) 53(100.0%) 11(50.0%) 11(50.0%) 0(.0%) 22(100.0%) 14(82.4%) 3(17.6%) 0(.0%) 17(100.0%) 13(68.4%) 6(31.6%) 0(.0%) 19(100.0%) 66(59.5%) 42(37.8%) 3(2.7%) 111(100.0%) 13(59.1%) 9(40.9%) 0(.0%) 22(100.0%) 21(56.8%) 16(43.2%) 0(.0%) 37(100.0%) 8(47.1%) 9(52.9%) 0(.0%) 17(100.0%) 14(53.8%) 12(46.2%) 0(.0%) 26(100.0%) 56(54.9%) 46(45.1%) 0(.0%) 102(100.0%)

(79)

5

5

4 5

35.3%

4 3

4 3

19

52

23

26

30

51.3%

56.0%

30

31.2% 2012

2005

2005

19 22

(80)

4 3

4 4

1

2

3

5

3

5

4 3

1

5

5

5

8

5

4

5

4 4

5

27.5%

5.9%

2

2012

4 3

2005

4 4

19

52

31.55

7.832

19

52

31.71

7.968

5

16

3.53

3.224

1

18

4.56

3.839

2000

10

4 1

2005

(81)

4 5

1

43.2%

33.3%

1

2

34.3%

33.3%

3

1.8%

3.9%

2012

1.3

2012

3.0 2.0

3

4 6

4 6

5

(82)

MOU

3

4 5

4 7

5

46.1%

25.5%

2

(83)

4 8

(84)

4 9

4 9

1

5

4

4 5

12(23.1%) 24(46.2%) 4(7.7%) 11(21.2%) 1(1.9%) 52(100.0%) 7(31.8%) 10(45.5%) 0(.0%) 3(13.6%) 2(9.1%) 22(100.0%) 3(17.6%) 8(47.1%) 4(23.5%) 1(5.9%) 1(5.9%) 17(100.0%) 3(15.8%) 5(26.3%) 7(36.8%) 3(15.8%) 1(5.3%) 19(100.0%) 25(22.7%) 47(42.7%) 15(13.6%) 18(16.4%) 5(4.5%) 110(100.0%) 10(45.5%) 10(45.5%) 0(.0%) 1(4.5%) 1(4.5%) 22(100.0%) 25(67.6%) 10(27.0%) 1(2.7%) 0(.0%) 1(2.7%) 37(100.0%) 2(11.8%) 6(35.3%) 8(47.1%) 0(.0%) 1(5.9%) 17(100.0%) 13(50.0%) 8(30.8%) 2(7.7%) 1(3.8%) 2(7.7%) 26(100.0%) 50(49.0%) 34(33.3%) 11(10.8%) 2(2.0%) 5(4.9%) 102(100.0%)

(85)

4 5

23.1%

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45.5%

45.5%

67.6%

47.1%

47.1%

1990

2011

3

27

4 10

4 10

6

27.9%

0 1

35.3%

4 11

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4 11

0 1

2

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0 1

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2

4 12

4 12

6

4

0 1

6

4 11

0 1

4 12

0 1

4 11

6

4 12

6

4 11

4 12

(87)

4 13

4 13

1

1

76.6%

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1

26.5%

12.6%

2

4 6

4 7

4 6

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4 6

9

1

55.5

1

3

(88)

1

1

3

1

1

3

4 7

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4 7

1

62.5%

16.0%

2011 3

(89)

27

4 8

80 72.1 66 64.7

11 9.9 25 24.5

8 7.2 4 3.9

12 10.8

7 6.9

111 100.0 102 100.0

4 8

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64.7%

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24.5%

9.9%

24.5%

14.6%

7.2%

3.9%

2

(90)

4 14

3

4

8

(91)

4 15

4 9

2009 2010 p.331

4 9

4 15

7

4

2010

61.6%

4.7%

1

33.7%

2011 401

4 9

2009

7

3

4 16

2009 2010 p.332

4 16

2009

(92)

93

4 16

4 16

4 5

4 4

4 5

4 8

4 5

93 72.6% 77.7%

(93)

4 17

4 17

3

7

77.1

3

7

2011

3

27

2011

3

29

4 10

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4 10

(94)

0 20%

4 9

4 11

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(95)

4 12

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22 19.8 57 55.9

36 32.4 19 18.6

12 10.8

7 6.9

5 4.5 1 1.0

17 15.3

0 .0

111 100.0 102 100.0

32.4%

55.9%

15.3%

(96)

4 13

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N

106

2.07

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100

1.93

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101

2.39

1.058

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2.37

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91

3.18

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63

2.44

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95

2.71

1.262

71

2.37

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92

2.78

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2.40

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91

2.95

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59

2.42

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93

2.38

1.122

66

2.44

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N 1 5 1 5 111 102

4 13

102

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1.93 2.44

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(97)

4 18 DV

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2010

3

25

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4 19

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(98)

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4 14

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33.3

45

44.1

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100.0

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7

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1

4 16

4 21

4 21

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17 31.5

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16 29.6

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10 18.5

8 25.8

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31

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3

4 18

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4 18

85 76.6 82 80.4

16 14.4 16 15.7

10 9.0 4 3.9

111 100.0 102 100.0

4 18

(102)

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2012

1.3

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GEMC journal No.7 pp.88-103

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No.78 pp.181-195

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pp.158-177

2009

No.84

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2006

2

2013

pp.23-42

2013

1989

pp.217-267

2004

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No.235 pp.135-145

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36. 37. 38 39 40 38. 39. 40. ( ) 41. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 ( ) 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47.

(127)

48. 49 49. 50. 51 53 54 51. 52. 53. 54. 55 57 58 55. 56. 57. 58. 59 59 60 60 59.

(128)

60. 61. 62. 63. 64 64. ( ) ( ) 65. 0~20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 66. ( ) 67. ( ) 68. ( ) 69. (2 1 2 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

(129)

70. 71 72 71. 72.

(130)

111 0 108 3 102 0 101 1 111 0 111 0 102 0 102 0 111 0 111 0 102 0 102 0 111 0 107 4 102 0 101 1 111 0 54 57 102 0 31 71 110 1 57 54 101 1 30 72 111 0 101 10 102 0 98 4 110 1 111 0 102 0 102 0 108 3 111 0 102 0 102 0 111 0 98 13 102 0 102 0 111 0 63 48 102 0 45 57 111 0 101 10 102 0 100 2 111 0 65 46 102 0 48 54 111 0 70 41 102 0 48 54 111 0 100 11 102 0 98 4 111 0 57 54 102 0 40 62 ( DV) 104 7 ( ) 111 0 100 2 102 0 ( DV) 111 0 104 7 102 0 101 1 ( DV) 108 3 83 28 99 3 50 52 111 0 42 69 102 0 28 74 110 1 72 39 101 1 99 3 109 2 94 17 101 1 102 0

(131)

53 47. 7 47. 7 47. 7 22 19. 8 19. 8 67. 6 15 13. 5 13. 5 81. 1 0 0 0 0 4 3. 6 3. 6 84. 7 17 15. 3 15. 3 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 111 100 100 22 21. 6 21. 6 21. 6 37 36. 3 36. 3 57. 8 0 0 0 0 8 7. 8 7. 8 65. 7 0 0 0 0 17 16. 7 16. 7 82. 4 0 0 0 0 7 6. 9 6. 9 89. 2 11 10. 8 10. 8 100 102 100 100 16 14. 4 14. 4 14. 4 50 45. 0 45. 0 59. 5 42 37. 8 37. 8 97. 3 3 2. 7 2. 7 100. 0 111 100. 0 100. 0 11 10. 8 10. 8 10. 8 45 44. 1 44. 1 54. 9 46 45. 1 45. 1 100. 0 0 0 0 0 102 100. 0 100. 0

(132)

1 19 22 9 8. 1 8. 1 8. 1 2 23 26 27 24. 3 24. 3 32. 4 3 27 30 21 18. 9 18. 9 51. 3 4 31 35 18 16. 2 16. 2 67. 5 5 36 40 20 18 18 85. 5 6 41 45 11 9. 9 9. 9 95. 4 7 46 5 4. 5 4. 5 100 111 100 100 1 19 22 11 10. 8 10. 8 10. 8 2 23 26 30 29. 5 29. 5 40. 3 3 27 30 16 15. 7 15. 7 56 4 31 35 21 23. 4 23. 4 79. 4 5 36 40 13 12. 8 12. 8 92. 2 6 41 45 4 3. 9 3. 9 96. 1 7 46 4 3. 9 3. 9 100 102 100 100 1 1 32 28. 8 30. 2 30. 2 2 1 2 20 18. 0 18. 9 49. 1 3 2 3 19 17. 1 17. 9 67. 0 4 3 5 10 9. 0 9. 4 76. 4 5 5 7 6 5. 4 5. 7 82. 1 6 7 9 10 9. 0 9. 4 91. 5 7 9 13 6 5. 4 5. 7 97. 2 8 13 3 2. 7 2. 8 100. 0 106 95. 5 100. 0 5 4. 5 111 100. 0 1 1 25 24. 5 24. 5 24. 5 2 1 2 13 12. 7 12. 7 37. 3 3 2 3 11 10. 8 10. 8 48. 0 4 3 5 15 14. 7 14. 7 62. 7 5 5 7 12 11. 8 11. 8 74. 5 6 7 9 10 9. 8 9. 8 84. 3 7 9 13 12 11. 8 11. 8 96. 1 8 13 4 3. 9 3. 9 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0

(133)

N 111 19 52 31. 55 7. 832 109 1 16 3. 59 3. 266 109 N 102 19 53 30. 39 7. 370 102 0 3 25 4. 69 4. 241 102 Y 81 73. 0 73. 0 73. 0 N 30 27. 0 27. 0 100. 0 111 100. 0 100. 0 Y 68 66. 7 66. 7 66. 7 N 34 33. 3 33. 3 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0 21 18. 9 20. 2 20. 2 5 4. 5 4. 8 25. 0 27 24. 3 26. 0 51. 0 12 10. 8 11. 5 62. 5 23 20. 7 22. 1 84. 6 16 14. 4 15. 4 100. 0 104 93. 7 100. 0 7 6. 3 111 100. 0 15 14. 7 21. 7 21. 7 6 5. 9 8. 7 30. 4 20 19. 6 29. 0 59. 4 6 5. 9 8. 7 68. 1 7 6. 9 10. 1 78. 3 15 14. 7 21. 7 100. 0 69 67. 6 100. 0 33 32. 4 102 100. 0

(134)

Y 60 54. 1 54. 5 54. 5 N 50 45. 0 45. 5 100. 0 110 99. 1 100. 0 1 . 9 111 100. 0 Y 51 50. 0 50. 5 50. 5 N 50 49. 0 49. 5 100. 0 101 99. 0 100. 0 1 1. 0 102 100. 0 44 39. 6 42. 3 42. 3 9 8. 1 8. 7 51. 0 37 33. 3 35. 6 86. 5 14 12. 6 13. 5 100. 0 104 93. 7 100. 0 7 6. 3 111 100. 0 31 30. 4 47. 7 47. 7 15 14. 7 23. 1 70. 8 13 12. 7 20. 0 90. 8 6 5. 9 9. 2 100. 0 65 63. 7 100. 0 37 36. 3 102 100. 0

(135)

49 44. 1 46. 2 46. 2 44 39. 6 41. 5 87. 7 7 6. 3 6. 6 94. 3 6 5. 4 5. 7 100. 0 106 95. 5 100. 0 5 4. 5 111 100. 0 26 25. 5 41. 3 41. 3 29 28. 4 46. 0 87. 3 3 2. 9 4. 8 92. 1 5 4. 9 7. 9 100. 0 63 61. 8 100. 0 39 38. 2 102 100. 0

1

60 54. 1 54. 5 54. 5 7 6. 3 6. 4 60. 9 13 11. 7 11. 8 72. 7 7 6. 3 6. 4 79. 1 11 9. 9 10. 0 89. 1 12 10. 8 10. 9 100. 0 110 99. 1 100. 0 1 . 9 111 100. 0 46 45. 1 45. 1 45. 1 3 2. 9 2. 9 48. 0 19 18. 6 18. 6 66. 7 13 12. 7 12. 7 79. 4 17 16. 7 16. 7 96. 1 4 3. 9 3. 9 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0

(136)

1 . 9 3. 0 3. 0 7 6. 3 21. 2 24. 2 11 9. 9 33. 3 57. 6 10 9. 0 30. 3 87. 9 4 3. 6 12. 1 100. 0 33 29. 7 100. 0 78 70. 3 111 100. 0 2 2. 0 3. 6 3. 6 3 2. 9 5. 4 8. 9 15 14. 7 26. 8 35. 7 19 18. 6 33. 9 69. 6 15 14. 7 26. 8 96. 4 2 2. 0 3. 6 100. 0 56 54. 9 100. 0 46 45. 1 102 100. 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 9 4. 3 4. 3 4 3. 6 17. 4 21. 7 4 3. 6 17. 4 39. 1 13 11. 7 56. 5 95. 7 1 . 9 4. 3 100. 0 23 20. 7 100. 0 88 79. 3 111 100. 0 4 3. 9 9. 5 9. 5 0 0 0 0 10 9. 8 23. 8 33. 3 10 9. 8 23. 8 57. 1 15 14. 7 35. 7 92. 9 3 2. 9 7. 1 100. 0 42 41. 2 100. 0 60 58. 8 102 100. 0

(137)

25 22. 5 22. 7 22. 7 47 42. 3 42. 7 65. 5 15 13. 5 13. 6 79. 1 18 16. 2 16. 4 95. 5 5 4. 5 4. 5 100. 0 110 99. 1 100. 0 1 . 9 111 100. 0 50 49. 0 49. 0 49. 0 34 33. 3 33. 3 82. 4 11 10. 8 10. 8 93. 1 2 2. 0 2. 0 95. 1 5 4. 9 4. 9 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0 0~1 28 25. 2 25. 5 25. 5 2 30 27. 0 27. 3 52. 7 3 5 21 18. 9 19. 1 71. 8 6 31 27. 9 28. 2 100. 0 110 99. 1 100. 0 1 . 9 111 100. 0 0~1 36 35. 3 35. 3 35. 3 2 28 27. 5 27. 5 62. 7 3 5 15 14. 7 14. 7 77. 5 6 23 22. 5 22. 5 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0 1 14 12. 6 13. 0 13. 0 1 2 5 4. 5 4. 6 17. 6 2 4 4 3. 6 3. 7 21. 3 1 85 76. 6 78. 7 100. 0 108 97. 3 100. 0 3 2. 7 111 100. 0 1 27 26. 5 26. 5 26. 5 1 2 18 17. 6 17. 6 44. 1 2 4 11 10. 8 10. 8 54. 9 1 46 45. 1 45. 1 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0

(138)

N a 13 10. 7% 11. 7% 14 11. 5% 12. 6% 5 4. 1% 4. 5% 12 9. 8% 10. 8% 12 9. 8% 10. 8% 4 3. 3% 3. 6% 62 50. 8% 55. 9% 122 100. 0% 109. 9% a 7 6. 7% 6. 9% 10 9. 6% 9. 8% 3 2. 9% 2. 9% 10 9. 6% 9. 8% 7 6. 7% 6. 9% 3 2. 9% 2. 9% 64 61. 5% 62. 7% 104 100. 0% 102. 0% a. 80 72. 1 72. 1 72. 1 11 9. 9 9. 9 82. 0 8 7. 2 7. 2 89. 2 12 10. 8 10. 8 100. 0 111 100. 0 100. 0 66 64. 7 64. 7 64. 7 25 24. 5 24. 5 89. 2 4 3. 9 3. 9 93. 1 7 6. 9 6. 9 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0 36 32. 4 32. 4 33. 3 43 38. 7 38. 7 72. 1 17 15. 3 15. 3 87. 4 14 12. 6 12. 6 100. 0 1 . 9 . 9 . 9 111 100. 0 100. 0 21 20. 6 20. 6 20. 6 37 36. 3 36. 3 56. 9 19 18. 6 18. 6 75. 5 25 24. 5 24. 5 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0

(139)

39 35. 1 35. 1 35. 1 1 48 43. 2 43. 2 78. 4 2 22 19. 8 19. 8 98. 2 3 2 1. 8 1. 8 100. 0 111 100. 0 100. 0 29 28. 4 28. 4 28. 4 1 35 34. 3 34. 3 62. 7 2 34 33. 3 33. 3 96. 1 3 4 3. 9 3. 9 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0 3 2. 7% 5. 6% 5. 6% 23 20. 7% 42. 6% 48. 2% 12 10. 8% 22. 2% 70. 4% 11 9. 9% 20. 4% 90. 8% 5 4. 5% 9. 2% 100% 54 100% 100% 57 51. 5% 111 100. 0% 25 24. 5% 50. 0% 50. 0% 9 8. 8% 18. 0% 68. 0% 8 7. 8% 16. 0% 84. 0% 7 6. 9% 14. 0% 98. 0% 1 1. 0% 2. 0% 100. 0% 50 100% 100% 52 51. 0% 102 100. 0%

(140)

0 20% 40 36. 0 36. 0 36. 0 20 40% 40 36. 0 36. 0 72. 1 40 60% 12 10. 8 10. 8 82. 9 60 80% 9 8. 1 8. 1 91. 0 80 100% 10 9. 0 9. 0 100. 0 111 100. 0 100. 0 0 20% 43 42. 2 42. 2 42. 2 20 40% 24 23. 5 23. 5 65. 7 40 60% 19 18. 6 18. 6 84. 3 60 80% 10 9. 8 9. 8 94. 1 80 100% 6 5. 9 5. 9 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0 0 20% 66 59. 5 59. 5 59. 5 20 40% 15 13. 5 13. 5 73. 0 40 60% 15 13. 5 13. 5 86. 5 60 80% 8 7. 2 7. 2 93. 7 80 100% 7 6. 3 6. 3 100. 0 111 100. 0 100. 0 0 20% 54 52. 9 52. 9 52. 9 20 40% 14 13. 7 13. 7 66. 7 40 60% 16 15. 7 15. 7 82. 4 60 80% 11 10. 8 10. 8 93. 1 80 100% 7 6. 9 6. 9 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0 86 77. 5 77. 5 77. 5 25 22. 5 22. 5 100. 0 111 100. 0 100. 0 64 62. 7 62. 7 62. 7 38 37. 3 37. 3 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0

(141)

N a 23 19. 3% 26. 1% 25 21. 0% 28. 4% 39 32. 8% 44. 3% ( ) 21 17. 6% 23. 9% 11 9. 2% 12. 5% 119 100. 0% 135. 2% a 21 21. 6% 32. 3% 24 24. 7% 36. 9% 24 24. 7% 36. 9% ( ) 24 24. 7% 36. 9% 4 4. 1% 6. 2% 97 100. 0% 149. 2% a. N a 51 44. 0% 53. 1% 15 12. 9% 15. 6% 10 8. 6% 10. 4% 17 14. 7% 17. 7% ( ) 23 19. 8% 24. 0% 116 100. 0% 120. 8% a 26 38. 8% 40. 0% 9 13. 4% 13. 8% 9 13. 4% 13. 8% 11 16. 4% 16. 9% ( ) 12 17. 9% 18. 5% 67 100. 0% 103. 1% a.

(142)

32 28. 8 34. 0 34. 0 62 55. 9 66. 0 100. 0 94 84. 7 100. 0 17 15. 3 111 100. 0 29 28. 4 44. 6 44. 6 36 35. 3 55. 4 100. 0 65 63. 7 100. 0 37 36. 3 102 100. 0 42 37. 8 39. 6 39. 6 64 57. 7 60. 4 100. 0 106 95. 5 100. 0 5 4. 5 111 100. 0 29 28. 4 29. 0 29. 0 71 69. 6 71. 0 100. 0 100 98. 0 100. 0 2 2. 0 102 100. 0 a N N N 40 36. 0% 71 64. 0% 111 100. 0% a. a N N N 25 24. 5% 77 75. 5% 102 100. 0% a.

(143)

N DV a 26 65. 0% 65. 0% 4 10. 0% 10. 0% 10 25. 0% 25. 0% 40 100. 0% 100. 0% a. N DV a 11 39. 3% 44. 0% 8 28. 6% 32. 0% 4 14. 3% 16. 0% 5 17. 9% 20. 0% 28 100. 0% 112. 0% a. N a 22 39. 3% 42. 3% 8 14. 3% 15. 4% 3 5. 4% 5. 8% 1 1. 8% 1. 9% 6 10. 7% 11. 5% 12 21. 4% 23. 1% 4 7. 1% 7. 7% 56 100. 0% 107. 7% a 8 32. 0% 34. 8% 6 24. 0% 26. 1% 2 8. 0% 8. 7% 3 12. 0% 13. 0% 2 8. 0% 8. 7% 3 12. 0% 13. 0% 1 4. 0% 4. 3% 25 100. 0% 108. 7% a.

(144)

55 49. 5 50. 9 50. 9 53 47. 7 49. 1 100. 0 108 97. 3 100. 0 3 2. 7 111 100. 0 54 52. 9 54. 5 54. 5 45 44. 1 45. 5 100. 0 99 97. 1 100. 0 3 2. 9 102 100. 0 12 10. 8 10. 8 1 3 42 37. 8 37. 8 4 7 25 22. 5 22. 5 8 32 28. 8 28. 8 111 100. 0 100. 0 17 16. 7 16. 7 1 3 29 28. 4 28. 4 4 7 18 17. 6 17. 6 8 38 37. 3 37. 3 102 100. 0 100. 0 34 30. 6 30. 9 1 3 47 42. 3 42. 7 4 7 19 17. 1 17. 3 8 10 9. 0 9. 1 110 99. 1 100. 0 1 . 9 111 100. 0 47 46. 1 46. 5 1 3 27 26. 5 26. 7 4 7 8 7. 8 7. 9 8 19 18. 6 18. 8 101 99. 0 100. 0 1 1. 0 102 100. 0

(145)

38 34. 2 34. 9 1 3 43 38. 7 39. 4 4 7 11 9. 9 10. 1 8 17 15. 3 15. 6 109 98. 2 100. 0 2 1. 8 111 100. 0 45 44. 1 44. 6 1 3 21 20. 6 20. 8 4 7 17 16. 7 16. 8 8 18 17. 6 17. 8 101 99. 0 100. 0 1 1. 0 102 100. 0 0 20% 34 30. 6 31. 5 31. 5 20 50% 33 29. 7 30. 6 62. 0 50 80% 30 27. 0 27. 8 89. 8 80% 11 9. 9 10. 2 100. 0 108 97. 3 100. 0 3 2. 7 111 100. 0 0 20% 21 20. 6 20. 8 20. 8 20 50% 38 37. 3 37. 6 58. 4 50 80% 31 30. 4 30. 7 89. 1 80% 11 10. 8 10. 9 100. 0 101 99. 0 100. 0 1 1. 0 102 100. 0

(146)

N a 24 21. 2% 23. 5% 19 16. 8% 18. 6% 13 11. 5% 12. 7% 44 38. 9% 43. 1% 13 11. 5% 12. 7% 113 100. 0% 110. 8% a 28 29. 5% 29. 5% 2 2. 1% 2. 1% 15 15. 8% 15. 8% 40 42. 1% 42. 1% 10 10. 5% 10. 5% 95 100. 0% 100. 0% a. 88 79. 3 79. 3 79. 3 23 20. 7 20. 7 100. 0 111 100. 0 100. 0 76 74. 5 74. 5 74. 5 26 25. 5 25. 5 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0

- a

1 2 22 19. 8 26. 8 26. 8 1 2 4 31 27. 9 37. 8 64. 6 1 1 16 14. 4 19. 5 84. 1 2 3 1 13 11. 7 15. 9 100. 0 82 73. 9 100. 0 29 26. 1 111 100. 0 1 2 22 21. 6 29. 3 29. 3 1 2 4 26 25. 5 34. 7 64. 0 1 1 22 21. 6 29. 3 93. 3 2 3 1 5 4. 9 6. 7 100. 0 75 73. 5 100. 0 27 26. 5 102 100. 0

(147)

- b c

N a 23 21. 7% 28. 0% 24 22. 6% 29. 3% 24 22. 6% 29. 3% 35 33. 0% 42. 7% 106 100. 0% 129. 3% a 36 40. 9% 48. 0% 14 15. 9% 18. 7% 20 22. 7% 26. 7% 18 20. 5% 24. 0% 88 100. 0% 117. 3% a. N a 41 31. 1% 50. 0% 35 26. 5% 42. 7% 30 22. 7% 36. 6% 26 19. 7% 31. 7% 132 100. 0% 161. 0% a 24 27. 3% 32. 0% 17 19. 3% 22. 7% 25 28. 4% 33. 3% 22 25. 0% 29. 3% 88 100. 0% 117. 3% a. 2 1. 8 3. 7 3. 7 17 15. 3 31. 5 35. 2 9 8. 1 16. 7 51. 9 16 14. 4 29. 6 81. 5 10 9. 0 18. 5 100. 0 54 48. 6 100. 0 57 51. 4 111 100. 0 8 7. 8 25. 8 25. 8 6 5. 9 19. 4 45. 2 6 5. 9 19. 4 64. 5 3 2. 9 9. 7 74. 2 8 7. 8 25. 8 100. 0 31 30. 4 100. 0 71 69. 6 102 100. 0

(148)

37 33. 3 64. 9 64. 9 20 18. 0 35. 1 100. 0 57 51. 4 100. 0 54 48. 6 111 100. 0 21 20. 6 70. 0 70. 0 9 8. 8 30. 0 100. 0 30 29. 4 100. 0 72 70. 6 102 100. 0 85 76. 6 84. 2 84. 2 16 14. 4 15. 8 100. 0 101 91. 0 100. 0 10 9. 0 111 100. 0 82 80. 4 83. 7 83. 7 16 15. 7 16. 3 100. 0 98 96. 1 100. 0 4 3. 9 102 100. 0 N a 38 39. 6% 40. 4% 18 18. 8% 19. 1% 17 17. 7% 18. 1% 23 24. 0% 24. 5% 96 100. 0% 102. 1% a 36 41. 9% 42. 9% 27 31. 4% 32. 1% 15 17. 4% 17. 9% 8 9. 3% 9. 5% 86 100. 0% 102. 4% a.

(149)

N a 36 31. 6% 32. 7% 68 59. 6% 61. 8% 5 4. 4% 4. 5% 5 4. 4% 4. 5% 114 100. 0% 103. 6% a 15 15. 0% 15. 0% 70 70. 0% 70. 0% 11 11. 0% 11. 0% 4 4. 0% 4. 0% 100 100. 0% 100. 0% a. 4 3. 6 3. 8 3. 8 4 3. 6 3. 8 7. 5 20 18. 0 18. 9 26. 4 45 40. 5 42. 5 68. 9 33 29. 7 31. 1 100. 0 106 95. 5 100. 0 5 4. 5 111 111 100. 0 2 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2 2. 0 2. 0 4. 0 17 16. 7 17. 0 21. 0 45 44. 1 45. 0 66. 0 34 33. 3 34. 0 100. 0 100 98. 0 100. 0 2 2. 0 102 102 100. 0

(150)

8 7. 2 7. 9 7. 9 2 1. 8 2. 0 9. 9 29 26. 1 28. 7 38. 6 44 39. 6 43. 6 82. 2 18 16. 2 17. 8 100. 0 101 91. 0 100. 0 10 9. 0 111 111 100. 0 2 2. 0 2. 7 2. 7 4 3. 9 5. 3 8. 0 24 23. 5 32. 0 40. 0 35 34. 3 46. 7 86. 7 10 9. 8 13. 3 100. 0 75 73. 5 100. 0 27 26. 5 102 102 100. 0 16 14. 4 17. 8 17. 8 5 4. 5 5. 6 23. 3 28 25. 2 31. 1 54. 4 31 27. 9 34. 4 88. 9 10 9. 0 11. 1 100. 0 90 81. 1 100. 0 21 18. 9 111 111 100. 0 3 2. 9 4. 8 4. 8 1 1. 0 1. 6 6. 3 29 28. 4 46. 0 52. 4 18 17. 6 28. 6 81. 0 12 11. 8 19. 0 100. 0 63 61. 8 100. 0 39 38. 2 102 102 100. 0

(151)

16 14. 4 16. 8 16. 8 1 . 9 1. 1 17. 9 33 29. 7 34. 7 52. 6 29 26. 1 30. 5 83. 2 16 14. 4 16. 8 100. 0 95 85. 6 100. 0 16 14. 4 111 100. 0 3 2. 9 4. 2 4. 2 2 2. 0 2. 8 7. 0 25 24. 5 35. 2 42. 3 29 28. 4 40. 8 83. 1 12 11. 8 16. 9 100. 0 71 69. 6 100. 0 31 30. 4 102 100. 0 15 13. 5 16. 3 16. 3 7 6. 3 7. 6 23. 9 27 24. 3 29. 3 53. 3 29 26. 1 31. 5 84. 8 14 12. 6 15. 2 100. 0 92 82. 9 100. 0 19 17. 1 111 111 100. 0 1 1. 0 1. 5 1. 5 3 2. 9 4. 4 5. 9 27 26. 5 39. 7 45. 6 28 27. 5 41. 2 86. 8 9 8. 8 13. 2 100. 0 68 66. 7 100. 0 34 33. 3 102 102 100. 0

(152)

20 18. 0 22. 0 22. 0 3 2. 7 3. 3 25. 3 31 27. 9 34. 1 59. 3 26 23. 4 28. 6 87. 9 11 9. 9 12. 1 100. 0 91 82. 0 100. 0 20 18. 0 111 111 100. 0 1 1. 0 1. 7 1. 7 3 2. 9 5. 1 6. 8 25 24. 5 42. 4 49. 2 21 20. 6 35. 6 84. 7 9 8. 8 15. 3 100. 0 59 57. 8 100. 0 43 42. 2 102 102 100. 0

7 6. 3 7. 5 7. 5 4 3. 6 4. 3 11. 8 28 25. 2 30. 1 41. 9 32 28. 8 34. 4 76. 3 22 19. 8 23. 7 100. 0 93 83. 8 100. 0 18 16. 2 111 111 100. 0 3 2. 9 4. 5 4. 5 1 1. 0 1. 5 6. 1 27 26. 5 40. 9 47. 0 26 25. 5 39. 4 86. 4 9 8. 8 13. 6 100. 0 66 64. 7 100. 0 36 35. 3 102 102 100. 0

(153)

N $ a 16 17. 2% 17. 2% 17 18. 3% 18. 3% 12 12. 9% 12. 9% 28 30. 1% 30. 1% 20 21. 5% 21. 5% 93 100. 0% 100. 0% a. N $ a 33 40. 2% 40. 2% 20 24. 4% 24. 4% 2 2. 4% 2. 4% 23 28. 0% 28. 0% 4 4. 9% 4. 9% 82 100. 0% 100. 0% a. 35 31. 5 46. 7 46. 7 4 3. 6 5. 3 52. 0 10 9. 0 13. 3 65. 3 4 3. 6 5. 3 70. 7 22 19. 8 29. 3 100. 0 75 67. 6 100. 0 36 32. 4 111 100. 0 23 22. 5 54. 8 54. 8 8 7. 8 19. 0 73. 8 2 2. 0 4. 8 78. 6 3 2. 9 7. 1 85. 7 6 5. 9 14. 3 100. 0 42 41. 2 100. 0 60 58. 8 102 100. 0

(154)

1 38 34. 2 38. 8 38. 8 2 60 54. 1 61. 2 100. 0 98 88. 3 100. 0 13 11. 7 111 100. 0 1 44 43. 1 43. 1 43. 1 2 58 56. 9 56. 9 100. 0 102 100. 0 100. 0 N a 25 37. 9% 41. 0% 6 9. 1% 9. 8% 15 22. 7% 24. 6% 4 6. 1% 6. 6% 4 6. 1% 6. 6% 1 1. 5% 1. 6% 11 16. 7% 18. 0% 66 100. 0% 108. 2% a 22 46. 8% 47. 8% 8 17. 0% 17. 4% 8 17. 0% 17. 4% 4 8. 5% 8. 7% 2 4. 3% 4. 3% 1 2. 1% 2. 2% 2 4. 3% 4. 3% 47 100. 0% 102. 2% a.

(155)

N a 21 34. 4% 36. 8% 9 14. 8% 15. 8% 19 31. 1% 33. 3% 6 9. 8% 10. 5% 6 9. 8% 10. 5% 61 100. 0% 107. 0% a 16 35. 6% 35. 6% 5 11. 1% 11. 1% 21 46. 7% 46. 7% 3 6. 7% 6. 7% 45 100. 0% 100. 0% a. 34 30. 6 54. 0 54. 0 20 18. 0 31. 7 85. 7 4 3. 6 6. 3 92. 1 5 4. 5 7. 9 100. 0 63 56. 8 100. 0 48 43. 2 111 100. 0 18 17. 6 40. 0 40. 0 24 23. 5 53. 3 93. 3 1 1. 0 2. 2 95. 6 2 2. 0 4. 4 100. 0 45 44. 1 100. 0 57 55. 9 102 100. 0

(156)

37 33. 3 36. 6 36. 6 64 57. 7 63. 4 100. 0 101 91. 0 100. 0 10 9. 0 111 100. 0 45 44. 1 45. 0 45. 0 55 53. 9 55. 0 100. 0 100 98. 0 100. 0 2 2. 0 102 100. 0 37 33. 3 56. 9 56. 9 4 3. 6 6. 2 63. 1 11 9. 9 16. 9 80. 0 5 4. 5 7. 7 87. 7 8 7. 2 12. 3 100. 0 65 58. 6 100. 0 46 41. 4 111 100. 0 34 33. 3 70. 8 70. 8 4 3. 9 8. 3 79. 2 7 6. 9 14. 6 93. 8 1 1. 0 2. 1 95. 8 2 2. 0 4. 2 100. 0 48 47. 1 100. 0 54 52. 9 102 100. 0

参照

関連したドキュメント

我が国では近年,坂下 2) がホームページ上に公表さ れる各航空会社の発着実績データを収集し分析すること

このように,先行研究において日・中両母語話

本章では,現在の中国における障害のある人び

[r]

ヨーロッパにおいても、似たような生者と死者との関係ぱみられる。中世農村社会における祭り

ているかというと、別のゴミ山を求めて居場所を変えるか、もしくは、路上に

一方、介護保険法においては、各市町村に設置される地域包括支援センターにおけ

専門は社会地理学。都市の多様性に関心 があり、阪神間をフィールドに、海外や国内の