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(1)Fossil. Proboscidea. from. Taiwan. (I). By. Tokio. SIIIKAMA,. Hiroyuki. Yukimitsu. arLd. OTSUKA*. TOMIDA. Contemts I.. Introduction. ⅠⅠ. History. 13. ‥‥.”. Studies. of. 1.. Fossil. 2.. Geological. 3.. Paleontological. Hunting........”.... ⅠⅠⅠ. Geological. Cho-chen. 2.. Nan-t6u. 21. (Ch6-tin) area. and tory. l.. Taxonomy.... 2.. Geological. 23. ... 25 25. Ages. 26 26. ‥..‥‥‥.. 1.. Stegodon. sinensis. 2.. StegDdon. 3.. Stegodon. (Parastegodon) (Parastegodon). 4.. ElePhas. OwEN. hysudricus. of. East. of S. China,. continental. Japan. under. the. of. name. the. time. a. as. localities. Institute. of. Earth. of. rich. the. lowland),. the. of. Asia. known. Taiwan. War. Faculty. are. has. land. discussed;. related. to. of. about. area. of. Kagoshima. some. known. armeniacus. position. Science,. elevated. least. their original. Taiwan. fossils. of. land. mammals. at. important. II southwestern. Sea. of. the. to ■be accused an. China. groups. the. stage. (mid.一口p. Villafranchian),. be. to. East. visited. that. his-. (wilrmian). migrating. naturally. Elephas. or. Philippine. Zoogeographical. regressed. hence. since keen problem. mammalian. Sciences,. 31. latest continental. fringe. Proximus. or. point. before. a. naumanni. shigensis. In this view. graphiy. From. *. Palaeoloxodon. as. in the. Villafrancbian. appeared is. 30. Contine叫between. slgni負cance. It is well. SOurCe. mlgratlng. provinces.. known. have. Chinese. Southeast. and of Taiwan.. 28. (MATSUMOTO). In the. occupying. (Paleo-Chekiang. explosively. proboscidea. South. Quaternary.. was. land. aurorae. important. an. (TAKAI) (MATSUMOTO). akashiensis. .. IntrodtlCtion. the. of. 26. ♪aramammonteus. Japan. fringlng. their. and. Taiwan. shelf. of. has. Asistic. between. mammals area. east. situating lslands. the. 21. area. I.. Ryukyu. 18. ‥...... Notes. Description. Taiwan. 16. ‥..‥... Researches‥.. Notes. 1･. 14. Researches. ⅠⅤ. Paleontological. VD. 14. ‥‥‥‥.. University. in. zoogeo-. has. been.

(2) T.. 14. In 1973-4, stored vate. They. they. for. wan. Mr.. C.M.. Y. H. in. CHEN. Tainan,. Mr.. de. AGUIRRE. the. National. in. of the Cho-chen,. in. CIiENG Madrid,. Science for. Taipei.. Dr.. their. Fossil. Huntlng done. COllecting. many. Taiwan.. peoples. CIION-MuH. (1913-), then tbis丘eld.. a. priCbaiof. river. L.C.CIiIN,. Mr,. K口O. T.L.. thanks in. IIistory. this. LIローYEN,. director. Mr.. LI口. Y.H.. Mr.. and. Moscow,. C.W.. due. also Dr.. Y.. PAN Dr.. to. Of. kind. in F.E.. HASEGAWA. Of. the Yokohama. different. of. Of the Kaohsiung,. College,. are. K. OzAKI and. of. course. Dr.. Medical. of Taiin study. gentlemen. National. of assistance.. Sttldies. of. fossils in Taiwan has been of vertebrate the Tainan-Cho-chen (Ch6-tin) area of. (CHUN-BoK. River. from. who University Of the. vertebrate of the Him-hua. of. Cho-chen in Chまi-1iao (Chhえi-1iまu),. TÅN). also. first. ChoIChen. the. Since. Agriculture. In. area.. the fossil locality. visited CHEN.. C. N.. with. Southwest. ChoIChen. visited. (Sin･hda). actively. most. in village has much contributed he in the deer fossils which gained river Ichiro HAYASAKA, then a Professor of the. Dr.. University. fossils. teacher. Mr.. Mr.. provincial o氏cer of the In 1931 be knew was what. TAN. collected. the. University,. Sincere. a. Impei･ial. Keinosuke. during. suggestions. Chen. 凪oor of the Chai-liao Taihoku. followlng. the. Kaohsiung. Tokyo,. valuable. of the. some. Hunting Or. by. to. ∫.DuBROWA. Museum,. II.. l.. survey. fossils. proboscidean of Kaohsiung, and. paper.. Taipei,. MAA. Chai-1iao,. M.M.. University. stratigraphical. collaboration Of Taiwan. Museum,. Provincial Professor. Mussum,. and LIN. C.C.. ToMIDA. studied. thanks. cordial. Y.. and. and College. this. comprise. help. Professor. Taiwan. the. kind. a. made. their. express. their. Taiwan:. also. These. (Chhai-1iau). Here. OTSUIくA. writers. Taiwan. collectors.. 1iao. H.. Taiwan visited University, Medical. the. in the. SfIIKAMA,. 1932. Chまi-1iao. of. 1934. Renji. KoKUBU,. has. devoted. in. School,. Dr. and. then. collecting fossils in Chai-1iao River. KoKUBU CHEN fossils. and many COllected vertebrate In 1939, they donated fossils of rhinocerid, Proboscidea to the Taiwan ovid and Provincial. It. Museum that. seems. University. the. etc.. C.-M. fossils. fossils. Middle. fossil. TIAN. be. Before. Second. Among CEEN were. the. donated. from. reported Second War,. and graduate in the Cho-chen. (CEAI-TⅡÅAN TÅN), them. M.. energetically found after. has eminent. part. J. T.. also StIIKAMA. Sueo. KANEKO,. area. and. Mu-SHU. devoted. (BoK-CHHIO his. collection in fossil hunting.. donated. teacher. a. of. So),. students. nowadays. In 1959. In 1960 of Chまi-1iao River. Ts白NG･MING Tu (CEHONG-M怠NG University. ; nowadays. R.. Tainan. the. engaged. CIIAI-. as. KIEN-PuEI. flood. Imperial. by. University. many. fossil SATO. Akira. Via. were. lmperial. accompanied Su. retaining. 1937. then. Crocodilian. CIJEN. by. Company.. lnstitute, Taiwan. The. age.. in. of the Taihoku. to of his fossil collection College, Taihoku Professor Medical of a. the. Sugar. a. Of. Geological. donated. was. by. englneer. in the in. them. in 1936. S. S°is. an. fossils stored. School. hunting. CHEN. MATSuBARA,. proboscidean. S. ToKUNAGA. cervid. KoKUBu. in. the. might by. reported and. via Denkichi. CHIANG, Since. 1945. proboscidean CtIEN. T6), the. gave. then. a. fossils.

(3) Fossil. of Tu's. collection. OzAKI･. then. C･M･. CHEN･. since. 1970. kept. are. a. chief. CHÅNG-Wu. in their. collections.. River. and. floor of Chai-liao. of Kaobsiung. Science Museum,. less. or. (Sin-hda). area. are. between. 1964. Tokyo. KoEH). Hiroshi. visited in Tainan,. devoted. in fossil. proboscidean. fossils. energetically. more. (Chai-1iaa) River. In. (TEE-LING. have. possess. Him-hua. of the. 15. (Ⅰ). Kuo. PfIOA). They. area･. College. TE-LIN. (SioNG-BO. PÅN. fossil localities. A･. Su. Taiwan. National. the. M･S･. Cho-chen. from. Medical. of. 1965,. in the. The. in the. curator. Since. buntlng. Proboscidea. as. follows.. Chまi-1iao. Sui-1iu-tung. and. (Chui-1au-tang). PAN. Loc.トP.. Loc.. Cho-chen. Niu-Shih-King. D･. A pao. hu. of Chまi-1iao River,. rivulet. fossils. many. gained. Kuan-miao. of. Mammuthus,. as. (Kuan-bio),. bridge,. 7, rivulet. Panthera,. south. of Sam-pao,. ever. 8,. east. collected Loc.. P･ writers. Placuna P･. of. fossils. many. North. P･. Loc1. San-pao. was. Loc･ a. of. valuable. benthic. islands.. In 1973 by. CHIH. GeologlCal is rather. lOkm. about. Wu-chan_. as. south No.. Pinhu-. the. of. 4?) TAN. (Ku 4). Elaphurus. are. and. others. is exposed. the. and. antler.. Many. rivulet,. where. shells. aggtegated.. San. left. chdng-hsi. be. the. of. CHEN. the. rivulet of by PAN. gained. Niu-shih. of. the. of was. (Chhan-ia) bridge,. upstream. entrance. akashL'ensis that. noteworthy. is vigorously. done. have animals a large sized. been. trawling丘sberies recently in the East China and South acquired. elephnt. by. tooth. Bshermen and. of. a. and Bne. King, South-. Seas;. many. of Kaohsiung-Penghu. Bubalus. skull. have. been. (MまIkong-ti且),penghu to of Ma-kung-chen University for determination ; the tooth speci･. (CHI TAN). Institute, large. Ti6n-iang. between. side. cliffof TE-LIN Kuo.. by. CHEN. bridge. a. a. Parastegodon. it may. Taiwan. brought. From. gained. tooth. crocodile,. :. silt. and. of. of. 15, Neighbourhood. Moreover western. of. akashiensis.. (Saan-p左).. where. South. etc.. grey. zonalis. entrance. 10, Neighbourhood. fossil丘sh P･. B,. of. where skeleton. Batillaria. and. Parastegodon. gained. follows. Panthera,. cervid,. Rhinoceros. excavated 9A,. as. (Chhau-khut). placenta. Loc. as. (G屯-chiah-chdi),just upper gained jaw of Mammuthus (To Chai-1iao (ChhaiTliau), where KoKUBU,. 9, Ch6-chti. ever. are. of Niu-shih-shui. CHEN. where Loc.. localities. PAN's血ain. and. Loc･. P.. (P.. 1 km. of Hin-hua. P･. fossils. etc.. Neighbourhood. CHEN. men. vertebrate. KANEKO 3 fossill localities where reported above Ta-kng-wei or (0-chian-6), chi-ting-hsi, etc. (T6a-khen-b6e). south. the. (San-t昌ng-khe),a. CHEN where or Cheloma,. cervid. as. acquired. (Gu-sai-khen), a rivulet of Chai-1iao River. rivulet of Yerl-Shui-hsi (Kian-chdi-khe] especially in neighbourhood of (Soan-pa), Cheng-shan-chdn (Ting-sam-chhun) running Chai-liao south of. River･. E･. he. where. (Ch6-tin).. C.. San. localities. 33). San-chdng7hsi. B･. 33. about. mentioned. sized. Taiwan and. much. different. from. those. from. the. Ki-cho.

(4) SHIKAMA,. OTSUKA. 16. T.. (chi-ting)-T6kazan. (Tod-K6u-sham). has been tooth in question Islands, Taiwan offPenghu data,. top喝rapbical it must. and. Taiwan,. be. beside. 2.. dates. bearing. T.P.. Nowadays and. shan) sea. formation. wan;. formation known. Tsusho-. It has. in. geological. well. maps. K.. ToRII. oil丘eld. east. of. of Taiwan the. lower. of. which. (Chi-ting). Taichung-hsien. the. terrace. Japanese. (Chムーkyou-. typical. western. coastal. are. occurred.. the. with. correlated Syokkozan. shallow of Tai-. area. Syokkozan is. in Taichung-hsien. sediments formation.. LIN. the. ascertained. lying. as. in the. orientalis Takuran (Cho-lan) formation.. by alternation represented driftwoods Anomia and. many. bed.. (Tun壷Ihsiao). Ts缶sho. as. by. sp.. n.. Taichung-. is. famous. most. gravel. Stegodon. and. C. C. was. (Rhinoceros (T6a-khen),. the. are. overlies are. an. reported. Kicho. of the. former. fossils. Ostrea. as. HAYASAKA. of are. sandyielded. formation. known. the. that surveying. oil丘elds an. reported Tainan, scaled. under Koteiko. called. formations. geologlCal. In 1932,. so. and. shells. Tsusho. been. contributed. facies. according. with. of gravelly Byoritsu of the. formation. Some. upper. latter. along. rbinoce-. the. in. ; the. foraminifer. of the. with. into the lower. formations. developed. belongs. (Tai-tiong kuan),. underlying. development. Takuran. and shale.. and the. ; Byoritsu. of rhinocerid. (Tun畠-hsiao). the. fossil. T6kazan. rhinocerid from Ta-keng. formations and. horizon. of. is divided. and. regressive. horizon. stone. from. distinct. the. as. Tsusho The. fromation. (T6a-. the. (Sin-h血a),Tainan-hsien.. horizon. formation. fossil. that. sandstone the. horizon. same. OwEN. orientalis. molluscan. with. precise. regarded. (Todk6ushan). numerous. the. Taiwan. rhinocerid in Ta-hsi. regarded. 1930. Hin-hua. vertebrate the hotizon. respectively age of Pliocene. sediments. the. the. on. (Ha6yまnshan) (Miまo-1i)formation. Byoritsu. MAKIYAMA. In. in. of. corresponding. area.. from. Kaenzan. upper. upper. Ta-hsi. (Toa-khen-bog),. T6kazan. the. marine. of S. China-. sandstone. grey. T.. Taichung-hsien. the. sinensis. Stegodon. and. bluish In 1929. to mentioned Ⅰ.HAYASAI(A mentioned. the. of. T6kazan. to. floor. sediments. occurrence. occurrence. above. of. (1933-35) He. HAYASAKA). Proboscidea. the. sea or. Pleistocene. fossil an. (N昌izha) formation,. Ta-kng-wei. predominate.. Pleistocene. reported. overlying. In 1942. survey. research. SAITO. locality. Stegodon. in. formrtion. of the. the oceanographical. -the younger. vertebrate. Prefecture.. formarion. hf. hsien. gravel. bed. in Naisaku. YEN's. LIN's. when. Pliocene.. occurrence. that. said. hsiens.. of. H.. the. (T6u-k6u-sham) to. be. may. sediments. from. from. of late. specimen. (Sin-chu). lying. as. derived. announcement. 1927. of. the younger. judging. ;. it. and. Researches. from. bed. lower. formations. Tainan-Taichung. to. (lower jaw) khe), Him-zhd. rid. it might. scienti丘c. back. strait. ToMIDA. Y.. and. from. derived. unique. CeologlCal. The. to. an. H.. Japanese. Of were. in. published. during. text. explanation. 1/30000. Mandate.. (Ku-ting-king). and. He and. Formosan. and. oil fields. the. of the. published divided upper. geologists. Taiwan,. the. Kich6. and. the. some. Japanese. much useful. Mandate.. of Hinhua map geological by the Geological Survey. Tertiary. sediments. (Chi-ting). into. formations,.

(5) Fossil. low dips, with in age･ Koteiko The. folded. are which formations. silt and. sandstones. occurrence. Hinhua,. (T6a-khen-b6e), fossil. from. BLAINV.,. SHIK.,. formosanus fauna,. chen) pliocene ance. as. kokubuni from. etC.. coeval. the. localities. same. fossils. vertebrate. are. of. mentioned Ta-keng-wei. of. a. croco-. in the. in the also. yields. faunae. (Chムーk6u-sham) the. regarded some. mentioned. area. fresh-water. then. were. and. that. pointed. the. Kicho. the. and. to. appear-. predominate. (2000m). bed. sandstone some. Sachin. the. regarded. Hinhua. (?) (Ch6-. StIIK･, CaPreolus. elements which 1941, S. KANEKO. occurrence. which. he. allowing. nowadays) (N. China) In. carried. (chi-ting) formation. he. reported. syatinensis. and. Villafranchian.. of fossil. of vertebrate. (D.). area. T6kazan-Syokkozan. the. with. indicators. useful. formation. the. reported. 1933. S･ ToKUNAGA. In 1936. of. composed. often In. area.. Kicho. SHIKリC.. (mid.-up. Villafranchian Akashi (Japan卜Nihowan. of. Hinhua. upper. both. 1932-37. (Miao-1i). Byoritsu. the are. fossils in 1937, T. SEIKAMA did some cervid and SHIK･, C･ (Rusa) timoriensis C. (S.) shinchikuensis. taeuanus,. (Deperetia). C.. the. Tainan-hsien.. Cho-chen. (sika). ceruus. as. from. I. HAYASAKA, the. 17. (Ⅰ). corresponded with Kicho formations. and. alternation. fossils from. of vertebrate OwEN sinensis. stegodon. dilian. in. and. Taiwan. from. Proboscidea. upper of brackish molluscs. Melanoides (Tarebia) sp., callifera (LAM.), UmbonL'um (DESHAYES), M･ (Sermyla) rL'queti (SMITH), M. (T.) crenulatus obliquigranosus Thiara (GMELIN), Telesco(MULLER), Cerithidea cingulata (GRATELOUP), scabra Batillaria zonalis (BoLTEN) RbDING, pium telescopium (L.),Terebralia semistriata (KIENER), Polinices Pyn'formes (RECLUZ), Terebra (BRUG.), Clypeomorus coralium (L･), granosa (L.), Isognomon (MelL'na) ePhippium sp., Acteocina sp., Anadara as. Monilea. follows:. (L.),Ostrea sp., Crassatellites luchuana (Cyrenodonax) formo(PILSBRY), Corbicula foueolatus (Sow,.),Geloina PILSBRY, Meretrix sana DALL, Batissa (L･), jaPonicum sp., Trapezium meretrix Sanguinolaria cyclina sinensis (GMELIN), Chione (Clausinella)isabellina (PfIILIPPI), lischkei. Anomia. Macoma. sp.,. 1iaa). fosdils River.. indicus MOTO,. buski. MATSUMOTO,. Ceruus. (Sika). in. faunae. (upper. and. 1939,. Stegodon. chung-hsien, Taichung-hsien. and. tin),U-shan-tou, Moreover an. occurrence. TAN. in. Of. from. sp.. Lower. LIN. from. of proboscidean. Chailiao. age. the. (Chhai-. PoHLIG,. geron. E･. MATSU-. (MAT･), Trago(Ch6-tin)･ He. Cho-chen of. deト. Nihowan-Akashi. & the. the. CAUT., following. fossils. in Taiwan. Tai(Chui-cheムーま) Ta-keng from (T6a-khen), : localities Cho-chen (Chi-. Bao-sham,. geology. from. of vertebrate. Shui-ching-tzu. ; Su-hu-zhuang,. tooth. the. and. of nowadays)･. from. described. carnivora. trogontherii. cf･. Chailiao,. localities. many. Proboscidea. suina, cervid, floor of river. Pleistocene. orientalis OwEN insignis FALC.. TainanJISien 1964,. BLYTH,. KANEKO. dominant･. most. Bibos cf･ sinensL's OWEN, C. (DeP昌retia)kazusensis. Villafranchian. mentioned. are. Elephas. mentioned. Rhinoceros. post. Stegodon. cited. taL'ouanus. opln10n. and. K.. 1942. Stegodon. sp.,. TAKAI's. Cerithidea. and. rbinocerid, in the scattered. being. Fells. placenta. proboscidea,. occur. agreed. In. Ostrea. Ⅰ.HAYASAKA,. (?) sp.. cerus. the. that. Placuna. FISCH.,. them. sp･-of. mentioned phinid. &. DAUZ.. the. of Taiko. Ke-ya-Ⅹi,. Nanto丘Ihsien. (Ta-keng). Sinchu-hsien･ and. reported. sandstone. of.

(6) SHIKAMA,. T.. 18. (Tun畠･hsiao)at. Tsusho Tbe 1929. Tainan. as. The. tableland). carry. into. abundant. known. western. Taiwan. have. no. fossils.. which yield as Chungi-Li. the. formation. LIN's. soil.. age. LIN. of post the. movement. Kicho. upper. second. been. treated. the. sediments formation is composed. orogenesis-tectonic. 3.. PaleontologlCal. Although it has. (Hoenshan) and pre (Chi-ting) formation. of. gravel. and. happened. was. formations. Hinhua. the. beds. in. By. this. (Sin-bsia). area. Researches. Taiwan. been. tebrate. rather. he. did. biogeographical. H.. fossils.. from. After. the. TEILHARD. fauna. otien. Shansi,. of Lower. th九. in Szechwan,. CEARDIN,. HopwooD, in. or. the. by. Japanese. of. some other hand lndian (Siwalik or. the. In. is well. etc.. etC.. in the Chouku1 Sanmen,. of. is repor-. cf. orientalis. Japan,. gran-. Kwangsl,. fauna. Stegodon. the other. Proboselaphus,. others,. and Villafrancbian. Narvada), On. orientalis. and. YouNG. the. in. geologists. Hystrix,. Kwantung. verte-. fossils. proboscidean. Bos,. ver-. Pleistocene. pro-. in which Stegodon is called as Stegodon-Elephas fauna orienare Palaeoloxodon In 1936 T. SEIKAMA naumanni most representative.. boscidean. fauna. talis and & F. TAKAI. former. Parastegodon. reported. 6saka. (Lower. some. (i.e.trigonocePhalus) fossils. University. in. stored he. in 1936. SHIKAMA. francbian. or. (lower. the. noted. that. aurorae) to. between. middle. When. Geological a. Taiwan. believed. akashiensis. to. from akashiensis Villafranchian middle. relationship Archidiskodon.. or. Taichung-bsien,. khen),. lower. or. group. mentioned. dean. pioneer. Japan. and. reported. OwEN, sinensis Panthera, Sus,. is yielded, and namadics series (Zone 2) in Shansi.. Yushe. were. and Japanese proboscidean fauna by Stegodon represented. Pleistocene. Palaeoloxodon. from. ted. de. Indonesia. faunae.. formations. cave. a. On. S. sinensis OwEN, Rhinoceros geri OsBORN, Bibos, BuBlelus, Ursus, Hyaena, Ailuropoda, known､. fossils. among. relationship. StegodonAeluropoda. the. China,. Japanese. systematically. Bumiaju). or. Continental. proboscidean MATSUMOTO,. Formosan. mention. (Trinil. no. When reported. not. any noted Indonesian. hand. that. notable. paleontology. 1924. between. situates. paleontologists.. brate. by. sediterraces. of. movement. Tientzuhu. were. gravel. of Chungi-Li. terrace. Tientzubu. base. vertebrate the Pleistocene. terrace-plateau. as. from. ones. fossils. In general. (or. be divided. recently. third. LIN,. bill. folded.. was. time. and. by. named Tainan. the. of. and No. fossils.. formations.. Tung-Ning. Kaenzan. the. was. sands. of丘ne. foraminifer. Calls. His. the. and. and Tainan. of. lateritic. 4 formations. area. basement. composed. molluscan from the. ToMIDA. Tainan. of the. make. are. occur. to. ments. that. formations. formations. the. se主ments. formations. Y.. and. (Tiong-liaa).. Chung-1iao. Pleistocene. marine. OTSUKA. H.. molar which. and. of. akashiensis SⅡIKAMA. insignis. and. nowadays). and. the. Stegodon. Javanese. from. Ta-keng. collected Parastegodon. that. (represented. indicators and. (T6aAt. in Taiwan.. its allies and. time very characteristic Villafranchian of nowadays). are. formation. the proboscireSearChed Paleontological lnstitute, T6hoku. of Stegogon H. YABE. Planifrons,. Akashi. the. that. of they. Villaare.

(7) Fossil. older. than. Stegodon. have. been. treated. H. from. the. 1959,. He. By. orientalis. the. under. MATSUMOTO. a. (his. new. lower. P.. and. others.. protomammonteus*). 6saka. in. but. group**),. Archidiskodon. subspecies,. Elephas. of. J. MAKIYAMA. by. the. with. kinds. different. proximus. (correlated. 19. (Ⅰ). some. trogontoeri. of. described. OzAKI. Taiwan. time. Parelephas. reported formation. H.. and. that. name. also. Umegase. from. Proboscidea. paramam-. ノ＼. monteus. shigensis. than. Elephas. of. shigensis. in Shiga. group. T.. KAMEI. Prefecture. War. the. is younger. which. treat. others. and. After. ”.. ". name. Osaka. the. formation***.. Akashi. the. the. from. taxon. this. II, the systematic. under. researches. ′＼. Osaka. the. of. thlogists, pollen. have. group. by. especially. the. In 1966,. N.. IKEBE,. methods. Osaka. in the. Horizon. I.. CHIJI. M.. Group. Stegodon. V. The. Horizon. mid.1uP. Horizoe. that. the. Yushe. des. the. the. Upper. uppermost. Taiwan;. *. or. SIiIKAMA Y.. TAKAI. and. NARUSE,. the. with. Many. Japanese. synonymy. the. Group,. LoⅦ･er Age. in S.. (Zone II). the. Series Osaka. upper. sedimenrs. Lower. as. or. to. the. correlated II also. with inclu-. III and IV include Kwant Region; H. H.. and. ⅠⅤ**** is. also. with the Chocben formation Sanuki. coeval Group,. Kuzu也,. IV. is regarding. Horizon. Horizon. formations. Siwalik. ⅠⅠIand. KAMEI. G.;. Group.. Yushe. or. H.. Prefecture,. Mie. lrrawady. Umegase. of. kind The. of lower. my.BP). shigensis. ElePhas”. splitting base. is. of. to. correlate. (Ma are. the. H.. the 0-Ma. Lower. Isa,. Matsu-. or. 5). easy to. and. of. is. understnad. Ⅲ. F. OsBOsN. with. of. the. for･. group.. M.. &. is. 0.. Generally very. MATSUMOTO's. that. Umegase. the. of. shigensis Matsumoto･. Archidiskodon. to. ⅠV is correlated. zone. 6saka. the. that. (or Proximus). MATSUMOTO. of protomammonteus. Proximus. regarding. parelePhas. rather. according of. holotype. the. zone. Protomanmonteus synopsis. =. yAMA's. that. regarded. paleontologists. MATSUMOTO's. ****. Villafranchian, Gtinz-Mindelian.. formation,. MAR. naumanni 1970 proposed. to. Ⅶation ***. lower. Lower. includes. OzAKI. OzAKI. Age. or. Cave. many. (Plio-Plaistocene). etc.. belongs **. V. H.. &. MAT.. to. Nihowan. Pinjor. the. with. Kakiu the. with. order. (Pliocene). CLIFT. TAKAI. &. and. of the. Group,. S. Kwanto. gae,. the. V. Lower. the. part. Age. correlated fauna in. to. H.. (Zone II),Tatrot. G.. ⅠⅠIis correlated. in. and. l includes. of fossil. :. (Mid.-Low. Pleist.) ”. II belong. l and. Villafranchian. dating,. the 6 horizons. proposed. OwEN. Elephas. shigensis L'E. shigensis” MAT. E. MAR. naumanni. IV.. paleon-. paleomagnetism,. in descending. akashiensL's MATSUMOTO. S. orientalis ". and. geologists. (ToKUNAGA). S. shodoensis S. shodoensis III.. follows. cf. elephantoides. ⅠⅠ. S. sugiyamai. ”. others. S. IsHIDA. as. many. tephrozones,. of. and. by. advanced. much. (paleoclimate), and. analysis. proboscidea. been. a. MAKI･. unclear.. is. taxonomy. BLOW's. junior. speaking,. No.. 23.. a. (1.3.

(8) 20. T･. In 1971. SHIKAMA. and. OTSUKA. and Villafrancbian. middle-upper. fI.. SIIIKAMA,. Japan. became. proboscidean elements lowland Japan East the via of Southern lslands of the Okinawa and. islets). other. Kiang. lowland.. belonglng. tO. They. tion. were. but. of the. sedimentation Ryukyu. interesting. in. that. in lower. Pliocene. directions. Miyako,. but. nor. naumanni. The. the. the. lsland. into. migrated. is quite. it. rate. from. is. very. Islands,. then. happened. what 1966.. Since. unknown.. HASE-. 1973. (?) tooth. any. but. the. after. In. Okinawa. migrated,. ques-. naumanni,. of Palaeoloxodon At. occur-. in. molars. (Pleistocene).. naumanni. elements. formed. was. Cbe-. an. reported. cave. The. the. Palaeoloxodon. to. to. Yonakuni. with to. lsland;. the. lowland).. OTSUKA. others. Okinawa. Trilophodon. Okinawa. of. and. occurrence. Palaeoloxodon. Continent. Che-Kiang. Y.. Limestone.. Itoman,. Asiatic South. or. Taiwan. shigensis.. an. reported. Pleistocene. and. Ryukyu. Kyan,. West. in Miyako. SHIKAMA. marine. Villafranchian. the. deposits. Elephas. In. (Iriomote, Ishigaki,. lslands. In 1941. cave. Problems.. East. the. of. (Old. fauna.. TAKAI,. and T. NoHARA Limestone at. GAWA. mlgrated Sea China. regarded. it as. regarded. part. with Stegodon. a. following. from. both. by. regarded. KAMEI. a. connected. from. of Elephas. rence. ToMIDA. the. directly. Siva-Malayan. the. Y.. and. announced. many. were. OTSUKA. in. H.. OTSUKA. of. Kuchino-. ∧. fauna. of Tsukumi as Elaphurus ; cervids. the vertebrate researched tsu, Nagasaki Prefecture Ruse are. kyushuensis very. 0.. abundant. cf. shigensis”. and. III. '!′vi11afranchian, Akasi. of lower the of. of. regarding. that. Stegodon. aurorae. advanced. with ment. After. is many. a. taxa. most. Stegodon. Trinil. sinensis. or. OwEN, and. fauna. and. and. long. of. and. buski,. mentioned. etc.. the. called In 1942. names. S.. a. mixed fauna. mlgrated. valleys. ridges. from. Pleis-. HooりER.. to. associating. belonging. of specimens names. sized. (MAKIYAMA). naumanni. tO. Ⅶith another. of. trogontheri,. reported. the molars. of Stegodon. &. S. orientalis. FALC.. cf. trogontherii. CAUT., PoHLIG,. :. develop-. trigonocePhalus. according. Pleistocene;. is. specis. (dwarf) with. 1972. Javanese. the. the. southward. (type. small. deep. and. ll-13. insignis. of Elephas. is. MATSUMOTO. it is rather. than. I. HAYSAKA. OwEN,. in Japan. Rusa. or. Palaeoloxodon. quantity. Group.. Hsiachaobwan. florensis HooIJER.. Japanese. under. cf. sinensis the. of. small. naumanni. with. (1972). elephant. as. ridges. is smaller. Islands. researches. S.. high. upper-post. 6saka. of. of. the Nihowan-Yushe. the. and. faunae. the. fatlna by the Akashi with H. Palaeoloxodon. OTSUKA. related. is interesting. is 240-304mm. appeared. Primigenius OwEN. Timor. and. specimens. most. trigonocePhalus. representative. are. Akasi. part. HASEGAWA's. Y.. with. Elephas. or. (1953) IV. coeval. one,. Stegodon. MATSUMOTO) molars (narrow. of Flores of it from. M3. is. Rusa,. ". Horizon. the. SHIK｡). praenipponicus with. 0.,. jaPonicus. shodoensis fauna. fauna as Axis of the Akashi Trinil fauna Parastegodon of Java.. a. of cement).. tocene. that. lndo-Malayan. Kiang-Su. Elaphurus,. in the. appear. interprets and. (-D.. DIETRIC's. or. fauna. Weiho,. existences. and. upper. SEIKAMA. Nibowan. shikamai. 0., Axis. Villafranchian,. KALKE,s. (Zone III)faunae.. formation. the. COrrelates. (1968) Pleistocene) (Parastegodon-Elaphurus fauna) is. fauna. type. OTSUKA. (KAMEI's. Oya. the. 0. shimabarensis Parastegodon them. associating. found.. are. Zone. Yusbe. DePeretia. or. in. armeniacus,. E.. indicus. ;.

(9) Fossil. buski. MATSUMOTO,. left for. the. HAYASAKA's. etC.. by. revision. from. Proboscidea. Taiwan. specimens. vertebrate. were. (Ch6-tin). Cho-chen. Afte. ToRII's. in ascending. text,. order. Tertiary. the. a.. sandstone. b.. black. c.. shale. grey. of. bed: grey. bearlng. in. alternation:. bed:. 1700m. Lepidocylina,. (Ku-ting-king) sandstone. Kicho. System. shale. and to. d.. bluish. 3). Notes. this. 1300m. sandy. Shell. intercalatlng. shale fossils.. 350-450. :. Sandstone. :. of the river. Shells. Kicho 1:. Loc.. Grey. silt. and. at. the. 18. Ibid. P. Loc. 3:. Venericardia,. Dentalium,. silt and. KU. Kicho 1. 2:. :. 17.. massive. laea,. Cardium,. Ibid.. P.. Grey. hard. platy. both. the. along. 10-70SW. follows. as. alternation. (70-250m).. sandstone. with. shells. (30-60 m). laminae. sandy. in. rhythmic Crassatella, etc. shells as Ostrea, No. 5 collected by M.C. KAN Seems. bed.. (KU). :. sandstone. sandstone. Natica,. bogback. Loc.. in. clay. massive. carrying. this. (Chi-ting) formation Grey. a. east. (15m). alternation of the bed.. 'etc.. Specimen. from. derived. king. and. silt with. coarse. (30160 m),. Ibid. P. Loc.. KU. exposed dip. between. 17-16.. altemation. be. are. River. silty clay in. clay. silt intercalating. Grey丘ne. to. grey. :. Chai-1iao. 17.. Ibid. P. Loc. 4:. (KL). massive. Grey as. 10-35W. neighbourhood black bituminous. silt and. etc.. (Kiam-bio).. N. (Chi-ting) formation Grey丘ne. 2:. Strike. showlng. walls. P.. Upper. m. 2000m in Kuan-miao. a survey the along writers made geologlCal Many beds (Cho-tin) and Wan-tまn. of Cho-chen. KL. 2150. :. Cerithium,. Tbe. KL. Amphistegina.. m. Ostrea,. Cibicides,. bed. sandstone 皿any. KL. Rotalia,. Operculina,. formation. bed. Operculinella,. KL. thick. 350m. silty sandstone. f.. Lower. follows. as. (chi-ting) forrhation. e.. sides. is divided. area. formation. Lithothamnium,. 2). still. area. (Mu-zha). Koteiko. and. :. Mokusaku. 1). described. not. paleontologlStS.. ⅠⅠⅠ.Geological l.. 21. (Ⅰ). with Dentalium,. landscape.. rich.. many etcI. shells Very. as. Pecten,. Cucul-. Characteristic. ma-. (70-80 m).. 16. sandstone. intercalating. bluish. green血e. silt. with. :.

(10) 22. T.. Si-王IKAMA,. ft. OTSUKA. Y.. and. ToMIDA. トL 7. 10. S}. ∪. 9 SQn-. C. パ. ′. hsi. 亡コ. Cho. ㍗-. 12. 千. 19. 13. 17. ｢っっ￣. 18. Cl (⊃. ′/. 15. (コ. -令. ｢. 01 (= ＼cJ. 21(. 賢=預. C3. コピ. 1J†. ∫. 16. 2. ㌔ J. さ＼ /ノ. 22. 5cLn- PqO. Cl. 2Jt. _∠_ (勺. Cb. つ. ⊃. ＼. ー. (＼J. Ul. ラ. 〕賢芦. t. I-Jノ. C J. I l♪ /. 0.5. 6-Zム･.. Text-丘g.. 1.. Fossil. Numbers. locality show. map. PAN's. of. Cbc･chen. localities.. P_Loc,6-P.Lo⊂｡2∠.. area.. 1 km.

(11) Fossil. some. from. Proboscidea. Monilea. as. shells. Taiwan. Paphia. and bridge. ghbourhood of Tiensan (G正一sai-khen).PAN COllected sis. KU. 3:. Grey. cuna.. Mrs. S.. M.. to. S.P.. 13, 14, 15.. Grey. massive. silt with. an. and. Ibid. Pr Brown. Loc.. largely. foraminifera for. useful. up. 2.. 350. Nan_tod. The and. and. part. which facies. silty. horizon. molar. of. correlate. parastegodon mation.. of the the Tsash6 is. a. Pla-. as. skeleton. excavated. of. Ch6-. at. grey. Silt. with. (San-t昌ng-khe). (Soan-p豆).(30-60 m). CHENG. and. many. gained. are. map. proboscidean. Of. dating,. taiu)anicus. armeniacus. 2.. index,. pollen. be (KL 1-KU 5) may (Parastegodon akashiensis (Rhinoceros-Elaphurus zone). 4. KU. and. Text丘g.. 2. KU. them. in. shown. paleomagnetism, division mentioned. zone). is procured,. of. from. ranges. of. KL. 5. Tung-Shi-G6,. from. 4 of Kicho the. his. to. (Tod-k6u-. in alternation. of about. formation. of conglomeratic. formation the. called. of Taichung-hsien. Taiko (Ta-keng) facies. is found. from. Chung-Liao.. H.. OTSUKA. formation･. It. is. uppermost. situates. T6kazan. of the. taiu)anicus. armeniacus KU. is. published,. According. sandstone. Shokk6zan. formation. at. Taiwan･. (Hu6yanshan) the. was. Nan-tod-hsien. area.. formation. silt and. grey. Kaenzan with. Nan-tod-hsien. geology of that high range of. (Tang-hsiao). Tsash6. with. geography. the. correlated of the. horizon. the. Median. the. of Mammuthus the formation. this. to. composed. underlying is. a. 1973,. were. of tepbra,. sinensis Mammuthus. a.contribution described C.C. LIN. thick,. facies. shells. many. In. area. section, formations. m. sinensis. 6.. which. shan). and etc.. Sam-chung-hsi. upper. stratigraphical. indicators. 3 (Stegodon. in the皿iddle general. Pla-. fossils.. other. and. ln 1964, in. Cbai-. Silt with. intercalatlng. sandstone at. the available, above biostratigtaphy. vertebrate. KU. to. of. wall. Of Stegodon. Jaw. laminae Ostrea,. exposed. are. important. be. may. and. useful. KU. zone),. the. section. columnar no. grey. a. of Elaphurus. massive. rivulet. teeth. Although. intercalatlng gained. sandy. antler. of San-pao Ibid. P. Loc. 9a. Kuo. General. left. along. 9.. compact. Placuna, or. part. (Chhau-khut). (10 m).. chti. 5-6:. Go. Batillana,. Umbonium,. Rhinoceros. basal. Su.. P. Loc.. cuna,. akashien-. from. the. exposed. Ibid. 4:. of Parastegodon. ( -25m);. in Niu-shih-king;. 1972,. belonged. KU. a丘sh 17. Largely. or. In. nei-. fossil.. Loc.. 1iao River. the. Niu-shih-king. of. entrance. tooth. sandstohe. massive. collected. Ibid. P.. in. exposed. bed.. this. compact. Kuo. KU. of. site. a. at. (20m),. and a. 23. (Ⅰ). horizon. of. the. middle is golng tO. also. known. that. the. Tsash6. for-.

(12) T.. 24. SfiIKAMA,. H.. OTSUKA. and. Y.. ToMIDA. Ku6 ⊂ O. ･-. C). Ku5. ≡ L. 0 L⊥. Ru4. 0. Ku3. CL. ⊃. ..⊂ U. O. Ku2 二丈:. +. (つ Kul. CL =). 喜! ⊂. ○. ∼. 〔プ. ≡ +. C) L+. 1d弓 0 .J= U. :く. a O +. Text-丘g.. (1):. mussive血e. (4). mussive. :. 2.. Columner sand,. silt.. Table. 1.. A,B:. Correlation. section. (2):. silty. and sand,. Cho･chen,. of. geologic. (3):. I(icho. formation. Tai-nan. F.. Stegodon. sp.. Kicho sinensis. Parastegodon. akashiensis. (P.). F.. (Chi-ting). 5 4. the. other. F.. Kaenzan. t. (Tang･hsiao). KL. sand silt, and E:Yen-shui-hsi･. formations.. F.. ∫ KU. area.. Tai･chung. (Hu6yまnshan). 3 2 1. silty. Ch6･chu,. =. Tientzuhu 6. KU. n.. of. D. with. Cho･cben. Nan,tod. armeniacus. Rhinoceros. of. alternation. C:Niu･shih･k6ng,. Ta主-nan. Mammuthus. map. Shokkozan. F.. ノJ. TsGsh6. F.. 4. Miao-1i. ∼ 1. Takuran. F.. ど..

(13) Fossil. Proboscidea. IV. l.. teeth. writers. B. Stegodon :. C:. D). E). S.. 25. (I). Notes. Paleontological. some. at. sirLenSis. S. :. Elephas. E. :. Mammuthus. F. :. Palaeoloxodon. Stegodon. least. 6. taxa. (A-F). as. observation. about. above. 15. follows:. OwEN. hysudricus. (TAKAI) (MATSUMOTO). Paramammonteus. armeniacus. sinensis. and. meaSurementS. (Parastegodon) akashiensis (P) aurorae (MATSUMOTO). D. 7Wumanni. OwEN. taiu)anicus. subsp.. nov.. (MAKIYAMA) (1 specimen). : Wt1-Chan-hu (0-chian-6′),Ta-keng-wei (DGNTU-FV*9). (Toa-khen-b6e), Hin-hua (Sin-hda), Tainan-hsien. TAKAI Stegodon (2 specimens) (Parastegodon) akashiensis Chai-1iao No. 13 Tu No. 50. Locality : River且oor of (Chhai-1iaa), Cho-chen (Ch6-tin), Tainan-hsien. No. 24 (DGNTU-FV (T6a-khen), Tai-chung-hsien. 10). Ⅰ,ocality : Ta-keng Stegodon aurorae (Parastgeodon) (MATSUMOTO) (I specimen) No. : Cho-cben area. 25. (DGNTU-FV Locality (Cho-tin) ll). hysudrL'cus Ellephas paramammonteus (MATSUMOTO, 1939) (4 specimens) Locality : Cho-chen No. 15 (DGNTU-FV 1). (Cho-tin) area. No. 16 (DGNTU-FV (Cho-tin) area. 2). Locality : Cho-chen No. 17 (DGNTU-FV (Sin-hda). 3). Locality : Him-hua Locality : Cho-chen No. 18 (DGNTU-FV 4). (Cho-tin) area. Mammuthus nov. taiwanicus, subsp. (16 specimens) armeniacus No. 1 (YEE). Locality : Pan-1iao-keng (Phag-1iau-khan). : No. 2 (CHEN No. 1). Locality San-chdng-hsi (Sam-tさng-khe). No. 3 (CHEN No. 2). Locality : Sam-chdng-hsi (San-t昌ng-khe). No. 5 (CEIEN). Locality: Cho-chen (Cho-tin). Yen-shui-hsi No. 6 (CoEN No. 4). Lobality: (Kiah-chui-khe) at San-pao. No.. C). made distinguished. and. A:. B). Taiwan. Taxonomy. The. A). from. Locality. 23. 7. No.. 8. No.. 9. No.. 10. No.. ll. No･. 12. (Soan-p豆). (Soan-p豆)I (Kuo). Locality : Yen-shui-hsi (Kian-chui-khe) at San-pao (CHEN No. 5). Locality : San-ch血ng-hsi (Sam-tさng-khe). River floor of Chailliao (Chhai-1iaa). (Tu No. 1). Locality: River且oor Cbai-1iao. (Tu No. 2). Locality: of River且oor No. Locality: of Cbai-li且o. (Tu 3). R,iverfloor of Chai-1iao･ (Tu No･ 4)･ Locality: Cho-chen (Cho-tin) area･ (DGNTU-FV 5). Locality:. No.. No.. 19. *. No.. 20. No.. 21. No.. 22. (DGNTU-FV (DGNTU-FV (DGNTU-FU Department. DGNT口: FV. :. Fossil. 6). 7). 8). of. Vertebrate.. Locality:. Cho-chen. area.. Locality:. ChoIChen. area.. Locality:. ChoIChen. area.. Geology,. National. Taiwan. University･.

(14) 26. F). T.. Palaeoloxodon 14. No･. SfiIKAMA,. (CHIH. OTSUKA. No.. i).. treated. by. Y.. and. (MAKIYAMA). naumanni. CHEN. H.. ToMIDA. (1 specimen). Locality:. Ho-tie. Islet, Peng-hu. Islands,. Taiwan. Strait. Of. 25. specimens. Mammuthus tO. teresting. fact. and the. lt may. be. in. latter. is closely. said. and. the the. Peng-hu-Tainan. related. the. Quaternary. age. Pleistocene). are. fauna. (China) Setouchi,. upper. The. fauna. Cho-chen. 23)). fauna.. be. should. In Taiwan,. common. in. between. mind is. Japan. and. to. in. rather. rare. common,. relationship. Yushe. be. correlated. with. middle. Villafranchian.. (horizon. age. geologic. Vice. and. of of. the. In. distribution. probocidean. least. Group Cho-chen. Japan.. in. uersa. At. Osaka. (closely. taiwam'cus. the. (Japan),. lsa faunae. IV. and. former. the. (Zona III)or. upper. while. of. :. Kuzu也,. the. may. taiwanicus. and. may. Japan. about. mammalian former. the. armeniacus P. naumanni. Nihowan. upper. belongs. is shigensis) very. followlng. or. zone. akashiensis. called with the Villafranchian the so. existed. Narita. in. by. latter. the. while. probably kept. by. (Japan),. Proximus-shigensis. called. (BLOW's. to. found. two. recognized;. represented. Akashi. late. so. quite. rarely. Taiwan,. of. represented. fauna. the. with. being. faunan;. etc.. is. which. _extremely. Taiwan.. of. belong. the other specimens while is very slgni丘cant and in-. is. Islands,. late. Hsiaochaohwan. the. It. (MAR.),. naumanni. sediments. in. that. Cho-chen. Pleistocene. few.. relatively. Japanese. the. nov.,. subsp.. (64%). specimens. Ages. (Villafranchian. named. are. of Pleistocene. CeologlCal. faunae. the. other Palaeoloxodon. species. area. wide. texa. that. important. 2.. be. the. 16. writers,. taiwanicus,. armeniacus. belonglng. the. related middle be. might. Taiwan.. Taiwan. Japan. (shigensi9/. /. /. /. / /. Cho-cben. _. taiwanicus. fauna. Akashi. akashiensis. fauna. / Ⅴ. Stegodon. Description sinensis. (Pl. 1870.. Stegodon. 1915.. Stegodon. (1),. pp.. 1936.. Stegodon. 1942.. Stegodon. sinensis. OwEN.. Quart.. sinensis. OwEN,. MATSUMOTO.. 1,丘gs.. 4,5.. 7-10,. pl.. sinensis 1,2. pl.24,丘ge. pl.. 7,丘g.. 1,. orientalis b. 14a,. OwEN,. OwEN,. TAKAI･. OwEN,. 1870. Figs.ト3) Soc.. Jour. Geol.. S°i. Rep.. Jap･ Jour･. ⅢAYASAKA.. Geul.. Taiwan. London,. 26,. T6boku. Imp.. Geogr.,. 13. Chigaku-kiji,. p.. 417. 2,. UnivリSeC.. (3-4), 13. pp.. (4),. 3. 198-199,. p.. 109,.

(15) Fossil. described:. Specimen Description: preserved. ; posterior. but. the. other. to. verticol the. between. valley. is white with is very weak,. and. long. cement,. cement.. is dark. enamel. as. wall. not. pre-. much almost. altbougb Enamel wall. Basal. grey.. is rugose. as. ground. other,. each. with no. reserves. cement. and. tubercles. any. parallel. ridges. tint. to. broad,別1ed. very. third. and brown. without. ridge. preserved; 2.5-3.9mm. the. cingulum rather. proximally,. is broken mammilla. more. situated. Third. lateral. and. 4. is 丘11ed by is. valley. are. is. dentine. cracked;. islets of which is irregularly. outer. median islet ; anteroouter. other. are. it and. corner. of. brown. ; enamel. is thick. into. cement. more. is 4. than. but. is broken. in. 2. longitudinal outer. of. and. is. composed. in they. visible; lOOmm.. the. preceding bottom. valley. its are. aft. wall. almost. is eminently. 10-ll. of. sets. in. distally.. projected ridges. vsinus; broken.. is. end. mammillae; of paired Valley between 2 mammillae.. depressed. are. frequency. 3. fourth. third. ridge. in. arranged. ridge. 4 mammillae. Fourth. divided. distinctly. Fifth. preceding.. 5 dentine. portions;. the. between. valley. smooth. are. be. may. mammilla. islet. the. of. very. outer. which. of. into. composed. surface. depressed. divided. two. carrylng of ll mammillae, islet; mammilla exposes small dentine the is bent backward sharply ridge and. view,. Cement. view, Ridge. of 6 mammillae distally; enamel wall. portions. broken. thick. is. ridge. mammilla. ridges. end. than. outer. of. is 3.4-4.7mm. each. posterior. is also. ground,. anteriorly. corner. posteroinner wall. outer. of. ridge is moderately is largest composed. one. oval,. and. anteriorly. thick.. Second outer. of. valleys. second. yellowish. First. of. and. Straight, are. molar.. ridge is moderately hence the tooth. second. of mammillae,. runnlng. third. upper. distally.. smooth. In. border,. Right. 5 ridges, 105.2mm with largely broken丘rst ridge. ;. ridge;. all composed. all low,. are. outer. is unpreserved. 27. (Ⅰ). 9.. fragment. orlglnalfirst. are. Taiwan. DGNTU-FV. tooth. sized. the. ridges. Ridges. worn.. 23.. portion. is probably. served. No.. Large. from. Proboscidea. mammillae, large. median. fourth median. valley; higher. than. that. of. inner. half;. in. portion. is. and. unworn. 丘fth. and. of. the. posterior. acutelyprojected.. TL. Ridge. m. 1. 0. 1 2. Locality. :. 62.4±. 一. 31.8 15.7. 40.6±. 3. 68. 7. 4. 69.8±. 8.9±. 47,3. 46. 0. 5. 72.0±. 6.7＋. 49.1. 54.3±. (Toa-khen-b6e),. Ta-keng-wei. wu-chan-hu. (pIChan-6),. (Ch6-tin). Precisely. Horizon: *. Transversal. TL:. 皿m. 30.5. unknown. I:. length. os. :. Ditto. on. m. :. Ditto. along. W. :. ■W￣idth. occulusal. median. surface. height. Height. i. :. Ditto. on. inner. side. 0. :. Ditto. on. outer. side. ChoIChen.

(16) 28. T.. SHIl{AMA,. Stegodon. H.. OTsuKA. (Parastegodon). 1936･. Parastegodon figs.. 1936.. Parastegodon. akashiensis 1491-1502,丘gs. 1-5.. pp.. Stegodon 丘gs.. described:. TAKAI,. SHIKAMA･. 24･. 13･ Tu. is. Tooth six. preservation; run. ridges. small. Acad.. Plants. and. Animals. 19-21,. pp.. Tokyo,. 12. (Tokyo),. 13. Chigaku-kiji,. 10.. Posterior. molar. of. (4),. (1), 5(8),. p. 109,. pl.6,. of. right. portion two. consistlng stored in the. T6). but. posteriorly are. outer. ridges. Of Medical. relatively. wide. view,. anterior. While. College. there. are. and. distinct. three. ones. projected. Last ridge. preserved. Last. and. anterior. obtusely. as. anteriorly･. no. worn;. tubercles･. any. without. portion,. posterior. low. very. bent. are. posterior. tolerably. and丘f比ridges. ridges. but. margln,. but. rugose. of. and. are. all ridges. Fourth three. anterior. preserved to. vertical. tubercles･. long,. 84･4mm. sized, are. ridges. straight,. accessory. valleys. Imp･. DGNTU-FV. (CHHONG-M豆NG. In lateral view, u血dulated･ Alveole is moderately thick and like. Proc･. Taiwan. Fragment. are. is. (1),. (Tu 5). (Pl. 1,点gs. 4-5). Description: three. Tokyoフ12. Acad･. No.. 24.. good. No･. TsむNG-MING. of Kaohsiung. in. S臼IKAMA･. No･. molar･. to. No.. Imp･. b.. second. belonged. Proc･. HAYASAKA･. OwEN,. sinensis. 10a,. Specimen upper. 1936). 4-5). TAKAI,. akashiensis 22-24,丘gs.ト4.. pp.. 1942･. (TAKAI,. I,2.. Parastegodon. 1937.. Figs.. TAKAI･. akashiens.1S. ToMIDA. akashiensis. 1,. (Pl･. Y.. and. bent. are. and. penultimate. between丘rst. valleys. 3. ridges. In. mel. crown. is quadrate;. wall. as. is. preserved. disc. thin,. very. thick,. mm. 2･1mm. Third. tbick･. wall. end. wall. is. quadrate. running. outer. forward. is. ped. down. enamel. wall is 3.2-3.8mm Fifth ridge composed. smooth,. small ridge;. while and. gently posterior. attached. it is composed. to. end wall. of 5 dentine. rather. is. and. and. wall enamel. wall. subquadrate,. and. is 5 outer. while. thick. is. wall. is 4.5mm. posterior. subquadrate.. islets. of. mammillae. Anterior. oval･. elongate. sIⅥ00th. enamel. 2･7mm. is elongately. disc. is largest. is. ridge. enamel. anterior. ena-. dentine. ridges;. anterior. posterior. wall. enamel. enamel. is composed. from. is curved. posterior. little;. a. quadrate;. of. end Second. succeeding. posteriorly;. inner. inner. crenulated･. and. crenulated, weakly. and. straight. is subcircular;. one. them. and血ely. broken:. and丘nely. are. ends. is. ridgs. preceding. both. and. is undulated. ridge. exposed Fourth ridge. second. thick. is thin. its. with. first. of. wall. enamel. appressed. is elongate. portor. near. rugose. of. which. the. wall. gently. slo-. proximally;. posterior. thick. 7. of aftward;. mammillae. wall the. anterior. is rather. proximal. of 7 mammillae. 4 accessory. and. is. wall. Last. rugose･. portion of. which. of. tubercles. widely sixth. exposed ridge. wall posterior innermost. the. of one. is. the. among and. very. very. low,. preceding. is the. largest..

(17) Fossil. Ridge. frequency. proximal. Proboscidea. is 5 in lOOmm. at. occulusal. TL. khen-khe. 70.5. 18.4. 18.7. 61.2. 69.9. ll.1. 25.4. 19.6. 4. 54.5. 67.8. ll.0. 29.5±. 30.0. 5. 60.2. 8.8. 33.9±. 31.1. 6. 43.8. 25.2. 23.9. Toa-khen, 3 km. of Chまi-chin-a. (T6a-koG-sham) formation. marine with 1930, HAYASAEA. In. area. and. horizon. in. and. discovered. Tang-hsiao. formation, an. corresponding as. No.. an. served.. very one. being. lower. half. of. Anomia. sanやLIN. horizon drift. and. wood･ formations,. (T6u-k6u-sham) is very (Miao-1i) formations (middle Villafranchian) of Taiwan･. Byoritsu. Pleistocene. basal. by. lower. the. fossil. upper. overt. survey. is composed. which. overlying. the. from. occurred. accompanied of the Tokazan. the. of. part. from. detailed丘eld. a. made. from. Stegodon. of. derived. were. formation,. the. tooth. Only. two. the. tooth. noⅦ. ridges. 52.9mm. long. black.. at. probably are. mammillae frequency Ridge. ridges. are. ridge. 8. of. suboval becomes. as. Dentine. 5.8/100. low. and. islets. Valley. view. at. are. of the. Alveole. original tooth. the. and wide,. is. surface little. a. narrow. rather. im-. 51.4. 19.Omm. 57.0. 45.3. 16.7. 2. Locality. Precisely. unknown,. Horizon:. Precisely. unknown.. river且oor. of. Chai-1iao. wall. of wbicb and and. is. second. median deep. and. surface. 66. 0. 1. ridges. enamel. W Grinding. pre-. condition. Two. alveole.. TL Ridge. in. exposed. are. cingulum. of 8 mammillae. is composed. preserved. mm. end. is attached. rather. upper. long. 166mm. posterior sand. worn,. ones.. in. to. Brown. not. be. basal. and. mammillae. might. belong. base｡. the. Ridges. of. (M2?). hand. at. First. smooth. of. from. Villafranchian.. ; mid.. 13. Probably. is pure. a. of. Description:. the. Toa-. of. (Tung-hsiao). Ts丘syo. mid.. were. specimens. (Tang-hsiao). upper. unit. tributary. a. of. specimens. the. the. altertation:. shale a Rhinoceros. portant. that. concluded of Tsasyo. 3. repOrted. specimens formation), but LIN. (Tien-tzu-hu. bed. gravel. ;. Ostrea. as. molluscs. that. regarded. and. wall. southeast. Tokazan associated. Valley. Tai-chung-hsien.. mm. -. 67.2. area. of the. 69.0. 3. Remarks: T6a-khen. 15.1. 2. River,. formation. are. at. 0. 1. 16.1. Horizon:. afld. lOOmm. Ⅲ. m. 63.7. Locality:. stone. 6 in. and. Ⅵr. OS. 1. fossil. surface. portion.. Ridge. lying. 29. (I). Taiwan. from. (Chhai-1iまu)..

(18) 30. T.. H.. SrIIKAMA,. Stegodon. OTSUKA. (Parastegodon). 1918･. Parastegodon. 19421. a. described: of third. part. Description: 122mm. T6hoku. Imp.. Taiwan. DGNTU-FV. Univ.,. 2,3. ser.. 13. Chigaku-kiji,. ll.. just below. the. high. low. and. broken. jaw,. sized. 89mm. is relatively. (2),. (4),. 109,. p.. lower. Right. fragment. jaw. anterior. of third. portion. just anterior. wide;. proximal. and. anteriorly. the. of. portion. molar,. molar. of. its ascending 173 mm long,. of. inner. along. ascending. ridge.. is. ramus. visible. outer. bent. are. ridges other. and. not. degree,. in. so are. which. acutely in. highas. so. relatively. 3 ridges. other. aI-d anterior is 5.5/100mm. are. frequency. 5/100. while and. very. mm. at. rugose. First. in. obtu.sely. curved. ridge half Posterior. dentine. islets.. served;. inner. one. dentine. islet.. Enamel. bent. to. inner. be. is long wall. foreward. neighbourlng丘rst broken. In crown seem. seems. and. and. rtln. almost. at. and. outer. dentine. is eroded. dentine. islets. very. of. margins distinct broken.. is partly. aft Second. smooth.. inner. both. 2. wall ridge outer. alld. is pre-. mammillae. is. one. outer. and. 2.4-2.6mm;. ridges;. inner. islet of which deducing and from Third. is oval; a. distinct. small. of is. suboval. with. outer. mammillae. compressed are. ends. with tolerably. is distinctly. outer. is composed. ridge. 3 are large sized; both of wbicb median mammillae are broken. Dentine islets much oval and relatively small relatively. widely. exposed.. Enamel. which from. anterior and posterior portion depression of posterior side.. inner. and. much. both and view with anterio-inner is relatively wide ; anterior ; ridge portion be composed 4 large mammillae exposlng of. is thick,. of mammilla Dentine islet of second mammilla is thick (2.8-3.9mm). very wall. is smooth. so. one. outer. and. alveolar. is not. cingulum. each. islets ; ridge. the ridge is composed of of 4 large mammillae, view divided into 2 dentine islets respeotively; second mammilla. is smallest,. each s.one. to. parallel. dentine. eXpOSlng. worl1,. largely. transversally. third. outewrd. to. crown. to. of. with. converge. ridges. Basal. is. one. view,. parallel. appressed each other with valleys in interolateral posterior view,. surface. margin.. subquadrate. corners anterio-outer is much broken, but. is wide,. occulusal. inner. broken.. In lateral. tint･. on. but. less. or. long. is much. ridge. almost. ridges. view,. more. alveolar. although is. ridgs. on. inner. crown. 122mm. to. ridges;. In. wide.. upward,. are. ridges. than. offirst brownish. with. ; posterior. view,. narrower. grey. is. and. ridges,. portion. proJeCtlng. Elephas. exterolateral. much. are. valleys. foreward,. 6. retains. molar. little worn,althoughanterior is light brown tooth or. alveole, a Bone and. 3. 25.. side a little. Anterior portion of third. on. Rep･. HAAYASAKA.. No･. small. and. wide. Jaw. Sci･. molar.. A. is preserved. ramus,. 6-7). ll.. Specimen with. OwEN,. cf･ sinensis. 6,丘g.. 1918). 1-3.. 20,丘gs.. pl.. Stegodon pl.. MATSUMOTO･. aurorae. 51-56,. pp.. ToMIDA. (MATSUMOTO,. aurorae. 1, Figs.. (Pl.. Y.. and. wall. depressed. of and sized.. more. Enamel 10 small. are ends Posterior wall. outer. is 2.2-3.9mm. thick..

(19) Fossil. Fourth. outer. and. fourth. and. fifth. portion. Just. below. transverse. upper. as. valley also. is also. surface;. retaining. sixth. but. cement. OS. mm. -. 67.9±. 10.2±. 29.1±. 27.8±. 72. 2. 10.5±. 30.2±. 29.9±. 5. 55.6＋. 74. 0. 9.1±. 35.0±. 30.2±. 34.9±. 69.7. Brown. hysudricus. limonite. and. attached. (MATSUMOTO,. paramammonteus 2,丘gs.. 1-6). MATSUMOTO.. Paramammonteus. 1959). Mag.. Zool.. Tokyo,. 51. 703-. (10), pp.. 3.. indicus. buski. TAN.. MATSUMOTO,. Kagakuno. Taiwan. in. (Taiwan. Science),. 660.. described:. second. is. sandstone. margln.. alveolar. 716,丘g.. (4),. No.. 15.. DGNTU-FV. 1.. Posterior. portion. of. right. molar.. 16.. DGNTU-FV. 2.. A. part. fragment. No.. 17.. DGNTU-FV. 3.. A. No.. 18.. DGNTU-FV. 4.. A. and. 0. 53.8＋. p.. wall. orlglnal. H. 51.3＋. DescriptL'on. thick. hence. 4. ElePhas. aft. edge.. broken,. 3. Specimen. and. sharp. valley,. interior. 21.3±. Archidiskodon. Last. preceding. 24.5±. (Pl.. Tooth. the. 14.0. Elephas. No.. along. 8 mammillae.. 65.1. (Ch6-tin).. No｡. broken. 57.2＋. unknown.. lower. along. 2. along. narrow. striation. 1. Cho-chen. 7. a. 20.3±. Precisely. 1939.. as. in. 21.0±. Locality:. 704,. more. 59.8. Horizon:. 1959,. of. m. 6. is coated. touches. a. W. 1. which A very. observe.. TL Ridge. between. largely. narrow,. is exceedingly. to. that. thick.. becomes. which. difBcult. becomes. and. composed. enamel. but. of cemant both ridges.. very. full. with. striation. is very. ridge. be. to. seems. is preserved. the. of. in running,. straight. transverse. ridge. aspect. to. deep,. are. mammillae; is tolerably. surface. grinding. amount. 9. more. of. ridges. of valley be 3mm. portion. is also丘11ed. preserved. composed and. 31. (Ⅰ). of neighbouring. seems. wall. Taiwan. sufncent. surface. ridge. a. fotlrth. with. median. runs. ridge. occulusal. isfilled. Enamel. surface. Fifth. and. third. grinding. sinus. much. and broken. are. ends. ones. from. Straightly. between. Valley. eroded.. of. is runnlng. ridge. inner. both. Proboscidea. 15.. left. of. third. lower. molar.. third. of left lower. posterior. part. robust,. composed. molar. third. molar.. :. (Pl. 2, is rather. ones. lower. of right. are. gently. Figs. large,. much curved. 1-2) stout,. broken backward. and. remainlng in lateral. if it is restored, the orlglnal preserved; some 17 ridges. Ridge frequency is 6. length at. of. 8. 6 ridges Tooth view. may. distal. attain portion. of. ridges, are. they. visible; is 115mm 310mm. and. 5.5. fore. which. are. long and. at. as. carry. alveolar.

(20) 32. lateral. In. portion.. through. ridges. are. largely. transversally. than. mm. is. Third. inner as. runs. outer. is. Eighth in its. aft. longer. not. vaulted,. outer. valleys. the. latter. wall,. distal. and. is 43.8. alld. ridge. along. distal. blユt Outer to. in. inner. and. brown. is. distal. a. surface. is yellowish by. lignitic. sand. 2 and. than corner. mammillae. is composed. ridge outer. tip. is lamelate. one. Of. ridge white attached. a. mammillae is moderately. and. cement to. tber. former,. the of. inner as. OS. m. 68.6十. 2. 69,8±. 83.0. 3. 58.5±. 82.. 4. 52.3±. 83.5. of 2 large in posterior. which. depressed is yellowish specimen.. 5. 42.6±. 78.. 0±. 6. 44. 0±. 72.. 1. 7 8. 1. 59.7. -- 7＋. 12.0. 118.4. 127.. 10.0. 119.5. 136.4＋. 10,3. 125. 8. 137.1＋. 9.2. 123.3. 128.7＋. 9.2. 106. 0. 118.9＋. 101.5. 107.0. 10.1. mam-. view.. is angular. mm. 8. are. preserved. 0. 1. runlllng mammillae. TL. Ridge. to. inner. inner mamrespectively,･ is alike to the preceding ridge. 2. of. of second. is thick. appressed. outer. of which. elongate. discs. wall. much. of one. second. other;. EJnamel. all. is. valley. other. Sixth more. Seventh. only. Enamel. are. ; anterio-inner. view.. posterior. ones. each. is brokeI一and. one. is preserved. portion.. ridge. with. almost. is composed. ridge each. outline.. 4mammillae,. Dentine. crown. in. surface.. posterio-outer. foreward.. fluent. con. ; both. wide,. Third. is. wall. into 3 portions. exteriorly. Fourth. cement.. with. many. posterior. is 5.5-6.Omm. it is broken. of. broken. divided. valley. succeeding. is composed. outline,. and. black. the. surface. has. chilite. but. one. second. Second. almost. view,. its both and ends straight is enamel thick (2.1-3.9 rather narrow, 4.5mm is rather wide.. subquadrate. and. confiuent. which. view. are. to. oval. ridge. median. stained. posterior. runs. with. su缶cent. ones. largest. become. projected. irregularly millae,. much. penultimate. wide. islet is depressed,. cement丘11ed. 2. one. anterio-inner. of. of. be. distinct,. is not. iしn anterior. valley. subcircular.. inner. Fifth. much. much. are. is. side. inclined,. from. runs. to. of posterior. quadrate;. parallel. and丘1ledwith. but. in general. one. posterior. of 45o with from fourth. surface. seem. and. half. ridge. First. dentine. ridge;. other;fifth. millae. Second. straight, and. second wide. is. occulusal. angle. interodistal. last. at. exteriorly;. moderate.. ends. (2.6-3.9mm). are. an. sinus. clngulum. inner. of. islet is elongate. also. other. each. makes. biglトー5.2mm. down. grooves.. is. 4 mammillae from. and. with. base;. crown. mammillae. tubercle. only. sloped. plication. as. wide 6.6-8.2mm. with. and. Basal. 70o. about. longitudinal. inner. is 25.4mm. of. 50o. about. median. ones.. is preserved. undulated. and. angle. surface. hence. former. much. ridge. eminently. backward. distinct. a. dentine. subcircular;. mm). down. orlglnal. longitudinal. and. of. ToMIDA. wide.. ridge. which. distinct. in. the. respectively;. angle. a. Y.. and. an. make. view, Occulusal. broken,. carries. OTSUKA. crown. seventh.. and. mm-10.5 First. slopes. In. ridge. rtlgOSe. an. abruptly. H.. ridges. make. surface.. occulusal. of. view. may. surface which distal margln. 2. SllfKAMA,. T.. along brown,.

(21) Fossil. Locality:. Cho-chen. (Ch6-tin).. Horizon:. Precisely. unknown･. Remarks:. Old. hence. MOTO,. No.. as. is. surface. convex. inward.. is bluish. of. occulusal. are. median quency. is. broken. cracked. also;. posterior. struction Inner of. aft wall end. to. sixth. of. orlglnal foreward;. 4. 76. 3±. 6. aspect,. fore. enamel. proximal. portion which is exceedingly. fre-. Ridge. view. at. each. ridge Aft. two.. is largely. median. at. On. half. outer. projection. be丘nely. W. sixth and. inner. crenulated･. 班 0. 1. mrn. 67.8. 16.7 14.0. 64.4. 85. 4. 83.5＋. 74. 8. 14.2. 86, 0±. 90.9. 89. 5±. 10. 3±. 63.0±. 88.0±. buski,. of. is invisible;. 15.5. an. ridges･ projection. wall. 82. 6. Precisely. Inner. broken･. enamel. to. con-. general. posterior a. broken. seems. wall. in. is much. has. of. projection. other. toward. 2･2mm. and. median. ridge. median. anterior. 78.2. Cho-tin. buski.. ends. quadrate;. 81.5. 52.9＋. 7. as. to. fourth. ridge. 71.5±. 62.8＋. 5. species. crown. m. 3. indicus. ; inner are. 59.5±. :. backward. of them backward･. strong. alike. have. hence. 2. ElePhas. a. in. thick. a. Fourth. ones. TL. Remarks. only. longitudinally. Seventh. crenulated･ no. are. ridges. sixth. has. and. corner. OS. Horizon.･. bent. Third ridge crenulated･ disc is transversally dentine. ends, 1 mm. thin,. narrower. and. Ridge. :. enamel. is Bnely. outer. and. is subquadrate･. ridge. projects. Locality. while. depressed. ends. ridge. which. wall. crenulated Outer. while丘fth. much. and. retaining. is relatively. gradually. retains. backward. projected. Second. inner. wall. outline.. is coarsely. ridge. its both. enamel. of fourth. wall. is broken, length.. median. wall, anely Fourth wall･. end. aft. brown,. more. attain. may. yellowish. outer. and. is strongly. wall. transverse. becomes. corner. margln. length. is tolerably. of valley. foreward. turned. preserved. at. and. to. curved. strongly. surface. posterior. broken. brown. are. inner. orlglna1. its ocand is gently. worn. mm.. in. except. the. restored,. thick,. ; cement. as. ridge 43 mm. posterior. dentine. of aft enamel. 5.5/100. is much. at. and. is much. view. upper. 109･2. 6 ridges,. coloured･. abruptly. portion. is about. molar. relatively. surface. are. First. buski･. as. retainlng. width･. in. and. is. brown. to. grey. ridges. this. molar,. sized. maximum. upward. concave. Cement. mm.. in. 89･5mm. If the. All ridges at. as. regarded. large. of relatively. portion. preserved,. culusal. less 250. once. others. is attached･ sand E･ indicus buski MATSU-. limonitic. is written. specimen. 33. (I). (Pl. 2,丘g. 3). anterior. long. mm. and. Taiwan. from. Yellowish. of this. label. HAYASAKA. 16.. An. or. Proboscidea. (Ch6-tin). unknown.. old label of the hence HAYASAKA. specimen, and. there. others. once. is. seemed. name. of. regard. this. a. written to.

(22) 34. SHIKAMA,. T･. No･. 17.. The. specimen. ridges broken. (Pl. 2,丘gs.. H.. long. mm. each. other. Outward. frequency. is. view,. surface. of. one. than. composed. margin. straight,. portion. of. with. As. lateral. ridges Ridge. view･. 6 along. tooth･. sec-. parallel. backward.. and a. ridge. are. transverse. a. 4. of only. last. the. of hence. curved in inner. ridges. inner. posterior. run. ridges. abruptly. wider is 5 along. perharps. posterior. is unpreserved,. portion. are. valleys. specimen. and. lateral. a. sqrface,. occulus,al. of tooth. proximal. distal. on. In. visible･ their. and. COnVerge. The. is. along. the丘rst. anterior wall of distal o庁; also portion. of tooth. ToMIDA. Y.. and. 4-5). is 68･1. and. tion. OTSUKA. outer. Basal. margln.. is. clngulum. unpreserved.. In. crown. inclined. to. Enamel. is distinctly. backward. ; enamel. to. and. Second broken. cement-dentine third. and. of. 15. SOme. carrylng. are. cracked. Inner. end. the. 13.0. 54.0±. 87.3. 98. 8±. 71.4. long. and. 1. 0. 1. mm. -. preserved. (Sin-h丘a).. 5. its. at. posterior. tolerably. ridges,. to. each. ; they. (Ch6-tin).. greyish and. enamel. wall is broken. walls wall. are. is thick. is relatively. is curved. gently,. run. with. black. greyish. black･. In lateral to. oblique. each. other.. black,. view,. occulusal Ridge. oc-. at. to. ridges. surface frequency. broken.. preserved. ridge. is. long. 65･5mm. portion,. enamel. parallel. as. aft enamel. ridge. run. is much. Second. median projection ; enamel First valley as preserved. or. other. portion. ridge view,first convex forward;. a. terminal worn;. brown. greyish. appressed. crenulated.. Cho-chen. 6).. are. of fore and. Probably. unknown.. (Pl. 2,丘g.. Third. other.. H*. 73.0＋. posterior margin is 8/100mm. Proximal. pressed.. Ⅵ｢. 86.7. to. portion. 220mm. about. 4. retainlng. and. attain. 3. somewhat. coarsely. size may. original. 64. 4＋. cement-dentine. curved. ridge. 45. 2±. is preserved. crown. of second. 15.4. are. each. islets and distinctly is wider longitudinally. 86.5. Him-hua. In. dentine. along. 2. Precisely. even. (2.4-3.9mm).. 85.. and. are. of posterior wall expands is brown Enamel yellowish. 1. Horizon:. culusal,. with. parallel. m. as. ends. ridges.. Locality:. Tooth. and portion. Ridge. *. 18.. inner. and. brown.. TL. No.. straight median. thick. surface･. subquadrate. one.. is restored,. tooth. are. and. are. ridges. inner. of third. If the. crenulated is rather. wall. their. that. than. ends of ridges Ridges run. forward･. turn. wall. white,. outer. view. is preserved is a. coarsely. its aft. thick relatively little at its outer crenulated. and. its both. ends. are. (3.6mm) end; the. and. (2.9-4.1mm) ; inner (about 8.5mm) wide. end and. gently. wall,. and. median has. latter. is subcircular. distinctly. vertical. to. de-. both.

(23) Fossil. inner. outer. and. marglnS;. ; enamel. circular coarse. is far. larger. itself is. wall. are. which. one. second. which. are. wall. to. attached. unexposed,. inner. except. ; median. aft. posterior. is. end. is visible and. composed. and. and. their. of are. shape. of circular. 5. seventh. outer enamel. mammillae exposed, are. ridges and. exterodistal. subsome. rrL. proximal. m. 1. 67.3. 70.9. 2. 59.1. 65.0. ll.8. 79.3. 65.2±. 3. 50.8. 56. 5. ll.2. 84.2. 74. 4. 4. 40. 2. 47. 6. 7.9. 86.2. 75. 1. 26.9. 41.0. 7.8. 87. 4. 80. 7. r-. ∂. `. 0 -. mm. 6. 31.9±. 74. 8±. 74. 9±. 7. 23.9±. 52. 2ノ±. 49.6±. Locality:. Cho-chen. Horizon:. Precisely. Kicho. H. W. OS. (Ch6-tin)I.. unknown･ (Chi-ting) formation. Brown. (Ku. 5?).. sandstone. is. attached.. of. entirely. broken.. Ridge. tipper. outer. projection. Sixth. margln. 35. is obtuse;. small,. ridge islets dentine. is largest.. (Ⅰ). has portion, median wbicb into 2 dentine islets of which. is. Fifth. little and from. Taiwan. projection. is divided. ridge inner one. crenulated. a. worn. the. from. crenulated. Fourth. than. not. aft. median is not. wall. crenulation.. one. Proboscidea. Probably.

(24)