Mechanical College (when Korolyov was Kaliningrad ) was organized by the order of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR on 15thof March in 1947 on the basis of a vocational school in Kaliningrad on the initiative of the legendary Chief Designer of rocket and space technology S.P. Korolev. It became the main faculty - Faculty 'Production of aircraft.
« In 1948, Kaliningrad College was a branch of the Moscow Military-Mechanical College.
The first director of the college was Melnikov E.A.
From 1960 to 1974 Y. Klimov was the director of the College. He did much for the establishment of the college, to improve the educational process. With his assistance a new building with a college laboratory building, workshops, acts and sporting facilities were built. By this time the college has had all the necessary laboratories, classrooms, equipped with advanced equipment, models of spacecraft, educational computing center (UinF), fitting ,mechanical and electrical workshops. New departments were opened: Programming and Economics. The high level of teaching and equipping of educational process allowed the technical school to receive the status of the College of Space Engineering and Technology in 1992.
Since 1978, the Technical School was headed by P.S. Tymoshenko.
Since 2008, the College was headed by Candidate of Science V.
Stepanenkov.
College became the basic institution for the training of specialists with secondary technical education for the space industry and the enterprises of the city Korolev (RSC «Energia». S.P. Koroleva, TsNIIMASH, Chemical Engineering Design Bureau named after Isaev A.M). Today college students develop a transport system for the economic development of the Moon and Mars, study space technology.
In 2002, it was created College Student Design Bureau, it includes students of the second and third year, students in the specialty «Production of aircraft.»
During its existence, the college has produced more than 30 thousand professionals.
In 2009 college received a license for training and retraining of 400 directions.
Since 2008, the college changed considerably: it was made large reconstruction,also there was a canteen for 150 seats, new furniture, renovated rooms. At the present time, despite the economic difficulties, college graduates find work, often even without completing the learning.
Every year 400 people enter the college. The most popular is the Department of Space Technology.
Since 2012, the college was taken under control of Ministry of Finance of the Moscow region and renamed into GBOU SPO MO KKMT (state budgetary educational institution of secondary vocational education of the Moscow Region «Korolyevskiy College of Engineering and Space Technology»)
Since 2013, as a result of the reorganization of the college, it became a structural division of the Finance and Technology Academy. January 20, 2015 Financial and Technological Academy was renamed into the State budget institution of higher education of the Moscow region «University of Technology» (GBOU IN MO «University of Technology»).
The college cooperates with the leading urban enterprises: City Administration of Korolev, Roscosmos, the Russian Cosmonautics Federation, Federal State Unitary Enterprise «Central Research Institute of Machine Building», JSC «Rocket and Space Corporation Energia named after SP Korolev», Federal State Unitary Enterprise «Scientific-Production association of measuring equipment «, Scientific and production company» Ortho-Space «of Tactical Missiles Corporation”, National Education program» Intellectual and creative potential of Russia”, «Design Bureau of chemical engineering named after A.M. Isaev, Chamber of Commerce of the city of Korolev, the International Association of Space Activities, Journal of Aircraft and Sport «.
In college, work preparation courses for college courses for retraining specialists of space industry.
Specialties
-Rule and the organization of social security - Economics and accounting (by industry) - Technology of mechanical engineering - Manufacture of aircraft
- Biotechnical and medical devices and systems
- Limb-fitting and rehabilitation equipment (part-time form) - Radio systems and spacecraft control system
- Programming in computer systems - Information systems (on branches) Famous graduates
Among the graduates of the college - astronauts, scientists and politicians.
-The former head of the city of Korolev, Alexander Fedorovich Morozenko.
-Twice Hero of the Soviet Union cosmonaut Valery Ryumin.
- Cosmonaut, Hero of Russia Kozeev Konstantin Mirovich.
- Hero of Socialist Work K. G. Gorbatenko.
- Hero of the USSR Ivan Penkin.
- Doctor of Science EV Butler.
-Modern Actor Andrew Merzlikin, who starred in the «Convoy PQ 17» films «Boomer», «Penal Battalion», «The Kremlin cadets» and many other films.
- Grachevsky Boris Yurevich - director of newsreel «Jumble».
-Strekalov, Gennady Mikhailovich - General Director of ZAO ZEM of RSC «Energy» Federal State Unitary Enterprise.
Victor Frolov - Deputy. General Director of FSUE TsNIImash.
Reference 1. Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤ–Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜ
2. Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜɤɢɣ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣɋɬɚɬɶɹɢɡɜɢɤɢɩɟɟɞɢɢKWWSVUXZLNLSHGLDRUJZLNL
3. Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɚɣɬ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɚ >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ http://unitech-mo.ru/obrazovanie/school -divisions/college-space-engineering-technology
ɄɈɆɍȼɕȽɈȾɇȺɉȺɌȿɇɌɇȺəɋɂɋɌȿɆȺ ɇȺɅɈȽɈɈȻɅɈɀȿɇɂə
Ɂɚɦɚɧɨɜɚ ȿɫɟɧɢɹȺɧɫɚɪɨɜɧɚ,ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɤɚɤɭɪɫɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢɢɩɪɚɜɚ
ɇɚɭɱɧɵɟɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɢɉɚɲɤɨɜɚ ɂɪɢɧɚɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɧɚ, ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɩɟɪɜɨɣɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢɋɨɤɨɥɨɜɚȺɥɟɜɬɢɧɚ
Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɧɚ,ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɜɵɫɲɟɣɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ
ɉɚɬɟɧɬɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɟɣ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ ɝɥɚɜɚ 26.5 ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɚ ɰɟɥɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ - ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ Ʉɚɤ ɢ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɉɋɇ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɜɨɢ ɩɥɸɫɵ ɢ ɪɹɞ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɭɠɟ ɫɟɣɱɚɫ ɦɨɠɧɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶɨɧɟɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɧɨɦɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɞɚɧɧɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ–ɟɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɬɟ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɟɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹɰɟɥɨɝɨɪɹɞɚɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɯɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɟɣ
ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɩɚɬɟɧɬ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶ
WHOM IS THE PATENT TAX SYSTEM FAVOURABLE TO Zamanova Esenya, the 3rd year student of the Department
of law and economics
Scientific advisers:Pashkova Irina,ɚteacher of the first category, Sokolova Alevtina,ɚteacher of the highest category
The patent tax system is a kind of special tax regime, which the 26.5 chapter of The Tax Code is devoted to. The purpose of The Tax Code is a creation of simpler conditions of taxation for the particular categories of taxpayers. Just like any other tax regime, patent tax system has its advantages and disadvantages, however even now we can speak about the incomparable advantage of this system – its usability, economic efficiency of its application for a number of business owners.
Special tax regimes, patent, business owner.
ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɜɨɦɧɨɝɢɯɫɬɪɚɧɚɯɜɬɨɦɱɢɫɥɟɢɜɊɨɫɫɢɢɱɬɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɨɫ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɟɝɨɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɋ2013 ɝɨɞɚ ɛɵɥɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɚɥɨɝɨɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɄɥɸɱɟɜɨɟɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ
— ɷɬɨ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ — ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɝɥɚɜɨɣ ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ Ʉɨɞɟɤɫɚ ɊɎ ɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɟɬ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɜɲɭɸ ɞɨ ɤɨɧɰɚ ɝɨɞɚ ɍɩɪɨɳɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ
ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɚɠɧɵɦ ɢ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɟɟ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɦɢ ɢ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɬɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɟɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ, ɤɚɤ ɞɥɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚɬɚɤɢɞɥɹɦɚɥɨɝɨɛɢɡɧɟɫɚɜɰɟɥɨɦ
ɋɭɬɶ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɥɶɝɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɢɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ-ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɞɚɟɬɩɪɚɜɨɧɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨɜɢɞɚɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ.ɉɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢɩɚɬɟɧɬ ɦɨɠɧɨɧɚɫɪɨɤɨɬɨɞɧɨɝɨɞɨɞɜɟɧɚɞɰɚɬɢɦɟɫɹɰɟɜ
ɗɬɨɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɟɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɢɜɟɞɭɳɢɟɫɜɨɸɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɜɬɨɦ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɝɞɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɜɦɟɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɦɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ:
x ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɟɦɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɨɣɢɦɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɧɟɞɨɥɠɧɚɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɬɶɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ
x ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɝɨɞɨɜɨɣ ɞɨɯɨɞ ɩɨ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɬɶ1 ɪɭɛɥɟɣ ɢɧɞɟɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ-ɞɟɮɥɹɬɨɪ ɋɭɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɊɎ ɜɩɪɚɜɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɯɨɞɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨɫɬ ɇɄɊɎɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ
x ɞɨɯɨɞ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɹ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɬɶ 000 ɪɭɛɥɟɣ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ-ɞɟɮɥɹɬɨɪɚ ȿɫɥɢ ɂɉ ɫɨɜɦɟɳɚɟɬ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɍɋɇ ɢ ɉɋɇ ɬɨ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ ɨɬ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɩɨɞɜɭɦɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɪɟɠɢɦɚɦ
ɉɚɬɟɧɬɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɯɭɫɥɭɝɪɨɡɧɢɱɧɨɣɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɢɢɭɫɥɭɝɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɉɟɪɟɱɟɧɶɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɯɜɢɞɨɜɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɜɩɫɬ ɇɄ ɊɎ.
ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɢɯ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɟɨɬɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɭɩɥɚɬɟ
x ɧɚɥɨɝɚɧɚɞɨɯɨɞɵɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɥɢɰ x ɧɚɥɨɝɚɧɚɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɥɢɰ
x ɧɚɥɨɝɚɧɚɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶɡɚɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦɧɚɥɨɝɚɧɚ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɭɩɥɚɬɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɜɨɡɟ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɸɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ
ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɨɬɱɟɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɉɋɇ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɚɑɬɨɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹɭɱɟɬɚ ɬɨɞɥɹɷɬɨɝɨɪɟɠɢɦɚɜɟɞɟɬɫɹɭɱɟɬ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɭ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɧɢɝɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɥɹɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢɩɚɬɟɧɬɚɫɬɚɜɤɚɧɚɥɨɝɚɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɢɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ, ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɞɨɯɨɞɚ ɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɜɢɞɭ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɤ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɝɨɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɞɨɯɨɞɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɊɎ ɑɬɨɛɵ ɭɡɧɚɬɶ ɫɭɦɦɭ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɤ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɝɨɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɞɨɯɨɞɚ ɢ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɬɨɢɬ ɩɚɬɟɧɬ ɞɥɹ ɂɉɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹɫɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɦɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɟ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ
Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɂɚɤɨɧɭ ɨ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɝ Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ ɨɬ ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ ɝ ʋ ɛɚɡɨɜɚɹ ɞɨɯɨɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɜɢɞɭ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ«ɩɚɪɢɤɦɚɯɟɪɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɤɨɫɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ»ɪɚɜɧɚɪɭɛ
ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɭɦɧɨɠɚɟɦɷɬɭɫɭɦɦɭɧɚɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɇ ɋɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶɩɚɬɟɧɬɚɧɚɦɟɫɹɰɟɜɛɭɞɟɬɪɚɜɧɚɪɭɛɥɟɣ Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɡ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɜɨɢ ɞɨɫɬɨɢɧɫɬɜɚɢɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ
ɉɚɬɟɧɬɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɍɋɇ ɢ ȿɇȼȾɨɞɧɚɤɨɢɦɟɟɬɫɯɨɠɢɟɱɟɪɬɵɫɨɛɟɢɦɢɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦɢɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ
ɋɬɚɜɤɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɚ ɉɋɇ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɩɪɢ ȿɇȼȾ ȼɢɞɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ȿɇȼȾ ɢ ɉɋɇ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɍɋɇ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɥɸɛɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ȾɥɹɂɉɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɯȿɇȼȾɢɉɋɇɄɄɆɧɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹɧɨ ɂɉ ɨɛɹɡɚɧ ɜɵɞɚɬɶ ɩɨ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ
ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɳɢɣ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɧɟɝɨ ɞɟɧɟɝ ɤɜɢɬɚɧɰɢɸ ɬɨɜɚɪɧɵɣ ɱɟɤɩɪɢɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɢɭɫɥɭɝɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢɪɚɛɨɬɂɉɦɨɠɟɬɜɵɞɚɜɚɬɶȻɋɈ ɛɥɚɧɤ ɫɬɪɨɝɨɣ ɨɬɱɟɬɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱥ ɞɥɹ ɂɉ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɍɋɇ ɄɄɆ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɝɨɜɨɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɩ ɫɬ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ʋ -ɎɁ ɉɪɢ ɍɋɇ ɢ ȿɇȼȾ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɧɟ ɫɱɢɬɚɹ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢ ɉɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɨ ɧɟ ɫɱɢɬɚɹɂɉ
ɉɪɢ ɉɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɨɬɱɟɬɧɨɫɬɢɜɜɢɞɟɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɢ.
ɋɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɜɵɩɥɚɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɵɯɜɡɧɨɫɨɜɤɚɤɷɬɨɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɞɟɥɚɬɶɧɚɍɋɇɢɥɢȿɇȼȾ
ɈɩɥɚɬɚɧɚɥɨɝɚɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹɧɟɟɠɟɤɜɚɪɬɚɥɶɧɨɤɚɤɩɪɢȿɇȼȾɢ ɍɋɇ ȿɫɥɢ ɩɚɬɟɧɬ ɧɚ ɫɪɨɤ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɦɟɫɹɰɟɜ ɬɨ ɜɫɸ ɫɭɦɦɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɚ ɜ ɫɪɨɤ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɞɧɟɟ ɫɪɨɤɚ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ ȿɫɥɢ ɩɚɬɟɧɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɚɫɪɨɤɨɬɲɟɫɬɢɦɟɫɹɰɟɜɞɨɤɚɥɟɧɞɚɪɧɨɝɨɝɨɞɚɬɨɜɪɚɡɦɟɪɟ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɚ ɜ ɫɪɨɤ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɞɧɟɟ ɤɚɥɟɧɞɚɪɧɵɯ ɞɧɟɣ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɜ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɟ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɚ ɜ ɫɪɨɤ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɞɧɟɟɫɪɨɤɚɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ
Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɝɨɞɧɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɛɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɱɟɦ ɠɟ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚɉɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ"
ȼɨ-ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɧɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜɟɫɬɢ ɛɭɯɝɚɥɬɟɪɫɤɢɣ ɭɱɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɢɝɪɚɟɬɧɟɦɚɥɨɜɚɠɧɭɸɪɨɥɶɂɉɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭɟɦɭɧɟɧɭɠɧɨɧɚɧɢɦɚɬɶɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɭɛɭɯɝɚɥɬɟɪɚ–ɹɜɧɚɹɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɹɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜɧɚɡɚɪɩɥɚɬɭ
ȼɨ-ɜɬɨɪɵɯɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɨɬɱɟɬɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɧɚɥɨɝɭɜɜɢɞɟɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɣ ɱɬɨ ɬɨɠɟ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɬ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɵ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɹ
ȼ-ɬɪɟɬɶɢɯɧɟɬɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɬɶɤɚɫɫɨɜɵɟɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵɢ ɜɟɫɬɢɤɚɫɫɨɜɭɸɤɧɢɝɭ
ȼ-ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɵɯ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɸ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɳɟɦɭɉɋɇɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɨɧɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨ-ɤɚɫɫɨɜɭɸ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɭɩɪɢɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢɧɚɥɢɱɧɵɯɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɯɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ
Ɋɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɹ ɜɫɟ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞɱɬɨɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɜɵɝɨɞɧɚɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɦɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɹɦ
x ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ, ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɧɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɢɬ ɡɚ ɪɚɦɤɢɨɞɧɨɝɨɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ
x ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɬ ɥɢɦɢɬɵ ɢɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹɫɭɦɦɵɩɚɬɟɧɬɨɜɧɨɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟɦɥɧɪɭɛɥɟɣ
x ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɩɪɨɛɨɜɚɬɶ ɦɟɥɤɢɣ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɵɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɪɨɫ ɢ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɦɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. ȽɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɣɤɨɞɟɤɫɊɎɱɢɱ
2. ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɣɤɨɞɟɤɫɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɑɚɫɬɶ
3. Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɨɬ ɦɚɹ ɝ ʋ -ɎɁ ɜ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ɝ «Ɉ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨ-ɤɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɩɥɚɬɟɠɧɵɯɤɚɪɬ»
ɋɍȾȿȻɇɕɃɉɊȿɐȿȾȿɇɌɄȺɄɂɋɌɈɑɇɂɄɉɊȺȼȺ Ɂɨɪɢɧɉɚɜɟɥɋɟɪɝɟɟɜɢɱɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɤɭɪɫɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ
ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢɢɩɪɚɜɚ
ɇɚɭɱɧɵɣɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɊɭɡɚɟɜɚȿɥɟɧɚȼɚɫɢɥɶɟɜɧɚɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɋɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ Ɉɧ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧ ɜ ɚɧɝɥɨɹɡɵɱɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ȼ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɟ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɉɪɢɪɟɲɟɧɢɢɫɩɨɪɧɵɯɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜɜɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɟ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɟɥɚ ȼ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɢɧɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ Ɉɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɱɟɧɵɟ ɸɪɢɫɬɵ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɞɜɚ ɥɚɝɟɪɹ ɬɟɯ, ɤɬɨ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɢɯ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ȼɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɪɨɥɢ ɋɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɟɞɨɫɢɯɩɨɪɚɤɬɭɚɥɟɧɫɤɚɠɞɵɦɝɨɞɨɦ ɢɡɞɚɸɬɫɹɧɨɜɵɟɡɚɤɨɧɵɩɟɪɟɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹɫɬɚɪɵɟɢɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɨɜɵɟɞɟɥɚɚɦɟɫɬɨɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚɞɨɫɢɯɩɨɪɧɟɹɫɧɨ
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɚɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ
JUDICIAL PRECEDENT AS A SOURCE OF LAW Zorin Pavel, 1st year student of the Department of economics and law
Scientific adviser: Ruzaeva Elena, a teacher
Judicial precedent is one of the first sources of power. It is widespread in English-speaking countries. In Russia, the source of law is not considered, however, is widely used. When dealing with controversial issues, in most cases raised similar, previously solved case. In most cases,
use the decisions of the higher courts. Domestic legal scholars were divided into two camps: those who think it necessary to accepted precedent as a source of law and in accordance with their opponents, taking precedent as a source of law in Russia. The role of judicial precedent in the Russian legal system is still relevant, with the new laws are published every year, reviewed the old and new cases are resolved, and the precedents are still not clear.
The source of law, the legal system, judicial precedent and judicial practice.
Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɦɵ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧ ɫɬɪɟɦɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɤɚɤ ɜɥɢɹɟɬɫɭɞɟɛɧɚɹɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɧɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯɚɤɬɨɜɞɨ ɫɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɨɬɤɪɵɬ ɭɱɟɧɵɟ ɸɪɢɫɬɵ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɫɩɨɪɹɬ ɧɭɠɟɧ ɥɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɟɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɢɥɢɧɟɬ
ɋɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɚɧɝɥɨɫɚɤɫɨɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɫɟɦɶɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɨ ɢ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɋɭɞɟɛɧɚɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɚ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨɢɦɟɧɧɨɞɥɹɚɧɝɥɨɫɚɤɫɨɧɫɤɢɯɫɬɪɚɧ
ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɪɨɥɶɜɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
ɉɨɞ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɨɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɭɞɚ ɩɨ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɦɭ ɞɟɥɭ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɟ ɫɢɥɭ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɳɟɟ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɦɟɧɹɸɳɟɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɉɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɨɦɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɜɵɧɟɫɟɧɧɵɟɩɨɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɦɭɞɟɥɭ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɭɞɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɉɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ
— ɫɥɭɱɚɣ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɢɦɟɥɨ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɲɥɨɦ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɦ ɋɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ — ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ ɩɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɦɭ ɞɟɥɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɥɹɫɭɞɨɜ ɩɪɢɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɢɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯɞɟɥ[1].
ɋɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɛɵɥ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɟɧ ɟɳɟ ɫ ɞɪɟɜɧɢɯɜɪɟɦɟɧ ȼȾɪɟɜɧɟɦɊɢɦɟɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɨɦ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɥɢɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɩɨ ɞɟɥɚɦ ɩɪɟɬɨɪɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ Ɍɭɞɚ ɠɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɥɢɫɶ ɢ ɭɫɬɧɵɟ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɂɡɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɢ ɫɯɨɠɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢɦɟɥɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɫɢɥɭ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɧɹɜɲɢɯ ɢɯ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ ɢ ɜ
ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɨɤɚ ɉɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɭɞɚɱɧɵɯ ɷɞɢɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɥɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɢ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɨɛɳɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ– ɷɬɨɩɪɟɬɨɪɫɤɨɟɩɪɚɜɨȼɫɪɟɞɧɢɟɜɟɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɥɨɫɶ Ɂɚɯɜɚɬ Ⱥɧɝɥɢɢɜɝɨɞɭɩɪɢɜɟɥɤɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɸɩɪɚɜɚɨɛɳɟɝɨɞɥɹɜɫɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɇɚɱɚɥɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɤɨɪɨɥɟɜɫɤɢɟ ɪɚɡɴɟɡɞɧɵɟ ɫɭɞɵ Ɉɧɢ ɪɟɲɚɥɢ ɫɩɨɪɵ ɨɬ ɢɦɟɧɢ Ʉɨɪɨɧɵ ɩɪɢɛɵɜ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɉɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɟ ɫɭɞɶɹɦɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɛɪɚɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɢɫɯɨɠɢɯɞɟɥɢɧɵɦɢɢɧɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢɌɚɤɫɥɨɠɢɥɚɫɶɨɛɳɚɹ ɞɥɹȺɧɝɥɢɢɟɞɢɧɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ-ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɣɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɥɚɧɚɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶɫɨɬɧɢɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɞɟɥ
ɋɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨ ɤɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɨɪɦɟ ɢ ɞɨɤɬɪɢɧɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɢɫɚɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɯɨɬɹ ɨɧɢ ɢ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɵ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɚɧɝɥɨɫɚɤɫɨɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɮɢɤɰɢɢ ɧɟɢɡɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɫɭɞɶɹ ɧɟ ɬɜɨɪɢɬ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɭɸ ɧɨɪɦɭ ɧɨ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɬɨɱɬɨɜɵɬɟɤɚɟɬɢɡɟɝɨɨɛɳɢɯɧɚɱɚɥɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɫɭɞɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɦ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɦ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɦ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɟɦ ɭɩɪɨɱɢɬɶ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɹɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɇɨɪɦɵɨɛɳɟɝɨɩɪɚɜɚɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɛɨɥɟɟɝɢɛɤɢɦɢɢɦɟɧɟɟɚɛɫɬɪɚɤɬɧɵɦɢ ɱɟɦɧɨɪɦɵɩɪɚɜɚɪɨɦɚɧɨ-ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɢɯɫɢɫɬɟɦɑɬɨɞɟɥɚɟɬɩɪɚɜɨɛɨɥɟɟ ɤɚɡɭɢɫɬɢɱɧɵɦ ɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɋɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɩɪɢɞɚɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɭɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟɪɚɦɤɢȼɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯɨɛɳɟɝɨɩɪɚɜɚɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɫɭɞɨɜ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨɜɵɜɨɞɨɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɢɥɢɧɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɚɤɬɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ ɧɨ ɢ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨ -ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɬ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɢɥɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɞɨɜ Ⱥɧɝɥɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɭɞɚɯ Ʉɚɧɚɞɵ Ⱥɜɫɬɪɚɥɢɢ ɇɨɜɨɣ Ɂɟɥɚɧɞɢɢ ɋɒȺ ȼ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɯɨɬɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɲɟɫɬɨɹɳɢɯ ɫɭɞɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯɫɩɨɪɨɜ
ɋɟɪɝɟɣɉɟɩɟɥɹɟɜɪɚɫɫɭɠɞɚɥ«ɉɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɜɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɪɟɞɚɤɰɢɢ ɷɬɨ ɧɚɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɜɫɟ-ɬɚɤɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɜɵɲɟɫɬɨɹɳɢɯ ɫɭɞɨɜ ɧɢɠɟɫɬɨɹɳɢɦɢ ɢ ɟɞɢɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ ȼɵɫɲɢɣ Ⱥɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɧɵɣ ɫɭɞ». ɋɟɪɝɟɣ ɉɟɩɟɥɹɟɜ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɧɭɥɱɬɨ«ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢɣɫɭɞɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɬɜɨɪɢɬɧɨɪɦɵɩɪɚɜɚɚ ɭɧɚɫɫɭɞɧɟɪɟɞɤɨɡɚɧɹɬɢɫɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɧɟɫɨɜɫɟɦɭɞɚɱɧɵɯɢɥɢɧɨɪɦ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɛɟɥɚɦɢ» ɂ ɬɭɬ ɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɢɥɫɜɨɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ«ɩɨ-ɪɭɫɫɤɢ»: «ɉɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ—
ɷɬɨɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɧɵɣɜɵɫɲɢɦɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɦɨɪɝɚɧɨɦɜɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɦɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɫɭɞɨɜ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ»
ɋɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɭɠɟ ɡɚɧɹɥ ɫɜɨɺ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜ ɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɚɜɚ Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟɜɪɟɦɹɞɚɥɟɤɨɨɬɟɝɨɩɨɥɧɨɤɪɨɜɧɨɝɨɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɝɨɫɬɚɬɭɫɚɜ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɟɧɨɩɪɢɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɢɞɟɥɫɭɞɚɦɞɚɜɧɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɟɞɢɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦ ɞɟɥɚɦ ɗɬɨ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɨ ɜ ɫɬ ȽɉɄ ɊɎ ɝɞɟ ɫɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɟɞɢɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɹɦɵɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɬɦɟɧɵ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɧɚɞɡɨɪɚ Ɉɩɵɬɧɵɟ ɚɞɜɨɤɚɬɵ ɞɚɜɧɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɢɺɦ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɹ ɫɜɨɢ ɞɨɜɨɞɵ, ɨɧɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɭɞɶɟ ɩɚɪɭ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɞɪɭɝɢɯɫɭɞɨɜɩɨɩɨɯɨɠɢɦɞɟɥɚɦɉɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɫɭɞɟɛɧɚɹɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɟɞɢɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɧɚɪɭɲɚɬɶ ɧɟɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɞɚ ɧɚɜɟɪɧɹɤɚ ɛɭɞɟɬɜɩɨɥɶɡɭɬɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɷɬɭɫɚɦɭɸɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɚɫɭɞɭ
Ɋɨɥɶɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɫɦɵɫɥɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɉɥɟɧɭɦɨɜȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨɝɨɢȼɵɫɲɟɝɨȺɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɧɨɝɨɫɭɞɨɜɩɨɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦɩɪɚɜɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɊɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɚɹɪɨɥɶɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɧɨɪɦɜɞɚɧɧɵɯɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɯɚɬɚɤɠɟɈɛɡɨɪɨɜɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɺɧɧɨɣ ɉɪɟɡɢɞɢɭɦɨɦ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɋɭɞɚ ɊɎ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɺɧɧɨɣ ɩɢɫɶɦɚɦɢ ȼɵɫɲɟɝɨ Ⱥɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɋɭɞɚ ɊɎ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɚ ɫɬɚɬɶɹɦɢ ɢ Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ ɊɎ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɹɦɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɫɭɞɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ«Ɉ Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɋɭɞɟ ɊɎ» ɫɬ ɱ ɫɬ ɢ ɫɬ ɩ ɢ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦɢ ɨɛ ɭɫɬɚɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɭɞɚɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɊɎ.
ȼɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟɜɪɟɦɹɜɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣɧɚɭɤɟɜɟɞɭɬɫɹɛɭɪɧɵɟ ɞɢɫɤɭɫɫɢɢɧɚɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚɦɨɝɥɨɛɵ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚɦɨɬɢɜɢɪɭɟɬɫɹɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶɸɜɵɫɲɢɯɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɜɱɚɫɬɢɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɚɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢɱɫɬ ɢ ɫɬ Ƚɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɟɞɢɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ
ɫɭɞɚɦɢ ɧɨɪɦ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɩ ɫɬ Ⱥɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ Ʉɨɞɟɤɫɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ȿɞɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɟɞɢɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɠɟ ɩɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɢ ɫɭɞɨɦ ɱ ɫɬ ɄɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ
Ɉɩɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɜɨɡɪɚɠɚɸɬ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɮɟɧɨɦɟɧ ɟɞɢɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɵɦ ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɜɧɨɫɢɬɶɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɜɄɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɸ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɜɫɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɨɨɬɨɦɱɬɨɫɭɞɶɢ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵ ɢ ɩɨɞɱɢɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ ɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɟɞɢɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢɧɟɦɨɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɵɬɟɤɫɬɨɦɄɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢɜɫɬ ɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɞɨɜ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɣ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɧɨ ɧɟ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɟɺ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɚ ȼ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬɦɧɟɧɢɟɬɨɦɱɬɨɧɨɪɦɵ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɸɳɢɟ ɫɭɞɚɦ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ
ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɞɨɜɨɞɚ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ Ɉɇ Ʉɨɪɨɫɬɟɥɤɢɧɚ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɚɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɢɥɚɫɶ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɸ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɵɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ȼ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɞɜɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɚɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ Ⱦɜɚ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɸ ɟɞɢɧɨɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜɩɪɚɜɚ—ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨɩɪɚɜɨɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ
Ɉɩɢɪɚɹɫɶ ɧɚ ɜɵɲɟɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɬɶ ɢ ɨɛ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɭ ɫɭɞɨɜ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɢɧɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɋɭɞɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɚɜɬɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɵɯ ɭɱɺɧɵɯ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɵ ɩɵɬɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɥɢɛɨɜɵɞɚɸɬɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɟɩɪɚɜɚɡɚɩɪɚɜɨɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɭɸɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ[2].
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɟɫɨɦɧɟɧɧɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɨɝɚɳɟɧɢɸ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɩɪɚɜɚ
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
1. Ɇɚɬɭɡɨɜ ɇɂ ɢ Ɇɚɥɶɤɨ Ⱥȼ«Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɉɪɚɜɚ», ɘɪɢɫɬɴɝ
2. ɉɚɲɟɧɰɟɜ ȾȺ ɋɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɟɊɨɫɫɢɢɍȾɄɋ-80.
3. Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɧɚȼȼ«Ɉɫɧɨɜɵɩɪɚɜɚ»ɎɈɊɍɆ-ɝ
4. ɋɩɟɤɬɨɪȿɂɋɭɞɟɛɧɵɣɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɤɚɤɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɩɪɚɜɚɀɭɪɧɚɥ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɩɪɚɜɚ-ʋ- 2003. -ɋ
ɂɋɌɈɊɂəɄɈɅɅȿȾɀȺɄɈɋɆɂɑȿɋɄɈȽɈ ɆȺɒɂɇɈɋɌɊɈȿɇɂəɂɌȿɏɇɈɅɈȽɂɃ
Ʉɨɦɚɪɨɜɚ ȺɧɚɫɬɚɫɢɹȺɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɧɚɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɤɚɤɭɪɫɚɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢɢɩɪɚɜɚ
ɇɚɭɱɧɵɣɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɎɨɦɢɱɟɜɚ ȼɚɥɟɪɢɹɘɪɶɟɜɧɚ, ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶ
Ʉɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɛɵɥ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ɩɨ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɬɢɜɟ ɥɟɝɟɧɞɚɪɧɨɝɨ Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɚ ɪɚɤɟɬɧɨ-ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɋɉ Ʉɨɪɨɥɺɜɚ Ⱦɨɥɝɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɧɟɯɜɚɬɤɚ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɟɣɱɬɨɩɪɢɜɟɥɨɤɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɦɭɜɵɛɨɪɭɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɣɇɨ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹɧɢɧɚɱɬɨɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɥɜɫɟɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɹɢɩɨɞɧɹɥɫɹ ɧɚɧɨɜɵɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɇɚɞɚɧɧɵɣɦɨɦɟɧɬɜɭɱɟɛɧɨɦɡɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɢɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱥ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɠɟɥɚɸɳɢɯ ɨɛɭɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɤɚɠɞɵɦ ɝɨɞɨɦ ɇɚɲɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ ɝɨɪɞɹɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɧɟɫɥɢ ɫɜɨɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɚɢɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ
Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɹɋɉɄɨɪɨɥɟɜɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ.
THE HISTORY OF COLLEGE OF SPACE ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Komarova Anastasia,2nd year student of the Department of economics and law
Scientific adviser:Fomichyova Valery,a teacher
College of space engineering and technology was founded by famous designer of rocket and space Sergey Pavlovich Korolev in 1947. For a long time after the creature, college was not having teaching staff, which
resulting was a limited choice of professions. Despite of everything, college solved the problems and reached a new level. Every year institute finds students for education. And the number of wishers increases every year. Our students are very proud of people, who finished this college and did part in the development of the college and space industry.
Korolyov ɫollege of space engineering and technology, S.P. Korolev, development of educational process.
ɦɚɪɬɚɝɨɞɚɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ-ɥɟɬɢɟɫɨɞɧɹɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɢ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɨɠɢɞɚɸɬ ɩɪɢɛɵɬɢɹ ɝɨɫɬɟɣɜɬɨɦɱɢɫɥɟɢɡɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɛɥɢɠɧɟɝɨɢɞɚɥɶɧɟɝɨɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɶɹ
ɐɟɥɶɸɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɛɵɥɫɛɨɪɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɨɛɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɟɺ ɜ ɥɚɤɨɧɢɱɧɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɧɚ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɹɡɵɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɹɡɵɤɨɜ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɧɢ ɩɪɚɡɞɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɸɛɢɥɟɹɗɬɨɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɟɦ ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹɢɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ
Ʉɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɭɦ ɛɵɥ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɤɚɡɭ ɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚ ɜɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɋɋɋɊ ɨɬ ɦɚɪɬɚ ɝ ɩɨ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɬɢɜɟ ɥɟɝɟɧɞɚɪɧɨɝɨ Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɚ ɪɚɤɟɬɧɨ-ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɬɟɯɧɢɤɢɋɉɄɨɪɨɥɺɜɚ>@
ɋɉ Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜ– ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɣ ɭɱɟɧɵɣ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɫɦɨɧɚɜɬɢɤɢ Ɉɧ ɛɵɥ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɚɢɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɤɨɪɚɛɥɹ
ɉɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɥɫɹ ɢɡ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɟɣɭɱɢɥɢɳɚɢɭɱɢɬɟɥɟɣɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɲɤɨɥ
ɋɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɥɢɫɶ ɥɸɞɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɜɲɢɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟɦɶ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɂ ɷɬɢ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ ɭɱɢɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɜɟɱɟɪɧɟɦ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɹɦ
-ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɥɟɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ -Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ>@
ȼ ɝɨɞɭ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɵ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɥɢ ɷɬɨɬ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɞɧɟɜɧɨɟɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹɢɩɨɹɜɢɥɚɫɶɧɨɜɚɹɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɹ–
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɵɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɜɨɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɭ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ
ɇɨ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɵ ɤɚɤ ȽɆ ɉɚɭɤɨɜ ɇə Ʌɨɲɤɚɪɺɜ ɢ ɉɂ Ɇɢɯɚɣɥɨɜɩɨɦɨɝɥɢɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɭɜɟɝɨɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ>2].
ȼɝɨɞɭɩɨɹɜɢɥɢɫɶɟɳɟɧɨɜɵɟɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɢ -ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɞɥɹɗȼɆ
-ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɢɛɭɯɝɚɥɬɟɪɫɤɢɣɭɱɺɬ>@
ɋɬɭɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɥɢ ɩɨɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɚ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣɫɨɫɬɚɜɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɬɶɫɹ
Ʉ ɝɨɞɭ ɛɵɥɢ ɭɠɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɵ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ ɢ ɞɪ Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɜɫɟ ɨɧɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɵ ɫɬɚɧɤɚɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚɦɢ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɦɢ ɜɟɳɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜɢɢɯɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɧɚɱɚɥɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɭ ɩɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɵɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɹɦ Ɂɚ ɜɫɟ ɷɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɩɪɨɲɟɥ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɸɸ ɤɚɪɶɟɪɭ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɇɨ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɟ ɷɬɨ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɢɞɟɸ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ«ɒɤɨɥɚ– Ʉɨɥɥɟɞɠ– ɉɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ– ȼɍɁ» ɗɬɨ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬɫɜɹɡɶɧɚɲɟɝɨɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɚɫɞɪɭɝɢɦɢɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɹɦɢɢɮɚɛɪɢɤɚɦɢ ɞɥɹɪɚɛɨɬɵɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ
Ⱦɥɹ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɬɚɥɚɧɬɨɜ ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɧɚɲɟɥ ɤɪɟɚɬɢɜɧɵɣɩɨɞɯɨɞɋɨɡɞɚɧɵɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɞɥɹɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜɢ ɢɯ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɟ ɛɸɪɨ ɜɢɪɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɦɭɡɟɣɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟɤɥɭɛɵ>@
ȼ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɚɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ
ɇɚɲ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɨɤɨɧɱɢɥɢ ɫɜɵɲɟ ɬɵɫɹɱ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɣɜɤɥɸɱɚɹɡɧɚɦɟɧɢɬɵɯɥɸɞɟɣɤɚɤȽɆɉɚɭɤɨɜɂȼɉɚɧɢɧ ɢ ɞɪ ɂ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨ ɦɵ ɜɫɟ ɢɦɢ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɝɨɪɞɢɦɫɹ ɇɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹɛɨɥɟɟɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɂɹɧɚɞɟɸɫɶɱɬɨɦɵɜɫɟɬɚɤɠɟɜɧɟɫɟɦ ɫɜɨɣɜɤɥɚɞɜɢɫɬɨɪɢɸɢɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɧɚɲɟɝɨɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɚ
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤ–Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜ
2. Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜɤɢɣ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣɋɬɚɬɶɹɢɡɜɢɤɢɩɟɟɞɢɢKWWSVUXZLNLSHGLDRUJZLNL
3. Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɚɣɬ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɚ >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ: http://unitech-mo.ru/obrazovanie/school -divisions/college-space-engineering-technology
ȼɅȺɋɌɖɂȿȿɂɋɌɈɑɇɂɄɂ
Ɇɚɫɢɤ Ɇɚɪɢɹȼɢɬɚɥɶɟɜɧɚ,ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɤɚɤɭɪɫɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢɢɩɪɚɜɚ
ɇɚɭɱɧɵɣɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɊɭɡɚɟɜɚ ȿɥɟɧɚȼɚɫɢɥɶɟɜɧɚ,ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶ ȼɥɚɫɬɶ-ɷɬɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɐɟɥɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɜɵɦɢ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜɵɦɢ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɬɞ ȼɥɚɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɡɜɚɧɚ ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɫɟ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵɞɨɫɬɢɱɶɬɟɯɰɟɥɟɣɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɞɨɥɠɧɵɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶɧɨɜɦɟɫɬɟɫ ɬɟɦ ɭɥɭɱɲɚɬɶ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɭ ɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɉɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɝɪɚɧɧɨ ɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɚɫɩɟɤɬɧɨ ɇɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲɧɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɜɥɚɫɬɶ- ɷɬɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɭɩɨɪɹɞɨɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɢɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɚ
ȼɥɚɫɬɶɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɜɥɚɫɬɢɢɟɟɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɹɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɜɥɚɫɬɶɢɟɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ.
POWER AND ITS SOURCES
Masik Maria,1st year student of the Department of economics and law Scientific adviser: Ruzaeva Elena,ɚteacher of the highest category
Power management is a specific tool used to achieve these goals.
Targets can be group, class, collective, private, public, etc. Authorities urged to do everything in order to achieve the goals that must remain, but at the same time to improve and change the object of government. The concept of power is multifaceted and multidimensional. To date, the government - a special social institution, which regulates social relations and behavior of the individual.
The power components of power and its typology, political power and its sources.
ɇɟɨɫɩɨɪɢɦɵɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɭ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɜɥɚɫɬɶ ɗɬɨ ɫɢɥɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɱɥɟɧɨɜ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɹɯ - ɨɫɨɛɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɸɞɶɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɜɨɸɜɨɥɸ
ɋɥɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɞɚ ɢ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɛɟɡ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɬɨɣ ɫɚɦɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɜɨ ɜɫɟ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨ