生物多様性条約(CBD)締約国会議における統合的海洋沿岸管理(IMCAM)の展開

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Title

生物多様性条約（CBD）締約国会議における統合的海洋沿岸管理

（IMCAM)の展開

Author(s)

中川　智治

Citation

福岡工業大学環境科学研究所所報　第6巻　P3-P11

Issue Date

2012

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/11478/327

Right

Type

Research Paper

Textversion publisher

福岡工業大学　機関リポジトリ　

FITREPO

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��

(CBD)��

��

(IMCAM)��*

��

Development of Integrated Marine and Coastal Area Management (IMCAM) within

the Conference of the Parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

Tomoharu NAKAGAWA, Doctor in Laws (Kyushu University)

(Department of Socio-Environmental Studies, Faculty of Socio-Environmental Studies)

The Marine Biodiversity Conservation Strategy of Japan, formulated by the Ministry of the Environment in March 2011, introduced "the integrated management of the Sea" as a part of basic perspectives on marine biodiversity conservation policy. This integrated manner of ocean management was proposed by the Agenda 21 in its Chapter 17. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), a milestone doc-ument of the Earth Summit, introduced the Integrated Marine and Coastal Area Management (IMCAM), as a thematic area for conservation and sustainable use of the marine and coastal biological diversity, in its decision II/10 of the Conference of the Parties (COP). The subse-quent arguments within the Subsidiary Bodies on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTAs) and the COPs stimulate the development of IMCAM. This development could contain a request of change on the Law of the Sea.

�� (IMCAM)�� 21��

Keywords: Integrated Marine and Coastal Area Management (IMCAM), Agenda 21, Marine Biodiversity Conservation Strategy of Japan

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��_{Integrated Management of the Sea��}

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��_{Comprehensive Governance of the Oceans��} �� _{25 ��} ��_Integrated Management of Coastal Zones�� _{21 ��}

�_{(Integrated Coastal Zone Management: ICZM)��} ��3��_{(Integrated Marine and} Coastal Area Management: IMCAM)�� 2. �� ��

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limits of its national jurisdiction)�� _{(beyond the limits of its national jurisdiction)��} �� _{25 ��} �� 3. �� 21 �� �� _{1992 ��} �� _{21��}9 ��_{21�� 17 ��} �� 10�� 11 �� _{(national resource)��} �� 12 �� _{NGO��} ��13 �� _{14 ��} ��

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Body for Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice: SBSTTA��)�� _{25 ��} 1994 �� 1 ��(COP1) (�� x �� COPx ��)�� I/7� ��_{25 � 2 �} �� _{COP2 ��}24 ��_{1995 � 9 �� 1 ��} ��_{(SBSTTA1)�� x ��} ��_{SBSTTAx ��}�� _{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/1/8)��} �� _{I/8� ��} �� _{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/REC/I/8)��} �� 25 ��_{11 �� COP2 ��SBSTTA1} ��26�� _{II/10� ��} � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �_(UNEP/CBD/ COP/DEC/II/10)��27_{��} ��_{(CSD)�� 21 � 17 ��} �� _{(GEF)��} �� _{COP3 ��} ��_{I/8 ��} � _{II/10 ��} ��28�� _{II/10 �� 1996 � 9 ��} ��_{SBSTTA2 ��}��

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�� _{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/2/14)��} �� 29_��_{1 ��} � � � � � � _{II/10� � � � � � � � � � � � �} (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/REC/II/10)�� II/10 � ��_{I/8 �� 4 ��} �� _{5 ��} ��30��_{1996 � 11 �� COP3 �} �� COP4 �� 1997 � 9 �� SBSTTA3 �� _{1 ��} �� (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/3/4)��31_{��} ��_{III/2� ��} �� (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/REC/III/2)��32_{��} ��_{5 ��} �� _{7 ��}33 1998 � 5 �� COP4 �� 34�� (UNEP/CBD/COP/4/5)��35_{��} �_{IV/5� ��} ��_{(UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/IV/5)��} ��36��_{IV/5 �� III/2 �} �� 1999 � 6 �� SBSTTA4 �� _{IV/1��(UNEP/ CBD/SBSTTA/REC/IV/1)��} ��_{COP4 ��} � _{IV/5 ��} ��37 SBSTTA4 �� IV/1 �� 2000 � 1 �� 2 �� _{SBSTTA5 ��} �� _{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/5/7)��} �� (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/5/INF/11)��38_��_V/6 �� _{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/REC/V/6)��} ��39 2000 � 5 �� COP5 �� _{IV/4�IV/5�} IV/��(UNEP/CBD/COP/5/10)� �� _{(UNEP/CBD/COP/5/INF/6)�� 7 ��} �� COP �� IV/5 �� SBSTTA �� V/6 ��

��40��_{V/3� ��} �� _{IV/5 ��} ��_{(UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/V/3)��}41�� _V/3 �� 2002 � 4 �� COP6 �� (UNEP/CBD/COP/6/11)�� _{(UNEP/CBD/COP/6/} INF/32)�� 11 ��42_{��} � � � � � � _{VI/3� � � � � � � � � �} (UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/VI/3)�� 43 2003 � 3 �� SBSTTA8 �� _{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/8/9)�} �� _{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/8/INF/13)��} �� _(UNEP/CBD/ SBSTTA/8/INF/15)�� 9 ��44_�� _{VIII/3� ��} � � � � � � � � � � � � � �_{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/REC/} VIII/3)��45_{��}

��_{(Ad Hoc}

Tech-nical Expert Group on Implementation of Integrated Marine and Coastal Management [IMCAM]: AHTEG- IMCAM)�� _{1 (IMCAM)} �� 46 2004 � 2 �� COP7 �� (UNEP/CBD/COP/7/12)�� _(UNEP/ CBD/COP/7/12/Add.2)�� 9 �� 47��_{VII/5� ��} �_{(UNEP/CBD/COP/DEV/VII/5)��} ��_{6 ��} �� 48 2006 � 3 �� COP8 �� _{(UNEP/CBD/COP/} 8/26/Add.1)�� 3 �� _(UNEP/CBD/ COP/8/INF/23)��49_{��} �_{VIII/22��} ��_{(UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/VIII/22)��} �� _{COP10 ��} ��

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��50 2008 � 5 �� COP9 �� IX/20� ��_{(UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/IX/20)��} �� _{COP10 �} �� 51 2010 � 5 �� SBSTTA14 �� _{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/14/4)��} �� _{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/14/} INF/2)�� 7 ��52_�� _{XIV/3� ��} � � � � � � � � � � � � � �_{(UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/REC/} XIV/3)�� _{2010 ��} �� ₂₀₁₂ �� _{(EBSAs)��}53 2010 � 10 �� COP10 �� _{(UNEP/CBD/COP/10/20)��} �� _{10 ��} (UNEP/CBD/COP/10/1/Add.2/Rev.1)�� 2 ��54��_X/29� ��_{(UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/X/29)��} ��_{2011-2020 ��} ��_{2020 �} �� _{2012 ��} ��_{(EBSAs)��} �� _{(GPA)��} �� _{14 ��}55 �� _{21 ��} �� 5.�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ��_{23 ��} �� 56 �� _{52�1977�� 11 � 4 ��} ��57�� 58 �� _{62 � 6 � 30 ��} �� _{63 � 3} �_{29 ��} �� _20m� ��_{50m�� 5km ��} ��_{1km ��} �� 59 ��_{2007 � 7 � 20 ��} �� _{25 ��} �� 60 �� 61�� _{200m ��} �� 62 �� 63�� _{6 �� 25 ��} ��

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6. 21 2010 5 SBSTTA14 (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/14/INF/2) 28% 2005 78.43% 2005 64 65 ₂₁ ₁₇ 66 (POPs) (eutrophication) (Large Marine Ecosystem) (ocean acidification)

67

(UNFCCC) 1972 (LC)

1996 (LP)

68

(Marine Protected Area: MPA)

69

70

1 _{1992 5} ₆

http://www.env.go.jp/nature/ biodic/kaiyo-hozen/pdf/pdf_honbun.pdf (visited: 20th August 2012).

2 ₍₂₀₁₁₎ _{Ministry of}

Environment, Marine Biodiversity Conservation Strategy, (2011) , http://www. env.go.jp/nature/biodic/kaiyo-hozen/pdf/pdf_eng_honbun.pdf (visited: 20th Au-gust 2012)

3 _{Alicia Barcena, "UNCED and Ocean and}

Coastal Management", Ocean & Coastal Management, Vol.18 (1992) pp.15-53,

esp. pp.26-28 (Integrated Coastal

Man-agement: ICM) Adalberto Vallega, Fundamentals of Integrated

Coastal Management (Kluwer Academic Pub., 1999) pp.14-17

4_{Satya N. Nandan and Shabtai Rosenne, United Nations Convention on the Law of}

the Sea 1982: A Commentary, Volume II (Martinus Nijhoff, 1993) pp.665-686.

5_{Shabtai Rosenne and Alexander Yankov, United Nations Convention on the Law of}

the Sea 1982: A Commentary, Volume IV (Martinus Nijhoff, 1990) pp.125-134 and 214-221.

6_{Id., pp.135-166 and 222-226.}

7_{Supra note 4, pp.184-203 and 521-544; supra note 5, pp.35-49 and 77-81.} 8

(CBD) TRIPS Vol.12 (2006) pp.163-183

9_{Donald Rothwell and Tim Stephens, the International Law of the Sea (Hart Pub.,}

2010) p.473 21 17

21 '92

1993 218-251

Alicia Barcena, "UNCED and Ocean and Coastal Management", Ocean & Coastal Management, Vol.18 (1992) pp.15-53

10_{UN, Agenda 21, A/CONF.151/26/REV.1 (Vol. II), para.17.1.} 11_{Id., para.17.4.} 12_{Id., para.17.5.} 13_{Id., para.17.6.} 14_{Id., para.17.6.} 15_{Id., para.17.7.} 16_{Id., para.17.8.} 17_{Id., para.17.11.} 18_{Id., paras.17.12-14.} 19_{Id., paras.17.15-16.} 20_{Id., para.17.17.}

21_{UN, Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21, A/RES/S-19/2,}

para.36.

22 _(GPA)

UNEP, Global Programme of action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities, UNEP(OCA)/LBA/IG.2/7 UNEP, Report of the

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Intergovernmental Conference to Adopt a Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities, UNEP(OCA)/ LBA/IG.2/6

23_{UN, Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development,}

A/CONF.199/20, para.30.

24_{UNEP, Decision I/7 Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological}

Advice, UNEP/CBD/COP/ DEC/I/7, esp. Annex, para.5.5.3.

25_{UNEP, Recommendation I/8 Scientific, Technical and Technological Aspects of}

Conservation and Sustainable Use of Coastal and Marine Biological Diversity, UNEP/ CBD/SBSTTA/REC/I/8, esp. Annex to Recommendation I/8.

26_{UNEP, Scientific, Technical and Technological Aspects of the Conservation and}

Sustainable Use of Coastal and Marine Biological Diversity: Note by the secretar-iat, UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/1/8.

27_{UNEP, Decision II/10 Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine and Coastal}

Biological Diversity, UNEP/ CBD/COP/DEC/II/10.

28_{Maas M. Goote, "The Jakarta Mandate on Marine and Coastal Biodiversity",}

International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, Vol.12 (1997) pp.377-395, esp. p.377 and Gaëtan Verhoosel, "Prospecting for Marine and Coastal Biodiversity: International Law in Deep Water?", International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, Vol.13 (1998) pp.91-104, esp. p.93.

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30_{UNEP, Recommendation II/10 Coastal and Marine Biological Diversity, UNEP/}

CBD/SBSTTA/REC/II/10.

31_{UNEP, Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine and Coastal Biological}

Diversity: Report by the Executive Secretary, UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/3/4, paras. 39-42.

32_{UNEP, Report of the Third Meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific Technical}

and Technological Advice, UNEP/CBD/COP/4/2, paras.44-50.

33_{UNEP, Recommendation III/2 Scientific, technical and Technological Aspects of}

the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Coastal and Marine Biological Diversity: Report of the First Meeting of Experts on Marine and Coastal Biological Diversity and Consideration of a Draft Three-Year Work Plan, UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/REC/ III/2, esp. Annex to Recommendation III/2.

34_{UNEP, Report of the Fourth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the}

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35_{UNEP, Implementation of the Programme of Work on Marine and Coastal}

Bio-logical Diversity: Report of the Executive Secretary, UNEP/CBD/COP/4/5.

36_{UNEP, Decision IV/5 Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine and Coastal}

Biological Diversity, including a Programme of Work, UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/IV/ 5.

37_{UNEP, Recommendation IV/1 Programme of Work, UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/REC/}

IV/1, esp. para.6.

38_{UNEP, Report of the Fifth Meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific Technical}

and Technological Advice, UNEP/CBD/COP/5/3, paras.87-96.

39_{UNEP, Recommendation V/6 Marine and Coastal Biological Diversity:}

Imple-mentation Tools for the Programme of Work and Analysis of Coral Bleaching, UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/REC/V/6.

40_{UNEP, Report of the Fifth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the}

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41_{UNEP, Decision V/3 Progress Report on the Implementation of the Programme of}

Work on Marine and Coastal Biological Diversity (Implementation od Decision IV/5), UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/V/3.

42_{UNEP, Report of the Sixth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the}

Con-vention on Biological Diversity, UNEP/CBD/COP/6/20, paras.89-107.

43_{UNEP, Decision VI/3 Marine and Coastal Biological Diversity, UNEP/CBD/}

COP/DEC/IV/3.

44_{UNEP, Report of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological}

Advice on the Work of its Eighth Meeting, UNEP/CBD/COP/7/3, paras.98-99.

45_{UNEP, Recommendation VIII/3 Marine and Coastal Biodiversity: Review, Further}

Elaboration and Refinement of the Programme of Work, UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/ REC/VIII/3.

46_{Id., Annex: Draft Terms of Reference for an Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group on}

Implementation of Integrated Marine and Coastal Area Management (IMCAM).

47_{UNEP, Report of the Seventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the}

48_{UNEP, Decision VII/5 Marine and Coastal Biological Diversity, UNEP/CBD/}

COP/DEC/VII/5.

49_{UNEP, Report of the Eighth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the}

50_{UNEP, Decision VIII/22 Marine and Coastal Biological Diversity: Enhancing the}

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51_{UNEP, Decision IX/20 Marine and Coastal Biodiversity, UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/}

IX/20, esp. para.4.

52_{UNEP, Report of the Ninth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the}

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53_{UNEP, Recommendation XIV/3 In-depth Review of the Implementation of the}

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54_{UNEP, Report of the Tenth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the}

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55_{UNEP, Decision X/29 Marine and Coastal Biodiversity, UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/}

X/29. 56 50 2008 359-376 57 ₄₆ ₆₈ 736 (2007 )7-10 7 58_{http://www.kokudokeikaku.go.jp/document_archives/ayumi/24.pdf} 59 1996 29-48 60 ₂₁ 1 2008 12-17 61 _{23 3} ₈ 62 ₁₇ 63 ₂₀

64_{UNEP, Report of Implementation of the Programme of Work on Marine and}

Coastal Biological Diversity, UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/14/INF/2, para.54.

65_{Id., para.71.}

66_{UNEP, Report by the Executive Secretary on Marine and Coastal Biological}

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67_{UNEP, In-depth Review of the Implementation of the Programme of Work on}

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生物多様性条約(CBD)締約国会議における統合的海洋沿岸管理(IMCAM)の展開

Title