中学校女子における運動遊びを取り入れた体育授業の効果検証

஦ָߏঃࢢͶ͕͜Ζӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘Ηͪରүदۂ͹ްՎݗৄ

ోᬔ ༦ղ ¹⁾ ॡೖ ߌহ ²⁾ ྵ໨ ༡ي¹⁾ ঘௗ୫ ݜ್¹⁾

Verify effect of physical education classes incorporating athletic play in junior high school girls

Yusuke Watanabe ¹⁾ Kosho Kasuga ²⁾ Yuki Suzuki¹⁾ Kenji Kobase¹⁾

1ʥ ز෠୉ָ୉ָӅگүָݜڂՌ

Graduate School of EducationɾGifu University YanagidoɾGifuɾGifuɾJapan 501-1193 2ʥ ز෠୉ָگүָ෨

Faculty of EducationɾGifu University YanagidoɾGifuɾGifuɾJapan 501-1193

Ϋʖϭʖχʁ஦ָߏঃࢢɾରүदۂɾਐର׈ಊྖɾӣಊ༣;

Keyword : Junior high school girls, Physical education classes, Physical activity,([HUFLVHSOD\

I. ॻॻݶ

ྒྷ͏ରүदۂ͹ࢨඬ͹ҲͯͶͺӣಊکౕ͗ڏ͝ΔΗͱ͕Εʤ߶ڰɾ2000ʥɾӣಊکౕ͗஦ʀ߶

ఖౕͲָ͍ͮͪसं͹ׄ߻ͳदۂ͹ܙ੔ద඲Ճ͹ؔͶͺ༙қ͵ؖ࿊͗ΊΔΗͪͳๅࠄ͠Ηͱ͏

Ζʤηϫφɾ2004ʥɿͯΉΕɾࢢʹ΍Ͷͳͮͱྒྷ͏दۂΝߨ͑ͪΌͶͺରүदۂͶ͕͏ͱҲఈҐ

৏͹ਐର׈ಊྖΝ֮ฯͤΖ͞ͳ͗චགྷͲ͍Ζͳ͏͓Ζɿ

͖͢͢ɾରүदۂͺଡ͚͹ୱݫͶΓͮͱߑ੔͠ΗɾͨΗͩΗ͹ୱݫಝ੓͗ҡ͵ΖͪΌɾୱݫͶ Γͮͱਐର׈ಊྖͶҩ͏͍͗ΕʤՅծΆ͖ɾ1997ʥɾਫ਼ైҲਕҲਕ͹ᅄ޹͹ҩ͏͖Δਐର׈ಊྖ

Ͷݺਕࠫ͗ਫ਼ͣΖͳๅࠄ͠Ηͱ͏Ζʤ৏ஏɾ2010ʥɿͯΉΕɾਐର׈ಊྖΝ֮ฯͤΖ৏Ͳي॑͵

࣎ؔͲ͍ΖରүदۂͶ͕͏ͱɾຘ࣎ؔસҽ͗ҲఈҐ৏͹ਐର׈ಊྖΝ֮ฯͲ͘ͱ͏Ζͳͺߡ͓

Ͷ͚͚ɾͨ͞ͶͺՁΔ͖͹޽෋͗ٽΌΔΗΖɿ

ͨ͞ͲɾຌݜڂͲͺ६ඍӣಊ͹࣎ؔͶ஥໪ͪ͢ɿରүदۂͲͺɾकӣಊͶ೘Ζ઴Ͷ६ඍӣಊΝ ߨ͑͞ͳͺ৙Ͳ͍Εʤࠦ౨ɾ1987ʥɾ६ඍӣಊͺɾਐରΝஈΌͱ͞Η͖Δߨָ͑सΝްՎదͶͤ

ΖͪΌͶৼਐ͹༙ཤ͵ସ੐Ν੖͓Ζ͞ͳΝ໪దͳ͢ͱ͏Ζʤԗࢃɾ1974ʥɿ͖͢͢ɾରүदۂͶ

͕͜Ζ६ඍӣಊͺɾଡ͚͹ݳ৖Ͳ۸৵ʀ৵ٯ౵͹ର૤ΝߺྫͶݼԢͤΖܙͲߨͮͱ͕Εʤ஦ଞΆ

͖ɾ2016ʥɾٓࣞదɾܙࣞదͶ͵Ε͗ͬͲ͍Ζͳࢨఢ͠Ηͱ͏Ζʤ౽ీɾ1982ʥɿͨ͹ͪΌɾԗࢃ

ʤ1974ʥͺ६ඍӣಊͲͺ؈ୱ͵༣ٖΏڟ૬͹ܙΝखΕ೘ΗɾรԿͳڷັΝ༫͓ͱୱ௒͠Ν͵͚ͤ

޽෋͗චགྷͲ͍Ζͳफ़΄ͱ͏Ζɿ

༣ٖΏڟ૬͹ܙΝ؜΋۫ରྭͳ͢ͱͺӣಊ༣;͗ڏ͝ΔΗΖɿӣಊ༣;ͺֺ͢Ί͵͗Δ܊Η ͱ༣΁͞ͳͲରྙʀӣಊ೵ྙ͗ࣙષͳ߶ΉΕʤѲ؛ɾ2009ʂ੤ీɾ2010ʥɾ͠ΔͶͺਐରదɾ೟

எదɾऀճదɾ৚ಊద͵ʹ༹ʓ͵ଈ໚͹൅ୣͶྒྷ͏ӪڻΝٶ·ͤ͞ͳ͖Δʤآཱིɾ2005ʥɾৼਐ

͹൅ୣͶ͞ΗΆʹ༙ް͵΍͹ͺ͵͏ͳ͠Ηͱ͏Ζʤஓీɾ2005ʥɿ

ӣಊ༣;ͺ༰ঙ೧غ͹ࢢʹ΍Ͷͳͮͱֺ͚͢׈ಊద͵΍͹Ͳ͍Ζ͞ͳͺबஎ͹ࣆࣰͲ͍Ζ͗ɾ ࢧॡغ͹࠹஦Ͳ͍Ζ஦ָߏঃࢢͶͳͮͱͺͨ͑ͳͺݸΔ͵͏ɿରྙʀӣಊस׵͹್ۅԿ͗਄ࠃԿ

͢ͱ͏Ζ஦ָߏঃࢢʤηϛʖςுɾ2017ʥͶଲ͢ͱରүदۂͶ͕͏ͱɾӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗΖ͞

ͳͲસҽ͗ยΕ͵͚ҲఈҐ৏͹ਐର׈ಊྖΝ֮ฯͲ͘ɾ͖ͯਫ਼ైֺ͚͗͢қཋదͶରүदۂͶ ଲ͢ͱखΕૌ΋͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ηͻ৿ͪ͵दۂߑ஛Ͷܪ͗Ζ༙༽੓͹͍ΖࣖࠨΝ఑ڛͲ͘Ζͳߡ͓

Ζɿͨ͞Ͳɾຌݜڂͺ௪৙ߨΚΗͱ͏Ζରүदۂͳӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗͪରүदۂͲਐର׈ಊྖ

͕Γ;ਫ਼ై͹қࣟͺʹ͹ఖౕҡ͵Ζ͹͖໎Δ͖ͶͤΖ͞ͳΝ໪దͳͪ͢ɿ

II. ݜݜڂ๏๑ 1ʥଲে

ଲেͺGݟ͹஦ָߏ1೧ਫ਼ঃࢢ40໌ͳͪ͢ɿܯ଎ୱݫͺ਼͍Ζୱݫ͹஦Ͳ΍ਐର׈ಊྖΝ֭

ಚ͢ͰΔ͏ͳࢧΚΗΖϜρφӣಊͳͪ͢ɿܯ଎ͺ௪৙ߨΚΗͱ͏Ζην΢ϩ͹दۂʤҐ߳ɾ௪৙

ରүʥͳɾ༁15෾ؔӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗͱήϩʖϕճΏ஦ؔݜڂճ^஭1Ν঴͏ͪदۂʤҐ߳ɾACP ରүʥΝ1յͥͯߨͮͪɿ֦दۂ͹਼࣎ɾ࣎ؔɾदۂఴ֋͹֕གྷ͕Γ;֦दۂ৖໚ͶඇΏ͠Ηͪ

࣎ؔదׄ߻^஭2Ͷͯ͏ͱͺන1 Ͷࣖͪ͢ɿ͵͕ӣಊ༣;ͺɾݶ͑͞ͳҲॻΏΖ͞ͳҲॻɾϋθϝ

ಂ͗͢ɾࢢำΘࢢำΘɾरߨِɾΠϩτΡϟρφۆ೘ΗΝમ୔ͪ͢ɿ͞ΗΔ͹ӣಊ༣;ͺΠέτ Ρϔʀοϡ΢ϩχʀϕϫήϧϞʤACPʥͶΓͮͱ఑঑͠Ηͱ͏ΖɿACPͺɾࢢʹ΍͗ਐରΝಊ͖

ͤ͞ͳ͹॑གྷ੓Ώ۫ରద͵ӣಊ༣;Ώఽট༣;͵ʹͶͯ͏ͱΉͳΌΔΗͱ͕Εɾસࠅద͵وໝ Ͳӣಊʀηϛʖς͹෕ٶʀܔ൅Ͷ୉͚߫͘ݛ͢ͱͪ͘΍͹Ͳ͍Ζʤ੪໼ɾ2018ʥɿΉͪɾ஦ָߏ

ঃࢢͶ͕͜Ζ౦೵ྙ͗ఁԾ͹Ҳ౏Νḹͮͱ͏Ζݳয়Ν਒ڧͤΖͪΌɾΠϩτΡϟρφۆ೘

ΗΝӣಊ༣;ͶՅ͓ͪɿ͵͕ɾͨΗͩΗ͹ӣಊ༣;͹ઈ໎Ͷͯ͏ͱͺ஭3Ͷࣖ͢ͱ͏Ζɿ

න1 ֦दۂ͹਼࣎ɾ࣎ؔɾदۂఴ֋͹֕གྷ͕Γ;֦दۂ৖໚ͶඇΏ͠Ηͪ࣎ؔదׄ߻

ᤵᴗᒎ㛤ࡢᴫせ

᫬ᩘ

᫬㛫

㐠ືᏛ⩦ሙ㠃 ㄆ▱ⓗᏛ⩦ሙ㠃

࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺሙ㠃 Ꮫ⩦ᣦᑟሙ㠃

୺㐠ືᏛ⩦ሙ㠃 㐠ື㐟ࡧሙ㠃

10.5% 5.6%

47.4% 39.1%

0.0% 33.2%

46ศ39⛊ 49ศ59⛊

ᤵ ᴗ

඲ య

࡟ ᑐ ࡍ

ࡿ ๭

ྜ

㏻ᖖయ⫱

‽ഛయ᧯Ѝㄝ᫂Ѝࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ఍Ѝ

⦎⩦Ѝ୰㛫◊✲఍Ѝ⦎⩦Ѝࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ఍Ѝࡲ࡜ࡵ

ACPయ⫱

㐠ື㐟ࡧЍㄝ᫂ЍࢫࢺࣞࢵࢳЍ⦎⩦Ѝࡲ࡜ࡵ

3/8 4/8

61.5% 84.4%

12.7% 0.0%

15.3% 10.0%

2ʥʥਐର׈ಊྖ͹ܯ଎๏๑

ຌݜڂͲͺɾରүदۂ࣎Ͷ͕͜Ζਫ਼ై͹ਐର׈ಊྖͳ͢ͱSUZUKENऀ੣Lifecorder GSΝ༽

͏ͱิ਼͕Γ;ӣಊکౕΝܯ଎ͪ͢ɿLifecorder GS ͶΓΖਐର׈ಊྖ͹ܯ଎͹ଧ౲੓͵Δ;Ͷ

৶བ੓ͺ߶͚ʤଏཱིΆ͖ɾ2009ʂీ஦Ά͖ɾ2007ʥɾMETS ͳ͹ؖ࿊͗ΊΔΗͪͳ΍ๅࠄ͠Ηͱ

͏ΖʤKumahara et al.ɾ2004ʂṦ޳Ά͖ɾ2003ʥɿӣಊکౕͶͯ͏ͱࠦ౽Ά͖ʤ2011ʥʂKumahara

et al.ʤ2004ʥͺɾʤLC0~0.5ʥΝ࠴Ғ׈ಊɾʤLC1~3ʥΝఁکౕਐର׈ಊɾʤLC4~6ʥΝ஦کౕਐର

׈ಊ͕Γ;ʤLC7~9ʥΝ߶کౕਐର׈ಊͳ͢ͱ඲Ճ͢ͱ͕ΕɾຌݜڂͶ͕͏ͱ΍ಋ༹͹඲Ճخ६ Ν༽͏ͪɿܯ଎ೖͶؖ͢ͱ਄ݡΆ͖ʤ2000ʥʂ߶ڰΆ͖ʤ1994ʥͺɾୱݫ઴ൔͲͺ௜ંదࢨ಍৖

໚ΏϜϋζϟϱφ৖໚͗ଡ͚͵Εӣಊָस৖໚͗੏ݸ͠ΗΖͪΌɾӣಊָस͗࠹΍׈൅ͶߨΚ ΗΖ͹ͺୱݫ஦൭Ͳ͍Ζͳफ़΄ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͖ΔɾຌݜڂͲͺୱݫ઴ൔΝඈ͜ୱݫ஦൭Νܯ଎ೖ

ͳͪ͢ɿ

3ʥରүदۂ͹޹ݑ͕Γ;֦दۂͶଲͤΖਫ਼ై͹қࣟ

Πϱίʖφ௒ࠬͺदۂ઴ͳ 2 ͯ͹दۂ͗शΚͮͪޛ͹ܯ 2 յࣰࢬͪ͢ɿܯ଎઴͹Πϱίʖφ

௒ࠬͶͯ͏ͱͺɾਫ਼ైͶଲ͢ͱʰରүदۂͺ޹͘Ͳ͍Ζ͖ʱͳ͏࣯͑໲Νگࣖ͢ɾʰͨ͑ࢧ͑ʱɾ ʰঙ͢ࢧ͑ʱɾʰʹͬΔͲ΍͵͏ʱɾʰ͍ΉΕࢧΚ͵͏ʱɾʰࢧΚ͵͏ʱ͹5݇๑ͶΓͮͱյ౶ΝٽΌ

ͪɿܯ଎ޛ͹Πϱίʖφ௒ࠬͶͯ͏ͱͺɾ߶ڰΆ͖ʤ1994ʥʂௗ୫ઔΆ͖ʤ1995ʥΝࢂߡͶ͢ɾ ʰʹͬΔ͹दۂ͗ΓΕֺ͖͖ͮͪ͢ʱɾʰʹͬΔ͹दۂ͗ΓΕ੷ۅదͶखΕૌ΋͞ͳ͗Ͳ͖ͪ͘ʱɾ ʰʹͬΔ͹दۂ͗ΓΕ׈ಊదͲ͍͖ͮͪʱ͹3ߴ໪Ͳߑ੔͠Η࣯ͪ໲ߴ໪Ͷଲ͢ͱɾʰ௪৙ରүʱɾ ʰACPରүʱɾʰ෾͖Δ͵͏ʱ͹͑ͬ౲ͱͺΉΖ΍͹ҲͯͶյ౶ͤΖΓ͑ٽΌͪɿ͠ΔͶɾʰՁ͗

ֺ͖͖ͮͪ͢ʱͳ͏࣯͑໲Νઅ͜ɾࣙ༟ىफ़Ͳյ౶ΝٽΌͪɿ

4ʥ౹ܯॴཀྵ

ਐର׈ಊྖ͹ݺਕࠫΝदۂؔͲർֳͤΖͪΌɾदۂ͟ͳ͹ิ਼͕Γ;ӣಊکౕ͹଎ఈ஍Ͷͯ

͏ͱ2܊͹౵෾ࢆ੓͹ݗఈΝߨͮͪɿΉͪɾਐର׈ಊྖ͹दۂؔࠫΝ໎Δ͖ͶͤΖͪΌɾदۂ͟

ͳ͹ิ਼͕Γ;ӣಊکౕ͹ฑۋ஍Ͷͯ͏ͱͅݗఈΝన༽ͪ͢ɿΉͪɾܯ଎઴͹Πϱίʖφ௒ࠬ͹

ʰରүदۂͺ޹͘Ͳ͍Ζ͖ʱͳ͏࣯͑໲ߴ໪Ͷ͕͏ͱʰͨ͑ࢧ͑ʱʀʰঙ͢ࢧ͑ʱͳյ౶ͪ͢ਫ਼ై

Ν޹қ܊ɾʰʹͬΔͲ΍͵͏ʱʀʰ͍ΉΕࢧΚ͵͏ʱʀʰࢧΚ͵͏ʱͳյ౶ͪ͢ਫ਼ైΝඉ޹қ܊ͳ͢ɾ

֦दۂͶ͕͜Ζਐର׈ಊྖ͹܊ؔࠫΝർֳͤΖͪΌtݗఈΝన༽ͪ͢ɿ͵͕ɾຌݜڂ͹౹ܯద༙

қਭ६ͺͤ΄ͱ5%າຮͳͪ͢ɿ

III. ݃Վ͕Γ;ߡࡱ

න2ͺɾਐର׈ಊྖ͹ݺਕ͕ࠫΓ;दۂؔࠫΝࣖ͢ͱ͏Ζɿਐର׈ಊྖ͹दۂؔࠫͶͯ͏ͱɾ ACPରү͹ิ਼ͺ௪৙ରүΓΕ΍༙қͶଡ͚ɾӣಊکౕͺ༙қͶ߶͖ͮͪɿΉͪɾਦ 1 ͺ֦द ۂ͹ӣಊکౕΝ࣎ܧ྽Ͳࣖ͢ͱ͏Ζɿ௪৙ରүͺଡ͚͹ݳ৖Ͳࣰࢬ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ۸৵ʀ৵ٯ౵͹६ ඍӣಊʤ஦ଞΆ͖ɾ2016ʥΝࣰࢬ͢ɾͨ͹ޛ4෾ఖౕ͹ήϩʖϕճΝߨͮͪɿۛ೧ɾݶޢ׈ಊ͹

ैࣰΝਦΕʤ஦ԟگү৻٠ճɾ2008ʥɾଲ࿫ద͵ָ;ΝࣰݳͤΖͪΌɾήϩʖϕୱҒͲ՟ୌΝ࿫

͢߻͑׈ಊ͗ߨΚΗͱ͏ΖʤҬీɾ2018ʥɿͨ͹ݳয়ΝಁΉ͓ɾ௪৙ରүͶ͕͏ͱ΍ήϩʖϕճ

͕Γ;஦ؔݜڂճ^஭1ΝߨͮͪɿҲ๏ɾACPରүͲͺݶ͑͞ͳҲॻΏΖ͞ͳҲॻɾϋθϝಂ͗͢ɾ ࢢำΘࢢำΘɾरߨِ͕Γ;ΠϩτΡϟρφۆ೘ΗΝ६ඍӣಊͳ͢ͱߨͮͪ݃Վɾ௪৙ରүΓΕ

΍໎Δ͖Ͷ߶͏ӣಊکౕΝ֭ಚͲͪ͘ɿ༰ঙ೧غ͹ࢢʹ΍Νଲেͳ͢ͱӣಊ༣;Ͷ͕͜Ζਐର

׈ಊྖΏৼധ਼Νܯ଎ͪ͢ݜڂͺ͏͚͖ͯΊΔΗɾِͮ͟͞͵ʹଡ͚͹ӣಊ༣;͹ӣಊکౕͺ

߶͖ͮͪͳๅࠄ͠Ηͱ͏ΖʤآీΆ͖ɾ2010ʂోᬓΆ͖ɾ2017ʂՅծ୫Ά͖ɾ1981ʂՅծ୫Ά͖ɾ 1984ʥ͗ɾࢧॡغͶ͍ͪΖ͞ͳΝಁΉ͓ͱৼཀྵద͵൅ү൅ୣஊ֌Ͷ߻Κͦͪӣಊࢨ಍Νߨ͑͞ͳ

͗චགྷͲ͍Ζʤঘᖔɾ2009ʥ஦ָߏঃࢢͶ͕͏ͱ΍ӣಊ༣;ͶΓͮͱ߶͏ӣಊکౕΝ֭ಚͲ͘Ζ

͞ͳ͗ࣖࠨ͠Ηͪɿ

ਐର׈ಊྖ͹ݺਕࠫͶؖ͢ͱͺɾิ਼ɾӣಊکౕͳ΍ͶACPରү͹๏͗௪৙ରүΓΕ΍༙қ Ͷ୉͖ͮͪ͘ʤන2ʥɿਦ 2 ͺɾ֦दۂͶ͕͜Ζิ਼ͳӣಊکౕ͹૮ؖਦͲ͍Ζɿ௪৙ରү͹ϕ ϫρφ͹ଡ͚ͺࠪԾͶҒ஖͢ͱ͕Εɾݺਕࠫͺঘ͠͏΍͹͹સରదͶఁ͏ਐର׈ಊਭ६Ͷ͍Ζ

͞ͳ͗Κ͖ΖɿҲ๏ɾACP ରүͲͺ͍Ζఖౕ͹ݺਕࠫͺݡΔΗΖ΍͹͹ɾ௪৙ରүΓΕ΍સର దͶϕϫρφ͗ӊ৏ͶҒ஖͢ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͗Κ͖Ζɿ͞͹Γ͑Ͷɾݺਕࠫ͹୉ঘͫ͜ͶͳΔΚΗͥɾ ਐର׈ಊྖ͹ϚφϞΠρϕΝਦΕɾસҽ͗ҲఈҐ৏͹ਐର׈ಊྖΝ֭ಚͲ͘ΖΓ͑ରүदۂΝ ఴ֋ͤΖ͞ͳ͗୉઀Ͳ͍Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗΖɿ

න2 ਐର׈ಊྖ͹ݺਕ͕ࠫΓ;दۂࠫ

㏻ᖖయ⫱ ACPରү

MEAN±SD(Ṍ) 1333.7±223.54 2184.9±375.60

୙೫ศᩓ 52377.39 141071.48

F್

p್

t್

p್

ຠᯝ㔞(d)

MEAN±SD(LC) 2.0±0.28 2.7±0.46

୙೫ศᩓ 0.07 0.21

F್

p್

t್

p್

ຠᯝ㔞(d)

0.000**

Ṍ

ᩘ ಶ

ே ᕪ

2.690

ಶ

ே ᕪ

2.830 0.004**

ὀ䠅㏻ᖖᤵᴗ䠖‽ഛ㐠ື䊻ㄝ᫂䊻䜾䝹䞊䝥఍䊻๓༙⦎⩦䊻୰㛫◊✲఍䊻ᚋ༙⦎⩦䊻䜾䝹䞊䝥఍䊻䜎䛸䜑 䚷䚷㻌ACPᤵᴗ䠖㐠ື㐟䜃䊻䝇䝖䝺䝑䝏䊻ㄝ᫂䊻⦎⩦䊻䜎䛸䜑

䚷䚷㻌MEAN䠖ᖹᆒ್䠈SD䠖ᶆ‽೫ᕪ䠈**䠖p<0.01

0.004**

ᖹ ᆒ

್ ᕪ

15.56 0.000**

2.79

1.75 㐠

ື ᙉ ᗘ

ᖹ ᆒ

್ ᕪ

9.70

ਦ1 ֦दۂ͹ӣಊکౕ͹࣎ܧ྽

න 3 ͺɾ֦दۂͶ͕͜Ζਐର׈ಊྖ͹ҩ͏Νରүदۂ޹қ܊ͳඉ޹қ܊Ͷ܊෾͜͢ͱݗ౾ͤ

ΖͪΌͶన༽ͪ͢tݗఈ͹݃ՎΝࣖ͢ͱ͏Ζɿ͏ͥΗ͹܊Ͷ͕͏ͱ΍ACPରү͹ਐର׈ಊྖ͗

௪৙ରүͳർ΄ͱ༙қͶଡ͚ɾްՎྖͺ୉͖ͮͪ͘ɿಝىͤ΄఼͘ͳ͢ͱͺɾඉ޹қ܊͹ ACP ରүͶ͕͜Ζਐର׈ಊྖ͗௪৙ରүΓΕ΍༙қͶଡ͚ɾްՎྖ΍୉͖ͮͪ͘͞ͳͲ͍Ζɿରүद ۂ͗޹͘Ͳͺ͵͏஦ָߏঃࢢਫ਼ై΍ACPରүͶ͕͏ͱӣಊکౕΝ֭ಚͲͪ͘͹ͺɾΏͺΕӣಊ ༣;͹Ӫڻ͗୉͘͏Ͳ͍Θ͑ɿͨΗΝཬ෉͜ΖͪΌͶɾରүदۂ͹޹ݑͶΓͮͱӣಊ༣;৖໚ͳ कӣಊ৖໚͹ӣಊکౕͶҩ͏͍͗Ζ͖ΝtݗఈͲݗ౾ͪ͢ʤන4ʥɿ෾ੵ͹݃Վɾ֦৖໚Ͷ͕͏ͱ ྈ܊Ͷ༙қ͵ࠫͺΊΔΗͥɾӣಊ༣;৖໚Ͷ͕͜Ζӣಊکౕͺඉ޹қ܊͹๏͗ɾ޹қ܊ΓΕ΍߶

͖ͮͪɿͯΉΕɾରүदۂͶ͕͏ͱӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗΖ͞ͳͲɾରүदۂ͹޹ݑͶؖΚΔͥӣ ಊکౕΝ֭ಚͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζͳࣖࠨ͠Ηͪɿ

ਦ2 ֦दۂ͹ਐର׈ಊྖ͹૮ؖਦ

ӣಊ༣;

න3 ֦दۂͶ͕͜Ζରүदۂ޹қ܊ͳඉ޹қ܊͹ਐର׈ಊྖ͹ҩ͏

න4 ରүदۂ͹޹ݑͶΓΖӣಊ༣;৖໚ͳकӣಊ৖໚͹ӣಊکౕ͹ҩ͏

༣;གྷોΝखΕ೘Ηֺͪ͢͏ରүदۂΝఴ֋͢ͱ͏͚͞ͳͺɾӣಊͶଲͤΖఏ߇״Νܲݰ͢ɾ ӣಊ΃͹қཋΝ޴৏ͦ͠ͱ͏͚͞ͳͶͯ͵͗Ζͳफ़΄ΔΗͱ͏Ζʤ੍ࢮɾ2002ʥɿͯΉΕɾରү दۂͲͺӣಊ཯ΗΝ๹͛қັͲ΍ֺ͢͏ରүदۂΝఴ֋͢ͱ͏͚͞ͳ͗୉઀Ͳ͍Ζͳݶ͓Ζɿ න5ͺɾ2 Ϗνʖϱ͹दۂ͗शΚͮͪޛͶյ౶Νғབͪ͢Πϱίʖφ௒ࠬ͹݃ՎΝࣖ͢ͱ͏Ζɿ ʰʹͬΔ͹दۂ͗ΓΕֺ͖͖ͮͪ͢ʱ͹࣯໲ߴ໪Ͷଲ͢ͱɾACP ରү͹๏ֺ͖͗ͮͪ͢ͳյ౶

ͪׄ͢߻ͺસର͹81%ɾ޹қ܊͹஦Ͳͺ84%ɾඉ޹қ܊͹஦Ͳͺ75%Ͳ͍ͮͪɿ͠ΔͶͺɾʰՁ

ֺ͖͖͗ͮͪ͢ʱͳ͏͑ࣙ༟ىफ़͹࣯໲Ͷଲ͢ͱɾ65%͹ਫ਼ై͗nӣಊ༣;|ͳյ౶ͪ͢ɿ͞͹͞

ͳ͖Δɾӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗͪରүदۂΝߨ͑͞ͳͲֺ͢͏ରүदۂΝࣰݳͲ͘ɾӀ͏ͱͺऀճ

໲ୌͳ͵ͮͱ͏Ζӣಊ཯Η͹մভͶͯ͵͗Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗΖɿ

Ήͪɾଠ͹࣯໲ߴ໪Ͷଲ͢ͱ΍ରүदۂ͹޹ݑͶؖΚΔͥACPରүͳյ౶ͪׄ͢߻͗௪৙ର үΓΕ΍߶͖ͮͪɿॡೖΆ͖ʤ2017ʥͺɾରүݑ͏͹གྷҾͶؖ͢ͱɾ஦ָਫ਼غ͹ঃࢢͺ“஧ؔͶ ϕϪʖ͗ݡΔΗΖ”ɾ“ࣙ෾͹೵ྙ͗ΊΞ͵ͶஎΔΗΖ”ͳ͏ͮͪ஧͖ؔΔ඲ՃΝ͠Η͚ͪ͵͏ͳ

͏͑ৼཀྵ͗ಉ͚ͳๅࠄ͢ͱ͏ΖɿΉͪɾରүݑ͏͹ਫ਼ైͺͨ͑Ͳ͵͏ਫ਼ైͶർ΄ͱରүदۂͶଲ

͢ͱভۅదͶ͵Ζͳ͠Ηͱ͏Ζʤࠦʓ໨Ά͖ɾ2016ʥɿ͖͢͢ɾӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗΖ͞ͳͲɾ ඉ޹қ܊͹ਫ਼ైͺରүदۂͶଲ͢ͱ੷ۅదͶखΕૌΌͱ͕ΕɾસରͲݡͱ΍ɾACP ରү͹๏͗

௪৙ରүΓΕ΍੷ۅదͶखΕૌΌͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͗Πϱίʖφ݃Վ͖ΔݡͱखΗΖɿ͞ΗΔ͹͞ͳ

͖Δɾ ACPରүͺਐର׈ಊྖΝ֮ฯ͢ɾֺ͖ͯ͢͏ରүदۂΝఴ֋Ͳ͘Ζͫ͜Ͳ͵͚ɾ੷ۅద ͶदۂͶखΕૌ΋Γ͑Ͷ͵Ζ͞ͳ͗ࣖࠨ͠Ηͪɿ

න5 ֦࣯໲ߴ໪ͶଲͤΖׄ߻

ᶜᶜɿΉͳΌ

ຌݜڂ͹໪దͺɾ஦ָߏঃࢢ͹ରүदۂͶ͕͏ͱӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗΖ͞ͳͶΓͮͱਐର׈

ಊྖΝ֮ฯͲ͘Ζ͹͖໎Δ͖ͶͤΖ͞ͳͲ͍ͮͪɿଲেͺ஦ָߏ1೧ਫ਼ঃࢢ40໌ͳͪ͢ɿਐର

׈ಊྖ͹ܯ଎ͺɾϜρφӣಊͶ͕͏ͱ௪৙ߨΚΗͱ͏Ζ௪৙ରүͳACPରүΝͨΗͩΗ1յͥ

ࣰͯࢬͪ͢ɿΉͪɾʰʹͬΔ͹दۂ͗ΓΕֺ͖͖ͮͪ͢ʱ͵ʹ3ߴ໪͖Δ͵ΖΠϱίʖφ௒ࠬΝ ߨͮͪɿ෾ੵ͹݃ՎɾҐԾ͹ࣖࠨΝಚͪɿ

1ʥACPରүͶ͕͜Ζิ਼ͺ௪৙ରүΓΕ΍༙қͶଡ͚ɾӣಊکౕͺ༙қͶ߶͖ͮͪɿ

2ʥӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗΖ͞ͳͲɾਐର׈ಊྖ͹ϚφϞΠρϕΝਦΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɿ

3ʥӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗΖ͞ͳͲɾରүदۂ͹޹ݑͶؖΚΔͥӣಊکౕΝ֭ಚͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɿ 4ʥӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗΖ͞ͳͲɾֺ͢͏ରүदۂΝఴ֋ͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɿ

5ʥӣಊ༣;ΝखΕ೘ΗΖ͞ͳͲɾ੷ۅదͶदۂͶखΕૌ΋Γ͑Ͷ͵Ζɿ

஭1ʞ઴ൔ࿇सͲਫ਼ͣͪ՟ୌΉͪͺ੔ՎΝָसंસରͶڠ༙͢ɾޛൔ࿇सͶܪ͝Ζ͞ͳɿ

஭2ʞ֦दۂ͗ʹ͹Γ͑͵࣎ؔഓ෾ͶΓͮͱఴ֋͠Η͖ͪΝ೼ѴͤΖͪΌSiedentopʤ1988ʥͶΓ

ͮͱ়ղ͠Ηɾ߶ڰʤ1994ʥͶΓΕՅජरਜ਼͠Ηͪରүदۂ৖໚͹غؔى࿧๑ΝࢂߡͶ͢ͱࡠ੔

ͪ͢ɿ

஭3ʞ֦ӣಊ༣;͹ઈ໎

ʀݶ͑͞ͳҲॻΏΖ͞ͳҲॻ

گࢥ͹ݶ͑͞ͳͳΏΖ͞ͳΝਇࣇ͢ͱ઴ޛࠪӊ৏ԾͶζϡϱϕͤΖӣಊ༣;ɿ ʀϋθϝಂ͗͢

ϋαͳϋθϝΝ1ਕ݀ΌɾϋαҐ֐ͺϋθϝ͹ັ๏ͳ͵ΕघΝܪ͏Ͳ؛͚͵Ζɿϋθϝ͗ำΉ Δ͵͏Γ͑ͶԃΝฯͬ͵͗ΔέϩέϩյΖӣಊ༣;ɿ

ʀࢢำΘࢢำΘ

ِͳ਎ͳࢢΝ1ਕ݀Όɾ਎Ν઎ಆͶɾࢢΝ࠹ޛඎͶ͢ͱ઴͹ਕ͹ݠΝ࣍ͯɿଲ໚ͤΖِͶࢢΝ νρο͠Η͵͏Γ͑Ͷಂ͝Ζӣಊ༣;ɿ

ʀरߨِ

ِͶำΉͮͪΔ݀ΌΔΗͪरߨʤࠕյͺϜρφͲ઴఺ʥΝߨ͑͞ͳͲ෰׈Ͳ͘Ζӣಊ༣;ɿ ʀΠϩτΡϟρφۆ೘Η

್ૌͶ෾͖Ηͱ઴๏Ͷઅ஖͠Ηͪ᝹ΝΌ͗͜ͱ౦ځ͢ɾ೘਼ͮͪΝڟ͑ӣಊ༣;ɿ

㏻ᖖయ⫱ ACPయ⫱ ศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ ㏻ᖖయ⫱ ACPయ⫱ ศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ ㏻ᖖయ⫱ ACPయ⫱ ศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸

50%

タၥ ඲య䠄n=37䠅 య⫱ᤵᴗዲព⩌䠄n=25䠅 య⫱ᤵᴗ㠀ዲព⩌䠄n=12䠅

࡝ࡕࡽࡢᤵᴗࡀࡼࡾᴦࡋ࠿ࡗࡓ࠿ 11% 81% 8% 16% 84% 0% 0% 75% 25%

࡝ࡕࡽࡢᤵᴗࡀࡼࡾ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࠿ 13% 65% 22% 20% 72% 8% 0% 50%

25%

࡝ࡕࡽࡢᤵᴗࡀࡼࡾάືⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ 6% 78% 16% 8% 80% 12% 0% 75%

V. ӀӀ༽ࢂߡชݛ

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Յծঋɾ߶ڰߵେɾྵ໨ٳ༦ɾஓీԈߨʤ1997ʥঘָߏͶ͕͜Ζରүदۂ஦͹׈ಊྖ͗ೖ৙ਫ਼׈

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