Title 脳CTおよびMR画像における超急性期脳梗塞の診断支援に関する研究( 本文(Fulltext) ) Author(s) 長島, 宏幸 Report No.(Doctoral Degree) 博士(再生医科学) 乙第1466号 Issue Date 2013-03-19 Type 博士論文 Version publisher URL http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12099/48081 ※この資料の著作権は、各資料の著者・学協会・出版社等に帰属します。
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CT ࠾ࡼࡧ MR ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ
㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢデ᩿ᨭ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
Studies on diagnostic support for hyperacute ischemic stroke
in brain CT and MR images
ᒱ㜧ᏛᏛ㝔 ་Ꮫ⣔◊✲⛉ ⏕་⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ
⏕ᕤᏛㅮᗙ ▱⬟࣓࣮ࢪሗศ㔝
Department of Intelligent Image Information,
Division of Regeneration and Advanced Medical Sciences,
Graduate School of Medicine,
Gifu University
ᖹᡂ
25 ᖺ㸦2013 ᖺ㸧3 ᭶
March, 2013
㛗ᓥ ᏹᖾ
Hiroyuki Nagashima
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CT ࠾ࡼࡧ MR ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ
㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢデ᩿ᨭ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
㛗ᓥ ᏹᖾ
ᒱ㜧ᏛᏛ㝔 ་Ꮫ⣔◊✲⛉ ⏕་⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ
⏕ᕤᏛㅮᗙ ▱⬟࣓࣮ࢪሗศ㔝
ࠛ
501-1194 ᒱ㜧┴ᒱ㜧ᕷᰗᡞ 1-1
TEL㸸027-235-9488㸪FAX㸸027-235-2501
E-mail㸸[email protected]
ᣦᑟᩍᐁ㸸 ⸨⏣ᘅᚿ ᩍᤵ
せ᪨ ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆ⏬ീデ᩿ࡍࡿ་ᖌࢆᨭࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ⏬ീ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢ᭱㐺ࢆᅗࡿࡇ㸪⬻ CT ⏬ീୖࡢ㠀ᖖῐ࠸⏬ീ ᡤぢࢆ⮬ື᳨ฟࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚㸪⬻MR ⏬ീࡢ᭱㐺࡞⾲♧ ᮲௳ࢆ⮬ືㄪ⠇ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏㄽᩥࡣ9 ❶࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿ㸬➨1 ❶࡛ࡣᮏ◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒᴫせࢆ㏙ࡿ㸬➨ 2 ❶࡛ࡣ⬻ CT ⏬ീୖࡢ㉸ᛴ ᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰᕢࢆ㆑ูࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᭱㐺࡞࢘ࣥࢻ࢘᮲௳ࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿ㸬➨3 ❶ ࡽ➨5 ❶࡛ࡣ⬻ CT ⏬ീୖࡢࢃࡋ࠸㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰᕢࢆ⮬ື᳨ฟࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᑐ ഃᛶᕪศᢏ⾡ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱᨭデ᩿ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿ㸬➨6 ❶ ࡽ➨8 ❶࡛ࡣ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ⏬ീデ᩿ࡸ⒪㐺ᛂࡢỴᐃࡢ㝿᭷ຠ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿᣑᩓᙉㄪ⏬ീ࠾ࡼࡧぢࡅࡢᣑᩓಀᩘ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ᭱㐺࡞⾲♧᮲௳⮬ືㄪ⠇ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿ㸬᭱ᚋ㸪➨9 ❶࡛ࡣᮏ◊✲ࡢࡲࡵࢆ㏙ࡿ㸬( ii )
Studies on diagnostic support for hyperacute ischemic stroke
in brain CT and MR images
Hiroyuki Nagashima
Department of Intelligent Image Information,
Division of Regeneration and Advanced Medical Sciences,
Graduate School of Medicine,
Gifu University
1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
TEL: 027-235-9488, FAX: 027-235-2501
E-mail: [email protected]
Thesis adviser: Professor Hiroshi Fujita
Abstract
The purposes of this thesis are to attempt the optimization of image display conditions in brain computed tomography (CT) images, to develop an computerized scheme for detecting automatically the subtle image findings of hyperacute ischemic stroke (AIS) on brain CT images, and to develop a computerized scheme for adjusting automatically the proper display conditions in brain magnetic resonance images for support the radiologists and neurosurgeons who perform the diagnostic imaging of AIS. This paper consists of nine chapters. Chapter 1 describes the background and overview of this study. Chapter 2 describes the proper window widths for recognising the local lesions of AIS on brain CT images. Chapters 3-5 describe a computer-aided diagnostic scheme using the contralateral subtraction technique which detects automatically the suspected lesions in diagnostic brain CT imaging for AIS. Chapters 6-8 describe a computerized scheme for automated adjustment of proper display conditions in diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images and apparent diffusion coefficient maps effectively used for diagnostic imaging and treatment decisions of AIS. Finally, chapter 9 summarizes all of these studies.
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1 ❶ ⥴ ㄽ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 1
1.1 ࡣࡌࡵ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 1 1.2 ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ⏬ീ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢ᭱㐺㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 2 1.3 ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱᨭ᳨ฟ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 3 1.4 ⬻ MR ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢ⮬ືㄪ⠇㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 4 1.5 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗᵓᡂ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 4 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 6➨
2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ
࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃
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2.1 ⥴ゝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 13 2.2 ᪉ἲ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 13 2.2.1 ࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 14 2.2.1.1 ࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࡢసᡂ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 14 2.2.1.2 ⏬ീホ౯㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 16 2.2.1.2.1 ⏬ീࣀࢬࡢ ᐃ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 16 2.2.1.2.2 ROC ゎᯒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 16 2.2.2 ⮫ᗋ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 16 2.2.2.1 ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 16 2.2.2.2 ROC ゎᯒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 17 2.3 ⤖ᯝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 19 2.3.1 ࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 19 2.3.2 ⮫ᗋ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 20 2.4 ⪃ᐹ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 21 2.5 ⤖ㄒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 23 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 24( iv )
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3 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ᳨ฟࡢࡓࡵࡢ
ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱᨭデ᩿ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦
1㸧㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 25
3.1 ⥴ゝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 25 3.2 ᪉ἲ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 25 3.2.1 ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡢホ౯㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 25 3.2.2 ᑐഃᛶᕪศ⏬ീࡢసᡂ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 27 3.2.3 ⬻᱾ሰࡢೃ⿵㝜ᙳࡢ⮬ືᢳฟ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 27 3.2.4 ᢳฟࡋࡓ⬻᱾ሰೃ⿵㝜ᙳࡢ≉ᚩ㔞ศᯒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 27 3.2.5 ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ≉ᛶホ౯㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 31 3.3 ⤖ᯝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 31 3.4 ⪃ᐹ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 33 3.5 ⤖ㄒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 37 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 37➨
4 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ᳨ฟࡢࡓࡵࡢ
ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱᨭデ᩿ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦
2㸧㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 39
4.1 ⥴ゝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 39 4.2 ᪉ἲ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 39 4.2.1 ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡢホ౯㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 39 4.2.2 ᥦᡭἲࡢᴫせ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 40 4.2.3 ᑐഃᛶᕪศ⏬ീࡢసᡂ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 40 4.2.4 ⬻᱾ሰೃ⿵㝜ᙳࡢᣠ࠸ୖࡆฎ⌮㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 43 4.2.5 ➨ 1 ẁ㝵࠾ࡅࡿ≉ᚩᢳฟฎ⌮㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 44 4.2.6 ➨ 1 ẁ㝵࠾ࡅࡿഇ㝧ᛶೃ⿵ࡢ㝖ཤ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 44 4.2.7 ➨ 2 ẁ㝵࠾ࡅࡿ≉ᚩᢳฟฎ⌮ ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ᳨ฟ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 44 4.3 ⤖ᯝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 45 4.4 ⪃ᐹ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 49 4.5 ⤖ㄒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 52 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 53➨
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5 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ᳨ฟࡢࡓࡵࡢ
ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱᨭデ᩿ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦
3㸧㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 55
5.1 ⥴ゝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 55 5.2 ᪉ἲ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 55 5.2.1 ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 55 5.2.2 ᥦᡭἲࡢᴫせ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 57 5.2.3 ᑐഃᛶయ✚ᕪศࢹ࣮ࢱࡢసᡂ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 57 5.2.4 ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰೃ⿵ࡢᣠ࠸ୖࡆฎ⌮㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 58 5.2.5 ≉ᚩᢳฟฎ⌮㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 59 5.2.6 ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㝜ᙳࡢ᳨ฟฎ⌮㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 60 5.3 ⤖ᯝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 62 5.4 ⪃ᐹ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 64 5.5 ⤖ㄒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 66 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 66➨
6 ❶ ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ⬻ MR ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ
⾲♧᮲௳⮬ືㄪ⠇ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦
1㸧㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 67
6.1 ⥴ゝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 67 6.2 ᪉ἲ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 68 6.2.1 ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 68 6.2.2 ᥦᡭἲࡢᴫせ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 68 6.2.3 ⬻ᐇ㉁㒊ࡢᢳฟฎ⌮㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 69 6.2.4 どᗋ⨨Ỵᐃᡭἲ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 71 6.2.5 どᗋ㑅ᢥᡭἲ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 72 6.2.6 DWI ࡢ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢㄪ⠇㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 73 6.2.7 ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ≉ᛶホ౯㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 73 6.3 ⤖ᯝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 75 6.4 ⪃ᐹ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 77 6.5 ⤖ㄒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 80 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 80( vi )
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7 ❶ ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ⬻ MR ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ
⾲♧᮲௳⮬ືㄪ⠇ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦
2㸧㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 83
7.1 ⥴ゝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 83 7.2 ᪉ἲ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 84 7.2.1 ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 84 7.2.2 ᥦᡭἲࡢᴫせ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 85 7.2.3 ⬻ᐇ㉁㒊ࡢᢳฟฎ⌮㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 85 7.2.4 ⃰ᗘࣄࢫࢺࢢ࣒ࣛゎᯒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 86 7.2.5 DWI ࡢ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢㄪ⠇㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 86 7.2.6 ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ≉ᛶホ౯㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 86 7.3 ⤖ᯝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 89 7.4 ⪃ᐹ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 91 7.5 ⤖ㄒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 93 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 93➨
8 ❶ ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ⬻ MR ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ
⾲♧᮲௳⮬ືㄪ⠇ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦
3㸧㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 97
8.1 ⥴ゝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 97 8.2 ᪉ἲ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 97 8.2.1 ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 97 8.2.2 3 ḟඖ⏬ീࡢసᡂ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 98 8.2.3 ⬻ᐇ㉁㒊ࡢᢳฟ ADC map ࡢసᡂ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 98 8.2.4 ⃰ᗘࣄࢫࢺࢢ࣒ࣛゎᯒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 99 8.2.5 DWI ࠾ࡼࡧ ADC map ࡢ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢㄪ⠇㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 100 8.2.6 ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ≉ᛶホ౯㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 100 8.3 ⤖ᯝ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 102 8.4 ⪃ᐹ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 105 8.5 ⤖ㄒ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 106 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 106➨
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9 ❶ ⤖ ㄽ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 107
ㅰ㎡㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 111
ᮏㄽᩥ࡛⏝࠸ࡓㄽᩥ࠾ࡼࡧⓎ⾲ࣜࢫࢺ㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃 113
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➨1 ❶ ⥴ㄽ
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1.1 ࡣࡌࡵ ࢃࡀᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ⬻⾑⟶ᝈࡢṚஸ⪅ᩘࡣ㸪ᝏᛶ᪂⏕≀㸪ᚰᝈ㸪⫵⅖ḟ࠸࡛ Ṛᅉࡢ➨ 4 ࡛࠶ࡿ [1]㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⬻⾑⟶ᝈࡢᖹᆒᅾ㝔᪥ᩘࡣ㸪⢭⚄࠾ࡼࡧ⾜ື ࡢ㞀ᐖࢆྵࡴᝈࢆ㝖ࡅࡤ㸪ࡍ࡚ࡢᝈࡢ୰࡛᭱ࡶ㛗ࡃ㸪せㆤᛶᝈࡢ㤳 ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ [2]㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣࡢ୰࡛㸪⬻⾑⟶ᝈࡢデ᩿࠾ࡼࡧ⒪ࡣ㸪⏕ ணᚋࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪᪥ᖖ⏕άࡸ♫⏕άࡢᖐࡢࡓࡵࡢᶵ⬟ᨵၿࡢᐤࡶồ ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ⬻⾑⟶ᝈࡣ㸪⬻᱾ሰ㸪⬻ෆฟ⾑㸪ࢡࣔ⭷ୗฟ⾑ูࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪60㹼70 %ࡣ ⬻᱾ሰࡀ༨ࡵࡿ [3]㸬⬻᱾ሰࡣ㸪⏕ά⩦័ࡼࡿື⬦◳ࡸᚰ⮚ෆࡢ⾑ᰦࡀ ཎᅉ࡛⬻ື⬦ࡀ⊃✽ࡲࡓࡣ㛢ሰࢆ㉳ࡇࡋ㸪⬻⣽⬊ࡀ㞀ᐖࡉࢀࡿᝈ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⒪ ἲࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲ㸪ᢠจᅛ⒪ἲ㸪ᢠ⾑ᑠᯈ⒪ࡀ⾜ࡉࢀ㸪⬻⾑ᚋࡢ ⤒㐣㛫ࡼࡗ࡚ྛ⒪ἲࡀ㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡿ㸬2005 ᖺ 10 ᭶ㄆྍࡉࢀ㸪⬻᱾ሰࡢ㉸ ᛴᛶᮇࢆᑐ㇟ᐇࡉࢀࡿ⤌⧊ᆺࣉࣛࢫ࣑ࣀࢤࣥάᛶᅉᏊ㸦ࣝࢸࣉ࣮ࣛࢮ㸧 ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲࡣ㸪ᚋ㑇ࡢ࡞࠸ⓗ࡞≧ᨵၿࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ୍᪉㸪⒪㛤 ጞ㛫ࡀ⤒㐣ࡍࡿ㸪ᩆ῭ྍ⬟࡞⬻ᐇ㉁㒊ྍ㏫ⓗ࡞ኚࢆ᮶ࡓࡍࡓࡵ㸪 ⒪ࡢ᭷ຠᛶࡀపࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪᱾ሰᛶฟ⾑࡞ࡢ㔜࡞ྜేࢆᣍࡃྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿሗ ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ [4]㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪⏕ணᚋࡸ᪥ᖖ࣭♫⏕άࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ㸪᪩ᮇ ⬻᱾ሰ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆデ᩿ࡋ㸪ᩆ῭ྍ⬟࡞⬻ᐇ㉁㒊ࡢ᭷↓ࢆุ᩿ࡋ࡚㸪⒪ࢆ㛤ጞ ࡍࡿࡇࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿ㸬᪥ᮏ⬻༞୰Ꮫࡀసᡂࡋࡓࣝࢸࣉ࣮ࣛࢮࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⾑ᰦ ⁐ゎ⒪ἲ㛵ࡍࡿᣦ㔪ࡣ㸪⏬ീデ᩿ࡣ᭱ప㝈࡛῭ࡲࡏ㸪⒪㛤ጞ㛫ࢆ㐜ࡽࡏ ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇࡀ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋグࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ [5]㸬 ⬻᱾ሰࡢ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ࠾ࡅࡿ⏬ീデ᩿ࡣ㸪༢⣧ computed tomography㸦CT㸧᳨ ᰝࡸmagnetic resonance imaging㸦MRI㸧᳨ᰝࡀᐇࡉࢀࡿ㸬༢⣧ CT ᳨ᰝࡣ㸪ྛタ࠾ࡅࡿ⨨ࡢᬑཬ✌ാయไ㸪᳨ᰝ㛫ࡀ▷࠸࡞ࡢ≉㛗ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇࡽ㸪 ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ⏬ീデ᩿ࡋ࡚➨୍㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡿ㸬༢⣧ CT ᳨ᰝࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ ⬻ෆฟ⾑ࡸ⬻⭘⒆࡞ࡢ㝖እデ᩿ࡀయ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪CT ⨨ࡢⓎᒎࡼࡾపࢥ ࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺ᳨ฟ⬟ࡀྥୖࡋࡓࡓࡵ㸪⬻⾑ࡢึᮇẁ㝵࡛⓶㧊ቃ⏺ࡢᾘኻ㸪ࣞࣥࢬ ᰾࣭ᓥ⓶㉁ࡢ᫂░㸪⬻⁁ࡢᾘኻ࣭⊃ᑠࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪩ᮇ⾑ኚࢆᥥฟ࡛ࡁࡿ ࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪CT ⏬ീ࡛᪩ᮇ⾑ኚࢆ☜ㄆࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ⠊ᅖࡀ୰⬻ ື⬦ᨭ㓄ࡢ⬻ᐇ㉁㒊యࡢ 1/3 ௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ୟࡘ⬻ෆฟ⾑ࡢᏑᅾࡀ㝖እࡉࢀ㸪ྛ
➨1 ❶ ⥴ㄽ 2 -✀⚄⤒ᚩೃࡢ㐺ᛂᇶ‽ࡸ㝖እᇶ‽ࢆ‶ࡓࡋࡓⓎᚋ3 㛫௨ෆࡢ⬻᱾ሰ࡛ࡣ㸪 ࣝࢸࣉ࣮ࣛࢮࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲࡀᐇࡉࢀࡿ [5]㸬࡞࠾㸪ୖグ⒪ᣦ㔪࡛ࡣ㸪 ⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲࡢ㐺ᛂỴᐃ㛵ࡍࡿከタ⮫ᗋ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝ࠾࠸࡚㸪CT ⏬ീࢆ⏝ ࠸ࡿࡇࡢ⛉Ꮫⓗ᰿ᣐࡀᚓࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽ㸪⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲࡢ㐺ᛂࢆุ᩿ࡍࡿ ࡓࡵࡢ⏬ീデ᩿ࡣ CT ᳨ᰝࢆ⾜ࡋホ౯ࡍࡿࡇࡀ᥎ዡࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪 CT ⏬ീୖࡢ᪩ᮇ⾑ኚࡣ㸪⬻ᐇ㉁㒊ప྾ᇦࡋ࡚ฟ⌧ࡍࡿ㠀ᖖῐ࠸㝜 ᙳ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵどぬⓗ㆑ูࡋࡃࡃ㸪CT ⏬ീࢆៅ㔜ㄞᙳࡋ࡞࠸ぢⴠࡉࢀ ࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡉࡽ㸪ほᐹ⪅㛫࡛ㄆ㆑ᕪࡀ⏕ࡌࡿሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ [6]㹼[10]㸬 ୍᪉㸪MRI ᳨ᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪ྛ✀⏬ീࡀീࡉࢀࡿ୰࡛㸪⤌⧊ෆࡢỈศᏊࡢᣑᩓ⌧㇟ ࢆ⏬ീࡍࡿᣑᩓᙉㄪ⏬ീ㸦diffusion-weighted image㸸DWI㸧ࡣ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇࡢ⾑ 㡿ᇦࢆ㧗ಙྕࡋ࡚᫂░ᥥฟ࡛ࡁࡿ [11]㹼[15]㸬DWI ࡣ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ࡛࡞ ࡃ࡚ࡶ㧗ಙྕ࡞ࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡾ㸦T2 shine through ⌧㇟㸧㸪ࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ㝖እ㸪 ࡘࡲࡾ㸪ᣑᩓࡢ⛬ᗘࢆᐃ㔞ⓗホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪DWI 㸪DWI ྠീࡉࢀ ࡿ⏬ീ㸦b0 ⏬ീ㸧ࡢಙྕᙉᗘࡽ㸪ぢࡅࡢᣑᩓಀᩘ㸦apparent diffusion coefficient㸸 ADC㸧map ࡀసᡂࡉࢀࡿ [16]㹼[19]㸬ADC map ࡣ DWI ࡶ㸪Ꮡᅾデ᩿࠾ࡼ ࡧⓎࡽࡢᮇุ᩿⏝ࡉࢀ㸪⾑㡿ᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ⒪ᚋࡢྍ㏫ᛶࢆண ࡛ࡁ ࡿ࠸࠺ሗ࿌ࡶ࠶ࡿ [20][21]㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⏬ീୖࡢ⾑㡿ᇦ࠾ࡅࡿಙྕᙉᗘࡢ⛬ ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ⠊ᅖࡢ☜ᐃࡣ㸪⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲ࡞ࡢ⒪ἲࡢ㐺ᛂࢆỴᐃࡍࡿୖ࡛ࡶ㔜せ ࡞ሗ࡞ࡿ [22]㹼[27]㸬ࡋࡋ㸪MRI ᳨ᰝࡣ㸪CT ᳨ᰝẚ᳨࡚ᰝ㛫ࡀ㛗ࡃ㸪 ࡲࡓ㸪MR ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲࡢ㐺ᛂᇶ‽㛵ࡍࡿከタ⮫ᗋ◊✲ࡣᏑᅾ ࡏࡎ㸪DWI ࡢ⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲ࠾ࡅࡿព⩏ࡣ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬⌧ᅾ㸪ࣛࣥࢲ ࣒ẚ㍑ヨ㦂࡞ࡢ㉁ࡢ㧗࠸⮫ᗋ◊✲ࡀᐇࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ [28]㹼[30]㸬 1.2 ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ⏬ീ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢ᭱㐺 ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ࠾ࡅࡿ CT ᳨ᰝ࠾࠸࡚㸪࣐ࣝࢳࢫࣛࢫ CT ⨨ࡢⓏሙ ࡼࡾ㸪ⷧ࠸ࢫࣛࢫീࢆຍ⟬ࡍࡿࢫࢱࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣕࣥࡀ⏝࡛ࡁ㸪ࡉࡽ㸪⏬ീ ᵓᡂ⏝ࡉࢀࡿᢞᙳᩘࡢቑຍ᳨ฟჾࡢᨵၿࡶຍࢃࡗ࡚㸪⬻⾑ࡢึᮇẁ㝵࡛ ᪩ᮇ⾑ኚࢆᥥฟ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪CT ⏬ീୖࡢ᪩ᮇ⾑ኚࡣ㸪 㠀ᖖῐ࠸ప྾ᇦࢆ࿊ࡍࡿࡓࡵどぬⓗ㆑ูࡋࡃࡃ㸪㐺ษ࡞ᙳ᮲௳ୗ࡛ ᙳࡉࢀࡓሙྜࡣぢⴠࡉࢀࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ྛタ࡛ᙳࡉࢀ㸪the european cooperative acute stroke study㸦ECASS㸧Ⓩ㘓ࡉࢀࡓ 620 ࡢ⬻ CT ⏬
ീ࠾࠸࡚㸪⏬ീⰋ࡞ࡀ20 %Ꮡᅾࡋࡓሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ [31]㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪
➨1 ❶ ⥴ㄽ
ࡢタᐃࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬
ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㸪⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿపࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺ᳨ฟ⬟ࡢྥୖࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓ㸪⥺
㉁㛵ࢃࡿ⟶㟁ᅽࡸ㸪⏬ീࣀࢬ㛵ࢃࡿࢫ࢟ࣕࣥ᪉ᘧ㸪㹖⥺ฟຊ㸪ࢫࣛࢫཌ㸪 ࠾ࡼࡧ⏬ീᵓᡂ㛵ᩘ࡞ࡢᙳࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡢ᭱㐺㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡣ㸪ᩘከࡃሗ ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ [32]㹼[38]㸬ࡲࡓ㸪middle cerebral artery embolism local fibrinolytic intervention trial japan㸦MELT Japan㸧࡛ࡣ㸪⬻ CT ᳨ᰝ࠾ࡅࡿᙳ᮲௳⏬ീ⾲ ♧᮲௳ࡢᶆ‽ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࡉࡽ㸪ㄞᙳカ⦎ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⏝ពࡋ࡚㸪᪩ᮇ⾑ኚ ᑐࡍࡿ᳨ฟ⬟ࡢྥୖࢆᅗࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ [39]㸬MELT Japan ࡢሗ࿌ࡢ୰࡛㸪⏬ീ⾲♧ ᮲௳࡛࠶ࡿ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜ㸦window width㸸WW㸧ࡢタᐃࡣ㸪80 hounsfield units㸦HU㸧 ௨ୗࡍࡿࡇࡀ᥎ዡࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪⮫ᗋ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿほⓗホ౯ࡼࡾ㸪 WW ࢆ⊃ࡃࡋ࡚ほᐹࡍࡿࡇࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ࠸࠺ሗ࿌ࡀࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ [40][41]㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆᑐ㇟㸪ᙳ⥺㔞ࢆኚࡉࡏࡓࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥ ࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆసᡂࡋ㸪WW ࡢኚࡀపࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺ᳨ฟ⬟࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ᐃ 㔞ⓗホ౯ࡋࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ㸪࣐ࣝࢳࢫࣛࢫ CT ⨨࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ ሰࡀྵࡲࢀࡿCT ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂ࢆᐇࡋ࡚㸪WW ࡢ㐪࠸࠾ࡅࡿ ㄞᙳ⢭ᗘࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ㸬 1.3 ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱᨭ᳨ฟ ㏆ᖺ㸪་⏝⏬ീ㡿ᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࢹࢪࢱࣝ⏬ീᢏ⾡ࡢⓎ㐩ࡼࡾ㸪ࡰ࡚ࡢ⏬ ീࡢࢹࢪࢱࣝࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ୰࡛㸪ࢹࢪࢱࣝ⏬ീࡢᥦ౪࠾࠸࡚㸪 デ᩿ሗࢆ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ㆑ูࡋࡸࡍࡃࡍࡿࡇ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᪂ࡓ࡞デ᩿ሗࢆ⏬ീ ຍࡍࡿࡇࡀ㔜せ࡞ㄢ㢟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ࢹࢪࢱࣝ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⏬ ീデ᩿࠾࠸࡚㸪㧗ᗘ࡞⏬ീฎ⌮ᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ [42][43]ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡉࡽ㸪⏬ ീࢹ࣮ࢱࡢゎᯒ⤖ᯝࢆ➨2 ࡢពぢࡋ࡚་ᖌࡀ⏬ീデ᩿✚ᴟⓗ⏝ࡍࡿࢥࣥ ࣆ࣮ࣗࢱᨭデ᩿㸦computer-aided diagnosis㸸CAD㸧[44]㹼[47]ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣ㸪ࢹ ࢪࢱࣝ⏬ീࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᭱㝈⏝ࡋࡓᢏ⾡ࡋ࡚㛤Ⓨࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬CAD ࢩ ࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ୍⯡ⓗᙺࡣ㸪ᕢ㒊ࡢぢⴠࡋࡢῶᑡ㸪デ᩿⤖ᯝࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡢῶ ᑡ㸪་ᖌࡢ㈇ᢸ㍍ῶ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬CAD ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡣ㸪⬚㒊༢⣧⏬ീ㸪 ஙᡣ⏬ീ㸪CT ࢥࣟࣀࢢࣛࣇ࡞ᵝࠎ࡞ࣔࢲࣜࢸࡸᑐ㇟㒊࣭ᑐࡋ ⾜ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾ [48]㹼[58]㸪ᚋࡣ㸪᭦࡞ࡿ◊✲ࡢⓎᒎ㸪ᐇ⏝ⓗ࡞ CAD ࢩࢫ ࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪᪩ᮇデ᩿ࡀᝈ⪅ࡢ⏕Ṛ࠾ࡼࡧணᚋᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ⬻᱾ሰࢆᑐ㇟㸪 ᕢࡢ㆑ูࡀᅔ㞴࡛་ᖌࡢ⇍⦎ᗘᕥྑࡉࢀࡿ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾
➨1 ❶ ⥴ㄽ 4 -ሰࡢ⏬ീデ᩿╔┠ࡋ㸪⾑㡿ᇦࢆ⮬ື᳨ฟࡍࡿCAD ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆヨࡳࡓ㸬 ▷㛫࡛ᐜ᳨᫆ᰝྍ⬟࡞ CT ᳨ᰝ࡚㸪㠀ᖖῐ࠸㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ⏬ീᡤぢ ࢆぢⴠࡍࡇ࡞ࡃࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ᳨ฟࡍࡿࡇࡣ㸪⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲࡢ㐺ᛂࢆ㎿㏿ୟ ࡘⓗ☜Ỵᐃ࡛ࡁ㸪㔜⠜࡞ฟ⾑ᛶྜేࡢ㜵Ṇࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ㸬 1.4 ⬻ MR ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢ⮬ືㄪ⠇ ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆᑐ㇟ീࡉࢀࡿ DWI ࡣ㸪⾑㡿ᇦࢆ㧗ಙྕᥥฟ࡛ࡁ㸪 ⏬ീデ᩿࠾࠸࡚୰ᚰⓗ࡞ᙺࢆᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᣑᩓࡢ⛬ᗘࢆᐃ㔞⾲♧ࡋࡓ ADC map ࡣ㸪DWI ࡶ㸪Ꮡᅾデ᩿࠾ࡼࡧⓎࡽࡢᮇุ᩿⏝ࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ㸪DWI ࠾ࡼࡧ ADC map ࠾ࡅࡿ⾑㡿ᇦࡢಙྕᙉᗘࡢ⛬ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ ⠊ᅖࡢ☜ᐃࡣ㸪⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲ࡞ࡢ⒪ἲࡢ㐺ᛂࢆỴᐃࡍࡿୖ࡛ࡶ㔜せ࡞ሗ
࡞ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪⾑㡿ᇦࡢ⛬ᗘࡸ⠊ᅖࡣ㸪⾲♧⏬ീࡢ⏬⣲್ࡢᖜᑐᛂࡍࡿWW
ࡸ㸪WW ࡢ୰㛫್࡛࠶ࡿ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ࣞ࣋ࣝ㸦window level㸸WL㸧ࡢㄪ⠇ࡼࡾ ࡁࡃኚࡍࡿ [59]㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪㐺ษ࡞⾲♧᮲௳࡛⏬ീデ᩿ࢆᐇࡍࡿ㸪㉸ᛴ ᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢᏑᅾデ᩿ࡸ⠊ᅖุᐃࡢ⢭ᗘపୗࡘ࡞ࡀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ [60]㹼[62]㸬
ཌ ⏕ ປ ാ ┬ ◊ ✲ ⌜ Acute Stroke Imaging Standardization Group-Japan 㸦ASIST-Japan㸧ࡣ㸪ᇶᗏ᰾ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢỈᖹ᩿ b0 ⏬ീࡢどᗋࡢ⨨ᙧࡢ㛵ᚰ㡿 ᇦ㸦region of interest㸸ROI㸧ࢆ┠ど࡚ᡭື࡛タᐃࡋ㸪ᖹᆒ⏬⣲್ࢆィ ࡋ࡚㸪 ࡑࡢ್ࢆDWI ⾲♧ࡢ WW 㸪WW ࡢ୰㛫್ࢆ WL タᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪DWI ࡢ⾲ ♧᮲௳ࢆᶆ‽ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࢆ⪃ࡋࡓ [63]㹼[66]㸬ࡇࡢ᪉ἲࡣ㸪タ㛫࠾ࡼࡧᢸᙜ ⪅㛫࠾ࡅࡿ DWI ࡢ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢኚືࢆపῶ࡛ࡁࡿሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪⏬ീデ᩿ ࡢ⢭ᗘྥୖ⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲࡢṇ☜࡞㐺ᛂỴᐃ࠾࠸࡚㸪᭷⏝࡞᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪ASIST-Japan ࡢᥦ᪉ἲࡣ㸪ࣔࢽࢱୖࡢ⏬ീࢆほᐹࡍࡿ་ᖌࡢᡭື ࡼࡿROIタᐃࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿࡓࡵ㸪⌧ᛶຎࡾ㸪సᴗ㛫ປຊࢆᚲせࡍࡿ㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ASIST-Japan ࡼࡾ⪃ࡉࢀࡓ DWI ࡢ⾲♧᮲௳ࢆỴᐃࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡢ ᐇ⏝ࢆ┠ⓗ㸪b0 ⏬ീࡢᕥྑ୧ഃࡢどᗋ⨨ࢆ⮬ືỴᐃࡋ㸪ṇᖖ࡞どᗋഃࢆ⮬ ື㑅ᢥࡍࡿᡭἲࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚㸪㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡓどᗋ⨨ࡢಙྕᙉᗘࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚㸪 DWI ࡢ⾲♧᮲௳ࢆ⮬ືㄪ⠇ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ㸬 1.5 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗᵓᡂ ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆ⏬ീデ᩿ࡍࡿᨺᑕ⥺⛉་ࡸ⬻⚄⤒እ⛉་ࢆ ᨭࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪⬻CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ᭱㐺࡞⏬ീ⾲♧᮲௳㸦WW㸧ࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ㸪
➨1 ❶ ⥴ㄽ
࡞ࡽࡧ CT ⏬ീୖࡢ⾑㡿ᇦࢆ⮬ື᳨ฟࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬
ࡲࡓ㸪DWI ࠾ࡼࡧ ADC map ࠾ࡅࡿ᭱㐺࡞⏬ീ⾲♧᮲௳ࢆ⮬ືỴᐃࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ
࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡇࡶᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏㄽᩥࡣ9 ❶࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬௨ୗ ࡑࡢᴫせࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 ➨2 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ࠕ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ WW ࡢ᳨ウࠖ ࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡋࡓࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇ ࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ࣐ࣝࢳࢫࣛࢫ CT ⨨ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ㝿ᙳࡉࢀࡓ㉸ᛴᛶ ᮇ⬻᱾ሰ30 ṇᖖ 30 ࡢ CT ⏬ീࡢ WW ࢆኚࡉࡏ࡚ᐇࡋࡓほᐹ ⪅ᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 ➨3 ❶㸪➨ 4 ❶㸪࠾ࡼࡧ➨ 5 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ࠕ⬻CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ᳨ฟ ࡢࡓࡵࡢࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱᨭデ᩿ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡢୗ㸪➨3 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ᮏ◊✲ࡢ ࡓࡿ⏬ീฎ⌮࡛࠶ࡿ㸪ேయࡢᕥྑᑐ⛠ᛶࢆ⏝ࡋࡓᑐഃᛶᕪศᢏ⾡ࡘ࠸࡚㏙ ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ㸪⏬ീᡤぢࡢ᭱ࡶ㢧ⴭ࡞1 ࢫࣛࢫീࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ⾑㡿ᇦࡢ⮬ື᳨ ฟᡭἲࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㏙ࡿ㸬➨4 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪➨ 3 ❶࡛⏝ࡋࡓᑐഃᛶᕪศᢏ⾡ࢆᑟධ ࡋ㸪ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ᭦࡞ࡿᛶ⬟ྥୖࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵ㸪ୖ࣭ୗഃࡢࢫࣛࢫീࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ≉ ᚩ㔞ゎᯒࡼࡾഇ㝧ᛶೃ⿵ࢆ㝖ཤࡉࡏࡿᡭἲࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿ㸬➨5 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪➨ 3 ❶࠾ࡼࡧ➨4 ❶࡛ㄢ㢟࡞ࡗࡓ㸪ഇ㝧ᛶೃ⿵ࡢཎᅉ࡞ࡿᙳయࡢഴࡁࡼࡿ ᕥྑᑐ⛠ᛶࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪➼᪉ᛶࡢCT య✚ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ୕ḟඖⓗ ࡞ᅇ㌿⿵ṇࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࢆຍ࠼ࡓ㸪ᑐഃᛶᕪศᢏ⾡ࡼࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ⮬ື ᳨ฟᡭἲࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿ㸬 ➨6 ❶㸪➨ 7 ❶㸪࠾ࡼࡧ➨ 8 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ࠕ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ⬻ MR ⏬ ീ࠾ࡅࡿ⾲♧᮲௳⮬ືㄪ⠇ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡢୗ㸪➨6 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ASIST-Japan ࡼࡾ⪃ࡉࢀࡓb0 ⏬ീୖࡢどᗋࡢಙྕᙉᗘࢆ⏝ࡍࡿ DWI ࡢ⾲♧᮲௳ㄪ⠇ᡭ ἲࡢ⮬ືࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿ㸬➨ 7 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪➨ 6 ❶࡛ㄢ㢟࡞ࡗࡓ㸪 ASIST-Japan ࡢ⪃᪉ἲ࠾ࡼࡧᮏ⮬ືࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࢆᨵၿࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪どᗋ ⨨ࡢಙྕᙉᗘࢆ⏝ࡏࡎDWI ࡢ⾲♧᮲௳ࢆ⮬ືㄪ⠇ࡍࡿᡭἲࡋ࡚㸪b0 ⏬ ീࡢ⬻ᐇ㉁㒊࠾ࡅࡿ⃰ᗘࣄࢫࢺࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ⮬ືㄪ⠇ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡘ࠸࡚㏙ ࡿ㸬➨ 8 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪b0 ⏬ീࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃ㸪┤᥋㸪DWI ࢆ㐺ṇ⾲♧ࡍࡿࡓ ࡵࡢ⮬ືㄪ⠇ᡭἲࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰᑐࡍࡿ⏬ീデ᩿ࡸ
⒪㐺ᛂࡢỴᐃ࠾࠸࡚DWI ࡶ᭷ຠ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸪ADC map ࠾ࡅࡿ
⾲♧᮲௳ࡢ⮬ືㄪ⠇ᡭἲࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㏙ࡿ㸬
➨1 ❶ ⥴ㄽ 6 -ཧ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ [1] ཌ⏕ປാ┬⮧ᐁᡣ⤫ィሗ㒊㸸ᖹᡂ 23 ᖺேཱྀືែ⤫ィ᭶ሗᖺィ㸦ᴫᩘ㸧ࡢ ᴫἣ㸪http://www.mhlw.go.jp/toukei/saikin/hw/jinkou/geppo/nengai11/index.html [2] ཌ⏕ປാ┬⮧ᐁᡣ⤫ィሗ㒊㸸ᝈ⪅ㄪᰝࡢᴫἣ㸸㏥㝔ᝈ⪅ࡢᖹᆒᅾ㝔᪥ᩘ ➼㸸2008㸪http://www.mhlw.go.jp/toukei/saikin/hw/kanja/08/index.html [3] ཌ⏕ປാ┬⮧ᐁᡣ⤫ィሗ㒊㸸ᚰᝈ㸫⬻⾑⟶ᝈṚஸ⤫ィࡢᴫἣ㸸2004㸪 http://www.mhlw.go.jp/toukei/saikin/hw/jinkou/tokusyu/sinno05/index.html [4] ᖹ㔝↷அ㸪͆ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ⏬ീデ᩿ධ㛛㸸ึᮇ⾑ኚࡢ⠊ᅖุᐃࡢ⌧≧ ㄢ㢟㸪͇⏬ീデ᩿㸪vol.25㸪no.12㸪pp.1471-1480㸪2005㸬 [5] ᪥ᮏ⬻༞୰Ꮫ་⒪ྥୖ࣭♫ಖ㝤ጤဨ rt-PA㸦ࣝࢸࣉ࣮ࣛࢮ㸧㟼ὀ⒪ἲ ᣦ㔪㒊㸪͆rt-PA㸦ࣝࢸࣉ࣮ࣛࢮ㸧㟼ὀ⒪ἲ㐺ṇ⒪ᣦ㔪㸪͇⬻༞୰㸪vol.27㸪 no.2㸪pp.327-354㸪2005㸬
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-[24] ⯚ᮌྐ㸪ⶶᮏせ㸪ᚋ⸨ṇ᠇㸪ᢲᮏ ๛㸪ᅵ㍜㸪ྜྷ⏣㐨㸪㬆ᾏ 㸪 ỿ ṇᶞ㸪ᒣᙧ ᑓ͆Apparent diffusion coefficient ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᛴᛶᮇ⬻⾑㡿ᇦ ࡢྍ㏫ᛶホ౯㸪͇⬻༞୰ࡢእ⛉㸪vol.33㸪no.1㸪pp.30-34㸪2005㸬
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Marsault C, “False-negative diffusion-weighted MR findings in acute ischemic stroke,” American Journal of Neuroradiology, vol.21, no.8, pp.1434-1440, 2000.
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[61] Chowdhury D, Wardlaw JM, Dennis MS, “Are multiple acute small subcortical infarctions caused by embolic mechanisms?,” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.75, no.10, pp.1416-1420, 2004. [62] ᖹ㔝↷அ㸪͆㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ⏬ീデ᩿ࡢᶆ‽ࡢ⌧≧㸸MRI㸦DWI㸪MRA㸪 T2*WI㸧ࡢព⩏ᶆ‽ࡢ⌧≧㸪͇INNERVISION㸪vol.24㸪no.1㸪pp.15-19㸪2009㸬 [63] బࠎᮌ┿⌮㸪⸨ཎಇᮁ㸪͆㢌㒊㡿ᇦ࡛ࡢᣑᩓᙉㄪ⏬ീࡢ⮫ᗋ㸪͇᪥⋊་ሗ㸪vol.50㸪 no.4㸪pp.621-628㸪2005㸬 [64] బࠎᮌ┿⌮㸪͆ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ CT㸪MRI㸸ᶆ‽ࡢព⩏㸪͇⬻༞୰㸪vol.27㸪 no.4㸪pp.564-567㸪2005㸬 [65] బࠎᮌ┿⌮㸪͆⬻༞୰ᑓ㛛་ࡢࡓࡵࡢ⬻⾑⟶㞀ᐖࡢ⏬ീデ᩿㸸ᅜෆ࠾ࡅࡿ ᣑᩓᙉㄪ⏬ീ㸪℺ὶᙉㄪ⏬ീࡢᶆ‽ࡢືྥ㸪͇ศᏊ⬻⾑⟶㸪vol.6㸪no.1㸪 pp.73-77㸪2007㸬
[66] Sasaki M, Ida M, Yamada K, “Standardizing display conditions of diffusion-weighted images using concurrent b0 images: A multi-vendor multi-institutional study,” Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences, vol.6, no.3, pp.133-137, 2007.
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CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ
➨2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ 13
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2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ
࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ
2.1 ⥴ゝ ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ࠾ࡅࡿ CT ᳨ᰝࡣ㸪⨨ࡢᬑཬ✌ാయไ㸪᳨ᰝ㛫ࡀ▷࠸ ࡞ࡢ≉㛗ࢆᣢࡕ㸪ከタ⮫ᗋ◊✲ࡼࡿ⾑ᰦ⁐ゎ⒪ἲࡢ CT ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㐺ᛂ Ỵᐃࡢ⛉Ꮫⓗ᰿ᣐࡀᚓࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽ㸪⏬ീデ᩿ࡋ࡚➨୍㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ࡋࡋ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇࡢ CT ⏬ീᡤぢ࡛࠶ࡿ᪩ᮇ⾑ኚࡣ㸪⬻ᐇ㉁㠀ᖖῐ࠸ప ྾ᇦࡋ࡚ฟ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪どぬⓗ㆑ูࡋࡃࡃ㸪ほᐹ⪅㛫࡛㆑ูᕪࡀ⏕ࡌ ࡿሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 MELT Japan ࡛ࡣ㸪⬻ CT ᳨ᰝࡢ⏬ീ⾲♧᮲௳࡛࠶ࡿ WW ࡢタᐃࢆ 80 HU ௨ୗ ࡍࡿࡼ࠺᥎ዡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬Lev ࡽࡣ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡀྵࡲࢀࡓ 30 ࡢ CT ⏬ീࡢWW ࢆ 8 HU ึᮇタᐃࡋ㸪⚄⤒ᨺᑕ⥺⛉་ 2 ྡࡀ WW ࢆ 1㹼30 HU ࡲ࡛ ኚࡉࡏ࡞ࡀࡽほᐹࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪WW ࢆ 80 HU タᐃࡋࡓ⾲♧᮲௳ẚ࡚㸪ㄞᙳ ⢭ᗘࡀྥୖࡋࡓሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ [1]㸬ࡋࡋ㸪ࡇࡢሗ࿌ࡣ㸪ࢩࣥࢢࣝࢫࣛࢫ CT ⨨࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓ⏬ീࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᑐࡋ࡚ྠ୍ࡢᙳ ᮲௳࡛ᙳࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪WW ࡢኚࡀ⏬ീࣀࢬࡢ␗࡞ࡿ CT ⏬ീࡢಙྕ᳨ ฟ⬟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ウࡣ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡉࡽ㸪ほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂⏝ ࡋࡓᩘࡸほᐹ⪅ᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪⤫ィⓗ࡞ಙ㢗ᛶၥࡀṧࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㸪 ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢ᭱㐺㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ሗ࿌ࡣ㸪Lev ࡽࡢሗ࿌௨እᏑᅾࡏࡎ㸪⏬ീࣀࢬࡀኚࡋࡓCT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ WW ࡀཬࡰࡍ ಙྕ᳨ฟ⬟ࡢᙳ㡪㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ࡞◊✲ሗ࿌ࡣࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪⟶㟁ὶ㛫✚㸦mAs ್㸧ࢆኚࡉࡏ࡚ᙳࡋࡓỈࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീ ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓపࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺ᳨ฟ⬟ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ ࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆసᡂࡋ㸪WW ࡀపࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺ᳨ฟ⬟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪 ࡘ࠸࡚ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࣐ࣝࢳࢫࣛࢫ CT ⨨࡛ᙳࡉ ࢀࡓ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡀྵࡲࢀࡿ60 ࡢ CT ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪10 ྡࡢほᐹ⪅ࡼࡿreceiver operating characteristic㸦ROC㸧ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡋ㸪WW ࡢ㐪࠸࠾ࡅࡿ ㄞᙳ⢭ᗘࡢᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ㸬
➨2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ 2.2.1 ࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂 ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ CT ᳨ᰝ࠾ࡅࡿᙳࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡢ᭱㐺㛵ࡍ ࡿ◊✲ࡣ㸪CT ್ࡢᕪࡀ᭱ᑠ 5 HU ࡢಙྕࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᛶ⬟ホ౯ࣇࣥࢺ࣒ࢆ⏝࠸ ᳨࡚ウࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ [2][3]㸬ࡋࡋ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆక࠺⬻ᐇ㉁㒊ࡢ CT ್ࡣ㸪 ྵỈ㔞ࡢ1 %ࡢኚ࠾࠸࡚ 2.6 HU పୗࡋ [4]㸪ࡲࡓ㸪Ⓨࡋ࡚ࡽ㛫ࡶ࡞࠸ ⾑㡿ᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ࿘㎶⤌⧊ࡢCT ್ࡢᕪ㸦CT ್ᕪ㸧ࡣ㸪1㹼3 HU ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿሗ ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ [2]㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡋࡓపࢥࣥ ࢺࣛࢫࢺ᳨ฟ⬟ࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺ሙྜ㸪᪤Ꮡࡢᛶ⬟ホ౯ࣇࣥࢺ࣒࡛ࡣ㐺ᛂእ࡞ࡿ㸬 ཎࡽ [5]ࡣ㸪࿘㎶㒊ࡢ CT ್ᕪࡀ 2 HU ࡞ࡿᅛᙧࣇࣥࢺ࣒ࢆసᡂࡋ㸪పࢥࣥ ࢺࣛࢫࢺศゎ⬟ࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᴟࡵ࡚᭷⏝࡞◊✲࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪 ྛタ࡛⡆౽⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ỗ⏝ᛶ㛵ࡋ࡚ஈࡋ࠸ࡶࡢ᥎ ࡍࡿ㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪᪤ᏑࡢỈࣇࣥࢺ࣒ࢆᙳࡋࡓCT ⏬ീ⏬ീฎ⌮ᢏ⾡ࢆ⏝࠸࡚స ᡂࡋࡓಙྕ⏬ീࡽࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆసᡂࡋ㸪WW ࡀపࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺ᳨ ฟ⬟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ㸬 2.2.1.1 ࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࡢసᡂ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪4 data acquisition system㸦DAS㸧ࡢ࣐ࣝࢳࢫࣛࢫ CT ⨨㸦Light Speed Plus㸸GE ᶓἙ࣓ࢹ࢝ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒♫〇㸧ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡎ㸪᪤Ꮡࡢி㒔⛉ Ꮫ♫〇ࡢᛶ⬟ホ౯ࣇࣥࢺ࣒㸦JIS Z4923 200 mmȭ㸧ࢆᑓ⏝ᨭᣢྎ㓄⨨ࡋ㸪ࣇ
ࣥࢺ࣒୰ᚰࢆ CT ࢞ࣥࢺࣜෆ୰ᚰタᐃࡋ࡚⏬ീࣀࢬホ౯⏝ࡢࢫ࢟ࣕࣥ⨨
ࢆᙳࡋ㸪ࣀࢬ⏬ീࢆ㞟ࡋࡓ㸬ᙳ᮲௳ࡣ㸪ࢫ࣮࢟ࣕࣥࣔࢻ㸸ࢥࣥ࣋ࣥࢩࣙ ࢼࣝ㸪⟶㟁ᅽ㸸120 kV㸪ᵓᡂࢫࣛࢫཌ㸸10 mm㸦2.5 mm4 DAS㸧㸪ᵓᡂ㛵 ᩘ㸸STANDARD㸪FOV㸸200 mm ୍ᐃ࡚㸪mAs ್㸦⾲♧ CTDIW㸧ࢆ200㸦37.55
mGy㸧㸪400㸦75.11 mGy㸧㸪600㸦112.66 mGy㸧㸪800 mAs㸦150.21 mGy㸧ኚࡉ ࡏࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪⟶㟁ὶࡣ㸪200 mA ᅛᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ྛ mAs ್࠾࠸࡚㸪30 ⏬ീ ࢆ㞟ࡋࡓ㸬ḟ㸪Microsoft ♫〇ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࢯࣇࢺ㸦Visual C++ 6.0㸧ࢆ⏝ ࠸࡚㸪512512 ࣐ࢺࣜࢡࢫෆࡢ⏬⣲್ࢆ 0 ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ୰㝧ᛶീ࡞ࡿಙྕ㝜ᙳ ࢆ1 ಶ㓄⨨ࡉࡏࡓ⏬ീࢆసᡂࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪ಙྕ㝜ᙳࡢ┤ᚄࡣ㸪2.2.2 ࡛⏝ࡋࡓ㉸ ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ࠾ࡅࡿ⾑㡿ᇦࡢ᭱ᑠᚄࡀ⣙10 mm ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪 ๓ᐇ㦂࠾࠸࡚ಙྕᚄࡢ␗࡞ࡿࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓどぬⓗホ౯ࢆᐇ ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ಙྕᚄࡀ30 mm ௨ୖ࡛ࡣಙྕ᳨ฟ⬟ࡀ୍ᐃ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࡽ㸪10㸪 15㸪20㸪25㸪30 mm ኚࡉࡏ㸪ಙྕࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡣ㸪1㸪2㸪3 ኚࡉࡏࡓ㸬 ࡑࡋ࡚㸪ィ15 ✀㢮ࡢಙྕࡀ㓄⨨ࡉࢀࡓ⏬ീࢆ 2 ࢭࢵࢺ㸪ィ 30 ⏬ീࢆ⏝ពࡋࡓ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪ಙྕࡢ⨨ࡣ㸪ᩘࢆ⏝࠸࡚Ỵᐃࡉࡏࡓ㸬᭱ᚋ㸪ᙳࡋࡓࣀࢬ⏬ീ
➨2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ 15 -ᅗ2.1 200 mAs ࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓಙྕࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡀ 3 ࡢࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿಙྕࡢ┤ᚄࡣ30 mm ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ᅗ2.2 ྛ mAs ್࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓಙྕࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡀ 2 ࡢࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീ㸬 a ࠾ࡼࡧ b ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ 200 mAs ࠾ࡼࡧ 800 mAs ࡛ࡢ⏬ീ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪ྛ⏬ീ ࠾ࡅࡿಙྕࡢ┤ᚄࡣ30 mm ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬
➨2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ ಙྕ⏬ീࡢῶ⟬ฎ⌮ࡼࡾࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒30 ⏬ീࢆసᡂࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 2.1 㸪200 mAs ࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓಙྕࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡀ 3 ࡢࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆ㸪ᅗ 2.2 㸪 ྛmAs ್࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓಙྕࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡀ 2 ࡢࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 2.2.1.2 ⏬ീホ౯ 2.2.1.2.1 ⏬ീࣀࢬࡢ ᐃ mAs ್ࡢ␗࡞ࡿ 4 ᮲௳ࡢྛࣀࢬ⏬ീ 30 ⏬ീࡽ 5 ⏬ീࢆ㑅ᢥࡋ㸪⏬ീࡢ୰ ኸ㒊࠾ࡼࡧ࿘㎶㒊4 ࣧᡤ┤ᚄ 40 mm ࡢᙧ ROI ࢆタᐃࡋ࡚ ROI ෆࡢ⏬⣲ࡢᶆ ‽೫ᕪ㸦standard deviation㸸SD㸧ࢆồࡵ㸪mAs ್ࡈ࡛ຍ⟬ᖹᆒࡋࡓ㸬 2.2.1.2.2 ROC ゎᯒ ほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂ࡣ㸪ࡲࡎ㸪ほᐹ⪅ᑐࡋ㸪࠶ࡽࡌࡵホ౯ᇶ‽ࡀ୍ᐃ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ྛmAs ್࠾ࡅࡿࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീ 30 ⏬ീࣀ
ࢬ⏬ീ30 ⏬ീ㸪ィ 60 ⏬ീࢆ㧗⢭⣽ 21.3 ᆺ liquid crystal display㸦LCD㸧ࣔࢽࢱ 㸦MS 35i2 3M monochrome㸸TOTOKU ♫〇㸧ࣛࣥࢲ࣒⾲♧ࡋ㸪WW ࢆ 20㸪40㸪 60㸪80 HU タᐃࡋࡓ㝿ࡢ㐃⥆☜ಙᗘἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂ࢆᬯᐊୗ࡛ᐇࡋࡓ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪ほᐹ⪅ࡣ㸪ᙳ᮲௳㛵ࡍࡿሗࡣᥦ♧ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⾲♧ࡍࡿྛ ᮲௳ࡢ㡰␒ࡶほᐹ⪅ࡈࣛࣥࢲ࣒ࡋࡓ㸬⏬ീほᐹ࠾ࡅࡿ㛫ⓗ㛫㝸ࡣ㸪ྛ ᮲௳㛫࡛3 ᪥௨ୖ✵ࡃࡼ࠺タᐃࡋࡓ㸬どぬホ౯ࡋࡓほᐹ⪅ࡣ㸪16 ᖺ࠾ࡼࡧ 42 ᖺ ࡢ⮫ᗋ⤒㦂ࢆᣢࡘ2 ྡࡢデ⒪ᨺᑕ⥺ᢏᖌ㸪ᮏタᅾ⡠ࡍࡿ 5 ྡࡢᏛ㒊⏕ࡢィ 7 ྡ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ꮫ⏕ࡀどぬホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⌮⏤ࡣ㸪๓ほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂ࢆᐇࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪 デ⒪ᨺᑕ⥺ᢏᖌᏛ⏕㛫ࡢホ౯⤖ᯝ᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡎ㸪ᮏほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂ࡣ ㄞᙳ⬟ຊࡢ᭷↓ࢆᚲせࡋ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡓࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿ [6]㸬᭱ᚋ㸪ᚓࡽࢀࡓほᐹ⪅ 7 ྡࡢ☜ಙᗘ⤖ᯝࢆROC ゎᯒࢯࣇࢺ ROCKIT㸦ࢩ࢝ࢦᏛ〇㸧ධຊࡋ㸪ィ 16 ᮲
௳࠾ࡅࡿྛࠎࡢᖹᆒROC ᭤⥺ᖹᆒ ROC ᭤⥺ୗ㠃✚㸦area under the curve㸸 AUC㸧ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪ほᐹ⪅ࡢ◊✲ཧຍ࠾࠸࡚㸪⮫ᗋ⤒㦂ࡸホ౯⤖ᯝ࡞ࡢ ಶேሗࢆබ㛤ࡍࡿ᪨ࢆㄝ᫂ࡋࡓୖ࡛㸪ࡍ࡚ࡢほᐹ⪅ࡽᢎㅙ᭩ࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 2.2.2 ⮫ᗋ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂
2.2.2.1 ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ
ᮏᐇ㦂⏝ࡋࡓ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡣ㸪2006 ᖺ 4 ᭶ࡽ 2007 ᖺ 9 ᭶ࡲ࡛୰ ኸ⩌㤿⬻⚄⤒እ⛉㝔࡛16 DAS ࡢ࣐ࣝࢳࢫࣛࢫ CT ⨨㸦LightSpeed 16㸸GE
ᶓἙ࣓ࢹ࢝ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒♫〇㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᙳࡉࢀࡓ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ30 㸦⏨
➨2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ
17
-ᅗ2.3 WW ࢆ 80 ࠾ࡼࡧ 20 HU タᐃࡋࡓ㝿ࡢ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㸬a ࠾ࡼࡧ c ࡣWW ࡀ 80 HU ࡢ⏬ീ㸪b ࠾ࡼࡧ d ࡣ WW ࡀ 20 HU ࡢ⏬ീ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬
CT ⏬ീ࡛ᵓ⠏ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪30 ࡢ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ࠾ࡅࡿ㈐௵⾑⟶ ࡣ㸪ࡍ࡚୰⬻ື⬦㸦middle cerebral artery㸸MCA㸧࡛࠶ࡾ㸪MCA 㡿ᇦయ
᱾ሰ⠊ᅖࡀᗈࡀࡗࡓࡀ8 㸪MCA 㡿ᇦࡢ୍㒊㝈ᒁࡋࡓࡀ 22 㸦⓶㧊
ቃ⏺ࡢᾘኻ8 㸪ࣞࣥࢬ᰾࣭ᓥ⓶㉁ࡢ᫂░ 14 㸧Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ㸬CT ⏬ീୖ࠾
ࡅࡿ᪩ᮇ⾑ኚࡢ᭷↓ࡢุᐃ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ⏬ീᡤぢࡀ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ࡛࠶ࡿࡢྰ ࡢุᐃࡣ㸪2 ྡࡢ⬻⚄⤒እ⛉་ࡀ MRI ᳨ᰝ࡛ീࡉࢀࡓ DWI ADC map ࢆ☜ ㄆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࢥࣥࢭࣥࢧࢫࡢࡶỴᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᙳ᮲௳ࡣ㸪ࢫ࣮࢟ࣕࣥࣔࢻ㸸ࢥ ࣥ࣋ࣥࢩࣙࢼࣝ㸪⟶㟁ᅽ㸸120 kV㸪⟶㟁ὶ㸸200 mA㸪ᅇ㌿㛫㸸2.0 sec/rot㸦400 mAs㸧㸪 ᵓᡂࢫࣛࢫཌ㸸5 mm㸦2.5 mm8 DAS㸧㸪ᵓᡂ㛵ᩘ㸸STANDARD ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪ᮏ◊✲࠾ࡅࡿ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡢ⏝㝿ࡋ㸪ᮏタࡢ⌮ጤဨࡢᑂ ᰝࢆཷࡅ㸪ᢎㄆࢆྲྀᚓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᮏ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡣ㸪タࡽ CT ⏬ ീࡀᥦ౪ࡉࢀࡿ๓ᝈ⪅ሗࢹ࣮ࢱࡀ๐㝖ࡉࢀ㸪ಶேࡀ≉ᐃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺༏ྡ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 2.2.2.2 ROC ゎᯒ ᐇ㦂᪉ἲࡣ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ30 ṇᖖ 30 㸪ィ 60 ࡢ CT ⏬ീࢆ ୖグྠ୍ࡢ㧗⢭⣽LCD ࣔࢽࢱࣛࣥࢲ࣒⾲♧ࡋ㸪WW ࢆ 80 ࠾ࡼࡧ 20 HU
➨2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ
ᅗ2.4 200 mAs ࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿྛ WW ࡛ࡢᖹᆒ ROC ᭤⥺
➨2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ 19 -ᅗ2.6 ྛ mAs ್࠾ࡼࡧྛ WW ࠾ࡅࡿᖹᆒ AUC ⊂❧タᐃࡋ࡚㸪㐃⥆☜ಙᗘἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂ࢆᬯᐊୗ࡛ᐇࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ㸪 ྠ୍ࡢCT ⏬ീࢆྠ୍ࣔࢽࢱୖ୪࡚㓄⨨ࡋ㸪୍᪉ࡢ⏬ീࡢ WW ࢆ 80 HU 㸪᪉ࡢ⏬ീࡢWW ࢆ 20 HU タᐃࡋ࡚㸪୧⏬ീࢆ⏝ࡋࡓほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂ࢆᐇ ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪ほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂ࡢ⾜๓ࡣ㸪ᮏ◊✲ෆᐜ㸪ほᐹ᪉ἲ㸪࠾ࡼࡧホ౯ᇶ ‽ࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋ㸪༑ศ࡞ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢆᐇࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ほᐹ⪅ࡣ㸪⏬ീほ ᐹࡢ㝿WL ࢆኚࡉࡏ࡚ほᐹࡍࡿࡼ࠺౫㢗ࡋࡓ㸬≉㸪WW ࡀ 20 HU タᐃࡉ ࢀࡓ⏬ീࡣ㸪⮫ᗋ࠾࠸࡚ぢ័ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪WL ࢆ㐺ᐅኚࡉࡏ࡚ほᐹࡍࡿ ࡇࡸ㸪㝞ᪧᛶ⬻᱾ሰᡤぢࢆ↓どࡋ࡚ほᐹࡍࡿࡇ➼ࢆヲ⣽ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓ㸬ᝈ⪅ࡢ ⮫ᗋ≧ࡸ᪤ Ṕ࡞ࡢሗࡣᥦ♧ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬どぬホ౯ࡋࡓほᐹ⪅ࡣ㸪3㹼26 ᖺ㸦ᖹᆒ 13.4s8.9㸧ࡢ⮫ᗋ⤒㦂ࢆᣢࡘ 10 ྡࡢデ⒪ᨺᑕ⥺ᢏᖌ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓ ☜ಙᗘ⤖ᯝࡽᖹᆒROC ᭤⥺ᖹᆒ AUC ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪2.2.1.2.2 ྠᵝ㸪ほ ᐹ⪅ࡢ◊✲ཧຍ࠾ࡅࡿᢎㅙ᭩ࡣ㸪ࡍ࡚ࡢほᐹ⪅ࡽྲྀᚓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ2.3 㸪 WW ࢆ 80 ࠾ࡼࡧ 20 HU タᐃࡋࡓ㝿ࡢ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 2.3 ⤖ᯝ 2.3.1 ࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂 ᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࣀࢬ⏬ീࡽSD ࢆồࡵࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪mAs ್ࡢቑຍకࡗ࡚ SD
➨2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ ᅗ2.7 ⮫ᗋ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿほᐹ⪅ 10 ྡࡢᖹᆒ ROC ᭤⥺ ࡣపῶࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪200㸪400㸪600㸪800 mAs ࠾ࡅࡿ SD ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ㸪s3.4㸪 s2.4㸪s2.0㸪s1.7 ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ᅗ2.4 ࠾ࡼࡧᅗ 2.5 㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ 200 ࠾ࡼࡧ 800 mAs ࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓ⏬ീ࠾ࡅ ࡿྛWW ࡛ࡢᖹᆒ ROC ᭤⥺ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬200 mAs ࠾࠸࡚㸪WW ࢆ⊃ࡵࡿࡇࡼ ࡾ㸪ಙྕ᳨ฟ⬟ࡢྥୖࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪800 mAs ࡛ࡣ㸪WW ࡢኚࡼࡿಙྕ᳨ ฟ⬟ࡢᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠸⤖ᯝ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ᅗ2.6 㸪mAs ್ WW ࢆኚࡉࡏࡓ 16 ᮲௳࠾ࡅࡿᖹᆒ AUC ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬⤖ᯝ ࡼࡾ㸪AUC ࡣ㸪mAs ್ࡢቑຍ㸪WW ࡢ⊃ᑠࡼࡾୖ᪼ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪WW ࢆ 20 HU タᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪ࡢ WW ẚ࡚㸪AUC ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㧗್࡞ࡗࡓ㸬800 mAs ࠾ࡅࡿྛWW ࡛ࡢᖹᆒ AUC 㛫ࡢ⤫ィⓗ᭷ពᕪ᳨ᐃ㸦୧ഃ࣮࣌ࢻ t ᳨ᐃ㸧ࢆ ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ࡍ࡚ࡢWW 㛫࠾࠸࡚㸪᭷ព☜⋡ p ್ࡀ 0.05 ௨ୖ࡞ࡾ㸪᭷ព ᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪200㸪400㸪600 mAs ࠾࠸࡚㸪ୖグྠᵝ㸪ྛ WW ࡛ࡢᖹᆒ AUC 㛫ࡢ᭷ពᕪ᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪WW ࢆ 20 HU 80 HU タᐃ ࡋࡓ㝿ࡢᖹᆒAUC 㛫࡛ࡣ㸪᭷ព☜⋡ p ್ࡀ 0.05 ௨ୗ࡞ࡾ㸪᭷ពᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ ࡓ㸦p= .0144㸪.0320㸪.0172㸧㸬 2.3.2 ⮫ᗋ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂 10 ྡࡢほᐹ⪅ࡢᖹᆒ ROC ᭤⥺ࢆᅗ 2.7 ♧ࡍ㸬WW ࢆ 80 HU タᐃࡋࡓ㝿ࡢ
➨2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ 21 -ᖹᆒAUC ࡣ 0.616s0.154 ࡞ࡾ㸪WW ࢆ 20 HU タᐃࡋࡓ㝿ࡢᖹᆒ AUC ࡣ 0.677 s0.058 ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬୧ WW ࠾ࡅࡿᖹᆒ AUC 㛫࠾࠸࡚㸪⤫ィⓗ᭷ពᕪ᳨ᐃ㸦୧ ഃ࣮࣌ࢻt ᳨ᐃ㸧ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪᭷ព☜⋡ p ್ࡀ 0.05 ௨ୖ࡞ࡾ㸪᭷ពᕪࡣㄆ ࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦p= .3352㸧㸬ࡋࡋ㸪୧ WW ࠾ࡅࡿ AUC 㛫࠾࠸࡚㸪ᶆ‽೫ ᕪࡢᕪࢆ᳨ᐃࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪᭷ព☜⋡ p ್ࡀ 0.05 ௨ୗ࡞ࡾ㸪᭷ពᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ 㸦p= .0251㸧㸬 WW ࡢ␗࡞ࡿ୧⏬ീࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ㝿ࡢᖹᆒ AUC ࡣ 0.720s0.127 ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬WW ࢆ20 HU タᐃࡋࡓ㝿ࡢᖹᆒ AUC 㸪WW ࡢ␗࡞ࡿ୧⏬ീࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ㝿ࡢᖹᆒ AUC 㛫࠾࠸࡚㸪᭷ពᕪ᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪᭷ព☜⋡ p ್ࡀ 0.05 ௨ୖ࡞ࡾ㸪 ᭷ពᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦p= .3124㸧㸬ࡋࡋ㸪WW ࢆ 80 HU タᐃࡋࡓ㝿ࡢᖹ ᆒAUC ࡢ㛫࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪᭷ព☜⋡ p ್ࡀ 0.05 ௨ୗ࡞ࡾ㸪᭷ពᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ ࡓ㸦p= .0206㸧㸬 2.4 ⪃ᐹ ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ CT ⏬ീᡤぢ࡛࠶ࡿ᪩ᮇ⾑ኚࡣ㸪㠀ᖖῐ࠸ప྾ᇦࢆ ࿊ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ㄞᙳᅔ㞴ࢆせࡍࡿࡀ㸪CT ᳨ᰝࡢᙳ᮲௳ࡸ⏬ീ⾲♧᮲௳ࢆ㐺ษ タᐃࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾᨵၿࡉࢀ࠺ࡿሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ [7]㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㸪⬻ CT ⏬ീ ࠾ࡅࡿపࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺ᳨ฟ⬟㛵ࡍࡿᙳࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡢ᳨ウࡣᩘከࡃᐇࡉࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪⏬ീ⾲♧᮲௳ࡢ᳨ウሗ࿌ࡣᴟࡵ࡚ᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪⏬ീࣀࢬࡀ␗࡞ࡿ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ WW ࡢㄪ⠇ࡀཬࡰࡍపࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺ᳨ฟ⬟ࡢᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ ウࡣࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣ㸪ᇶ♏ⓗᐇ㦂ࡋ࡚㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ᪩ᮇ⾑ ኚࢆࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡋࡓࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆసᡂࡋ㸪Ỉࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ ീࡶే⏝ࡋ࡚ほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂ࢆᐇࡋࡓ㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛⏝࠸ࡓࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࡣ㸪Ỉࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീపࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫ ࢺࡢಙྕࢆྵࢇࡔ⏬ീࡢῶ⟬ฎ⌮ࡼࡾసᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ಙྕࡢ㎶ ⦕ሗࡀ㸪ᐇ㝿ᙳࡉࢀࡓCT ⏬ീୖࡢಙྕ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡀᠱᛕࡉࢀࡿ㸬ᕷᕝ ࡽࡣ㸪CT ⏬ീࡢ✵㛫࿘Ἴᩘ≉ᛶࡢᙳ㡪ࢆຍࡋࡓࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࡢస ᡂ᪉ἲࢆᥦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ [8]㸬ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣ㸪సᡂࡋࡓࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࡢಙ ྕࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡀ1㹼3 ᴟࡵ࡚ᑠࡉࡃ㸪㎶⦕ሗࡢᕪ␗ࡀ㸪ほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂ࢆᐇࡋ ࡓ㝿ࡢホ౯⤖ᯝᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ⛬ᗘ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼㸪༢⣧࡞ῶ⟬ฎ⌮ࡼࡾࢹࢪ ࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆసᡂࡋࡓ㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീỈࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸࡚ほᐹ⪅ᐇ㦂 ࢆᐇࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪7 ྡࡢほᐹ⪅࠾ࡅࡿᖹᆒ AUC ࡣ㸪mAs ್ࡢቑຍ WW
➨2 ❶ ⬻ CT ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰ㆑ูࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢘ࣥࢻ࢘ᖜࡢ᳨ウ ࡢ⊃ᑠࡼࡾୖ᪼ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪200㸪400㸪600 mAs ࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓ⏬ീᑐࡋ㸪 WW ࢆ 20 ࠾ࡼࡧ 80 HU タᐃࡋࡓ㝿ࡢᖹᆒ AUC 㛫࠾࠸࡚㸪⤫ィⓗ᭷ពᕪ᳨ᐃ ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪᭷ពᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪800 mAs ࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓ⏬ീ࡛ࡣ㸪 X ⥺㔞Ꮚࣀࢬࡢᙳ㡪ࡀపῶࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪WW ࢆኚࡉࡏ࡚ࡶಙྕ᳨ฟ⬟ ᕪࡀ⏕ࡌ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ᅗ2.4 ࠾ࡅࡿ 200 mAs ࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓྛ WW ࡛ࡢᖹᆒ ROC ᭤⥺ ࡢᙧ≧ࡽ㸪ಙྕࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿほᐹ⪅ࡢ☜ಙᗘࡢ ኚືࡀ㸪ࣀࢬ⏬ീ࠾ࡅࡿ☜ಙᗘࡢኚືẚ࡚ࡁ࠸ࡇࡀ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ᮏ ◊✲࡛⏝ࡋࡓࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീ30 ⏬ീࡣ㸪ಙྕࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡀ 1 ࡢ┤ ᚄࡀ␗࡞ࡿ㝜ᙳࡀ10 ⏬ീྵࡲࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ほᐹࡍࡿ㝿ࡇࢀࡽࡢಙྕ㝜ᙳࡀぢⴠ ࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵ⪃࠼ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪200 mAs ࡛ᙳࡉࢀࡓ⏬ീ࠾࠸࡚㸪WW ࢆ⊃ࡃ ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾᖹᆒAUC ࡀୖ᪼ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽ㸪WW ࡢ⊃ᑠࡣ㸪ಙྕ㝜ᙳ ࡢ᳨ฟឤᗘࡢྥୖࡀᅗࢀࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡿ㸬 ㏆ᖺ㸪⏬㉁⿕ࡤࡃ⥺㔞ࡢ᭱㐺ࢆᅗࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ CT ⏝⮬ື㟢ฟᶵᵓࢆά ⏝ࡋࡓᙳࡀᐇࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᶵ⬟ࡣ㸪⏬ീࣀࢬࡢホ౯ᣦᶆ࡛࠶ࡿ SD ࢆ ⏝ࡋ㸪ฟຊ⥺㔞ࢆไᚚࡍࡿࡇ࡛⏬㉁ࢆᶆ‽ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࠾࠸ ࡚㸪ᙳࡉࢀࡓỈࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീࡽSD ࢆồࡵࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ୖグࡢ ROC ゎᯒ⤖ᯝ࡛ ᭷ពᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ600 mAs㸦112.66 mGy㸧࡛ࡣs2.0 ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ྛタ ࡛ᡤ᭷ࡍࡿ┤ᚄ200 mm ࡢỈࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീୖࡢ SD ࡀs2.0 ࢆୖᅇࡿሙྜࡣ㸪 どぬⓗ࡞ࣀࢬࡢᙳ㡪ࢆపῶࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵWW ࢆᗈࡆࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪WW ࢆ 20 HU タᐃࡋ㸪⏬ീࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࢆୖ᪼ࡉࡏ࡚ほᐹࡍࡿࡇࡀ㸪ಙྕ᳨ฟ⬟ࡢᶆ ‽ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪SD ࡣ㸪✵㛫࿘Ἴᩘ≉ᛶ౫Ꮡࡉࢀ㸪 ⨨ࡈ࡛ಙྕ᳨ฟ⬟ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡶࡢ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡽ㸪タࡈࡢ᳨ウࡀᚲせ ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ୖグࡢ᳨ウࡣ㸪ᆒ୍࡞≀㉁࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡓࢹࢪࢱࣝࣇࣥࢺ࣒⏬ീ ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂⤖ᯝᇶ࡙ࡃࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ⮫ᗋ⏬ീ┤᥋ᫎࡉࡏࡿࡇࡣ ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬ࡋࡋ㸪ୖグࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ㸪WW ࢆ 20 HU タᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪పࢥࣥࢺ ࣛࢫࢺ᳨ฟ⬟ࡢྥୖࡀᅗࢀࡿࡇࡣ☜ドࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᕥྑᑐ⛠ᛶࡢ≉ᚩࢆ⏝ࡋ ࡚ẚ㍑ㄞᙳࡉࢀࡿ⮫ᗋ⏬ീ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᙉㄪࡉࢀࡓ᪩ᮇ⾑ኚࡀᐜ᫆㆑ูྍ ⬟࡞ࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡿ㸬 MELT Japan ࡣ㸪㉸ᛴᛶᮇ⬻᱾ሰࡢ CT ⏬ീࢆほᐹࡍࡿ㝿㸪WW ࢆ 80 HU ௨ୗ タᐃࡍࡿࡼ࠺᥎ዡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣ㸪ྛタ࠾ࡅࡿ㢌㒊 CT ᳨ᰝ ࡢ࣮ࣝࢳࣥᙳ᮲௳ࢆㄪᰝࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ [9]㸪ࡑࡢሗ࿌ࢆᇶྛタࡢ mAs ್ࢆᖹᆒ ࡍࡿ⣙350 mAs ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓᅗ 2.6 ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚㸪 ࡇࢀࡽࡢྛ᮲௳ୗ࡛ᙳ࠾ࡼࡧ⏬ീほᐹࡉࢀࡓሙྜࢆࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡍࡿ㸪