The 18th Annual Conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, 2004
- 1 -
- -
Constructing Occupation Judgment System based on a Word Association System - Extension of State Sentence Processing Function -
*1 *1 *1 *1
Kawanami Masanori Oe Naoko Watabe Hirokazu Kawaoka Tsukasa
*1
Department of Knowledge Engineering and Computer Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Doshisha University This study aims at realization of an intelligent computer gentle to man. For that purpose, it is necessary to make a smooth conversation and the commonsense and flexible judgment system which understands the intention of man on a computer. The occupation judgment system which returns a suitable occupational description to a user's demand sentence as one model of the judgment mechanism is proposed. In this research, first, the conventional occupation judgment system is explained and the problem is explored. And improvement is added to an occupation judgment system, and some techniques for considering as a more intelligent system are proposed.
1.
!#"#$&%'#()+*-,/./021
3#4 '6587:9;< =>6=#?@+</A8B8C DE</A*6FG H*-<A
0JIKL'-MEN2OPQRS6 T!02!LUVR6WJ XY&XZ\[L
KSNR]:[-*-^_E9a`#!L`#!6bdc!LWeVfJgS0hi/D8[6jEkl
m
NRn#oEpJ9&[Lq 4Rr CD6*-<8A0JKSNR!SUVJWJ0Vs
tu Nn8opN2OPv 4 '#9QRS6 T![#"6=w/xE0
yz 4R3{#| *#@8}B~ DoE8*##)+o6 7:9:v
=-=#+=E/ 4 '#9E=0R 3 uE+ 02
u+8 /6gL#S#l^'M6N
[
+2003]
OT ¡/¢o+"69£¤/= 6gS##[¥/¦0J§ K-9:v6=gS#=
¨+© jEk+0¡/¢«ªLD 4 9a]J7CD6*-gL#- u N¬/=#M r
=#®¯+0J6 u N2O
2.
°±³²³´¶µ\·&¸º¹8 /ESgV#»"696=-+ [¼ 4 '½¾8* 8 0
u SgVLoE SNVOP¿=-SgV#[S)À8ÁEÂ8*-n"6ÃÄ 0Å
7N*6Æ_+xÇ6ÈÉÊM6Ë 3 &EÌ+Í##ÎËL'#M6NRC+/o6 -NLO
£/ËS'E9 -gLo"/®+oEÏÐ 4R3ÑÒ 6g-ÓÊM
[Ô u NRC+ Ò 6g-0VÕM6NEÖd׺ØPÙÚO 4 4 9:sÛ["C+
0 uÜ '#Ý+Þ u NJ¿Q"8ß#à&o6 7á/âEãMOav¿o+9:ä8å
D6*-æ/=Eç02ÝÞ 4 9Pèé Ò g
[
ê+ë2001]
B+-ìRíîgS]J7 ïð 43-ñò SgL#02Õ8M'#9C= ñò 0JM9 88Òg[SÝÞlî^'-M*-M#æ[S¼ 4 'Ló¼6ôopN]Ra[ u N2O
è8é Ò g»"æõÖè8é+Ùöw÷\Öùøú8Ùö=û#üQýÚ0þ
9
ÿ æ4 'M6Næ/Ç
Æ-X2A ïð 43 Õ88WoE -NVO
è8é/"E9 SNæ
A
02v=-æîÔ ñ =M68K-Æ»^Næ¶Öùøú8Ùa i
(8ç
w i ( >0)
=-¼=/ 4 '8lî^N2OTøún
"Sèé []ËV'*-N2O
è8é
A
Öa 1 , w 1
Ùö9Öa
, w
Ùö9 ! Öa n , w n
Ù#"¿Q¿QoE9
a 1
0Rè8é
A
= $&%øú/'(/O*)w8= $&%øúa i
"9
,+è/é Ò 6g-+[/.10L^+'MNLOa079aø+ú&02å u æó20
3 è8é Ò gSkoè8é 4 ' 8lî^'-MEN2OT£8ËV'9$&%øú
v#^36^+0
1
8=Sèé/4 3/5 96$&%øú Æ lRÆ[-v#^3
^=#ø+ú&087Í-NSO¿^80/9:%8ø+ú&;' (&OPè/é Ò 6gE[5M
'Sè8é"
n
% 02o=-øú ñ< = []J7: 8lî^'MENVO?>Ø [Vè8é Ñ XA@BÓ =-øú/(8ç=SG=C+02D u O0 3 9Tè8éFEè8éHG =Ô/I/=J/lQ0K8D+[ ÆML u =
+Ô ñ ©,N=O
[
ê8ë2001]
ÊMQP/¯8o6 -NLOv^3^=-è/é Î8ËV'MENøú(ç8[-]RËV'Ô ñ ©NO "1L#^+9avE=R1"Ô ñ © ME#S8oå u ¿RÊopRN2O Ô ñ © "
0
T k1
T,U
=#s 8o#ålQ^+9»Ô ñ © WVMó2=EÔ ñ =J/Mæ/ M6
¿ [*-N2O?> XÊ[Vè8é Ñ XA@BÓ =Ô ñ ©NO =G=C+02D u O
Ô ñ ©=NO 02Õ+MEN¿R [-]7a9C [SÎ8ËV'M*M#æ¶ÖZY8C
æÙ02C+[-[ -NSÔ ñ =/JMæ [\8p^]KNR¿ #o6pNVO¿
^[]7*Y8Cæ6ó`_T¿ÊopC/=a,b,L#^N2O
ìSígR"c r æº9de æº0/f\y 4L3 ó=o9Êþ
2700
=#w/÷Eøú&=kgU g ÔI&9ih=j
ë
ÔI&k ï,l o
D/lQ^ 3 ó2=#oE NVOTþ
13
ÿ æ/ÝÞ/lQ^'5+7a9nm1C\bpo q ÔWI\0SÎ&8æº[EM'"v=ÔWI/ósrut 4 'EMNO?v K_+9Ñxw Óö Ñxy E/Óö"m1C&ÔI&9 Ñxy E/Óö Ñ{z}| g~+Óö"Wo q\Ô ñ 6?
=
¡¢ C=y6¡¢
& 8= H ¡ ¢
£?¤!¥¦
¢§§¨¢ª©¨ª
è8é øú/9(8ç
XA@B XA@B+9
1.000
«¬ B+90.853
® N90.034
>/ØM¯±°=²u³*´8µ¶=·ª¸¹º=»;¼½
Ô ñ ©
0.298 0.054
0.504
XA=Bh+ ¾
¿À XA@B
> X^¯ ³*´8µ¶=·ª»Á¸ÂWÃÄ
2D2-03
The 18th Annual Conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, 2004
- 2 -
I/oE NVOP-ìRí g-=/m&»"-ìRíîgko6kWgÖZmÙÚ[ Å 3 N
Ô/I=SóJ=#0sÆ+aO
2.1
ÇÉÈ[Ê1Ë1Ì++Ò
g-"%8=
5
Í =e | ,Î o ï Ðl ^'-MNÖ× Ø Ù OÏ8 Ð1Ñ
["
423
Í =Ò Ð 56]2Ó 1ÔÐ ÝÞ/lî^'MENVOÏ
~AÕ Ñ "
8
EFV=#]P*S,.0
4
'MEN 0
¨Ö
9Pg8×
Ø-9nÙu89:Ú,Û9nÜ89iÝ=Þ/9àßâá69nã1ä9nå/n9:æy/9:çè9
éê
9nëì9:í=îö=
14
Í oå 4 '-MN2O ÏA Õ Ñ [#"214
Í =ï
/=
=ç[ð1ñ/*+ÔI =E NA=Õ #Ý8Þl^+'MNSO
Ïò1ó ÐâÑ
"
/
oW_ËS'M6N ò1ó
0 3
"ô
y
gÝ+Þl^
'-MN2O
2.2
õö[÷1Ç[Èùøùúuû Ì ü=ý[÷âþeÿ8 Ñ 0 4R3 MÓ -Ë 3 u N2 9 [Å 3 Nª
Dæ80 ) Ð Õ8ö98[Å 3 NÕÆ+0 )A Õ8ö6'(/On~
6A Õ
14
Í =+>-o69a)6A Õ/Ê=Ô ñ © 6óAV6M-óJ=0 ~-AÕ8ö u NVO
T,U
[ + /ESgV-=y/=+^+0
D u O
Æ ) Ð Õ/9a)A Õ0+7á u O
)A Õ0s~-6A Õ&[/\ ] u N2O
) Ð Õõb )+AÕ&=ûEüý o+y/02Oa)+AÕ\[.10
^N + [ 0+N2O
88Ò Eg0 4 9:) Ð Õ/.,0V^N 8 0 u NVO
½¾8* + *ÍS^/_80O
) Ð Õ/0L9avE=--ìíîg=/m&\+p}]/K9 =y80J/aO
½¾8* + *ÍS^/_ 80O
8) Ð Õ/ Ï ò,ó Ð1Ñ Ê=Ô ñ © 0LÊ79!6óSÔ ñ © WV r 9
v=/S/
0.160
T k Ö#"$8=L¡¢/[]7Ps%D+[8Dlî^ 3& SÙ*N 8 0 u NVOT½¾* 8 #*Í^/_('0J
aO
') Ð Õõb!~#+A=Õ&=Eû6üRý o 8y/0V&O?~#+A=Õ\[/.u0
^+N / [ 0)/NLOi8y=*^/" ,+ o6 NLO½+¾
* + *ÍS^/_-80aO
-8) Ð Õ/=Eç6oWy80/aO:y=+^8" + +o SN2OT½
¾8* + *ÍS^/_E9/.0è:*-N2O
1+ -/=2 [y0JM9 1+ 8o½¾* 8 W4+ Ë
3*34 o*5166 u N2O
2.3
798Éøùúuû Ì ü=ý[÷;:9<SNQ Ñ>== * 0? 43 MEÓ MË 3 [-M'#=
yP¯80@BA
u
NVOnv/K_69 ÑDC Må ÜE
02å
Ü 3 M6Óö=#]
* ÑGFH ÕJI
Ð
ÕJI-AÕÓö=+\[-¼ 4 'E9!K1L+gL
[
MON2002]
0P/Õ u NSO¿=E]2*-º[-¼ 4 'E9:C&D/[Eà C MåÜE
"W~-Q6BR(SV8Éö ò,T84 ' r ^+^_9 ÑDC Må
Ü
E
å
Ü 3 MÓ " Ñ~Q+9/R(SLå
Ü 3 MÓ808\8p^]
KSNR¿R»#oEpJ9 ÑGU V8yÒ/9WRSVYXÓö M6TCD6* áo
pRN2OP¿=EÃ C Må ÜE
»"~?QBRSVÉ ME òT 0ZKL
-gL[-]27P¿R o6pRNLO[K,L+gS# "9: -N
Ð Õ Æ ò1T lQ^+N\YKº[6Ô
u
Næ8o6 -NJ9 FH Õ b FH AÕ
0á#
u
NR-gSo6 -NLO:0 3 9:¿=#-gS#" FH ÕõbFH
AÕ Æ Ð
ÕÖñò æÙ0 ò,T
u
N¿:óJo6pNLO[K,L8-g
S0ZP8Õ 43 y=+^8"E9P Ñ>== * 0) 43 MEÓ
8& -Ë 3 Êp29 FH Õ == Ð Õ 0K,L+6gS
[ Í#9 ñò æ/0?] u NVO ñò æ/0S) Ð Õ& 4 9 ,+ -
=2 [y/0J/M9 ,+ 8oE½+¾* 8 W4+ Ë 3Y34 o
5166 u N2O
3.
^`_`a¶°«±³²³´¶µ\·&¸º¹badcfe£/¤/= -gS[#+M6'g&02O¿=#-gS
o6=9¼6ôÁih*SÊ9v#=
¨©
[-M'j Ü N2OQ0 3 9v
¿ Æ £8¤8= + ESgVS=ikl 4 [-M'8KLN2O
3.1
mBnpoBqsrtvuBw£8¤8=
+
ESgVLo#¼6ô/Áih*S/"E9 ÑD 0)
43 MÓ »MË 3 ]2*E)o+9
p r Í-' Ñ ªSDæJI#A
Õ/Óö ÑAÕ=EçÓö=
2
/[ÍÆ ^NVOn0 3 9 Ñ ªLDEæ9I-AÕ/Ó"9 Ñæx&=*#M)Ó9 ÑGFH ÕÖ±æx/æ8Ù0A.,y8)/Ó9
Ñ{z|} 0^.1y+)8Ó =
3
/[/Í#Æ»^N2O[~=jD8[#"%/[D u
]RT*Seá-/ SN2O
ªVDæ9IA Õ
=#)
Ñ 0)6M 3 MEÓ
ÇÒ9E X
Ñ{ C8å
Ü 3 MEÓ
>iV+yÒ
,
í*»!XFH Õ0^.1y)
Ñ+3 Mç
E
0Zç 3 MEÓ
*
Ò9 w X9W w X
ÑGC Må ÜE
0^å
Ü 3 MEÓ
U V+yÒ9WRS2*X
z|} 0^.1y)
Ñ{ =80AÝ 43 MEÓ
A E
ÑD3
N
=/æ+y 43 MEÓ
3 N X
A Õ/=ç
Ñ Ë 43 MEÓ
X
Ñ3 MEÓ
3.2
9swpmBB (¡s¢+&[-]ËL' 8 =á&*£0V^NG&H6* F¤ =E)/9
ô*¥ Ð Õ8028®o
500
Í Ï6Ð 4 9v^+0¦§+6WJ 4 '#9£/¤/= -gS=(¦§&0ÊË 3 O:R+10>¨î[/D u O
"(©Ez/0å 4 9+"ª8 SNá-/=#W«
1
Í o-óZ©Ez/0^.1y óV=69¬"Y.,0è,0 3 "EÀ©z&o6 -NLO ¨8© "ºÖ =®+ûE!#i¯Ù
+
Ö°=®8û#!V#i¯Ù oå u O £8¤= ¨+© "85.4
±ME#R1&[*-Ë 3 O
3.3
õö[÷1Ç[Èùøùúuû Ì ü=ý[÷p²1³J´£8¤8=
+
/ESgV-"E9a)[S¼ 4 '
85.4
± ME[µ~[VM
¨+©
oE¼ô
4
'#M6NVOv#¿o98
F¤
=aub+=#¬/9
¶ ¤
[-¼
4
'E=
¨8©
0j
Ü
NSO:0 3 9 ¶ ¤
&"
ÑG·¸
0?¹+M
3
Ó¨=
+
0
ñ6ò
oEpRN
¶ ¤
+öÊ9 Ѻ
Ë 3 Ó¨=
+
0 ñ
ò
op*-M
¶ ¤
+ö=
2
d&[8/ÍÆ»^N8K9v=2
d[-M'
¨©
0j
Ü
N2O
+ Ð
~-6A Õ A Õ
ò=ó Ð
w X ån
»
¼Y½
@ y
ÝÞ
¾ Þ ¿
× ØM¯{ÀÁÂYÃ*ÄÅDÆiÇÈ
>i¨2¯{ÉÊËYÌÍÎÏÐ*ÑÒiÓÔËiÕÖר*ÙÚ,ÛÜÝ Þßà
14.6
á2.0
á83.4
áThe 18th Annual Conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, 2004
- 3 -
"(©Ez9â¬"À©Ez 4 9 ¨+© " =®8û#!V#i¯oå
u O*E589¦§WL"/®+oÏÐ 4R3
357
Í Öñò o6pN 200
Í 9 ñ6ò op*-M 157
Í Ù o# SN2OQR10>Yã [8D u O>ã Æ}L NJ]VÊ[E9 / 0 ñ8ò op2N ¶ ¤ &= ¨© "9
45.0
± äµ~[åM8O¿^"69£¤/= /gL# ¶ ¤ [-¼ô 4 '#M6*M=o1Å(æ&=R+1/Ì»MK-NLO:0 3 9 0ñò o6p*#M ¶ ¤ [-¼ 4 'Só29 0á# 4 'E"E*6Æî*#M=
[9þBç 0á# 4 '#MENLO!~,jD["%&[D u ]J*
eá-/ SN2O
+ 0 ñ6ò opN ¶ ¤
©Ez Ñ·i¸ 0¹M 3 Ó
+9!èé9-
À©Ez Ñëê ì^ 3 Ó
á8* 4
+ 0 ñ6ò op*-M ¶ ¤
©Ez Ѻ Ë 3 Ó
á8* 4
À©Ez Ñ ª2L8% 3 Ó
îí
¿=£/¤= &-gS# ¶ ¤ \[-¼+ô 4 'M6*M=
[9¿Q^ÌÍ-= á-0 u Ny\Y# 4 '"E9
2.2
ï o(@,A 43 Ã Ï )Ð Õ Ñ =6ç+É=W+y Ö-Ù =#¬8Ì/K#Æî^+NLOP£/¤/=
-g#"9ÊÃ Ï ) Ð Õ Ñ I Ï )8AÕ Ñ É9ÊÃ Ï ) Ð Õ Ñ I
Ï ~-AÕ Ñ Éö=y0ð+'96á-á* Ë 35 9Ã Ï) Ð
Õ Ñ =çÉ =y[]J7 + álî^N2O0S79 N ¶ ¤ [
¼ 4 '9 Ð ÕAÕ&=ÔI&0848ÍNR¿R»#oEp2+9 3 Ìñ/[#9
Ð Õ/=ç6o + 0 ñ6ò/4 '-MENR¿ [*-N2OP¿Q^o"E9 ¶ ¤ =
Ð ÕAÕ=ÔI0ò+oEpR*-ME¿R ÆQ9aR!SUVW2&
=w&x0VC&D[-yz 4 0L 4 '#M6N2î"6MK*#M8O 4R3
#ËL'9 ¶ ¤ /= Ð ÕA Õ=ÔI0òl m N¬&[#9 ¶ ¤
0V¼ô&l m Nâó 3 *+y#/)+o6 -N2ÊMKNLO:0 3 9ÊÃ 0
ñ6ò oEp*-M ¶ ¤ 8É 0J¼ô/l m N 3 %E9 + [EÔI N 9*
M =-#ól m N8)8 N M6KSN2OTSgVS02]7:¦EM-óJ=
u N¬[¿Q^8Æiô 4 =ikl/0L¥õ u N2O
4.
öb÷bøfù£¤= 8 /6gL#"E)&[¼ 4 'µ~[VM
¨+©
o¼ô 4 'MENVOv¿Qo9 +SgV#Lo"69 ¶ ¤ 0y u N2Û
[ ¶ ¤ ÆQ)1ú/=Y¥]02&O¿=Y¥]\[5+M6'E9 ¼ û
AÕ8 0PÕ u NVOQv/K_E9 ¶ ¤ ÑGü ý8MEÓ [S¼ 4 '9Ã ü
*ý/M+=Eo9 ü 08Ý,Þ u N2ÉÊMË 3#ñ+ò Æ9 Ñý/MÓ =#¼
û
AÕ 4 ' ÑÝÞ u NÓ 0PÕ u NVOv 4 '9:) ÑGü 0sÝÞ 4
3 M6Ó ä¥] u NRn[-]7a9£8¤8= 8 /ESgV##[S¼ô/l m
NRnEÁh *#NVOà>þ [¼
û
AÕ/0PÕ 43 +/=(¥]=
G=C+02D u O
4.1
m;ÿ[Ê,Ë1̼ û AÕ
Ò
6g#"9
-gSSo
¶ ¤ ÆQ)
ú/ ¥]
u
NVÛ[-ÕM6NRC+
Ò
6gSo6 #7:9
ï
¼ û AÕ
Ò
gLö9
+¼
û
A Õ
Ò
gV =
2
+=-C Ò g Æ ï Ðl^N2O
ï
¼ û AÕ
Ò
6g"9) Æ ¶ ¤
ú ¥]
u
NVÛ+9
¼ û
AÕ=ço"*¥ ]/#ÀÁih+*
ï
*[¼
4
'?PÕ
u
N2O
vKE_9
¶ ¤ Ñ
5
r
ÓÚ[¼
4
'E9aAÕ&=6ço+"E*
r
9Vª
DEæó¥/l m 9:) Ñå
ÜE
02å Ü 3
M6Óö ¥]
u
NLO¿R=
]P*
¶ ¤
&[¼
4
'9a¿R=C
Ò
Eg0PÕ
u
NVO Ïï
äå
Ð Õ Ñ
[E"8 = ªSDæ [#
3
NRæ9
Ï ¶ ¤ Õ Ñ
[E"#&=#Õ
Æ/[
3
Næ/-ÝÞlî^'MEN2O Ïï
¼ û Ð Õ Ñ
[#" ªVDEæ
¥]
u
NRæ9 Ï ¼ û
AÕ
Ñ
[E"EÕ,Æ/ ¥]
u
Næ#Ý8Þl^+'
MN2OTC"
36
Í o SNÖ×=XÙ O8¼
û
AÕ
Ò
Eg"69 ï
¼ û AÕ
Ò
EgSo¼ô/o6pR*
Ë 3
\[¼
4
'PÕ
u
NLO:v&K6_9
¶ ¤ Ñ
YS
y
^
3 Ó ¼ 4
'9AÕ=ç0¥]
4
'#9:)
Ñ
(S
y
02æ8y 43
M6Ó
¥]
u
NLO
Ï
ä+å Ð Õ Ñ
["#8&= ªSD6æ [
3
NRä+å
D*æ9
Ï ¶ ¤ Õ Ñ
[E"#8&=Õ,Æ&[
3
NRæ#Ý8Þl^+'#M
NLO
Ï
¼
û Ð Õ Ñ
[" ªLDEæ/0)¥]
u
NRæ/9 ϼ û
AÕ Ñ [
"#Õ=Æ+0¥]
u
Næ/ÝÞlî^'MENVO Ïm Ñ
[#"
Ï
+äå
Ð
Õ Ñ
=--ì6í g=m-ÝÞlî^6'-MN2OTC"
104
Í o SNÖר:Ù O
5.
õ²³´«¹¼ û
A=Õº[#]V7
¶ ¤ 0)1ú ¥=] 4 9a£¤=
/
-gS#o
¶ ¤ /0Vl m N¿ 6Áh/Ê*#Ë 3 Ov¿o9
/#) ¶ ¤ 9alRÆ[9
¶ ¤ +*ÆR_#v^8
+
0 ñò o6pNZ o6p*#MY 0V+l m N8/Y R#
S0J6
u
N2Ony=+^0
T=U [8D
u O
Æ )
Ð
Õ/9a)A Õ0+7á u O
=
ó
Õ&AÕo Ñ+ 3 M6Ó *6ÆR_9av6=-8/0L)
// 4 9£¤=
8
/6-gL#-=yú1y/OoEp
*ÍS^/_E9v=/"
¶ ¤ 8: 4 9
ú8 yO
ï!
¼ û A=Õ
Ò
6g0),
u
NSOa¿R¿o
¶ ¤ Æ)
ú/=*¥]o6p^&_9£/¤/=
8
-gL=W+yú/
yOPop*ÍS^/_E9
ú+ y8O
¼
û
AÕ
Ò
Eg-01
u
N¿¿o
¶ ¤ ÆQ)ú
=*¥]o6p^&_9£/¤/=
-gL=W+yú/"
yOPop*ÍS^/_E9 Ñ
+
[EÔ/I8*-M8o
u Ó ;á-
u
N2O
> ã ¯#%$ ¸ ÀÁ&(' )?Ä+*-, .¸ /01 2 3 45 6 7
×=X^¯98:%3!;!<=ÂYÃ*ÄÅDÆiÇÈ
ï
äå
Ð Õ ¶ ¤ Õ ï
¼ û Ð Õ ¼ û A Õ
> r ·@? 8N
r å ÜE å Ü N
ר2¯GÆA3!;!<=ÂYÃ*ÄÅDÆiÇÈ
BC+D+EFG H I+JG BCKLFG KLMG
N OPQN RS TU+SV
OW OW XY-SV Z[ \]SV
¶ ¤ Ѱü
ý+MEÓ
)
Ѱü
0AÝÞ 43
MEÓ
^`_acb
Ñý+MEÓ[S¼ 4 '¼
û
A Õ ÑÝÞ
u
NRÓ 0J½Õ
>þ^¯d3!;!<=efgihkjl(m1¸!no pq-rtsu-vxw V
I+Jy
pq-rtsu-vxwkz|{
IJy
}
55.0
~ }47.1
~
45.0
~ 52.9
~The 18th Annual Conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, 2004
- 4 -
ii %i !i"!i!-(|(%
--
0.160
! 0.140
! ¢¡£(¤i¥+¦§©¨ª(«
¥¬(
®-%¯°±
³²
6.
´¶µ·!¸
!i¹!º%»i¼½k¾-¿ÀÁ(%ÂîÄ!Å%Æ»i¼ÇÈÉ
Á-"ÊiËiÅ(Æ(»¼ÇÈÉÁ-Ì(ÍÎ
¥ ·
|Ï
iÐ%Ñ%
Q²©ÒÓiÔ%ÕÖ
3.3
× -Ø%Âîٳ%%Q² Å%Æi³
ÚiÛ
Ì%Í!Î
¥-Ü!ÝÞ
-ß!à+á!âã©Å%Æi³ÚiÛ|ä
Ý Ì
Í%Î
¥Ü%ÝÞ
ß%àå-á%æ
¥+¬
²
ÄÅiÆi»å¼ÇÈ+ÉÁ
¥ç
ÝÞ
©Å%Æi³ÚiÛ
Ì%Í!Î
¥-Ü!ÝÞ
èÂ
Ý
Å%Æi-é-º
Âîê!ëì+í
¡
èî(¯ïãÂÅ%Æi³Ú(ÛÃä
Ý
Ì%Í!Î
¥-Ü
ÝÞ
ñðòÅÆ(xÚ(ÛÃä
Ý
¹ºÎóôtéº%Âñ®+ê!ëiì
í
¡
èî(¯ï"
³²Ï
ièîiõ
Õö÷
É
Õø
-ù%
²
á!â
¦x§
©Å%Æi³ÚiÛ
Ì%ÍÎ
¥ · Â Þ
Ä%Ç+ÈÉÁ
Ï
Ê%Ë%ÇÈQÉ-Á+
Ï
¦§
Ù
46.0
ú%û Â| Ï üý"Ùx©Ä ÇÈQÉ-Á
ÌÍ!Î
¥ · Â Þþÿ
«
ä+»(¼
¥
ä®
Ý
³²
®"á!æ
¦§
ÅÆixÚ(ÛÃä
Ý
Ì%ÍÎ
¥ · Â Þ
©Ä
ÇÈÉÁ-
Ï
Ê(ËiÇ+ÈÉÁ-
Ï
¦³§
Ù
40.4
úiû ÂxÏ
üý"Ùx+¹!º
ÅÆ
¥
(±
üä
Ý
ü
Ýþÿ
«
ä»i¼
¥
ä®
Ý
Q²
ý ¥
©Å%Æi³ÚiÛ
Ì(ÍÎ
ÿ
i
Ï
û
Å%Æ(³Ú(ÛÃä
Ý
Ì%ÍÎ!
ÿ
"ä
Ï
i#
Q²
ÂÃüÂ%$
¥&Ý
Ï
(('
Þ-Ý
*)
ãüý
·!¸
! +
Õ
È
¥¦x§-,Ý ÿ
("(Û®
Ý
Q²!)
-ß!à.0/12iÂ
®
·¸
i¹!º»i¼½ã¾¿ÀÁ
ÅÆ»i¼ÇÈQÉ-Á+
«3
¥4!Ý!¥65"7
Ûî
Ý
³²98 :;
=<>
; #
¥¬
²
8:;
ð@?
A
®-ó
Ê%Ë%ÇÈQÉ-ÁCBéº%äÂ
ÄÇÈQÉ-Á
B"DE!GF"H%IJF"H(IKE
ðMLNOP
¥6Q Q®-ó
Ê%Ë%ÇÈQÉ-ÁCBRSTF"H
¡VU
«W ì!»(¼¯
ÄÇÈQÉ-Á
B"DE!GF"H
<>
;
ðMXYÂñ®-ó
B"DEGF"H
¡
ðZ<S(
óôt-!
0.564
[¯èî]\ ðòÅÆ
¥
-ä
Ý
¹!º%ó
ð_^
`)
ä Ý ó BÅÆi !ä
Ý
¹!º
¡Ma
¯
èî]\b^c"deH
a
ÄÅ(Æ(»¼Ç+ÈÉÁ-fg0h%kÂ
Þ
Ãði^
`) ä Ý
óï
Ý
®
¦j
äklJiÌ%Í!Î
¥
·m Û|ä
Ý Ý
h ±
Q²!)
¹º-ê!ë(±
J%Ínîo
¥¦
ÞpU
«W ðq^óï!
!ð ä Ý ó sr'
²
ßà
)
-¹%ºði^
ä Ý ó Ý
®-Îkä
§
ÅiÆ
¥
ä
Ý
¹%ºt!k»¼
Þ Â ² )
J%Ínî"oåvut®w- ðä Ý ó x"y(!r'
¦j"¥
)
¹ºêë(±+Ãð
`) ó r'
(
U
«W ði^óï ð
`) ó kÂ
Þ
i(u
)
Û
²
Â|üÂxði^
`) ó Ý
®-Îkä
§ )
Ù
®+Å(Æ
¥
ä
Ý
¹(ºt!k»¼
Þ Â ²
ßàåÄ%Å(Æ
»(¼ÇÈQÉ-Ák lJ(Ì%ÍÎ
¥
·m ÛÃä
Ý Ý
fgh
±
³²
7.
z|{~}6Ä(!
«
ä+»i¼½ã¾-¿ÀÁx
ÝÞ
%
÷6|ÕÖ
¥-þ
ÿ « ü Ü
iäi
¨(
[
Ü
Ô
 Þ
Õ
+¹º
¥ · Â Þ
%äÅÆ((!ÅÆ»(¼ÇÈQÉ
Á+
£(¤
juQ®
²
Ê(Ë(Å%Æ(»i¼Ç+ÈÉÁ-"!Îiì
¥
·m
Â
Þç§
Ãð?
A
®ó°äQ-Ì%Í!Î
¥
·m
Â
Þ-Ý ä-ü®
² )
Ì%Í
Îi6Îi"%
x"%
·¸
!(12Âî
²!)
¥¦x§
Ãð?å
A
®óï
Ý
Ì(Í!Î%ü!ý Ãð K
A
(¡¢%Âî
Ý ó
Ý
"!Î (£%ÛxÊiË(Å%Æ(»i¼Ç+ÈÉÁÌ(Í!Î
Q !%Û
¦j¥
Âñ®
²
®©¹!º%»i¼½ã¾-¿ÀÁ+(12i©Å
Æ%»i¼Ç+ÈQÉÁ
¥
å±
¹!º(ü
ü
þÿ
«
ä»i¼Ù
¥
*)
Û|®
² )
¦j¥
·!¸
!¹º%»i¼½
¾¿+ÀÁ12
j)
¥-¦³§
Å(Æ(»¼ÇÈÉÁ
¦³§
«3
¤)
¥
8:
Âñ®
Ý
³²
."¥i¦g"Â
Þ
£i¤
§"¨
¥çÝÞ
©¹º
¥ ·
iä+Å(Æ
Å(Æ +
Õ È ¥ ä Ý
Ù³Ù(©ªÂ
Þç%§
Å(Æ +
Õ
È«¬0®(¯°
±
s±
²
®%²p³!£
u
©
!("´
¥
µ¶
Øt·
¤)
"üýt£µ¶
¥
·m
Âî-Ç+ÈÉÁv¸t¹
¯t
±
ý
²
ý
¥
Å(Ƴ!ÚiÛä
Ý
"!Î"º"klJ-Ì(ÍÎ
¥
·m
Û
ä Ý
Ý
fgh!»¼Ù¤¯-
³²
0
Ä
£(¤
-Î"½H¾¿(üýtÀ"Á(vÂtîÄÅÆ
4
¾¾Ç
ÈÉ ÷ É6Ê£Ë
£(¤Ì
É øÍ¤Î*Ï ðZ
Ð
H ¾"
m
%ó
¥-ç
Ã
£(¤
Ñ("Â
Þ
uQ®
²
Ò|ÓÕÔ×Ö
[
Ø ½2001]
Ø ½ÙÚ0ÛÜ:
þÿ « »i¼-®Ý6Þ ß0³-!
ÒÓ
Ô
j«j"± W (
Vol.8
No.2
pp.39- 54
2001
²[
4à2003]
4àáâã Ø ½Ù!ÚÛÜ:
Þß!î ¥6äå ÅÆ»(¼ÇÈQÉ-Á+¸¹%!æ
17
/²tç ¾,2003
²[
èêé2002]
èëévìí Ø ½Ù %Ú0Û"Ü:
þÿ «îtï »i¼Ç+ÈQÉÁ¸¹(
Ð
! ¾
£i¤
ðñ
2002-ICS-130
pp.31-36
2002
²áâ*òóôõö"÷øù(úû"ü"ý
áæ*òóôõö"÷øùvþÿû"ü"ý
Ê%ËÇÈQÉ-Á ÄÇÈQÉ-Á
91.0
~
45.0
~}
55.0
~ }9.0
~
93.3
~
52.9
~}
47.1
~ }6.7
~Ê%ËÇÈQÉ-Á ÄÇÈQÉ-Á