[34] KW AITEN KYO NITE HIKARI NO SOKUDO) WO SEISOKUSURU SHIMPO.
M.WOLF.
(Nature, rol. 31 page 517. Comptes Rendus, Ferrier 9. 1855). kwaitensuru kagami nite hikari no sokudo wo seisokusurn
ho
ho no hatumcisha wa Foucault shi narn ga, yo ga shimpo wo setsumeisen niwa, kono Foucault shi no gempo we tankan-ni toku koto yoyonari.
Saibinaru ana yori izurn tokoro no hikari, 1 metre no kyori n i oite chokkei 14 m.m. aru kwaiten kyo ni atarite hanshashi, hanshashitaru hikari hitotsuno rens wo keikwashi kwaiten kyo yori 4 metre no kyori ni anu shoten (focus) kyori 4 metre naru nakabikuki kagami ni ataru. Soreyori mata hanshashi,kono
h
ansha wo nashitaru kagami to mattaku doitsunaru dai-ni no kagami ni yuki, matamata hanshasurn koto mae no gotokuni-surn, shi-kwai ni shite dailgo-kwai me no hansha niwa tosha kaku wo chokkaku su; kono chokkakunaru baai niwa ban shasurn hikari wa mae ni keikwaseshi michi wo futatabi sugite kwaiten kyo ni kaeri, maeni hikari no idetarn ana ni kaern. Shikaredomo, kwaiten kyo hanshado hayaku kwaitensurn toki wa motono ana niwa kaerazushite sukoshiku furete (deviate), sono kimpo ni kaeru; kono fure (dcriation) no taka yori san-yoshite hikari no sokudo wo ubeshi.
H
ansha kyo we itsutsu mochiyuru wa hikari no keikwasurn michi wo nagakusuru tame nite, jikkenshitsu nado no semaki tohoro nite hikari no sokudo wo sokuteisurn niwa zehi amata-no kagami wo motte hanshaseshimezaru wo ezarunari.
Foucault ski no shiken nite wa kagami no kwaiteusurn koto ichi byo kan 400 kwai nite fure wa .7 m.m. narishi. Foucault shi no hoho fujubunnari to serarurn wa kono fure no shoni shite, hore wo seisokusuru uo kataki no itten ni ari.
1879 non ni Gasshukoku ni oite Michelson shi mata Foucault s
seisolu-seri. Sono ori mochiitaru hikai mata kyori nado no okisa wa tsugino gotoshi:
Anato hansha kyo to no kyori... ... 9.15 metre. H ansha kyo no chokkei ... ... ... .032,,
R ens no chokkei ... ... ... ... .178 „
R ens no shoten kyori ... ... 45.75 „
Heimen* kyo no chokkei ... ... ... .178 „ K waiten kyo to heimen kyo to no kyori 605.80,,
Michelson no hoho nite wa, hikari wa saibinaru ana yori idete kwaiten kyo ni atari, hanshaserare rens wo keikwashite heimen kyo no ueni jitsu zo(real image) wo tsukuru; korewarens no ichi wo seirishite (adjust) ana no jitsu zo no, heimen kyo no ueni arubeki yo ni okerunari. Mata, heimen kyo no chushin to kwaiten kyo no chushin to wo tsunagu tokoro no chokuson ni Leimen kyo no men wo chokkakuni oku. Shikaraba,
h
eimen kyo no ueni dekitaru jitsu zo motono michi wo sugi r ens wo keikwashi kwaiten kyo no tameni hanshaserare motono ana ni oite mata jitsu zo wo tsukurubcshi. Michelson shi no jikken nite wa kwaiten ichi byo kan ni 258 hen nite, tameni shojitaru fure no taka 114.15 m.m. nari. Kakunogotoku fure no dainaru wa makotoni yoroshiki koto naredomo chokkei 17.8
c.m. nite sono shoten kyori 45 metre,naru rens no tsukurn jitsu zo wa meiryonarazaru wo manukarezareba, fure wo scisokusuru
koto kiwamete
Yo ga ima setsumciscn to surn tokoro no hoho nite wa kikai wa tanni futntsuno kagami nomi nari. Mazu, dai ichi no kaga-mi wa nakabikuki kagakaga-mi nite sono chokkei 20 c.m.; sono
magari no hankei (radius of cureature) wa 5 metre nari. Sono chushin ni ataru tokoro nite gin (hausha wo yokusurn tameni nuritaru gin nari) no shobubun wo hagashisari, hikari no jiyuni tsukoshiurn yo ni nasu. Dai ni no kagami mo mata naka- bikuki kagami nite chokkei wa wazukani 5 c.m. nari. Shikare- domo, sono magari no hankei wa mae no kagami no gotokn 5
• Michelson no hoho nite wa 5 kwai hausha no ho wo mochuzu , katsu hansha kyo wa heimen kyo nari.
36 WOLF SHI- HIRARI NO SAEUDO SOKUTHI NO SHIMFO. met
re nari ; nochi ni dai ichi no kagami wo dai kyo to ii dai ni no k agami wo sho kyo to iubcshi.
Sate, dai kyo we ugokanu yo ni suctsukeoki; sono ushiro ori tekigino hoho ni yoritc, aua wo tsukwashite hikari wo
o kuru. Sho kyo wa dai kyo wo hedatarn koto 5 metre nite,
son
o chushin wo keikwasurn jiku (axis) no mawari ni kwai-tensuru koto wo urn koto Foucault shi no sochi no gotoshi.
Dai kyo no ana wo keikwashitarn hikari wa ana wo ide hassaushi, sho kyo no men ni atarn; shikaruni, sho kyo no dai kyo wo hedataru koto sono magari no hankei ni hitoshiki wo mottc, sho kyo wa kono hassanseru hikari wo
shurenshite dai kyo no men ni oite ana no jitsu zo wo tsnkuru-beshi ; sho kyo no chushin to dai kyo no chushin to wo tsunagu chokusen sho kyo no men ni chokkakunaraba, hikari sho kyo yori hanshashi tsukuru tokoro no jitsu zo no ichi wa dai kyo no chushin naru ana to fugosu (coincide); sho kyo
k
waitenshite, tano ichi ni araba, kono jitsu zo wa dai kyo no tano bubun ni arubeshi. Shikashi, kono jitsn zo yori izuru hikari sho kyo no men wo terashi mata
hansha-s
hi shurenshite dai kyo no ana ni oite jitsu zo wo tsu-kuru. Sho kyo kwaiten no uchi ikanaru ichi ni arumo, hanshashite hikari wo dai kyo ni okurinru no ichi naraba, kamino gotoku jitsu zo no ichi, dai kyo no ana to fugosubeshi.
Son
o yue wa hikari dai kyo no ana yori ide sho kyo yori han shashi chokkakuni dai kyo niataru wo motte, dai kyo no tamenl
fu tatabi hanshaserare motono michi wo futatabi keikwashi, sho kyo ni atari mata hanshaserare motono michi wo tori dai kyo ni ataru wo mottc nari. Shikaredomo, kwaiten no sokudo yoyaku okikunaru ni shitagatte, sho kyo ni hikari atari, soreyori hanshashi dai kyo ni atari, futatabi hanshashite sho kyo ni kaeru no jikan ni, sho kyo wa ikubmt ka kwaitensuru yueni, sho kyo no men ni oite hanshashite dai kyo no men ni oite tsukurn zo wa ana to fugosezushite sukoshino fure arubeshi. Kono
fur
e ni yorite hikari no sokudo wo seisokusurn koto wa Foucault shi no hoho no gotoshi. Shikaruni, yo ga hoho no Foucault
shi no hoho ni ?? to kango ru tokoro wa ?? ?? .
WO
K amini nobctaru gotoku, furetaru jitsa zo mata hikari no minamoto to nari dai ni no furetaru jitsu zo wo tsukuri , kono jitsu zo mo mata tsugino jitsu zo wo tsukurn.
Kakunogotokn-surn toki wa ana to dai ichi no zo to no kyori nca chti iehi no zo to dai ui no zo to no kyori ni hitoshiku, dai ni to dai san to no kyori mata hitoshikereba, Foucault shi no gotoku ana to tada hitotsuno furetaru zo to no kyori wo hakarazu, ana to dai go nari dai ju nari no fureturn jitsu zo to no kyori wo halaru; shikaraba, sono seiso wa ron wo matazushite shirubeshi. Fon-canlt shi wa ichi byo kan 400 no kwaiten nite fure .7 m.m. wo etari;yo ga hoho ni shitagaeba kwaiten 200 ni shite ana to dai ichi no zo to no kyori .44 m.m. wo ubeshi, yuewa
Ima dai ju no zo no kyori wo hakaraba, fure no taka 4.1 m.m. naru yueni kwaiten su wa hanbun nite, hakarubeki kyori
suna-w achi fure wa roku bai yori dainari to sn.Kore yo ga hoho no Foucault shi no hoho ni masarcru to kangoru tokoro nari.
Ma
eni in tokoro no suta no furetaru zo hatashite miru koto w o ubekiya inaya wo shiran ga tameni, Foucault shi no hoho ni yorite kensaseri. Korewa dai kyo no mae ni usuki garasu
w o 45* ni oki, dai kyo ni yukubeki hikari no ichi bubun wo yokoni hanshaseshimetari; shikaruni, kono baai ni oite garasu
y ori hanshasuru hikari wa kiwamete sho bubun narcdo, bnn-myoni dai ichi dai ni dai san no zo wo miru koto wo etari; shikaraba, hikari no zenbu wo shiyosuru toki wa dai ju no 7.0 wo miru mo kataki koto niwa arazarubeshi.
Shikaraba, dai ju no zo wo miru koto wo urn to kateiscyo. Shikarutoki, dai kyo no tokigino basho ni oitc chushin no ana to onaji oisa, ni gin wo nozokisari, dai ju no zo wo katgami no ushiro yori miru koto wo uru yo ni nasubeshi kaknuogo- tokusureba zo no kyori wo hakaru koto hanahada yoinari.
Sho kyo no kwaiten no su wo hakaru niwa, katte Cornu shi
ga shiyo shitarn hoho ni shitagatte scimitsuni sokntcisurn k
38 WOLF SHI-HIEARI NO SOKUDO SOKUTEI NO SHIMPO.
Dai ni no zo no kyori wo hakarn wa dai ichino zo no kyori wo hakaru yori mo scimitsunaru wo e, dai san wa dai ni yori seimitsunaru wo u. Furetarn zo no bango no su no dainaru hodo seimitsunaru koto wo uru yueni, bango no su no dainaru furefaru zo no kyori wo hakaru koto yoyo nari.
Shikashina-gara, zo no hikari dandanni yowakunaru wo mottc, bango no su no dainaru zo no kyori wo hakarn koto nanginaru yue, hikari no amari geuzenu kumen wo nasazarubekarazu. Kore
wo
nasu niwa, daiichi niwa futatsuno kagami no ryomen tomo-ni sono magari no hankei wo doitsntomo-ni nasu koto kan-yonari.
Ryo
men no magari onajikereba, hikari wa tsuneni onaji hoko ni hanshashi tagaini aitasnkete hikari wo tsnyokn nasubeshi. Dai ni mwa dai kyo to magari no hankei doitsunaru tano ha-gami wo dai kyo to narabe oki, dai kyo no soto ni yuku hikari wo shiyosuheshi.
Kakunogotoku nashi dai niju bammeno zo wo miru koto wo uru to seba, kwaiten no su ichi byo kan 200 nite, kagami to kagami to no kyori 5 metre naraba, 20 bammeno zo no fure wa 8 m.m. narubeshi. Moshi kagami no magari no hankei wo 20 nitre to shi, sho kyo no chokkei wo 20 c.m. to shi, kwaiten no su wo ichi byo kan 50 to shi, futatsuno kagami no kyori wo 20 motre to shi, Foucault shi no keiken ni yori fure wo san-yo-scba, ana to dai ichi no zo to no kyori wa
Yueni, dai ni-ju bammeno zo no ana yori no kyori wa 35 m.m. nari. Moshi kore wo 1 m.m. no hyaku-bun no ichi made
seisoku-soba, hikari no sokudo no 3500 bun no ichi made sokutci- sliiubekinari.
