平面ひずみ押出し加工実験によるAlおよびAl-Mg合
金に対するパーム油の潤滑評価
著者
シャルライル サミオン, 上谷 俊平, 中西 賢二
雑誌名
鹿児島大学工学部研究報告
巻
48
ページ
9-16
別言語のタイトル
Evaluation of RBD Palm Olein as Lubricant on
Al and Al-Mg Alloys by Plane Strain Extrusion
Test
平面ひずみ押出し加工実験によるAlおよびAl-Mg合
金に対するパーム油の潤滑評価
著者
シャルライル サミオン, 上谷 俊平, 中西 賢二
雑誌名
鹿児島大学工学部研究報告
巻
48
ページ
9-16
別言語のタイトル
Evaluation of RBD Palm Olein as Lubricant on
Al and Al-Mg Alloys by Plane Strain Extrusion
Test
㣮ఽፉᄢቇᎿቇㇱ⎇ⓥႎ๔ ╙ 48 ภ㧔2006㧕
ᐔ㕙߭ߕߺߒടᎿታ㛎ߦࠃࠆ #N ߅ࠃ߮
#N/I ว㊄ߦኻߔࠆࡄࡓᴤߩẢṖ⹏ଔ
ࠪࡖ࡞ࠗ࡞ ࠨࡒࠝࡦ*
⼱ ବᐔ**
ਛ ⾫ੑ**
Evaluation of RBD Palm Olein as Lubricant on Al and Al-Mg Alloys
by Plane Strain Extrusion Test
Samion SYAHRULLAIL*, Shunpei KAMITANI ** and Kenji NAKANISHI**
RBD palm olein was tested as a lubricant for cold metal forming of Al and Al-Mg Alloys by using the plane strain extrusion experimental apparatus. Pure aluminum A1050, Al-Mg alloys A5052 and A5083 were used as workpieces. The experiments were carried out at room temperature 30°C. Paraffinic mineral oil was tested as a comparison of tribological performance of RBD palm olein. Visioplasticity method was used to analyze metal flow characteristic, velocity and effective strain in the deformation zone. The results show that RBD palm olein is capable to be used as lubricant with lower extrusion load and increment in relative velocity and effective strain as a merit, compare to paraffinic mineral oil.
Keywords : RBD palm olein, paraffinic mineral oil, extrusion, relative velocity, effective strain
㧚✜⸒ ㄭᐕޔⅣႺߦఝߒẢṖ߳ߩⷐ᳞߆ࠄޔᬀ ‛ᴤ߇ᵈ⋡ߐࠇߡࠆޕᬀ‛ᴤߪήᲥߢޔᎿᬺ ↪ẢṖᴤߣߒߡ↪ߔࠆ႐วޔ↢ಽ⸃ᕈ߇ఝࠇ ߡࠆߩߢ1)ޔ↪ᓟ߽ ⅣႺ㗴߳ ߩ⽶⩄ߪዊ ߐޕࡄࡓᴤߪޔᬀ‛ᴤ⢽ߩਛߢߪޔᩱၭ㕙 Ⓧ ᒰ ࠅ ߩ ↢ ↥ ㊂ ߇ ᦨ ߽ ᄙ ߊ ޔ 1 ᐕ 㑆 ᐔ ဋ 3.66 ton/haߢ ࠅ ޔ ᄢ ⼺ ᴤ ߿ ߥ ߚ ߨ ᴤ ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ 7 ߹ߚߪ 2.5 ᄙߩߢޔᎿᬺ↪ẢṖᴤߣ ߒߡචಽଏ⛎ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ 2)ޕ ⪺⠪ࠄߪޔ⚐ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠾࠙ࡓ A1050㧔JIS㧕ࠍⵍ ടᎿ᧚ߣߒߡ಄㑆ᐔ㕙߭ߕߺߒടᎿታ㛎ࠍ ⴕޔࡄࡓᴤߩ႟ᕈടᎿ↪ẢṖߣߒߡߩ․ ᕈࠍ⺞ߴޔࡄࡓᴤ߇ࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤࠃࠅૐ 2006 ᐕ 8 31 ᣣฃℂ * ඳ჻ᓟᦼ⺖⒟‛⾰↢↥Ꮏቇኾ ** ᯏ᪾Ꮏቇ⑼ ߒ⩄㊀ࠍ␜ߒޔᡂ᜔᧤ࠍૐᷫߔࠆะ ߇ࠆߎߣ 3)ޔૐ᷷ᐲߢޔ‛ℂ⁁ᘒ߇ᶧ⁁ᘒ ߆ࠄ࿕⁁ᘒߦᄌࠊߞߡ߽ޔẢṖߩᕈ⢻ߦߪᄢ ߈ߥᓇ㗀߇ࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚߎߣࠍႎ๔ߒߚ 4)ޕ ᧄႎߢߪޔᐔ㕙߭ߕߺߒടᎿታ㛎ⵝ⟎ 5) ࠍ↪ߡޔ3 ⒳㘃ߩ⎬ߐ߇⇣ߥࠆⵍടᎿ᧚ޔ⚐ ࠕ ࡞ ࡒ ࠾ ࠙ ࡓ A1050㧔 JIS㧕 ޔ Al-Mgว ㊄ A5052 㧔JIS㧕߮A5083㧔JIS㧕ࠍ↪ߒߡޔࡄࡓᴤ 㧔RBD palm olein㧕ߩẢṖ⹏ଔࠍⴕߞߚޕ⹏ଔ ߩߚߦޔቯᏱߒടᎿ⁁ᘒߦ߅ߌࠆⵍടᎿ ᧚㧔ࡆ࠶࠻㧕ߩ⹜㛎㕙ߩ⋧ኻߔߴࠅㅦᐲߣ ⋧ᒰ߭ߕߺࠍᩰሶ✢⸃ᨆᴺ 6)ࠍ↪ߡ▚ߔࠆ ߣߣ߽ߦޔⵍടᎿ᧚⹜㛎㕙ߩ㕙☻ߐ⸃ᨆࠍⴕ ߞߚޕࡄࡓᴤߦࠃࠆ⚿ᨐࠍᲧセᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ ߦ ޔ ห ☼ ᐲ ߩ ࡄ ࡈ ࠖ ࡦ ♽ ㋶ ᴤ ߢ ߽ ห ᭽ ߥ ታ 㛎⸃ᨆࠍⴕߞߚޕ⸥ߩታ㛎⸃ᨆߦࠃࠅޔࡄ ࡓᴤߪࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤࠃࠅ߽ޔቯᏱ⁁ᘒߢ ߩߒ⩄㊀߇ૐߊޔⵍടᎿ᧚ߩ⹜㛎㕙ߩ⋧ ኻߔߴࠅㅦᐲߣⵍടᎿ᧚⹜㛎㕙ߩ⋧ᒰ߭ߕߺ߇ ― 9 ―
End plate Taper die and container Inner cover Punch Dummy block
Plane plate tool Billet Taper die ࿑㧙㧝 ᐔ㕙߭ߕߺߒടᎿታ㛎ⵝ⟎ ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆߎߣࠍࠄ߆ߦߒߚߩߢႎ๔ߔࠆޕ 㧚ታ㛎᧦ઙ ታ㛎ⵝ⟎ ࿑㧙㧝ߦᧄታ㛎ߢ↪ߒߚᐔ㕙߭ߕߺߒ ടᎿታ㛎ⵝ⟎ࠍ␜ߔޕⵝ⟎ߩਥߥ᭴ᚑߪ࠹ࡄ ࠳ࠗ㧔Taper die㧕ޔᐔ㕙Ꮏౕ㧔Plane plate tool㧕 ߣⵍടᎿ᧚㧔ࡆ࠶࠻㧕߆ࠄߥࠆޕ࠹ࡄ࠳ ࠗ ߪ ࠦ ࡦ ࠹ ࠽ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ࠳ ࠗ ࠬ ඨ ⷺ 45qߩ ㊄ ဳ ߇ ৻᭴ㅧߩᎿౕߦߥߞߡࠆޕᧄⵝ⟎ߪޔ ߒടᎿㆊ⒟ߦ߅ߡޔࡆ࠶࠻߇࠹ࡄ࠳ࠗ ߢߪᒝ⊛ߦ႟ᕈᵹࠇߩᣇะࠍᄌ߃ߡߖࠎᢿ ᄌᒻߣᡂ᜔᧤ࠍฃߌࠆߩߦኻߒߡޔᐔ㕙Ꮏౕ ߢߪޔ⌀⋥ߋߥᎿౕ㕙ࠍᜬߜޔᎿౕ㕙ߩᡂ ᜔᧤ߛߌࠍฃߌࠆߣ߁․ᓽࠍᜬߟޕ ẢṖᴤ ᧄታ㛎ߢߪޔ⹜㛎↪ẢṖᴤߣߒߡ⣕㉄⣕⦡ ⣕⥇ߩ♖ㆊ⒟ࠍ⚻ߞߚࡄࡓࠝࠗࡦ㧔RBD palm olein㧦એਅޔࡄࡓᴤ PO ߣ⸥㧕ࠍ↪ ߒߚޕ߹ߚޔࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽ήᷝടၮᴤ VG32㧔એ ਅޔࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߣ⸥㧕ࠍ↪ߒߡ ࡄࡓᴤ PO ߣห᭽ߩታ㛎⸃ᨆࠍⴕޔᲧセ ᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚޕࡄࡓᴤ PO ߣࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ ᴤ P2 ߩẢṖᴤ․ᕈࠍ㧙㧝ߦ␜ߔޕ ታ㛎᧦ઙ ᐔ㕙Ꮏౕߣ࠹ࡄ࠳ࠗߩ᧚⾰ߪ಄㑆㊄ဳ↪ ว㊄Ꮏౕ㍑ SKD11 ߢࠇޔᚯߒࠍᣉߒߚޕ ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ ߩ ታ 㛎 ೨ ߩ ࡆ ࠶ ࠞ ࠬ ⎬ ߐ ߪ 680HV ߢࠆޕࡆ࠶࠻ߣᐔ㕙Ꮏౕߩធ⸅ߔࠆ㕙ࠍ⹜ 㧙㧝 ࡄࡓࠝࠗࡦ 21 ߣࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ 2 ߩẢṖᴤ․ᕈ P2 PO FFA (m.w.256, Palmitic) – Max 0.1%
IV – Min 56
Viscosity grade VG32 – Melting point (͠) -12.5͠ Max 24͠ Flash point (͠) 220͠ –
40͠ 31 34 Kinematic
viscosity (mm2/s) 30͠ 41 46 㧙㧞 ታ㛎᧦ઙ
Material of taper die
and plane plate tool SKD11
JIS-A1050 (21HV) JIS-A5052 (54HV) Material of billet JIS-A5083 (76HV) Ra of experimental surface of billet 0.3 μm
Paraffinic mineral oil (P2) Lubricants
RBD palm olein (PO) Applied quantity 5 mg (0.48 mg/cm2) Extrusion ratio 2
Piston stroke 30 mm
Paraffinic mineral oil VG460 was applied on the container wall
㛎㕙ߣߒޔ⠴᳓⎇⏴⚕ࠍ↪ߡޔᐔ㕙Ꮏౕ⹜㛎 㕙ࠍ▚ⴚᐔဋ☻ߐ Ra ߢ 0.05μm ߦߍߚޕ㊄ ဳ㐿ญㇱߪߒᲧ 2 ߦ⸳ቯߒߚޕ
ࡆ ࠶ ࠻ ߩ ᧚ ⾰ ߪ Ꮏ ᬺ ↪ ⚐ ࠕ ࡞ ࡒ ࠾ ࠙ ࡓ A1050 ߣᎿᬺ↪ Al-Mg ว㊄ A5052 ߮ A5083 ߢޔ㊰ࠍⴕޔߘࠇߙࠇߩࡆ࠶ࠞࠬ⎬ߐߪ 21HVޔ54HV ߣ 76HV ߢࠆޕᐔ㕙Ꮏౕ⹜㛎㕙 ߦធ⸅ߔࠆࡆ࠶࠻㕙㧔ࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙㧕ߪ⠴ ᳓⎇⏴⚕ߢ▚ⴚᐔဋ☻ߐ Ra ߢ⚂ 0.3μm ߦ ߍߚޕࡆ࠶࠻ߪ 2 ᨎวࠊߖߡ↪ߒߚޕ㊄ဳ ౝㇱߩࡆ࠶࠻႟ᕈᄌᒻᯏ᭴ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚޔ ࡆ ࠶ ࠻ ߩ ว ࠊ ߖ 㕙 㧔 ಽ ഀ 㕙 㧕 ߩ ৻ ᣇ ߦ 1mm 㑆㓒ߢ 0.1mmޔᷓߐ 0.05mm ߩ V ሼḴߦࠃࠆ ᱜᣇᩰሶᮨ᭽ࠍߌ߇߈ടᎿߒߚޕ⹜㛎↪ẢṖᴤ ߪ Ꮏ ౕ ⹜ 㛎 㕙 ߦ ಽ ᨆ ↪ 㔚 ሶ ᄤ ߮ ࠎ ࠍ ↪ ߡ ޔ 5mg㧔0.48mg/cm2㧕ࠍႣᏓߒߚޕࡆ࠶࠻ߦធ ⸅ߔࠆ⹜㛎㕙એᄖߩ㊄ဳ㕙ߦߪࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽ή
³
w w w w w w w w w w w w dt x v y u y v x u x v y u v u v v x xy x xy y x xy y x o o i i 4 3 3 3 2 rate, strain Effective , , ) , , ( , components rate Strain , ) , ( component, Velocity speed Ram : function, Flow 2 2ψ
ε γψ
ψ
ε γ γ ε ε ε ε ε ε Effective strain, ࿑㧙㧞 ᩰሶ✢⸃ᨆߢ↪ߒߚᐳᮡ♽ߣၮ␆ᑼ ᷝടၮᴤ VG460 ࠍᲤ࿁ߩታ㛎ߢ߶߷หߓႣᏓ ㊂ߦߥࠆࠃ߁ߦႣᏓߒߡታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚޕߘࠇߙ ࠇߩታ㛎᧦ઙߪ㧙㧞ߦ␜ߔޕ ታ㛎ᣇᴺߣ⸃ᨆᚻ㗅 ᐔ㕙߭ߕߺߒടᎿታ㛎ⵝ⟎ࠍ↪ߡޔ30 ࠻ࡦⶄേᴤࡊࠬߦࠃࠆ಄㑆ᐔ㕙߭ߕߺ ߒടᎿታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚޕߒㅦᐲ߇৻ቯߦߥࠅޔ ᧚ᢱߩᄌᒻ߇ቯᏱ⁁ᘒߦߥߞߚᓟ㧔ᧄታ㛎ߩ႐ วߪߒᄌ 30mm㧕ޔታ㛎ࠍᱛߒޔታ㛎 ⵝ⟎ࠍಽ⸃ߒߡࡆ࠶࠻ࠍขࠅߒߚޕ ߒታ㛎ਛߩߒ⩄㊀ߣߒᄌߪ⩄ ㊀ᄌ឵ེߣᄌࡦࠨߦߡ᷹ቯߒޔേ߭ߕߺ ჇེߢჇߒߚᓟޔࠕ࠽ࠗࠫࡦࠣࠦ࠳ ߢ⸥㍳ߒߚޕታ㛎ⵝ⟎߆ࠄขߒߚࡆ࠶࠻ ߩಽഀ㕙ߦടᎿߒߚᩰሶ✢ߩࠁ߇ߺࠍ౮⌀ߦ ࠅ 10 ߦᄢߒߡޔߘߩᵹࠇ✢ࠍ࠺ࠫ࠲ࠗ࠭ߒ ߡࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠲ߦขㄟߺޔᩰሶ✢⸃ᨆᴺ 6)ߦࠃ ߞߡ႟ᕈᄌᒻᯏ᭴⸃ᨆࠍⴕߞߚޕ߹ߚޔታ㛎ᓟ ߩ ࡆ ࠶ ࠻ ⹜ 㛎 㕙 ߩ 㕙 ☻ ߐ 㧔 ▚ ⴚ ᐔ ဋ ☻ ߐ Ra㧕ߩ᷹ቯ߽ⴕߞߚޕᩰሶ✢⸃ᨆߢ↪ߒߚᐳ 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Piston stroke, mm Extrusion load, kN 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 A5083-P2 A5083-PO A5052-P2 A5052-PO A1050-P2 A1050-PO ࿑㧙㧟 ߒ⩄㊀㧙ᄌᦛ✢ 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 A 1 0 5 0-PO A 5 0 5 2-PO A 5 0 8 3-PO Experiment R e d uct io n p e rcent a g e o f extrusion load, % 3.8% 0.41% 0.57%Steady state extrusion load of Paraffinic mineral oil
A A' ࿑㧙㧠 ࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ 2 ߦኻߔࠆࡄࡓᴤ 21 ߩߒ⩄㊀Ⴧᷫ₸ ᮡ♽ߣၮ␆ᑼߪ࿑㧙㧞ߦ␜ߔޕ 㧚ታ㛎⚿ᨐ߅ࠃ߮⠨ኤ ߒ⩄㊀ ฦታ㛎᧦ઙߩߒ⩄㊀㧙ߒᄌᦛ✢ࠍ ࿑㧙㧟ߦ␜ߔޕߒ⩄㊀ߪ A5083㧪A5052㧪 A1050 ߩ㗅⇟ߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅޔࡆ࠶࠻ߩ⎬ߐ߇ 㜞߶ߤޔߒ⩄㊀߇㜞ߊߥߞߡࠆޕࡄ ࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߣᲧセߔࠆߣޔࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩ ߒ⩄㊀߇ૐߩ߇ࠊ߆ࠆޕቯᏱߒ⁁ᘒ 㧔ߒᄌ 30mm㧕ߩࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߩ ߒ⩄㊀ࠍ 100㧑ߣߒߡ㧔⎕✢ A-A’㧕ޔࡄ ࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߣࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩߒ⩄㊀ߩ ― 11 ―
100 101 102 103 104 0 200 400 600 800 Extrusion pressure, MPa
PO P2 A1050 A5052 A5083 Viscosity ratio, η/η ο ࿑㧙㧡 ࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ 2 ߣࡄࡓᴤ 21 ߩ ടᎿജ㧙☼ᐲ㑐ଥ PO olein palm RBD of load Extrusion P2 oil mineral Paraffinic of load Extrusion different load Extrusion (1) % 100 2 2 2 ' u ' PO P P PO P L L L L L L L Ꮕࠍ⊖ಽ₸㧔ᑼ㧔㧝㧕㧕ߢ␜ߒߚ߽ߩࠍ࿑㧙㧠 ߦ␜ߔޕࡆ࠶࠻ߩ⎬ߐ߇ૐ A1050 ߩ႐วޔ ࡄࡓᴤ PO ߪࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߦᲧߴߡቯ Ᏹ ⁁ ᘒ ߒ ⩄ ㊀ ߇ ⚂ 3.8㧑 ૐ ߊ ߥ ࠆ ޕ A5052 ߣ A5083 ߩ႐วߪޔࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩቯᏱ⁁ᘒ ߒ⩄㊀߇ߘࠇߙࠇޔ⚂ 0.57㧑ߣ 0.41㧑ࡄࡈ ࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ࠃࠅ߽ૐਅߒߚޕ ⵍടᎿ᧚A1050 ߩ႐วޔࡄࡓᴤPOߩᣇ߇ࡄ ࡈ ࠖ ࡦ ♽ ㋶ ᴤ P2 ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ߒ ⩄ ㊀ ߇ ૐ ߊ ߥ ߞߚߩߪޔࡄࡓᴤPOߦ߹ࠇࠆ⢽⢌㉄߇ᡂ ᜔᧤ૐᷫߦലߦ↪ߒߚߎߣߦࠃࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄ ࠇࠆޕߔߥࠊߜޔታ㛎ᓟߩࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙ญ ઃㄭߩ▚ⴚᐔဋ☻ߐRaߪ⚂ 0.05μmߢޔᐔ㕙Ꮏౕ 㕙ߣ߶߷หߓ୯ߢࠆߩߢޔ⚛᧚ߣᐔ㕙Ꮏౕ㕙 ߩẢṖ⁁ᘒߪႺ⇇ẢṖ⁁ᘒߩභࠆഀว߇ᄢ߈ ߥᷙวẢṖ⁁ᘒߢࠅޔࡄࡓᴤPOߦ߹ࠇߚ ⢽⢌㉄ߩๆ⌕ജ߇⭯ᴤ⤑ࠍᜬߔࠆᓎഀࠍᨐ ߚߒߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ 7)㧘 8)ޕ ⵍ ട Ꮏ ᧚ A5052 ߮ A5083 ߩ ႐ ว ޔ K.Takatsukaࠄ 9)߇⚫ߒߚജ㧙☼ᐲᑼ߆ࠄ▚ ߒߚ࿑㧙㧡ߩടᎿജߣ☼ᐲߩ㑐ଥ߆ࠄࠊ߆ ࠆࠃ߁ߦޔടᎿജ߇ૐ႐วޔࡄࡓᴤPOߣ ࡄ ࡈ ࠖ ࡦ ♽ ㋶ ᴤ P2 ߩ ☼ ᐲ ߦ ߪ ᄢ ߈ ߥ Ꮕ ߇ ߥ ߇ ޔ ട Ꮏ ജ ߇ 㜞 ߊ ߥ ࠆ ߣ ޔ ࡄ ࡓ ᴤ PO ࠃࠅ߽ࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߩ☼ᐲ߇㜞ߊߥࠆ 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Y, mm A1050-P2 A1050-PO A5052-P2 A5052-PO A5083-P2 A5083-PO ࿑㧙㧢 ฦ ታ 㛎 ᧦ ઙ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ࡆ ࠶ ࠻ ⹜ 㛎 㕙 ߩ ▚ⴚᐔဋ☻ߐ 4C ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆޕ ߎߩߎߣ߆ࠄޔA5052 ߣ A5083 ߢࡄࡓᴤ PO ࠃࠅࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߩ⩄㊀߇㜞ߊߥߞߚ ߩߪޔടᎿਛߩẢṖᴤ☼ᐲჇᄢߦࠃࠆᴤ⤑ߩߖ ࠎᢿᛶ᛫ߩჇടߦࠃࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕߚߛߒޔ A5052 ߣ A5083 ߢᄢ߈ߥᏅ߇↢ߓߥ߆ߞߚߩߪޔ ☼ᐲߩᓇ㗀ߩᄢ߈ߥ A5083 ߢߪޔ࿑㧙㧢ߦ␜ߔ ࠃ߁ߦࡄࡓᴤ PO ࠃࠅࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߩ 㕙☻ߐ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥߞߡ߅ࠅޔߎࠇߦࠃࠅᴤ⤑ ߩߖࠎᢿᛶ᛫߳ߩ☼ᐲჇᄢߩലᨐ߇ᛂߜᶖߐࠇ ߚߚߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ ࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙▚ⴚᐔဋ☻ߐ 4C ฦ ታ 㛎 ᧦ ઙ ߩ ࡆ ࠶ ࠻ ⹜ 㛎 㕙 ▚ ⴚ ᐔ ဋ ☻ ߐ Ra ಽᏓࠍ࿑㧙㧢ߦ␜ߔޕฦታ㛎᧦ઙߩࡆ࠶࠻ ⹜㛎㕙ຠ㧔y = 4mm ~ y = -2mm㧕ߩ㕙☻ ߐ Ra ߪޔⵍടᎿ᧚ A1050 ߢ⚂ 0.08μm ߢࠆޕ ⵍടᎿ᧚ A5052 ߣ A5083 ߩ႐วߪޔߘࠇߙࠇ⚂ 0.1μm ߣ 0.15μm ߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅޔࡆ࠶࠻ߩ⎬ߐ ߇ᄢ߈߶ߤ⹜㛎㕙㕙☻ߐ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆะ ࠍ␜ߒߡࠆޕߎࠇߪޔߒടᎿೋᦼߦ߅ ߡ㊄ဳౝߢࠬࠢࠗ࠭⤑߇ᒻᚑߐࠇޔ☼ᐲ߇㜞 ߶ߤẢṖᴤ߇ធ⸅㕙߆ࠄᵹߒߦߊ⁁ᘒߦߥ ࠆߚޔ࿑㧙㧡߆ࠄಽ߆ࠆࠃ߁ߦࡆ࠶࠻⎬ߐ ߩᄢ߈ⵍടᎿ᧚߶ߤᴤ⤑☼ᐲ߇㜞ߊߥࠅޔෘ ᴤ⤑߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߡ㕙☻ߐ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥߞߚߣ ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕA5083 ߦ߅ߡ㧘․ߦẢṖᴤߦࠃ ࠅ㕙☻ߐߦ㆑߇↢ߓߡࠆ߇㧘㜞ߦ߅ߌ ࠆ☼ᐲߩ㆑ߦ࿃ߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆ㧚 ࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙㕙౮⌀ߩⷰኤ ࿑㧙㧣ߩ౮⌀ߪޔy=0mmޔy=6mm ߣ y=10mm
5 10 15 0 5 10 15 X (mm) Y (mm)
Plane plate tool
Taper die Container y=6mm y=10mm Extrusion direction y=0mm Deformation area 㧔C㧕ࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙ઃㄭߩᓇ⟎ 㧔D㧕ฦ⟎ߩࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙 %%& ౮⌀㧔 ₸㧕 ࿑㧙㧣 ࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙 %%& ౮⌀ ― 13 ―
0 5 10 15 5 10 15 Taper die Container
Plane plate tool
Y (mm) X (mm) Grid slope angle Extrusion direction ࿑㧙㧤 ࡆ ࠶ ࠻ ⹜ 㛎 㕙 ㄭ ற ߩ ᩰ ሶ ❑ ✢ ߩ ߈ ⷺᐲߩ᷹ቯᣇᴺ 40o 50o 60o 70o 80o 90o 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Y, mm G rid s lope 14 A1050-P2 A1050-PO A5052-P2 A5052-PO A5083-P2 A5083-PO ࿑㧙㧥 ࡆ ࠶ ࠻ ⹜ 㛎 㕙 ㄭ ற ߩ ᩰ ሶ ❑ ✢ ߩ ߈ ⷺᐲಽᏓ ߩࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙ࠍ CCD ࠞࡔߢᓇߒߚ߽ ߩߢࠆޕy = 0mm ߪࡆ࠶࠻ຠ㕙ߣߥࠅޔ y = 6mm ߪടᎿᄌᒻ㗔ၞญઃㄭߢޔy = 10 mm ߪടᎿᄌᒻ㗔ၞญᧂᄌᒻ㗔ၞߣߥࠆޕⵍട Ꮏ᧚߇⎬ߊߥࠆ߶ߤޔ⹜㛎㕙㕙⁁ᘒ߇☻ߊߥ ߞߡࠆ᭽ሶ߇ⷰኤߢ߈ࠆޕหߓ᧚ᢱห჻ߢ 㕙⁁ᘒࠍᲧセߔࠆߣޔࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ࠃ ࠅ߽ޔࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩᣇ߇⧯ᐓᐔṖߥ㕙ߦߥ ߞߡࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚޕ ࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙ઃㄭߩᩰሶ✢ⷰኤ ࿑㧙㧤ߩࠃ߁ߦޔฦታ㛎᧦ઙߩࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎 㕙ㄭறߩ❑✢ߩ߈ⷺᐲࠍ᳞ޔ⹜㛎㕙ߩฦ ⟎ߦኻߒߡࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߒߚ߽ߩࠍ࿑㧙㧥ߦ␜ߔޕ ࿑ߦ␜ߔᩰሶ✢ߩ❑✢ߩ⹜㛎㕙ㄭறߩ߈߇ዊ ߐ߶ߤޔ⹜㛎㕙ߦ߅ߡߒᣇะߣㅒᣇะ ߦᡂ᜔᧤ࠍᄢ߈ߊฃߌߡߚߎߣߦߥࠆߩߢޔ ࡆ࠶࠻ߩᩰሶ✢ߩࠁ߇ߺ߆ࠄ⹜㛎㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ ᡂᛶ᛫ߩᓇ㗀ࠍ੍ᗐߢ߈ࠆޕ ẢṖᴤߦ߆߆ࠊࠄߕޔࡆ࠶࠻ߩ⎬ߐ߇ᄢ߈ ߊߥࠆߣޔࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙ㄭறߩ❑✢ߩ߈ⷺ ᐲ ߇ ᄢ ߈ ߊ ߥ ࠆ ޕ ࡆ ࠶ ࠻ ⎬ ߐ ߇ ᦨ ߽ ዊ ߐ Taper die Container
Plane plate tool Y axis X axis 0 Bexit Binlet Undeform area Deformation area Deformed area B : Deformation boundaries Observation area Extrusion direction Vo A1050 A5052 A5083 ࿑㧙㧝㧜 ฦ ታ 㛎 ᧦ ઙ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ⹜ 㛎 㕙 ญ ઃ ㄭ ߩ ᩰሶ❑✢ࠍ㊀ߨߚ౮⌀ A1050 ߩ႐วޔࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߩࡆ࠶ ࠻⹜㛎㕙ㄭறߩ❑✢߈ⷺᐲߪ⚂ 48qޔࡄࡓ ᴤ PO ߇⚂ 63qߣߥࠅޔᄢ߈ߥ㆑ࠍ␜ߔޕࡆ ࠶࠻ A5052 ߣ A5083 ߩ႐วޔ❑✢ߩ߈ⷺᐲ ߪࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ࠃࠅࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩᣇ߇ ࠊߕ߆ߦᄢ߈ߊߥߞߡࠆޕ ฦታ㛎᧦ઙߩࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙ญઃㄭߩᩰሶ ✢ࠍ㊀ߨߚ౮⌀ࠍ࿑㧙㧝㧜ߦ␜ߔޕ࿑ࠃࠅޔࡄ ࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߣࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩ❑✢ߩ߈ ߩ㆑߇ޔ․ߦ A1050 ߩ႐วߦᦨ߽ᄢ߈ߊߥߞ ߡࠆߩ߇ࠊ߆ࠆޕ ࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙⋧ኻߔߴࠅㅦᐲ ฦታ㛎᧦ઙߩᄌᒻ㗔ၞౝߩࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙ߦ ߅ߌࠆ⋧ኻߔߴࠅㅦᐲ㧔V/Vo㧕ಽᏓࠍ࿑㧙㧝㧝 ߦ␜ߔޕߎߎߢ V ߪ y(mm)ߦ߅ߌࠆ႟ᕈᵹࠇㅦ ᐲޔVo ߪቯᏱߒࡊࠬࡓㅦᐲ㧔ߒㅦ ᐲ㧕ࠍᗧߔࠆޕ ࡆ࠶࠻ A1050 ߩ႐วޔࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ࠃࠅࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩᣇ߇ࡆ࠶࠻ᄌᒻ㗔ၞౝ ߩ⹜㛎㕙ઃㄭߩ⋧ኻߔߴࠅㅦᐲ߇ㅦߊߥࠆ߇ޔ ࡆ࠶࠻ A5052 ߣ A5083 ߩ႐วޔᄢ߈ߥᏅ⇣߇ ࠄࠇߥޕ ฦ᧚ᢱߦߟߡޔࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤߩ y=7mm ߩ⋧ኻߔߴࠅㅦᐲߦኻߒߡޔࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩ⋧ ኻߔߴࠅㅦᐲߩჇട₸ࠍ⸘▚ߒߚߣߎࠈޔⵍട
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Y, mm V/Vo A1050-P2 A1050-PO 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Y, mm V/Vo A5052-P2 A5052-PO 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Y, mm V/Vo A5083-P2 A5083-PO
Plane plate tool (Y axis)
Taper die Vo V ࿑㧙㧝㧝 ฦታ㛎᧦ઙߦ߅ߌࠆ⹜㛎㕙ߩ⋧ኻ ߔߴࠅㅦᐲಽᏓ Ꮏ᧚ A1050 ߩ႐วޔ⋧ኻߔߴࠅㅦᐲߪ⚂ 3㧑Ⴧ ടߒߚޕⵍടᎿ᧚ A5052 ߣ A5083 ߩ႐วߦߪޔ ᄢ߈ߥᏅ⇣ߪߺࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚޕ ࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙⋧ᒰ߭ߕߺಽᏓ ฦታ㛎᧦ઙߩࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙ઃㄭߩ⋧ᒰ߭ߕ ߺಽᏓࠍ࿑㧙㧝㧞ߦ␜ߔޕฦታ㛎᧦ઙߦ߅ߡޔ ࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ࠃࠅޔࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩᣇ߇ ࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙ઃㄭߩ⋧ᒰ߭ߕߺ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥߞ ߡࠆޕࡆ࠶࠻ A1050 ߩ႐วޔࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎 㕙ઃㄭߩ⋧ᒰ߭ߕߺߩ㆑߇ߪߞ߈ࠅࠊ߆ࠆ߇ޔ ࡆ࠶࠻ A5052 ߣ A5083 ߩ႐วޔᏅ⇣߇ࠊߕ߆ ߢࠆޕ ฦታ㛎᧦ઙߩࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߦኻߔࠆ ࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩ⹜㛎㕙ߩ⋧ᒰ߭ߕߺߩჇട₸ 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 Y, mm Effective strain 4 A5083-P2 A5083-PO 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 Y, mm Effective strain 4 A5052-P2 A5052-PO 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Y, mm Effective strain A1050-P2 A1050-PO ࿑㧙㧝㧞 ฦታ㛎᧦ઙߦ߅ߌࠆ⹜㛎㕙ߩ⋧ᒰ ߭ߕߺಽᏓ ߪޔ A1050 ߩ႐วߦᦨ߽Ꮕ⇣߇ߺࠄࠇޔ⚂ 3.5% ߩჇടߢߞߚޕ 㧚⚿⺰ ಄㑆ᐔ㕙߭ߕߺߒടᎿታ㛎ⵝ⟎ࠍ↪ޔ ⚐ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠾࠙ࡓ A1050ޔAl-Mg ว㊄ A5052 ߅ࠃ ߮ A5083 ࠍⵍടᎿ᧚ߣߒߡޔࡄࡓᴤߩẢṖ⹏ ଔࠍⴕޔએਅߩ⚿⺰ࠍᓧߚޕ 1. ࡄࡓᴤ㧔RBD palm olein㧕PO ߪޔࡄࡈ ࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߣᲧセߒߡޔߒ⩄㊀߇ૐ ߊߥࠅޔࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙⋧ኻㅦᐲ߇ㅦߊߥ ࠅޔࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙ઃㄭߩ⋧ᒰ߭ߕߺ߇ᄢ ߈ߊߥࠆะࠍ␜ߒߚޕ 2. A1050 ߣ A5052 ߩࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙㕙☻ߐ ― 15 ―
Ra ߪޔࡄࡓᴤ PO ߣࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߢߪᄢ߈ߥ㆑߇ߺࠄࠇߥ߇ޔA5083 ߩ ႐วޔࡄࡓᴤ PO ࠃࠅࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߩ㕙☻ߐ Ra ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥߞߚޕ 3. ࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤ P2 ߣᲧセߒߚࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩߒ⩄㊀ߩᷫዋ₸ޔࡆ࠶࠻⹜㛎㕙 ߩ⋧ኻߔߴࠅㅦᐲ߅ࠃ߮⋧ᒰ߭ߕߺߩჇ ട₸ߪ A1050㧪A5052㧪A5083 ߢߞߚޕ 4. ࡄࡓᴤ PO ߪ಄㑆ߒടᎿ↪ẢṖᴤߣ ߒߡ↪ߢ߈ࠆޕA5052 ߣ A5083 ࠃࠅ߽ A1050 ߦ߅ߡޔࡄࡓᴤ PO ߩᡂૐᷫ ലᨐ߇⏕ߦࠇߚޕ ⻢ㄉ ᧄ⎇ⓥߩㆀⴕߦߚࠅޔᧄቇਛᄩታ㛎Ꮏ႐ߩ ᛛⴚ⡯ຬߩᣇޘߦߪޔ㊄ဳ߅ࠃ߮⹜㛎 ߦ 㑐ߒߡߏදജߚߛ߈߹ߒߚޕෘߊ߅␞↳ߒ ߍ߹ߔޕ ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ 1) ዊች ᐢᔒޔᬀ‛ᴤ⢽♽↢ಽ⸃ᕈࠣࠬ ߩ⁁ߣᛛⴚേะޔೀ࠻ࠗࡏࡠࠫޔ 216(8)ޔpp.28-31 (2005)
2) K.K.Ming and D.Chandramohan, Malaysian Palm Oil Industry at Crossroads and its Future Direction, Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), pp.10-15 (2002) 3) ࠪࡖ࡞ࠗ࡞ ࠨࡒࠝࡦޔਛ ⾫ੑޔ ⼱ ବᐔޔᐔ㕙߭ߕߺߒടᎿߦࠃࠆࡄ ࡓᴤࠆߪࡄࡈࠖࡦ♽㋶ᴤẢṖߩ ᡂ᜔᧤߇႟ᕈᄌᒻߦ߷ߔᓇ㗀ߩ⸃ᨆޔ࠻ ࠗࡏࡠࠫࠬ࠻ޔ50ޔ12ޔpp.55-63 (2005) 4) ࠪࡖ࡞ࠗ࡞ ࠨࡒࠝࡦޔ⼱ ବᐔޔਛ ⾫ੑޔᐔ㕙߭ߕߺߒടᎿታ㛎ߦࠃ ࠆࡄࡓᴤߩẢṖ․ᕈߩᬌ⸛ޔ㣮ఽፉᄢቇ Ꮏቇㇱ⎇ⓥႎ๔ޔ47ޔ pp.7-13 (2005) 5) ⼱ ବᐔޔਛ ⾫ੑޔㇳ ᳗ޔࡃ࡞ ࠢ႟ᕈᄌᒻߣߔߴࠅࠍ߁ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠾࠙ࡓട Ꮏ㕙ㄭறߩ႟ᕈᵹേߣ㕙☻ߐߩᬌ⸛ޔ ࠻ࠗࡏࡠࠫࠬ࠻ޔ47ޔ1ޔpp.52-60 (2002) 6) ਛ ⾫ੑޔጟ ବ৻ޔਛ ᱜਭޔᩰ ሶᴺߣᵹേᔕജផ▚ߩᢙ୯⸘▚ᴺࠍ↪ߚ ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠾࠙ࡓߩゲኻ⒓ᾲ㑆ߒടᎿߩ⸃ ᨆޔ႟ᕈߣടᎿޔ18ޔ203ޔpp.990-998 (1977) 7) F.P.Bowden & D.Tabor 㧔⸶㧦ᦥ↰▸ቬ㧕㧦
࿕ߩᡂߣẢṖޔਣༀޔpp.169 (1994)
8) 㧔␠㧕ᣣᧄ႟ᕈടᎿቇળ✬㧦႟ᕈടᎿߦ߅
ߌࠆ࠻ࠗࡏࡠࠫޔࠦࡠ࠽␠ޔpp.127(1988) 9) K.Takatsuka, S.Matsuo, T.Matsushita and K.Matsui, Viscosity Changes of Rolling Oils Under High Pressure and Their Influence on Lubrication in Rolling, Lubrication in Metalworking, tech. Akademie Esslingen, Germany (1983)
