精算表は 8 桁構成です。精算表には以下の情報が記載されます。
For a basic format, the worksheet should have eight columns; namely, a debit and a credit column for four groups of figures:
1. 試算表 (Trial balance) 2. 修正項目 (Adjustments)
3. 損益計算書 (Income statement) 4. 損益対象表 (Balance sheet)
10 桁フォーマットの精算表も会社によっては採用しています。この精算表では 新たに修正試算表を作成します。
1. 試算表 2. 修正項目
3. 修正試算表 (Adjusted Trial Balance) 4. 損益計算書
5. 貸借対照表
作成手順をStepで表すと下記の様になります。
1. Enter the trial balance figures from the ledger. 総勘定元帳から作成される修正前
145 の試算表を書き写します。
2. Enter the adjustments. 修正項目の勘定科目を追加記入し、修正欄に修正項目の
修正仕訳を記入。
3. Extend the adjusted trial balance and the adjustment figures to either the income statement or balance sheet columns. 修正項目も含めた各勘定の数字を右にスラ イドさせて、損益計算書にあてはまる勘定科目と貸借対照表にあてはまる勘定科 目に分け、損益計算書、貸借対照表をそれぞれ作成。
4. Total the income statement columns and the balance sheet columns. 損益計算書 と貸借対照表にDr.とCr.の合計金額を算出しておきます。
5. Enter the net income or net loss. 損益計算書で算出した利益または損失を右側の 貸借対照表にスライドさせてDr.とCr.の合計が一致すれば完成です。
Example 1
From the following trial balance and adjustment information, prepare an eight-column worksheet.
以下の情報から8桁の精算表を作成しなさい。
Sade Trial Balance December 31, 2001
Dr. Cr.
Cash $ 7,000
Accounts Receivable 3,500
Prepaid Rent 3,000
Supplies 800
Equipment 6,200
Accounts Payable $ 4,500
Sade, Capital 12,000
Fees Income 10,000
Salaries Expense 4,600
General Expense 1,400
$26,500 $26,500
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Adjustment Information(修正項目)
事業年度末に3つの修正事項がありました。
(a) Rent Expired for Year $1,200 家賃費用の計上もれ (b) Supplies on Hand $200 消耗品費の計上もれ (c) Salaries Accrued $400 給与未払い
作成手順:
1. Enter the trial balance figures. 上の試算表(修正前)の数字を試算表に書き写 します。
Account Title
Trial
Balance Adjustments Income Statement
Balance Sheet
Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 7,000
Accounts Receivable 3,500
Prepaid Rent 3,000
Supplies 800
Equipment 6,200
Accounts Payable 4,500
Sade, Capital 12,000
Fees Income 10,000
Salaries Expense 4,600
General Expense 1,400 26,500 26,500
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2. Enter the adjustments. 修正項目の仕訳をして精算表に転記します。
(a) 試算表に前払家賃が$3,000 計上されています。経費として今期発生分の$1,200 家賃費用として計上します:
Rent Expense* 1,200
Prepaid Rent 1,200
*この仕訳を精算表に転記するときRent Expense 勘定は試算式に記載されていないため、精
算表の下に新たにRent Expense欄を設けます。
The account name, Rent Expense, should be written in at the bottom of the worksheet.
(b) 試算表に計上されている消耗品費は $800 ですが、手元(One hand)にあるのは
$200です。差額の $600は消費されてしまったので、経費として修正します。
Supplies Expense* 600
Supplies 600
*この仕訳を精算表に転記するときSupplies Expense勘定は試算表に記載されていないため、
精算表の下に新たにSupplies Expense欄を設けます。
The account Supplies Expense should be written in at the bottom of the worksheet.
(c) 給与の未払いが期末に$400発生したので修正します。
Salaries Expense 400
Salaries Payable* 400
*この仕訳を精算表に転記するときSalaries Payable勘定は試算表に記載されていないため、
精算表の下に新たにSalaries Payable欄を設けます。
The account title Salaries Payable should also be written in on the worksheet.
Account Title
Trial
Balance Adjustments Income
Statement
Balance Sheet
Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 7,000
Accounts Receivable 3,500
Prepaid Rent 3,000 (a) 1,200
Supplies 800 (b) 600
Equipment 6,200
Accounts Payable 4,500
Sade, Capital 12,000
Fees Income 10,000
Salaries Expense 4,600 (c) 400
General Expense 1,400 26,500 26,500
148
Rent Expense (a) 1,200
Supplies Expense (b) 600
Salaries Payable (c) 400
2,200 2,200
3. Extend the trial Balance Figures and the adjustment figures to the income
statement. 損益計算書に該当する修正勘定と試算表勘定を右にスライドさせま
す。IncomeとExpense 勘定を右にスライドさせます。
Account Title
Trial
Balance Adjustments Income
Statement
Balance Sheet
Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 7,000
Accounts Receivable 3,500
Prepaid Rent 3,000 (a)1,200
Supplies 800 (b) 600
Equipment 6,200
Accounts Payable 4,500
Sade, Capital 12,000
Fees Income 10,000 10,000
Salaries Expense 4,600 (c) 400 5,000*
General Expense 1,400 1,400
26,500 26,500
Rent Expense (a)1,200 1,200
Supplies Expense (b) 600 600
Salaries Payable (c) 400 2,200 2,200 8,200 10,000
*Salaries Expenseは試算表の残高に修正金額 (Dr.$400) を合わせた金額になります。このよう
に数字を右にスライドするときに修正金額があれば注意しなければいけません。仮に、修正金額 がCr. $400であればSalaries Expenseは$4,200 ($4,600-$400) になります。
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4. Extend the trial balance figures and the adjustment figures to the balance sheet columns. Balance Sheet 勘定を同じように右にスライドさせます。
Account Title
Trial
Balance Adjustments Income Statement
Balance Sheet
Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 7,000 7,000
Accounts Receivable 3,500 3,500
Prepaid Rent 3,000 (a)1,200 1,800
Supplies 800 (b) 600 200
Equipment 6,200 6,200
Accounts Payable 4,500 4,500
Sade, Capital 12,000 12,000
Fees Income 10,000 10,000
Salaries Expense 4,600 (c) 400 5,000
General Expense 1,400 1,400
26,500 26,500
Rent Expense (a)1,200 1,200
Supplies Expense (b) 600 600
Salaries Payable (c) 400 400
2,200 2,200 8,200 10,000 18,700 16,900
150
5. Total the income statement columns and balance sheet columns.
損益計算書の Dr.と Cr.の合計金額の差額を計算します。この差額の金額が Net IncomeまたはNet Loss になります。Net IncomeまたはNet Loss の金額をDr.
またはCr.の最終合計を合わせておきます。
Account Title
Trial
Balance Adjustments Income Statement
Balance Sheet
Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 7,000 7,000
Accounts Receivable 3,500 3,500
Prepaid Rent 3,000 (a)1,200 1,800
Supplies 800 (b) 600 200
Equipment 6,200 6,200
Accounts Payable 4,500 4,500
Sade, Capital 12,000 12,000
Fees Income 10,000 10,000
Salaries Expense 4,600 (c) 400 5,000*
General Expense 1,400 1,400
26,500 26,500
Rent Expense (a)1,200 1,200
Supplies Expense (b) 600 600
Salaries Payable (c) 400 400
2,200 2,200 8,200 10,000 18,700 16,900
Net Income 1,800
10,000 10,000
このようにNet Incomeが$1,800でした。Dr.側に記入して最終合計の数字を$10,000 で合わせます。
6. Enter the net income or net loss. 最後にNet Incomeの数宇をBalance Sheet 側にスライドさせてDr.とCr.の最終合計が合えば完成です。
151 Worksheet December 31, 2001
Account Title
Trial
Balance Adjustments Income Statement
Balance Sheet
Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 7,000 7,000
Accounts Receivable 3,500 3,500
Prepaid Rent 3,000 (a) 1,200 1,800
Supplies 800 (b) 600 200
Equipment 6,200 6,200
Accounts Payable 4,500 4,500
Sade, Capital 12,000 12,000
Fees Income 10,000 10,000
Salaries Expense 4,600 (c) 400 5,000
General Expense 1,400 1,400
26,500 26,500
Rent Expense (a) 1,200 1,200
Supplies Expense (b) 600 600
Salaries Payable (c) 400 400
2,200 2,200 8,200 10,000 18,700 16,900
Net Income 1,800 1,800
10,000 10,000 18,700 18,700
1. 精算表を英語で? .
2. 精算表で最も左側に記載される表は? . 3. 精算表で最も右側に作成される表は? .
Answers
1. Worksheet 2. Trial Balance 3. Balance Sheet Summary
152
Solution p.155
8.1 The following selected accounts are taken from the ledger of Enya Inc. Place check marks in the appropriate columns to which the accounts will be extended in the worksheet.
Title Income Statement Balance Sheet
Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
(1) Cash
(2) Accounts Receivable (3) Accounts Payable (4) Enya, Drawing (5) Enya, Capital (6) Fees Income
(7) Depreciation Expense (8) Salaries Payable
8.2 From the following trial balances and adjustments information, prepare an eight-
column worksheet. 8桁の精算表を作成しなさい。
Adjustments:
(a) Rent expired for year, $1,000 (b) Supplies on hand, $300 (c) Salaries accrued, $400
まず、修正仕訳を作成しなさい。
Adjusting Entries (a)
(b)
(c)
Problems
153
Mahler Company Trial Balance December 31, 2001 Account
Title
Trial
Balance Adjustments Income Statement
Balance Sheet
Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 8,000
Accounts Receivable 3,500
Prepaid Rent 3,000
Supplies 800
Equipment 6,200
Accounts Payable 5,500
Mahler, Capital 12,000
Fees Income 10,000
Salaries Expense 4,600
General Expense 1,400 27,500 27,500
8.3 Complete closing entries for Mahler Co. 完成した精算表の損益計算書を参考に決 算振替仕訳を作成しなさい。
Closing Entries (a)
(b)
154 (C)
8.4 完成した精算表から財務諸表を完成させなさい。
Mahler Company Income Statement
For the Period Ending December 31, 2001
Fees Income Expenses:
Salaries Expense Rent Expense Supplies Expense
General Expense
Total Expenses
Net Income
Mahler Company Balance Sheet December 31, 2001
Current Assets: Liabilities:
Cash Accounts Payable
Accounts Receivable Salaries Payable Prepaid Rent Total Liabilities Supplies Capital:
Total Current Assets Capital, Jan.1, 2001
Fixed Assets: Add: Net Income
Equipment Capital, Dec. 31, 2001 Total Assets Total Liabilities and Capital
155