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书 书 书

53

 

2018

       

西

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

        Vol. 53  No. 2 Apr. 2018

稿

20160608

:中

2015XZ2802

);国

2016YFC0802201

2016YFC0802202

:王

1987

),男

,博

,研

Email

luckywangjun@ 126. com

:王

,林

,唐

,等

西

2018

53

):

312321. WANG Jun

LIN Guojin

TANG Xie

et al. Face stability analysis of shield tunnel in sandy ground using 3D DEM

. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

2018

53

):

312321.    

02582724

2018

02031210    DOI

10. 3969 / j. issn. 02582724. 2018. 02. 013

砂土地层盾构隧道稳定性

三维离散元研究

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.

西

,四

川成

610031

2.

,四

川成

610041

 

:为

,以

Chambon

Corté

,采

,并

,将

,逐

,结

,以

:隧

1. 0

,掌

,此

,砂

,地

,失

,工

;隧

2. 0

0. 7D

(隧

~ 1. 3D

0. 9D ~ 2. 3D.

:三

;掌

;盾

;砂

;动

TU443   

Face Stability Analysis of Shield Tunnel in

Sandy Ground Using 3D DEM

WANG Jun

  LIN Guojin

  TANG Xie

  HE Chuan

1. Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering

Ministry of Education

Southwest Jiaotong University

Chengdu 610031

China

2. Sichuan Provincial Transportation Department Highway Planning

Survey

Design and Research Institute

Chengdu 610041

China

Abstract

Based on the model test carried out by Chambon and Corte

the threedimensional discrete

element method

3D DEM

was used to study the face stability of shallow shield tunnels in sand

and

the face failure mechanism was investigated from microscopic perspectives. A threedimensional

flexible stress boundary was implemented in the numerical model

and the support provided by air or

fluid in the chamber for a tunnel face was simplified as specified normal pressure acting on face

particles. Pressure was decreased gradually to 0 kPa

and ground deformation was closely recorded.

Thus

the limit support pressure could be determined naturally. The tunnel excavation process was

incorporated by deleting the particles that flowed into the tunnel

and its effect on tunnel stability was

considered. Results show that when C

tunnel buried depth

/ D

tunnel diameter

≤ 1. 0

the limit

(2)

 

,等

:砂

support pressure first increases with buried depth and then tends to be constant. The ratio of the limit

support pressure to the initial support pressure decreases with buried depth. The support pressure at

which ground settlement accelerates abruptly is smaller than the limit support pressure. The failure

zone directly propagates up to the ground surface. In engineering practice

attention should be paid to

the ground surface settlement and limit support pressure to keep the tunnel face safe. When C / D ≥

2. 0

a stable soil arch exists above the tunnel crown and extends upwards to approximately 0. 7D -

1. 3D and 0. 9D - 2. 3D.

Key words

threedimensional discrete element method

face stability

shield tunnel

sandy ground

flexible stress boundary

   

,具

、黏

,对

,给

,采

、模

,前

,如

线

、半

、楔

35

假设应

68

(下

)或

89

(上

10

1113

. Chambon

Corté

10

限支护压力

Kirsch

Idinger

1112

,同

,并

,数

研究中得到了广泛运用

有限元方

Vermeer

14

Li

15

FLAC3D

散元方面

1620

,王俊等

17

采用

PFC2D

地层中泥水盾构掌子面稳定性

Chen

19

,但

,一

;模

,但

;数

,计

、网

,且

:如

Chen

19

,且

Melis Maynar

Medina Rodrigue

20

,研

,本

Chambon

Corté

10

,采

,从

,研

、土

,该

(空

、流

)对

,将

,模

,本

,考

,采

1 

1. 1 

    Chambon

Corté

10

型箱尺寸为

1. 20 m

(长

× 0. 80 m

(宽

×

0. 36 m

(高

),采

Fontainebleau

,主

:颗

50

= 0. 17 mm

;不

= 1. 47

;重

15. 3 ~ 16. 1 kN / m

;内

38° ~ 42°

;黏

0 ~ 5 kPa.

C / D = 0. 5

1. 0

2. 0

4. 0

D = 0. 1 m

50g

100g

130g 3

,对

10 m

13 m.

(3)

西

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

53

线

,此

1. 2 

   

PFC3D

Chambon

Corté

,不

,故

,仓

,且

1  Chambon

Corté

Fig. 1  Sketch of Chambon and Cortés model test

PFC3D

,通

Fish

21

)所

,程

,得

,所

沿

线

,得

(即

),再

(图

))

f = pA

kPa

),便

了给掌子面施加支护

,构

便

,可

,所

,其

土颗粒平均直径(

avg

)之

avg

/ l

,过

,经

avg

/ l = 16.

)离

)土

2 

Fig. 2  Sketch of the earth pressure installation

3 

Fig. 3  Relationship between grid cell and sand particle

2 

2. 1 

   

考虑到隧道埋深

,标定围压

σ

选为

50

100

200 kPa.

,标

φ = 38°

,黏

c = 0 kPa

,与

Fontainebleau

. 1#

线

1  PFC3D

Tab. 1  Calibrated PFC3D microscopic parameters

/ cm

·

m- 1

·

m- 1

kg

·

m- 3

1# 8 ~ 12 7. 0 × 107 7. 0 × 107 2 400 0. 80 2# 15 ~ 20 7. 5 × 107 7. 5 × 107 2 500 0. 85

4 

Fig. 4  Calibration of microscopic parameters

(4)

 

,等

:砂

,采

wall

,有

)所

,假

,并

,得

沿

1 ≤

i≤n

)投

,得

便

,再

沿

,便

,边

,数

100

,更

)所

,在

线

1#

,其

2 #

,两

线

,颗

0 ~ 1

)网

)剪

5 

Fig. 5  Sketch of triaxial test

2. 2  PFC3D

   

,综

:长

×

= 18 m × 25 m

,高

)由

,共

C / D = 0. 5

1. 0

2. 0

4. 0 4

,隧

D = 5. 0 m.

线

3. 5 m

内(粒

8 ~ 12cm

m = 7. 0 m

)的

8 ~ 12 cm

,其

15 ~ 20 cm.

中的长度

7. 0 m

,地层外的长度

2. 5 m

,隧

4 m.

,模

1  

wall

wall

1 × 10

N / m

,摩

),根

,采

“落

”分

,在

2 

y≤0

+ z

≤2. 5

wall

元生成盾构机

,其法

1 × 10

11

N / m

,摩

0. 2

3 

,并

线

,此

0 kPa

,同

,当

,可

10

)纵

)纵

6 

Fig. 6  Sketch of model and monitoring point distribution

,每

50 000

,保

证模型达到平衡状态

. C / D = 2. 0

7.

7  PFC3D

Fig. 7  PFC3D numerical model

3 

   

,得

、掌

、地

、失

(5)

西

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

53

3. 1 

   

,在

,得

线

C / D = 2. 0

(图

1. 0 m

,坐

0. 0

1. 0

2. 5

),由

献[

1012

]知

,该点位于失稳区中心位

,能

8 

线

Fig. 8  Relationship between subsurface settlement and support pressure

,测

线

:初

,但

;当

,测

,由

10

]可

,本

工况的掌子面极限支护压力

,具体结果如表

2 

Tab. 2  Limit support pressure under various C / D C / D 0. 5 1. 0 2. 0 4. 0 pf/ kPa 7. 5 9. 0 10. 0 10. 5

,引

γD

)将

Chambon

Corté

10

γ

,两

深变化规律是相同的

,可以分为两个阶段

C / D≤1. 0

C / D

,而

C / D≥2. 0

,基

,出

结果的可能原因是

Chambon

Corté

10

,内

38° ~ 42°

角(

φ = 38°

),还

0≤c≤5 kPa

),而

0.

Vermeer

14

,此

79

]知

,黏

,减

,故

9 

Fig. 9  Comparison between numerical results and other researchs

,将

离散元计算结果与理论研究

89

Kirsch

11

结果也进行了对比

离散元计

果略大于

Leca

Dormieux

Mollon

,由

是合理的

;离散元计算结果与

Anagnostou

Kovari

提出的三维楔形体模型吻合良好

,当

C / D≤1. 0

,当

C / D = 2. 0

前者略小于后者

,出现该现象的可能原因是当

C / D≥2. 0

,提

,而

,掌

,关

3. 5

. Kirsch

11

32. 5°

,小

38. 0°

Vermeer

14

,故

,研

η = p / p

,其

线

,则

η

12. 0%

11. 7%

9. 6%

5. 8%

η

C / D

3. 2 

   

,特

1 

(6)

 

,等

:砂

2 

,依

线

10

C / D =

2. 0

y = 0. 5

z = 3. 0

)测

10 

Fig. 10  Typical vertical displacement curve at transverse profile

   

11

,采

11

,对

C / D = 0. 5

p = p

0 kPa

,且

,数

,出

,且

:失

p = p

0. 77D

p = 0 kPa

1. 02D

,此

定范围

C / D = 1. 0

,失稳区同样发展

,与

,具

C / D =

0. 5

基本相同

,但分布范围更大

C / D = 2. 0

4. 0

,失

,分

,两

C / D = 0. 5

C / D = 1. 0

C / D = 2. 0

C / D = 4. 0

11 

Fig. 11  Longitudinal profile of failure zone

3. 3 

   

12

C / D = 2. 0

(坐

0. 0

1. 0

12. 5

))沉

线

12

,相

,地

,地

,滞

,具

3.

η

= p

/ p

)分

10. 4%

7. 8%

4. 3%

2. 2% . p

/ p

1. 2

1. 5

2. 2

2. 6.

,实

,地

参照

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