Bu11.Fac.Bioresourccs,MicUni\▼.
No.14:1−24 March25.1995
CytogenetiealAn乱IysesofReeiproea.1TransloeationsinBarley KatsuyukiKAKEI〕AandShin−ichiroM‡YAHARA
FacultyofBioresources,MieUniversiもy
Abstract
Breakpoints in the reciprocal translocation linesderived from. a barley variety Chikurin−ibarakiNo.1 (TSlines)wel・e anal)′Zed b)・1neanS Of C−and N−banding teehniques,and wel・e preciselylocalizedin420ut Or481ines examined.Tl・anSlocated Chromosomesintheremaining61ineswereidentifiedbさ′Chromosomepairinganalyses.
Thus,iい\一aSre\・ealedthatalltranslocationsexceptT3・7\Vellein\・01\rCdinTSlines、
Breakpoints\Verea11assignedininterbandregions,COnrirmingpreferent、ialbrcakagein
thosereg・10nS.
The orientation beha\riour ofquadrivalents at meiotic metaphaseIin trLanSlocation heteroz)・gOteS andits relationships to the partialsterility wereinvestigated using TSlinesalongwithanothel・SetOftranslocationlinesderivcdfrom■Bonus (TS$1ines).
Anexpectedfertilityoftranslocationheterozygote\\・aSealculatedbasedmainlyonthe frequency ofalternate orientation.A positive correlation was observed bet\\reen the
expected fertilitl,and the obsel、、,ed seed ferLility,COnfirming that the orientation
behaviour of quadri\,alents could be the main eause of the partialsLerility oftrElnSlocationheterozygote.1twasalsofound that,regal・dless ortranslocation,Seed fertilitiesof translocation heteroz〉−gOteS\\,ith the hetel・OgeneOuS geneLie baekground
WereSignificantlyhigherthanthosewiththehomog・eneOuSg・eneticbackground.This difference、、′aS COnSistent with the observations on expected fertilities.atleast,in the
translocation heteroz),gOteS Pl・Oduced with TSSlines.suggestinglhat orientation
fl・equenCiesofquadri、,alentscouldbeinfluencedbytheparentalgenotypes.
Key、、・Ords:HoT・detLmL・ulgare・tranSlocationbreakpoint・Chromosome bandingl translocationheterozygote・quadrivalentol・ientation
In七roduetiom
Reciproealtranslocationis produced by aninterc‡lange Or Chromosome seg・mentS beもween two non−hom0logouschromosome臥 Alargenumbero=ransloeaもionlineshavebeenprodueedandutilized foで1inka卵Studiesinmanyplan七色ndanimalspeeie凱Inbarley(助rde比m U㍑なαreL.),numerOuS ぶtudiesonprodu離ionandutilizaもionorもranslocationlineshavebeenreportedユ●3〉buもinformaもiononthe
locationofbreakpointsisverylimitedduetothedi汀ieultyofpachytene analysis.Preciselocation of
breakpointsiscrutialforphysicalmappingofgenesonchromosomesbytranslocationanalysis.
In卵neral,plantsheterozygousfortranslocation(もranslocationheterozygot¢S)showparぬ1sterility,
andin the rollowing(F=)generation fertileplantsandpartially sterile plants segregatein a ratio
Ofl:1.This geneticalcharacteristic oftranslocationis the basis oftranslocat、ion analysis.In the
KatsuyukまKÅKEDAandShin−ichiroMIYAIiARÅ
Elnalysis of seed rertilitiesinF:POPulations from translocation heterozygotes or barley,howcver.
Makino(1987,1988)用foundthatdiscrirninationorparもially sterile plants rrom fertile planもS WaS dirficultinsomeo=hepopulations,\\▼hcl・e\・aluesofseedfcr・tility\\,eredistributedeontinuouslyorthey
wereclassifiedintothre8grOupSOrmOre,andthatinotherpopulationsthese官re富ation ratio offertile and parもially sterile plants deviaもedsigniricantly fromもheexp¢Cもedl:1.でhe author then examined
frequenciesoforientationtypesofquadrivalent(i.e.,alternateandadjacentorientations)atmeiotic metaphasel(Ml)intraIISloeationheteroz〉・gOteS.Whiehha\・ebeenregardedastlleCauSe Orthc pnl・tinl stcrility,andin、L・eStigatedrelationshipsbet11・eenthe orientation frequencies Elnd the obsel、、・ed sccd a】1d POllenfertilities.Itwas$hownintheanalysisthat the observed fertilities were hig・her than those
expeetedfromthevaluesorol、ientationrrequcnciesinmanyofthetranslocationheterOZ〉・gOtCSCXamined,
leading to the h),pOthesis that the compensatoty function for segmentalduplications and dcricicncies mightbein\・01\,edin the variationsin the degree ofpartialsterilit〉・.In trElnSloeation analyses.itis
CruCialtodistinguishpartiallysterileplantSfromrcrtileplants.】tisLhereroreimportElntlOin\・eStig■ate the phenomena as exemplified abovein morc detailrl・On=he\・iewpoint of practicalapplicalion or transloeationanalysisas\\▼ellasbasicstudiesontheorientaionbehaviourorquadri\∫alents.
This paper presents results obtained from the rollo\\ring t\\▼O eXperiments.First.loeatioIlOr breakpoinもSinthe r¢eiprocalもmnslocationlines(TSlines)or barley produced by Makino(1987,
1988)刷wasexaminedbyusingC−andN−bandingtechniques.Second,もhe orientaもion behaviour or quadrivalentsin tran$location h¢terOZyg・0もes andits relationships to もhe parもialsteriliもy were
investigatedusingTSlines along withanothersetoftranslocationlines.Differencesin orientation frequencyandseedferもilitywer¢Ob8erlred盈mOngtranSユoc且tまonbeterozygoもes,andfactorsi刀VOユvedin
the differencesal、ediscussed、
MaterialsandMethod$
l.Localizationorbreakpoints
Forty・eightreclprOCaltranslocationlinesinduced byirradi&tions to seed80f a six−rOWed barley varie軌 Chikurまn〜ibarakiNo.1 (TSlines)ヰ・8)wereused.Se¢dsoftheselineswere provided rrom DrT.Makino,Nat.Agr.Res.C離rりTsukuba.Translocatedehromosomesin351ines were previously identifiedbasedontheobservationsofchromosomepalrlngSintheFlhybridsbetweentheselinQSand
translocation testerlines and/oT between each two of some of TSlines4−5).Neither transiocated ehromosomearmsnol・breakpoints,ho\\・eVer,havesofarbeenidentiriedfol・alltheTSlines.
C−andN−banding・techniques$)wereappliedtoidentifybreakpointsofTSlines.C・and/orN−banding patもerヱ1Sがmiも0もicme払phas¢ehromosomesiヱ1飽Cぬtr盈nSlocaとion homozygote were examir】ed and
COmPared\\riththoseoftheoriginal\ごariet〉・▲Chikurin・ibarakiNo.1 .Forlineswhosebrcakpointscould notbeidentiriedb〉・thebandingmethods,ChromosomepairingsintheF−hybridsbct\\reCnlhoselincsa】一d tra11SIocationtesterlinesand/orotherTSlincswcreexarninedtoidentify translocatc〔lchro1110SOmCS・
lIntel・CrOSS h;IethodIT \\raS applied toidentify translocated chl,OrnOSOme armSin thoselincs.
Chromosomepairinganal)・SeSWerernadealsoforthelineswhose translocated chrornosomes hELd not beenidentified b〉,Makino(1987,1988)川to conrirm theidentification of their translocated chromo−
SOmeSbythebandingmethods.
CytogeneticalAnalysesorReciprocalTransloca豆onsin王玩ば1ey
3
Ⅲ.Oricntationbehal∫ioul・Orquadril,alcntsin translocation heteroz)Pgotes andits relationships to the
parぬ15如iユiけ
TSlincsal−danothcrseto[l・CCiprocaltranslocationlines,TSSlines\\Tel・euSed.Fort)・−foul、TS$1ines,
Whichorlglriated行omatwo−rOWedbarleyvariety, Bonus ,WereSelectedfromtheWorldColleetionof barleyもranslocationsa .BreakpointsinmostortheTS$1ineswereidentiried previously8).plants homozyg・OuSfortranslocationwerecrossedwith Chikurin・ibarakiNo.1 and/or Bonus toproduce
translocationheterozygotes.Thoseheteroz)rgOuSPlants\VerCClassiriedinto the follo\\うngこ1groups of
lines:TF11incs(lChikurin−ibal・akiNo.1■ x TSlincs),TF.Blincs( Bonus x TSlines),SFllines
( 30nuS ⅩでS$iiれeS)鋸東上$FCiまれeS(fCbikurin・ibaraiくiNo.1 ⅩTS$1ines).PlanもSWeregrOWnin thcricldfromLhe\\・interof1992tothespringor1993.
Meioもic ehromosomeconrigurationsin transloeation heterozyg・OteS Were eXamined atMIor pollen mothercells.YoungspikeswerefixedinCarnoy sfixaもiv8(ethanol:Chloroform:aCeticacid=ご6:3:1)
rorseveraldaysatroomtemperaもur¢,thentransrerredinも070%ethanoland如redat−200cuntilused
rorobser、・ation.Antherst・akenfromeachrloreLwel・eStained\\▼ithadropofacetocarlninesolution on
theglassslide,followedbyasquashpreparations.Basically,mOrethan300MIcellsintotalwere Observedforeach仁ranslocaとionhe如ozyg・0とeusl汀gとWOpreparatio王15,Frequenciesoforまenとatまontype50r quadrivalent,along・wi七h ぎrequencies of eells with s糾en bivalents,Were eXamined for eacb preparation.Based onもhose frequeneies,an eXpeCもed rertility oどtransloeation h¢terOZygOte WaS CE11culated.Dctailsonthc[ormulaofthecalculationasヽヾellastheclassificationoforientationtypesor quadrivnlentarcdescl・ibcdlater(seeResultsnndDiscussion).
Seedferもilitieswereexamまneduslr噂,basically,9spまkesfrom3planもSrOrthesix−rOWedbarle、†rllSand TF】1ines)and18spikesfrom3plantsforthetwかrOWedbarley(TS$,でF!B,$ア}andSF,ぐ号inp§)
でhus,atOtaまorapproxまmateまy500kernelさWaSeXamined∫oreachline.Per eenもSeed fertiliとy waぶ Calculatedforeachspilくeandthenthea\reragefertility、、raSObtainedforeachline.
Spikesjust prior to antbesis were collected ror pollen fertま1ity determinations and werelくept aS
mentionedaboveuntilused.Pollengrainsweretakcnoutofanthel・SrrOmeaehfloretonlheglassslide andw¢reSぬinedwi抽adropofac如ocarminesoluもion、でbeslidewasgentlyheatedonrlameandused
ぎorobservation.Pollenぎertま1itywasdeも訂minedbasedonthe observaもion ortwo sperm ntlCleiand a
、・egetati、・C王一uCleusin the rilled grain.MorethenlOOOpollengrainsin total\\′ereeOunted using20r3
pr叩arationsroreachline.PercerltpO王1enferもilitywascalculatedroreachfloretandther王theaveragefertま1itywasobtainedroreaehline.
Results and Discussion I.Localizationofbreakpoints
Thebanding・pa比ernpolymorpbismunlquetO Chikurin−ibarakiNo.1 wasobserved when compared Withthebandingpaもt訂nSOfotherbarleyvarietiesreportedpreviouslyβ〜:りでhedistaまbarldapp8aredon theshorもarmofchromosome5(5S)and2)thQmOStprOXimalbandonぬelongarmofchromosome3
(3L),Whichareobservedinもheothervarieties,WaSnOtObserved(see万、igs.1and6rorcomparison).
Otherbasiccharacteristicsinもhebandingpa侮rnwQr¢eOnSisもenttothoser叩Orもedpreviously郎.c・and
N−bandingpatternswerethesameexceptthebandslocatedatcentromericsites,i.e.,CentrOmericbands
KaもSuyukiKAKEDÅandShin・ichiroMIYAHARÅ
Fig.1Brcakpointsin the reciprocaltransloeationlines deri\・ed rrom■Chilくurin−ibaraki
No.1 (TSlines).Figur¢SinbracketsindicateTSlinenumbersandasterisked
ones are しhelincs whose translocated chromosomes wcre notidentifiedin the
previousanalysisbyMakino(1987,1988)dr5).Breakpointsinsixlines(TS2,14*,
15,18,;13●.an〔ト18●)could not beidentifiedin this stud)I.When positions or
breaLkpointswithininterband reglOnS Were nOt determined precisely,those are
assignedin thc center part of eachinterband.Idiograms represent N−banding pattCrnSOfchromosomesin.Chikurin−ibaralくiNo.1 .N・bandingspecificbandsat centromcricsitesareshownbl・dottedbands.S,LandanaI・rO\VSho、、一Shortarm.longarmandcentromerepositionoreachchromosome,reSPeCti\rCly.Solidcircles outsideidiogramsreprcsentthefrequenc)・Ofchromosomebreaksineachinterband
reglOn・
CyLogeneticalA11alysesofReciprocalTranslocationsinBarley
(shownasdottedbandsinFig.1)appearedonlyinN−banding.Theterminalbands on 2L,3Land
7Lwerehardlyobservedineitherofthetwobandingrnethods.
B),COmparingCand/orN−bandingpattelt】1SOfchromosornesbetween Chikurin−ibarakiNo.11and
each ofTSlines,breal叩Oints eould beidentificdin421ines.as shownin Fig.l.C−and N−banded metaphasespreadsin two TSiine$areShownin Fig・.2.,and8OmeOfC−andN−banded tr&nSloc&ted Chl・OmOSOrneSarealsoexemplifiedalongwiththeil・idiogramsinFig.3.Allthebreakpointsidentified WereaSSignedtointerbandregions.Thisconfirmedprererentialbrealくageinthosereg−ionsasrepol、ted
previously8・9)・Although breakpoints were widely distributed from distalto proximalparts of
ehromosomes,nO breakagewas obser\・ed atcentI・OmereS.Breakpointslocated elose to eentromeres
(e.g.,TS32,49,55etc.)wereallconfirmedtobelocatedoutside the centrorneric bands specific for N−banding(indicatedasdottedbandsinFig.1).
ToidentifytranslocatedchromosomesiIlthesixTSliIleS.TS2.1 l,15,18,43and48,Whichcouldnotbe
identifiedfortheirbl・eakpointsb〉▼lhebandingmethods,ehromosomepairingsintheFlhybridsbeLween theselines and translocation testerlines or other TSlines、\▼ere examined.Chl、OmOSOme pairings expectedinthoseFlhybridsareasfollowsり:FlhybridsbetweenlinesoftranslocationsinvoIvingl)the same t≠・O Chromosomes.2)the same one and t\\rO dirferent chromosomes,and 3)four dirfcrcnt chromosomes show chromosome pairings ofl)se\ren bi\・alents(7■■)or one quadrivalent and fi\一e bivalents(③),2)onehexavaIenも色ndfourbivalenもぷ(⑥),and3)もwoquadriyalentsandtぉ経bivalents
(④④),re8peCtively.TablelshowstheresultsofidentificationoftransIocatedchromosomesinthesix lin¢S.でranslocatedehromosomesorthreelines(TS14,43and48)werenewlyidentiどiedinthis8tudy,
whereasintheoth8rthreelines(TS2,15and18)theresultsofidentificationwereconsistentwiththose r叩OrtedbyMakino(1987,1988)4・ら〉
・Intercrossh:1ethod,†)wasapplied toidentiry translocated chromosome armsin50f tJle6TSlines
mentionedabove.Thismethodisbasedonchromosome pairings and the degree ofsterilityin theFl
h)・brids bet\\・eenlines oftranslocationsin\,OIving Lhesame two chromosomes.The following three
combinationsoftranslocatedarmsarepossible:Breakpointsorthet\\・OtranSlocationlinesareinl)the
samearmsofboLhchromosomes(e.g..breal(POintsorbothlinesareinlSand2S),2)thesamearm of onechrolnOSOmebutinthedifferentarmsofanotherchromosomc(e.g‥bl・eakpointsoflineAareinlS an(12SandthoseoflineBareinlSand2LollinlLand2S).and3)dirferentarmsofbothchromosomes(e.g.,breakpointsorlineAareinlSand2S,andもhoseorlineBareinlLand2L)義 F‡bybridsin汰¢8◎
thre8COmbinations could be distinguished from one another based on the followlng ObBeTVatic)nS:
Chromosomepairingandthedegl・eeOrSterilityexpectedineach oftheabo\・ethreecasesarel)se\・en
bivalentsandlessthan50%steril玩y,2)on¢quadrivalentand five bivalenも畠,and high sterility,and 3)sevenbivalentsandhighst¢riliもy.でheresultsoridentificationoどもmnslocatedchromosomearmsbasedonthismethodal・eSho\\rninTablel.Bet\Veenthetwopossiblearmcombinationsassumptedfor
eachof51ines,thefollo\\,ingcombinationswouldbemorelikelyjudgingfrornthevaluesorseedsterility:
▲lL−5Ⅰ.forTS2andTS14.Liし6LforTS15,3S・6SforTS18andlL・5SforTSiI3.Ho\Ve\∫er,eaChoftheother
possibilecombinationscould notberuled out because,aCCOrding toIくasha and Burnhsm(1965)丁\
OCCaSionalexceptionscouldbeoccurredforthevaluesofsterilityandalsovaluesofseed sterilit)▼Were
notconsistentl〉・aSreliableasthoseofpollensterility.
Åmongthe42・TSlineswhosebreakpointswereidentifiedbythebandingmethods(Fig.1),101ine
KaもSuyukiKAi;EDAarldShin−ichiroMIYAHARA
yi軌 2 MitoticmぬphasespreadsorTSlinessもainedbyC・bandまng・(a,でS30)and
N−banding(b,TS32)treatments.Translocated chrolnOSOmeS arein−
dicated as56and65,Where the former carries 沈e centromereofchromo−
somc5and thclnltcrcar・ries thnt ofchro1110SOme6.
TS4 TS30 TSlO TS21 TS41 TS51
﹇HH=RU﹇︺
てご ︻﹈∩︺日
n=胃 ニ
ー−
n尚==⁚u
ー一
一−
n肖⁚⁚⁚−⁚−. − 一
一叫 nu肖u
14 41 56 65 2き 52 25 52 17 71 27 72
Fig13 TrallSlocnte(lchromosomesandtheidiogrELmSinsixTSliI−eS.C・bnndcd ehl・OmO−
somcs are sho\\・n for thelert51ines and N・banded chromosomes al・e Shown ror
TS51.Arrowheadsindicatebreakpoints.
CyとOgeneticalAnalysesofRQCiprocalでranslocationsin王∋arley
hadnotb¢enidentifiedrortheirtranslocatedchromosomesinthepreviouschromosomepairlng■analyses byMakino(1987,1988)4・5).でoconfirmtheidentiricationbythebanding・methods,Chromosomepairing analysesweremadetlSing・thoselines.Theresulもsobtained(Table2)were allconsis摘nt wiもh the
resulもsrromtheidentiricationbythebanding・methods(Fig.1).In血epreviousanalysesbyMalくino
(1987,1988)=〉,SOmeiユ1COnSistent results were observed wiぬrespeet to ehromosome pairingsinlア1 hybridsol〕はinedfromcrossesuslng・TS24,47,49,50and51.AllsuchincoIISistencies,eXCepもror抽ecase ofTS49,COuldberevisedcorrectlybasedonthedatashowninTable2.
Thus,iもWaSfound払atallpossibletranslocations exceptT3−7wereinvolvedin48TSlines.Table3
Shows distribuもion or breal叩01rltS On the severlChromosomes.The number of brealくSin each
chromosomewasnotsignificantlydi汀erenも(が=6.3d,d.r.=6,0.25<P<0.5)rrom血atexpectedon
thebasisoftheassumptionthatchromosomebrealくageOCCurSinproportio王lもOitslength.Thisindicats thatr肛iprocalとranslocaもionsareinducedrandomlyamongseven chromosome良in barley as reported
Tablcl.ChromosolllCPairingsandSecdFerlilitiesinF11車・bl・idsrorIdeIltificationor
Translocat¢dChromosomesandChromosomeÅrmsinSまⅩTSLines
Ch‡、OmOSOnle Seedste・ Translo(氾tion
(もranslocatedarms)
Line Translt Lirle
No. crossed with
pairingrility(%)
T4−5
(4し5Lor4S・5S‥)
TSIJI TS48(Tl−6)
7
④ ④
⑥⑥⑥㍗㍗⑥⑥
でト4a‥−
で2−4a
T3−4a で4−5a(4L−5L)
でS2 TS33(T4−6)
TS40(T5−7)
TS44(で6−7)
T・l−5
(4し5Lor4S}5S)
TS‖
TS13(で4−6;4L−6S)
TS34(で4・6;4S・6S)
rトl−G
(4し6Lor4S−6S)
④④︐④
7
④④ ④TS36(で2−5)
TS24(で2−7)
TS28(T3−6:3S−6S)
でS8(で4−7)
T3_6
(3S−6Sol13L−6L)
TS50(Tl−5:1S.5L)
でS25(T5−7)
TS44(T6−7)
④ ㍗⑥ ④Tl−5
(1L−5SorlS−5L)
⑥⑥⑥⑥
Tl−2a でS81(Tl−4)
でS22(Tl・7)
TS41(Tl−7)
でS45(T2−3)
でS2(で4−5)
一一一一一一
④ ④
④ ④
7 ,軌⑥,and④④indまcatechromosomepai再ngsorsevenbival錯tS,Onequadrivalenもand rivebi沌1ents,Onehexavalenもandfourbivalents,andtwoquadrivalentsandもhreebivalents,
respectively.
‥ rl・anSlocatedehromosomeal・mSalleindicatedinpal、e】ltlleSeSnS.e.g..( lL.5IJ).
‥■ Tl−4a,T2−4a,eCtリaretranSlocaもiontesもerlinesrromtheWorldCollectionさ〉.
KatsuyukiKAKEDAandShiかichiroMェYAHÅRA Table2.ChromosolnePairinginF】H〉lbrids
forIdentificationofTranslocated ChromosomesinlOTSLines
LineNo. Transl.1ine Chromosome
(Transl.)
crossedwith Pairi咽〈で3_6,
昔④④
TS37 TS22(Tl−7) ④ ③
(T2・4) TS32(T2・4) 7
Å1ternate 2 Å1terDatel
Tl.2a
TS49(で3・5) ④ ① TS 39 ㍗
(T3−5)
TSこ10
(T5−7)
でS14(T4・5)
⑥〒〒
当
旭jacent2
三ニ〒
±
適.jacentl
④⑥④
TS 45
(T2・3)
(T2_4)
Tl−2a TS39(T3−5)
TS13(T4−6)
TS25(で5−7)
TS 49
(で3・5)
④ ⑥
TS26(で2・4)
⑥Fig.4 Schematicrepresentationoffourtypes ororientationorquadrivalentsintrans−
locationheterozygotes・
Translocationsinparenthesesarethose
idenもiriedもybandingme払ods(Fig・1)・
Explanationsontranslocationtester linesandchromosomeparingsaregl\●en
in thenotesorTablel.
Table3.DistributionofBreakpointsinTSI」ines
Chromosome
No. 1 2 3
45
T。ぬ1
(19)(1)(1.2)(17)(1。)(11)(13)Numbersinparenthe$eSShowexpectednurnbersofbreaks,Whichwerecalculatedbased ontheassumptiontbaもtheoceurenc8rrequenCyOrbreaksisproportionalぬChoromosome length・鮎1ativelengもhsorchromosome8Weretakenrrom払edataofyukuiandKakeda
(1990)】6一.SandLindicat.eshortarmandlongarm,reSpeCtively、
C)rLogeneticalAnalysesofRcciprocalTranslocationsinBEulley
pr即iously之〉.
Ⅲ.Orientationbchal・iourofquadriYi11entsin transIocation tletCl・OZygOtCS andits rel11tionships tolhe
partial steriliCy
C£αぎβ漬cα正0花げorie花£α貢0乃わp紺q′q罷αかiuαge㍑£
Oricntationt)・pCSOrquadri\Ⅵlent atInCiotic入■Ilin translocaLion hetcrozygotcs ha\・e bcen elassified,
basically,intofourtypes.i、e‥alternateland2011ienlations,andadjacentland20rientationslO一.The fourtypesoforientationareillustratedinFig.;LInlhisstu(1y,ho\Ve\・er.neithert\\・Oalternatet〉・peSnOr
Fig・5 Photomicrographsofdiffel・enttypesoforicnLationofquadl・i\・alentsilltranSloeation
heterozygotes.(a)alternate,ringtype(b)alもernate,ri咽,Vtype(c)adjacenも,
ringもype(d)adjac¢叫ring,Ⅹtype(e)alternat8,Chaintype(r)adjacenも,ehain とype.Schematicconriguratまonisalsoshowllforeacborientationtype.
Katsuyul;iKAKEDAandShin−ichまroMIYAHÅRA
いVOadjacenttypesweredistinguishablefromeaehoもher.Fig.5showsconrigurationsorquadrival¢nと observedinthisstudy.Foralternat¢Orientations,nOrmalri咽(yig.5a)andchain(Fig・.5e)types,
andもheV−Sllapedconriguration(yig.5b),Whic王Iisdefinodas aiもernate3 orienもaもionaccording仁o
Endrizzie£α〜.(19幻)〉1),WereObserved.Foradjacentori¢nはもions,besidesnormalri咽(Fig.5c)and chaim(Fig.5f)types,anOthQrChaintype(Fig・.5d)whichapp8aredintherormorRomannumeralX
(definedasXtypebyI三ndrまzzig£α〜.(1983)l王りwasobserved.Inadditiontocellswi汰onequadrivalent
andrivebivalents,Cellswithsevenbivalentwerealsoobserved.However,C¢11sinvolvi咽Oneunival¢nも,
onetrivalenもandrivebivalents,aSObservedbyMakino(19軋198鋸=)werenotobservedinthiss血dy.
Cα〜c㍑Zαと‡0托げeズpeC£edカ「藍iヱi££eぶf柁£用花βヱ0ごα£ioJl九e£erozツgOヱeぶ
Partialseriliもynormallyobservedinも柑nSlocationh銃erozygoもesis酢nerally expl乱ined as rollows.
Whennocrosslng・0VerOCCurSbetweellCentrOmereand breal叩Oint,bothalternateland20rientations prodeceonly rertilegameとes,Whereasboth adjacenも1and20rientatまonsproduce o】11ysterilegameもes l)eCnuSCOrLhcgeneticinbalancelhaLl・CSultsrrol一=1一(一SCgmCntal〔luplicationsanddeficiencicsdistl・ibutcd
も0組Chgameもe(seeFig.4).Onth¢Otherhand,incaseacrossingoveroccursbetweene¢ntrOmere alld breakpoi帆half or the gametes b8COme St紺ile and the oもher half or tbem beeome fertile ror
alternaもel,alもernate2andadjacenもlorientatまonswhileallthegame捷Sbecomesterileforadjacent2 0rie】1とationⅢ〉一 yrequenCies or crosslng OVer between centromere and br¢akpoint are,however,
unknownrorもranslocationlinesusedin this study.Furthermore,ithasbeen generally observedぬat
CrOSSユngOVerbeもⅥ,een CenrOmere aJld bヱ・eakpoinもis suppressed.Thus,influences or crosslng・0Verbetweenthem wer¢disregarded when calcula血g expected rerti】iもies.Ås r喝ards cells wi血sev錯
bivaleIl払飽Cわbまvaユer主tin和まⅤま曙Oneもrarほlocaとedcbromosomeisexpec仁¢dもObeorientedrandomly to
eachpole.andthereどorethegam飢¢Sdi畠tribuもedinthosecellsshouldbehalrrerもileandhalfsterile.
BasedonぬeabovecorlSまderatまon,aneXpeCとedぎerとiliもy oデモransloeatまoロムet紺0ヱygOteWaS ealculated
accordingtotherollowingrormula:
Expect¢drertility(%)㌫(Fr¢quenCyOrC811sw主とhanalとernatequaかまvaユenと)十(Frequencyofcells
wiもhsevenbまvalents)/2.
Corre払£;oJ18わe如ee柁£九ee霊peC£edカ㍗££ヱ£紗α花d£ただoむ8e和edぶeedα71dpoヱ£餓カ㍗まi£i如ぷ
Table4showstheexpecもedrerもilitiesoftranslocationheも群OZygOte凱 Seedandpoユ1en rerti王iとies or
thcm al・e Shoヽ\▼nin Tables5and6,reSpeCtively.Data are gi\でn Separatel)・for the t\\・O grOupS Of
translocaもionheterozygotes,Tぎ王andでダーBlines(Tables5a,6aand7a),and$Fland$ダ1Clines
(Tables5b.6band7b).BreakpoilltSOf rSSlincs,Whichwereidentifiedbythebandingmethodsinthe previousstudy8),arealsosbowninyig.6.
Tablc7sho\\′S\・aluesorcorrelationcocrfieic11tSbetwcetleaCh orthe\・alues ofexpeeted fcrtil恒−,SCCd
fcrtilit),and pollen[crlilit〉▼.In each oflhcい、・O gIrOupS Or tranSlocation hetero叩gOteS,a POSitivccorrelationwasobservedbetweenexpeetedfertilityandseedfertility,althoug・hthevalueofrwasnotvery highbutwasstatisticallyslg・nまfieanもat軌e5%1evelineachease.Scattergramsbeもweenthemarealso
showninFigs.7aand7b.MeanvallユeSOfexpecもedandseedrertilitiesusedinthisanalysISWere67.0%
and66.3%,reSpeCもiv81y,rOrT甘1andTFIBlines,and66.4%and66.6%,reSpeetively,for$y王and$FIC
lines.It was revealed byレtesもS thatin each case the mean values of these twolines were noも
CyもogeneticalArは1ysesofReciprocalTranslocationsinBarley
11
Tl−4 T2−4 丁3−4 T4−5 T4−6
T4−ア1
4 2 3 4 5 6 4Fig.6 Br¢akpointsinもhereciprocaltranslocationlinesderivedrrom Bonus (TS$1ines).
DaもearetakenfromKakedaandYamagata(1991)&〉.yig・ureSbetwe組idiogram$
indicateTS$1inenumbers.BreakpointsinlOlines(TS$9,25,63,81,85,106,107,
108,109andlll)have notso rar beeniderlもiried.王diog・ramS repreSenもN−bandir噂
paもterllSOrChromosomesin−Bonus .Forother¢Xplanatまons,SeenOteSOrFig,1.
○ $Fl
● $FIC
︵盗訟叫コ︸hむ叫畷お∽筍已心S貞 80
粛︶訟呵コ︸恕叫層∽屯営hむSqロ
●
0
● ○
′1 ●
●
●
0
0 0 ●
0
0
0 0
0
0 00
50 60 70 80
Ex匹Cted fertiユity(%)
50 60 70 80
Ex匹Ctedfertilま母(瑚
Fig.7 Relationshipb¢tWeentheexpectedrertiliyandtheobservedseeこiぎerとま1まtylntranslocationheもerozygoもes.(a)TIr;andTFIBlines.(b)$yland$F】Clines.
12 Kat$uyukiKÅKEDAandShin儀ichiroMIYA王iARA
Table4.FrequenciesofOricnLalionTypesofQuadl・i\,alentsandCellswitllSe、,enBi、,alents
atMlorM8iosis^loIlg\\・ithExpectedFel・tiliticsinTl・anSlocationHeteroz)rgOteS a.TFland TFIB LinesExpcetedrertility(P6)
1nd. Ave.±SE●
Li。e Fl。血書聖 Alternateorienもalion
Adjacentorienは血n No. No.
Cclls Ring Chain Total(%) Ri咽Chain で0料=灘)ヽ暮ノヽ.ノ ヽノヽ−ノ ヽノ ︶ ︶ ヽlノ ヽ−ノ︶ ヽノ ヽ︐ノ ︶ ヽノ ︶ ︶ ヽ−ノ︶ ︶︶ ヽ︼ノ ヽ.−ノ 白U 1 2 4 1 0 2 6 8 QU 6 4 0 2 8 八八︶ 2 2 6 9 6 8 3 3 1 ∩′︼ l 1 0 1 1 り一3 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 ︵ ′lヽ ′l\ ′l\ ︵ ︵ ′■\︵ ︵′■\ ′︼ヽ′lヽ ′\′l\ ︵ ︵ ︵ ′−\ ︵ ′..\ ′lヽ ′−ヽ 6 5 2 4 りム 0 2 1 へ苺 3 5 6 nV 2 3 つU 2 2 1 1 1 ウリ
︶ ヽ−ノ ︶︶ ヽ一ノ︶ ︶ ︶ ︶ ヽ∋ノ ヽlノ︶ ︶ ヽノ ︶︶ ヽlノ \ノ ヽ−ノ ヽ−ノ ︶ヽ−ノ 0 4 5 5 4 6 9 9 5 2 7 つU 1 9 一エ 7 8 6 0 3 9 7 4 ごU 2 1 5 0 9 1 1 8 0 QU 8 5 5 8 6 8 4 3 6 5 n∂ 3 3 つU 3 2 2 8 ∩一U 2 2 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 ウリ ∩ヽU 2 2 ′−\︵ ︵′t\ ︵ ︵ ︵︵ ︵︵ ′.\︵ ︵ ′lヽ ′lヽ︵ ︵ ︵ ︵ ︵ ︵ ′.ゝ1
39 4 ウ︼ 2 6 9 3 2 0U ︵‖﹀ 2 ∧火︶ 3 ∩∂︵パ︶ 4 8 A−7 3 4
5 ︹U 5 5 6 3 4 5 仁U 4 カー3 7 4 4 4 4 4 5 3 4 463.1±1.0
67,1士0.2 71.7±7.7 68.6±0.9 69.2±1.7 79.0士ま.0
62.7士10.8
72.2±1.8 71.7±0.9 66.0±0.3 73.1±0.3 65.6±0.8 63.9±9.0 61.9士0.5 67,0±4.8 61.8±1.4 66.7±5.1 55.6±2.2 97(62.2) 52
6 6 ごU 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 QU 5 7 7 7 7 7 6 点U 7 7 6 6 7 5 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 6 5 にU 4 2 6 7 4 9 9 7 7 0 8 nU l ∂ 4 ︵U 9︺ 0 5 6 2 3 4 6 2 4 1 2 1 2 3 0 1 1 7 nJ l⊥ 0 9 QU ハU 4 5 nO 6 9 00 9 仁リ 0 4 68 7 2 鎗U 4 ▲‖0 5 ハロ9 4 4 QU 3 2 4 ∩む 7 7.4l ︵ソ︼
lエ︶ QU 4
mm
6 2 ∧hU 5 5 6 6 仁U
l l l l 4 qリ りむ 5 9 ∩∂ 8 6 0 5 4 5 00 9 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 .q 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5 QU 4 2 6 5 6 0 4 4 2 0 ウ山 3 1 八X︶ 6 一■l nO 3 3 8 7 5 9 6 6 っU 4 6 7 ハU 5 4 71
1 ウ﹈1
1 2 1l 1 4 n∂ l
4 2 1 1 4 2 0 1 2 2 2 5 3 ■i O 5一・⊥ ハU †エ 7 2 2 2 1 ハリ 4 1 2 9 1 4 5 5 1 1 0 7 2 5l 1 ︵ソ︼
98(60.5) 5 110(66.3) 5 109(66.1) 5
1 2
1 3ハ射
旧ト
F T で′し111(63.4) 61
5 5 7 7 1 1
1 9︶ り︼ 6
⁝に叫⁚⁚
139(79.4) 3 113(68.9) 4 112(67.5) 5 110(66.7) 4 119(70.0) 4
4 6 6 6 1 1
12
29釘
旧ト
F T T︵ 5 0 6 ︻1 1 1 1 2 6︶ 2 4㈹
八イリ 5
9 ︻− 1 1 126車
道2−仙ぎm⊥ T′し
148(76,7)
137(78.3)
84(51.9)
121(72.9)
125(73.1)
116(69.5)
118(72暮0)
118〈70.2)
104(65.4)
73(65.8)
116(72.5)
ま24(72.5)
103(59.9)
99(62.7)
129(72.1)
94(54.3)
102(61.1)
100(61.7)
116(71.2)
97(61.0)
105(61.8)
95(59.7)
115(70.6)
102(61.1)
88(56.8)
85(52.5)
32
l ■ソ︼
6\ノ
3 5
TFl㈹ ∩ノ︼ 亡U l l′−
6 ごU 7 6 1 1 1 1 4 qU 2 5 0 2
7 9 2 1 ハU 91 1 1 3 入ソ︼ 3 7 ︻−・︵h︶ ヘソ︼ 5 ▲ソ1 1づ 8 たU 5 QU 3 6 0 3 9 7.4 4 A− 3 4 5 3 4 d7 qU 2 4 6 6 5 4 5 5
l n′︼
36幻
詣2. F T T︵ 4 8 6 6 1 1
1 ︵ソ一
4\ノ27
⁝㍉⁚小・⁚ 3 0 9 7 9 1 5 1 1 1 ユ 2 ハV\ノごU・J7
撒胴 O 1 6 7 1 1
12⁚
帥⁚⁝⁝ F T
T′し
3 ユ 5 2
1 2 5 6
1 1・ふ ヽノ ︶ ヽlノ ︶9 6 7 2 9 ︻− 1 1 ︵ ′l\ ′..\ ︵ 7 2 つU 2 1 1・
︶ ︶ ヽ.ノ ︶2 7 3 5 0 9 6一く1
3 ︿ソ︼ ︵ソー4 ′し ︵ ︵︵2 7 7 7
5 4 4 7
2 ▲uU 7 5 1 1
1 2
8 ヽ一ノ
2 6Tyl㈹ 4 5 6 4
1 QU 9 9
1 9 3 L− 2 7 7 ごU 6 1⊥ l l l
l ■ソ︼
4.−ノ
3 6 l ヽソ︼
︶ ヽノ3 0
臥ワh
3 3
/.\.′−\
4 nU
6 6
\ノ ヽノ ︶ヽ︼ノ ︶ ︶ ごU 2 2 5 9 30 1 1 2 2 1
︵ ︵ ︵︵ ′一t\︵l へソ︼
34の
lB4一
F T T︵ 2 4 ︶ ヽ−ノ
6 5
︻.− 6
2 ∩≠U ︵︵5 80
4 5
3 3
0 00
1
3 9
6 5 1 1
12 2︶
5 6
㈹
ー.れU 2
ヽ−ノヽ−ノnJ O
︻れqい3 3
︵︵ 0 り︼6 6
9 8 9 8
0 9
︻′− 5
1 11 ︵ソ︼
52の
詣5. F T
T︵
61
ヽ−ノ︶ ︶ \ノ
5 2 9 9 り︼ l l l ︵ ︵ ︵︵
一﹈﹁ ︵ソ︼ 3 3
ヽノ︶ ︶ヽノ
0 ︻− 3 ︻.− 7 7 1 こJ
巧3 4.戌一 ′一t\︵ ︵ ︵A︼ ∩ヽリ 4 4
・4 6 6 7
5 7 7 7−
3 7 6 6
1 1
・l ︵リ︼
5ヽ−ノ ウ〟 7
でぎl㈹
4 6 2 9 3 5 6 6
4 8 7 7
5 2 5 6 1 1
1 2
5 2坐り
迫5■ F T
T︵
lAveragefertilityoftwofloretswithstandarderror.
Takenfromthesameplantasfloretl.
CytogenetiealAnalysesofReciproealでranslocationsinBarl¢y
13 Table4(Continued).
b.$F.a11d$FICLines
Alternate orientation Adj且CentOrientation Expectedrertiliもy(%)
Ind. Åve.±SE●
Line Floret
No. No.
Cells Ri曙 Chain Total(%) Ring Chain で0ねl(%)$Ⅰ√15
(で1・4b)
−
..
ミ:∠
・J:
_…, 】 卜
!
..
L
⊥_.
、
・l
ーi
.−
$ぎ154
(T3−4m)
..
;ミ
iさ:−
.ミ
づ
・主
6
六 ・、
随讃
9
12 1エ2 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 1
要吉孝 壬…31去 主音与教書享 要線g∃ 詑喜 68・2±0・4
喜8教書主
喜8敵写‡喜‡圭:苧∋ 喜雲:g 67・0±2・6
60・9±0・7
謂駄g∋ 書誌去… 詠喜
65 9dU
76 55
44 14 14 40 61 00 ウリO 15 10 80 02 11 01 12 12 63 24 14 328 55 8ウー21 Q︶4 97 1免U ウ〟0 ︵U7 88 16 07 5ハU 8ごU 46 76 21 11 ウ〟1 21 12 11 2−ふ ll
投書:言:
潜:■ご.ト
主管芸∈符喜‡
㌫昔::\
至芸喜‡写‡:孟壬
ほ一室ニミ、、:
主要蛋享謂:霊室
主要等親望∃
圭至宝親等毒 王室重さ語喜∋
圭8喜教書三
三さ一三ミ:こ:
壬至言新主ラ
ミデトニ主:j−
1呂岩∈詑さ毒
主義塁貌望壬
1呂雪駄喜∋
106(67.9)
冨5を喜芸:害∃
主要翌救言責
王子音.、巨鯨
1呂喜級宣‡
喜雪駄喜葺
苧字数3壬
…;…ミ、翫:
43 57
3ハU l﹁⊥ 51 ︵U8 26 1 1
︵00 7n∂ 58 00 51 29
11 11 1 99 24 66 4・4
一三●i●三!:主、:
言霊新雪∋
喜蓋教護壬
王き::さミ:ヨ、
至芸教岩室 孟萎瀧喜壬
喜喜救3‡
喜手数蔓∋
書手親等∋
iミ:−ミ汁 三−て一計二,−
キト≡享:;二
喜宣教呂ヨ
喜g教岩手
言?一郎、:
50(32.1)
:ミミ∴重責:.….
…∈要:要言 芋茎:塁 75・0±2・8
義経喜書 経手 62・化0・7
ほ喜∃ 謂:g 75・ほ2・8雪線喜∋ 学芸:喜 71・6士4・2
曾‡0.g∃ 那 75・5幼8
雪紘書∋ 謂:望 73・6±0・2 3さ1,苧∋ 喜喜:g 軋3蛾7
2至1.望∃ 誇§ 77・9士0・7喜∈墨:8∃ 設蓋 69・8軋0
蔓【1.望∃ 喜呈:雲 53・1±1・3
摘:墨書 喜致畠 68・は0・03 孟夏0・告∃ 詣:宝 72・0士0・2
墓‡望:望∋ 喜彗:芸 62・7軋1 冒∈0.2葺 喜g:苧 67・5±1・8 喜…1・3∃ 喜芸:3 62・8土0■2 0(0) 6乱0
8ウU 45 66 つU5
35 13 12 58 24 22 82 10 11 11 11 11 48 33 19
1
60 67 32 54 5qU 44
88 ﹁▲7
1〇 一寸1
11 ■ソソーーーl l1
5nム 97
77 56
11 11
36 4.5 36 nO6 55 QU3 44 772qU 21 32 95
55 67 17 ?5 11 11 21 †エl ︻−1 114
1
9︵ソ︼ 38
99 88
ndO O2
1 1
06 DOO 一斗O l1
11 11 52 91
65 44
37− 3? ﹁⊥8 0 1 1
4っり 05 76 6 99 18 99 9
一1
34 36 95 6 56 65 5dU 5 11 11 11 1 99 89
45 44 77 7 55 4
︻′ 9 0 2± ± 8 5
7 9 5 659 30 3nO 97 2︻− 15 46 11 32 1 31
01 31 23 7nO A−7 12 36 98 ウ〟l ハUO 89 55 ワー7 ハロ7 11 11
49 57 92 57 57 ■上l ウリつU
65 0たU 5︻′ 56 1〇5 65 55 11 ウ〟l ll ll ll ll l1
1ウ︺ ﹁⊥2 1文Z 12 1ウー12 1ウ︼
︶︶ ヽくノ ヽノ︶00 5爪U 6ウ︼
0 01
′lヽ︵ ′トし.を00 10 12
13 3ウ︼ 33 22 9nU 12 亡U︻′
ll只U6 5Ar O6 50 ︻−一斗 61 1−2 66 64 55 56 りん3 77 45 96 65 41 69 97 63 4QU ︻′6 62 65 2ウー22 11 40 55 6︻′ 66 66 66 55 ごじごU
教g∋
68 46
6 1
0 0
± ± 7 7
5 2 6 6
喜さ:三二汗
新雪‡吾妻1・菖∋
57
62
6 ウ〟 士 OD ︵U l針貌舅 妻指摘
謁▲きま芸:喜∃ 柑写享
1 8
0 1
± ± 4 6
1 2 5 6
gき【詮喜∃
■Al・eragefertilityoftwoflorets\Vithstandarael、rOr.
KaもSlユyukiKAi(EDAandShin・ichiroMIYA王兢RÅ 14
Table5.Seedl手erも最もies(%)orで‡、anSlocatlonHomolandHeほrozygOteS a.TS,TFland′rア】BIJines
Translocation
・ニー ‡−・・:j・ご:‡−∴
ニ :十−・.ミ::−−∴
享§至
芸手職‥喜【芸∋
1 99.0土0.5 27 9臥4ニと0.6
9 96.2±1.1 35 97.4士0.9
′1 1_2
′l l−3
−1 1_・1
1、ト5 rlll−〔ミ
Tl−7 T2−3 rr2−4
620
011
・エ十Tエ 022
軋︻∴︻∴ 999
写圭:邑董茎:護‡圭孟ミ
66.5土2.9(16)
・11ウ︼
qU.4−
67.0ニヒ2.0(9)
::主ニー、一章−−i.
4a 98.4士0.5 50 97.6土0.3
647
什㍗か扶
+茅芋一 908
75ハb 999
39ハ1.O
n∠463.0ニヒ2.9 66.6士3,1 22 96.4土1.0
41 96,6土0.7
65.1士3.1(9)
45 95.2:ヒ1.1(9)
78.3±3,8(12)
67.1土3.2(12)
71.0士4.5(5)
8054
231n∂
土ヤー±±
00296
2nJ91 6767
3−▲︻uqU
O10ハU
JTT﹁二4941
QUごU87
9999762ワー
123qU
66.6±2.2 65.4ニヒ1.9 61.4土4.8 68.8土2.0 65.2土2.3 65.4烹1.8 7(㌔2土1.6 68.5土1.6 6 97,9土0.8
7 96.6士0.9 10 97,7土0.8
21 96.9土0.6 36 98.1土0.4
70 9臥7±0.6 12 97.7±0.5 62 96.1=ヒ0.5 rl、2−5
∴
‡‡、
を冨毒
‡§ミ
‡ヨヨ
・・∴
蔓§毒
72,2:と2.8(7)
67.0±1.7(釘
絶望童墨:蓋∈苧∋ 73.0±2.7(12)
喜豊:呂董壬:蓋‡写∋
︵‖006
010
土土士ll1
768 999
471
り一﹂1555 98.6±0.6
60 98.4士0.639 97.6士0.7 49 99.1土0.4 18 98.7ニヒ0.5 28 96.9土0.8
2 98.1:ヒ0.8 14 97.1土0.8
4 5 つU n∂
で T
57.7ニヒ1.0 71.1±1.3 60.0士1.8(9)
824∩∂
qU2ワ︼nJ
土示ヤニ±
5857
1n∂ウリ7 6655
9669
0nVハリO 土±土士
︹∂8ハ艮︶0
7877 9999
6B.1±2.0(17)
66.7土2.7(18)
35nd4 113つり
66.6:と1,9(9)
喜琴:蓬董萎:孟夏§∃ 弧ほ2.4(10)
60.0±1.5(9) 67.5=ヒ2.1(17)
8 98,2ニと0.7(9)
′r4.7
′115・6
「1、5−7
で6−7
A\′e‡、ag−e
30 97.7ニヒ0.8 52 98.7:と0.6 25 9臥3±0.6 40 97.6土0.6 44 98.2ニヒ0.4
97−6土0.1
(9) 52.1士1.9(9)
64.3土0.9 68.9烹1.7
chikurin−ibarakiNo.1 汎7±0・7(9)
valuesaremeanpeユ・C紺tageS±standarderrors,andthenembersofspiiくeSeXamined
al・eillP;11te11tlleSeS・
TS:Translocaもionhomozygotes・
Tぎ1:Translocaもionh如rozy卯teSderivedfromtheFlhybridsb飢Ween−Chikurin−ibaral【i
N0.1■l111(1TSlilleS.TF}B:Transloeationhe血OZygOteSderivedrromtheFlhybridsbetween Bonus and
TSlまnes,
15
CytogeneticalAnalysesorR肛iprocal′rranslocaもionsinBarl叩 b.TS$,$Fland$F三CLines
Translocaもion
74.2ニヒ1.4(18)
71.7±1.7(18)
72.7±1.8(1幻 71.2±1.8(18)
73.7±2.1(18)
72.5±2.0(18)
78.5±1.8(18)
72.9±1.8(18)
69.1士2.2(18)
76.3:と2.5(18)
67,8士1.7(18)
69.1±1.8(18)
66.3=ヒ1,5(18)
69.9±1.9(18)
66.0士2.2(18)
62.6士1.9(18)
68.2±2.2〈18)
60.0ニヒ2.1(18)
59.2:ヒ3.1(15)
62.1±3.0(12)
63.5=ヒ2.2(18)
56.3士2.5(18)
5 97.4士0.7(18)
9 95.9±0.9(18)
11 91.6士1.4(18)
12 97.4:と0.6(18)
14 96.0ニヒ0.8(18)
17 95.9±1.1(12)
18
bfhlk n O C Cdhik m n p d el m n drhi・︺k e ghl n O ajl m O p ab C a C
25 87.1±1.9(18)
∩一U 4 山 ⁝
2 2 T T
72.0±1.7(18)
73.6±1.9(18)
71.0±2.0(18)
71.3烹5.5(6)
71.5:ヒ1.9(18)
68.5±2.1(16)
58.1±2.6(18)
98.0±0.9(18)
79.8±2.3(18)
90.1±1.6(1鋸 95.1±0.9(18)
97.0±0.9(18)
82.3土3.1(18)
97.5=ヒ0.7(18)
96.3±0.7(18)
89346891 5ハひ345
223つU3勺U34 44555︶ \一ノヽ−ノ ︶ 8ヽ1ノ888 19111 ︵︵︵︵︵ 85569 02110
±十十±十92815 61105 96999
︶︶\−ノ ヽノ︶ ヽ.ノ︶ヽ一ノ ヽ−ノ00800008 0088 8
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ︵︵︵ ︵︵ ′し︵′▲l\ ′−\
69.2±2.4 53.2士2−9 60.8:ヒ1,7
\ノ︶ヽ−ノ︶ヽ暮ノ︶
888228 1 1一l l l l
︵︵︵︵︵︵
709281⊥O12qU31
±十∵︹一±±±
﹁⊥1 712 32 223 十∵γ00 十エ土 日Ul n∂26 5757血536259
76050
99887
135678 だU666八hU6
91.
75.
96.
\︸ノ︶︶︶ヽlノ︶ ︑ ノ
8780UOO8 8
1 1 1 1 1 1 −−
/し︵︵′−\︵︵ ︵72.8:ヒ1.8 67.7±2.2 69.2±1.6 67.4士2暮1 69.9:ヒ2.2 80.3±1.9 70.6ニヒ2.0 土2.8(18) 67.6±2.5
±1.0(18)
801578 78888︵=XU
92.8±1,3(18)
94.9±0.8(18)
97.4±0.7(18)
89.8±2.2(18)
74.0±2.6(18)
96.8±0.8(18) 50.0土3.0(18)
94.1±1.0(18) 54.6士2.3(18)
93.7±1.3(18)
73.1士2.6(18) 61.4±2.3(18)
93.1士1.6(18) 62.9±1.9(18)
90 99 101 102 1O11 105
78.7士2.9(6)
69.2±5.4(5)
63.2±2.1(18)
68.1士2.0(18)
6?.3士2.2(18)
106 94.5:と1.2(18)
107 80.6±3.4(16)
108 63.2±4.1(16) 56.1=ヒ2.2(18)
109 89.4±2.7(18) 65.5=ヒ2.6(18)
111 84−9ニヒ3.2(18) 61.5±2.8(18)
T5仙6
T6…7 Averag、e BoIIUS
89,3士1,5 62▲2士1.2
70.6=ヒ0.694.6=ヒ1,2(18)
Valuesaremeanpercentages±sもandarderrors,andthenumbersofspikesexamined areinparentheses.
TS$:Translocatま011homozyg・OteS.
$ア】:′rranslocationheterozygotesderivedfromtheFlhybridsbetween Bonus and
TS$1ines.
$FIC:Translocation heterozygoもes derived from theF−hybrids between fChikurin−
ibaralくiNo.1 andTS$1ines.
・R8gisもmtionletぬ、intheWorldCollecもio㌦orbarleytranslocations・
‥ Lirlenumberu$edir‡thissもudy.
16
1(atsuyukiI(AKEl〕AandShin−ichiroMIY^HAR^Table6.Po11enFertilities(?6)ofTranslocationHomo−andHeterozygotes a、TS.TF.aIldTF.BLines
Translocation 呈言ア でS TFl
でylB
81.0±1.6(2)
80.9±0.2(2)
82.7土1.5(2)
78.4土2.8(2)
84.2±1.9(2)
84.1±1.6(き)
a1 98.2士0.4(2)
29 98.7士0.1(3)
26 98.8±0.1(3)
36 98.2±0.1(8)
24 98.0±0.4(3)
60 97.1±1.0(3)
28 99.2±0,8〈3)
34 96.7土0.2(3)
52 96.6±1.9(3)
25 98.4±0.6(3)
96.0土0.3
で1−4
Tl_6
T2− l
T2_5 T2_7 T3_4 T3.6 T4−6
で5_6
T5_7 Average
81.1土1.8(8) 86,6±1.0(2)
82.3±0.3(2)
80.4±2.0(2)
82.8±1.1(3)
82.8±1.3(3)
76.6±0.8(3)
77.7土2.1(3)
81.0±0.9
90.0=ヒ0.8(2)
86.8±0,5(3)
85.2土1.8(2〉
84.7±1.2(3)
84,7±1.1
Chikuri11.ibarakiNo.1 9乱2土0.3(釘
b.TS$,$F.and$F.CLines
でranslocation Reg・
でS$ $yl $FIC5 98.5±1.0(3)
81.1±2.2(3) 83.0士1.6(3)
12 99.4±0.2(3) 87.3±1.0(2) 91.4±1.6(3)
17 99.0±0.2(2)
87.5±0.5(3) 椚.6±1.8(3)
28 98.3±0.8(3)
8臥0±1.1(3) 87.7±0.8(3)
33 99.1±0.3(3)
那.6±1.1(3)
36 98.7±0.2(幻
84.3士2.1(3) 87.2±0.8(3)
rl−4
b l n e h k l m
で2.4
69.0士6.9(3)
77.7土2.3(3)
85.1±1.4(3)
84.1±1.4(3)
80.2±1.5(3)
82.2±0.3(3)
85.7士2.7(3)
53 99.0±0.6(3) 87.5±0.1(3)
54 97,7±0.6(8) 絡.8±0,7(幻
′r3−4
d
61 99,0士0.3(3) 86.1±3.0(3)
i 66 96.6±0.3(2) 83.9±0.7(3)
】 67 97.0士0,7(2) 蛮.6土1.9(3)
e 78 98.8±0.3(3) 86.3±1.2(3)
j 99 98.2±0.6(3) 73.2±1.6(3)
a lO9 99.1±0.2(3) 89.5±1.6(3)
で4−5
T4_6 T4−7 T6.7 AveragQ Bonus
98.5±0.2 85.5±1.1 83.4±1.7 99.0±0.1(3)
Valuesarerneanpercentages±standarderror,andnumbersoffloretsexaminedar・ein parentheses.
ExplanationsontranslocationlinesaregiveninthenotesofTable5.
CytogeneticalAnalysesofReciprocalTranslocationsinBarley 17 Table7.CorrelationCoefficientsBetweenEachT\\・00rExpectedFertility,SeedFertility
andPollenFertilityinTranslocationHeteroz〉,gOteS
a.TFlandTF.Blines b.$F】and SF,Clines
Expccted Seed P011en rert. rel・l. Fel・t.
Seed Pollen rerも. Fe王tt.
Expectedfertility − O1510. O1131 Expectedfertilitl・ − 0・ 190● 0・353
Seedfertiliもy O.353 Seedferもility O.246
●SigniricantatLhe5961evel.
●Significantatthe5%1evel.
sig・nirieanもけd汀ferent rrom邑aCh other(by the method of paired eomparisons;も=0.522,d.ど・=17,
0.5<P<0.8for・\・aluesofTF】andTF,Blines,andt=0.203,d.f.=25.0.8<Pforthoseof$F沌nd SF.C lines).Fromtheseresultsobtained,itcanbesaidthattheexpectedfertilityoftransloctionheterozygote isconsistentwithitsseedfertility.Itcouldbeconsidered thatexpected fertilities reflect,mainly,the frequenciesofalternateorientationsincerrequenciesorcellswithsevenbi\・alentswereonlyaroundlタ6in
most of thelines examined(Table4).1tis therefore confirmed that frequencies of alternate and
adjacent orientations are the main factor determining the partialseed sterilityin transloeation
heterozygotes.Incontrastwiththis,nOSignificantcol・relation\\,aSfoundbetween po11en fertilit)・and expectedfertilityandbetlVeenPO11enfertilit)randseed rertility(Table7).Possiblecauses ofthis arediscussedin thenext section.
Makino(1987,1988)4・S)observedinも柑nSloeation heterozygotes produced from cros$eS b離Ween TSlinesand Chikurin−ibarakiNo.1■(correspondingtoTF11inesinthisstudy)thattheobseI・、・edpollen rertilitieswerehigherthantheexpectedfertilities(ealculated\ViththemethodsimilartothaLusedinthis study)inmanyofthelinesexamined,andconsidered the possibilit)・that thisincrement、、,Ould result
fromthatgametescarryingsegmentalduplicationsanddericieneiesdednotabort・Then,a11thelines
WereClassifiedintotwogroupsbasedonthevaluessubtr8.Ctingvaluesofexpectedfertilityfromthoseof
Observedpollenfertility,andit\\▼aSfoundthatthemajority oftranslocationsinvol、・ingchromosome4 wasinvolvedintbegroupwithhまgh饉Subtracもionvalues(higherethanthevalueoflO).Makino(1987,1988)=)suggestedfromthisresultthatchromosome4had mol・eCOmpenSatOr)T funetion follSegmental
duplicationsanddeficienciesthantheotherchromosomes.
でhesameanalysisasmentionedabovewasmadeusingTFlandTFIBlinesalong・With$yland$ylC lineswherealltransloeaもionsinvolv8Cbromosome4.Fig.8showsdistributionofthevaluessubtracもhg
valuesofexpectedfertilityfromthoseofpollenfertility.Po11enfertilitieswerehigherthantheexpected
onesina11thelinesand the subtraction values were dish・ibuted from5to30.Two distinetgroups asclassiriedbyMakino(1987,1988)右朗w8renOtdis血guishedinthehistogramsandnoparもieulartendmcy wasfoundforthedistributionoftranslocationsinvoIYingchromosome l.This\VaSalsoconfirmed by
analyzingthedistributionorthesubtractionvaluescalculatedusingYaluesofexpectedfertilityandseed
r紆もiliもy,althoughinthiscaseminu5Valueswereobservedinsomeofthelines(Fig.9).Compens色もory functionforsegmentalduplicationsanddeficienciescouldbeinvoIvedint・hecousesoftheobservedpollenfertilities much higher than the expected ones,but such function may not be different among
KatsuyukiKAKEDA8ndShin−ichiroMIYAHÅRÅ
18
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 5 10 1S 20 25 30 35
ob$erV雨脚11孤独tま1ity一極Ct感fertil拇㈲ Ob$QⅣdpllenfertil班y一極Ct威fertiユ噂(瑚
yig.8 Di汀erenc¢beもWeenもhe obs¢rVed poll¢n fer蝕もy andもbe expecもed rertilityintranslocationh如erozygoもe乱(a)TFland TF−Blines.T‡1e blaek partin the hisもOgramindica紬Sdistributionofthelin¢S Carrylngもransloeationsinvolving
chromosome4.(b)SF:and$FIClines.Allthelines earry translocations involvi帽Cbromosome4.Daterrom$F1109and$FIClO9arenotineludedin払e
histogram.
b 9 8 丁 6 5 ▲q 3 2
幻W眉−琶:蚕登貞
a 董R¶一巻名栗
−15 −10 −5 0 5 10 15 20 25  ̄ −15 −10 −5 0 5 1015 20 25
Observedseed fertllity−ExpKtedfertllity(3;) Observed sed fertility ̄E準Ctedfertill亡y(%)
Fig.9 Diぎfer紺C¢もetween汰e observes s¢ed rertility and tbe expecもed fer此tyin trallSldcationheterozygot¢S.(a)TFlandT万一lBlines,(b)$Fland$机Clines・
Forexplanations,S8enOteSOfFig.8・