[資料] 静岡県熱海市・伊東市での関東大震災の跡 −災害教訓は生かされてきたか？−

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(1)Ṕྐᆅ㟈 ➨ 29 ྕ䠄2014䠅㻌 17-32 㡫 ཷ௜᪥㻌 2013/10/23䠈㻌 ཷ⌮᪥㻌 2014/04/04. 䠷㈨ᩱ䠹㟼ᒸ┴⇕ᾏᕷ䞉ఀᮾᕷ䛷䛾㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾㊧䠉⅏ᐖᩍカ䛿⏕䛛䛥䜜䛶䛝䛯䛛䠛䠉. ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫῶ⅏㐃ᦠ◊✲䝉䞁䝍䞊*㻌 Ṋᮧ 㞞அ. Report on the Field Survey for the Memorial Matters from the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake. at Atami and Ito Cities in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan Masayuki TAKEMURA Disaster Mitigation Research Center, Nagoya Univ. Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan Many memorial towers and monuments have been constructed for the heavy toll of life and for the restoration of villages or cities in Southern Kanto and Izu districts. Death claimed a toll of about 105,000 totally from the 1923 Great Kanto earthquake. These towers and monuments must be forever witnesses to the tragedy of the earthquake damage and spokesmen for the dying victims’ wish “don’t repeat such damages”. However, most of them have been already forgotten by the citizens. We thought it’s sacrilege and must use them for the public education of earthquake disaster prevention. This manuscript is a report on the field survey for the memorial matters from the Great Kanto earthquake at Atami and Ito Cities in Sizuoka Prefecture . Keywords: Memorial Tower, Great Kanto Earthquake, Genroku Earthquake, Atami City, Ito City §䠍. 䛿䛨䜑䛻 ➹⪅䛿, 1923 ᖺ䛾኱ṇ㛵ᮾᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛㛵ᮾ኱㟈 ⅏䛾៘㟋☃䜔グᛕ≀䛺䛹䜢ゼ䛽䛶, ௒ᚋ䛾ᆅᇦ㜵 ⅏άື䛻⏝䛔䜛㈨ᩱ䛸䛧䛶䜎䛸䜑䜛άື䜢⾜䛳䛶䛔䜛. 2010 ᖺ䛻䛿ᆅඖ“䜂䜙䛴䛛㜵⅏䜎䛱䛵䛟䜚䛾఍”䛾䝯䞁䝞䞊䛾༠ຊ䜢ᚓ䛶⚄ዉᕝ┴ᖹሯᕷ୰ᚰ㒊䛻ṧ䜛㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾៘㟋☃䜔グᛕ≀䛺䛹䜢ㄪᰝ䛧, ㈨ᩱ䛸䛧䛶䜎䛸䜑䛯[Ṋᮧ䞉⠛ཎ(2010)]. 䜎䛯, 2011 ᖺ䛻䛿, “䛿䛰䛾⅏ᐖ䝪䝷䞁䝔䜱䜰䝛䝑䝖䝽䞊䜽”䛾䝯䞁䝞䞊䛸䛸䜒䛻⚄ዉᕝ┴⛙㔝ᕷ䛷ㄪᰝ䛧, ྠᵝ䛾㈨ᩱ䜢䜎䛸䜑䛯[Ṋᮧ(2011)]. 䜎䛯, 2012 ᖺ䛻䛿⌧ᅾ䛾ᮾி㒔 23 ༊ ෆ 䜢 ᑐ ㇟䛻䛧䛯 ⴭ ᭩ 䜢 ฟ ∧ 䛧䛯 [ Ṋ ᮧ (2012)]. 2013 ᖺ䛻䛿⚄ዉᕝ┴ⱴ䞄ᓮᕷ䞉ᐮᕝ⏫䛸ᶓ὾ᕷ䜢 ᑐ㇟䛻䛧䛯[Ṋᮧ(2013a, b)]. ᮏ✏䛷䛿, 㟼ᒸ┴⇕ᾏᕷ䞉ఀᮾᕷ䜢ᑐ㇟䛻ㄪᰝ䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䜢䜎䛸䜑䜛. 2010 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 29-30 ᪥, 2011 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 17 ᪥, 2012 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 29 ᪥, 2012 ᖺ 11 ᭶ 21. ᪥䛾㒔ྜ 4 ᅇ䛾⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䜢⾜䛳䛯. ㄪᰝ䛻ᙜ䛳䛶䛿 ⩚㫽(1975)䜔ᑠ㔝䞉㒔ྖ(2008)䛺䛹䛾⤖ᯝ䜒ཧ↷䛧䛯. ⩚㫽(1975)䛿ᡣ⥲䛛䜙ᮾఀ㇋䛻䛛䛡䛶䛾ඖ⚘䞉 ኱ṇ㛵ᮾᆅ㟈ὠἼ䛾▼☃䜔ゝ䛔ఏ䛘䜢ㄪ䜉, ᑠ㔝䞉㒔ྖ(2008)䛿⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䜢㏻䛨䛶ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈ὠἼ䛾┦ ᶍ‴ἢᓊ䛻䛚䛡䜛ὠἼ䛾㧗䛥䜢ホ౯䛧䛶䛔䜛. ᮏ✏ 䛷䛿୺䛻኱ṇ㛵ᮾᆅ㟈䜢ᑐ㇟䛻, ὠἼ䛻㝈䜙䛪䜘䜚 ⥙⨶ⓗ䛻៘㟋☃䜔グᛕ☃䜔㑇ᵓ䜢ㄪᰝ䛧䜎䛸䜑䛯. §2. ⇕ᾏ䞉ఀᮾ䛾⿕ᐖ ⌧ᅾ䛾⇕ᾏᕷ䛿, ᙜ᫬䛾㟼ᒸ┴⏣᪉㒆⇕ᾏ⏫, ከ㈡ᮧ, ⥙௦ᮧ䛛䜙䛺䜛. 䜎䛯ఀᮾᕷ䛿ྠ㒆Ᏹబ⨾ ᮧ, ఀᮾ⏫, ᑠᐊᮧ, ᑞᓥᮧ䛛䜙䛺䜛. ⿕ᐖ䛾≧ἣ䜢䜎䛸䜑䜛䛸⾲䠍䛾䜘䛖䛻䛺䜛. 䛣䛾⾲䛿 ㅖ஭䞉Ṋᮧ(2002, 2004)䛻䜘䜛䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛. ㅖ஭䞉Ṋ ᮧ䛿୺䛻ᯇἑ䠄1925䠅䛸ෆົ┬♫఍ᒁ(1926)䛾䝕䞊䝍䜢䝧䞊䝇䛻䛧䛯. 䛣䛾䛖䛱ᑞᓥᮧ䛿ෆົ┬♫఍ᒁ. 䛈464-8641 ྡྂᒇᕷ༓✀༊୙⪁⏫ 㟁Ꮚ䝯䞊䝹: 㻌 [email protected] 㻌㻌. *. - 17 -.

(2) ⾲ 1㻌 ᙜ᫬䛾⇕ᾏ䞉ఀᮾᆅᇦ䛾ཎᅉู⿕ᐖ[ㅖ஭䞉Ṋ ᮧ(2002, 2004)䛻ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈Ṛ⪅䠄▼☃䠅䜢ຍ➹] Table 1 㻌 Summary of damages for old municipalities in Atami and Ito area. ⏫ᮧ ⇕ᾏ⏫ ከ㈡ᮧ ⥙௦ᮧ Ᏹబ⨾ᮧ ఀᮾ⏫ ᑠᐊᮧ ᑞᓥᮧ. ୡᖏᩘ 㻝㻡㻜㻤㻡㻠㻢㻡㻤㻞㻢㻠㻢㻞㻠㻟㻣㻡㻡㻥㻣㻤㻡. ⿕ᐖୡᖏᩘ ඲₽ ὶኻ 㻝㻤㻝㻝㻢㻟㻣㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻠㻜㻠㻜㻝㻝㻝㻞㻤㻟㻟㻢㻝㻠㻡㻢. Ṛ⪅䞉୙᫂ᩘ ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈 ඲₽ ὶኻ Ṛ⪅䠄▼☃䠅㻥㻞㻝㻡㻣㻣㻠㻠㻜㻠㻠㻜㻜㻜㻜㻟㻤㻜వ 㻝㻜㻥㻞㻞㻤㻣㻝㻢㻟㻣㻜㻣㻞㻜㻜వ 㻝㻝. ⥲ᩘ. (1926)䛻Ṛ⪅ 1 ྡ䛾グ㍕䛜䛒䜛䛾䜏䛷䛒䜛. 䛄㟼ᒸ ⦩኱ṇ㟈⅏ㄅ䛅[㟼ᒸ┴(1924)]䛻䜒⿕ᐖ䛾グ㍕䛜䛺䛔䛸䛣䜝䛛䜙, ௚䛸ẚ䜉䛶ᕥ⛬኱䛝䛺⿕ᐖ䛜ฟ䛺䛛䛳䛯䜒䛾䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛. 㻌 ⇕ᾏᕷ, ఀᮾᕷ䛷䛾⿕ᐖ䛾≉ᚩ䛿, ᙉ䛔ᦂ䜜䛷ከ 䛟䛾ᐙᒇ䛜඲₽䛧䛯䜋䛛䛻, ὠἼ䛾⿕ᐖ䛜ⴭ䛧䛛䛳䛯䛣䛸䜢ᣲ䛢䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛. 㟼ᒸ┴(1924)䛿䛭䛾ᵝ Ꮚ䜢ఀᮾ⏫᪉㠃䛸⇕ᾏ᪉㠃䛻ศ䛡䛶௨ୗ䛾䜘䛖䛻ఏ 䛘䛶䛔䜛. 䠄ఀᮾ⏫᪉㠃䠅䛂๓ᚋ஧ᅇ㐃⧰䛧䛶୔వ䛾ὠᾉ䛿 ἢᓊ䜢く䜂, ఀᮾ⏫⋪㡲⨾䛾℈᪂㐨᪉㠃䛿Ṥ䛹඼ 䛾඲㒊䜢ὶኻ䛧, ྠ⏫ᯇཎ䞉‫‮‬ᕝཬᏱబ⨾䞉ᑠᐊ䛾 ἢᓊᮧⴠ䛿ఱ䜜䜒ὶኻ䛾གྷ䛻㐼䜈䜚. 䛃䠄⇕ᾏ᪉㠃䠅䛂ึ㟈䜘䜚⣙༑ศ䛻䛧䛶๓ᚋ஧ᅇὠᾉ. 䛾く᮶䛒䜚, ⪋䜒஧୔䛾㧗䛥䛻ཬ䜃, ᾏ℈䛾㐼㞴䛫䜛⪅䛿෌䜃ᒣ䛾ᡭ᪉㠃䛻㏨䜜䜣䛸䛧䛶, ⁒Ṛ䜢㐙䛢䛯䜛䜒䛾ᑡ䛺䛜䜙䛪. 䠄୰␎䠅ཪఀ㇋ᒣ䛿ᒣᔂ䛾Ⅽ䜑䛻ᇙἐ䛧䛶඼䛾୐ศ䜢ኻ䜂, ከ㈡ᮧ䞉⥙௦ᮧ䜒஼⿕ ᐖ⃭⏒䜢ᴟ䜑䛯䜛䛣䛸⇕ᾏ䞉ఀᮾ䛻␗䛺䜛䛣䛸䛺䛧.䛃 ୍୔䛿⣙ 3m 䛷, ୖグ䛾グ㏙㏻䜚䛰䛸䛩䜜䜀ఀᮾ 䛷䛿㧗䛥 3m వ䜚, ⇕ᾏ䛷䛿 6m 䜋䛹䛾ὠἼ䛰䛳䛯䛣䛸䛻䛺䜛.㻌 ྠᆅ᪉䛿, 1703䠄ඖ⚘༑භ䠅ᖺ䛾ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛷䜒኱䛝䛺ὠἼ⿕ᐖ䜢ཷ䛡䛶䛚䜚, 䛭䜜䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿 ᑠ㔝䞉㒔ྖ(2008)䛜ヲ䛧䛔⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䜢䛧䛶䛔䜛䛾䛷, 䛭䛾ሗ࿌䜢ཧ⪃䛻䛷䛝䜛䛰䛡⌧ᆅ䛻㉱䛔䛯. 䜎䛯, ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍(2005)䛿ఀᮾᕷෆ䛾▼㐀ᩥ໬㈈䛾ヲ䛧䛔ㄪᰝ䜢⾜䛳䛶䛚䜚, 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏㛵㐃䛾▼㐀 ≀䜢᥈䛩ୖ䜀䛛䜚䛷䛿䛺䛟, ☃ᩥ䜢ㄞ䜐ୖ䛷䜒ཧ⪃ 䛻䛧䛯. §3. ㄪᰝᆅⅬ ㄪᰝ⠊ᅖ䜢ᅗ䠍䛻♧䛩. ⇕ᾏ, Ᏹబ⨾, ఀᮾ, ᕝ ዉ, ඵᖭ㔝࿘㎶䛾 5 ᆅᇦ䛻ศ䛡䛶ㄪᰝ䛧䛯. ᆅⅬᩘ 䛿ྜィ 20 ᆅⅬ䛻䛺䜛. ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛻㛵䛩䜛䜒䛾䛜䛒䜛 ᆅⅬ䛿 5 ᆅⅬ䛷䛒䜛. ⾲ 1 䛻♧䛩ᙜ᫬䛾⏫ᮧ䛾䛖䛱 ᕝዉ䛿ᑠᐊᮧ, ඵᖭ㔝䛿ᑞᓥᮧ䛻ᒓ䛧䛶䛔䛯. ☃ᩥ䛿䛷䛝䜛䛰䛡ṇ☜䜢ᮇ䛧䛶䛭䛾䜎䜎グ㍕䛩䜛䜘䛖䛻ດ䜑䛯. ᩥ୰䛾䠋䛿ᨵ⾜఩⨨䜢♧䛩. 㛗ᖺ䛾㢼㞵䛺䛹䛻䜘䜛ᦶ⪖䛷⫗║䛷ㄞ䜑䛺䛛䛳䛯䜒䛾䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿, ᚋ᪥ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍䛻䜘䜛ᣅᮏㄪᰝ䛾⤖ ᯝ䜒ぢ䛫䛶䛔䛯䛰䛝ṇ☜䜢ᮇ䛧䛯. 䛭䛾䜘䛖䛺䜿䞊䝇䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䛭䛾㒔ᗘグ㍕䛩䜛.. ᅗ 2㻌 ⇕ᾏᆅᇦ Fig.2㻌 Atami㻌 area.. ᅗ䠍㻌ㄪᰝᆅᇦ Fig.1㻌 Map of the survey areas in Izu㻌 Peninsula.. - 18 -.

(3) ☃䛷䛒䜛. ㍍౽㕲㐨䛿㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾⿕ᐖ䛛䜙᚟ᪧ䛫䛪ᗫ⥺䛸䛺䛳䛯. 䛺䛚, ⌧ᅾ䛾ᅜ㐨 135 ྕ⥺䛿 1953 ᖺ௨๓䛿┴㐨䛷䛒䛳䛯.. ᅗ 3㻌 ᅜ㐨 135 ྕ⥺㬆ἑ䛾୓㟋ሪ Fig.3㻌 Memorial tower of Narusawa㻌 in Atami erected for the souls of victims due to landslide. 3-1㻌 ⇕ᾏᆅᇦ䠄ᅗ 2䠅 (1)㻌 ᅜ㐨 135 ྕ⥺㬆ἑ䠄⇕ᾏᕷఀ㇋ᒣ䠅 JR ᮾᾏ㐨⥺⇕ᾏ㥐໭ᮾ⣙ 2km 䛷, ᅜ㐨 135 ྕ ⥺䛾ఀ㇋ᒣ஺ᕪⅬ䛛䜙䛥䜙䛻┿㭯᪉ྥ䜈 400m 䜋䛹㐍䜐䛸ྑഃ䠄ᾏഃ䠅䛻㬆ἑ䛾୓㟋ሪ䛜䛒䜛䠄ᅗ 3䠅. ṇ 㠃䛜኱䛝䛟๤ⴠ䛧䛶䛚䜚, ୍ぢఱ䛾☃䛛ศ䛛䜙䛺䛔. ๤ⴠ㒊䜒ṧ䛳䛶䛔䜛䛾䛷, 䛭䜜䜙䜒䛴䛺䛞ྜ䜟䛫䛶☃ ᩥ䜢ㄞ䜐䛸௨ୗ䛾䛸䛚䜚䛷䛒䜛. ୓㟋ሪ 䠄ṇ㠃䠅㻌 ⴙ㟋ሪ 䠄⿬㠃ୖẁ䠅㻌 ኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ஑᭶୍᪥኱㟈⅏᝺Ṛ⪅ 㟼ᒸ⦩㐨㊰ᕤኵ㻌 ᑠᯇᐩྜྷ䠋㻌䟠㻌 ୰⏣ᖹྜྷ䠋㻌䟠㻌 ୰⏣ᖹⶶ䠋㍝౽㚡㐨ᕤኵ㻌 ᮌᮧ᫓ྜྷ䠋 ᐆᩥᕤᴗ⫋ᕤ㻌 ᑠᯘ႐ᕷ䠋㻌䟠㻌 ᵽᕝᡣྜྷ䠋㻌䟠㻌 ᖹᕝⰾ୕㑻䠄⿬㠃ୗẁ䠅㻌 ⓐ㉳ே୪䠋ᐤ㝃⪅ⰾྡ 㔠㈒ⓒᅭ㻌 ᗡཎ㒆㻌 ஧ཪᕝ᳃ኴ㑻䠋㔠ኍⓒᅭ㻌 ᮾி㻌 ᑌᩥ㤋䠋㔠஬ᣠᅭ㻌 ูᗓ㻌 ༡㎮㐀䠋㔠஬ᣠᅭ㻌㻌 ἟ ὠ㻌 ᅧศṇྜྷ䠋㔠஬ᣠᅭ㻌㻌 ␜༊㻌 ᑠᯇᨻྜྷ䠋▼ᕤ㻌 ఀໃᯘ㐀 ఀ㇋ᒣ䛛䜙㛛ᕝ䠄‫‮‬Ἑཎ䠅䛻䛛䛡䛶䛿┴㐨䛸㞄᥋ 䛩䜛㍍౽㕲㐨䠄⇕ᾏ㌶㐨䠅䛸䜒䛻ᾏ୰䛻⁥ⴠ䛧ᩘⓒᑻ 䛾ᓴᔂ䜜䜢⏕䛨䛯[㑣Ἴ(1926)]. 䜎䛯, 㟈⅏ᆅᛂᛴ ᅗཎᅗ[஭ୖ(2008)]䛻䜒, ᅵ◁ᔂ䜜䛾༳䛜䛴䛵䛝䛂㏻⾜䛩䜛䜢ᚓ䛪䛃䛸䛾グ㍕䛜䛒䜛. ᅵ◁ᔂ䜜䛻䜘䛳䛶≛≅䛸䛺䛳䛯㐨㊰䛺䜙䜃䛻㕲㐨ᕤ஦㛵ಀ⪅䛾៘㟋. (2)㻌 JR ⇕ᾏ㥐๓ᗈሙ 㻌 ᗫ⥺䛸䛺䛳䛯㍍౽㕲㐨䜢㉮䛳䛶䛔䛯ᶵ㛵㌴䛜⇕ᾏ 㥐䛾㥐๓ᗈሙ䛻ᒎ♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠄ᅗ 4䠅. ㄝ᫂ᯈ䛻䜘䜜䜀, 䛣䛾ᶵ㛵㌴䛿⇕ᾏ㌶㐨䛾ᗫ⥺ᚋ, ྛᆅ䛾㕲㐨ᘓタᕤ஦䛷ά㌍䛧, ⚄ᡞᕷ䛾ᅜ㕲㮚ྲྀᕤሙෆ䛻 ᒎ♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䜒䛾䜢⇕ᾏᕷ䛜ᡶ䛔ୗ䛢䜢䛖䛡䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛. Ṋᮧ䠄2009䠅䛻䜘䜜䜀, ⇕ᾏ࡟ูⲮࢆࡶࡘᮾிࡸ ᶓ὾ࡢᐇᴗᐙࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡾ, ⇕ᾏࡢ᪑㤋ࡶ୍㒊ฟ ㈨ࡋ࡚ 1896(᫂἞ 29)ᖺ࡟⇕ᾏ࡜᪩ᕝ㛫࡟༢⥺ࣞ ࣮ࣝࡀ㛤㏻ࡋࡓ. ㇋┦ே㌴㕲㐨࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡇࡢ㕲㐨 ࡣࡑࡢྡࡢ࡜࠾ࡾேࡀᐈ㌴ࢆᢲࡍᙧᘧࡢ㕲㐨࡛࠶ ࡗࡓ. ᙜึࡣᑠ⏣ཎ㤿㌴㕲㐨ࡀ㏻ࡿᑠ⏣ཎࡢ᪩ᕝ ཱྀ࡜᪩ᕝࡢ㛫 0.5km ࡣᚐṌ࡛஌ࡾ᥮࠼ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ ࠸ࡓࡀ 1900(᫂἞ 33)ᖺࡢ㤿㌴㕲㐨ࡢ㟁Ẽ㕲㐨໬ 㸦ᑠ⏣ཎ㟁Ẽ㕲㐨㸧࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚᪩ᕝཱྀࡲ࡛ᘏ㛗ࡉ ࢀࡓ. ᡤせ᫬㛫ࡣ 5 ᫬㛫఩࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿ. ே㌴㕲㐨ࡣ 1906(᫂἞ 39)ᖺ࡟㍍౽㕲㐨࡬ษ ࡾ᭰࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟㌶㐨ࢆᗈࡆࡿᕤ஦ࢆ⾜࠸, ⩣ᖺࡼ ࡾ⵨Ẽᶵ㛵㌴࡟ࡼࡿ㐠㌿ࡀጞࡲࡗࡓ. ㍍౽㕲㐨ࡢ㛤㏻࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᑠ⏣ཎ࣭⇕ᾏ㛫ࡣ 2 ᫬ 㛫 40 ศ࡟▷⦰ࡉࢀࡓ. ୍᪉, ᑗ᮶ࡢᮾᾏ㐨⥺ࢆ࡟ ࡽࢇ࡛ᕤ஦ࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀࡓ⇕ᾏ⥺ࡣ, ᅜᗓὠ࣭ᑠ⏣ ཎ㛫ࡀ 1920(኱ṇ 9)ᖺ࡟㛤㏻, ࡑࡢ㝿࡟ᑠ⏣ཎ㟁 Ẽ㕲㐨ࡢే㉮༊㛫ࡀᗫṆࡉࢀࡓ. ࡉࡽ࡟ᑠ⏣ཎ࣭. ᅗ 4 ⇕ᾏ㥐๓䛻䛒䜛ᆅ㟈䛷ᗫ⥺䛸䛺䛳䛯㍍౽㕲㐨䛾ᶵ㛵㌴ Fig.4㻌 A locomotive of㻌 the light railroad in the open space of Atami station.. - 19 -.

(4) ┿㭯㛫ࡀ 1922(኱ṇ 11)ᖺ࡟㛤㏻ࡍࡿ࡜㍍౽㕲㐨 ࡢే㉮༊㛫ࡶᗫṆࡉࢀࡓ. ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣࡢ୰࡛ 1923(኱ṇ 12)ᖺ 9 ᭶ࡢ㛵ᮾᆅ㟈ࢆ㏄࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ ࡗࡓ. (3) ⮫῭᐀ Ἠᑎ㸦⇕ᾏᕷୖᐟ⏫㸧 JR ఀᮾ⥺᮶ᐑ㥐༡ᮾ⣙ 500m ࡢ⇕ᾏᕷᙺᡤ㏆ ࡃ࡟࠶ࡿ. ᒣ㛛ࢆධࡿ࡜ྑᡭ࡟ᮏᇽࡀ࠶ࡾ, ࡑࡢ ዟ࡟⋢ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ౪㣴ሪ࡜ሪグࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗ 5㸧. ኱㟈⅏୓㟋ሪ 㸦ṇ㠃㸧 ኱㟈⅏㸭ⴙ㟰ሪ ኱ᚨᑎὴ⟶㛗せ᐀ ㅽ᭩ ሪグ㸦ṇ㠃㸧 ኱㟈⅏ⴙ㟰ሪグ ᄨ኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ஑᭶୍᪥༗᫬኱㟈ⅆ⅏ ✺ዴ㉳ኳᔂᆅ⿣ຍஅᾏთ୪⮺⪁ᗂ⏨ ዪ㐍㏥Ⲑ㇂⹰ኳူᆅ୙▱ᡤᕥྑᐿ᫝ ✵๓⤯ᚋஅ᝺ᐖ⪋᝛ឯஅ≧ゝ➹஼⬟ 㞴┗ᚑ⪋ே␆➼ṚയṤ↓㔞ஓ▯⏕⪅ ஼ഹ௨㌟චᖸྛᡤ⪥▯ᅇ᝿඼␜᫬௒ ᑦឤ៓᭷㞴⚗⪅᪊Ⲑஇ㝫グஅㅖẶ┦ ⬎ᘓ❧ⴙ㟰ሪ᪊ Ἠᑎቃෆ⮴ㄔླྀယ Ⅽ㛗௨㏣ᛕ౪㣴அ⾲ᡂ▯ ኱ṇ༑୕ᖺ஑᭶୍᪥ ⇕ᾏ Ἠ⢭⯋⌧ఫ 㮖ᕊ⍚ᒣ ㅽ᧝. 㸦⿬㠃㸧 ࠕⓐ㉳ேࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ ⇕ᾏ᪂ሗ♫୺, Ἠᑎ, 㓾⋤ ᑎ, ⯆⚙ᑎ, ᾏⶶᑎ, ኱஌ᑎ, ᛌ㛗㝔ࡢྛఫ⫋, ㄋ Ḡ㝔,᪥ᮏᕤᴗ᭳♫ࡢ 9 ேࡢẶྡ ࠕྀ㉳ேࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ 6 ேࡢẶྡ ࠕୡヰேࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ 9 ேࡢẶྡ 㬇⫋ ኳ㔝⚟ḟ㑻㸭▼ᕤ ఀໃ Ⓨ㉳ே࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᑎ㝔ࡢ࠺ࡕ, ⯆⚙ᑎ, ᾏⶶ ᑎ, ኱஌ᑎࡣ Ἠᑎ࡜ྠࡌ⮫῭᐀࡛, ᾏⶶᑎࡣ⌧ ᅾࡢ἟ὠᕷ, ௚ࡣ㟼ᒸᕷࡢᑎ㝔࡛࠶ࡿ. 㓾⋤ᑎ࡜ ᛌ㛗㝔ࡣ┿ゝ᐀࡛, 㓾⋤ᑎࡣ☬⏣ᕷ, ᛌ㛗㝔ࡣᆅ ඖ⇕ᾏᕷࡢᑎ㝔࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡲࡓㄋḠ㝔ࡣίᅵ᐀࡛ Ἠᑎ࡜ྠࡌࡃ⇕ᾏᕷୖᐟ⏫ࡢᑎ㝔࡛࠶ࡿ. 㟈⅏≛ ≅⪅ࡢ୍࿘ᚷ࡟, ᆅඖ⇕ᾏࢆ୰ᚰ࡟㟼ᒸ┴ྛᆅࡢ ᑎ㝔࡞࡝ࡀ༠ຊࡋ࡚ᘓ❧ࡋࡓ៘㟋☃࡛࠶ࡿ.. ᅗ 6㻌 Ᏹబ⨾ᆅᇦ Fig.6㻌 Usami㻌 area.. ᅗ 5㻌 Ἠᑎ䛻䛒䜛୓㟋ሪ䛸ሪグ Fig.5㻌 Memorial tower of㻌 Onsen-ji Temple in Atami erected for the soul of victims.. 3-2 Ᏹబ⨾ᆅᇦ㸦ᅗ 6㸧 (1) ᪥ⶈ᐀⾜ⶈᑎ䠄ఀᮾᕷᏱబ⨾䠅㻌 JR ఀᮾ⥺Ᏹబ⨾㥐䛾໭ᮾ⣙ 700m 䛻䛒䜛. 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ ቃෆ䛻⥆䛟▼ẁ䛾ୖ䛛䜙 2-3 ẁ┠䛾ᕥഃ䛻䛂኱ṇ 12 ᖺ䠋㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䠋䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈᆅⅬ䛃䛸᭩䛛䜜䛯 ᶆ㆑䛜䛒䜛䠄ᅗ 7䠅. 㻌 ቃෆ䛻䛿ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾 60 ᅇᚷ䛻ᙜ䜛 1762䠄ᐆᬺ༑ ஧䠅ᖺ䛻ᘓ䛶䜙䜜䛯୓㟋ሪ䛜䛒䜛. ☃ᩥ䛿௜㘓䛻♧ 䛩. ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍(2005)䛻䜘䜜䜀せ᪨䛿௨ୗ 䛾䜘䛖䛷䛒䜛. 㻌. - 20 -.

(5) ඖ⚘༑භᖺ༑஧᭶஧༑୕᪥῝ኪ, ᮾᅜ䛻኱ᆅ㟈䛜㉳䛣䛳䛶, ᐷᗋ䜢ᦂ䜛䛜䛧䛯. ㉳䛝䜘䛖䛸䛧䛶㌿䜃, ❧䛸䛖䛸䛧䛶ಽ䜜, ㄡ䛧䜒ⓙኳᆅ䛜⁛༷䛧䛯䛸ឤ䛨䛯. ᆅ㟈䛜཰䜎䜚ᡃ䛻䛛䛘䛳䛶, ⓙ୕䚻஬䚻㞟䜎䛳䛶᮶ 䛯. ᮧ䛾ྂ⪁䛾ゝ䛖䛻䛿, ᐶỌ༑ᖺṇ᭶䛾኱ᆅ㟈䛾 ᫬䛻䛿, Ἑᕝ䜔஭ᡞ䛾Ỉ䛜ᾲ䜜, ᾏ䛿₻䛜஬䡚භ ⏫䠄୍⏫䛿⣙୍䚽஑䝯䞊䝖䝹䠅Ἀ䜎䛷ᘬ䛝, 㨶䛜䛯䛟䛥䜣◁ୖ䛻ྲྀ䜚ṧ䛥䜜䛯. ඖẼ䛾䜘䛔⏨䛹䜒䛜, 䛣䛾㨶䜢ྲྀ䛳䛶㝣䛻ᖐ䛳䛯ᚋ䛷, ₞䛟䛻䛧䛶ὠᾉ䛜䜔䛳䛶䛝䛯. ᐙᒇ䛿ὶฟ䛧䛯䛜, ⁒Ṛ⪅䛿஧, ୕ே䜢ᩘ䛘䜛䛻Ṇ䜎䛳䛯. 䛒䜜䛛䜙ᩘ䛘䛶୐༑୍ᖺ, ௒ᅇ䜒ྠᵝ 䛷䛒䜝䛖䛛䛸㞄㏆ᡤ䛷ヰ䛧ྜ䛳䛶䛔䛯䛜, Ἑ䛾Ỉ䛜ᾲ 䜜䜛䛣䛸䜒䛺䛟, ᾏ䛾₻䜒඲䛟㏥䛛䛪, ὠἼ䛜✺↛く䛳䛶䛝䛯. 䛒䛳䛸䛔䛖㛫䛾ฟ᮶஦䛷㏨䛢㐜䜜, ⁒Ṛ⪅ 䛿኱ซ୕ⓒඵ༑వே䛻㐩䛧䛯. 䜎䛥䛻䛣䛾ୡ䛾⤊䜟䜚䛾䜘䛖䛷䛒䛳䛯. ୍య䛣䜜䛿๓ୡ䛛䜙䛾⣙᮰䛤䛸䛷䛒䜝䛖䛛. ඖ⚘䛾኱ὠᾉ䛛䜙භ༑ᖺ䛯䛳䛯௒, ෌䜃 ⅏⚝䛻䛛䛛䜛䛣䛸䛾䛺䛔䜘䛖㢪䜟䛪䛻䛿䛔䜙䜜䛺䛔. 㻌 ᐶỌ༑ᖺṇ᭶䛾ᆅ㟈䛸䛿, 1633 ᖺ䛾ᐶỌᑠ⏣ཎ ᆅ㟈䛷, 㟼ᒸ┴(1996)䛻䜘䜜䜀, ⇕ᾏ䛷䛿὾ᐟ䛸䛔䛖⊟ᖌ⏫䛜ὶ䛥䜜䛯䛸䛔䛖.. 䠄ୖ㠃䠅㻌 ኱ṇ 12 ᖺ䠋㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䠋䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈᆅⅬ 䠄ᕥୖഃ㠃䠅 ᫛࿴භ༑஧ᖺ୕᭶䠋ఀᮾᕷ 㻌䛣䛾䛒䛯䜚୍ᖏ䛿ᇛᐟ䛸࿧䜀䜜, ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈๓䛿ί ᅵ᐀ίಙᑎ䛾ቃෆᆅ䛷䛒䛳䛯. ⌧ᅾ, ίಙᑎ䛿ᇛᐟ 䛛䜙⣙ 600m ໭᪉䛾㧗ྎ䛻䛒䜛. ⌧ఫ⫋䛾ヰ䛷䛿ᇛ ᐟ఍㤋䛾ᅵᆅ䛿⌧ᅾ䛷䜒ίಙᑎ䛾Ꮿᆅ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛔䛖. ඛ௦ 26 ୡ㝯ㄔୖே䛜䜎䛸䜑䛯䛂ᅇྥᒣ㉳⾜㝔ί ಙᑎ␎ྐ䛃[ίಙᑎ(2007)]䛻䜘䜜䜀, ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾኱ ὠἼ䛷ᇽᏱ୍ษὶኻ䛧䛯. 䛭䛾㝿㐣ཤᖒ, ྂᩥ᭩䛺䛹䜒ὶኻ䛧䛯. ᑎ䛜⌧ᅾᆅ䛻⛣㌿䜢ᯝ䛯䛧䛯䛾䛿 1725䠄ாಖ༑䠅ᖺ䛾䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛. ᾏᓊ㒊䛻ከ䛔᷄ᐙ䜒 ὠἼ䛷኱䛝䛺⿕ᐖ䜢ཷ䛡, ෌ᘓ䛻᫬㛫䛜䛛䛛䛳䛯䜒䛾䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛. ⌧ᅾ䛾ᮏᇽ䛿෌ᘓ᫬䛾䜒䛾䛷, ᪧᑎ ᆅ⏤᮶䛾䜒䛾䛿ቃෆ䛻ṧ䜛ඖ⚘䛾ᖺྕ䛜้䜎䜜䛯▼ ௖䛜 3 య䛾䜏䛷䛒䜛. 䛄㒓ᅵᏱబ⨾ㄅ䛅[኱㧗(1969䠅] 䛻䛿, ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾ὠἼ䛻䜘䛳䛶Ᏹబ⨾䛷 550 ே䛾Ṛ ⪅䛜䛒䛳䛯䛸䛩䜛ίಙᑎ䛾ᑎఏ䛜䛒䜛䛸䛥䜜, ᑠ㔝䞉㒔ྖ䠄2008䠅䜒ྠᵝ䛾ᣦ᦬䜢䛧䛶䛔䜛䛜, 䛭䜜䜢⿬௜ 䛡䜛᭩㢮䛿ぢ䛴䛛䛳䛶䛔䛺䛔䛸䛔䛖[ίಙᑎ(2007)]. 䜎䛯, ᇛᐟ఍㤋䛾すഃ, Ᏹబ⨾ᑠᏛᰯ䛸䛾㛫䛻఍㤋䛾ᅵᆅ䛛䜙୍ẁ㧗䛟䛺䛳䛯䝔䝙䝇䝁䞊䝖䛜䛒䜚, 䛂ᶓ ᯖ䛃䛸䛔䛖ᆅྡ䛜ṧ䛳䛶䛔䜛. ᑠ㔝䞉㒔ྖ䠄2008䠅䛿䛣䛾䛒䛯䜚䜢䛂ᶓᯖ䛃䛸࿧䜆䛾䛿, ὠἼ䛻㏣䛔䛴䛛䜜䛯 ⏨ዪ䛜ᶓᯖ䛻ಽ䜜䛯䛣䛸䜢⾲䛧䛶䛔䜛䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛.㻌 ᆅ ྡ䛾⏤᮶䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿㟼ᒸ┴(1996)䛷䜒ゝཬ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛜, 䛂ίಙᑎ␎ྐ䛃䛷䛿ゐ䜜䜙䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔. 䛯䛰䛧, ᇛᐟ䛾ᪧቃෆᆅ䛸ᛮ䛧䛝ሙᡤ䛛䜙䛿௒䛷䜒㑇㦵䛜ฟ. ᅗ 7㻌⾜ⶈᑎ䛾㝵ẁ䛻䛒䜛ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ Fig.7 A mark of tsunami flooding at stone steps of Gyoren-ji Temple in Usami. 䛧䜝䛧䜕䛟. (2) ᇛᐟ఍㤋䠄ఀᮾᕷᏱబ⨾䠅㻌 JR ఀᮾ⥺Ᏹబ⨾㥐䛾ᮾ⣙ 300m 䛻䛒䜛. 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ 㻌 ᅗ 8 䛾㌴䛾ዟ䛾ᘓ≀䛜ᇛᐟ఍㤋䛷, ᡭ๓䛾㟁ᰕ䛾㝿䛻ὠἼ䛾ᶆ㆑䛜䛒䜛. ᶆ㆑䛻䛿௨ୗ䛾䜘䛖䛻᭩䛛䜜䛶䛔䜛.. ᅗ 8 ᇛᐟ఍㤋䛾㏆䛟䛻䛒䜛ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ Fig.8㻌 A mark of tsunami flooding near Jyoshuku hall in Usami.. - 21 -.

(6) 䛶䛟䜛䛣䛸䛜䛒䜛䛸᭩䛛䜜䛶䛚䜚, ᑎ䛾⛣㌿䛜ὠἼ䛸䛔䛖୙៖䛾஦㇟䛻䜘䛳䛶ᘬ䛝㉳䛣䛥䜜䛯䛣䛸䜢≀ㄒ䛳䛶䛔䜛䜘䛖䛷䛒䜛. 䛔䛪䜜䛻䛧䛶䜒, 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾 ᶆ㆑䛾䛒䜛⌧ᅾ䛾ᇛᐟ఍㤋௜㏆䛜, ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛷䛿 ᑎ䛜ὶኻ䛩䜛䜋䛹䛾ὠἼ䛾㧗䛥䛷䛒䛳䛯䛣䛸䜢⪃䛘䜛䛸, ᑠ㔝䞉㒔ྖ䠄2008䠅䛜ᣦ᦬䛩䜛䜘䛖䛻, ྠᆅⅬ䛷䛾 ὠἼ䛿, ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾᪉䛜㧗䛛䛳䛯䛸᥎ᐹ䛩䜛䛾䛜⮬ ↛䛷䛒䜛.. 䠄➎ṇ㠃䠅 ዊ⇠ 䠄➎ᕥഃ㠃䠅 ᚋୡ䝙அ䞀䝜䝁䝇 ኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ஑᭶୍᪥኱䝆䝅䞁䝒䝘䝭༑᭶ୢ᪥䝬䝕䝶䝹䠋ᐑෆ⪁ே 䠄➎⿬㠃䠅 ኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ䠋୐᭶༑ᅄ᪥ᘓタ䠋ᓠ㻌 ᐑෆஂྜྷ 㻌 ⿬㠃䛾ᘓ❧᫬ᮇ䜘䜚㟈⅏┤๓䛻ᘓ❧䛥䜜䛯ⅉ⡲䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ䛛䜛. ᕥ㠃䛾グ㍕䛿㟈⅏ᚋ䛾㏣้䛸䜏䜙䜜䜛. ⬗య䛻ᢡ䜜䛯㊧䛜䛒䜚, ᆅ㟈䛷䛣䜟䜜ಟ᚟䛧䛯㝿䛻㏣้䛥䜜䛯䜘䛖䛷䛒䜛. ୍᪉, ᕥഃ䛾ⅉ⡲䛻䛿➎ ṇ㠃䛻䛂⣡⇠䛃䛸᭩䛛䜜, ⿬㠃䛿ྑഃ䛸ྠ䛨䛷䛒䜚, ᦆ യ䛾䛒䛸䛿ぢ䜙䜜䛺䛔.. ᅗ 9㻌 ᫓᪥⚄♫䛻䛒䜛ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ Fig.9 㻌 A mark of tsunami flooding at Kasuga㻌 Shrine in Usami. (3) ᫓᪥⚄♫䠄ఀᮾᕷᏱబ⨾䠅 JR ఀᮾ⥺Ᏹబ⨾㥐༡༡ᮾ⣙ 400m 䛻䛒䜛. 㫽ᒃ 䜢₯䜚ቃෆ䛻ධ䜛䛸ṇ㠃䛻ᮏẊ䛜䛒䜚, ቃෆᕥഃ䛾 ᮌ䛜ⱱ䜛ⲡ䜐䜙䛻ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑䛜䛒䜛䠄ᅗ 9䠅. ᶆ㆑䛿タ⨨᫬ᮇ䜢㝖䛟䛸ᇛᐟ఍㤋䛾䜒䛾䛸䜋䜌ྠ䛨 ᙧᘧ䛾䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛. 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ 䠄ୖ㠃䠅㻌 ኱ṇ 12 ᖺ䠋㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䠋䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈᆅⅬ 䠄ྑୖഃ㠃䠅 ᫛࿴භ༑୍ᖺ஧᭶䠋ఀᮾᕷ (4) ᓠ⇃㔝⚄♫䠄ఀᮾᕷᏱబ⨾䠅㻌 JR ఀᮾ⥺Ᏹబ⨾㥐す⣙ 600m 䛻䛒䜛. ᛴ䛺㝵ẁ䜢 Ⓩ䜚㫽ᒃ䜢₯䜛䛸⊃䛔ቃෆᆅ䛜䛒䜚, 䛥䜙䛻䛭䛣䛛䜙 10 ẁవ䜚䛾㝵ẁ䜢Ⓩ䜛䛸ᮏẊ䛜䛒䜛. 㝵ẁ䛾ୗ䛻䛿 ᕥྑ୍ᑐ䛾≻≟䛜❧䛳䛶䛔䜛. ▼ⅉ⡲ ᮏẊ๓䛻୍ᑐ䛾▼ⅉ⡲䛜䛒䜚, ྑഃ䛾ⅉ⡲䛻䛿௨ ୗ䛾䜘䛖䛻้䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛䠄ᅗ 10䠅.. ᅗ 10㻌 ᓠ⇃㔝⚄♫䛾ⅉ⡲䛻้䜎䜜䛯ᆅ㟈䛾グ㘓 Fig.10 㻌 A dedicatory lantern at Mine-Kumano Shrine in Usami. ቃෆ䛻䛿䛣䛾௚, ♫Ẋ䛻ྥ䛛䛳䛶ྑഃ䛾≻≟䛾๓ 䛻௨ୗ䛾䜘䛖䛺ᡭỈ㖊䛜䛒䜛. ᡭỈ㖊䠄ṇ㠃䠅 ⣡ዊ 䠄ྑഃ㠃䠅 ኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ༑஧᭶㐀அ ᐤ㝃⪅㻌 ᓠ ✄ⴥ⋤஬㑻㻌 ጔ䠋䛥䛟 ✄ⴥᙪ஬㑻㻌 ጔ䠋䛝䛟㻌㟈⅏䛸䛾㛵㐃䛿ᐃ䛛䛷䛿䛺䛔䛜, 2 ே䛾፬ே䛜㟈 ⅏┤ᚋ䛻ዊ⣡䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛛䜙, 㟈⅏䛾≛≅⪅䛻ᑐ 䛩౪㣴䛾ព࿡䛜䛒䜛䜒䛾䛛䜒䛧䜜䛺䛔.. - 22 -.

(7) ୍᪥኱㟈⅏䝜᫬◚ቯ 䝅䝍䝹㫽ᒃ䝜ᰕ䞀グᛕ 䝜䝍䝯඼൷౑⏝䝇㻌䠄ෆഃ㠃䠅䠄ྑഃ䛾ᰕ䠅 Ὑ䠄᭱ୖ㒊, ྑ䛸ྜ䜟䛫䛶䛂Ὑᚰ䛃䠅 ᫛࿴୕ᖺ༑᭶༑஑᪥ ᘓタ䠋┦ᕞྜྷ℈䠋బ⸨㝯ྜྷ㻌㻌䠄ෆഃ㠃䠅 ᡭỈ⯋䛜㟈⅏䛻䜘䛳䛶ቯ䜜䛯㫽ᒃ䛾ṧ㧁䛷㐀䜙䜜䛯䛣䛸䛜ศ䜛.ᕥഃ䛾▼ᰕ䛾⿬䛻ᮌᮐ䛜䛛䛛䜚, 䛂᫛࿴ ஬༑஬ᖺ஑᭶ᨵಟ䛃䛸䛒䜛. (2) ᪥ⶈ᐀௖⌧ᑎ䠄ఀᮾᕷ≀ぢ䜿ୣ䠅㻌 JR ఀᮾ⥺ఀᮾ㥐༡ᮾ⣙ 1.4km 䛾ఀᮾᕷᙺᡤ䛻 ᅗ 11㻌 ఀᮾᆅᇦ 㞄᥋䛩䜛ᑎ㝔䛷䛒䜛. ┴㐨 110 ྕ⥺䛾ゅᒇ㓇ᗑ䠄✄ Fig.11㻌 Ito㻌 area. ⴥ㑰䠅䛛䜙┿䛳┤䛠䛻༡᪉ྥ䛻ධ䜛䛸ḟ➨䛻ᆏ㐨䛸䛺䜚, ༡ጁἲⶈ⳹⤒䛸้䜎䜜䛯኱䛝䛺▼☃䛜䛒䜛. 䛭䛾 3-3㻌 ఀᮾᆅᇦ䠄ᅗ 11䠅 ⬥䛾㝵ẁ䜢ୖ䛳䛶䜖䛟䛸ோ⋤㛛䛻฿╔䛩䜛. ோ⋤㛛䛟䛪䜏 (1) ⴱぢ⚄♫䠄ఀᮾᕷ㤿ሙ⏫ 1 ୎┠䠅䜢ධ䜛䛸ྑഃ䛻៘㟋☃䛜㞟䜑䜙䜜䛯ሙᡤ䛜䛒䜛䠄ᅗ 13䠅. ᅗ䛾䜘䛖䛻 2 䛴䛾஬㍯ሪ䛸 3 䛴䛾▼☃䛸 1 䛴䛾㻌 JR ఀᮾ⥺ఀᮾ㥐༡༡ᮾ⣙ 1.3km 䛻䛒䜛. ఀᮾ኱ ▼ⅉ⡲䛜ᘓ䛳䛶䛔䜛. (a)(b)䛿㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏, (c)(d)䛿 ᕝ䠄ᯇᕝ䠅䛻ᯫ䛛䜛ᒸᶫ䜢Ώ䜚┿䛳┤䛠ᮾ䛻✺䛝ᙜ䛯 ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛≛≅⪅䛾៘㟋☃䛷䛒䜛. ୍␒ྑഃ䛾䛳䛯䛸䛣䜝䛻⚄♫䛜䛒䜛. ⚄♫䛾⏤⥴䛻䜒䛒䜛䜘䛖䛻, ஬㍯ሪ䛿ඖ࿴, ⅉ⡲䛿ኳ᫂䛾㐀❧䛷㟈⅏䛸䛿↓㛵 ቃෆ䛻䛿኱ᴋ䛜䛒䜚, ඖ㤳┦䛾ⱝᵳ♩ḟ㑻䛜ᘓ䛶䛯 ಀ䛾䜘䛖䛷䛒䜛. ⪁ᴋ䜢ㆭ䛘䜛☃䜒䛒䜛. ᮏẊྑ䜟䛝䛾ᡭỈ⯋䛻㟈⅏ ୓㟋ሪ䠄෗┿ a䠅䛾グ㘓䛜้䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛䠄ᅗ 12䠅䠄ṇ㠃䠅 ᡭỈ⯋ ኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ஑᭶୍᪥༗๓༑୍᫬஬༑ඵศ㛵ᮾ኱ᆅ 䠄ᕥഃ䛾▼ᰕ䠅㟈䜰䝸⿕ᐖ⚄ዉᕝ⦩䞀୰ᚰ䝖䝅䝔࿘ᅖභ⦩ୗ䝙ཬ䝦 ᚰ㻌䠄ṇ㠃᭱ୖ㒊䠅䝸ᑵ୰௃℈䝜⿕ᐖ⏒኱䝙䝅䝔䠋ᐙᒇ኱༙↝ஸ䝅⇨Ṛ Ṉᰕ䝝኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ஑᭶ ⪅༑㣾୓䞀ฟ䝅㈈㈌䝜ᦆኻⓒ൨䞀㉸䝴䝖䜲䝣඼እᘓ ≀䝜ಽ₽㐨㊰ᶫᱱ䝜◚ቯ➼⿕ᐖ຾䝔ᩝ䝣䝦䜹䝷䝇␜ ᫬䠋ᡃ䜹ఀᮾ⏫䝝኱ὠᾉ䝙く䝝䝺䝔Ẹᐙከᩘὶኻ 䝅ṡṚ⪅ඵ༑ᅄྡ䞀ฟ䝉䝸Ṉእ௚⹦䝙᪊䝔᝺Ṛ䝉䝹䝰䝜㈇യᚋᩘ᪥䝙䝅䝔Ṛ䝉䝹䝰䝜䞀ຍ䝣䝺䝞඼ᩘᐿ 䝙ኒⓒ䠋஬ྡ෶᝺ᝒ③அ䞀ㄒ䝹䝙ᚸ䝠䝇ཬ䝏୍࿘ ᚷ㏣ᘫἲ᭳䝙㝿䝅ሗᆅⲮཝ䝙ᨃ䝉䞁䜹䝍䝯⥬⣲༑ᩘ ྡᡸ㖊ಟ⾜䞀Ⅽ䝅䝔ί㈈䞀㞟䝯ᑌሪኒᇶ䞀㐀❧䝅ඖ 䠋⚘༑භᖺ䝜኱ᆅ㟈⨯⅏ṡṚ⪅䝜౪㣴ሪ䝖ඹ䝙அ䞀 Ṉ⹦䝙Ᏻ⨨䝅䝍䝸㢪䜽䝝㛗䜽Ṉ䝜≛≅⪅䝜ෞ⚟䞀♳䝸 ే䝉䝔௒᪥௨ᚋ᪁䝹⅏ᐖ䝜᚟䝠↓䜻஦䞀⚏䝸䠋ୟ䝒 Ṉ䝜኱ኳ⅏䞀ᛀ䝺䝇᪥ᖖ୙᫬䝜⅏ㆰ䝙⹦䝇䝹䝁䝖䞀ᛕ 䝖䝅⮬௚䝜฼┈䞀ᘔ䝷䝅䝯ἲ⏺ⴙ㟋ᘔྥ䝉䝷䝺䞁䝁䝖䞀 ᅗ 12㻌 ⴱぢ⚄♫䛾ᡭỈ⯋ ༡ጁἲⶈ⳹⤒ Fig.12 㻌 A dedicatory washstand at Kuzumi Shrine in 䠄ᕥഃ㠃䠅 Ito. ኱ṇ༑୕ᖺඵ᭶ᘓஅ. - 23 -.

(8) ᅗ 13㻌 ௖⌧ᑎ䛾ோ⋤㛛ᶓ䛻䛒䜛㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛸ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾៘㟋☃⩌ Fig.13 Memorial towers near Nio-Gate of㻌 Butsugen-ji Temple in Ito erected for the souls of victims due to the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake and the 1703 Genroku Earthquake. 䠄ྑഃ㠃䠅 ஑᭶୍᪥䞀ᛀ䝺䝹䝘㉁ᐿ๛೺䝜኱ペ䞀Ᏺ䝸䝔ᖖ䝙᭱ၿ䝜஦䝙ᚑ䝠௨䝔≛ ≅⪅䝜㟋䞀៘䝮䝦䝅䠋Ṉ᪥㓇↮䞀⚗䝅ዪ䝝≉䝙⣚⢊ 䞀ᘄ䝅䝔ᖖ䝙ཤⴆᑵᐿ䝜⪷᪨ዊ㧓䝙ດ䝮䝦䝅䠋኱ᆅ 㟈䝜㝿䝝ⅆ䝜ඖ⏝ᚰ➨୍䝙⪁ᗂ┦ᢇ䜿䝔Ᏻ඲䝘䝹㧗ᆅ䝙㑊㞴䝇䝦䝅 ୍࿘ᚷ䜢๓䛻ᘓ䛶䜙䜜䛯䜒䛾䛷, ᙜ᫬䛾ఀᮾ⏫䛷䛿ὠἼ䛷ከ䛟䛾Ẹᐙ䛜ὶኻ䛧䛶 84 ྡ䛾Ṛ⪅䜢ฟ䛧, 䛥䜙䛻௚ᡤ䛷䛾Ṛ⪅䜔䛧䜀䜙䛟⤒䛳䛶䛛䜙䛾Ṛ⪅䜢ຍ 䛘䜛䛸 105 ྡ䛾≛≅⪅䛜ฟ䛯䛸᭩䛛䜜䛶䛔䜛. 䜎䛯䛂஑᭶୍᪥䞀ᛀ䝺䝹䝘䛃䛾ゝⴥ䛸䛭䜜௨ୗ䛾ᩥ❶䛻䛿, ஧ᗘ䛸䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺⿕ᐖ䜢ฟ䛩䜎䛔䛸䛔䛖ே䚻䛾Ỵព䛸㢪䛔䛜ឤ䛨䜙䜜䜛. ஬㍯ሪ䠄෗┿ b䠅㻌㻌 ஬㍯ሪ䛿, ୗ䛛䜙᪉ᙧ䠙ᆅ㍯, ෇ᙧ䠙Ỉ㍯, ୕ゅᙧ 䠙ⅆ㍯, ༙᭶ᙧ䠙㢼㍯, ᐆ⌔ᙧ䠙✵㍯䛾஬㍯䛛䜙䛺䜚, Ỉ㍯, ᆅ㍯䛻௨ୗ䛾䜘䛖䛺グ㍕䛜䛒䜛.. 䠄ṇ㠃䠅㻌㻌㻌㻌 ༡↓ጁἲⶈ⳹⤒䠄Ỉ㍯䠅 ኱㟈⅏ṡṚ⪅౪㣴ሪ䠄ᆅ㍯䠅䠄ྑഃ㠃䠅㢪௨Ṉຌᚨᬑཬ᪊୍ษ䠄Ỉ㍯䠅 ᡸ㖊ಟᴗཧຍேྡ ⓐ㉳㻌 ష⌧ᑎ㻌 ᪥ோ 㝶႐㻌 ጁἲᑎ㻌 ᪥ཌ ྠ㻌㻌 షගᑎ㻌 ᪥㏱ ྠ㻌㻌 ጁᙗ㻌 ὈΎ ྠ㻌㻌 Ἃᙗ㻌 ⩏ಟ 䠄௨ୗཧຍಙᚐ 7 ே䛾ྡ๓䠅䠄ᆅ㍯䠅䠄ᕥഃ㠃䠅 ᡃ➼⯅⾗⏕ⓙಢᡂష㐨䠄Ỉ㍯䠅䠄ಙᚐ 14 ே䛾ྡ๓䠅䠄ᆅ㍯䠅㻌䠄⿬㠃䠅 ኱ṇ༑୕ᖺ஑᭶୍᪥ᘓ❧அ䠄Ỉ㍯䠅㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌 ኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ஑᭶୍᪥༗䠋๓༑୍᫬஬༑ඵศ㛵ᮾ䠋 ኱ᆅ㟈䜰䝸௃℈኱༙↝䠋ኻ⇨Ṛ༑㣾୓ᡃఀᮾ⏫. - 24 -.

(9) ஼୙ᖾ኱ᾏთ䝙く䝝䝺䠋ṡṚ⪅ඵ༑ᅄྡ䞀ฟ䝉䝸ཬ䝏୍࿘ᚷ㏣ᘫἲ᭳䠋⹥ಟ䝜◅ᡸ㖊ಟ⾜䝅ί ㈈䞀㞟䝯䝔Ṉ䝜ᑌሪ䞀䠋㐀❧䝅௨䝔ྛ⢭㟋䝜ሗ ᆅⲮཝ䝙ᨃ䝇䝹䝰䝜ஓ㻌䠄ᆅ㍯䠅㻌 ௖⌧ᑎ䜔ጁἲᑎ, ௖ගᑎ䛺䛹䛾ൔ౶୪䜃䛻ಙᚐ 䛜୍࿘ᚷ㏣ᘫἲ఍䛾䛯䜑䛻ᡸ㖊䛧ί㈈䜢㞟䜑䛶ᘓ ❧䛧䛯஬㍯ሪ䛷䛒䜛. ⿬㠃ᆅ㍯䛾ෆᐜ䛿ඛ䛻ㄝ᫂䛧䛯୓㟋ሪ䛸䜋䜌ྠ䛨ෆᐜ䛷䛣䛣䛻䜒Ṛ⪅ 84 ྡ䛸᭩䛛䜜䛶䛔䜛.㻌ゎㄞ䛻ᙜ䛯䛳䛶䛿, ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍䛛䜙ᣅᮏ㈨ᩱ䜢ᥦ౪䛔䛯䛰䛝ཧ⪃䛻䛧䛯. ≉䛻஬㍯ሪ 䛾ᆅ㍯䛾⿬㠃䛿⫗║䛷ุู䛷䛝䛺䛔㒊ศ䛜ከ䛔. ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛻㛵䛩䜛 2 䛴䛾▼☃䛾䛖䛱, ኱䛝䛔᪉(d) 䛿, ඖ䛿⋪㡲⨾ᾏᓊ䠄࿴⏣䛾ᒣ䜈䛔᪑㤋௜㏆䠅䛻ᘓ 䛳䛶䛔䛯䜒䛾䛸ゝ䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛[㟼ᒸ┴(1996)]. 䛣䛾௚ 䛻, ோ⋤㛛䛛䜙ධ䛳䛶ṇ㠃䛻䛒䜛ᖖ⤒ᇽ䛾⿬䛾ẝἋ 㛛ᇽ䛾๓䛻, 䛂᪥ⶈ኱⳶⸃䛃䛸᭩䛛䜜䛯஬㍯ሪ䛜䛒䜛. ☃ᩥ䛻䛿ྡ୺ᐙ䛾ᙜ୺䛜ᑠ⏣ཎ䛻බ⏝䛻ฟ䛛䛡䛶䛔䜛᭱୰䛻ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ⅆ஦䛷ஸ䛟䛺䛳䛯䛣䛸䛜᭩ 䛛䜜䛶䛔䜛. 䛣䜜䜙 3 䛴䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿௜㘓䛻☃ᩥ䜢グ㍕䛩䜛.. ゅᒇ㓇ᗑ䛾ᗑ୺䛾ヰ䛷䛿, ᗑ୺䛾᭯♽∗䛾᫬䛰䛳䛯. 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾๓ᖺ䛻ᐙ䜢᪂⠏䛧䛯䛜ᆅ㟈䛷඲ ₽䛧䛯. ෌ᘓ䛾᫬, 䛽䛨䜜䛯ᰕ䜢グᛕ䛻⏝䛔䛶෌ᘓ 䛧䛯䛸䛔䛖ヰ䜢⪺䛔䛶䛔䜛. 䛭䛾䜘䛖䛺ே䛰䛳䛯䛾䛷኱ ᕝ䛾ᶫ䛾ḍᖸ䜒グᛕ䛻䜒䛳䛶䛝䛯䛾䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸䛾䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛. (4) ᚰᴥᒣ䜈䛔䠄ఀᮾᕷ࿴⏣䠍୎┠䠅 JR ఀᮾ⥺ఀᮾ㥐༡ᮾ⣙ 1km 䛻䛒䜛. ఀᮾᕷᩍ ⫱ጤဨ఍(2007䠅䛻䜘䜜䜀, ࿴⏣὾䛻䛒䛳䛯 10 ᮏᯇ 䛜㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾ὠἼ䛷ὶ䛥䜜ṧ䛳䛯୍ᮏ䛜ᪧ䛂ᒣ䜈䛔䛃᪑㤋䛾ᩜᆅ䛻ṧ䛳䛶䛔䜛䠄ᅗ 15䠅. ⌧ᅾ䜒ᮾఀ㇋㐨㊰䛻㠃䛩䜛᪑㤋䛾⬥䜢ධ䛳䛯䛸䛣䜝䛻䠍ᮏṧ䛳䛶䛔䜛䛾䜢☜ㄆ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛. ᪑㤋䛂ᒣ䜈䛔䛃䛿ඛ䛾✄ ⴥ㑰䛾ศᐙ➽䛷䛒䛳䛯䛜, 8 ᖺ๓䛻᪑㤋䛾⤒Ⴀ䛜ኚ 䜟䜚, 10 ᮏᯇ䛾ㄝ᫂ᩥ䛺䛹ᪧᒣ䜈䛔᪑㤋䛻䛒䛳䛯㛵 ಀ㈨ᩱ䛾⾜᪉䛿୙᫂䛷䛒䜛.. ᅗ 15㻌 ᚰᴥᒣ䜈䛔䛻ṧ䜛ὠἼ䛻⪏䛘䛯ᯇ Fig.15 A pine tree survived from the tsunami of the Kanto earthquake in Yamahei-Hotel of Ito. ᅗ 14㻌ゅᒇ㓇ᗑ䛻ಖᏑ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛኱ᕝᶫ䛾ḍᖸ Fig.14 A part of the Okawa-bridge destroyed by the tsunami preserved in Kadoya-store of Ito. 䛛䛹䜔. (3) ゅᒇ(✄ⴥ㑰䠅䠄ఀᮾᕷ࿴⏣䠎୎┠䠅㻌 JR ఀᮾ⥺ఀᮾ㥐༡ᮾ⣙ 1.2km 䛻䛒䜛. 䛂ఀᮾᕷ ྐ䛰䜘䜚䛃➨ 8 ྕ[ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍(2007䠅]䛻䜘䜜䜀, 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾㝿䛾ὠἼ䛜ఀᮾ኱ᕝ䜢㐳ୖ䛧, ⌧ ᅾ䛾ᅜ㐨 135 ྕ⥺䛻ᯫ䛛䜛኱ᕝᶫ䛾ḍᖸ䛜ᢡ䜜䛯. 䛭䛾ḍᖸ䛜ゅᒇ㓇ᗑ䛻ಖᏑ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠄ᅗ 14䠅.. (5) 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍(2005)䛻䜘䜜䜀, ఀᮾ䛾ᕷ⾤ ᆅ䛻䛿 3 䛛ᡤ䛻ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑䛜䛒䜛䛿䛪䛷䛒䜛. 䛣䛾䛖䛱⋪㡲ぢ䛾ἲ⯪ᑎ䠄ఀᮾᕷⰪ⏫䠅௜㏆䛻䛒䜛䛿䛪䛾ᶆ㆑䛿Ⓨぢ䛷䛝䛺䛛䛳䛯䠄ㄽᩥᮎᑿ䛾㏣グ ཧ↷䠅. ▼ⅉ⡲䝞䝇೵⬥䛻䛒䜛䜒䛾䛸, ௖ගᑎ๓䛾ᑠ 㐨䜢໭す䛻ධ䛳䛯ᕥഃ䛾⋪㡲ぢᕷ❧ඣ❺㤋๓䠄ఀ ᮾᕷ࿴⏣䠍୎┠䠅䛻䛒䜛䜒䛾䛿☜ㄆ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䠄ᅗ 16, 17䠅. 䛸䜒䛻ྠ䛨ᶆ㆑䛷, ௨ୗ䛾䜘䛖䛻グ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛.. - 25 -.

(10) ᅗ 16㻌 ▼ⅉ⡲䝞䝇ீᶓ䛻䛒䜛ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ Fig.16 A mark of tsunami flooding at Ishidoro bus stop in Ito.. 䛶䛔䜛. ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍䠄2005䠅䛷䜒ྠᵝ䛾ᣦ᦬ 䜢䛧, 䛥䜙䛻䛂⯪䛾䜋䜙䛃䛾ᑐᓊ䛻ሯ⏣䛸䛔䛖ሙᡤ䛜䛒䜚, 䛭䛣䛻ὠἼᆅⶶ䛸࿧䜀䜜䜛▼ሪ䛜䛒䛳䛯䛸䛔䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛䛜, ▼ሪ䜒ὠἼ䛻㛵䛩䜛቎▼䜒㙊⏣䛻䛿ぢ䛴䛛䜙䛺䛔䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛. 䛣䛾ὠἼᆅⶶ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿, 㟼ᒸ ┴(1996)䛜ᅾ䜚䛧᪥䛾෗┿䜢ᥖ㍕䛧, 䛭䜒䛭䜒ሯ⏣䛸䛔䛖ᆅྡ䛿ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾ὠἼ䛷ὶ䜜╔䛔䛯ከᩘ䛾⁒ Ṛ⪅䜢ᇙⴿ䛧䛯ሙᡤ䛷䛒䜛䛸ᣦ᦬䛧, ⌧ᅾ, ὠἼᆅ ⶶ䛾ᡤᅾ䛿୙᫂䛷䛒䜛䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛. 䛣䜜䛻ᑐ䛧䛶ᑠ㔝䞉㒔ྖ(2008)䛿, ྠᆅ༊䛾 JA 㟼 ᒸ⇞ᩱ䝃䞊䝡䝇䛾䜺䝋䝸䞁䝇䝍䞁䝗䛾ᩜᆅ䛻䛒䜛┿᪂ 䛧䛔౪㣴ሪ䛜ὠἼᆅⶶ䛾㊧䛻ᘓ䛶䜙䜜䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜝䛖䛸ᣦ᦬䛧䛶䛔䜛. ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍䠄2005䠅䛷䜒䛣䛾౪㣴ሪ䜢ᕳᮎ䛾䛂▼㐀≀୍ぴ⾲䛃䛻ᥖ㍕䛧䛶䛔䜛䛜ᘓ❧ᖺ䛺䛹䛿᭩䛛䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔. ▼☃䛻䛿☜䛛䛻, ṇ㠃䛻䛂ඖ⚘༑භᖺ኱ὠἼ㻌 ♳㟈⅏≛≅⪅䛾ෞ⚟䛃䛸䛒䜚, ⿬㠃䛻䛂䛒䛔䜙ఀ㇋㎰ᴗ༠ྠ⤌ྜ䛃䛸᭩䛛䜜䛶䛔䜛. 㙊⏣ᆅ༊䛾༡ఀᮾ㥐࿘㎶䛿, ᅗ 11 䛻䛒䜛ᒸᶫ䜘䜚䛥䜙䛻 1km ௨ୖୖὶ䛻఩⨨䛧, ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾ὠἼ䛜䛭䛣䜎䛷㐳ୖ䛧䛯䛸䛩䜜䜀, 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾ὠἼ䛻ẚ 䜉䛶䛛䛺䜚኱䛝䛺つᶍ䛷䛒䛳䛯䛸᥎ᐃ䛥䜜䜛.. ᅗ 17㻌 ⋪㡲ぢඣ❺㤋๓䛻䛒䜛ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ Fig.17㻌 A mark of tsunami flooding at Kuzumi Child Hall in Ito. 䠄ṇ㠃䠅኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䠋䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈⅬ 䠄ୖ㠃䠅䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈⅬ 䠄ᕥ㠃䠅᫛࿴භ༑஧ᖺ༑୍᭶䠋ఀᮾᕷ 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛻䜘䜛ὠἼ䛷䛿┴㐨 110 ྕ⥺௜㏆䜎䛷ᾐỈ䛧, ᅜ㐨 135 ྕ⥺䛾኱ᕝᶫ௜㏆䛷䛿ḍᖸ䛻 ⯪䛜䜆䛴䛛䛳䛯䛣䛸䛛䜙䛥䜙䛻ୖὶ㒊䜎䛷ᾐỈ䛧䛯䜘䛖䛷䛒䜛. ヲ䛧䛔ᾐỈᇦ䛿ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍(2007䠅䛻グ㍕䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛. ୍᪉, ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾ὠἼ䛾㧗䛥䜔ᾐỈᇦ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿, ᑠ㔝䞉㒔ྖ(2008)䛜㙊⏣ᆅ༊䛷ㄪᰝ䛧, ➇㍯ሙ 䛾䜔䜔ୗὶ䛻䛒䜛䛂⯪䛾䜋䜙䛃䛂ᷳ䜿ῡ䛃䛜ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾 ὠἼ䛾౵ධ䛻䜎䛴䜟䜛ᆅྡ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛔䛖ᩥ⊩䜢⤂௓䛧. ᅗ 18㻌 ᕝዉᆅᇦ Fig.18㻌 Kawana㻌 area. 3-4㻌 ᕝዉᆅᇦ䠄ᅗ 18䠅 (1) ᭪Ὕ᐀ᾏⶶᑎ䠄ఀᮾᕷᕝዉ䠅㻌 ఀ㇋ᛴ⥺ᕝዉ㥐䛛䜙ᕝዉ 䛾᪉ྥ䜈ᆏ䜢ୗ䜚ᮾ䜈 ⣙ 600m 䛾ᡤ䛻䛒䜛. ᮏᇽ䛻㏻䛨䜛▼ẁ䛾ୗ䛛䜙 7 ẁ┠௜㏆䛾ྑഃ䛻㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛻䜘䜛ὠἼᾐỈⅬ䛾 ᶆ㆑䛜䛒䜛䠄ᅗ 19䠅. 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ 䠄ṇ㠃䠅኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䠋䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈⅬ. - 26 -.

(11) 㟼ᒸ┴(1996)䛻䜘䜜䜀, ᕝዉᆅ༊䛷䜒ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛻㛵䛩䜛౪㣴☃䛜᭪Ὕ᐀ᜨቃ㝔䛻䛒䜛. ඖ䛿㏆䛟䛾 ᕝዉ㞟ⴠ䛻ᯘග㝔䛸䛔䛖ᑎ㝔䛜䛒䜚, 䛭䛾኱㛛䛻䛒䛳䛯䜒䛾䛜, 1918䠄኱ṇ 5䠅ᖺ䛻ᯘග㝔䛜ᗫᑎ䛸䛺䛳䛶 ᜨቃ㝔䛸ྜే䛧, ⌧ᅾ䛾㧗ྎ䛾ቃෆᆅ䜈䛸⛣ື䛧䛯. ౪㣴☃䜒䛭䛾㝿䛻⛣㌿䛧䛯䛸䛔䛖. ☃ᩥ䛿௜㘓䛻ᥖ ㍕䛩䜛.. 䠄ୖ㠃䠅䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈⅬ 䠄ᕥ㠃䠅᫛࿴භ༑஧ᖺ༑୍᭶䠋ఀᮾᕷ. ᅗ 19㻌 ᾏⶶᑎ䛾㝵ẁ䛻䛒䜛ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ Fig.19 A mark of tsunami flooding at stone steps of Kaizo-ji Temple in Kawana. 㻌 ඛ䛻♧䛧䛯ఀᮾᕷ⾤ᆅ䛻䛒䛳䛯 2 ᆅⅬ䠄▼ⅉ⡲䝞䝇 ೵๓䛚䜘䜃⋪㡲ぢඣ❺㤋๓䠅䛾䜒䛾䛸ྠ䛨䛷䛒䜛. ▼ ẁ䛿඲㒊䛷 22 ẁ䛒䜚, 㟼ᒸ┴(1996)䛻䜘䜜䜀, ඖ⚘ ᆅ㟈䛷䛿ୖ䛛䜙ᩘ䛘䛶 3 ẁ┠䜎䛷ᾐỈ䛧䛯䛸䛾ᑎఏ 䛜䛒䜚, ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾ὠἼ䛾᪉䛜䜘䜚㧗䛛䛳䛯䛣䛸䛜ศ 䜛. (2) ᕝዉ⁺ ୖ䠄ఀᮾᕷᕝዉ䠅㻌 ᾏⶶᑎ䛸඲䛟ྠ䛨ᙧᘧ䛾ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑䛜⁺ ୖ䛾ୖཎၟᗑ䜢㏻䜚㐣䛞䛯䛸䛣䜝䛻䛒䜛. 㻌. ᅗ 21㻌 ⶈ╔ᑎ๓䛻䛒䜛ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ Fig.21㻌 A mark of tsunami flooding in front of Renchaku-ji Temple at Futo. 3-5㻌 ඵᖭ㔝࿘㎶ᆅᇦ䠄ᅗ 20䠅 (1) 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑ ఀ㇋ᛴ⥺ఀ㇋㧗ཎ㥐ᮾ⣙ 2.5km 䛾ⶈ╔ᑎ๓䠄ఀ ᮾᕷᐩᡞ䠅䛸༡す⣙ 1.1km 䛾ඵᖭ㔝 ๓䠄ఀᮾᕷඵ ᖭ㔝䠅䛻ὠἼᾐỈᆅⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑䛜䛒䜛. 䛔䛪䜜䜒ᾏᓊ 䛛䜙䛭䜜䜋䛹㞳䜜䛯䛸䛣䜝䛷䛿䛺䛟, 䛂ᆅ㟈䠋ὠἼ䛃䛾 ┳ᯈ䜒ྵ䜑䛶୧⪅䛿ྠ䛨ᙧᘧ䛾ᶆ㆑䛷䛒䜛䠄ᅗ 21䠅. ▼☃䛻䛿௨ୗ䛾䜘䛖䛻グ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛. 䠄ṇ㠃䠅኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䠋䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈⅬ 䠄ୖ㠃䠅䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈⅬ 䠄ᕥ㠃䠅᫛࿴භ༑୕ᖺ୐᭶䠋ఀᮾᕷ. ᅗ 20㻌 ඵᖭ㔝࿘㎶ᆅᇦ Fig.20㻌 Yahatano㻌 area.. (2) ᭪Ὕ᐀኱Ụ㝔቎ᆅ䠄ఀᮾᕷඵᖭ㔝䠅 ఀ㇋ᛴ⥺ఀ㇋㧗ཎ㥐す⣙ 1km 䛻኱Ụ㝔䛜䛒䜚, 䛭䛾⿬ᒣ䛾቎ᆅ䛻៘㟋☃䛜䛒䜛䠄ᅗ 22䠅. 㛵ᮾ㟈⅏ṡṚ⪅቎ 䠄ṇ㠃䠅㛵ᮾ㟈⅏ṡṚ⪅቎ 䠄⿬㠃䠅 ኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ஑᭶୍᪥኱㟈⅏㐼㞴Ṛ⪅. - 27 -.

(12) (3) ᭪Ὕ᐀Ύ᭶㝔቎ᆅ䠄ఀᮾᕷ㉥ἑ䠅㻌 ఀ㇋ᛴ⥺ఀ㇋㧗ཎ㥐༡す⣙ 3.2km 䛻Ύ᭶㝔䛜䛒䜚, 䛭䛾቎ᆅ䛾୰⭡䛻៘㟋☃䛜䛒䜛䠄ᅗ 23䠅. 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏⁻╔Ṛయஅ቎ 䠄ṇ㠃䠅㛵ᮾ㟈⅏⁻╔Ṛయஅ቎ 䠄⿬㠃䠅 ኱ṇ༑஧ᖺ஑᭶୍᪥㟈⅏ ␜㉥ἑ༊ ᱵཎṇḟ㑻ᘓஅ 㻌 ኱Ụ㝔䛾☃䛸ྠᵝ, ⁻╔㑇య䛾៘㟋䛻ᘓ䛶䜙䜜䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛. Ύ᭶㝔䛿⌧ᅾ↓ఫ䛷, ఀ㇋኱ᕝ䛾㱟㇏㝔䛜⟶⌮䛧䛶䛔䜛. ᇛ䜿ᓮᩥ໬㈨ᩱ㤋䛾㧗ᶫ୍அẶ 䛛䜙, ㉥ἑ䛾ྂ⪁䛾ヰ䛸䛧䛶, 㟈⅏䛾᫬䛻䛿ఀᮾ᪉ 㠃䛛䜙⟸➡䜔䝇䜲䜹䜔௖ቭ䛜ὶ䜜䛶䛝䛯. ὠἼ䛷㉥ ἑ䛾Ἀ䛾ᖹᓥ䛾᰿䜎䛷ぢ䛘䛯䛸䛔䛖ヰ䜢⪺䛔䛯.. භయ⁻╔ඵᖭ㔝ᾏᓊᅉᇙⴿୖ℩ᡞ ቎ᆅ⪋ယប㟋㨦Ⲯᄫሗᅵ⪅ஓ ኱ṇ༑୕ᖺඵ᭶୕༑୍᪥ ඵᖭ㔝༐᭷ᚿ⪅ᘓஅ㻌. ᅗ 22㻌 ኱Ụ㝔቎ᆅ䛻䛒䜛⁻ὶ㑇య䛾቎ Fig.22㻌 Memorial tower of㻌 Oe-in Temple in Yahatano erected for the soul of drifting victims. 㻌 ఫ⫋䛻䜘䜜䜀, ☃ᩥ୰䛾℩ᡞ䛿ᾏᓊ䛻㏆䛔ሙᡤ䛷䛒䜛. ౪㣴☃䛿᭱ึ䛛䜙௒䛾㧗ྎ䛻䛒䛳䛯䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛. ቎ᆅ䛿௒䜋䛹㛤Ⓨ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛺䛛䛳䛯䛜, ᭱ึ 䛛䜙≛≅⪅䜢᝿䛔ᾏ䛾ぢ䛘䜛㧗ྎ䛻ᘓ䛶䛯䛾䛰䜝䛖䛸䛾䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛. ⇕ᾏ䜔ఀᮾ䛺䛹䛻䛚䛔䛶Ṛஸ䛧ὠἼ 䛷⁻ὶ䛧䛶䛝䛯㑇య䛻ᑐ䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷, ᑞᓥᮧ䛾⿕ᐖ 䛿௚䛸ẚ䜉䛶኱䛝䛟䛺䛛䛳䛯䛸䛿ゝ䛘, ᙜ᫬䛾ே䚻䛾 ඃ䛧䛥䜢ឤ䛨䜛៘㟋☃䛷䛒䜛.. ᅗ 23㻌㟷᭶㝔቎ᆅ䛻䛒䜛⁻ὶ㑇య䛾቎ Fig.23㻌 Memorial tower of㻌 Seigetsu-in Temple at Akazawa erected for the soul of drifting victims.. §4. 䛚䜟䜚䛻㻌 ௒ᅇㄪᰝ䛧䛯ᆅᇦ䛿㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾⣙ 220 ᖺ๓䛻䜒 ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛻䜘䛳䛶኱䛝䛺ὠἼ⅏ᐖ䜢⿕䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊⾲ 1 䛻䛿, Ᏹబ⨾䛾⾜ⶈᑎ,㻌 ఀᮾ䛾௖⌧ᑎ,㻌 ᕝዉ䛾᝴ 㙾㝔䛾▼☃䛻้䜎䜜䛯Ṛ⪅ᩘ䜢ᑐᛂ䛩䜛⏫ᮧ䛾ḍ 䛻ຍ䛘䛯. ఱ䜜䜒⌧ᅾ䛾ఀᮾᕷᇦ䛷䛒䜛.㻌 ඛ䛻ఱᗘ 䛛㏙䜉䛯䜘䛖䛻ఀᮾᕷ䛷䛿,㻌 ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾ὠἼ䛾㧗䛥䛿,㻌㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾ὠἼ䛻ẚ䜉⥲䛨䛶㧗䛛䛳䛯䜘䛖䛷䛒䜛.㻌䜎䛯Ⓨ⏕᫬้䛜෤䛾┿ኪ୰䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛷,㻌㧗ྎ 䜈䛾㑊㞴䜒ᐜ᫆䛷䛿䛺䛛䛳䛯䜒䛾䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛.㻌䛣䜜䜙䛜ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛷ከ䛟䛾Ṛ⪅䜢ฟ䛧䛯せᅉ䛰䛳䛯䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛. ୍᪉,㻌䛭䜜䛛䜙 200 ᖺ௨ୖ䛜⤒㐣䛧䛯㛵ᮾ኱㟈 ⅏䛾ὠἼ䛻㝿䛧䛶,㻌䛭䛾⤒㦂䛜ዴఱ䛻⏕䛝䛯䛛䛿⯆ ࿡῝䛔ၥ㢟䛷䛒䜛. ⾲ 1 䛛䜙䜒ศ䜛䜘䛖䛻㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏ 䛾㝿䛻Ᏹబ⨾䛷䛿,㻌 ே䚻䛜ᆅ㟈䛾ᙉ䛔ᦂ䜜䛸ྠ᫬ 䛻୍᪩䛟㑊㞴䛧䛶୍ே䛾≛≅⪅䜢ฟ䛩䛣䛸䜒䛺䛛䛳䛯. ⣲᪩䛔㑊㞴⾜ື䛿,㻌 ᆅ㟈┤ᚋ䛻Ᏹబ⨾ᑜᖖᑠᏛᰯ 䛸ྠ㧗➼ᑠᏛᰯ䛾඲ᰯඣ❺䛻䜘䛳䛶᭩䛛䜜䛯సᩥ䛛䜙䜒䜘䛟ศ䜛[ᕷ❧ఀᮾᅗ᭩㤋(1994)]. 䛣䛾䛣䛸䛛䜙ඖ ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾⤒㦂䛜ఱ䜙䛛䛾ᙧ䛷Ᏹబ⨾ᮧ䛾ே䚻䛻ᾐ ㏱䛧䛶䛔䛯ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜䛒䜛. 䜒䛧௬䛻䛭䛖䛷䛒䜜䜀, ᙜ ᫬䛾ே䚻䛜ᚋୡ䛻ᩍカ䜢ఏ䛘䜛䛯䜑䛻ᘓ䛶䛯⾜ⶈᑎ 䛾୓㟋ሪ䜒䛭䛾ᙺ๭䜢ᯝ䛯䛧䛶᮶䛯䛣䛸䛻䛺䜛. 䛸䛣䜝䛜,㻌 ୍᪉䛷㟼ᒸ┴(1996)䛻䜘䜜䜀,㻌 ᭱㏆䛿⾜ⶈᑎ䛾୓㟋ሪ䛾䛣䛸䛿ᆅඖ䛷䜒㝈䜙䜜䛯ே䛧䛛▱ 䜙䛺䛔䛸䛔䛖. ౪㣴ሪ䜢ᘓ䛶䛯䛛䜙䛸䛔䛳䛶,㻌 ᙜ᫬䛾 ே䚻䛾ᛮ䛔䛜ᚋୡ䛻ఏ䜟䜛䛛䛸䛔䛖䛸䛭䛖⡆༢䛺䜒䛾. - 28 -.

(13) 䛷䛿䛺䛔䜘䛖䛷䛒䜛. 䛭䛾䛣䛸䛿,㻌㞄䛾ఀᮾ⏫䛷ඖ⚘ ᆅ㟈䛾ᩍカ䜢ఏ䛘䜛౪㣴ሪ䛜䛒䛳䛯䛻䜒㛵䜟䜙䛪㛵 ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛷䜒ከ䛟䛾≛≅⪅䛜ฟ䛯䛣䛸䜢ぢ䜜䜀䜘䛟ศ 䜛. 䛭䜒䛭䜒౪㣴ሪ䛜Ⓨ䛩䜛ᩍカ䛿ᘓ䛶䜙䜜䛯ሙᡤ䛷䛭䛾ᙺ๭䜢᭱኱㝈䛻Ⓨ᥹䛩䜛䛜,㻌 ᕝዉ䛾ᜨ㙾㝔䛾 ୓㟋ሪ䜔௖⌧ᑎ䛾౪㣴ሪ䛾䜘䛖䛻ᵝ䚻䛺஦᝟䛷⛣ ㌿䜢వ൤䛺䛟䛥䜜䜛ሙྜ䛜䛒䜛. 䜎䛯㙊⏣䛾ὠἼᆅⶶ 䛾䜘䛖䛻,㻌 ఱ᫬▱䜜䛪䛻ᡤᅾ୙᫂䛻䛺䛳䛶䛧䜎䛖䜒䛾䜒䛒䜛. 䜎䛯,㻌ゝ䛔ఏ䛘䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䛥䜙䛻䛭䛾༴㝤ᛶ 䛿㧗䛔䛛䜒䛧䜜䛺䛔. ౛䛘䜀,㻌 ᕝዉ䛾ᾏⶶᑎ䛾▼ẁ 䛻ṧ䜛ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾ゝ䛔ఏ䛘䛿,㻌 ඛ௦ఫ⫋䜎䛷䛿ఏ 䜟䛳䛶䛔䛯䛜,㻌 ➹⪅䛜ゼ䜜䛯㝿,㻌䛩䛷䛻⌧ᅾ䛾ఫ ⫋䛿䛤Ꮡ䛨䛷䛿䛺䛛䛳䛯. ㏆ᖺఀᮾᕷ䛿,㻌 ᮏ✏䛷䜒䛔䛟䛴䛛⤂௓䛧䛯䜘䛖䛻,㻌㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑䜢ᕷෆྛᆅ䛻タ ⨨䛧䛶ே䚻䛾ὠἼ䛻㛵䛩䜛ὀពႏ㉳䜢⾜䛳䛶䛔䜛. ኱ኚ⤖ᵓ䛺䛣䛸䛰䛸ᛮ䛖. 䛧䛛䛧䛺䛜䜙ఀᮾᕷᙺᡤ䛾㜵⅏ᢸᙜ⪅䛿 2010 ᖺ䛻➹⪅䛜☜ㄆ䛧䛯䛸䛣䜝䛷䛿,㻌 ௖⌧ᑎ䛻䛒䜛ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䜔㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾౪㣴ሪ䛾Ꮡ ᅾ䛩䜙▱䜙䛺䛛䛳䛯. 䜎䛯䛫䛳䛛䛟ᘓ䛶䜙䜜䛯㛵ᮾ኱ 㟈⅏䛾䛴䛺䜏ᾐỈⅬ䛾ᶆ㆑䜒ほග䛸䛾ව䛽ྜ䛔䛰䜝䛖䛛,㻌 ᕷ⾤ᆅ䛷䛿ඖ䚻┠❧䛯䛺䛔䜘䛖ᘓ䛶䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛 ୖ䛻, ⎔ቃ䛾ኚ໬䛻䜘䛳䛶ቑ䚻ᡤᅾ䛜ศ䜚㞴䛟䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䜘䛖䛻ぢ䛘䜛. ௖⌧ᑎ䛾౪㣴ሪ䛷䛿ẖᖺ,㻌 ⋪㡲⨾ᆅ༊䛾⏫ෆ఍ 䛜㞟䜎䜚௖⌧ᑎ䛸䛸䜒䛻㏣ၿ౪㣴䛜⾜䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛.㻌䛣䛾䛣䛸䛿༞ሪ፠䛻㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏, ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈, Ᏻᨻᖺ㛫䛾ᆅ㟈䠄Ᏻᨻᮾᾏᆅ㟈䛛䠛䠅䛸᭩䛛䜜䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛛䜙䜒ศ䜛.㻌䛷䛝䜜䜀䛥䜙䛻⠊ᅖ䜢ᗈ䛢䛶ᕷᙺᡤ䛾㜵⅏ ᢸᙜ⪅䜔Ꮫᰯ㛵ಀ⪅,㻌䛥䜙䛻Ꮚ౪䛯䛱䜒ཧຍ䛧䛶≛ ≅⪅䜢౪㣴䛧㜵⅏䜢ㄋ䛔䛒䛖㞟䛔䜢ᐇ᪋䛩䜛䛟䜙䛔䛾䛣䛸䛿䛒䛳䛶䜒䜘䛔䛛䜒䛧䜜䛺䛔.㻌䛭䛾䜘䛖䛺᫬䛻䛿,㻌 ඵᖭ㔝䜔㉥ἑ䛻䛒䜛⁻ὶ㑇య䛻ᑐ䛩䜛៘㟋☃䛾䜘䛖䛻, ᙜ᫬䛾ே䚻䛜ඃ䛧䛔Ẽᣢ䛱䜢䜒䛳䛶⿕⅏⪅䛻᥋ 䛧䛶䛔䛯䛣䛸䜒ྠ᫬䛻ఏ䛘䛶ḧ䛧䛔䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛.㻌 ࿨䜢 ⴠ䛸䛩䜘䛖䛺኱䛝䛺⿕ᐖ䜢ཷ䛡䛺䛔䜘䛖䛻᪥㡭䛛䜙ഛ 䛘䜛䛣䛸䛿䜒䛱䜝䜣䛷䛒䜛䛜, ᚟⯆䛾㝿䛻䛿䛚஫䛔ຓ 䛡ྜ䛖ඃ䛧䛔Ẽᣢ䛱䛜୙ྍḞ䛰䛛䜙䛷䛒䜛. 㻌 ᮏ ✏ 䛷 ๪ 㢟䛻䛧䛯䇾 ⅏ ᐖ ᩍ カ䛿 ⏕ 䛛䛥䜜䛶䛝䛯䛛䠛䇿䛸䛔䛖ၥ䛔䛻ᑐ䛧, ᑗ᮶䛾ᆅ㟈䛻㝿䛧䛶䇾⏕䛛䛥䜜䛶䛝䛯䇿䛸ゝ䛘䜛䛯䜑䛻䛿䛺䛚୍ᒙ䛾ດຊ䛜ᚲせ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢ᙉ䛟ឤ䛨䜛ḟ➨䛷䛒䜛.. ㅰ㎡ ᮏㄪᰝ䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䛿,㻌 ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍䛾㔠Ꮚ ᾈஅẶ䛻㛵㐃㈨ᩱ䛾ᥦ౪䛺䛹䛧䛶䛔䛯䛰䛔䛯.㻌䜎䛯, ίಙᑎఫ⫋ᒣཱྀᫀᘅẶ䛻䛿ྠᑎ䛾Ṕྐ䛻㛵䛩䜛㈨ ᩱᥦ౪䜢䛔䛯䛰䛔䛯. 䜎䛯⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䛿ఀ ㇋༙ᓥ䝆䜸䝟䞊䜽஦ົᒁ䛾㕥ᮌ㞝௓Ặ䛺䜙䜃䛻䇾䜂䜙䛴䛛㜵⅏䜎䛱䛵䛟䜚䛾఍䇿䛾䝯䞁䝞䞊䛾༠ຊ䜢ᚓ䛯.㻌 ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䛾㐣⛬䛷䛚ୡヰ䛻䛺䛳䛯ከ䛟䛾ᆅඖ䛾 ᪉䚻䜒ྵ䜑ⓙᵝ䛻ᚰ䜘䜚ឤㅰ䛔䛯䛧䜎䛩. ᑐ㇟ᆅ㟈䠖 1923 ᖺ኱ṇ㛵ᮾᆅ㟈 ᩥ㻌 ⊩ ஭ୖබኵ, 2008, ➨Ϩ㒊, ➨ 3 ❶㻌㟈⅏ᆅᛂᛴ ᅗ ཎᅗ䛸ᅵ◁⅏ᐖ, ➨ II 㒊, 㟈⅏ᛂᛴ ᅗཎᅗ䛸 ᅵ◁⅏ᐖ, 䛄ᆅᅗ䛻䜏䜛㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛅ᅗ㘓䠄Ṕྐ ᆅ 㟈 ◊ ✲ ఍ ⦅ 䠅 , ᪥ ᮏ ᆅ ᅗ 䝉䞁䝍䞊 , 18-39, 50-61. ⩚㫽ᚨኴ㑻, 1975, ඖ⚘䞉኱ṇ㛵ᮾᆅ㟈ὠἼ䛾ྛᆅ 䛾▼☃䞉ゝ䛔ఏ䛘, ᮾ኱ᆅ㟈◊✲ᡤᙡሗ, 50, 385-395. ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍, 2005, ఀᮾᕷ䛾▼㐀ᩥ໬㈈,ఀ ᮾᕷྐㄪᰝሗ࿌➨஧㞟,pp.369. ఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍, 2007, ఀᮾᕷྐ䛰䜘䜚➨ 8 㞟, 8pp. ίಙᑎ, 2007, ᅇྥᒣ㉳⾜㝔ίಙᑎ␎ྐ㸦➨ 1~5 ᅇ㸧,Ᏹబ⨾ࡢṔྐࢆㄒࡿ఍఍ሗࠕࡉࡾࡣࡲࠖ ྕ ᯇἑṊ㞝, 1925, ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏≀䛻౫䜛㟈ᐖศᕸㄪᰝ ሗ ࿌ , 㟈 ⅏ ண 㜵ㄪ ᰝ ఍ ሗ ࿌ ➨ 100 ྕ ⏥ , 163-260. ㅖ஭Ꮥᩥ䞉Ṋᮧ㞞அ, 2002, 㛵ᮾᆅ㟈䠄1923 ᖺ 9 ᭶䠍 ᪥䠅䛻䜘䜛ᮌ㐀ఫᐙ⿕ᐖ䝕䞊䝍䛾ᩚ⌮䛸㟈ᗘศᕸ 䛾᥎ᐃ,᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ᕤᏛ఍ㄽᩥ㞟,2䠄➨ 3 ྕ䠅,35-71. ㅖ஭Ꮥᩥ䞉Ṋᮧ㞞அ, 2004, 㛵ᮾᆅ㟈(1923 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 1 ᪥䠅䛻䜘䜛⿕ᐖせᅉูṚ⪅ᩘ䛾᥎ᐃ, ᪥ᮏᆅ㟈 ᕤᏛ఍ㄽᩥ㞟, 4, 4 , 21-45. ෆົ┬♫఍ᒁ, 1926, ኱ṇ㟈⅏ᚿ(ୖᕳ), 1236pp. 㑣Ἴග㞝, 1926, ᅜ᭷㕲㐨㟈ᐖㄪᰝሗ࿌,㻌㟈⅏ண 㜵ㄪᰝ఍ሗ࿌➨ 100 ྕ୎, 145-214. ᑠ㔝཭ஓ䞉㒔ྖ჆ᐉ, 2008, ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈(1703)䛻䛚䛡䜛 ┦ ᶍ ‴ ἢ ᓊ 䛷䛾 ὠ Ἴ 㧗䛥 , Ṕ ྐ ᆅ 㟈 , 23, 191-200. ኱㧗ྫྷஅຓ, 1969, 㒓ᅵᏱబ⨾ㄅ, 210pp.. - 29 -.

(14) ᕷ❧ఀᮾᅗ᭩㤋,1994,䛣䜟䛛䛳䛯ᆅ㟈ὠἼ䠖㛵ᮾ኱ 㟈⅏䜢య㦂䛧䛯Ᏹబ⨾ᑠᏛᰯ඲ඣ❺䛾సᩥ 㞟,pp.210. 㟼ᒸ┴, 1924, 㟼ᒸ⦩኱ṇ㟈⅏ㄅ, 478pp. 㟼ᒸ┴,1996,㟼ᒸ┴ྐู⦅ 2 ⮬↛⅏ᐖ⦅,808pp.㻌 Ṋᮧ㞞அ, 2009, ᮍ᭯᭷䛾኱⅏ᐖ䛸ᆅ㟈Ꮫ䠉㛵ᮾ ኱㟈⅏, ྂ௒᭩㝔, 209pp. Ṋᮧ㞞அ, 2011, ⚄ዉᕝ┴⛙㔝ᕷ䛷䛾㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏ 䛾㊧䠉䛥䜎䛦䜎䛺⿕ᐖ䛾グ᠈, Ṕྐᆅ㟈, 26, 1-14. Ṋᮧ㞞அ, 2012, 㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䜢Ṍ䛟䠉⌧௦䛻⏕䛝䜛 ⅏ᐖ䛾グ᠈, ྜྷᕝᘯᩥ㤋, 328pp. Ṋᮧ㞞அ, 2013a, ⚄ዉᕝ┴ⱴ䞄ᓮᕷ䞉ᐮᕝ⏫䛷䛾㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾㊧䠉┦ᶍᕝᮾᓊᆅᇦ䛾⿕ᐖ䛸᚟⯆, Ṕྐᆅ㟈, 28, 1-17. Ṋᮧ㞞அ, 2013b, ᶓ὾ᕷ䛻䛚䛡䜛㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾៘ 㟋☃䞉グᛕ☃䞉㑇ᵓ, ᶓ὾㒔ᕷⓎᒎグᛕ㤋⣖せ, No. 9 䠄ᢞ✏୰䠅 Ṋᮧ㞞அ䞉⠛ཎ᠇୍, 2010, ⚄ዉᕝ┴ᖹሯᕷ䛷䛾㛵 ᮾ኱㟈⅏䛾㊧Ɇ៘㟋☃ᕠ♩䛾グ㘓, Ṕྐᆅ㟈, 25, 91-100.. (㏣グ) ㄽᩥᥦฟᚋࡢ 2013 ᖺ 12 ᭶ᮎ࡟, ఀᮾᕷ⋪㡲⨾ ㈈⏘༊㆟఍᭩グࡢ⠛ཎ᠇Ặ࠿ࡽᮏ✏࡛Ⓨぢ࡛ࡁ࡞ ࠿ࡗࡓఀᮾᕷⰪ⏫ࡢἲ⯪ᑎ㏆ࡃࡢࡘ࡞ࡳᾐỈᆅⅬ ࡢᶆ㆑ࡣ௒ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺▱ࡽࡏࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ. ⠛ ཎ᠇Ặ࠿ࡽࡢ෗┿࡟ࡼࢀࡤ, ἲ⯪ᑎ㏆ࡃ࡟⚄㎶ἑ ✄Ⲵ࡜࠸࠺⚄♫ࡀ࠶ࡾ, ᑠࡉ࡞㫽ᒃ⬥ࡢ᳜࠼㎸ࡳ ࡟ࡍࡗࡱࡾ㞃ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᶆᰕࡀ❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᑠࡉ ࡞⚄♫࡛ヲ⣽࡞ሙᡤࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸧. ᙧ≧ ࡣᅗ 16 ࡸ 17 ࡜ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿࡀᕥഃ㠃ࡢᘓ❧ᖺࡣ ࠕ᫛࿴භ༑୕ᖺ୐᭶㸭ఀᮾᕷࠖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ. ࡉࡽ࡟⠛ཎ᠇Ặ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ, ఀᮾᕷ㖟ᗙඖ⏫ࡢ࣍ ࢸࣝᬮ㤶ᅬ㝃㏆ࡢ㊰ୖ࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡳᾐỈᆅⅬࡢᶆ㆑ ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓ. ࡇࢀࡣఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ ఍(2005)࡟ࡶᥖ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎᮏ✏࡛ࡢㄪᰝᑐ㇟ ࠿ࡽࡶ₃ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ. ᖾ࠸ Google ࣐ࢵ ࣉࡢࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࢺࣅ࣮࡛ࣗぢࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ. ሙᡤࡣᅗ 11 ࡢᆅᅗ࡛኱ᕝᶫࡢࡦ࡜ࡘୖὶഃ࡟ᯫ ࠿ࡿ࠸࡛‫‮‬ᶫ࠿ࡽ༡࡬ 200m ࡯࡝ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿ. ᡭ๓࡟ࣇ࢓࣑࣮ࣜࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥࡢࢪࣙࢼࢧࣥࡀ࠶ࡾ, ࡑࢀࢆ㐣ࡂࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࡢ⾤㊰ᶞࡢ᳜࠼㎸ࡳ࡟࡯ࡰࡍ ࡗࡱࡾ࡜㞃ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᘓࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ. ⠛ཎ᠇Ặ࠿ࡽ ࡢ෗┿࡟ࡼࢀࡤ, ᙧ≧ࡣᅗ 16 ࡸ 17 ࡜ྠࡌ࡛グ㍕ ஦㡯ࡶࡲࡗࡓࡃྠࡌ࡛, ᘓ❧ᖺࡣ᫛࿴ 62 ᖺ 11 ᭶ ࡛࠶ࡿ.. - 30 -.

(15) ௜㘓 ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈ࡢ៘㟋☃☃ᩥ (1) ⾜ⶈᑎ㸦Ᏹబ⨾㸧 ୓㟋ሪ 㸦ṇ㠃㸧 ༡↓ጁἲⶈ⳹⤒ ἲ⏺ 㸦ྑഃ㠃㸧 ᐆᬺ༑஧኉༗ᖺኳ༑୍᭶஧༑୕᪥ᘓ❧அ ὠἼὶṚஅㅖ⪷㟋➨භ༑ᖺᚷ 㸦ᕥഃ㠃㸧 ᪋ඖᒣ⾜ⶈᑎ 㢪୺ 㢟┠ㅮ୰㸭⌧ఫ᪥඲ 㸦⿬㠃㸧 ඖ⚘༑භᖺᮍᖺ༑୍᭶ᘘ஧᪥ኪ༙ᮾᅧ኱ᆅ㟈ືᐷ ᖍḧ㉳ബḧ❧ಽேⓙᛮᝳኳᆅ⁛༷㸭㟈Ṇᚋᚰᆅዴ ⏛ᮧ⪁┦㞟ㅝఏ⪺ᐶỌ༑Ⓧ㓀ᖺṇ᭶༑஑᪥኱ᆅ㟈 அ᫬Ἑ஭Ỉ஝ᾏ㸭㠃₻㏥஬භ⏫㨶ᅾἋୖᩝከஓኊ ∗㉮ྲྀஅᖐ㝣ᚋὠᾉ₞᮶Ẹᒇ⁻◚⁒Ṛ⪅୧㸭୕ே ௒ṇ␜୐༑୍ᖺ௒ཪ↛ဢ⯅ྰဢ㞄ᐙ஫㛫Ἑ஭Ỉ୙ ஝❚ᾏୖ₻୙㏥⪋㸭ὠἼಂ᮶࿘❶㦁ື㞴㏨㉮ᐙᒇ ⁻ὶ⁒Ṛ⪅኱ซཬ୕ⓒඵ༑వே㐠࿨ᑾᮇஇᑗ㸭ཪ ๓ୡஅᐟᅉᡤឤஇ௒ṇ␜භ༑ᖺኳ㐠ᚠ⎔↓୙ ᚟ 㢪ᚋேⅭ௧㏪᚟㎋அㅽグయဢ 㸨☃ᩥࡣఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍㸦2005㸧࡟ࡼࡗࡓ.. (2) ௖⌧ᑎ㸦ఀᮾ㸧 ୓㟋ሪ䠄ோ⋤㛛ᶓ, ᅗ 13(c)䠅㸦ṇ㠃㸧 ጁἲ ୕⏺ⴙ㟋㸦ᕥഃ㠃㸧 ඖ⚘༑භᖺⓍᮍᖺ༑୍᭶ᘘ஧᪥ኪଢ଼᫬ ᆅ㟈ὠἼ ␜ᡤỈ㞴ஸ㨦⪁ᑡ⏨ዪኍⓒཧᣠవே ౪㣴ሪ䠄ோ⋤㛛ᶓ, ᅗ 13(d)䠅㸦ṇ㠃㸧 ༡↓ጁἲⶈ⳹⤒ ୗ⏣ᐙ᪂஬㑻ㄅஅ ඖ⚘༑භᖺⓍᮍ༑୍᭶ᘘ୕ ᆅ㟈ὠᾉ␜ฎ↷ග㝔᪊ࢸ ᑠ⏣ཎṚཤ␜ᮧỈἐஅ⏨ ዪⓒභ༑୕ேྛ㟋⳶ᥦஓ. ௜ᅗ 2㻌 ௖⌧ᑎ䛾ோ⋤㛛ᶓ䛻䛒䜛ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾୓㟋 ሪ䛸౪㣴ሪ Fig.A2㻌 Two memorial towers near the Nio-Gate of㻌 Butsugen-ji Temple in Ito erected for the soul of victims due to the Genroku earthquake.. ௜ᅗ 1㻌⾜ⶈᑎ䛻䛒䜛ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾୓㟋ሪ Fig.A1㻌 Memorial tower of㻌 Gyorenn-ji Temple in Usami erected for the soul of victims due to the Genroku earthquake.. ᪥ⶈ኱⳶⸃஬㍯ሪ䠄ẝἋ㛛ᇽ๓䠅㸦ṇ㠃㸧 ᪥ⶈ኱⳶⸃ 㸦⿬㠃 ᆅㄽ㸧㇋Ὢ㈡ⱱ㒆ఀᮾᾆ ᾏගᒣష⌧ᑎ ᘯ㛗ඖ㎞㓀ᖺ୕᭶༑஧᪥ ᚚὶ⨥㟋ᆅ 㸦ྎᗙᕥ㠃㸧. - 31 -.

(16) ௜ᅗ 3㻌 ௖⌧ᑎ䛾ẝἋ㛛ᇽ䛾๓䛻䛒䜛ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾≛ ≅⪅䜢ᘫ䛖஬㍯ሪ Fig.A3㻌 Memorial tower in front of Bishamon-Hall of㻌 Butsugen-ji Temple in Ito erected for the soul of victims due to the Genroku earthquake. ᑌሪ㐀❧அ㸭ᚿ㊃᪨ ඛ᪂ᕥ⾨㛛㸭↷ග㝔஢㐩㸭᪥↛ಙኈ⪅ ౫┦ᕞᑠ⏣ཎ㸭ཎᇛୗබ⏝㸭ཤඖ⚘༑භ Ⓧᮍ↛༑୍㸭᭶ᘘ୕᪥ᮇ 㸦ྎᗙ⿬㠃㸧 ᆅ㟈ⅆ㞴⾜㸭ᖺᅄ༑ṓ⪋㸭Ṛཤ᪊∓ഛ ୍ሪᨃ㏣⚟㸭⳶ᥦᖽᝒẕ㸭⛅᭶㝔ጁ⾜ ᪥㐩ಙዪ♳㸭⁛⨥⏕ၿ⪅ஓ ⥅ẕ㸭せ⋞㝔ጁ↷᪥ἲ 㸦ྎᗙྑ㠃㸧 ᖸ᫬ ඖᩥ஬ᗒ⏦ኳ㸭ඵ᭶༑୕᪥. ௜ᅗ 4㻌 ᜨ㙾㝔䛒䜛ඖ⚘ᆅ㟈䛾୓㟋ሪ Fig.A4㻌 Memorial tower of㻌 Ekyo-in㻌 Temple in Kawana erected for the soul of victims due to the Genroku earthquake.. 㢪ᅵ࿴⏣ᮧ㸭ୗ⏣᪂ᕥ⾨㛛 ἲྕ㸭ຬᴟ㝔஢⢭㸭᪥㐍㸨☃ᩥࡣఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍㸦2005㸧࡟ࡼࡗࡓ.. (3) ᜨ㙾㝔㸦ᕝዉ㸧 ୓㟋ሪ 㸦ṇ㠃㸧 ᭷⦕↓⦕ⴙ㟋➼ ඖ⚘༑භᖺⓍᮍ༑୍᭶ᛕ஧᪥ኪ ᆅ㟈୪ὠἼᮧ୰Ṛேᩘ஧ⓒே㝖ࡓࡧேࡲ࡛ ᪋୺␜ᮧⱝ࢟⾗୰ 㸨☃ᩥࡣఀᮾᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍㸦2005㸧࡟ࡼࡗࡓ.. - 32 -.

(17)