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(1)

シェイクスピア・ソネット 16-20 Shakespeare’s Sonnets

2017 年 5 月

株式会社ジー・シー・エス 代表取締役 中湖 康太

http://www.gcs.global

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16

• なぜあなたは残虐な時という暴君と戦い、衰退から身を守ら ないのですか、私の不毛な詩などより、もっと有効な手段で

• 多くの処女の庭園があなたの生きた花をさかせたいと願っ ている

• あなたは自分の技で自らの生きた肖像画を描かなければな らない

(3)

16-1

But wherefore do not you a mightier way Make war upon this bloody tyrant, Time?

And fortify yourself in your decay

With means more blessed than my barren rime?

Now stand you on the top of happy hours;

And many maiden gardens, yet unset,

With virtuous wish would bear your living flowers, Much liker than your painted counterfeit:

(4)

16-2

So should the lines of life that life repair, Which this, Time's pencil, or my pupil pen, Neither in inward worth nor outward fair, Can make you live yourself in eyes of men.

To give away yourself keeps yourself still;

And you must live, drawn by your own sweet skill.

(5)

17

• 私の詩があなたの高貴な美を表現し尽くしたとしても、後の 世に誰が信じてくれるだろう

• 年が経ち私の黄ばんだ詩集は軽蔑されるだろう

• だがあなたが子供を残せば、あなたは子供と私の詩の中で 二度生きることになる

(6)

17-1

Who will believe my verse in time to come, If it were fill'd with your most high deserts?

Though yet, heaven knows, it is but as a tomb

Which hides your life, and shows not half your parts.

If I could write the beauty of your eyes,

And in fresh numbers number all your graces, The age to come would say, 'This poet lies,

Such heavenly touches ne'er toucht earthly faces'

(7)

17-2

So should my papers, yellow'd with their age

Be scorn'd, like old men of less truth than tongue;

And your true rights be term'd a poet's rage, And stretched metre of an antique song:

But were some child of yours alive that time, You should live twice, in it and in my rime.

(8)

18

• 美しいものはすべて、いつかは美を失って朽ちはててしまう

• しかし、あなたが不滅の詩のなかで生き続ければ、あなた の永遠の夏は衰えることはない

• この詩が生きる限り、あなたにいのちを与えるのです

(9)

18-1

Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date:

Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd:

And every fair from fair sometime declines,

By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd;

(10)

18-2

But thy eternal summer shall not fade,

Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;

Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st:

So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

(11)

19

• 時はすべてを食い尽くす

• だがもっとも忌まわしい罪だけは犯してはならない;わたしが 愛する美貌に時を刻むことはしないでくれ

• だが、どんなに時が極悪を犯したとしても、わたしの恋人は、

私の詩の中で永遠に若く生き続けるだろう

(12)

19-1

Devouring Time, blunt thou the lion's paws,

And make the earth devour her own sweet brood;

Pluck the keen teeth from the fierce tiger's jaws, And burn the long-lived phoenix in her blood;

Make glad and sorry seasons as thoug fleets, And do what'er thou wilt, swift-footed Time, To the wide world and all her fading sweets;

But I forbid thee one most heinous crime:

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19-2

O, carve not with thy hours my love's fair brow, Nor draw no lines there with thine antique pen;

Him in thy course untainted do allow

For beauty's pattern to succeeding men.

Yet, do thy worst, old Time: despite thy wrong, My love shall in my verse ever live young.

(14)

20

• あなたははじめは女としてつくられた;でも自然があなた作っ ている間に恋におち、あなたを奪い私を虐待した

• 自然は女の快楽のためにあなたを選んだ

• でも、あなたの愛は私のもの、あなたの愛の作業は彼女た ちの宝

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20-1

A woman's face, with Nature's own hand painted, Hast thou, the master-mistress of my passion;

A woman's gentle heart, but not acquainted

With shifting change, as is false women's fashion;

An eye more bright than theirs, less false in rolling, Gilding the object whereupon it gazeth;

A man in hew all Hews in his controlling,

Which steals men's eyes, and women's souls amazeth.

(16)

20-2

And for a woman wert thou first created;

Till Nature, as she wrought thee, fell a-doting, And by addition me of thee defeated,

By adding one thing to my purpose nothing.

But since she prickt thee out for women's pleasure, Mine be thy love, and thy love's use their treasure.

(17)

シェイクスピア・ソネット集鑑賞にあたって ( 再 )

• 1609年出版の154篇からなるソネット(14行詩)

• 登場人物4人

i. 「私」・・・詩人(作者)

ii. 「美青年」・・・詩人のパトロン

iii. 「ダーク・レイディ(黒い女)」・・・詩人と美青年を誘惑する iv. 「ライバルの詩人」

154篇の内容

i. 117・・・詩人が美青年に結婚を勧めるもの

ii. 18126・・・詩人から美青年への愛を歌うもの

iii. 127152・・・ダーク・レイディを対象としたもの

iv. 153, 154・・・(独立) キューピッドの松明を冷泉に冷し温泉が生ずる

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弱強 5 歩格( iambic pentameter ) ( 再 )

弱強五歩格(iambic pentameter)とは詩(韻文)の一行について、その 音節の数と、それらの音節に適用される強調に関する規則のこと。

シェイクスピアは弱強五歩格を駆使し、その作品はiambic

pentameterの代表例といわれる

(韻文)では、複数の音節で構成されるグループを歩(foot)といい、

歩において弱い音節に強い音節が続く場合”iamb”と呼ばれ、その 語は1つの”iamb”となる

“Pent”は「5」を意味し、弱強5歩格(iambic pentameter)は、非強調音 節に強調音節が続く”iamb”5つの組合せからなる詩の一行

“meter”(metre)は韻律を意味する

出所: http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-iambic-pentameter.html

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参考文献

“The Complete Works of William Shakespeare”, The Shakespeare Head Press, Oxford Edition, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, 2007

“The Sonnets”, William Shakespeare, Narrated by The Marlowe Society, ©2011 Saland Publishing (P)2011 Saland Publishing

“The Sonnets”, William Shakespeare, read by Alex Jennings, NAXOS AudioBooks Ltd., © and (P)1997 NAXOS AudioBooks Ltd.

“Complete Poetry: Sonnets and Narrative Poems”, Written by William Shakespeare, Narrated by Charlton Griffin, Public Domain (P)2012

Audio Connoisseur

「あらすじで読むシェイクスピア全作品」 河合祥一郎著, 祥伝社新書

「ソネット集」 シェイクスピア作, 高松雄一訳, 岩波書店

参照

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