LQIRGRL
࠙ཎⴭㄽᩥࠚ
ಖ⫱⪅ࢆ┠ᣦࡍዪᏊ⏕ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑
㸫ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬᡤᒓព㆑ࡢ㛵ಀ㸫
㚝 ၨఙ
㸯࣭㚝 せ
㸰㸦㸯㸸ᮾᾏᏛ㝔Ꮫே㛫㛵ಀᏛ㒊ᚰ⌮Ꮫ⛉㸪㸰㸸ྡྂᒇዪᏊᏛᩥᏛ㒊ඣ❺ᩍ⫱Ꮫ⛉㸧
せ ⣙
ᆅᇦ࡛ᯝࡓࡋ࡚ࡁࡓಖ⫱࡞ࡢᨭ࠼ྜ࠸࠸࠺ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᶵ⬟ࡀᕼⷧࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡞ࠊᆅᇦᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࡣබⓗไᗘ
ࡼࡗ࡚ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢไᗘ࠾࠸࡚ಖ⫱⪅ࡢᙺࡣ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊಖ⫱⪅ࢆ┠ᣦࡍዪᏊ⏕
484ྡࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑ࡸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊᆅᇦᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࡢಁ㐍ྥࡅࡓಖ⫱⪅㣴ᡂࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋ ࡓࠋࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑ࡣࠊᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮࠾ࡼࡧࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ศᯒࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ ࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ(36.2%)ࠊ ࠕ᪥ᖖⓗ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ(60.5%)ࠊ ࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ(2.8%)ࠊ ࠕࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ(0.5%)࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ
ࡉࢀࡓࠋࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡣࠊ♫ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡿࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ(M=12.18ࠊSD=1.97)ࡼࡾࡶࠊಶேࡢඹ㏻
ࡢ㛵ᚰࡸಙ㢗ឤࡢඹ᭷ࡢᚰ⌮ⓗሙ࡛࠶ࡿࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ(M=13.05ࠊSD=1.81) ࡀ᭷ព㧗ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ
ࡽࠊᚋࠊಖ⫱⪅ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡶࡢࡣᏊ⫱࡚ࢆࡵࡄࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸከࡃཧຍࡍࡿࡇࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࢥ࣑ࣗ
ࢽࢸάືࡢ⤒㦂ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᆅᇦᏊ⫱࡚ᨭᑐࡍࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࢆ㧗ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡇ࡛ࠊᆅᇦ
ࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞㛵ࢃࡾࠊ㈉⊩ࠊാࡁࡅ࠸ࡗࡓ⾜ື㛵㐃ࡋࡓ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࠊ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸࠊᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࠊ㛵ಀⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠊᶵ⬟ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ཷ✏ ᰝㄞᑂᰝࢆ⤒࡚ ཷ⌮
ၥ㢟ព㆑┠ⓗ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡼࡿᨭࡢㄢ㢟
ཌ⏕ປാ┬(2017)ࡣࠊᆅᇦࡢேேࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࡀᙅࡲ
ࡾࠊᆅᇦࡢᖐᒓព㆑ࡀపୗࡍࡿ࡞ࠊᆅᇦ♫ࡢ⬤ᙅ
ࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ
ࡼ࠺࡞♫ᵓ㐀࠾࠸࡚ࠊᚑ᮶ࠊᐙᗞࡸᆅᇦࡀᯝࡓࡋ࡚
ࡁࡓㆤࡸಖ⫱࡞ࡢᨭ࠼ྜ࠸ࡢᶵ⬟ࢆ௦᭰ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ බⓗ࡞ᨭไᗘࡢᩚഛࡀྲྀࡾ⤌ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
(ཌ⏕ປാ┬,2016)ࠋ᪥࡛ࡣࠊබⓗไᗘࡀ⏕άࢆᨭ࠼ࡿ୰ᚰⓗ࡞
ᙺࢆᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ(ཌ⏕ປാ┬,2016)ࠋ┦ㄯᨭࡢ࡛࠶
ࢀࡤࠊ㧗㱋⪅ࡀᆅᇦໟᣓᨭࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡀ㞀ᐖ⪅
┦ㄯᨭᴗࠊᏊ⫱࡚ୡᖏࡀᆅᇦᏊ⫱࡚ᨭᣐⅬᴗ
ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ(ཌ⏕ປാ┬,2016)ࠋ
බⓗᨭไᗘࡀᩚഛࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡞ࠊᏳ⸨(2002)ࡣࠊ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢゎయ࠸࠺ၥ㢟ຍ࠼ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ᚰ⌮♫
ⓗၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋෆ㛶ᗓ(2018)࠾࠸
࡚ࡣࠊᏊ⫱࡚ࡋࡸࡍ࠸♫ࡢᐇ⌧ྥࡅ࡚ࡢᆅᇦ♫
࠾ࡅࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡋ࡚ࠊᏊ⫱࡚ࡢᏙ❧ឤࡸࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢቑ
ᖜᑐᛂࡍࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡘࡲࡾࠊ බⓗไᗘࡣࠊ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡼࡿᨭࡢᵓ⠏ࡑࡇ࠶ࡿಶࠎேࡢ ᚰ⌮♫ⓗၥ㢟ࡢᑐᛂࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚ᩚഛࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡀ ồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
Ꮚ⫱࡚ᨭ࠾ࡅࡿᚰ⌮ⓗせᅉࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢ㛵 ಀࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㚝(2010)ࡀࠊඣ❺ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡛ᐇࡋࡓ Ꮚ⫱࡚ᨭࡢ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࡢຠᯝࢆࠊಖㆤ⪅ࡢ⮬ᑛឤ
ࠊ⫱ඣᏳࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ(sense of community)
ࡽㄪᰝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊᏊ⫱࡚ᐙᗞࡢ㌟㏆࡞
ࡇࢁぶᏊ࡛Ẽ㍍㞟࠼ࡿሙࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡛ࠊᏊ⫱࡚୰
ࡢぶྠኈࡀࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡋ࡚ࡢᨭ࠼࠶࠸ࢆಁࡋࠊ⫱ඣ ࡢᏳឤࢆపῶࡉࡏࠊ⮬ᑛᚰࢆ㧗ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿ(㚝,2010)ࠋᏊ⫱࡚ᨭྥࡅࡓࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᵓ
⠏ࡢࡓࡵࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀ㔜せ࡞ᚰ⌮ⓗせᅉ࡛࠶
ࡿࡇࡀ࠺ࡀࢃࢀࡿࠋ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡣࠊSarason(1974)ࡀࠕࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ
ࢸᑐࡋ࡚ேࠎࡀᣢࡘែᗘࠖᑐࡋ࡚ྡࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛
࠶ࡿࠋSarason(1974)ࡣࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡘ࠸࡚ࠕேࠎ ࡀ౫Ꮡ࡛ࡁࠊࡓࡸࡍࡃ⏝ྍ⬟࡛ࠊ࠸ᨭⓗ㛵ಀࡢ
ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࠖᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࡶࠕࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ ࡢḞዴࡸᕼⷧࡉࡀேࠎࡢ⏕ά࠾ࡅࡿ᭱ࡶ◚ቯⓗ࡞ཎື
ຊࠖᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
Chipuer & Pretty(1999)ࡣࠕࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀேࠎ
ࡢ᪥ᖖ⏕άᐦ╔ࡋࡓᴫᛕ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⾜ᨻᆅᇦࡢ༠ാ
ᑐࡋ࡚ධྍ⬟࡞᪉␎ࢆぢฟࡍࡇࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠖࡇ
ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
McMillan & Chavis(1986)
ࡣ ࠊ͆ ࣓ ࣥ ࣂ ࣮ ࢩ ࢵ ࣉ
(membership)͇ࠊ ͆ᙳ㡪ຊ(influence)͇ ࠊ ͆⤫ྜࢽ࣮ࢬࡢ
㊊(integration and fulfillment of needs)͇ ࠊ ͆⥴ⓗ⤖
ྜࡢඹ᭷(shared emotional connection)͇ࡢ
4ࡘࡢせ⣲
࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿ୍ࡘࡢᴫᛕࡀࠕࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡢ
4ࡘࡢせ⣲ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᳜ᮧ
(2012)࠾ࡼࡧ㣤⏣(2014)ࢆཧ⪃௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺ࡲࡵࡓࠋ
ձ ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮㠀࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࢆศࡅࡿ
ቃ⏺࡛࠶ࡿࠕࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢቃ⏺ࠖࠊ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡋ
࡚ཷᐜࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺ࠕᡤᒓឤࠖ 㸪 ࠕ⥴ⓗᏳᚰឤࠖ ࠊ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᑐࡋ࡚㈉⊩ࡋࡼ࠺࠸࠺᭷ᙧ࣭↓ᙧ ࡢࠕᢞ㈨ࠖࡢᴫᛕࢆྵࡴࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ղ ᙳ㡪ຊ ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡀ࠸ᙳ㡪ࢆ
࠼ྜ࠺ࡇࢆឤࡌࡿࡇࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢྠㄪ ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢᜨⓗ
㛵ಀࢆྵࡴࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ճ ⤫ྜࢽ࣮ࢬࡢ㊊ ⮬ᕫࡢࢽ࣮ࢬࡢ㊊ࡀ⪅
ࡢࢽ࣮ࢬࡢ㊊⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺ឤぬࡀᚓ
ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
մ ⥴ⓗ⤖ྜࡢඹ᭷ ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮㛫ࡢ⢭⚄ⓗࡘ࡞ࡀࡾ
ࡢ⤒㦂ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣏ࢪࢸࣈ࡞ὶࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀࠊ㔜 せ࡞ฟ᮶ࡸၥ㢟ࢆඹ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ㛵ࡍࡿ
◊✲ࡀྲྀࡾ⤌ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࠼ࡤࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡢ 㧗ࡉࡀே⏕ࡢ‶㊊ឤࡸほⓗᖾ⚟ឤࡢ㧗ࡉࠊᏙ⊂ឤࡢ పࡉ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ(➲ᑿࡽ,2007)ࠋẚ㍑ⓗ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢᩘ
ࡀᑡ࡞ࡃᑠࡉ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀ㧗࠸
(Obst et al,2002)ࠋࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛ࡢᒃఫᖺᩘࡸ㛵ࢃࡾ
ࡢ㛗ࡉ࡞ࡢ㛫ⓗせᅉࡀᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ(Chavis et al,
1986)ࠋࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࠾ࡅࡿே✀࣭Ẹ᪘ⓗ≧ἣࠊᒃఫᙧែࠊᡤᚓࣞ࣋ࣝࠊᖺ㱋ࡸᩍ⫱Ṕࠊே᱁≉ᛶ࡞㛵㐃 ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ(Dalton et al,2001)ࠋ
ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞࡞ࠊᆅᇦࡢᏊ⫱࡚ᨭ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࢥ࣑ࣗ
ࢽࢸឤぬ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸ
ᆅᇦᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࢆྵࡵࡓࡲࡕ࡙ࡃࡾ࠾ࡅࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ ࢸࡢㄢ㢟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᇛ᭶ࡽ(2013)ࡣࠊᆅᇦࡢࡶࡘ
ࢹࣥࢸࢸࢆேᆅᇦࡢᚰ⌮ⓗ⤖ࡧࡘࡁࡋࠊ⮬ᕫ ࡢ୍㒊ࡀ⤖ࡧࡘࡃࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ᙧᡂࠊ㔊ᡂࠊ⥔ᣢࡋ
࡚࠸ࡃࡇࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࢹࣥࢸࢸࡢ㛵ಀࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ
Duffy & Wong(1996)ࡀࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࢆ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸ(social identity)㢮ఝࡋࡓᴫᛕ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢥ
࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑(sense of belonging in the
community)ࡢᛶࡸࠊ࠶ࡿಶேࡢ⮬㌟ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㛵ಀࡢឤ࡛࠶ࡿ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸࡣࠊ
Tajifel(1972)ࡀࠊࠕ࠶ࡿ㞟 ᅋᒓࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚⋓ᚓࡉࢀࡿ⮬ᕫᴫᛕࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶
ࡾࠊྠࡑࡢ㞟ᅋࡢᡂဨࡋ࡚ࡢឤࡸ౯್ほࢆࡶ
࡞࠺ࡶࡢࠖᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿᚰ⌮ⓗせᅉ
ࠕ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࠖ ࠊ ࠕ⮬ᕫ㧗ᥭࡢືᶵ࡙ࡅࠖ ࠊ ࠕ♫ⓗẚ㍑
㐣⛬ࠖࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(Tajifel,1972ࠊTurner,1982)ࠋ
࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡣ⮬ศྠࡌ㞟ᅋᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ(ෆ㞟ᅋ)ࠊ
⮬ศࡣ␗࡞ࡿ㞟ᅋᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ(እ㞟ᅋ)࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⮬
ᕫ㧗ᥭࡢືᶵ࡙ࡅࡣ✚ᴟⓗ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡛ෆ㞟ᅋࡧ࠸
ࡁ(in-group favoritism)ࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࠋ♫ⓗẚ㍑㐣⛬ࡣ⮬
ศࡀᡤᒓࡍࡿෆ㞟ᅋࡢ౯್ࢆ㧗ࡃᛮ࠺ࡇ࡛⮬㌟ࡢ⮬ᕫ 㧗ᥭឤࡸ⮬ᑛᚰࡀ‶ࡉࢀࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊᒸᮏࡽ(2009)ࡣࠊ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸࡀᆅ ᇦ࠸࠺♫ⓗ㞟ᅋࡽ⋓ᚓࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢥ࣑ࣗ
ࢽࢸឤぬࡢせ⣲࡛࠶ࡿᆅᇦࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞㛵ࢃࡾࠊ㈉
⊩ࠊാࡁࡅ࠸ࡗࡓ⾜ືពᅗࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ♧၀ࡋ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋ
ᆅᇦᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࡢಁ㐍ྥࡅ࡚
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᶵ⬟ࡢᕼⷧࡀᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡞ࠊ ᆅᇦࡄࡿࡳࡢᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿ࠺࠼࡛ಖ
⫱ ⪅ ᮇ ᚅ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ᙺ ࡣ 㔜 せ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ
(ཌ ⏕ ປ ാ
┬,2018ࠊᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬,2018)ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊබⓗไᗘ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ಖ⫱⪅ࡣஙᗂඣࡢಖ⫱ᦠࢃࡾࠊᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿ
ᑓ㛛⫋つᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊಖ⫱⪅ࢆ
┠ᣦࡍᏛ⏕ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑ࡸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤ
ぬࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊᑗ᮶ࡢᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࢆᢸ࠺Ꮫ⏕ࡀࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ
ࢸࢆࡢࡼ࠺ឤࡌࠊ♫ⓗ㞟ᅋࡢ⮬㌟ࡢ㛵ಀ࡛
ࡢࡼ࠺ㄆ▱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢆศᯒࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢࡇࡽࠊ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬᆅᇦࡄࡿࡳࡢᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࡢ㛵㐃ࡸ
Ꮚ⫱࡚ᨭࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢㄢ㢟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ
᪉ἲ
ᑐ㇟⪅ཬࡧᮇ
ಖ⫱⪅ࢆ┠ᣦࡍዪᏊᏛ⏕
484ྡ(A ዪᏊᏛ)ࢆᑐ㇟
㉁ၥ⣬ࡢᅇ⟅ࢆ౫㢗ࡋࠊᅇࡋࡓࠋᅇ⟅ഛ➼ࡀ
61ྡ࠶ࡾࠊ᭷ຠᅇ⟅ᩘࡣ
423ྡ(᭷ຠᅇ⟅⋡
87.40%)࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᖹᆒᖺ㱋ࡣ
20.70ṓ(ᶆ‽೫ᕪ
0.46)࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝᮇࡣ
2015ᖺࡽ
2018ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ
4ᖺ㛫࡛ࠊྛ
ᖺࡢ
11᭶⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᖺ࡛ࡢᑐ㇟⪅ࡢෆヂࡣ⾲
1ࡢ࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡗ ࡓࠋ
⾲ 㸬ㄪᰝᖺࡈࡢㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ᩘ➼
ሙᡤ
ឡ▱┴ෆ
AዪᏊᏛㅮ⩏ᐊ
ᡭ⥆ࡁ
௨ୗࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᴫせࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ
1ᅇ
90ศࡢࢥ࣑
ࣗࢽࢸㄽࡢᤵᴗࡢ࡞࡛ㅮ⩏ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋㅮ⩏ᅇᩘࡣ
6ᅇ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋ
ձ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢㄒ※࠾ࡼࡧព(㕥ᮌ(1986)࠾ࡼࡧ 㣤⏣(2014)ࢆཧ⪃ࠊㄒ※ࡸពࡋ࡚ࠕᆅᇦࠖ ࠕᆅ ᇦ♫ࠖ ࠕඹྠయࠖ ࠊ࡞ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡘ࠸࡚) ղ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᚰ⌮Ꮫࡢጞࡲࡾ(Bennett et al,(1966)
ࢆཧ⪃ࠊ ࠕᆅᇦ⢭⚄ಖࡢࡓࡵࡢᚰ⌮Ꮫ⪅ᩍ⫱㛵 ࡍࡿ࣎ࢫࢺࣥ㆟ࠖࡸࡑࡢ௦⫼ᬒࡘ࠸࡚㸧 ճ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢゎ㔘(㣤⏣(2014)ࢆཧ⪃ࠊᆅᇦࢥ࣑
ࣗࢽࢸࠊᶵ⬟ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠊ㛵ಀⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢸ
ࡘ࠸࡚)
մ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸἲไᗘ(ཌ⏕ປാ┬(2016,2018)ࠊᩥ
㒊⛉Ꮫ┬(2018)ࢆཧ⪃ᆅᇦᏊ⫱࡚ᨭᴗࠊᆅᇦ
ໟᣓᨭᴗࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅┦ㄯຓᇶᖿᴗࠊᆅᇦᗂඣ ᩍ⫱ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᴗࡘ࠸࡚
յ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ(㣤⏣(2014)ࢆཧ⪃ࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ឤぬࡢᴫᛕ࠾ࡼࡧᵓᡂせ⣲ࡢ࣓͆ࣥࣂ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ͇ ࠊ
͆ᙳ㡪ຊ͇ ࠊ ͆⤫ྜࢽ࣮ࢬࡢ㊊͇ ࠊ ͆⥴ⓗ⤖ྜࡢ ඹ᭷͇ࡘ࠸࡚)
ն ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢸ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ ࡶ ࡓ ࡽ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࡶ ࡢ
(㣤 ⏣
(2014)ࢆཧ⪃ࠊࠕ⏕άࡢ㉁ (quality of lifeࠊQOL) ࡢྥୖࠖ ࠊ ࠕ࢚ࣥࣃ࣓࣡ࣥࢺࠖ ࠊ ࠕ࢙࣭࢘ࣝࣅ࣮ࣥࢢࠖ
ࡘ࠸࡚)
ㄪᰝෆᐜ
ᖺ㱋ࠊ⮬㌟ࡀᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮ࠺ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠊ୍␒
ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬᑻᗘࡽᵓᡂࡉ
ࢀࡓ㉁ၥ⣬ࡘ࠸࡚ᅇ⟅ࢆồࡵࡓࠋ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬᑻᗘࡣࠊMcMillan & Chavis(1986)
ࡼࡗ࡚సᡂࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊᑠᒣࡽ(2002)ࡼࡗ࡚᪥ᮏ ㄒ∧ࡀసᡂࡉࢀࠊಙ㢗ᛶ࣭ጇᙜᛶࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇ ࡢᑻᗘࡣࠊ
4ࡘࡢᵓᡂせ⣲( ࣓͆ࣥࣂ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ͇ ࠊ ͆ᙳ㡪ຊ͇ ࠊ
͆⤫ྜࢽ࣮ࢬࡢ㊊͇ ࠊ ͆⥴ⓗ⤖ྜࡢඹ᭷͇
)ࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀ
3ࡘࡢ㉁ၥ㡯┠ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㡯┠ࡘ࠸࡚ ࠕᛮ
ࢃ࡞࠸ࠖ ࠊ ࠕ࠶ࡲࡾᛮࢃ࡞࠸ࠖ ࠊ ࠕࡲ࠶ᛮ࠺ࠖ ࠊ ࠕᛮ࠺ࠖࡽ
ᙜ࡚ࡣࡲࡿࡶࡢۑࢆࡅࠊ ࠕᛮࢃ࡞࠸ࠖࡀ
1Ⅼࠊ ࠕ࠶ࡲ
ࡾᛮࢃ࡞࠸ࠖࡀ
2Ⅼࠊ ࠕࡲ࠶ᛮ࠺ࠖࡀ
3Ⅼࠊ ࠕᛮ࠺ࠖࡀ
4Ⅼࡋ࡚ࠊ㉁ၥ㡯┠ࡢᅇ⟅ࢆຍ⟬ࡋ࡚ᚓⅬࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛
࠶ࡿ
ὀࠋ
⌮ⓗ㓄៖
⌮ⓗ㓄៖ࡣࠊ ᪥ᮏᚰ⌮⮫ᗋᏛࡢ⌮つ⛬ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊ ࠕ㉁ၥࡢᅇ⟅ࡢෆᐜࡀᤵᴗࡢホ౯㛵ಀ࡞࠸ࡇࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㉁
ၥࡢᅇ⟅ࡣᮏேࡢ⮬⏤ពᚿ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࠖ ࠊ ࠕᅇ⟅ࡢ᭷↓
ࢃࡽࡎ┈ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸ࡇࠖ ࠊ ࠕᅇ⟅ࡢෆᐜࡣ⤫
ィⓗฎ⌮ࢆࡋࠊ ಶேࢆ≉ᐃࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡞࠸ࡇࠖ ࠊ ࠕᅇ⟅ࡢෆᐜࢆࡲࡵࡓࡶࡢࡣᏛࡢሗ࿌᭩➼ᥖ㍕ࡍ
ࡿࡇࠖ ࠊ ࠕࡲࡵࡓෆᐜࡣࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᙧᡂ㛵ࡍࡿ
ࡇᐤࡍࡿࡓࡵᙺ❧࡚ࡿࡇࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㉁ၥࡢᅇ⟅ࢆ
ࡶࡗ࡚ྠពࡋࡓࡶࡢࡍࡿࡇࠖ ࠊ ࠕྠពࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣ㉁
ၥᅇ⟅ࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࡇࠖ ࠊࢆ㯮ᯈグ㍕ࡋࡓᚋࠊཱྀ
㢌࡛ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓࠋ
⤖ᯝ
⮬㌟ࡀᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
⮬㌟ࡀᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡣ⾲
2ㄪᰝᖺ ᑐ㇟⪅ᩘ ᭷ຠᅇ⟅⪅ᩘ ᭷ຠᅇ⟅⋡
2015
ᖺ
128 112 87.502016
ᖺ
115 98 85.222017
ᖺ
124 111 89.522018
ᖺ
117 102 87.18ྜィ
484 423 87.40ࡢ࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୍␒ከࡗࡓࡶࡢࡣࠊ ࠕࣝࣂࢺࠖ
ࡢ
397ྡ(93.85%)࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋḟ࠸࡛ࠊ ࠕᏛࠖࡢ
335ྡ
(79.20%)ࠊࠕᐙ᪘ࠖࡢ
278ྡ(65.72%)ࠊ ࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖ
ࡢ
222ྡ(52.48%)࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
⾲ 㸬⮬㌟ࡀᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢸ」
ᩘᅇ⟅
N=423
ᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ୍࡛␒ዲࡁ࡞ࡶࡢ
⮬ศࡀᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢ࡞
୍࡛␒ዲࡁ࡞ࡶࡢࡣࠊ⾲
3ࡢ࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୍␒ከ
ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡣࠊ ࠕᐙ᪘ࠖࡢ
111ྡ(26.24%)࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋḟ࠸
࡛ࠊ ࠕࣝࣂࢺࠖࡢ
78ྡ(18.44%)ࠊ ࠕ㐩ࠖࡢ
73ྡ
(17.25%)ࠊࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖࡢ
51ྡ(12.06%)ࠊ ࠕᏛࠖ
ࡢ
46ྡ(10.87%)࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
⾲ 㸬ᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ୍࡛␒ዲࡁ࡞ࡶࡢ
N=423
୍␒ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᑐࡍࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ឤぬ
୍␒ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᑐࡍࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ
ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ⾲
4グࡋࡓࠋయࡢᖹᆒࡣ
12.62㸦SD=1.93㸧
࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ୍␒ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡈ࡛ࡣࠊ ࠕᑠ୰Ꮫᰯࠖ
(M=13.81ࠊSD=1.18)ࠊࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖ(M=13.37ࠊ SD=1.29)ࠊ
ࠕ㐩ࠖ
(M=12.95ࠊSD=1.86)ࠊࠕᐙ᪘ࠖ
(M=12.93ࠊ SD=2.02)ࠊࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࠖ
(M=12.89ࠊSD=1.37)ࡢ㡰࡛ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀ㧗ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ ࠕᑠ୰㧗ᰯࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㐩ࠖ ࠊ ࠕᐙ᪘ࠖ
ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࠕᆅᇦ࣭ᆅඖࠖࡼࡾ᭷ពࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤ ぬࡀ㧗ࡃࠊࡉࡽࠊ ࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖࡣࠊ ࠕࣝࣂࢺࠖ ࠊ ࠕ Ꮫ ࠖ ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢸ ឤ ぬ ࡣ 㧗 ࡗ ࡓ
(F(9,413)=5.44ࠊp<.001)ࠋ⾲ 㸬୍␒ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᑐࡍࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ
N=423
ᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮ࡼࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢศ㢮
ㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡈᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣑
ࣗࢽࢸࠕ1ࠖࠊ⪃࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡶࡢࢆࠕ0ࠖ➢ྕ
ࡋ࡚ࠊᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮ࡼࡾྛࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢ㛵㐃ࢆศ ᯒࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊᅛᐃ್ࡣ➨
1㍈ࡀ
0.18(0ӌnjӌ1)ࠊ➨2㍈ࡀ
0.17(0ӌnjӌ1)࡛ࠊࡇࡢ2㍈ࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࠊ⟬ฟࡉࢀ
ࡓ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࢫࢥࢆ⾲
5グࡋࡓࠋ
࢝ ࢸ ࢦ ࣜ ࣮ ࢫ ࢥ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚
Wardἲ ࡼ ࡿ ࢡ ࣛ ࢫ ࢱ ࣮ ศ ᯒ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࡇ ࢁ ࠊ
4ࡘ ศ 㢮 ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࢝ ࢸ ࢦ ࣜ ࣮ ⩌ ࡀ ᢳ ฟ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ
1ࡘ ࡵ ࡢ ࢡ ࣛ ࢫ ࢱ ࣮ ࡣ ࠊ ࠕ ᐙ ᪘ ࠖࠊࠕ ࣝ ࣂ ࢺ ࠖࠊࠕ Ꮫ ࠖࠊࠕ ᆅ ᇦ ࣭ ᆅ ඖ ࠖ ࡽ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢෆᐜ
n %ࣝࣂࢺ
397 93.85Ꮫ
335 79.20ᐙ᪘
278 65.72㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝ
222 52.48㐩
188 44.44ࢡࣛࢫ࣭ࢮ࣑
186 43.97ᆅᇦ࣭ᆅඖ
183 43.26ᑠ୰㧗ᰯ
104 24.59SNS 85 20.09
࣎ࣛࣥࢸ
73 17.26ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢෆᐜ
n %ᐙ᪘
111 26.24ࣝࣂࢺ
78 18.44㐩
73 17.25㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝ
51 12.06Ꮫ
46 10.87ࢡࣛࢫ࣭ࢮ࣑
22 5.20ᆅᇦ࣭ᆅඖ
21 4.96࣎ࣛࣥࢸ
12 2.84ᑠ୰㧗ᰯ
7 1.65SNS 2 0.47
୍␒ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ
n M SD
ᑠ୰㧗ᰯ
7 13.81 1.18㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝ
51 13.37 1.29㐩
73 12.95 1.86ᐙ᪘
111 12.93 2.02࣎ࣛࣥࢸ
12 12.89 1.37ࣝࣂࢺ
78 12.24 1.91ࢡࣛࢫ࣭ࢮ࣑
22 12.23 1.84Ꮫ
46 11.93 1.99ᆅᇦ࣭ᆅඖ
21 11.05 1.67SNS 2 9.50 2.59
య
423 12.62 1.93ᵓ ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ ࠊᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࡢ ྜ ࡣ
60.5%࡛ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ2ࡘ ࡵ ࡢ ࢡ ࣛ ࢫ ࢱ ࣮ ࡣ ࠊࠕ ᑠ ୰ 㧗 ᰯ ࠖࠊࠕ 㒊 ά ࣭ ࢧ ࣮ ࢡ ࣝ ࠖࠊ ࠕ 㐩 ࠖࠊࠕ ࢡ ࣛ ࢫ ࣭ ࢮ ࣑ ࠖ ࡽ ᵓ ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ ࠊ ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࡢ ྜ ࡣ
36.2%࡛ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ3 ࡘ ࡵ ࡢ ࢡ ࣛ ࢫ ࢱ ࣮ ࡣ ࠕ ࣎ ࣛ ࣥ ࢸ ࠖ ࡛ ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࡢ ྜ ࡣ
2.8%ࠊ4ࡘ ࡵ ࡢ ࢡ ࣛ ࢫ ࢱ ࣮ ࡣ ࠕ
SNSࠖ ࡛ ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࡢ ྜ ࡣ 0.5%࡞ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡓ ࠋ
⾲ 㸬ᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᩘ㔞
Ϫ㢮ࡼࡗ࡚⟬ฟࡉࢀࡓ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࢫࢥ
ᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮ࡼࡗ࡚⟬ฟࡉࢀࡓࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࢫ ࢥࡢศᯒ
ᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮ࡼࡗ࡚⟬ฟࡉࢀࡓࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࢫࢥ
ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ศᯒࢆࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘࡀࡁ࠸ࡓࡵ㠀 㝵ᒙ NPHDQV ἲࡼࡾ ࡘศ㢮ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ➨ ㍈
➨ ㍈ࡢᖹᆒࢆศᩓศᯒࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊ᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀ࠶ࡗ ࡓ⾲ ࠋ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑࠾ࡅࡿ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࢫ ࢥࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࢫࢥࡢᩓᕸᅗ
ᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮ࡼࡗ࡚⟬ฟࡉࢀࡓ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࢫࢥ࠾ࡼ
ࡧࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ศᯒࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓ
4ࡘࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢧ
ࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࢫࢥࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆᅗ
1ࡢ࠾ࡾ
2ḟඖ㓄⨨ࡢ ᩓᕸᅗୖグࡋࡓࠋ➨
1ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ⩌ࡣ
149ྡ
(35.2%)࡛ࠕᐙ᪘ࠖࠊ ࠕࣝࣂࢺࠖ ࠊ ࠕᏛࠖ ࠊ ࠕᆅᇦ࣭ᆅඖࠖ
ࡽ࡞ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ⩌ࡢ࡞ࠊ➨
2ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢧࣥ
ࣉࣝ⩌ࡣ
159ྡ(37.6%)࡛ࠕᑠ୰㧗ᰯࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㒊άࠖ ࣭ ࠕࢧ࣮
ࢡࣝࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㐩ࠖ ࠊ ࠕࢡࣛࢫ࣭ࢮ࣑ࠖࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ⩌ࡢ࡞
ࠊ➨
3ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ⩌ࡣ
57ྡ(13.5%)࡛ࠕᐙ ᪘ࠖ ࠊ ࠕࣝࣂࢺࠖ ࠊ ࠕᏛࠊᆅᇦ࣭ᆅඖࠖࡽ࡞ࡿࢥ࣑
ࣗࢽࢸ⩌ࠕSNSࠖࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢ㛫ࠊ➨
4ࢢࣝ
࣮ࣉࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ⩌ࡣ
58ྡ(13.7%)࡛ࠕᐙ᪘ࠖࠊ ࠕࣝࣂ
ࢺࠖ ࠊ ࠕᏛࠖ ࠊ ࠕᆅᇦ࣭ᆅඖࠖࡽ࡞ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ⩌
ࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࠖࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢ㛫ᕸ⨨ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
ࡘࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ⩌ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ
ᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮ࡼࡗ࡚⟬ฟࡉࢀࡓࢧࣥࣉࣝࢫࢥࢆࢡࣛ
ࢫࢱ࣮ศᯒࡋ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓ
4ࡘࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ឤぬࡣࠊ➨
1ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ
M=12.18ࠊSD=1.97ࠊ➨2ࢢࣝ
࣮ࣉࡀ
M=13.05ࠊSD=1.81ࠊ➨3ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ
M=12.68ࠊ SD=1.83ࠊ➨4ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ
M=12.49ࠊSD=2.00࡛ࠊศ ᩓศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇࢁࠊ➨
2ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ➨
1ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡼ
ࡾ᭷ព㧗ࡗࡓ(F(3,419)=5.55ࠊP<0.001)ࠋ
ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ ࡘࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ㛵ಀ ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ㸲ࡘࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢡࣟࢫ⾲ࢆ
⾲
7ࡢ࠾ࡾグࡋࡓࠋ
ࠕᐙ᪘ࠖ ࠊ ࠕࣝࣂࢺࠖ ࠊ ࠕᏛࠖ ࠊ ࠕᆅᇦ࣭ᆅᇦࠖࢆዲ ࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᣲࡆ࡚࠸ࡿ➨
1ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮࡛ࡣࠊ
42.2%ࡀ➨1ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࠊ29.3%ࡀ➨
2ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࠊ14.8%
ᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ ➨
1㍈ ➨
2㍈ ྛࢡࣛ
ࢫࢱ࣮
ᐙ᪘
-0.39 0.46➨
1ࣝࣂࢺ
0.07 0.12Ꮫ
0.08 0.19ᆅᇦ࣭ᆅඖ
0.16 0.62ᑠ୰㧗ᰯ
-0.89 -1.85➨
2㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝ
0.28 -0.89㐩
-0.71 -0.69ࢡࣛࢫ࣭ࢮ࣑
-0.45 -0.82࣎ࣛࣥࢸ
4.82 0.10➨
3SNS -0.93 3.69
➨
4⾲ 㸬ᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮ࡼࡗ࡚⟬ฟࡉࢀࡓࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࢫࢥ࠾ࡼࡧࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ศᯒ⤖ᯝ
➨
1ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
(n=149)
➨
2ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
(n=159)
➨
3ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
(n=57)
➨
4ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
(n=58) F(3,419)
M SD M SD M SD M SD
➨
1㍈
-0.15 0.41 -0.38 0.41 -0.57 0.58 2.31 1.16349.35***
4>1>2>3
➨
2㍈
0.27 0.24 0.34 -0.85 1.88 0.59 0.00 0.77510.95***
3>2>1>4
****p<0.001
ᅗ 㸬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑࠾ࡅࡿ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࢫࢥࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࢫࢥࡢᩓᕸᅗ
➨㸯ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
➨㸰ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
➨㸱ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
➨㸲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
ࣝࣂࢺ
Ꮫ
ࢡࣛࢫ࣭ࢮ࣑
ᐙ᪘
㐩
㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝ
࣎ࣛࣥࢸ
ᑠ୰㧗ᰯ
ᆅᇦ࣭ᆅඖ
SNS-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
➨ 㸰 ㍈
➨㸯㍈
ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
࣎ࣛࣥࢸ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
⾲ 㸬ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࢫࢥ࠾ࡅࡿ ࡘࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢡࣟࢫ⾲
ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ ➨
1ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
➨
2ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
➨
3ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
➨
4ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
➨
1ᐙ᪘
44 32 18 17ࣝࣂࢺ
25 28 13 12Ꮫ
27 10 5 4ᆅᇦ࣭ᆅඖ
12 5 2 2➨
2ᑠ୰㧗ᰯ
1 5 0 1㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝ
11 27 7 6㐩
21 41 8 3ࢡࣛࢫ࣭ࢮ࣑
8 10 2 2➨
3࣎ࣛࣥࢸ
0 1 0 11➨
4 SNS 0 0 2 0Ȯ
2=118.96 df=27 ***p<0.001 N=423ࡀ➨
3ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࠊ13.7%ࡀ➨
4ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉศ㢮ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
➨
2ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ࡢࠕᑠ୰㧗ᰯࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖ ࠊ ࠕ
㐩ࠖ ࠊ ࠕࢡࣛࢫ࣭ࢮ࣑࡛ࠖࡣࠊ➨
2ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
54.2%ከࡃࠊ➨
1ࢡ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ
26.8%ࠊ➨3ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ
11.1㸣ࠊ➨4
ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ
7.9%࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ➨3ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ࡢࠕ࣎
ࣛࣥࢸࠖࡣ➨
4ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
91.7%ࠊ➨4ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮
ࡢࠕSNSࠖࡣ➨
3ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
100%ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡓࠋ⪃ᐹ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑
ಖ⫱⪅ࢆ┠ᣦࡍዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡣࠊࠕࣝࣂࢺࠖ ࠊ ࠕ
Ꮫࠖ ࠊ ࠕᐙ᪘ࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖ࠸࠺ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮࠾ࡼࡧࢡ
ࣛࢫࢱ࣮ศᯒࡼࡾྛࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢ㛵㐃ࢆศᯒࡋࡓ⤖
ᯝ࡛ࡣࠊ ࠕࣝࣂࢺࠖ ࠊ ࠕᏛࠖ ࠊ ࠕᐙ᪘ࠖࡀ➨ ࢡࣛࢫࢱ
࣮ᒓࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖࡣ➨ ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮
ᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡢ➨ ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ࡣዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡢ᪥ᖖࡢ
⏕ά࠾ࡅࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇࡽࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗ
ࢽࢸࠖྡࡍࡿࡇࡋࡓࠋ ࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖࡣࠕᑠ
୰㧗ᰯࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㐩ࠖ ࠊ ࠕࢡࣛࢫ࣭ࢮ࣑ࠖࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ⩌ࡢ
࡞࠶ࡿࡇࢁࡽࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖྡࡍ
ࡿࡇࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ࡞࡛ࠕᑠ୰㧗ᰯࠖࡣࡑࡢࡶࡢ⌧
Ⅼ࡛㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣࡑࡢᙜࡢ௰㛫㛵ಀࡀ
⌧ᅾࡶ⥆࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢࡇࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡋ࡚ࡢព
㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡽࠊ➨
2ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮
ࡣࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡍࡿࡇࡀ㐺ᙜ⪃࠼ࡓࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊ➨
3ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ࡣࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࠖࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ ࡇࡽࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖྡࡋࡓࠋ➨
4
ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ࡣࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢆ⏝ࡋࡓࠕSNSࠖࡔࡅ
࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇࡽࠊ ࠕࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ
ྡࡋࡓࠋ
ᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮ࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓࢧࣥࣉࣝࢫࢥࢆࢡࣛࢫ ࢱ࣮ศᯒࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛ࡣࠊ ➨
1ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ⩌ࡣࠊ ࠕ᪥
ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡢ࡞࠶ࡿࡇࡽࠊ᪥ᖖ⏕άࡢ࡞
࡛ࡢ㞟ᅋࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡇࡀ᥎ ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖᡤᒓព㆑ࢆ
ᣢࡘዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡣ⣙
3௨ୖ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ➨
2ࢢ࣮ࣝ
ࣉࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ⩌ࡣࠊ ࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡢ࡞࠶ࡿ
ࡇࡽࠊ௰㛫ព㆑ࡀ࠶ࡿ㞟ᅋ࠸࠺ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᡤᒓ ព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᥎ ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗ
ࢽࢸࠖ ᡤᒓព㆑ࢆᣢࡘዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡣ⣙
4࠸ࡿ⪃࠼
ࡽࢀࡓࠋ➨
3ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ⩌ࡣࠊ ࠕࣥࢱ࣮ࢿ
ࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡢ㛫࠶ࡿ
ࡇࡽࠋࡑࡢ୧᪉ᡤᒓព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᥎ ࡉ
ࢀࡓࠋ ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᡤᒓព㆑ࢆᣢࡘዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡣ⣙
1࡞
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ➨
4ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ⩌ࡣࠊ ࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡢ㛫࠶ࡿࡇ
ࡽࠊࡑࡢ୧᪉ᡤᒓព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᥎ ࡉ
ࢀࠊዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡢ⣙
1࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
4
ࡘࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ ࠕ௰㛫
ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡢᡤᒓព㆑ࡀ࡛࠶ࡿ➨
1ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀ୍␒㧗ࡃࠊ ࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ
ࡢᡤᒓព㆑ࡀ࡛࠶ࡿ➨
2ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ୍␒పࡗࡓࠋ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡣࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ ࠊ ࠕࣥࢱ࣮
ࢿࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ ࠊ ࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࠊ ࠕ᪥
ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࢆࡋ࡚ᡤᒓព㆑ࢆᣢ ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㡰పࡃ࡞ࡿ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
ዲࡁᛮ࠺ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢព㆑
⮬ศࡀᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢ࡞
୍࡛␒ዲࡁ࡞ࡶࡢࡣࠊࠕᐙ᪘ࠖࠊࠕࣝࣂࢺࠖࠊࠕ㐩ࠖࠊ ࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖ ࠊ ࠕᏛࠖࡀ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ୍
␒ዲࡁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀ㧗ࡗࡓ
ࡶࡢࡣࠊ ࠕᑠ୰Ꮫᰯࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㒊ά࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࠖ ࠊ ࠕ㐩ࠖ ࠊ ࠕᐙ᪘ࠖ ࠊ ࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࡽᑐࡋ࡚ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ឤぬࡀపࡗࡓࡶࡢࡣࠕSNS࡛ࠖ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ
ࡽࠊ ࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࢆዲࡁᛮࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࡶࢥ࣑ࣗ
ࢽࢸឤぬࡣࠕࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ௨እࡢࢥ
࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡼࡾࡶప࠸࠸࠺ࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ ࠕࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡋ࡚ࠕSNSࠖࢆ୍␒
ዲࡁ࡞ࡶࡢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡣࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀప࠸
࠸࠺ࡇࡶ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ ࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ
ࢆዲࡁᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀ㧗࠸࠸
࠺ࡇࡀ࠺ࡀࢃࢀࡓࠋ
ࡋࡋࠊ ࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡸࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ࠖᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢከࡃࡀࠊ࠸ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊ ࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡸ
ࠕࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡶᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃
࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊዲࡁᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸࡋ࡚⮬ᕫ ࡢᏑᅾࢆ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
୍᪉࡛ࠊᗄࡘࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽ
ࡣࠊ㝵ᒙⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⌧≧ࡀᢕᥱ࡛
ࡁࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇࡽࠊᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮ࡼࡗ࡚᥇⏝ࡋࡓ➨
1
㍈ࡣࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠕእⓗࠖࡢᶵ⬟ⓗ࡞ࡘ࡞
ࡀࡾࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊ ࠕᶵ⬟ࠖ㍈ྡ࡛ࡁࡿ
᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
➨
2㍈ࡣࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࢆ⥴ⓗ࡞㛵ಀࡋ
࡚ࠊ ࠕࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࢆ௬ⓗ㛵ಀࡋ࡚
ᐃࡍࡿࠊ⮬㌟ࡢ㞟ᅋࡢࠕ㛵ಀࠖࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃
࠼ࡽࢀࠊ ࠕ㛵ಀࠖ㍈ྡ࡛ࡁࡿ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ
2㍈ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ㛵ಀⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ᶵ⬟ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࠸࠺
2ḟඖࡋ࡚ᕪࡍࡿ࡞࡛ࠊ 㝵ᒙⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆ
ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᥎ ࡛ࡁࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ᶵ⬟ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ㛵ಀⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ᶵ⬟ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࠾ࡼࡧ㛵ಀⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡘ࠸
࡚ࡣࠊ㣤⏣ࡀඛ⾜◊✲ࡢࣞࣅ࣮ࣗࡽ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺
ࡲࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᶵ⬟ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡣࠊ≉ᐃࡢ㛵ᚰࡘ࠸࡚ࡢఱࡽ
ࡢࢹࣥࢸࢸࡢព㆑ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ♫ࢩ ࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡿᐙ᪘ࠊᏛᰯࠊ⫋ሙ㞟ᅋࠊබඹࡢ⤌⧊࡞ࡔ ࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ♫ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛫ࡢ┠ぢ࠼࡞࠸ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ
࡞ࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 㛵ಀⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡣࠊ ⏕άࡍࡿேࠎ
ࡗ࡚ඹ㏻ࡢつ⠊ࡸ౯್ࠊ㛵ᚰࠊ┠ᶆࠊྠ୍どಙ㢗 ࡢឤࢆඹ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᚰ⌮♫ⓗ࡞ሙࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛
࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㛵ಀⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡣ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿ┦స⏝ᐇ㊶ⓗධࡋ࡚⾜ࡃࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ᶵ⬟ⓗ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ
ᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࠊᩘ㔞Ϫ㢮ࡼࡗ࡚᥇⏝ࡋࡓ
2㍈ࡀ ࠕᶵ⬟ࠖ㍈ࠕ㛵ಀࠖ㍈࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ㍈ᕪࡍࡿࡼ࠺
ࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ ࠊ ࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ ࠊ ࠕ࣎
ࣛࣥࢸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ ࠊ ࠕࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ࠖᑐࡋ࡚ࠊㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡣ㝵ᒙⓗᡤᒓព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ ࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ ࠊ ࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡣࠊ♫ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡿ
ᐙ᪘ࠊᏛᰯࠊබⓗ⤌⧊ࡋ࡚ࡢᶵ⬟ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛࠶
ࡾࠊ ࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢸࠖ ࠊ ࠕࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ࠖࡣࠊඹ㏻ࡢ౯್ࠊ㛵ᚰࠊ┠ᶆࠊྠ୍どಙ㢗ࡢឤ
ࢆඹ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㛵ಀⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
୍᪉࡛ࠊ ࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ ࠊ ࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖ ࠊ ࠕ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࠊ ࠕࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢥ࣑ࣗ
ࢽࢸࠖࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀ㧗࠸ࡇࡣࠊᆅᇦࡽ⋓
ᚓࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢࡋ࡚ࡢ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸࡼࡾࡶ≉
ᐃࡢಶேࡢ㛵ᚰࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࢹࣥࢸࢸࡀᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚
࠸ࡿࡇࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡢࡇࡣࠊ⮬ᕫࡢ
㧗ᥭឤࡸ⮬ᑛᚰࢆ‶ࡓࡍ㞟ᅋࢆᡤᒓព㆑ࡀᣢ࡚ࡿࢥ࣑ࣗ
ࢽࢸࡋ࡚ホ౯ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࡀ࠺ࡀࢃࢀࡿࠋ
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸ
Turner(1982)
ࡣ ࠊ ⮬ ᕫ ࢝ ࢸ ࢦ ࣜ ࣮ ⌮ ㄽ 㸦
self - categorization theory㸧ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡿಶேࡀࡢࡼ࠺࡞㞟ᅋᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢆ㝵ᒙᵓ㐀ࡼࡗ࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢ⌮ㄽࡼࡿࠊእ㞟ᅋࡢே㛫⮬ᕫࡢ㐪࠸ࢆ㝿❧
ࡓࡏࠊෆ㞟ᅋࡢே㛫⮬ᕫࡢ㢮ఝᛶࢆ᫂☜ࡍࡿ㞟ᅋ ࡀࠊ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸࡋ࡚άᛶࡋࡸࡍ࠸㞟ᅋ
࡞ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢ⮬ᕫ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ⌮ㄽࡽᮏ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᤊ࠼┤
ࡍࠊ ࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛ࠖࡣࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡀ 㧗࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊእ㞟ᅋࡢே㛫⮬ᕫࡢ㐪࠸ࢆ㝿❧ࡓࡏࠊෆ 㞟ᅋࡢே㛫⮬ᕫࡢ㢮ఝᛶࢆ᫂☜ࡋ࡚ࠊ♫ⓗ
ࢹࣥࢸࢸࡀάᛶࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ ࢸࡣ㛵ಀⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊඹ㏻ࡢつ⠊ࡸ౯
್ࠊ㛵ᚰࠊ┠ᶆࠊྠ୍どಙ㢗ࡢឤࢆඹ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᚰ
⌮♫ⓗ࡞ሙ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊ⮬ᕫࡢ㧗ᥭឤࡸ⮬
ᑛᚰࢆ‶ࡓࡍ࠸࠺ࡇస⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡘࡲࡾࠊ♫ⓗࣥࢹࣥࢸࢸࡣࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬ ࡀࠕᆅᇦࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞㛵ࢃࡾࡸ㈉⊩ࡸാࡁࡅ࠸ࡗࡓ
⾜ືពᅗᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
(ᒸᮏࡽ,2009)࠸࠺ࡇࡼࡾࡶࠊ ࠕࡑࢀࡒࢀಶேࡢඹ㏻ࡢ౯್ࠊ㛵ᚰࠊಙ㢗ࡢឤࡢඹ
᭷࠸࠺㛵ಀⓗ࡞ࡶࡢస⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࡇࡀ࠺ࡀࢃ
ࢀࡿࠋ
୍᪉ࠊᶵ⬟ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡋ࡚ࡢࠕ᪥ᖖⓗࢥ࣑ࣗ
ࢸࠖࡣࠊ ࠕ௰㛫ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡼࡾࡶࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤ ぬࡀపࡗࡓࡇࡽࠊྠᵝ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸ
ࡶάᛶࡢᗘྜ࠸ࡀప࠸ࡇࡀ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊᶵ
⬟ⓗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࠸࠺♫ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ឤぬࡀࠊ㛵ಀᛶࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࠸࠺ಶࠎࡢᚰ⌮♫ⓗሙ ࡢࡼࡾࡶప࠸࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋゝ࠸࠼ࢀࡤࠊ♫ⓗ
ࢹࣥࢸࢸࡀ⮬ᕫࡢ㧗ᥭឤࡸ⮬ᑛᚰࢆ‶ࡓࡍෆ㞟 ᅋᑐࡋ࡚άᛶࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡛࠶
ࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊᮏ◊✲࠾ࡅࡿಖ⫱⪅ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡶࡢࡀࠊ ᆅᇦࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞㛵ࢃࡾࡸ㈉⊩ࡸാࡁࡅ࠸ࡗࡓ⾜ື
ࡼࡾࡶࠊ㞟ᅋಶேࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㄆ▱ⓗᡤ ᒓព㆑(Hinkle et al, 1989)ࡸ⥴ⓗ࡞⤎ࡋ࡚ࡢ⥴ⓗ
ᡤᒓព㆑(Hinkle et al, 1989)࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⮬ᕫࡢࢹࣥ
ࢸࢸࡢ☜❧ᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠺ࡀࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ឤぬࢆホ౯ࡍࡿᇶ‽࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ
ᆅᇦᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࡢಁ㐍ࡢྥࡅ࡚
ಖ⫱⪅ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡶࡢࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ
ࡢ⮬ᕫࡢࢹࣥࢸࢸ㛵㐃ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࠺ࡼ
ࡗ࡚ࠊ♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸࢆάᛶࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ
ࡀ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࢀࡣࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡼࡗ࡚ᚓ
ࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢࡋ࡚ࡢࠊᙉࡉࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢫ㸦᭷⬟ࡉ㸧ࡢ ༠ㄪࠊ࢚ࣥࣃ࣓࣡ࣥࢺࠊ♫ኚ㠉࠸ࡗࡓࡶࡢ(Duffy &
Wong,1996)ࠊಶேࡢᖾ⚟ࠊ♫ⓗබṇࠊᕷẸཧຍࠊேࡢ
ከᵝᛶࡢᑛ㔜࠸ࡗࡓࡶࡢ(Dalton et al,2001)ࠊࡢᮇ ᚅࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡢࡼ࠺⪃࠼ࢀࡤ࠸࠸ࡢ࠸࠺ࡇࡀ ㄢ㢟࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡇᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࠾ࡅ
ࡿᆅᇦᏊ⫱࡚ᨭồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡢࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ ࡀ㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿㄆ㆑ࡋࠊ࠺ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡃࡘ࠸
࡚ࠊලయⓗ࡞᪉␎ࢆ᫂♧ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊಖ⫱⪅ࢆ┠ᣦࡍሙྜࠊᏊ⫱࡚ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
㛵ࢃࡿࡇ⮬ᕫࡢࢹࣥࢸࢸࢆ㔜ࡡ࡚ぢࡘࡵ
┤ࡋࠊࠊᏊ⫱࡚ồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿㄢ㢟ࢆ⮬㌟ࡢㄢ㢟
ࡋ࡚ཷࡅṆࡵࡽࢀࡿ⤒㦂ࡀᚲせ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ
ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࡣࠊࡲࡎࠊಖ⫱⪅ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ㐣⛬ࡢ࡞࡛ࠊ Ꮚ⫱࡚ࢆࡵࡄࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸཧຍࡍࡿ⤒㦂ࢆከࡃᣢࡘ ࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢព㆑ࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇ࡛
࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ࠺࠼࡛⮬㌟ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑ࢥ
࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࢆホ౯ࡋࠊᆅᇦ✚ᴟⓗ㛵ࢃࡾ㈉⊩ࡋ
࡚࠸ࡃ࠸࠺♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸࢆᶵ⬟ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃ ࡇࡢᐇ㝿ࢆ⌮ゎࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤒㦂 ࡣࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑ࢆࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡢᙧᡂ
ࡘ࡞ࡆ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋಖ⫱⪅ࡶ┠ᣦࡍࡶࡢࡣࠊ ᆅᇦࡢᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࡢάືࡢ࡞࡛♫ⓗࢹࣥࢸࢸ
ࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㐣⛬ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡼ
ࡿᆅᇦᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࢆಁ㐍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ
⪃࠼ࡿࠋ
ᚋࡢㄢ㢟
ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᡤᒓព㆑ࡼࡗ࡚ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡢ
⛬ᗘࡀ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢせᅉࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ⓗ㛵ಀⓗ
ࡢ
2㍈ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࠊ㝵ᒙⓗᗄࡘࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢ ᡤᒓព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ឤぬࡢ
4ࡘࡢせ⣲ࡑࢀࡒࢀᶵ⬟ⓗ࠾ࡼࡧ㛵ಀⓗࢥ࣑
ࣗࢽࢸࡢࡼ࠺స⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ
᫂ࡽ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࡢࡇ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊࢥ
࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡢ
4ࡘࡢせ⣲ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀ♫ⓗࢹࣥ
ࢸࢸࡢࡼ࠺㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡶ᫂ࡽ࡛ࡁ
࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢ㛵ಀࢆ᫂ࡽ࡛ࡁࢀࡤࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ
ࢸࡋ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢࡢࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡘ࠸࡚ලయⓗ
࡞᪉␎ࡀ᫂♧࡛ࡁࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊᚋࡣࠊᇶ
♏ⓗ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸឤぬࡢ
4ࡘࡢせ⣲ࡢᡤᒓព㆑
㛵ࡍࡿ⌮ㄽࡢᵓᡂᴫᛕࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㝵ᒙⓗ࡞㛵ಀࢆศᯒࡋ
࡚࠸ࡃ◊✲ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊศᯒࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡽࢀ
ࡓ▱ぢࢆᆅᇦࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸάືྲྀࡾධࢀࠊศᯒ⤖ᯝ ࡢᐇド◊✲ࢆྠ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ὀ
SENSE OF COMMUNITY INDEX ࡣ SENSE OF COMMUNITY INDEX ϩ(Chavis et al.,2008)ᨵゞࡉࢀࠊ ጇᙜᛶ࣭ಙ㢗ᛶ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢁ࡛ࠊࡇ
ࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲ࡢከࡃࡀSENSE OF COMMUNITY INDEX
ࡼࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࡣࡇࡢᑻᗘࡢ᪥ᮏ
∧ࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡋࡓࠋ
ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩
Ᏻ⸨ᘏ⏨㸪(2002) ᐙᗞ࣭Ꮫᰯ࣭ᆅᇦࡢᶵ⬟ࢆࠗࡍ࠘
㸫ᩍ⫱ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᚰ⌮ᏛࡢどⅬࡽ(ᛮᮇ࣭㟷ᖺᮇ
࠾ࡅࡿᚰ㌟་Ꮫᩍ⫱ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ)㸪ᚰ㌟་Ꮫ 42(1)㸪55-60㸬 Bennett. C.C., Anderson, L, S., Cooper, S., Hassol, L.,
Klein, D.C., & Rosenblum, G. (Eds.) 㸪 (1966) Community Psychology : A report of the Boston conference on the education of psychologists for community mental health㸪Boston University Press㸬 Chavis, D.M., Hogge, J.H., McMillan, D.W., &
Wandersman, A.
㸪
(1986) Sense of community through Brunswik’s lens : A first look. Journal of Community psychology, 14 (1), 24-40㸬Chavis, D.M., Lee, K.S., & Acosta, J.D.㸪(2008)The sense of community (SCI) revised: The reliability and validity of the SCI-2㸪Paper presented at the 2nd International Community Psychology Conference Lisboa, Portugal
㸬
Chipuer M. H., & Pretty G. M. H.㸪(1999) A review ofthe sense of community index: Current uses, factor structure, reliability, and further development㸪Journal of Community Psychology 27(6)㸪643-658㸬
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ヂ㸧㸪(1999) ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᚰ⌮Ꮫ㸹♫ၥ㢟ࡢ⌮ゎ
ຓ ࢼ࢝ࢽࢩࣖฟ∧㸧㸬㸬
Hinkle S., Taylor L. A., Fox-Cardamone D. L., & Crook K. F.㸪(1989) Intragroup identification and intergroup differentiation : A multicomponent approach㸪British Journal of Social Psychology 28(4)㸪305-317㸬
㣤⏣㤶⧊㸪(2014) ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᚰ⌮Ꮫ࠾ࡅࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ࡢᐃ⩏ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᚰ⌮Ꮫࡢ⊂⮬ᛶ㸪❧㤋⏘ᴗ♫
ㄽ㞟 49(3)㸪79-99㸬
ᑠᒣᱻ࣭ụ⏣‶࣭➲ᑿᩄ᫂,(2002) ᪥ᮏㄒ∧ࠕࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
ឤぬࠖᑻᗘ(ICU࣭SOC Scale)సᡂࡢヨࡳ㸸࣑ࢡ࣭࣐ࣟ
ࢡ࣭ࣟࣞ࣋ࣝࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸪᪥ᮏࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᚰ⌮Ꮫ➨6 ᅇⓎ⾲ㄽᩥ㞟 54-55.
ཌ⏕ປാ┬㸪(2016) ཌ⏕ປാⓑ᭩(ᖹᡂ 28ᖺ∧)㸫ேཱྀ㧗 㱋ࢆࡾ㉺࠼ࡿ♫ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ ᪥⤒༳ๅ㸬 ཌ⏕ປാ┬㸪(2017) ཌ⏕ປാⓑ᭩(ᖹᡂ 29ᖺ∧)㸫♫ಖ
㞀⤒῭ᡂ㛗 ᪥⤒༳ๅ㸬
ཌ⏕ປാ┬㸪(2018) ಖ⫱ᡤಖ⫱ᣦ㔪ゎㄝ ࣇ࣮ࣞ࣋ࣝ㤋㸬 McMillan D. W., & Chavis D. M.㸪(1986) Sense of community: A definition and theory㸪Journal of Community Psychology 14(1)㸪6-23㸬
ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬㸪(2018) ᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱せ㡿ゎㄝ ࣇ࣮ࣞ࣋ࣝ㤋㸬 ෆ㛶ᗓ㸪(2018) ᑡᏊ♫ᑐ⟇ⓑ᭩ࠑᖹᡂ30ᖺ∧ࠒ ᪥⤒༳ๅ㸬 Obst, P., Smith, S., & Zinkiewicz, L.㸪(2002) An exploration of sense of community, part Dimensions and predictors of psychological sense of community in geographical communities㸪Journal of Community Psychology 30(1)㸪119-133.
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㚝ၨఙ㸪(2010) ඣ❺ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࠾ࡅࡿᏊ⫱࡚ᨭ㸪⮫ᗋ
Ⓨ㐩ᚰ⌮ኈ➨6ᅇᅜⓎ⾲ᢒ㘓㞟 66-67㸬 Sarason S. B.㸪(1974) The Psychological Sense of
Community: Prospects for a community psychology㸬 Jossey-Bass㸬
➲ᑿᩄ࣭᫂Ώ㎶┤Ⓩ (2007) ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᚰ⌮Ꮫࡢㄌ⏕
ࡽ⌧ᅾࡲ࡛㸪ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᚰ⌮Ꮫࣁࣥࢻࣈࢵࢡ ᮾி
Ꮫฟ∧㸪4-19.
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ࡃࡾᚰ⌮Ꮫࠖฟྥࡅࡓᇶ♏⌮ㄽࡢᵓ⠏Ɇ㒔ᕷィ⏬ㄽ
⎔ቃᚰ⌮ᏛࡢᶫΏࡋࡼࡿᆅᇦ⏕ࡢࡓࡵɆ㸪ྡྂᒇእ ㄒᏛ⌧௦ᅜ㝿Ꮫ㒊⣖せ 9㸪31-47㸬
Tajfel H. 㸪 (1972) Social categorization English manuscript of La catégorization sociale㸪In S., Moscovici(Ed.), Introduction á la psychologie sociale㸬 Vol1㸪 Paris㸹Larousse㸬
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ɔᖇிᏛᏱ㒔ᐑ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳㄢ㢟ɔ㸪ᖇி
ᏛᏛ⏕࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢ◊✲ ห㸪45-50㸬
Turner J. C. 㸪(1982) Towards a cognitive redefinition of the social group㸬In: H., Tajfel (Ed.)㸪 Social identity and intergroup relations㸬Cambridge University Press㸬
᳜ᮧᙪ㸪(2012) ⌧௦ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸᚰ⌮Ꮫ ⌮ㄽᒎ 㛤 ᮾிᏛฟ∧㸬
The Sense of Belonging to the Community of Female University Students Aiming for Nursery Teachers
The Relationship between a Sense of Community and a Sense of Belonging
OGANE Hironobu
Department of Psychology, Faculty Human Relations, Tokaigakuin University
OGANE Kaname
Department of Childhood Education, Faculty Literature, Nagoya Women’s University
Abstract
The function of the community is diluted. Therefore community child care support project is carried out in a public system. So, the role of nursery teachers in the public system is important. In this study, I investigated sense of belonging to the community and sense of community to 484 female university students to be nursery teachers. And I considered a necessary thing for the nursery teachers’ training to promote of community child care support. The result, the sense of belonging to the community were categorized in "congenial community"(36.2%), "daily life community"(60.5%), "volunteer community"(2.8%), "internet community"(0.5%) by quantification III and cluster analysis. "The congenial community"(M=13.05㸪SD=1.81) which was the place of individual psychological joint ownership than "the daily life community"(M=12.18㸪 SD=1.97) as the social system was higher sense of community. From these, it considered that students aiming for nursery teaches had to experience community child care support activities. Such the experience will enhance their sense of community. And they will form the social identity in conjunction with the action for community contribution by sense of community.
Keywords
