宇宙航空研究開発機構特別資料 JAXA Special Publication

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宇宙航空研究開発機構特別資料

JAXA Special Publication

2016年3月

「宇宙の人間学」研究会事務局

宇宙航空研究開発機構

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

「宇宙の人間学」研究会記録（その３）

Report on the Study of Cosmo-Anthropology（Volume 3）

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┠㻌 ḟ㻌

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➨ 3 ศ෉㻌

➨䊤❶㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍グ㘓㻌䠉䜰䞊䝖䛸Ᏹᐂ䠉㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌3

➨ 1⠇ Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䠄◊✲఍䛂➨ 7ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌7

➨ 2⠇ Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ᑗ᮶ᒎᮃ䠄◊✲఍䛂➨8 ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌107 㻌

➨䊥❶㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍グ㘓㻌䠉Ᏹᐂ᫬௦䛾ே㛫♫఍䠉㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌205

➨ 1⠇ Ᏹᐂ᫬௦䛾ே㛫♫఍䠄◊✲఍䛂➨10ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌209 㻌

➨䊦❶㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍グ㘓㻌䠉ᛮ⣴䛸ᐇయ㦂䛛䜙䠉㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌263

➨ 1⠇ ᛮ⣴䛸ᐇయ㦂䛛䜙䠄ad hoc◊✲఍䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌²⁶⁷ 㻌

䜐䛩䜃㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍䛾䜎䛸䜑㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌327 䛒䛸䛜䛝㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌330

⦅⧩ᚋグ㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌334 ᇳ➹⪅␎Ṕ㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌336 ῧ௜㈨ᩱ1 䛂ᗎ❶䛃䛾ῧ௜㈨ᩱ㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌339 ῧ௜㈨ᩱ2㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍㛤ദグ㘓㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌367 ῧ௜㈨ᩱ3㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍㈨ᩱ⦅㞟グ㘓㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌399 㻌

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➨ 1ศ෉㻌

䛿䛨䜑䛻㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍䛾㊃᪨㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌13㻌㻌

ᗎ❶㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍グ㘓㻌

㻌㻌䠉䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍㻌 ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏䛾⫼ᬒ䛸┠ᶆ䠉㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌19㻌

➨ 1⠇ 䛿䛨䜑䛻㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌23

➨ 2⠇ 䛺䛬䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃䛛䠉䛭䜒䛭䜒䛾⪃䛘᪉㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌31

➨ 3⠇ 2012ᖺᗘ䛛䜙䛾ேᩥ䞉♫఍฼⏝䝅䝘䝸䜸᳨ウWG 䛾άື䛾᪉ྥᛶ㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌37

➨ 4⠇ 䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ேᩥ䞉♫఍⛉Ꮫ◊✲䛃䛾᪉ྥ䛸┠ᶆ䠄2012ᖺ9᭶ẁ㝵䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌41

➨ 5⠇ 䛄Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛅䛾⦅⧩άື䠄2012ᖺᗘ䛾‽ഛẁ㝵䛾άື䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌49

➨ 6⠇ 䛄Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛅䛾⦅⧩άື䠄2013ᖺᗘ䛛䜙2014ᖺᗘ䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌55

➨ 7⠇ 䛂ᗎ❶䛃䛾᭱ᚋ䛻䠖

䛂᭷ேᏱᐂάື䛻䛚䛡䜛ேᩥ䞉♫఍⛉Ꮫ◊✲䝅䝘䝸䜸䛃䛻䛴䛔䛶㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌63

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➨䊠❶㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍グ㘓㻌

㻌㻌䠉඲యᴫせ㻌 Executive Summary䠉㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌165㻌

➨ 1⠇ 䛿䛨䜑䛻㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌169

➨ 2⠇ 䛂᐀ᩍ䞉ဴᏛ䞉೔⌮䛸Ᏹᐂ䛃䠄◊✲఍䛂➨1ᅇ䛃䛂➨ 3ᅇ䛃䛂➨9ᅇ䛃䛾ᴫせ䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌213

➨ 3⠇ 䛂⛉Ꮫ䛸Ᏹᐂ䛸⌧௦♫఍䛃䠄◊✲఍䛂➨2ᅇ䛃䛂➨5ᅇ䛃䛾ᴫせ䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌291

➨ 4⠇ 䛂᐀ᩍ䛸⌧௦♫఍䛃䠄◊✲఍䛂➨4ᅇ䛃䛂➨ 6ᅇ䛃䛾ᴫせ䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌329

➨5⠇ 䛂䜰䞊䝖䛸Ᏹᐂ䛃䠄◊✲఍䛂➨ 7ᅇ䛃䛂➨ 8ᅇ䛃䛾ᴫせ䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌365

➨6⠇ 䛂Ᏹᐂ᫬௦䛾ே㛫♫఍䛃䠄◊✲఍䛂➨ 10ᅇ䛃䛾ᴫせ䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌401

➨7⠇ 䛂ᛮ⣴䛸ᐇయ㦂䛛䜙䛃䠄◊✲఍䛂ad-hoc䛃䛾ᴫせ䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌431

➨8⠇ 䛄Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛅䠄ᴫせ⦅䠅䛾⦅⧩㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌449

㻌㻌

➨ 2ศ෉㻌

➨䊡❶㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍グ㘓㻌䠉᐀ᩍ䞉ဴᏛ䞉೔⌮䛸Ᏹᐂ䠉㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌3㻌

➨ 1⠇ ୰ୡ䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ䛸䜲䝇䝷䞊䝮䛾Ᏹᐂほ䠄◊✲఍䛂➨1ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌7

➨ 2⠇ Ᏹᐂ᫬௦䛾᐀ᩍ䠄◊✲఍䛂➨3ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌75

➨ 3⠇ ⏕࿨䛾ဴᏛ䛸Ᏹᐂ䠄◊✲఍䛂➨9ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌167 㻌

㻌

➨䊢❶㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍グ㘓㻌䠉⛉Ꮫ䛸Ᏹᐂ䛸⌧௦♫఍䠉㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌229㻌

➨ 1⠇㻌 ⛉Ꮫ䛸Ᏹᐂ䠄◊✲఍䛂➨2ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌233

➨ 2⠇㻌 ⛉Ꮫ䛸⌧௦♫఍䠄◊✲఍䛂➨ 5ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌301 㻌

➨䊣❶㻌䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍グ㘓㻌

㻌㻌䠉᐀ᩍ䛸⌧௦♫఍䠖᪥ᮏே䛾⮬↛ほ䛸᐀ᩍほ䠉㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌35䠓㻌

➨ 1⠇ ᐀ᩍ䛸᪥ᮏே䠄◊✲఍䛂➨4ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌361

➨ 2⠇ ᐀ᩍ䛸⌧௦♫఍䠄◊✲఍䛂➨6ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌413 㻌

㻌

(4)

➨䊤❶㻌

䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃㻌

◊✲఍グ㘓㻌

䠉䜰䞊䝖䛸Ᏹᐂ䠉㻌

➨䊤❶䛷䛿䚸䛂䜰䞊䝖䛸Ᏹᐂ䛃䛸䛔䛖䝔䞊䝬䛾䜒䛸㛤ദ䛥䜜䛯䚸䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍䛾

➨ 7ᅇ䠄2014ᖺ 3᭶24᪥㛤ദ䠅䚸䛚䜘䜃➨8ᅇ䠄2014ᖺ 4᭶23᪥㛤ദ䠅䛾グ㘓䜢㍕

㘓䛩䜛䚹䛣䜜䜙䛾◊✲఍䛷䛿䚸䛣䛾ศ㔝䛷၏୍䛾Ᏹᐂᐇ㦂䛷䛒䜛ᩥ໬䞉ேᩥ♫఍⛉Ꮫ฼

⏝䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䠄௨ୗ䛂䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛃䛸ゝ䛖䚹䠅䛾ᐇ᪋⤖ᯝ䠄๰ฟ䛻ྥ䛡䛯᳨

ウ䚸Ᏹᐂᐇ᪋䚸ᐇ᪋⤖ᯝ䛾⥲ᣓ䚸ᆅୖ䛷䛾ᒎ㛤䛺䛹䠅䜢୰᰾䛸䛧䛯ᵝ䚻䛺㆟ㄽ䛜⾜䜟䜜䛯䚹㻌

➨ 7 ᅇ◊✲఍䛿䛂Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䛃䛸㢟䛧䚸ᐇ㝿䛻Ᏹᐂᐇ㦂䜢ᐇ᪋䛧䛯⤒㦂䚸䛒䜛䛔䛿Ᏹᐂᐇ㦂䛻ྥ䛡䛯஦๓䛾◊✲άື䛾⤒㦂䛺䛹䛻ᇶ䛵䛝䚸Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䜈䛾ᮇᚅ䚸Ᏹᐂ 䜰䞊䝖䛾ព࿡䚸౯್䛺䛹䜢㆟ㄽ䛧䛯䚹㻌

➨ 8 ᅇ◊✲఍䛷䛿䛂Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ᑗ᮶ᒎᮃ䛃䛸㢟䛧䚸ึᮇ䛾᳨ウẁ㝵䛛䜙䚸Ᏹᐂᐇ᪋䚸

⤖ᯝ䛾⥲ᣓ䛺䛹䜢ᑓ㛛ᐙ䛸䛧䛶㛵䜟䛳䛶䛝䛯❧ሙ䛛䜙䚸Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾䛸䛿ఱ䛛䚸䛭䛧䛶Ᏹᐂ 䜰䞊䝖䛾ព⩏䛜㆟ㄽ䛥䜜䛯䚹

(5)

䇷㻌 ➨䊤❶㻌 ┠ḟ㻌䇷㻌㻌

㻌

➨1⠇㻌 Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䠄◊✲఍䛂➨7ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-1㻌 1䠊ㅮ₇䇷䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛧䛯䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䠄ヰ㢟ᥦ౪⪅䠖㐂ᆏ༟㑻䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-5㻌 ῧ௜䠖ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䠄ㅮ₇䝺䝆䝳䝯䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-24㻌 2䠊ㅮ₇䇷䛂ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛ⱁ⾡⾲⌧䛾ᮍ᮶㻌䠉Ᏹᐂ䛸ே㛫䛾㻌

㛵䜟䜚䛾᥈ồ䛻ྥ䛡䛶䠉䛃䠄ヰ㢟ᥦ౪⪅䠖ᑿⓏㄔ୍䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-36㻌 ῧ௜䠖ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛ⱁ⾡⾲⌧䛾ᮍ᮶䠄ㅮ₇䝺䝆䝳䝯䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-64㻌 3䠊㉁␲ᛂ⟅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-78㻌㻌

➨2⠇㻌 Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ᑗ᮶ᒎᮃ䠄◊✲఍䛂➨8ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-101㻌 1䠊ㅮ₇䇷䛂Ᏹᐂ᫬௦䛾䜰䞊䝖㻌䠉ISS䛂䛝䜌䛖䛃䛻䛚䛡䜛ி㒔ᕷ❧㻌

ⱁ⾡኱Ꮫ 㻭㻭㻿䛻䜘䜛ᐇ㦂䠉䛃䠄ヰ㢟ᥦ౪⪅䠖ᒾᇛぢ୍䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-104㻌 ῧ௜䠖Ᏹᐂ᫬௦䛾䜰䞊䝖䠉㻵㻿㻿䛂䛝䜌䛖䛃䛻䛚䛡䜛ி㒔ᕷ❧㻌

ⱁ⾡኱Ꮫ 㻭㻭㻿䛻䜘䜛ᐇ㦂䠉䠄ㅮ₇䝺䝆䝳䝯䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-134㻌 2䠊ㅮ₇䇷䛂▱䛾䝣䝻䞁䝔䜱䜰䛸䜰䞊䝖㻌䡚䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䜈䛾ᮇᚅ䡚䛃㻌

䠄ヰ㢟ᥦ౪⪅䠖㧗ᰗ㞝୍䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-157㻌 ῧ௜䠖▱䛾䝣䝻䞁䝔䜱䛸䜰䞊䝖㻌䡚䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䜈䛾㻌

ᮇᚅ䡚䠄ㅮ₇䝺䝆䝳䝯䠅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-165㻌 3䠊㉁␲ᛂ⟅㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-166㻌㻌

䛂➨䊤❶䛃ῧ௜㈨ᩱ㻌 ᩥ໬䞉ேᩥ♫఍⛉Ꮫ฼⏝䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛾ᴫせ㻌㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㽂㻌5-194㻌㻌

(6)

㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌

➨

➨䊤❶㻌㻌

➨

➨ 1 1 ⠇ ⠇㻌㻌 Ᏹ Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䠄◊✲఍䛂➨ 7 7 ᅇ ᅇ䛃䠅㻌㻌

(7)

㛤ദ䜎䛷䛾⤒⦋䞉ㄽⅬㄪᩚ㻌

䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍䛻䛚䛡䜛ⱁ⾡䛾㆟ㄽ䛿䚸௨ୗ䛻㏙䜉䜛䜘䛖䛺⤒⦋䛻䜘䜚䚸ᩥ໬䞉ேᩥ♫఍

⛉Ꮫ฼⏝䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䠄௨ୗ䛂䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛃䛸ゝ䛖䚹䠅䛾⥲ྜⓗ䛺ホ౯䚸⥲ᣓ䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸䛸䛺䛳䛯䚹

z 䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍䛷䛿䚸ᙜึ䚸ⱁ⾡䛜Ᏹᐂ䜢䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻ᛮ⣴䛧䛶䛝䛯䛛䚸䛭䛧䛶䛥䜙䛻䚸Ᏹᐂ 䛻ே㛫䛜㐍ฟ䛩䜛᫬௦䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸ⱁ⾡䛜䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻ᒎ㛤䛥䜜䚸䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺ᙺ๭䜢ᢸ䛖䜉䛝䛛䜢䚸ゝㄒⱁ⾡䚸㐀ᙧⱁ⾡䚸㌟యⱁ⾡䚸䛭䛧䛶㡢ᴦ䛺䛹䚸ከᵝ䛺ⱁ⾡䛾⠊␪䛛䜙᳨ウ䛩䜛䛣䛸䜢᝿ᐃ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹㻌

z 䛧䛛䛧䚸䛭䛾ᚋ䚸ᖹᡂ24 ᖺᗘ䛻䛩䜉䛶䛾Ᏹᐂᐇ㦂䜢⤊஢䛧䛯䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䠄䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛾ᴫせ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸➨䊤❶ῧ௜㈨ᩱཧ↷䠅䛾ᐇ᪋⤖ᯝ䛾⥲ྜホ౯䚸⥲ᣓ䛜ႚ⥭䛾ㄢ㢟䛸䛺䜚䚸ᮏ◊✲఍䛾ሙ䜢฼⏝䛧䛶⾜䛖䛣䛸䛸䛺䛳䛯䚹䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛿䚸ேᩥ♫఍⛉Ꮫศ㔝䛻䛚䛡䜛

၏୍䛾Ᏹᐂᐇ㦂䛷䚸ᵝ䚻䛺ேᩥ♫఍⛉Ꮫ䛾ᑓ㛛ᐙ䛻䜘䜛ᐇ᪋⤖ᯝ䛾⥲ྜⓗ䛺ホ౯䛜ồ䜑䜙䜜䚸 ᮏ◊✲఍䛜䛭䛾ᙺ๭䜢ᢸ䛖䛣䛸䛸䛺䛳䛯䚹

z 䛭䛾䛯䜑䚸◊✲఍䜢2ᅇ㛤ദ䛧䚸ヰ㢟ᥦ౪⪅䜢䚸䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛾䝔䞊䝬䛾๰ฟ䚸㑅ᐃ䛻ᦠ䜟䛳䛯㛵ಀ⪅ཬ䜃䝔䞊䝬䛾ᐇ᪋⪅䛺䛹䛾䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁㛵ಀ⪅䛻䛚㢪䛔䛩䜛䛣䛸䛸䛧䛯䚹◊✲

఍䛷䛿䚸䛂Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛃䛸䛧䛶䛾䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛾⥲ྜⓗ䛺ホ౯䛸䛧䛶䚸Ᏹᐂ䜈䛾ே㛫䛾⏕άᅪ 䛾ᣑ኱䛾ྲྀ䜚⤌䛾୰䛷䛂Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛜䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺ព࿡䜔ᆅ఩䜢༨䜑䜛䛾䛛䛃䚸䛂Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛜䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻ᒎ㛤䛥䜜䛶䛔䛟䛾䛛䛃䚸䛭䛧䛶䚸䛂Ᏹᐂᶵ㛵䛜䛣䜜䛻䛹䛖㛵䜟䜛䜉䛝䛷䛒䜛䛾䛛䛃䛻䛴䛔䛶᳨ウ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䛺䛳䛯䚹

z ◊✲఍䛂➨ 7 ᅇ䛃䛷䛿䚸䛂Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䛃䛸㢟䛧䚸Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䜈䛾ᮇᚅ䚸Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ព࿡䛸 ព⩏䛾ほⅬ䛛䜙ヰ㢟ᥦ౪䜢䛚㢪䛔䛩䜛䛣䛸䛸䛧䛯䚹䛭䛾䛯䜑䚸䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛷Ᏹᐂᐇ㦂䜢 4 䝔䞊䝬ᐇ᪋䛧䛯㐂ᆏ༟㑻Ặ䚸䛭䛧䛶䚸䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁๰ฟ䛻ྥ䛡䛯ᆅୖ䛷䛾◊✲άື䜢⾜䛳䛯ᮾி⸤⾡኱Ꮫ䛾ᑿⓏㄔ୍Ặ䛻ヰ㢟ᥦ౪䜢䛚㢪䛔䛧䛯䚹

z ◊✲఍䛂➨ 8 ᅇ䛃䛷䛿䚸䛂Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ᑗ᮶ᒎᮃ䛃䛸㢟䛧䚸䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛾ึᮇ䛾ẁ㝵䛛䜙ᑓ 㛛ᐙ䛸䛧䛶㛵䜟䛳䛶䛝䛯ᒾᇛぢ୍Ặ䚸䛚䜘䜃䚸䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䜢ྵ䜐䛂䛝䜌䛖䛃䛾୍⯡฼⏝䛻㛵䜟䛳䛶䛝䛯㧗ᰗ㞝୍Ặ䛻ヰ㢟ᥦ౪䜢䛚㢪䛔䛧䛯䚹

䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺⤒⦋䛻䜘䜚䚸◊✲఍䛂➨ 7 ᅇ䛃䛷䛿䚸㐂ᆏ༟㑻Ặ䚸䛚䜘䜃ᑿⓏㄔ୍Ặ䛛䜙䚸䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛾ᐇ᪋⤖ᯝ䜢㋃䜎䛘䚸Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䜈䛾ᮇᚅ䚸Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ព࿡䚸౯್䛺䛹䜢ㄽ䛨䛶䛔䛯䛰䛟䛣䛸䛸䛺䛳䛯䚹

◊✲఍䛾ᴫせ㻌

Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛻㛵䛩䜛᭱ึ䛾◊✲఍䛷䛒䜛➨7ᅇ䛾䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾ே㛫Ꮫ䛃◊✲఍䛿䚸䛂Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ྍ⬟

ᛶ䛃䛸䛔䛖䝔䞊䝬䛷䚸16 ྡ䛾ཧຍ䜢ᚓ䛶㛤ദ䛥䜜䛯䚹䜎䛪ヰ㢟ᥦ౪⪅䛚஧ே䛻䛤ㅮ₇㡬䛝䚸ఇ᠁䜢䛿䛥䜣䛰ᚋ䚸ཧຍ⪅඲ဨ䛻䜘䜛㉁␲ᛂ⟅䛜⾜䜟䜜䛯䚹㻌

(8)

䕿㻌 ㅮ₇䠉䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛧䛯䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䠄ヰ㢟ᥦ౪⪅䠖㐂ᆏ༟㑻䠅㻌

Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ䛜┒䜣䛻⾜䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛୰䛷⣳䛞䛰䛥䜜䛯Ᏹᐂㄽ䚸Ᏹᐂほ䛻ᙳ㡪䜢ཷ䛡䛯ⱁ⾡ᐙ䛯䛱䛜䚸䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺䝔䞊䝬䛸⾲⌧ᙧែ䜢⏕䜣䛰䛾䛛䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸㐂ᆏ༟㑻Ặ䛜ᐇ᪋䛧䛯Ᏹᐂᐇ㦂䛾⤂௓䜒ྵ䜑䚸 Ṕྐⓗ䞉ᐇ㦂ⓗ䞉⌮ㄽⓗ䛺⪃ᐹ䛜䛒䛳䛯䚹㻌

㻌

䕿㻌 ㅮ₇䠉䛂ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛ⱁ⾡⾲⌧䛾ᮍ᮶㻌䠉Ᏹᐂ䛸ே㛫䛾㛵䜟䜚䛾᥈ồ㻌䛻ྥ䛡䛶䠉䛃䠄ヰ㢟ᥦ౪⪅䠖ᑿⓏㄔ୍䠅㻌

᭱ึ䛻䚸2000ᖺᗘ䛛䜙ᐇ᪋䛥䜜䛯䚸ᮾி⸤⾡኱Ꮫ䛸NASDA 䛸䛾ඹྠ◊✲䛂ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛ⱁ⾡⾲⌧䛾ᮍ᮶㻌䠉Ᏹᐂ䛸ே㛫䛾㛵䜟䜚䛾᥈ồ䛻ྥ䛡䛶䠉䛃䛾ᐇ᪋⤖ᯝ䛾ᴫせ䚸䛚䜘䜃䛭䜜䜢

Ⓨᒎ䛥䛫䜛ᙧ䛷䚸ᑿⓏㄔ୍Ặ䛜ᐇ᪋䛧䛯άື䛾ሗ࿌䛜䛒䜚䚸䜰䞊䝖䛾ᢏ⾡䞉ᕤᏛ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛఩⨨௜䛡䚸 Ᏹᐂ䛛䜙䛾どⅬ䚸ᆅୖ䛾ᯟ⤌䜏䜢㉺䛘䛯ⱁ⾡⾲⌧䛺䛹䛾䜎䛸䜑䛜ㄽ䛨䜙䜜䛯䚹㻌

㻌

䕿㻌㉁␲ᛂ⟅㻌

䛿䛨䜑䛻䚸Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛾ᐇ᪋⤖ᯝ䛾୍⯡䛾ே䚻䜈䛾䜰䜴䝖䝸䞊䝏䛾㔜せᛶ䛻㛵䛩䜛㆟ㄽ䛜䛒䜚䚸䛭䜜䛻⥆䛔䛶䚸䜰䞊䝖䛸⛉Ꮫ䛻㛵䛩䜛㆟ㄽ䛸䛺䛳䛯䚹䜰䞊䝖䛸⛉Ꮫ䛾㛵ಀ䛻㛵䛩䜛㆟ㄽ䛿䚸䛣䜜௨㝆䜒

➨8ᅇ䛾◊✲఍䜎䛷䚸䛥䜎䛦䜎䛺ほⅬ䛛䜙㆟ㄽ䛥䜜䛯䚹

(9)

1.㻌 ㅮ₇䠉䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛧䛯䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃㻌䠄ヰ㢟ᥦ౪⪅䠖㐂ᆏ༟㑻䠅㻌

ྖ఍䠄㧗ᰗ䠅䠖㻌

௒᪥䛿䚸Ᏹᐂ䜰䞊䝖䛸䛔䛔䜎䛩䛛䚸ISS 䜢౑䛳䛶䜰䞊䝖䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䜢ᶍ⣴䛧䛶䛝䛯㛗ᖺ䛾Ⴀ䜏䛜 JAXA 䛻䛿䛒䜚䜎䛧䛶 ¹䚸䛭䛾᪩䛔᫬ᮇ䛾䛣䛸䜢䛤Ꮡ䛨䛾᪉䛸䚸䛭䜜䛛䜙ᐇ㝿䛻సရ䜢స䜙䜜䛯᪉䚸䛚

஧᪉䛛䜙䛾ሗ࿌䜢䛔䛯䛰䛝䜎䛩䚹

䜎䛪䚸᭱ึ䛿㐂ᆏ༟㑻Ặ䛻䛚ヰ䜢ఛ䛔䜎䛩䚹

㐂ᆏ䠖

௒䚸⤂௓䛔䛯䛰䛝䜎䛧䛯䚸⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛾≉࿨ᩍᤵ䛸䛔䛖௵䛻䛴䛔䛶䛚䜚䜎䛩䚸㐂ᆏ䛸⏦䛧䜎䛩䚹

⚾䛿䚸2008ᖺ䛛䜙2011ᖺ䜎䛷䛻䚸ISS䛾JEM䛾୰䛷⾜䜟䜜䛯䚸䛂ᩥ໬䞉ேᩥ♫఍⛉Ꮫ฼⏝䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛃¹䛻ཧຍ䛧䛶䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹䜎䛯䚸Ᏹᐂ䜢䝔䞊䝬䛸䛧䛯సရ䜢䚸1995 ᖺ㡭䛛䜙Ⓨ⾲䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䛿䛨䜑䛻㻌

୺䛻⚾䛜⯆࿡䛾䛒䜛䜒䛾䛿䚸䛂ග䛃䜢౑䛳䛯୍䛴䛾⾲⌧㡿ᇦ䛷䛩䚹ᙜึ䛿ྍどග⥺䜢౑䛳䛯సရ 䜢స䛳䛶䛔䜎䛧䛯䛜䚸⣸እ⥺䚸㉥እ⥺䛾䜋䛖䛜㡿ᇦ䛜ᗈ䛔䛣䛸䛛䜙䚸Ᏹᐂ⥺䚸୺䛻஧ḟᏱᐂ⥺䜢䝥䝷䝇䝏䝑䜽䞉䝅䞁䝏䝺䞊䝍䛷᳨▱䛧䜎䛧䛶䚸䛭䜜䜢ග䛻ኚ䛘䜛సရ䜢1995ᖺ㡭䛛䜙ไస䛧ጞ䜑䜎䛧䛯䚹

2000ᖺ 7 ᭶䚸᪂₲┴䛷ጞ䜎䜚䜎䛧䛯䛂㉺ᚋጔ᭷䜰䞊䝖䝖䝸䜶䞁䝘䞊䝺 2000䛃䛸䛔䛖䜰䞊䝖䜲䝧䞁䝖䛻 ཧຍ䛧䛶䛔䛯䛣䛸䛜䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹䛭䛣䛷䚸᪂₲┴䛾༑᪥⏫䛾Ჴ⏣䛻୍㎶ 1.5 䝯䞊䝖䝹䛟䜙䛔䛾䝇䝔䞁䝺䝇䛾䝭䝷䞊䜢 18 ᇶタ⨨䛧ゅᗘㄪᩚ䛧䜎䛧䛶䚸ⓙ᪤᭶㣗䛾ᆅ⌫䛾ᙳ䛛䜙ฟ䛶䛝䛯᭶䛾ග䜢཯ᑕ䛥䛫䛶䚸

ୣ䛾ୖ䛛䜙ឡ䛷䜛䛸䛔䛖సရ䜢స䜚䜎䛧䛯䠄ᅗ1䠅䚹䛭䛾䛒䛯䜚䛛䜙䚸ᙜ᫬䛾NASDA䛾᪉䛯䛱䛸䛾ඹྠ

సᴗ䛜ጞ䜎䜚䜎䛧䛶䚸௒䛻⮳䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛷䛩䛾䛷䚸⚾䛻䛸䛳䛶䛿䚸Ᏹᐂ䛸ⱁ⾡䛸䛔䛖䛾䛿䚸2008 ᖺ䛛䜙ᐇ㝿䛻Ᏹᐂ✵㛫䛷⾜䛳䛯ᐇ㦂

ⓗ䛺ⱁ⾡䛰䛡䛷䛿䛺䛟䚸䛭䜜௨๓䛛䜙䚸ไస䝔䞊䝬䛾୍䛴䛸䛧䛶ᣢ䛱⥆䛡䛶䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䜜䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸௒᪥䛚ヰ䛧䛷䛝䛯䜙䛸ᛮ䛳䛶䛚䜚䜎䛩䚹䛥䜙䛻䚸᫖ᖺ䠄2013 ᖺ䠅䚸䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛧䛯䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛸䛔䛖Ꮫ఩ㄽᩥ䜢᭩䛝䜎䛧䛶䚸䛭䛣䛷 4䠈5 ᖺ䛛䛡䛶䛔䜝䛔䜝䛸ㄪᰝ◊✲䛧䛯䜒䛾䜒䚸ⓙ䛥䜣䛻䛚ఏ䛘䛷䛝䛯䜙䛸ᛮ䛳䛶䛚䜚䜎䛩䚹

௒᪥䜏䛺䛥䜣䛻䛚ヰ䛧䛧䜘䛖䛸ᛮ䛳䛶䛔䜛䛾䛿䚸

ᅗ1㻌䛀LUNAR PROJECT䛁

㉺ᚋጔ᭷䜰䞊䝖䝖䝸䜶䞁䝘䞊䝺኱ᆅ䛾ⱁ⾡⚍㻌2000

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ⱁ⾡ᐙ䛯䛱䛜⪃䛘䛶䛝䛯Ᏹᐂほ䚸䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛷䛩䚹௒䚸Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ䛜㠀ᖖ䛻┒䜣䛷䛩䛡䜜䛹䜒䚸䛭䛣䛛䜙⣳䛞ฟ䛥䜜䛶䛝䛯Ᏹᐂㄽ䛷䛩䛸䛛䚸Ᏹᐂほ䛻ᙳ㡪䜢ཷ䛡䛯ⱁ⾡ᐙ䛯䛱䛜䚸䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺䝔䞊䝬䛸⾲

⌧ᙧែ䜢⏕䜣䛰䛾䛛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢䚸Ṕྐⓗ䞉ᐇ㦂ⓗ䞉⌮ㄽⓗ䛺᪉ἲ䛻䜘䛳䛶᫂䜙䛛䛻䛧䜘䛖䛸⪃䛘䛶䜎䛔䜚䜎䛧䛯䚹

1968ᖺ䛻䜰䝫䝻8ྕ䛛䜙᧜ᙳ䛧䛯䛂Earth Rise䠄ᆅ⌫䛾ฟ䠅䛃䛸䛔䛖෗┿䛸䚸1990ᖺ䛻䝪䜲䝆䝱䞊䛜䚸ኴ㝧ᅪ䜢㣕䜃ฟ䜛᫬䛻ᆅ⌫䛻᣺䜚㏉䛳䛶䚸䛂䝨䜲䝹䞉䝤䝹䞊䞉䝗䝑䝖䠄Pale Blue Dot䠅䛃䛸䛔䛖䚸䜟䛪䛛䛺㟷䛔Ⅼ䛷䛒䜛ᆅ⌫䜢᧜䛳䛯෗┿䛜䚸Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ䛻䛚䛡䜛᭱኱䛾ᡂᯝ䛰䛸ゝ䜟䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹ᙜ↛䚸䛣䛾෗┿䛿䚸䝃䜲䜶䞁䝔䜱䝇䝖䛰䛡䛷䛿䛺䛟䛶䚸ከ䛟䛾ᛮ᝿ᐙ䛺䜚䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛻䜒ᙳ㡪䜢୚䛘䛯䜟䛡䛷䛩䚹䛭䛾䛒䛯䜚䛛䜙䚸Ᏹᐂⓗ䛺どⅬ䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛧䛯సရ䜢Ⓨ⾲䛩䜛ே䚻䛜⌧䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺సရ䛜䚸䛂䝁䝈䝭䝑䜽䞉䜰䞊䝖䛃䛸䛛䛂䝇䝨䞊䝇䞉䜰䞊䝖䛃䛸䛔䛖䜅䛖䛻࿧䜀䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䜚䜎䛧䛯䚹㻌㻌㻌

䝻䝆䝱䞊䞉䝬䝸䞊䝘 ²䛸䛔䛖䚸䜰䝯䝸䜹䛾䝃䜲䜶䞁䝔䜱䝇䝖䛜䛔䜎䛩䚹ᙼ䛾䛚∗䛥䜣䚸䝣䝷䞁䜽䞉䝬䝸䞊䝘䛿NASA䛾䝺䝑䝗䝇䝖䞊䞁䛸䛔䛖䝻䜿䝑䝖䛾㛤Ⓨ⪅䛷䜒䛒䜚䚸䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇䛸ⱁ⾡䜢⼥ྜ䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖䜘䛖䛺◊

✲ㄅ䇾LEONARDO” 䜢MIT䠄Massachusetts Institute of Technology䠖䝬䝃䝏䝳䞊䝉䝑䝒ᕤ⛉

኱Ꮫ䠅䝥䝺䝇䛛䜙ฟ∧䛧䜎䛧䛯 ³䚹䝻䝆䝱䞊䞉䝬䝸䞊䝘䛿䚸䛭䛾◊✲ㄅ䛾Ⓨห䜢⥅ᢎ䛧䚸䛭䛾㈐௵⪅䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹1989 ᖺ䛾 IAF⁴䛷䛿䚸䛂Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ䛻䛚䛔䛶䛾ⱁ⾡ᐙ䛾ᙺ๭䛃䛸䛔䛖ㄽᩥ ⁵䜢Ⓨ⾲䚸ㅮ

₇䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹䛂䝇䝨䞊䝇䞉䜰䞊䝖䛸䛿୍యఱ䛷䛒䜝䛖䛛䛃䛸䛔䛖ᐃ⩏䜢䚸ᙼ䛿ᥦၐ䛧䛯䛾䛷䛩䚹ᙼ䛾ᐃ⩏

䛿䚸䛂Ᏹᐂάື䛻㛵ಀ䛩䜛⌧௦䛾ⱁ⾡䛷䛒䜛䚹䛃䛸䚹䛂Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ䜎䛯䛿Ᏹᐂ᥈᳨䜢㏻䛧䛶ᚓ䜙䜜䜛䚸▱

ぬ⤒㦂䚸᪂ᢏ⾡䚸᪂ᮦᩱ䜢฼⏝䛧䚸ᚰ⌮Ꮫⓗ䞉ဴᏛⓗ䛺᪂䛧䛔ᴫᛕ䜢⾲⌧䛩䜛ⱁ⾡䛷䛒䛳䛶䚸Ᏹᐂ 䛛䜙ぢ䜛ᆅ⌫䛒䜛䛔䛿Ᏹᐂ䛷య㦂䛩䜛Ᏹᐂ✵㛫䜎䛯䛿Ᏹᐂ⯪ෆ䛷䛾ⱁ⾡䛷䛒䜛䚹䛃䛸䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹᭦䛻䚸䛂Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䜢7䛴䛾㡯┠䛻䜘䜚ศ㢮䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

1989ᖺ䛻ᙼ䛿ᐃ⩏䜢ᥦၐ䛧䛯䛾䛷䛩䛜䚸䛭䜜䛛䜙䛩䛷䛻20ᖺ௨ୖ⤒䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹⚾䛿ᙼ䛸᫬䚻 Ꮫ఍䛺䛹䛷䛚఍䛔䛧䛶䚸䛔䜝䛔䜝䛸䛚ヰ䛧䛩䜛䛾䛷䛩䛡䛹䜒䚸䛺䛬ᙼ䛜䛣䛾᫬䛻䛣䛖䛔䛖ᥦၐ䜢䛧䛯䛾䛛⪺䛔䛶䜏䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䛾ၥ䛔䛻䚸䛂䛣䜜䛿௒ᚋ䚸䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛜䚸Ᏹᐂ䛸䛔䛖ኊ኱䛺䜒䛾䜢䝔䞊䝬䛸䛧䛶 άື䛧䜘䛖䛸ᛮ䛳䛯ሙྜ䛻䚸⮬ศ䛜䛹䛖䛔䛖❧䛱఩⨨䛻䛒䜛䛾䛛䜢ศ䛛䜚᫆䛟䛧䛯䛔䛯䜑䛻䚸⮬ศ䛸䛧䛶䛿䛣䛖䛔䛖ᥦ᱌䜢䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹䛃䛸ヰ䛧䛶䛟䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹20 ᖺ⤒䛳䛯௒䛾᫬௦䛻䚸䜒䛖୍ᗘぢ┤䛥䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䛰䜝䛖䛸⚾䛿ᛮ䛳䛶䛔䜎䛧䛶䚸䛭䜜䜢ྵ䜑䛶ㄽᩥ䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏䜎䛧䛯䚹㻌㻌㻌㻌

◊✲䛾ᴫせ㻌

䛣䛣䛷䚸䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻䛧䛶◊✲䜢⥆䛡䛶䛔䛳䛯䛾䛛䛸䛔䛖Ⅼ䛻䛴䛔䛶ㄝ᫂䛧䛯䛔䛸ᛮ䛔䜎䛩䚹୍䛴䛿Ṕ

ྐ䚸䜒䛖୍䛴䛿ᐇ㦂䚸䛭䛧䛶⌮ㄽ䛸䛔䛖୕䛴䛾どⅬ䛛䜙Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃ᐹ䛧䜘䛖䛸⪃䛘䜎䛧䛯䚹 Ṕྐⓗㄽ⪃䛾ᑐ㇟䛾୍䛴䛿䚸᫬௦䜢㉺䛘䛶⋓ᚓ䛥䜜䛶䛝䛯ኳయほ䜢⫼ᬒ䛸䛧䛯䚸䛂䜰䞊䝇䞉䝽䞊䜽䛃䛸࿧䜀䜜䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹1950 ᖺ௦䛛䜙ከ䛟䛾䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸≉䛻䜰䝯䝸䜹䛷ጞ䜎䛳䛯䜒䛾䛷䛩䛜䚸䜼䝱䝷䝸䞊䛾୰䛰䛡䛷䛿䛺䛟䛶䚸኱ᆅ䛻䜻䝱䞁䝞䝇䜢⛣䛧䛶䚸䛭䛣䛷ኊ኱䛺ᵓ㐀≀䜢๰䜝䛖䛸䛩䜛㐠ື䛜䛒䜚䜎䛧䛯䚹ᙼ䜙䛿䚸౛እ䛺䛟䚸䛛䛴䛶䛾㑇ᵓ䚸䝢䝷䝭䝑䝗䛷䛩䛸䛛䝇䝖䞊䞁䞉䝦䞁䝆䛷䛩䛸䛛䚸໭

䜰䝯䝸䜹䛻䛿䛯䛟䛥䜣䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䛻䜘䜛㑇ᵓ䛜䛒䜚䜎䛩䛡䜜䛹䜒䚸䛭䜜䜙䜢䜘䛟◊✲䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛭䛧䛶䚸

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䛣䛾䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛾୰䛾ఱே䛛䛿䚸ኳయ䛾㐠⾜䜢⮬ศ䛾సရ䛾୰䛻ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜䜛ヨ䜏䜢⾜䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛭䜜䛜䛂䝇䝨䞊䝇䞉䜰䞊䝖䛃䛾Ṕྐⓗ䛺ὶ䜜䛾䜂䛸䛴䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸ᛮ䛔䜎䛩䚹䛣䜜䛿䛒䛟䜎䛷䜒20ୡ⣖

௨㝆䛾ヰ䛧䛷䛩䚹㻌㻌㻌㻌

䜒䛖୍䛴䛿䚸䛂䝞䜴䞉䝝䜴䝇䛃⁶䛸䛔䛖䚸䝗䜲䝒䛻䛚䛡䜛⨾⾡㐠ື䛾୰䛻ぢ䜙䜜䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹䝞䜴䞉䝝䜴䝇䛾๰タ⪅䛾䝷䝈䝻䞉䝰䝩䝸-䝘䝆䛾ไస䝔䞊䝬䛾୍䛴䛻㔜ຊ䛛䜙䛾ゎᨺ䛜䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹䛭䛣䛛䜙ጞ䜎䛳䛯䚸 21 ୡ⣖ึᮇ䜎䛷䛾ᾋ㐟᙮้䛷䛿䚸䝬䜾䝛䝑䝖䜔䝞䝹䞊䞁䛺䛹䛾䚸ᵝ䚻䛺ᢏἲ䜢౑䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸䝟䝷䝪䝸䝑䜽䞉䝣䝷䜲䝖ᐇ㦂䛻䜘䜛䛂䝊䝻 G䜰䞊䝖䠄Zero G Art䠅䛃䛸䛔䛖ゝⴥ䜒䛩䛷䛻䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟䛻䛿䛒䜚䜎䛩䛾䛷䚸䛂䜰䞊䝇䞉䝽䞊䜽䛃䛸䛾஧䛴䜢Ṕྐⓗㄽ⪃䛾ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹

䛭䛧䛶䚸ᐇ㦂ⓗㄽド䛾ᑐ㇟䛿䚸⚾䛜䚸2008ᖺ䛛䜙2011ᖺ䜎䛷䚸ISS 䛻᪊䛔䛶4 ᅇ䛻䜟䛯䛳䛶䚸 ග䛸Ỉ䜢⾲⌧ᮦᩱ䛸䛧䛯సရ䜢ไస䚸ᥦ᱌䚸Ⓨ⾲䛥䛫䛶䛔䛯䛰䛔䛯య㦂䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

⌮ㄽⓗ⪃ᐹ䛾ᑐ㇟䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛻䜘䜛ᆅ⌫እ䛛䜙䛾どⅬ䛻䜘䜛䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䛺䛹䜢ᇶ┙

䛸䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛣䜜䛿䚸7 ே䛾Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛾䜲䞁䝍䝡䝳䞊䛻䛚䛔䛶║䛛䜙㫣䛜䛸䜜䛯䜘䛖䛺⤒㦂䜢㏻䛨䛶䚸௚䛾㈨ᩱ䛸䛒䜟䛫䛶ᩚ⌮䛧䚸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛾ព࿡䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃ᐹ䛧䜘䛖䛸ヨ䜏䜎䛧䛯䚹

ඛ⾜◊✲䛿䚸NASDA ᫬௦䚸ᅜ㝿㧗➼◊✲ᡤ䛸୍⥴䛻ඹྠ◊✲䜢䛥䜜䛶䛝䛯䚸௒᪥䛿䛔䜙䛳䛧䜓䛳䛶䛔䜎䛫䜣䛜䚸ᮌୗ෠㞝Ặ䜢୰ᚰ䛸䛧䛯䛄Ᏹᐂၥ㢟䜈䛾ேᩥ♫఍⛉Ꮫ䛛䜙䛾䜰䝥䝻䞊䝏䛅⁷䚸䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸ᮾி⸤኱䛸ி㒔ᕷ❧ⱁ኱䛜ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛰ඹྠ◊✲䛻䛚䛡䜛ሗ࿌᭩⁸䛺䛹䛷䛩䚹

䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸ᒎぴ఍䛜䛔䛟䛴䛛㛤䛛䜜䛶䛔䜎䛧䛶䚸1990 ᖺ௦௨㝆䚸䝰䞁䝖䝸䜸䞊䝹⨾⾡㤋䚸䝟䝸䛾䝴䞊䝻෗┿⨾⾡㤋䚹䝴䞊䝻෗┿⨾⾡㤋䛷䛿2003ᖺ䛸 2009ᖺ䛻2 ᅇ⾜䜟䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸᪥

ᮏ䛷䛿2001ᖺ䛻䚸Ỉᡞⱁ⾡㤋⌧௦⨾⾡䝉䞁䝍䞊䛷䛂Ᏹᐂ䛾᪑䛃⁹䛸䛔䛖ᒎぴ఍䛜㛤ദ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䜎䛯䚸ᮾி㒔෗┿⨾⾡㤋䛷䜒䛂䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䠖䝣䝻䞁䝔䜱䜰䠉▱ぬ䛾Ᏹᐂ䜈䛃¹⁰䛜㛤ദ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸䝗䜲䝒䜙䛧䛔䛺䛸ᛮ䛖䛾䛷䛩䛜䚸䝝䞁䝤䝹䜾䛾䜽䞁䝇䝖䝝䞊䝺䛸䛔䛖⨾⾡㤋䛷䚸䛂䝸䝍䞊䞁䞉䝖䜳䞉䝇䝨䞊䝇䛃䛸䛔䛖䚸䛣䜜䛿Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛䜰䞁䝏䝔䞊䝊䛾ᒎぴ఍䛷䚸㠀ᖖ䛻䝴䝙䞊䜽䛺ᒎぴ఍䛷䛩䚹௒

ᖺ䠄2014ᖺ䠅䛾6᭶䛛䜙8᭶䛻䛛䛡䛶䛿䚸ᮾி㒔⌧௦⨾⾡㤋䛷䜒䛂Ᏹᐂ䛸ⱁ⾡䛃䛸䛔䛖䝔䞊䝬䛷ᒎぴ

఍䛜㛤ദ䛥䜜䜛ணᐃ䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜎䛧䛶¹¹䚸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛻䛴䛔䛶䛾ᶵ㐠䛜⇍䛧䛶䛝䛯䛸ឤ䛨䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

ṔྐⓗどⅬ䠖䜰䞊䝇䞉䝽䞊䜽䛸Ᏹᐂᴫᛕ㻌䠉㻌 ྂ௦㑇㊧䛸ග䛾䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊㻌䠉㻌

䛭䜜䛷䛿䚸䛂䜰䞊䝇䞉䝽䞊䜽䛸Ᏹᐂᴫᛕ䛃䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸䜰䞊䝇䞉䝽䞊䜽䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛰ఱே䛛䛾䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛯䛱䛜䚸ୡ⏺䛾㑇ᵓ䛛䜙ఱ䜢Ꮫ䜣䛷䚸䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻సရ䛜ᙳ㡪䛥䜜䛶䛔䛳䛯䛛䚸䛸䛔䛖ヰ䛧䜢䛧䛺䛜䜙䚸䛭䛾䝖䝺䞁䝗䛜ྂ௦䛛䜙Ᏹᐂ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛䜎䛺䛦䛧䛻䜘䜚ே䚻䛾୰䛷ᇵ䜟䜜䛶䛝䛯䚸䛭䜜䛜ከᵝ䛺ᙧ䛸䛧䛶ᒎ㛤䛧䛯䛸䛔䛖ヰ䛧䜢䛧䛶䛔䛝䜎䛩䚹

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⚾䛜⯆࿡䜢ぬ䛘䛯䛾䛿䚸䜎䛪䜲䝃䝮䞉䝜䜾䝏 ¹²䛷䛩䠄ᅗ 2䠅䚹ᙼ䛾ྡ๓䛿ⓙ䛥䜣䜒䛤Ꮡ䛨䛰䛸ᛮ䛔䜎䛩䛡䜜䛹䜒䚸᪥⣔䛾䜰䝯䝸䜹ே䛷䚸㠀ᖖ䛻䝴䝙䞊䜽䛺ά

ື䜢䛥䜜䛯᙮้ᐙ䛷䛩䚹᪥ᮏ䛻䜒䛯䛟䛥䜣⨾⾡㤋䛜䛒䜚䜎䛩䛧䚸䝙䝳䞊䝶䞊䜽䛷䜒䜰䝑䝥䝇䝔䞊䝖䛻⨾⾡

㤋䛜䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹ᙼ䛿䚸⮬ศ䛾సရ䜢䛂኱ᆅ䛾᙮้䛃䛸

࿧䜣䛷䛚䜚䚸ୡ⏺୰䜢䝸䝃䞊䝏䛧䚸ᆅ⌫䜢䜻䝱䞁䝞䝇䛸䛧䛶ྲྀ䜚⤌䜐䛾䛰䛸ゝ䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸䝻䝞䞊䝖䞉䝰䝸䝇 ¹³䛸䛔䛖᙮้ᐙ䚹䛣䜜䛿䚸䜰䞊䝇䞉䝽䞊䜹䞊䛸䛧䛶ྡ๓䛜ṧ䜛᙮้ᐙ䛷䛩䚹䛭䛧䛶䚸䝻䞊䝷䞁䝗䞉䝞䝷䝕䜱䞊䚸䝘䞁䝅䞊䞉䝩䝹䝖䚸䝏䝱䞊䝹䝈䞉䝻䝇䚸䝆䜵䞊䝮䝈䞉䝍䝺䝹 ¹⁴䛸䛔䛖䜘䛖䛺సᐙ 䛯䛱䛜䛔䜎䛩䚹

䜎䛪䚸䝻䝞䞊䝖䞉䝰䝸䝇䛻䛴䛔䛶䛷䛩䚹ᙼ䛿䚸ୡ⏺

䛾㑇 ᵓ 䜢䛪䛔䜆䜣 ◊ ✲ 䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛣䛾 స ရ 䛂Observatory䛃䠄ᅗ 3䠅䛿䚸ྎᙧᆺ䜢䛧䛯䝗䞊䝘䝑䝒

≧䛾ᅵᡭ䜏䛯䛔䛺䜒䛾䛷䛩䛡䜜䛹䚸䛭䛣䛾ᅄ᪉䛻

✰䛜✸䛯䜜䛶㛛䛾䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹᫓ศ䚸⛅ศ䚸 ኟ⮳䛸෤⮳䛾᪥䛾ฟ䛾ග䛜䛣䛣䜢㏻䛳䛶䚸ᑐ㠃䛾ቨ 㠃䛻ᢞ䛢䛛䛡䜛䛸䛔䛖సရ䛷䛩䚹

䛣䜜䛿䠄ᅗ4䠅䚸䝘䝇䜹䛾ྂ௦ே䛾ほ ⿦⨨䚸䝬䝲䛾䝽䝅䝱䜽䝖䞁䛾㑇㊧䛷䛩䚹䛣䜜䜒䝻䝞䞊䝖䞉䝰䝸䝇䛺䛹䛜◊✲䛧䛯䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜎䛩䚹䝢䝷䝭䝑䝗䛾ୖ䛛䜙ᑐ㠃䛻䛒䜛ᑎ㝔ᘓ⠏䜢ぢ䜎䛩䛸䚸୰ኸ䛾ᘓ≀䛾┿ᚋ䜝䛛䜙᫓ศ䛸⛅ศ䛾᪥䛻᪥䛾ฟ䛜ぢ䜙䜜䜎䛩䚹ᕥྑ

䛾⚄Ẋ䛾ᚋ䜝䛛䜙䛿෤⮳䛸ኟ⮳䛻᪥䛾ฟ䛜䜏䜙䜜䜛䛸䛔䛖ᵓ㐀䜢ᣢ䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛣䛖䛔䛖䜒䛾䛿䚸ୡ⏺

୰䛻䛯䛟䛥䜣䛒䜚䚸䜰䞊䝇䞉䝽䞊䜽䛾䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛯䛱䛾ከ䛟䛜䝸䝃䞊䝏䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䝘䞁䝅䞊䞉䝩䝹䝖䛸䛔䛖䜰䝯䝸䜹䛾సᐙ䛿䚸ኟ⮳䛸

෤⮳䛾᪥䛾ฟ䞉᪥䛾ධ䜚䛜䚸஧䛴䛾䝁䞁䜽䝸䞊䝖䝟䜲䝥䜢㏻䛧䛶୰ኸ䛻⌧䜜䜛䛸䛔䛖䜘䛖䛺䚸ኳయ䛾㐠⾜䜢

ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜䛯సရ䜢䝙䝳䞊䝯䜻䝅䝁䛻స䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䝏䝱䞊䝹䝈䞉䝻䝇䜒䚸䝙䝳䞊䝯䜻䝅䝁䛷ά㌍䛧䛶䛔䜛సᐙ䛷䛩䛡䜜䛹䜒䚸ᙼ䛿1993ᖺ䛠䜙䛔䛛䜙䚸䛪䛳䛸సရ䜢స䜚⥆䛡䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹ᅵᮌᕤ஦䛸ゝ䛘䜛సᴗ䛷䛩䛜䚸䛭䛾୰䛷ᵝ䚻䛺ኳయ䛾㐠⾜䛾ほ䜢 ᇶ┙䛸䛧䛯సရ䜢Ⓨ⾲䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

ᅗ4㻌䝽䝅䝱䜽䝖䞁䛾㑇㊧

ᅗ2㻌䛀䝰䜶䝺ᒣ䛁䝰䜶䝺἟බᅬ 䠄䜲䝃䝮䞉䝜䜾䝏タィ䠅

ᅗ3㻌䛀Observatory䛁

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䝻䞊䝷䞁䝗䞉䝞䝷䝕䜱䞊䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸ṧᛕ䛷䛩䛡䜜䛹䜒䚸䛣䜜䠄ᅗ5䠅୍䛴䛧䛛సရ䛜䛺䛔䛾䛷䛩䛜䚸⚾䛜䛸䛶䜒ዲ䛝䛺సရ䛷䚸䛂ኴ㝧䛾㇟ᚩ䛃䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹ᙼ䛿䚸䝢䝷䝭䝑䝗䛾◊✲䜢䛪䛔䜆䜣䜔䜚䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䜜䛿䠄ᅗ6䠅䚸1935ᖺ䛻䚸 അ↛䛻䜲䜼䝸䝇㌷䛾㣕⾜ᶵ䛜᫓ศ䛾᪥䛾ᮅ䛻㣕䜣䛰᫬

䛻᧜䛳䛯෗┿䛺䛾䛷䛩䛜䚸䝢䝷䝭䝑䝗䛾㝜䛾୰䛻䜟䛪䛛䛻

᫂䜛䛔୕ゅᙧ䛾㒊ศ䛜ᮾ㠃䛻ぢ䜙䜜䜎䛩䚹䛣䜜䛜୍ᖺ㛫䛻୍ᅇ䚸᫓ศ䛸⛅ศ䛾᪥䛻⌧䜜䜎䛩䚹௒䛿䜒䛖ぢ䛘䜎䛫䜣䚹䝻䞊䝷䞁䝗䞉䝞䝷䝕䜱䞊䛿䚸䛣䛾䝢䝷䝭䝑䝗䛾୍ᯛ䛾෗┿

䛛䜙䚸ኴ㝧ග䛻䜘䜚㝜ᙳ䜢స䜛䝔䜽䝙䝑䜽䜢◊✲䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹 ቨ㠃䛻኱ᑠᵝ䚻䛺䝤䝻䝑䜽䜢タ⨨䛧䛶䚸䛭䜜䛜䛒䜛ኴ㝧䛾఩⨨䛾ග䜢ཷ䛡䛶䚸⏕䜎䜜䜛ᙳ䛜䚸Ⅼᥥ⏬䛾䜘䛖䛻ቨ 㠃䛻ᾋ䛝ୖ䛜䜛䛸䛔䛖సရ䜢๰䜚䜎䛧䛯䚹

ᙼ䜙䛾䛣䛖䛔䛖άື䛜䚸ᖖ䛻䛛䛴䛶䛾㑇ᵓ䛾䝸䝃䞊䝏䛛䜙ጞ䜎䛳䛯䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛿䚸䛸䛶䜒⯆࿡῝䛔䛸ᛮ䛔䜎䛩䚹䜲䝃䝮䞉䝜䜾䝏䛿䚸≉䛻ኳయほ䜢䛧䛯ヂ䛷䛿䛒䜚䜎䛫䜣䚹䛷䜒䚸䜲䞁䝗䛾䝆䝱䜲䝥䞊䝹ኳᩥྎ䠄ᅗ 7䠅䛷䛩䛸䛛䚸䜲䞁䝗䝛䝅䜰䛷䛩䛸䛛䚸᪥ᮏ䛻䜒䛧䜀䛧䜀᮶䛶䛔䜎䛩䛡䜜䛹䜒䚸᪥ᮏ 䛾൲ᩍ䛻䛚䛡䜛Ᏹᐂほ䛷䛩䛸䛛䚸ᐇ㝿䛻ኳయほ䛰䛡䛷

⼃䜔᫓ኟ⛅෤䛾ᴟ䜏䜢☜ㄆ䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖సᴗ䚸䛭䛖䛔䛖䜒䛾䛜ᵝ䚻䛺㑇ᵓ䛻䛒䜛䛣䛸䛻⯆࿡䜢ぬ䛘䛯䛸䚸ᙼ䛾᪥グ䛾

୰䛻䛿᭩䛛䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺సᐙ䛾୰䛷䚸≉䛻௒ὀ┠䜢ᾎ䜃䛶䛔䜛䛾䛜䚸䝆䜵䞊䝮䝈䞉䝍䝺䝹䛷䛩䚹䝆䜵䞊䝮䝈䞉䝍䝺䝹䛿䚸䝙䝳䞊䝯䜻䝅䝁䛾䛂䝻䞊䝕䞁䞉䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛃䠄ᅗ 8䚸9䠅䛸䛔䛖䚸㠀ᖖ䛻኱䛝䛺ⅆཱྀ䜢㉎ධ䛧䜎䛧䛶䚸ఱ༑ᖺ䜒䚸䝏䝱䞊䝹䝈䞉䝻䝇䛸ྠ䛨䜘䛖䛺௙஦䜢⧞䜚ᗈ䛢䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛾ୖ㒊䜢䛝䜜䛔䛻ᩚᆅ䛧䛶䚸䝢䝷䝭䝑䝗䛾䝔䜽䝙䝑䜽䛻ぢ䜙䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻䚸䛣䛾୰䛻䛔䛟䛴䜒䛾䝖䞁䝛䝹䛸㒊ᒇ䜢స䛳䛶䚸᭶䛾᫂䛛䜚䚸ᜏᫍ䛾᫂䛛䜚䚸ኴ㝧䛾ග䜢䚸୙ᐃᮇ䜒䛧䛟䛿ᐃᮇⓗ䛻ᑟ䛝ධ䜜䚸䛭䜜䜙䛾

⌧㇟䜢సရ໬䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢⾜䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䝆䜵䞊䝮䝈䞉䝍䝺䝹䛿䚸ග䛾సᐙ䛸䛧䛶㠀ᖖ䛻᭷ྡ

䛷䚸᪥ᮏ䛻䜒 3 ᅇ⛬᮶䛶䚸ᒎぴ఍䜢䜔䛳䛯䛣䛸䛜䛒䜚䜎䛩䛧䚸ᖖタసရ䛜䚸௒⚾䛾▱䜛䛸䛣䜝䛷䛿 3 䛴䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹ᙼ䛿䚸䛂䜸䞊䝹䝗䞉䝉䞊䝷䝮䛃䛸䛔䛖ୡ⏺䛷᭱ྂ

ᅗ6㻌 ᫓ศ䛾᪥䛾༗๓୰䚸䝢䝷䝭䝑䝗ቨ㠃䛻 15⛊㛫䛰䛡⌧䜜䜛㝜ᙳ㻌 ⯟✵෗┿

ᅗ5㻌䛀ኴ㝧䛾㇟ᚩ䛁

ᅗ7㻌䜲䞁䝗䛾䝆䝱䜲䝥䞊䝹ኳᩥྎ

ᅗ8㻌䛀䝻䞊䝕䞁䞉䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛁

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䛾⾤䛾㊧䛷䛩䛸䛛䚸䛂䝬䜶䝇䞉䝩䜴䛃䛸䛔䛖ቡ቎䚸䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸䛂䝦䝻䝕䜱䜴䝮䛃䛸䛔䛖䚸䜲䝇䝷䜶䝹䛻䛒䜛㠀ᖖ䛻 ᕧ኱䛺ቡ቎䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸䛺䛬䛭䜜䛜෇⟄ᙧ䛷䛒䜛䛛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢䝸䝃䞊䝏䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䚸ᨷ䜑䛶᮶䜛ᩛ

䜢Ⓨぢ䛩䜛䛻┦ᛂ䛧䛔ᇛሰ䛾ᙧ≧䛿ྠ᫬䛻䚸ኳయ ほ䜢䛩䜛䛾䛻⌮᝿ⓗ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛻Ẽ䛜䛴䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹

䛥䜙䛻䚸䜰䝯䝸䜹䛾䝩䝢䞉䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䛜స䛳䛯䚸䛂ኴ 㝧ほ ᆅᖹ⥺䜹䝺䞁䝎䞊䛃䠄ᅗ 10䠅䛸ゝ䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛䜒䛾䛜䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹ఱ᭶ఱ᪥ఱ᫬䛻䛹䛣䛛䜙ኴ㝧䛜ฟ䛶䛟䜛䛛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢䚸༨䛔ᖌ䛜ཱྀ䛾ఏᢎ䛷Ꮚ䚻Ꮮ䚻䛻 ఏ䛘䛶䚸䛭䛧䛶ண 䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹ఱ᭶ఱ᪥䛻

᪥䛜ฟ䛯䜙✀䜢᳜䛘䜝䛸䛛䚸཰✭䛧䜝䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢䚸ኴ 㝧ほ䛜⫼ᬒ䛻䛒䛳䛶䚸ணゝ䜢⾜䛳䛯䛸䛔䛖䜘䛖䛺䛣䛸䛜᭩䛛䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䝏䝱䞁䜻䝻㑇㊧䠄ᅗ 11䠅䛿䚸ୣ䛾ୖ䛻ேᕤⓗ䛻พ ฝ䛾ᒣ䜢స䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹ᕥ䛛䜙ఱ␒┠䛛䜙᪥䛜᪼䛳䛯䜙䛣䜜䛿᫓ศ䛾᪥䛰䛸䛔䛖䜘䛖䛻䚸඲㒊䛜ṓ᫬グ䜢

⾲䛩䜒䛾䛸䛧䛶Ỵ䜑䜙䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䜎䛯䚸䛂ኴ㝧䛾๢䛃䠄ᅗ 12䠅䛿䚸䜰䝘䝃䝆䞉䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䛸䛔䛖䚸໭⡿䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䛷䛩䛜䚸᫓ศ䚸⛅ศ䚸 ኟ⮳䚸෤⮳䛾᫬䛻䚸䛯䛳䛯୕䛴䛾ᒾ䜢ቨ䛻❧䛶䛛䛡䛶䛒䜛䛰䛡䛺䛾䛷䛩䛡䛹䜒䚸䛭䛾㝽㛫䛛䜙ධ䛳䛶䛟䜛㝧䛾ᙜ䛯䜛ሙᡤ䛜䚸ቨ㠃ୖ䛻้䜎䜜䛶䛒䜛䝇䝟䜲䝷䝹ᶍᵝ䛾୧ഃ䛻䛟䜛䛾䛛┿䜣୰䛻䛟䜛䛾䛛䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸䛭䛾Ꮨ⠇䛾ኚ䜟䜚┠䜢⾲䛧䜎䛩䚹

䜎䛯䚸䝽䜲䜸䝭䞁䜾䛾䛂䝯䝗䝇䞁䞉䝩䜲䞊䝹䛃䠄ᅗ13䠅䛸

࿧䜀䜜䛶䛔䜛ሙᡤ䛷䛿䚸┤ᚄ30䝯䞊䝖䝹䜒䛺䛔ᆅ㠃䛻▼䛜୪䜉䛶䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹୰ኸ䛾▼䛸≉ᐃ䛾▼䜢⤖䜣䛰ᘏ㛗⥺ୖ䛾ᆅᖹ䛛䜙䚸౛䛘䜀䚸䜰䝹䝕䝞䝷䞁䛸䛔䛖

ᫍ䛜ฟ䛯ᚋ䛛䜙᪥䛾ฟ䛜䛒䜛ሙྜ䚸䛣䜜䜢䛂క᪥ฟ䛃䛸䛔䛖䛾䛷䛩䛡䜜䛹䚸䛭䛾᪥䛿ኟ⮳䛷䛒䜛䛸䚸䛭䛾䜘䛖䛺㛗䛔㛫䛾ほ䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸ᵝ䚻䛺䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛭䛾䜘䛖䛺㑇ᵓ䛻䛚䛡䜛ኳయ䛾ほ䛻䝍䝺䝹䛿䛸䛶䜒ᙳ㡪䜢ཷ䛡䜎䛧䛯䚹ᆅᖹ⥺䛷䛾ほ ᪉ἲ䛸䛛䚸᪥ἐ䛾఩⨨䚸క᪥ฟ䛸ኳ㡬㏻㐣䛾ほ䛺䛹䛜䚸

ᅗ10㻌䛀䝩䝢ኴ㝧ほ ᆅᖹ⥺䜹䝺䞁䝎䞊䛁

ᅗ11㻌䝏䝱䞁䜻䝻㻌2003ᖺ䛾ኟ⮳䛾᪥䛾ฟ ᅗ9㻌䛀䝻䞊䝕䞁䞉䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛁䝥䝷䝄

ᅗ12㻌䛀ኴ㝧䛾๢䛁㻌 ᫓ศ䚸⛅ศ䛾᪥䛾ṇ༗

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ᙼ䛾సရ✵㛫䜢ᵓᡂ䛩䜛䝠䞁䝖䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䛛䛴䛶䚸䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䛿ᫍ䜢ぢ䜛᐀ᩍ䛜䛒䛳䛯䛸䚸䝍䝺䝹䛿グ䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹ᙼ䛿ᩗ⹥䛺䜽䝸䝇䝏䝱䞁䛺䛾䛷䚸ᙼ⮬

㌟䜒ᫍ䜢ぢ䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢⮬ศ䛾సရ䛾୰䛻⤌䜏ධ䜜䛯䛸

⪃䛘䜙䜜䜎䛩䚹୍␒ึ䜑䛾సရ䛜䚸䛂䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛾║䛃䛸䛔䛖సရ䛷䛩䚹䛯䛰ኳ஭䛻኱䛝䛺✰䛜✸䛯䜜䛶䛔䜛䛰䛡䛷䛩䚹䛣䛾ᡭἲ䛿䚸䝻䞊䝬䛾䝟䞁䝔䜱䜸䞁䛺䛹䛻䜒䜏䜙䜜䜛䜒䛾䛷䚸䝠䝳䞊䝇䝖䞁኱Ꮫ䛾䝆䝵䞁䞉䝷䜲䞁䝝䞊䝖䜙䛜䚸䛣䛾䜰䜲䝕䜰䛿䝍䝺䝹䛻᫂䜙䛛䛺ᙳ㡪䜢୚䛘䛶䛔䜛䛾䛰䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢᭩䛔䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹௒䜎䛷䛚ヰ䛧䛶䛝䛯䜘䛖䛺௙᥃䛡䛜䚸

኱䛝䛺ⅆཱྀ䛾ୖ䛷䛩䛸䛛䚸ෆ㒊䛻⤌䜏㎸䜎䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

≉䛻ⓙ䛥䜣䛻⤂௓䛧䛯䛔䛾䛿䚸䛂ኴ㝧䛸᭶䛾㒊ᒇ䛃䛸䛔䛖సရ䠄ᅗ 14䠅䛷䛩䚹䛣䛾㒊ᒇ䛻䛿䚸䛯䛰⾪❧䛜䛒䜛䛰䛡䛺䛾䛷䛩䛜䚸8.85 ᖺ䛻୍

ᗘ䛰䛳䛯䛷䛧䜗䛖䛛䚸᭶䛾ᫎീ䛸ኴ㝧䛾ᫎീ䛜䛣䛣䛻ᫎ䜚㎸䜐䛸䛔䛖௙᥃䛡䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䜘䛖䛷䛩䚹኱䛝䛺䝻䞊䝕䞁䞉䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛾䚸䛭䛾ᮾ䛸す䛾஧䛛ᡤ䛻✰䛜✸䛯䜜䛶䛒䛳䛶䚸⣽䛔䝖䞁䝛䝹䛜䛣䛣䜎䛷䛴䛺䛜䛳䛶䛔䜛䛾䛷䛩䚹ᕥྑ䛛䜙䛾

᪥䛾ฟ䛸᭶䛾ධ䜚䛾ග䛜஺ᕪ䛩䜛䛸䛣䜝䜢䚸䝻䞊䝕䞁䞉䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛾䝽䞁䝫䜲䞁䝖䛸䛧䛶స䜙䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛩䛷䛻䚸䝍䝺䝹䛿㛗䛔㛫䛾ປാ䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸⓶⭵䛜䜣䛻䛚䛛䛥䜜䛶䚸సᴗ䛜䛷䛝䛺䛔

≧ែ䛻䛒䜛䜘䛖䛷䛩䚹䛣䛾సရ䛿୍⯡䛻䛿බ㛤䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛫䜣䛡䜜䛹䜒䚸ఱே䛛䛾ᑓ㛛ᐙ䛜䛣䛣䜢ゼ䜜䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸኱䛝䛺ឤື䜢ᚓ䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹⚾䜒䛬䜂୍ᗘゼၥ䛧䛶䜏䛯䛔䛸ᛮ䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䛣䜜䠄⾲ 1䠅䛜䝍䝺䝹䛾䝸䝃䞊䝏䛧䛯ୡ⏺䛾㑇ᵓ䛾䝸䝇䝖䛷䛩䚹┦ᙜ䛺◊✲䜢䛧䛶䚸ᙼ䛾ᵓ㐀≀䛾୰

䛻䚸〄║ኳᩥྎ䛸ゝ䛘䜛䜘䛖䛺ኳయほ䛾䝜䜴䝝䜴䜢⤌䜏㎸䜣䛷䛔䜛䜟䛡䛷䛩䚹䛺䛬ᙼ䛜䛣䛾ᕧ኱⿦

⨨䛷సရ໬䛧䛯䛛䛸䛔䛖䛸䚸䛭䛣䛻䛿⛉Ꮫⓗ᥈✲ᚰ䛾㉳ᅉ䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䛂⏽ᛧ䛾ᛕ䛃䛸䛔䛘䜛䜒䛾䛜䛒䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜎䛩䚹⚾䛯䛱䛿ᮾி䛾ᫍ✵䜢ぢ䛶䜒䛺䛛䛺䛛ឤ䛨䜙䜜䜎䛫䜣䛡䜜䛹䜒䚹⚾䛜䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰䛷䝷䞁䝗䜽䝹䞊䝄䞊䜢౑䛳䛶ෆ㝣䜎䛷⾜䛳䛯᫬䛻䜃䛳䛟䜚䛧䛯䛾䛿䚸㜌䜘䜚䜒䚸ᐦᗘ䛾㧗䛔䚸ᫍ䚻䛻䜘䜛ኳ✵䛾ᵝ┦䛷䛩䚹䛣䛣䛛䜙䝅䝱䞊䝬䝙䝈䝮䛜⏕䜎䜜䛯䛾䛰䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢㠀ᖖ䛻ᙉ䛟ឤ䛨䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䛖䛔䛖䛂⏽ᛧ䛾ᛕ䛃䛸䛔䛖䜘䛖䛺䜒䛾䜢䚸䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻䛧䛶ලయ໬䛩䜛䛛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䚸䜎䛯䚸ග䛸䛾ྜ୍య㦂䛸䛔䛖䛾䛜㠀ᖖ䛻኱䛝䛔䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䛸䛔䛖䜅䛖䛻ᛮ䜟䜜䜎䛩䚹䛭䛾ព㆑䜢ぬ㓰䛩䜛ሙ䛜䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛾ෆ㒊䛾

✵㛫䛷䛒䜚䚸䛂Ᏹᐂ䛻㛤䛛䜜䛯䛃ⱁ⾡䛷䛒䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜎䛩䚹Ᏹᐂ✵㛫䛷⾜䛖䜘䛖䛺ⱁ⾡ⓗ⾜Ⅽ䛰䛡䛷䛿䛺䛟䚸Ᏹᐂ䛻㛤䛛䜜䛯䛸䛔䛖ព࿡䛷䚸⚾䛿䚸䝍䝺䝹䛾䝻䞊䝕䞁䞉䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛿⣲ᬕ䜙䛧䛔Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

ᅗ14㻌 ኴ㝧䛸᭶䛾㒊ᒇSun and Moon Space plan 1997 ᅗ13㻌䝯䝗䝇䞁䞉䝩䜲䞊䝹

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Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛾⫾ື㻌䠉㔜ຊ䛛䜙䛾ゎᨺ䠉㻌

䜰䞊䝇䞉䝽䞊䜽䛾సᐙ䛾⤂௓䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸ᮏᙜ䛻㥑䛡㊊䛷⾜䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹䛂Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛾⫾ື䛃䛸䛔䛖䜅䛖䛻⛠䛧䜎䛧䛶䚸䛣䛣䛛䜙䛿㔜ຊ䛛䜙䛾ゎᨺ䜢 20 ୡ⣖䛾㏵୰䛛䜙ከ䛟䛾䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛯䛱䛜ヨ䜏䛯

஦౛䜢䚸3䛴䛾㍈䛻ศ䛡䛶⤂௓䛧䜎䛩䚹

୍䛴䛿䜶䜰䞉䝆䜵䝑䝖䛸䝞䝹䞊䞁䚸䜒䛖୍䛴䛿䚸䝣䜷䝖䞉䝰䞁䝍䞊䝆䝳䚸䛭䜜䛛䜙䜒䛖୍䛴䛿䝬䜾䝛䝑䝖䛻䜘䜛సရ䛷䛩䚹䛣䛾ඛ䛻䚸䝟䝷䝪䝸䝑䜽䞉䝣䝷䜲䝖䛜䛴䛺䛜䛳䛶䛔䜛䜘䛖䛻ᛮ䜟䜜䜎䛩䚹

䜶䜰䞉䝆䜵䝑䝖䛸䝞䝹䞊䞁䛻㛵䛧䛶䛿䚸䝷䝈䝻䞉䝰䝩䝸-䝘䝆䛷䛩

䛸䛛䠄ᅗ 15䠅䚸䜲䞂䞉䜽䝷䜲䞁䛸䛔䛖సᐙ䛜䛔䜎䛩䛡䜜䛹䜒䚸䝞䝹

䞊䞁䜢౑䛳䛶ఱᅇ䜒㠃ⓑ䛔䛣䛸䜢䜔䜚䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸MIT 䛾 CAVS䠄Center for Advanced Visual Studies䠖㧗➼どぬ◊

✲ᡤ䠅䛾ᡤ㛗䜢䜔䛳䛶䛔䛯䜸䝑䝖䞊䞉䝢䞊䝛䜒䚸䝞䝹䞊䞁䞉䜰䞊䝖䜔ග䛾䜰䞊䝖䛷᭷ྡ䛺᪉䛷䛩䚹

⾲1㻌䝆䜵䞊䝮䝈䞉䝍䝺䝹䛜ᙳ㡪䜢ཷ䛡䛯ྂ௦䛾㑇㊧

㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅(2013)81㡫䚹

✀㢮 ᆅᇦ䚷㑇ᵓྡ

1෇ᙧቡ቎ 䐟䝙䝳䞊䜾䝺䞁䝆䚷䐠䝬䜶䝇䞉䝩䜴䐡䜹䝸䝣䜷䝹䝙䜰䛾䜺䝣䜲䝷䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䚸

䐢䝅䜶䝷䝬䝗䝺ᒣ⬦➃䛾䝏䝳䝬䝑䝅䝳䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䛾䝃䝟䜽䝅-Sapaksi䛂ኴ㝧䛾㒊 ᒇ䛃

䐣䝽䜲䜸䝭䞁䜾䚸䝽䝹䝢䛾䝩䝢䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䛻䜘䜛Bighorn Medicine Wheel—䝡䝑䜾䝩䞊䞁㨱㝖䛡䛾㍯䛸䜹䝺䞁䝎䞊䜻䞊䝟䞊

䐤䝘䝞䝩䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䛾䜻䝞䠄⪷ᡤ䠅

䐥䜰䝘䝃䝆䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䛾䛂ᒾ❍ఫᒃ䛃䝥䜶䝤䝻ᩥ໬䚹

䝙䝳䞊䝯䜻䝅䝁䜢୰ᚰ䛸䛩䜛䚸 Dᙧ䛾㑇㊧䝥䜶䝤䝻䝪䝙䞊䝖䛂⨾䛧䛔ᮧ䛃䛾ቨ㠃䛾❆

䛸ᑐ㠃䛾ቨ䛾䛟䜌䜏

䐦䜰䝘䝃䝆䛾“Sun Dagger-ኴ㝧䛾๢”

䐧䝁䝻䞁䝡䜰໭㒊㧗ᆅ䛾䝁䜼䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䐨䝬䝲䛾䝢䝷䝭䝑䝗

䐩䜶䝆䝥䝖䛾䝢䝷䝭䝑䝗

䐪䜶䝆䝥䝖䞉䜹䝹䝘䝑䜽䛾䜰䝮䞁䝺䛾೧኱䛺⚄Ẋ- Greate Temple of Amun Re at Karnak

䐫䜶䝆䝥䝖䞉䜰䝤䝅䞁䝧䝹⚄Ẋ 䐬䝪䝻䝤䝗䞊䝹

䐭䜰䞁䝁䞊䝹䝽䝑䝖䐮䝟䜺䞁䛾㑇㊧⩌

䐯18ୡ⣖䝆䝱䜲䝥䞊䝹䛾䝬䝝䝷䝆䝱䚸䐰䜰䞊䝭䝷䝹ኳᩥྎ䚸䜲䜼䝸䝇䚸୰ᅜ 䐱䝇䝖—䞁䝦䞁䝆

䐲䜹䝹䝘䜽䞡䝙䝳䞊䜾䝺䞁䝆䞢䝬䝏䝱䝢䝏䝳䞣䜸䞊䝹䝗䞉䝉䞊䝷䝮䞤䝦䝻䝕䜱䜴䝮 5

䜲䜼䝸䝇䚸䝇䝁䝑䝖䝷䞁䝗䛻ᒎ㛤䛩䜛❧▼䜢୰ᚰ 䛸䛩䜛ᵓ㐀≀

6ᇛሰ 2

໭䜰䝯䝸䜹䚸༡䜰䝯䝸䜹䛾䜲䞁䝕䜱䜰䞁䛻䜘䜛䜒䛾

3ᶒຊ⪅䛻䜘䜛኱つᶍ䛺㑇ᵓ

4ኳయほ䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛧䛯 ᙜ᫬䛾ኳᩥྎ

ᅗ15㻌Moholy-Nagy Floating Chisel

(17)

䛣䜜䛿䠄ᅗ 16䠅䜲䞂䞉䜽䝷䜲䞁䛜㣕䜣䛷䛔䜛෗┿䛷䛩䚹ᙼ䛿㔜 ຊ䛛䜙ゎᨺ䛥䜜䜛䚸ᐂ䜢㣕䜆䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢䜲䝯䞊䝆䛧ᮏᙜ䛻஧㝵䛛䜙㣕䜃㝆䜚䛶2䚸3ᅇ㦵ᢡ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䛭䜜䜢䝣䜷䝖䝰䞁䝍䞊䝆䝳䠄෗┿ྜᡂ䠅䛧䛯సရ䛷䛩䚹

ᙼ䛿䛂䜽䝷䜲䞁䞉䝤䝹䞊䛃䛸䛔䛖䚸䛸䛶䜒䛝䜜䛔䛺䜴䝹䝖䝷䝬䝸䞁䛾䝤䝹䞊䜢౑䛖஦䛷᭷ྡ䛺సᐙ䛷䜒䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹

䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸䝍䜻䝇䠄ᅗ17䠅䜔䝖䝬䝇䞉䝅䝱䝜䞁䛸䛔䛖సᐙ䛯䛱䛿䚸䝬䜾䝛䝑䝖䛾཯ຊ䜢౑䛳䛯సရ䜢స䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

⚾䛿ᙼ䜙䜢䛂Zero G Art䛃䛾➨୍ୡ௦䛸࿧䜣䛷䛔䛔䛾䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸⪃䛘䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹᫬௦䛿 20 ୡ⣖䛻ධ䜚䜎䛩䛜䚸䝟䝷䝪䝸䝑䜽䞉䝣䝷䜲䝖䜢䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛜౑䛘䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛶䛛䜙䚸ᩘከ䛟䛾ヨ䜏䛜䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䛾୰䛷䜒⚾䛜ᚰᡴ䛯䜜䜛䛾䛿䚸୰ᅜே䛾䝙䝳䞊䞉䝫䛸䛔䛖సᐙ䛷䛩䚹䛣䜜䛿䠄ᅗ18䠅䚸1993ᖺ䛷䛩䛽䚸᪥ᮏ 䛾㣕⾜ᶵ䜢౑䛳䛶䚸䝗䝸䝑䝢䞁䜾䞉䜰䞊䝖䜢⾜䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹࿴⣬䜢㣕

⾜ᶵ䛾୰䛻㈞䜚㎸䜣䛷䚸ᐇ᪋䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹ᙼ䛜䚸༑ᅇ䛻䜒‶䛯䛺䛔䝟䝷䝪䝸䝑䜽䞉䝣䝷䜲䝖䛾⤒㦂䛾୰䛷ゝ䛳䛶䛔䜛䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䛿䚸 ᅵ஭Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛾䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䛸㔜䛺䛳䛶䛔䜎䛧䛶䚸⯆࿡῝䛛䛳䛯䛷䛩䛽䚹䝙䝳䞊䞉䝫䛾䝁䝯䞁䝖䜢䛱䜗䛳䛸ㄞ䜣䛷䜏䜎䛩䚹

䛂✀䛾೺඲䛯䜛⏕࿨䛾ಖᏑ䛻䛸䛳䛶䚸⎔ቃ䛾ከᵝᛶ䚸≉䛻

ຎᝏ䛷୙Ᏻᐃ䛺⎔ቃ䛸䛔䛖䛾䛿ᚲせ䛺䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䚹䛧䛛䛧䚸 ᆅ⌫ୖ䛾ே㢮⎔ቃ䛸䛔䛖䛾䛿䚸Ᏻᐃ䛧䛶⏬୍ⓗ䛷䛒䜛䚹䛣䛖䛧䛯⎔ቃୗ䛻䛒䜛✀䛸䛔䛖䛾䛿䚸㏥໬⏒䛰䛧䛟䚸㏥໬䛧⤯⁛䛩䜛᫬䛜᮶䜛䛷䛒䜝䛖䚹ே㢮䛿䚸Ᏹᐂ✵㛫䛸䛔䛖༑ศ䛻ຎᝏ䛺

⎔ቃ䛷⦆៏䛻ᐃఫ䛧䛯ᚋ䚸୍✀᪂䛧䛔ᙧᘧ䜢䜒䛳䛶䚸㡹ᙉ䛻

Ⓨᒎ䛧䛶䛔䛟䛰䜝䛖䚹䛃

䛣䜜䛿䚸ᅵ஭Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛾䛂ᆅ⌫䛾እ䛛䜙ᆅ⌫䜢ぢ䜛䛣䛸䛺䛟䛧䛶䛿䚸ே㢮䛾Ⓨᒎ䚸೔⌮䚸᪂䛧䛔䛣䛸䜢䜔䜝䛖䛸䛩䜛ពḧ䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䛿䚸䜒䛿䜔⏕䜎䜜䛺䛔䛰䜝䛖䛃䛸䛔䛖䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䛻㔜䛺䜛䛸 ឤ䛨䚸㠀ᖖ䛻ឤື䛧䛯䜟䛡䛷䛩䚹䛣䛖䛔䛖㗦ᩄ䛺䝉䞁䝇䜢ᣢ䛳䛯䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛜䛔䜛䛣䛸䛷䚸䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛜Ꮡᅾ䛩䜛ព࿡䛜䛒䜛䛾䛰䛺䛸䚸ᙉ䛟ᛮ䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹

ྠ䛨 1993 ᖺ䛻䚸䜰䝯䝸䜹䛾䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛾䜰䞊䝃䞊䞉䜴䝑䝈䛜䚸䝻䝅䜰䛾Ᏹᐂ䝇䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷ึ䜑䛶᙮้䜢ᾋ䛛䛫䚸䝟䝣䜷䞊䝬䞁䝇䛸㔜䛽䛶䚸ᒎ♧䜢䛧䜎䛧䛯䠄ᅗ19䠅䚹௚䛻䜒䚸䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟䛾䛂䝻䝅䜰䞁䞉䝣䝷䜲䝖䛃䛸䛔䛖䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛜䛒䜚䜎䛧䛯䚹1997 ᖺ䛛䜙 2003 ᖺ䛠䜙䛔䜎䛷䚸䝻䝅䜰䛾኱䛝䛺䜰䞁䝖䝜䝣䛸䛔䛖㣕⾜ᶵ䜢౑

ᅗ䠍6㻌 ✵୰ᾋ㐟䜢ᐇ᪋䛩䜛䜽䝷䜲䞁㻌 1960

ᅗ17㻌䛀728 The Brain䛁

ᅗ18㻌䛀Ᏹᐂ䜰䝖䝸䜶㻌1993䛁

(18)

䛳䛶䚸䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛯䛱䛜䝟䝷䝪䝸䝑䜽䞉䝣䝷䜲䝖䛾䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛻ཧຍ䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䜜䜢୺ദ䛧䛯䛾䛜䝻䞁䝗䞁䛾䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇䛸䜰䞊䝖䛾◊✲ᶵ㛵䛷䛒䜛䛂䜰䞊䝒䞉䜹䝍䝸䝇䝖䠄Arts Catalyst䠅䛃䛸䛔䛖◊✲䜾䝹䞊䝥¹⁵䛷䛩䚹䝣䝷䞁䝇ே䛾䝎䞁䝃䞊䛷䚸䝁䝸䜸䜾䝷䝣䜯䞊䠄᣺௜ᖌ䠅䛷䜒䛒䜛䜻䝑䝒䞉䝕䝳䝪䜰䠄Kitsou Dubois䠅䛿䚸༑ᩘᅇ䛾䝟䝷䝪䝸䝑䜽䞉䝣䝷䜲䝖䜢㏻䛧䛶䚸Ꮫ఩ㄽᩥ䜢᭩䛔䛶䛔䜎䛩䛧䚸Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛻ᑐ 䛩䜛䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛾᪉ἲ䛾ᥦ᱌䜒䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䝢䜶䞊䝹䞉䝁䞁䝔䠄Pierre Comte䠅䛸䛔䛖䝣䝷䞁䝇䛾䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛿䚸䛂PRISMA䠄䝥䝸䝈䝬䠅䛃䛸䛔䛖䚸↓㔜ຊ✵㛫䛾୰䛷ከᵝ䛻

ື䛟㐀ᙧసရ䜢స䜚䜎䛧䛯䠄ᅗ 20䠅䚹䛣䜜䛿ከศ䚸ESA 䠄European Space Agency䠖ḢᕞᏱᐂᶵ㛵䠅䛾Ᏹᐂ䝇䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾୰䛻ᖖタ䛾䛚䜒䛱䜓䛸䛧䛶⨨䛛䜜䛶䛔䜛䛸ᛮ䛔䜎䛩䚹

䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛿ᐇ㝿䛻ᕤᏛ⪅䜔䝃䜲䜶䞁䝔䜱䝇䝖䛸ඹྠ

䛧䛶䚸ᙜึᵝ䚻䛺ேᕤ⾨ᫍ䛾ᥦ᱌䜢⾜䛳䛶䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䛣䛻䚸⚾⮬㌟䛿䚸୍䛴䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜䛒䜛䛾䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸⪃䛘䛶䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹䛯䛸䛘䜀㠀ᖖ䛻኱䛝䛺⾨ᫍ䜢ᡴ䛱ୖ䛢䛶䚸䛱䜗䛖䛹᪥ἐ䛾᫬䛻䛔䛟䛴䛛䛾ග䛸䛧䛶䜏䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䛸䛔䛖䜘䛖䛺ྍど໬䛷䛝䜛䜒䛾䚸䛴䜎䜚䚸⮬ศ䛾సရ䛸䛧䛶䛾⾨

ᫍ䛾ᥦ᱌䜢䛔䛟䛴䛛⾜䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䠄ᅗ21䠅䚹

᫬௦䜢㉸䛘䛶䚸ྂ௦䛾ே䚻䜔䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛜Ᏹᐂ䜈䛾

║ᕪ䛧䜢⤯䜔䛥䛪䚸௒䚸⚾䛯䛱䛜ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛷䛔䜛Ᏹᐂⱁ

⾡䛾₻ὶ䜢⏕䜣䛷䛝䛯䛾䛰䛸ᙉ䛟ឤ䛨䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

ᅗ19㻌䛀Cosmic Dance㻌䜰䞊䝃䞊䞉䜴䝑䝈㻌䝭䞊䝹Ᏹᐂ⯪㻌1993䛁

ᅗ20㻌䛀PRISMA䛁-1㻌 ᙎ㐨㣕⾜㻌 Pierre Comte㻌2001

ᅗ21㻌䛀ours-vertical䛁㻌〄║ど䛷䛝䜛

⾨ᫍ䝥䝷䞁㻌1986䡚1992

(19)

ᐇ㦂ⓗどⅬ䠖᪥ᮏ䛾Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡ᐇ㦂㻌

௒䛛䜙䛿䚸⚾䛜ᐇ㝿䛻ᐇ㦂ⓗ䛻㛵䜟䛳䛯䚸JAXA䛸䛾䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛾䛤ሗ࿌䜢䛧䛯䛔䛸ᛮ䛔䜎䛩䚹䛣䛾䛂ᩥ໬䞉ேᩥ♫఍⛉Ꮫ฼⏝䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛃䛷䛿䚸㔝ᮧோ ¹⁶䛥䜣䛸ᯇ஭⣸ᮁ ¹⁷䛥䜣䛸䛔䛖䚸⚾䛜 ᑛᩗ䛩䜛஧ே䛾䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛸䛸䜒䛻㑅䜀䜜䚸䛣䛣䛻ཧ⏬䛷䛝䛯䛣䛸䛿䚸㠀ᖖ䛻኱䛝䛺䛣䛸䛷䛧䛯䚹Ᏹᐂ 㣕⾜ኈ䛸䜒ᵝ䚻䛺䝕䜱䝇䜹䝑䝅䝵䞁䛧䛺䛜䜙䚸䛂Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛ⱁ⾡䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䛻䛿䛹䛖䛔䛖ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜䛒䜛䛛䛃䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢ၥ䛔⥆䛡䛶䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹⚾䛜௒䜎䛷㛵䜟䛳䛶䛝䛯సရไస䜔䚸◊✲䛾ᘏ㛗⥺ୖ䛻䛂ග䛃䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䛜䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹Ᏹᐂ✵㛫䛾୰䛷䛿䚸䛭䛾ග䛻ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜䛒䜛䛾䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸ឤ䛨䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䜒䛖୍䛴䛿䛂Ỉ䛃䛷䛧䛯䚹Ỉ䛿⏕࿨Ⓨ⏕䛻㔜せ䛺ẕయ䛷䛒䜛䛸ゝ䛘䜎䛩䚹1953 ᖺ䛻䝅䜹䝂኱Ꮫ䛷䝴䞊䝸䞊䛸䝭䝷䞊䛸䛔䛖໬Ꮫ⪅䛜䚸㠀ᖖ䛻᭷ྡ䛺ᐇ㦂䜢䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䜜䛿䛂ኴྂ䛾ᆅ⌫኱Ẽ䛃䛸᝿ᐃ䛥䜜䛯䚸䝯䝍䞁䜢୰ᚰ䛻䛧䛯䜺䝇䜢䝣䝷䝇䝁䛾୰䛻ධ䜜䛶䚸㛗᫬㛫ᨺ㟁䛩䜛ᐇ㦂䛷䛩䚹䛭䛾ᚋ䚸䛭䛾䝣䝷䝇䝁䛾ୗ䛾䜋䛖䛻㯮䛔䜒䛾䛜ỿẊ䛧䛶䚸䛭䜜䜢ㄪ䜉䜛䛸䚸䜰䝭䝜

㓟䛜䛷䛝䛶䛔䛯䛾䛷䛩䚹↓ᶵ䜺䝇䛛䜙᭷ᶵ≀䠄䜰䝭䝜㓟䠅䛜

⏕䜎䜜䛯䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛷䚸ᆅ⌫⏕࿨Ⓨ⏕䛾᭷ຊ䛺ᡭ᥃䛛䜚䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䛸䛔䛖ᐇ㦂䚸䛭䛣䛻䛿⣸እ⥺䜔ග䛜㠀ᖖ䛻኱䛝䛺ᙺ๭䜢ᢸ䛳䛶䛔䛯䛾䛷䛩䚹

䛂Ỉ䛃䛸䛂ග䛃䜢↓㔜ຊ✵㛫䛾୰䛷䚸సရ䛻䛴䛺䛢䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䜙䚸䛸䛔䛖ヨ䜏䜢⾜䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹䝺䝆䝳䝯䛻䛿䚸⣽䛛䛔䛣䛸䜢᭩䛔䛶䛚䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹

↓㔜ຊ䛻䛺䜛䛸Ỉ䛿⌫య䛻䛺䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䛛䜙䚸䛭䛣䛻Ⰽ ቚ䜢ຍ䛘䛶䚸䜾䝺䝂䝸䞊䞉䝅䝱䝭䝖䝣Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛻ᑡ䛧᧠ᢾ䛧䛶䜒䜙䛔䚸䛒䛸䛿⮬↛䛾ὶ䜜䛻䜎䛛䛫䜛䛂⌫య䛾ቚὶ䛧⤮⏬䛃䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䜢స䛳䛶䜒䜙䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䛣䛻༙⌫≧䛾࿴⣬䜢䛛䜆䛫䛶䚸⾲㠃䛻䛒䜛ቚ䛾䝟䝍䞊䞁䜢྾䛔ྲྀ䜚䚸ᆅ⌫䛻ᣢ䛱 ᖐ䛳䛶䛟䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢⾜䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䜜䛜᝿ീ௨ୖ䛻䛖䜎䛟䛔䛝䜎䛧䛯䛾䛷䚸ḟ䛻䛴䛺䛜䛳䛯䛾䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸ᛮ䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䠄ᅗ22䚸23䚸24䠅䚹㻌㻌㻌㻌

ḟ䛻ヨ䜏䛯䛾䛿䚸↓㔜ຊ䛾୰䛷ᾏỈ䛻䜴䝭䝩䝍䝹䜢஝⇱

䛥䛫䛯⢊䜢ຍ䛘䚸Ⓨග䛥䛫䜛䛸䛔䛖ᐇ㦂䛷䛩䚹㻌㻌

䛣䜜䠄ᅗ 25 ᕥ䠅䛿ྂᕝ⪽୍Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛻䜔䛳䛶䛔䛯䛰䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹䜎䛪䝇䝔䞁䝺䝇䛷㍯䜢స䛳䛶䚸䛭䛣䛻䚸Ỉ䛜㏨䛢䛺䛔䜘䛖䛻ຍ䛘䛺䛜䜙䚸Ỉ⌫䜢స䜚䜎䛩䚹ᫎീ䛜ぢ䛻䛟䛔䛾䛷䛩䛜䚸⯪ෆ䜢ᬯ䛟䛧䛶䚸ᑠ䛥䛺㓺Ἔᕪ䛧䛛䜙䜴䝭䝩䝍䝹䛾

஝⇱⢊ᮎ䜢Ỉ⌫䜈ὀධ䛧䜎䛩䚹෗┿䛻䛒䜛䜘䛖䛺䚸Ⓨග䛩䜛↓ᩘ䛾㟷䛔ග䛾Ⅼ䛜ᗈ䛜䜛䝟䝍䞊䞁䛜⌧䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹

ᅗ22㻌 ቚὶ䛧Ỉ⌫⤮⏬-Ϩ ᕥ䠖⏺㠃άᛶ๣+ቚ+䝬䜲䜹⢊

ྑ䠖㉥+⥳+㯤䛾Ⰽቚ

ᅗ24 ᆅୖ䛻ᣢ䛱ᖐ䜙䜜䛯ቚὶ䛧 ᶍᵝ䛜௜╔䛧䛯࿴⣬

ᅗ23 ༙⌫≧䛾࿴⣬䛷 ቚὶ䛧ᶍᵝ䜢྾╔

(20)

ḟ䛾෗┿䠄ᅗ25ྑ䠅䛿䚸⺯ගሬᩱ䜢䛥䜙䛻ຍ䛘䛶䚸䝤䝷䝑䜽䞉䝷䜲䝖䠄⣸እ⥺ⅉ䠅䜢ᙜ䛶䛶Ⓨග䛥䛫䛶䛔䜛䜒䛾䛷䚸ᮌᫍ

䛾⾲㠃䛾䜘䛖䛺⾲᝟䛜⌧䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹஧ᅇ┠䛾ᐇ㦂䠄ᅗ 26䠅䛷䛿䚸⺯ගሬᩱ䛰䛡䜢ᚎ䚻䛻ຍ䛘䛶䝤䝷䝑䜽䞉䝷䜲䝖䜢ᙜ䛶䜎䛧䛯䚹௨๓䜔䛳䛯䛾䛿䜲䞁䜽䛷䛧䛯䛾䛷䚸ຍ䛘䜜䜀ຍ䛘䜛

⛬䚸ᬯ䛟䛺䜚䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䛱䜙䛿ග䛾୕ཎⰍ䛷䛩䛾䛷䚸ຍἲΰ Ⰽ ¹⁸䛸䛔䛳䛶䚸ຍ䛘䜜䜀ຍ䛘䜛⛬䚸Ⰽ䛜ⓑ䛟᫂䜛䛟䛺䜛≧ἣ 䛜⌧䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹㻌

䜒䛖୍䛴䜔䛳䛯ᐇ㦂䠄ᅗ 27䠅䛿䚸ⱝ⏣ග୍Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛻䜔䛳䛶䛔䛯䛰䛔䛯䛂䝇䝟䜲䝷䝹䝖䝑䝥䛃䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹↓㔜 ຊ⎔ቃ䛾୰䛷䛿䚸䝨䞁䝏䛾ᙧែ䜢ᅇ㌿䛥䛫䜛䛸Ọ㐲䛻཯

㌿䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖䜘䛖䛺⌧㇟䛜㉳䛣䜚䜎䛩䚹㐠ື䜢ゎᯒ䛧䛶䚸཯

㌿䛩䜛䜘䛖䛺㐀ᙧ≀䜢స䜚䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䛾㐀ᙧ≀䛾䜰䞊䝮䛻 LED 䜢௜䛡䛶䚸ᅇ㌿䛥䛫䚸෗┿

䛻᧜䛳䛶䛔䛯䛰䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹

䛣䜜䜢ぢ䛶䛔䛯䛰䛟䛸䚸Ᏹᐂ✵

㛫䛜䚸௒䜎䛷䛾✵㛫ᴫᛕ䜢ᣑᙇ 䛩䜛ሙ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜䚸䜘䛟䛚䜟䛛䜚䛔䛯䛰䛡䜛䛸ᛮ䛔䜎䛩䚹

஧␒┠䠄ᅗ 28䠅䛻䜔䛳䛶䛔䛯䛰䛔䛯䛾䛜䚸䝛䝇䝫䝸䞉䝟䜸䝻䛸䜻䝱䝃䝸䞁䞉䝁䞊䝹䝬䞁Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ 䛻䜘䜛ᐇ㦂䛷䛧䛯䚹䛣䛾᫬䛻䚸ග 䝣䜯䜲䝞䞊䜢䜰䞊䝮䛻௜䛡ຍ䛘䚸

⥺䛸Ⅼ䛾ග※䛻䜘䜚䚸✵㛫䛻ග 䛾ᖏ䛾䜘䛖䛺㠃䛾㌶㊧䜢䛴䛟䜛ヨ䜏䜢⾜䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹᫬㛫䛜䛺䛔䛾䛷୍䛴䛰䛡䛤⤂௓䛥䛫䛶䛔䛯䛰䛝䜎䛩䚹䛣䜜䜙䛿ᑡ䛧ᫎീฎ⌮䜢䛧䛯䜒䛾䛷䛩䛡䜜䛹䜒䚸✵㛫䛻ṧ 䜛ṧീ䛾ᙧ䛜䜘䛟ศ䛛䜚䜎䛩䚹

ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛧䛯Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡㻌

௒䜎䛷㥑䛡㊊䛷䛚ヰ䛧䛧䛶䛝䜎䛧䛯䛜䚸⚾䛾Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡ほ䛾⫼ᬒ䛻䛿䚸ྂ௦䛾ே䚻䛾Ᏹᐂ䜈䛾║

ᕪ䛧䚸䛭䜜䛜ከ䛟䛾䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛻䜘䛳䛶⥅ᢎ䛥䜜䛶䛝䛯஦ᐇ䛜䛒䜛䛸ᙉ䛟ឤ䛨䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹 ᅗ26㻌 ቚὶ䛧Ỉ⌫⤮⏬-ϩ㻌

”⏕࿨䚸ග䚸ᾏ”㻌 ᐇ㦂-3

ᅗ27㻌Spiral Top-Ϩ

ୖ䛛䜙ᐇ㦂-1䚸-4䚸-6

ᅗ28㻌Spiral Top-ϩAurora Oval

ୖ䛛䜙ᐇ㦂-3䚸-5䚸-6 ᅗ25㻌 ቚὶ䛧Ỉ⌫⤮⏬-ϩ㻌

”⏕࿨䚸ග䚸ᾏ”㻌 ᐇ㦂-2

(21)

ᑎ⏣ᐥᙪඛ⏕䛜䚸᫛࿴8ᖺ䚸䛄ᩥᏥ䛅䛸䛔䛖ᮏ䛷䚸䛄⚄ヰ䛸ᆅ⌫≀⌮Ꮫ䛅䛸䛔䛖ⴭ᭩䜢⥛䜙䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛭䛣䛷ㄒ䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜䚸䛂ᡃ㑥䛾⚄ヰ䛸䛔䛖䛾䛿䚸ᆅ⌫≀⌮Ꮫⓗ䛻ぢ䛶䜒䚸䛛䛺䜚䜎䛷䚸ᡃ㑥䛻┦

ᛂ䛧䛔┿ᐇ䜢ྵ䜣䛰䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䛃䛸䛔䛖䜅䛖䛻㏙䜉䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹⚄ヰ䛸≀⌮Ꮫ䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䛻䚸୍䛴䛾䛴䛺䛜䜚䛜䛒䜛䛸䛔䛖䜘䛖䛻⌮ゎ䛷䛝䜎䛩䚹䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸ụෆ஢ඛ⏕䛜䚸䛂ୡ⏺䛾ጞ䜎䜚䛿ග䛷䛒䜛䛃䚸䛂䝡䝑䜾䞉䝞䞁䛿20ୡ⣖᭱኱䛾Ⓨぢ䛰䛃䛸䛚䛳䛧䜓䜙䜜䛶䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺䛣䛸䛛䜙䚸䛂Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䛃᰿ᣐ䛜䛒䜛䛾䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸ᛮ䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

2005ᖺ8᭶5 ᪥䛻䚸ᮾி⸤⾡኱Ꮫ䛷䚸㔝ཱྀ⪽୍Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛾ሗ࿌఍䛜䛒䜚䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䛣䛷⚾䛿㠀ᖖ䛻䜃䛳䛟䜚䛧䜎䛧䛯䛜䚸㔝ཱྀ䛥䜣䛜㛤୍ཱྀ␒䛻䚸䛂䜒䛧Ᏹᐂ䛷ⱁ⾡䛜䛒䜛䛸䛧䛯䜙䚸䛭䜜䛿ග䛷䛩䛃䛸䛚䛳䛧䜓䛳䛯䛾䛷䛩䚹ᐇ㝿䛻Ᏹᐂ䛻⾜䛛䜜䛯Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛜ᐇឤ䛸䛧䛶䛭䛖䛔䛖䜘䛖䛺䛣䛸䜢ឤ䛨䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹㔝ཱྀ䛥䜣⮬㌟䛿ⴭ᭩䛾୰䛷䚸䛂⮬ศ䛿䜺䝏䜺䝏㢌䛾ᢏ⾡⪅䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䛶䛔䛯䛡䜜䛹䜒䚸Ᏹ ᐂ䛻⾜䛳䛶ᆅ⌫䜢═䜑䜛䛸䚸ᮅ䛛䜙ᬌ䜎䛷䚸⮬ศ䛿䛹䛖䛧䛶䛣䛣䛻䛔䜛䛾䛛䛸䛔䛖䚸ဴᏛⓗ䛺ᛮ⪃䜀䛛䜚䛧䛶䛔䛯䛃䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢᭩䛛䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹㻌㻌㻌㻌

⤖ㄽ㻌

䜒䛧Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛻୺㢟䛜䛒䜛䛸䛩䜜䜀䚸䛭䜜䛿4䛴䛒䜛䛸ᛮ䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

୍䛴䛿䚸ኳయ䛾㐠⾜䜢ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜䜛䛣䛸䛷ᆅ⌫䛸Ᏹᐂ䛾ኊ኱䛥䜢♧䛩䜒䛾䚹䛭䜜䛛䜙䚸᫬✵㛫䜢㉸䛘䛶䚸Ᏹᐂ䛸⏕࿨䛾Ⓨ⏕䛸㐍໬䜢ᥦ♧䛩䜛䜒䛾䚹䛭䛧䛶䚸↓㔜ຊ⎔ቃ䛾どぬ໬䛻䜘䛳䛶᪂䛯䛺ឤぬ䜔 ᴫᛕ䜢ᥦ♧䛩䜛䜒䛾䚹᭦䛻䚸ேᩥ䞉♫఍⛉Ꮫ䛸⮬↛⛉Ꮫ䛾㡿ᇦ䜢㉸䛘䛯⥲ྜ⛉Ꮫⱁ⾡䛸䛔䛳䛯䜙䛔䛔䛾䛷䛧䜗䛖䛛䚸䛣䛾4䛴䛜Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛾䝔䞊䝬䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸ᛮ䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

䛴䛔䛣䛾㛫䚸2014ᖺ1᭶6᪥䛻䚸Ᏹᐂ䝇䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾୰䛷ⱝ⏣ග୍Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛻䝇䝟䜲䝷䝹䝖䝑䝥䛷㐟䜣䛷䛔䛯䛰䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䜜䜢䝒䜲䝑䝍䞊㓄

ಙ䛧䛶䛔䛯䛰䛔䛯䛸䛝䛾෗┿䠄ᅗ29䠅䜢⤂௓䛧䜎䛩䚹

ヰ䜢ᡠ䛧䜎䛩䛜⚾䛾Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡ほ䛿䚸ᆅୖ䛻䛚䛡䜛⪃䛘᪉䛷䛩䚹ᆅୖ䛻㊊䜢ୗ䜝䛧䛯ୖ䛷䛾

⪃䛘䛷䛩䛾䛷䚸䛂Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛸௒ゝ䛳䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛿䚸䛯䜆䜣Ᏹᐂ⏕ά⪅䛻䛸䛳䛶䛿䚸䛂ⱁ⾡䛃䛸࿧

䜀䜜䜛䜒䛾䛻䛺䜛䛾䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸⪃䛘䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

ㄢ㢟䛸ᒎᮃ㻌

ㄢ㢟䛸ᒎᮃ䛜䛒䜛䛸䛩䜜䜀䚸ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸ᵝ䚻䛺◊✲⪅䜔䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛯䛱䛻ᮇᚅ䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䚹ከ䛟䛾Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛾᪉䛯䛱䛜ゝ䛳䛶䛔䜛䜘䛖䛻䚸リே䜔䜰䞊䝔䜱䝇䝖䛜䜒䛧ᆅ⌫እ䛛䜙ᆅ⌫䜢ぢ䜛䛣䛸䛜ྍ⬟䛻䛺䜜䜀䚸⚾䛯䛱䛾ୡ⏺ほ䜢Ⓨᒎ䛥䛫䜛୍䛴䛾♏䛻䛺䜛䛾 ᅗ29㻌 ⱝ⏣Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛜ᐇ᪋䛧䛯Spiral Top-ϩ

(22)

䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸䛚䛳䛧䜓䛳䛶䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹䛭䛾ᐇ⌧䛻䜘䜛どⅬ䜔ほᛕ䛾ᒎ㛤䛷䛩䚹

⡆༢䛷䛿䛒䜚䜎䛩䛜䚸᫬㛫䛻䛺䜚䜎䛧䛯䛾䛷䚸䛣䜜䜙䛾஦䜢ᮇᚅ䛧䛶⤊䜟䜚䛻⮴䛧䜎䛩䚹

᪥ẚ㇂䠖

㐂ᆏඛ⏕䛤⮬㌟䛷䛿䚸䝟䝷䝪䝸䝑䜽䞉䝣䝷䜲䝖䜢ఱᅇ䛛⾜䜟䜜䛯䛾䛷䛧䜗䛖䛛䚹

㐂ᆏ䠖

3ᅇ䚸⾜䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹

䝟䝷䝪䝸䝑䜽䞉䝣䝷䜲䝖䜢䜔䛳䛶䛛䜙䚸2䡚3 ᖺ䚸✵୰䛻ᾋ䛟ክ䜢䛪䛳䛸ぢ䛶䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹ᾋ㐟䛩䜛䛣䛸䛿

≉␗䛺⤒㦂䛰䛸᝿ീ䛧䛶䛔䜎䛧䛯䛜䚸඲䛟䛭䛖䛷䛿䛺䛟䛶䚸ᮏ᮶䛒䜛䜉䛝⎔ቃ䛰䛺䛸ᛮ䛔䜎䛧䛯䛽䚹

(23)

෗┿䞉ᅗฟ඾㻌

ᅗ1 䛀LUNAR PROJECT䛁㉺ᚋጔ᭷䜰䞊䝖䝖䝸䜶䞁䝘䞊䝺኱ᆅ䛾ⱁ⾡⚍2000䠄᧜ᙳ䠖Ᏻす㔜⏨䠅㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅(2013)142㡫 ᅗ2 ᅗ 2㻌䛀䝰䜶䝺ᒣ䛁䝰䜶䝺἟බᅬ㻌 ᰘᶫకኵ䛄ክぢ䜛ᑡᖺ㻌䜲䝃䝮䞉䝜䜾䝏䛅䠄ඹྠᩥ໬♫䚸2005

ᖺ䠅302㡫䚹

ᅗ3 䛀Observatory䛁㻌 GILLES A. TIBERGHIEN, LAND ART㻌 (ART DATA, 1995), P.81.

ᅗ4 䝽䝅䝱䜽䝖䞁䛾㑇㊧㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ

኱Ꮫ䛅(2013)42 㡫䚹䠄GILLES A. TIBERGHIEN, LAND ART (ART DATA, 1995), P.155.䠅

ᅗ5 䛀ኴ㝧䛾㇟ᚩ䛁㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅 (2013)47 㡫䚹䠄ᆏ᰿ᕑኵ䛄ග䛸䜲䝸䝳䞊䝆䝵䞁䛾ୡ⏺ᒎᅗ㘓䛅(ᮅ᪥᪂⪺♫䚸1982 ᖺ)73 㡫䚹㻌 Roland Baladi, “BAS-RELIEFS WITH SOLAR ILLUMINATION”, Leonardo, Vol.

13 (Pergamon Press, 1980) 䈊KINETIC ART: SPECIAL䈊䠅

ᅗ6 ᫓ศ䛾᪥䛾༗๓୰䚸䝢䝷䝭䝑䝗ቨ㠃䛻 15 ⛊㛫䛰䛡⌧䜜䜛㝜ᙳ㻌 ⯟✵෗┿㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢 ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅45㡫䚹䠄Roland Baladi,

“BAS-RELIEFS WITH SOLAR ILLUMINATION”, Leonardo, Vol. 13 (Pergamon Press, 1980) 䈊KINETIC ART: SPECIAL䈊䠅

ᅗ7 䜲䞁䝗䛾䝆䝱䜲䝥䞊䝹ኳᩥྎ㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽ

ᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅26㡫䚹䠄Alison de Lima Green, Isamu Noguchi A Sculpture for Sculpture (The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, 2006), p.22.䠅

ᅗ8 䛀䝻䞊䝕䞁䞉䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛁㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅51 㡫䚹䠄James Turrell Infinite Light (Scottsdale Museum of Contemporary Art, 2001)䠅

ᅗ9 䛀䝻䞊䝕䞁䞉䜽䝺䞊䝍䞊䛁䝥䝷䝄㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈ ㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅62㡫䚹䠄James Turrell Infinite Light (Scottsdale Museum of Contemporary Art, 2001)䠅

ᅗ10 䛀䝩䝢ኴ㝧ほ ᆅᖹ⥺䜹䝺䞁䝎䞊䛁㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈ ㄽᩥ 㻌 ⟃Ἴ ኱Ꮫ 䛅䠄2013䠅54 㡫䚹䠄䛄MAPPING SPACE䛅 A TOPOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE WORK by James Turrell, Peter Blum Edition1987 “Fort prints to the SKY” E䞉C, Krupp p.31䠅

ᅗ11 䝏䝱䞁䜻䝻㻌 2003 ᖺ䛾ኟ⮳䛾᪥䛾ฟ㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅75㡫䚹䠄Ivan Ghezzi㻌 http://www.academia.edu/224512/

Chankillo_A_2300-Year-Old_Solar_Observatory_in_Coastal_Peru(last visited 18 December, 2014)

ᅗ12 䛀ኴ㝧䛾๢䛁㻌 ᫓ศ䚸⛅ศ䛾᪥䛾ṇ༗㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃

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䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅74㡫䚹䠄http://www.lapahie.com/Chaco_Sun_Dagger.cfm (last visited 18 December, 2014)

ᅗ13 䝯䝗䝇䞁䞉䝩䜲䞊䝹㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱

Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅74 㡫䚹䠄䛄MAPPING SPACE䛅 A TOPOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE WORK by James Turrell, Peter Blum Edition1987 “Fort prints to the SKY” E䞉C, Krupp p.32䠅

ᅗ14 ኴ㝧䛸᭶䛾㒊ᒇSun and Moon Space plan 1997㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅64 㡫䚹䠄JAMES TURRELL the other horizon, p.172.)

ᅗ15 Moholy-Nagy Floating Chisel㻌㻌䈊㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅94㡫䚹䠄Vision in Motion, (1947).䠅

ᅗ16 ✵୰ᾋ㐟䜢ᐇ᪋䛩䜛䜽䝷䜲䞁㻌 1960㻌㻌䈊㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅96㡫䚹䠄Leap into The Void, © Yves Klein (1928-1962), Silver gelatin print 350x270mm© ADAGP, Paris and DACS, London 2002 Space Art䠅

ᅗ17 䛀728 The Brain䛁㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ ⟃Ἴ኱

Ꮫ 䛅䠄2013䠅98 㡫䚹䠄TAKIS㻌 http://static.digischool.nl/ckv2/bevo/beeldhouwkunst/

beweging/beweging.htm(last visited 19 December, 2014)

ᅗ18 䛀Ᏹᐂ䜰䝖䝸䜶㻌 1993䛁㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃ Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅106 㡫䚹䠄∵⓶ Niu Bo䛄ᆅ⌫እᩥ໬๰㐀䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䛸ᐇ㊶䛅(⌧௦௻⏬ᐊ䚸 1993)21-36㡫䚹䠅

ᅗ19 䛀Cosmic Dance㻌䜰䞊䝃䞊䞉䜴䝑䝈㻌䝭䞊䝹Ᏹᐂ⯪㻌 1993䛁㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅110㡫䚹

䠄http://www.cosmicdancer.com (last visited 19 December, 2014)

ᅗ20 䛀PRISMA䛁-1㻌 ᙎ㐨㣕⾜㻌 Pierre Comte㻌 2001㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ㻌 ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅106 㡫䚹䠄http://www.pierre-comte.com䠄last visited 22 December, 2014䠅䠅

ᅗ21 䛀ours-vertical䛁㻌〄║ど䛷䛝䜛⾨ᫍ䝥䝷䞁㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻䛂ග䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛩䜛䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛸Ᏹᐂⱁ

⾡䛃䛄༤ኈㄽᩥ ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ䛅䠄2013䠅113㡫䚹

䠄1986䡚1992㻌 http://www.ours.ch/projects.php (last visited 9 January, 2015)) ᅗ22 ቚὶ䛧Ỉ⌫⤮⏬-䊠㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻/JAXA

ᅗ23 ༙⌫≧䛾࿴⣬䛷ቚὶ䛧ᶍᵝ䜢྾╔㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻/JAXA

ᅗ24 ᆅୖ䛻ᣢ䛱ᖐ䜙䜜䛯ቚὶ䛧ᶍᵝ䛜௜╔䛧䛯࿴⣬㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻/JAXA ᅗ25 ቚὶ䛧Ỉ⌫⤮⏬-䊡”⏕࿨䚸ග䚸ᾏ”㻌㻌 ᐇ㦂-2㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻/JAXA ᅗ26 ቚὶ䛧Ỉ⌫⤮⏬-䊡”⏕࿨䚸ග䚸ᾏ”㻌㻌 ᐇ㦂-3㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻/JAXA ᅗ27 Spiral Top-䊠㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻/JAXA

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ᅗ28 Spiral Top-䊡Aurora Oval㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻/JAXA

ᅗ29 ⱝ⏣Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈ䛜ᐇ᪋䛧䛯Spiral Top-䊡㻌㻌㐂ᆏ༟㑻/JAXA