̿ ᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡽ୍⯡ᑵປࡢ⛣⾜ᨭὀ┠ࡋ࡚̿
Ọ࡞Ꮚ
(㧗▱Ꮫᩍ⫱◊✲㒊ேᩥ♫⛉Ꮫ⣔ᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊㛛 㧗▱Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ)
Employment Support for People with Intellectual Disabilities in Sweden Partille ; Forcing on Transition Support from Daily Activities to Employment
Kanako Korenaga
Kochi University Research and Education Faculty Humanities and Social Science Cluster Education Unit, The Research Project on Kochi Developmental Disabilities;
Abstract㸸In this study, I examined transition support from Daily activities to employment. Especially, Employment support for people with intellectual disabilities as "Project Working Life" for social inclusion in Sweden Partille. Following results are analyzed. First, to continue challenges for social inclusion in each community. Second, to establish career center for the work support and life support. Third, to develop workplaces those are open to the public. Fourth, to promote employment by groups and by individuals as strategies. Fifth, to reflect their interests to the work like as "art".
࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ ᑵປᨭ ࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࢪࣙࣥ Key words: Sweden, Employment Support, Social Inclusion
㸯㸬ၥ㢟ࡢᡤᅾ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ࠾࠸࡚▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ(*\PQDVLHV¦UVNRODQ)༞ᴗᚋࡢ㐍㊰ࡣ,ᅜẸ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ()RONK¸JVNROD)ࡸ 㞀ᐖ⪅ᡂேᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵(6¦UYX[)ࡢ㐍Ꮫ,୍⯡ᑵປ(SSQDDUEHWVPDUNQDGHQ)ࡸ᪥୰άືಖ㞀(Daglig verksamhet) ࡢᑵປࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ. ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡛ᅜᐃࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ(Nationella programmet;⫋ᴗᑓᨷ)ࢆᒚಟࡋࡓ┦ᑐⓗ㍍ᗘࡢ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡣ, ୖグ 4 ࡘ࡚ࡢ㐍㊰ࡀ᳨ウࡉࢀࡿ.▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡛ಶูࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ(Individuella programmet;⫋ᴗカ⦎ࡶࡋࡃ ࡣάືカ⦎)ࢆᒚಟࡋࡓ┦ᑐⓗ୰㔜ᗘࡢ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡣ,㞀ᐖ⪅ᡂேᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵ࡸ᪥୰άືಖ㞀⛣⾜ࡍࡿ(➨ 1 ᅗཧ ↷)1. ➨ 1 ᅗ㸸ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ࠾ࡅࡿ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ༞ᴗᚋࡢ⛣⾜ ฟ㸸2MUHUVM¸V¦UVNROD8WLDUEHWVOLYHW9X[HQXQGHUYLVQLQJRFKDUEHWHI¸ULQGLYLGHUPHGIXQNWLRQVKLQGUHW XWYHFNOLQJVVW¸UQLQJ㧗▱ᏛⓎ㐩㞀ᐖ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᅜ㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ᥦ♧㈨ᩱࢆཧ⪃ⴭ⪅సᡂ. ᅜẸ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࡸ㞀ᐖ⪅ᡂேᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵ࡣ♫ᩍ⫱⨨࡙࠸࡚࠾ࡾ,⮬❧カ⦎ࡸᑵປ⛣⾜ᨭࡶ⾜࠺. ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࡃ᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡽ୍⯡ᑵປࡢ⛣⾜ᨭὀ┠ࡋ࡚ศᯒࡍࡿ.ලయⓗࡣࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹ࣭ࣥࣃࢸ ࣞᕷ(➨ 2 ᅗཧ↷)ࡢࠕᑵປ⏕άࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ(Project Working Life,Projekt arbetsliv)ࠖࢆศᯒࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ ࡚,ࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵࡢᑵປᨭࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿ. ➨ 2 ᅗ ࣃࢸࣞᕷࡢ⨨ 䝟䝔䜱䝺ᕷ ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ *\PQDVLHV¦UVNRODQ 16 ࡽ 20 ṓ ᅜᐃࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ(㍍ᗘ▱ⓗ) (Nationella programmet) ಶูࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ(୰㔜ᗘ▱ⓗ) (Individuella programmet) ᅜẸ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ )RONK¸JVNROD ୍⯡ᑵປ(SSQD arbetsmarknaden) 㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢࡓࡵࡢᡂே ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵(6¦UYX[) ᪥୰άືಖ㞀(Daglig verksamhet) ᑵປ⏕ά/♫ᩍ⫱
㸰㸬◊✲ࡢ᪉ἲ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ,ㄪᰝᩥ⊩᳨ウࡢ᪉ἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ. ㄪᰝᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡣࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹ࣭ࣥࣃࢸࣞᕷ(ேཱྀ 35,518 ே,2011 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 31 ᪥⌧ᅾ)ࡋ,⌧ᆅㄪᰝࡣ 2012 ᖺ 3 ᭶ᐇࡋࡓ.
ㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡣ,▱ⓗ㞀ᐖᏛᰯᩍဨ,᪥୰άືಖ㞀ᶵ㛵⫋ဨ, ᑵປ⏕άࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮➼࡛࠶ࡿ.ㄪᰝࡣ,ᑵ ປ⏕άࢭࣥࢱ࣮(Arbetslivscentrum),᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࢭࣥࢱ࣮(Kulturstubbens dagliga verksamhet),▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡀ ᑵປࡍࡿ࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢭ࣮࣋ࣥ(&DI«6¦YHQ),▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢⱁ⾡సရࢆ㈍ࡍࡿࢠ࣮ࣕࣛࣜ(Galleri)࠾࠸࡚ᐇࡋࡓ. ᩥ⊩ࡣ⌧ᆅㄪᰝᥦ౪ࡉࢀࡓ㈨ᩱཬࡧࣃࢸࣞᕷබห㈨ᩱ➼ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ. 㸱㸬⤖ᯝ 㸱㸬㸯㸬ᑵປ⏕άࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ ࣃࢸࣞᕷ࡛ࡣ 2009 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 1 ᪥ࡽ 2012 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 31 ᪥ࡅ࡚ᑵປ⏕άࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ(௨ୗ,ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ) ╔ᡭࡋࡓ. EU Ḣᕞ♫ᇶ㔠ࡼࡿࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥయ࡛ 54 ᕷ⏫ᮧࡀࡇࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ2.ᑐ㇟ࡣ▱
ⓗ㞀ᐖ,⮬㛢,⬻ᦆയࡢ࠶ࡿே࡛࠶ࡿ.ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡣḢᕞ♫ᇶ㔠(European Social Fund, Svenska ESF-r§GHW ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺண⟬ࡢෆ 9,890,364 ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࢡ࣮ࣟࢼ3ศࢆᣐฟ),ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ♫ಖ㝤ᙜᒁ(Swedish Social Insurance Agency, )¸UV¦NULQJVkassan), ࢫ ࢘ ࢙ ࣮ ࢹ ࣥ ປ ാ ᕷ ሙ ᗇ (Swedish Public Employment Agency$UEHWVI¸UPHGOLQJHQ),ࣃࢸࣞᕷࣃࢸࣞᕷෆࡢᴗࡢ༠ാࡼࡗ࡚⥲㢠 25,263,882 ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࢡࣟ
࣮ࢼࡢண⟬ࢆࡅ࡚ᐇࡉࢀࡿ4.ࣃࢸࣞᕷ࡛ࡣ⣙ 50 ேࡀࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ.࠺ࡕ 8 ேࡣࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ
ᑐ㇟ࡽ୍⯡㞠⏝⛣⾜ࡋ,27 ேࡣ୍⯡ᑵປ㏆࠸⏕άࢆ㏦ࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ5.
ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡛ࡣ⡿ᅜࡢᨭ㞠⏝(Supported Employment, Individuellt 6W¸GL$UEHWH)ࢆཧ⪃,5 ேࡢࢪࣙ ࣈࢥ࣮ࢳࡼࡗ࡚ᑵປᨭࢆ⾜࠺.ᑵປࡢヨ⾜ࡸᨭ㞠⏝ࡢᣐⅬࡋ࡚ࠕᑵປ⏕άࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠖࡶ㛤ᡤࡉࢀࡓ. ᑵປ⏕άࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡣᑵປᐇ㊶ࡢሙࡸᨭ㞠⏝ࡢฟⓎⅬࡋ࡚タ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ.ࢪࣙࣈࢥ࣮ࢳࡣᑵປ⏕άࢭࣥࢱ ࣮࡛≉ᐃ㡿ᇦ▱㆑ᙉࡢࢥ࣮ࢫࡸᨭⓗ࡞ᣦᑟࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ.࠼ࡤࡑࢀࡽࡣࠕ᪥ᖖ⏕ά⏝ရᗑ࡛ാࡃࠖࢥ࣮ࢫ➼ࡢ ࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ,ࠕ᪥ࠎ࠸㣗ࢆ‽ഛࡋ࡚ᣢཧࡍࡁࠖ࠸ࡗࡓෆᐜࡶྵࡲࢀࡿ. ࡇࢀࡽࡢࢥ࣮ࢫࡢෆᐜࡸᩍᮦࡣࢪࣙࣈࢥ࣮ࢳࡀཧຍ⪅ࡢࢽ࣮ࢬࡸ⬟ຊᛂࡌ࡚‽ഛࡍࡿ .ࡲࡓ㛵ಀ⪅ᨭ㆟࡞ ࡶタᐃࡍࡿ.ࢪࣙࣈࢥ࣮ࢳࡣࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺཧຍ⪅ᑐࡋ࡚ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮࡞ࡢᐇ㝿ࡢᑵປࡢሙ࡛ ࡢᨭࡶ⾜࠺6. 㸱㸬㸰㸬᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡽ୍⯡ᑵປࡢ⛣⾜ ࣃࢸࣞᕷ࡛ࡣ,┦ᑐⓗ㍍ᗘࡢ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅୍࡛⯡ᑵປࢆᕼᮃࡍࡿ⪅ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚,௨๓ࡢࢹࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡛࠶ࡿ ᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡽ୍⯡ᑵປࡢ⛣⾜ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ. ࡇࡢᴗࡢ⫼ᬒࡣ,୍⯡ᑵປᑐࡋ࡚㞀ᐖ⪅⮬㌟ࡢせồ♫ⓗせㄳࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀᣦ࡛ࡁࡿ.ᑵປ ⏕ά࠾࠸࡚ࡶࢯ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ7ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ. ࣃࢸࣞᕷ࡛ࡢࢯ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡋ࡚ࡣ,࠼ࡤ୍⯡ே㛤ᨺࡉࢀࡓ࢝ࣇ࢙ࢆ㐠Ⴀࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ ࡗࡓࡾ,୍⯡ேࡢ㈍ࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓᡭᕤ〇ရࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡞࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿ.ᑵປ⏕άࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡸከᵝ࡞ᴗࡶ༠ຊ ࡋ࡚,᪥୰άືಖ㞀ᑐ㇟⪅ᨭࡢᐇ⩦ࡸᑵᴗᨭࡶ⾜࠺ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ8. 㸱㸬㸱㸬ࣃࢸࣞᕷ࠾ࡅࡿ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡢᵓ㐀 ࣃࢸࣞᕷබᘧ HP ࡼࡿࣃࢸࣞᕷ࠾ࡅࡿ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡢᵓ㐀ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺♧ࡉࢀࡿ9.
➨ 3 ᅗ ࣃࢸࣞᕷ࠾ࡅࡿ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ᪥୰άືಖ㞀 ฟ㸸ࣃࢸࣞᕷ㞀ᐖ⪅ᨭ HP ࡢෆᐜᇶ࡙࠸࡚ⴭ⪅సᡂ (http://www.partille.se/sv/Invanarservice/Funktionshinder/Daglig -verksamhet/,2012 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 14 ᪥ཧ↷). ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺,ࣃࢸࣞᕷ࠾ࡅࡿ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡣ 6 ࡘࡢศ㔝ࡀ࠶ࡿ.ࡑࢀࡽࡣᑵປ⏕άάືࣞ ࢫࢺࣛࣥ࢝ࣇ࢙,ࣇ࣮ࣟࣝࣥࢲࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ,ࢠ࣮࣮࣮ࣕࣛࣜ࣋࢝ࣜࡸ࢝ࣇ࢙,ᵓ㐀ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ,᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࢭࣥ ࢱ࣮,࡛࠶ࡿ.ࡲࡓᑵປ⏕άάືࡣᚋ㏙ࡍࡿᴗࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡸࣞࢡࢫࣅ࡛ࡢάື,ᐇ⩦,࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢭ࣮࣋ࣥᡭᕤⱁࡢ 㡿ᇦࡀ࠶ࡿ. ࡇࡢෆࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡣ㞄᥋ࡍࡿ㧗㱋⪅ఫᏯࡢࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡢᙺࡶᢸ࠺.ࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥࡣ୍⯡ྥࡅ 1 ᪥ 15 ேࡽ 20 ேศࡢ㣗ࢆ‽ഛࡍࡿ.ࡑࡢୖ,࢝ࣇ࢙ࡋ࡚ࣃࣥࡸࢣ࣮࢟,ࢡࢵ࣮࢟࡞ࡶ㈍ࡍࡿ. ࣇ࣮ࣟࣝࣥࢲࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࣇ࣮ࣟࣝࣥࢲᆅᇦࡢ㧗㱋⪅ఫᏯࡸ࢝ࣇ࢙༠ຊࡋ࡚άືࡍࡿ.ࢠ࣮࣮࣮ࣕࣛࣜ࣋࢝ࣜ, ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᚋ㏙ࡍࡿ.ࡑࡋ࡚⮬㛢ࡀ࠶ࡾ≉ᵓ㐀ࡀᚲせ࡞ேࡢࡓࡵᵓ㐀(≉ู㓄៖)ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡶ 2 ࡘ ⦅ไࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ. ᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡛ࡣ,4 ࡘࡢάືࡀ࠶ࡿ.➨୍ࡣẖ᪥ 40 ேศࡢࣛࣥࢳࢆ‽ഛࡋ࡚㍍㣗ࡸࣃࣥ➼ࡶ㈍ࡍࡿ ࠕ࢟ࢵࢳࣥࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࠖ,➨ࡣ㉎㈙ࡸࣜࢧࢡࣝ➼ࡢࠕࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾ㧗㱋⪅ఫᏯࡢ⎔ቃᩚഛࡸ㞧⏝ ࡶᑐᛂࡍࡿ,➨୕ࡣᵝࠎ࡞సࢆ⾜࠺ࠕ㐀ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࠖ,➨ᅄࡣ㝡ჾ,ᡭᕤⱁ,⤮⏬,⣬ᕤ࡞ࡢࠕⱁ⾡ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡛ࠖ ࠶ࡿ.ࡶಶࠎࡢࢽ࣮ࢬᛂࡌ࡚,㡢ᴦ⒪ἲࡸ₇⒪ἲ,ឤぬ⤫ྜ࡞ࡶಖ㞀ࡍࡿ. ┿ 1 ឤぬ⤫ྜࡢⓑ࠸㒊ᒇ ┿ 2 ࢟ࢵࢳࣥࡢࣂࢤࢵࢺࣞࢩࣆ ᪥୰άືಖ㞀(Daglig verksamhet) ࣇ࣮ࣟࣝࣥࢲࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ (Furulundsgruppen) ࢠ࣮࣮࣮ࣕࣛࣜ࣋࢝ࣜ,࢝ࣇ࢙ (*DOOHULEDJHULRFKNDI«) ᵓ㐀ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
(Grupper med extra tydlig struktur)
᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ (Kulturstubben) ࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥ࢝ࣇ࢙ (%UDWW§VN¦UUVWRUN¸NRFKNDI«) ᑵປ⏕άάື(Arbetslivsinriktad verksamhet) ᴗࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ ()¸UHWDJVgrupperna) ᐇ⩦ (Praktik & DQVW¦OOQLQJDU) ࣞࢡࢫࣅ (Lexbyfixarna) ࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢭ࣮࣋ࣥ ᡭᕤⱁ (6¦YHQNDI«RFK hantverk)
┿ 3 ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࢼࣉ࢟ࣥᢡసᴗ⿵ຓჾල ┿ 4 ࢼࣉ࢟ࣥᢡ ┿ 5 ⤮࣮࢝ࢻࡼࡿ⿵ຓ ┿ 6 ⏕⣬ࡢ౽⟢ 㸱㸬㸲㸬࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢭ࣮࣋ࣥ(6¦YHQ&DI«)ࡸࣞࢡࢫࣅ(Lexbyfixarna)࡛ࡢάື ࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢭ࣮࣋ࣥࡸࣞࢡࢫࣅ࡛ࡢάືࡣ,୍⯡ேࢆ㢳ᐈࡋࡓ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢᑵປ࡛࠶ࡿ.࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢭ࣮࣋ࣥࡣ⾤ ୰⨨ࡋ,୍⯡ࢥ࣮ࣄ࣮ࡸࣃࣥ,㍍㣗ࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ. ࣞࢡࢫࣅࡣ㍍㣗ࡢᥦ౪ࡶከ✀ࡢᡭᕤ〇ရࢆ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡀ⏕⏘ࡋ,୍⯡㈍ࡍࡿ.ࡶᗞᅬసᴗࡸᮌᮦฎ ⌮,ᕤࡶ⾜࠺.ࣞࢡࢫࣅࡣࣃࢸࣞᕷࡢᴗ࡛࠶ࡿࡀᕷ௨እࡢࡶㄳࡅ㈇࠺. ࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢭ࣮࣋ࣥࡸࣞࢡࢫࣅ࡛ࡣᐇ㝿ࡢປാ⎔ቃ࠾ࡅࡿᨭ㞠⏝ ,ಶูࡢ┠ᶆࢆタᐃࡋࡓປാカ⦎ࢆᥦ౪ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ10. ┿ 7 ࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢭ࣮࣋ࣥධཱྀ ┿ 8 ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡢ㞀ᐖ⪅సᡂၟရࡢ㈍
㸱㸬㸳㸬ᴗࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ ྛᴗ࡛ࡣᑵປࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࢆ⦅ᡂࡋ࡚▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡀᑵປࡍࡿ.࠼ࡤ㒑౽ᒁ࠾ࡅࡿศࡅࡸẸ㛫ᴗࡢ࣏ࢫࢸ ࣥࢢ➼ࡢᐉఏ,㧗㱋⪅ࢆ㢳ᐈࡋࡓ㈙࠸≀ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ,⡆༢࡞ᕤ,ᗞ,ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢪ࣒♫࡛ࡢᶵჾࡢࢣࡸ Ύᤲ,ᤲ㝖,ົฎ⌮,ࡶࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥࡸႚⲔᗑ࡞ࡢࡶ࠶ࡿ. ᪥୰άື༠ຊᴗࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ. ➨ 1 ⾲ ᑵປ༠ຊᴗ ᴗ✀ト ෆᐜ ᑠ ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮,㟁〇ရ〇㐀㈍,ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⏝ရᗑ,᭩ᗑ 㣧㣗 ࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥ,࢝ࣇ࢙ 〇㐀 ⮬ື㌴♫ ㎰ᴗ ㎰ᅬ ᩍ⫱ ᑵᏛ๓Ꮫᰯ,Ꮫᰯ⤥㣗ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ⚟♴ 㧗㱋⪅ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣒࣍ බົ ᅗ᭩㤋,㒑౽ᒁ,ᩍ ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ(ፗᴦᴗ) ࢦࣝࣇሙ,࣮࣎ࣜࣥࢢሙ,ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢡࣛࣈ,࣮࢜ࢡࢩࣙࣥ♫ ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ(⎔ቃᩚഛ) Ύᤲ♫,ࣜࢧࢡࣝࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ(ᗈ࿌➼) ࣋ࣥࢺ♫,ᗈ࿌♫ ฟ㸸3DUWLOOH.RPPXQ'DJOLJYHUNVDPKHWVDPDUEHWDUEODQGDQQDWPHGGHVVDI¸UHWDJ ト:ᴗ✀ࡣ᪥ᮏᶆ‽⏘ᴗศ㢮ࡢศ㢮ࢆཧ↷ࡋࡓ. ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮,㟁〇ရ〇㐀㈍,ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⏝ရᗑ,᭩ᗑ➼ࡢᑠࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ,ࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥࡸ࢝ࣇ࢙➼ࡢ 㣧㣗,⮬ື㌴♫➼ࡢ〇㐀,㎰ᅬ➼ࡢ㎰ᴗ,Ꮫᰯ⤥㣗ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡸᑵᏛ๓Ꮫᰯ➼ࡢᩍ⫱,㧗㱋⪅ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣒࣍➼ࡢ⚟ ♴,ᅗ᭩㤋,㒑౽ᒁ,ᩍ➼ࡢබົ,ࢦࣝࣇሙ,࣮࣎ࣜࣥࢢሙ,ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢡࣛࣈ,࣮࢜ࢡࢩࣙࣥ♫,Ύᤲ♫,ࣜࢧࢡ ࣝࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ,࣋ࣥࢺ♫,ᗈ࿌♫ࡢࢧ࣮ࣅࢫᴗ࠸ࡗࡓከᵝ࡞⫋ሙ༠ຊࡍࡿ11. 㸱㸬㸴㸬ᴗ࠾ࡅࡿᐇ⩦ᑵປ ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎಶู࡛ᴗᐇ⩦ࡸᑵປᨭࢆᐇࡍࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿ.ᴗࡣබⓗᶵ㛵ࡸẸ㛫ᴗ࡛࠶ࡾ,ᐇ ⩦㛫ࡸᮇ㛫,ෆᐜࡶከᵝタᐃࡍࡿ.ࡑࢀࡽࡣࠕປാ࠾ࡅࡿಶูᨭࠖࡤࢀࡿ.ྛேࡢ┠ᶆ⬟ຊᛂ ࡌ࡚άືෆᐜࡸሙᡤࡢㄪᩚࢆ⾜࠺.ᴗᐇ⩦ࡢ㝿ࡣ,ᴗࡸࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥປാᕷሙᗇ,ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ♫ಖ㝤ᙜᒁ ࡶ༠ຊࡍࡿ. ᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡽࡢ⛣⾜ᨭࡣ,ປാᕷሙ࠾ࡅࡿࠕᡓ␎ࠖࡋ࡚⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡿ.ᴗᐇ⩦࡛ࡣᴗࡸࢫ࢙࣮࢘ ࢹࣥປാᕷሙᗇ,ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ♫ಖ㝤ᙜᒁࡀ㐃ᦠࡍࡿ.᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡣࠕ⛣⾜ᮇࠖࢆពࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ,ྍ⬟࡞㝈ࡾ୍ ⯡ᑵປࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ12. 㸱㸬㸵㸬᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡢ┠ᶆෆᐜ ࣃࢸࣞᕷ࡛ࡣ⣙ 100 ேࡢ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅᪥୰άືࢆಖ㞀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ.ಶࠎࡢ┠ᶆ,⬟ຊ,ࢽ࣮ࢬᇶ࡙࠸࡚ᮏே ࡶಶูࡢィ⏬ࢆసᡂࡍࡿ.࡚ࡢேࡀ⮬❧ࡋࡓⰋ࠸ே⏕ࢆྍ⬟࡞㝈ࡾ㏦ࡿࡇࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚,┠ᶆࡀලయࡉࢀࡿ ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ.ࡲࡓࡑࡢ㝿ࡣ♫࠾ࡅࡿ⤫ྜ(ࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ)ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆព㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ13. ᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡣ㍍సᴗࡢ,㐀ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡸ㝡ჾ,⦅≀,⤮⏬,⣬ᕤ➼ࡢⱁ⾡ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ➼ࡀ࠶ࡿ.సရࡣࢥ࣮ࣄ࣮ࡸ ㍍㣗ࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿᗑ⯒ࠕࢠ࣮࡛ࣕࣛࣜࠖᒎ♧࣭㈍ࡍࡿ.
┿ 9 ࢠ࣮ࣕࣛࣜධཱྀ ┿ 10 ࢠ࣮ࣕࣛࣜ㈍సရ ┿ 11 ࢠ࣮࡛ࣕࣛࣜࡢࢱࢵࢳࣃࢿࣝࣞࢪ ┿ 12 ࢠ࣮࡛ࣕࣛࣜࡢࢱࢵࢳࣃࢿࣝࣞࢪ 㸲㸬⪃ᐹ ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡣἲᐃ㞠⏝⋡ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ,ᴗࡣ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢆ㞠⏝ࡋࡓሙྜ,ᅜࡽ⤥⿵ຓ㔠ࢆཷ⤥ࡍࡿไᗘࢆά⏝ ࡛ࡁࡿ.ࡋࡋࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣛࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡶ༢⣧సᴗࡣᅜෆࡽᾘኻࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࡓࡵ , 㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ㞠⏝ࢆ⥔ᣢ࣭ฟࡍࡿࡇࡣᐜ࡛᫆ࡣ࡞࠸.௨ୗ㏆ᖺࡢࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡢᴫせࢆ♧ࡍ. 2006 ᖺࡣ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࢆ༞ᴗࡋࡓ⏕ᚐࡢ⣙⣙ 17㸣ࡋᑵປ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓ.ࡲࡓ 2006 ᖺࡢ⤥⿵ຓ㔠࡞ࡋ࡛ ࡢ㞠⏝ࡢྜࡣ 3㸣ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿ.୍᪉࡛,▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࡢ⏕ᚐࡢྜࡣ 1968 ᖺࡽ 1990 ᖺࡣ 0,6-0,7 %࡛࠶ ࡗࡓࡀ,2007 ᖺࡣ 1,6 %ቑຍࡋࡓ.ྠᮇ㛫ᨭ࡞ࡋ࡛ປാᕷሙཧධࡍࡿ⏕ᚐࡣ,⣙ 20㸣ࡽ⣙ 3㸣ᛴ⃭ ῶᑡࡋࡓ.ቑຍࡋࡓ༞ᴗ⏕ࡣ௨๓ࡢࢹࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡛࠶ࡿ᪥ᖖάືಖ㞀⛣⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ.ࡑࡢྜࡣ 1970 ᖺࡢ⤊ࢃ ࡾࡽಸቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ14. ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹ࡛ࣥࡣࢯ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࢆᶆᴶࡋ,᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡽ୍⯡ᑵປࡢ⛣⾜ᨭࡀ╔ᡭࡉࢀ ࡚࠸ࡓ.༢⣧సᴗࡸ⎔ቃᩚഛࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ,ႚⲔᗑࡸⱁ⾡ရࡢస࣭㈍,㈙࠸≀ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡞ேὶࡍࡿᑵປࡶಖ 㞀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ. ᑵປ⏕άࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡣᕷࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥປാᕷሙᗇ➼ࡢᅜ,ࡑࡋ࡚ EU ࡢ㐃ᦠࡼࡿࢯ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪ ࣙࣥᐇ⌧ࡢヨࡳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ. ᚋࡣࢧ࣒ࣁࣝ౫Ꮡࡍࡿࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ,ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ྛᆅᇦ࡛ࡢࢯ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥᐇ⌧ࡢࡓࡵࡢᣮᡓ ࡀ࠸ࡗࡑ࠺㔜せ࡞ࡿ. ࡼࡗ࡚ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹ࣭ࣥࣃࢸࣞᕷ࠾ࡅࡿ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢᑵປᨭ,ࡃ,᪥୰άືಖ㞀ࡽ୍⯡ᑵປࡢ⛣⾜ᨭ ὀ┠ࡍࡿ௨ୗࡀ㔜どࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃ᐹࡋࡓ.➨୍ྛᆅᇦ࡛ࢯ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵࡢᣮᡓࢆ ⥆ࡅࡿࡇ,➨ᑵປᣐⅬࢆタ⨨ࡋ࡚ࢪࣙࣈࢥ࣮ࢳࡶᑵປᨭ࣭⏕άᨭࢆಖ㞀ࡍࡿࡇ,➨୕㍍㣗ࡢᥦ ౪ࡸၟရ㈍ࢆ⾜࠺୍⯡㛤ᨺࡉࢀࡓ⫋ሙࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡇ,➨ᅄᴗᑵປࡣࢢ࣮ࣝࣉಶู࡛ᡓ␎ⓗಁ㐍ࡍࡿ ࡇ,➨ࠕⱁ⾡ࠖࡶྵࡵࡓᮏேࡢ⯆㛵ᚰࢆᑵປෆᐜᫎࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿ.
㸳㸬ㅰ㎡
ᮏ◊✲ㄪᰝࡈ༠ຊ࠸ࡓ ࡔ࠸ࡓ 2MHUVM¸ V¦UVNROD ࡢ Kristina R¾dow ᰯ㛗,Kerstin Eriksson ᩍ㢌,Maria Mossberg ᩍ㢌,.HUVLQ5RV«Q ≉ูᩍဨグࡋ࡚࠾♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡿ.
ト࣭ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ 1 OjHUVM¸V¦UVNROD8WLDUEHWVOLYHW9X[HQXQGHUYLVQLQJRFKDUEHWHI¸ULQGLYLGHUPHGIXQNWLRQVKLQGUHW XWYHFNOLQJVVW¸UQLQJ㧗▱ᏛⓎ㐩㞀ᐖ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᅜ㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ᥦ♧㈨ᩱ. 2 ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥḢᕞ♫ᇶ㔠 HP, http://www.esf.se/sv/Projektbank/Behallare-for-projekt/Vastsverige/Projekt-arbetsliv/(2012 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 14 ᪥ ཧ↷). 3 1 ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࢡ࣮ࣟࢼࡣ 11.69 (2012 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 14 ᪥⌧ᅾ). 4 ๓ᥖ 2.
5 Partille Kommun,Project Working Life. 6 ๓ᥖ 5. 7 ࢯ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡣ,ཌ⏕┬(2000 ᖺᙜ)ࡢࠕ♫ⓗ࡞ㆤࢆせࡍࡿேࠎᑐࡍࡿ♫⚟♴ࡢ࠶ ࡾ᪉㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウࠖሗ࿌᭩ࡼࡿࠕ࡚ࡢேࠎࢆᏙ⊂ࡸᏙ❧,㝖ࡸᦶ᧿ࡽㆤࡋ,ᗣ࡛ᩥⓗ࡞⏕άࡢᐇ ⌧ࡘ࡞ࡆࡿࡼ࠺,♫ࡢᵓᡂဨࡋ࡚ໟࡳᨭ࠼ྜ࠺ࠖつᐃࡉࢀࡿ.ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡸ EU ࡢᒎ㛤ࡣ,࠼ࡤⰪ⏣ᩥ⏨ (2006)ࢯ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡢᨻ⟇ⓗྲྀ⤌ࡳࡢ⌧≧ᑗ᮶ : EU,ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ,ࢻࢶ,ࢠࣜࢫࡢྲྀ⤌ ࡳ᪥ᮏࡢᨻ⟇ࡢྵពࠗἲᏛㄽ㞟࠘57(1):508[1]-468[41],Ⱚ⏣ᩥ⏨(2007)EU ࠾ࡅࡿࢯ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝࣥࢡ ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥᨻ⟇ࡢ᭱᪂ືྥ᪥ᮏࡢ♧၀ࠗἲᏛㄽ㞟࠘58(1):490[1]-440[51]࡞ࡀ࠶ࡿ. 8 ๓ᥖ 5. 9 ࣃࢸࣞᕷ㞀ᐖ⪅ᨭ HP, http://www.partille.se/sv/Invanarservice/Funktionshinder/Dagl ig-verksamhet/(2012 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 14 ᪥ཧ↷). 10 3DUWLOOH.RPPXQY§UGRFKRPVRUJVI¸UYDOWQLQJHQ'DJOLJYHUNVDPKHWL3DUWLOOH 11 3DUWLOOH.RPPXQ'DJOLJYHUNVDPKHWVDPDUEHWDUEODQGDQQDWPHGGHVVDI¸UHWDJ 12 ๓ᥖ 10. 13 ๓ᥖ 5.
14 Jerry Rosenqvist,Increased segregation in working life and education in spite of anti-discrimination
rules and legislation,2012,㧗▱ᏛⓎ㐩㞀ᐖ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᅜ㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ᥦ♧㈨ᩱ.
!"#$%&#'()*(+,-./01 !")$%&)+-)*-),2(/34
