Effects of high molecular weight glutenin subunits composition and protein content

(1)

᪥ᮏ㯝⏝ࢥ࣒ࢠ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ

㧗ศᏊ㔞ࢢࣝࢸࢽࣥࢧࣈࣘࢽࢵࢺᵓᡂ㸪 ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ྵ᭷⋡ࡀ〇㯝㐺ᛶ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪

Effects of high molecular weight glutenin subunits composition and protein content

on noodle quality in Japanese soft wheat

Ώ㑔㸦㇂୰㸧⨾㈗Ꮚ

㸰㸮㸯㸵

(2)

⥴

⥴ ゝ ... - 1 -

➨ 1 ❶ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ 㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ➨ 1 ⠇ ⥴ ゝ ... - 10-

➨ 2 ⠇ ᮦ ᩱ ཬ ࡧ ᪉ ἲ ... - 12-

➨ 3 ⠇ ⤖ ᯝ ... - 19-

➨ 4 ⠇ ⪃ ᐹ ... - 31-

➨ 2 ❶ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ 㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ 〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ➨ 1 ⠇ ⥴ ゝ ... - 36-

➨ 2 ⠇ ᮦ ᩱ ཬ ࡧ ᪉ ἲ ... - 38-

➨ 3 ⠇ ⤖ ᯝ ... - 41-

➨ 4 ⠇ ⪃ ᐹ ... - 48-

⥲ ྜ ⪃ ᐹ ... - 55 -

᦬ せ ... - 67 -

Summary ... - 70 -

ㅰ ㎡ ... - 74 -

ᘬ ⏝ ᩥ ⊩ ... - 75 -

ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡢ ᇶ ♏ ࡜ ࡞ ࡿ ㄽ ᩥ ┠ 㘓 ... - 89 -

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- 1 -

⥴

⥴ ゝ

ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡣ ୡ ⏺ ࡛ ᭱ ࡶ ከ ࡃ స ௜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ✐ ≀ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ⏕ ⏘ 㔞

ࡣ 2 0 1 5 / 1 6 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ 7 ൨ 3 ༓ ୓ ࢺ ࣥ ࡟ ࡢ ࡰ ࡿ ( FA O 2 0 1 7 )㸬 ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡣ

〇 ⢊ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࡜ ࡞ ࡾ 㸪 Ⳬ Ꮚ 㸪 ࠺ ࡝ ࢇ 㸪 ࣛ ࣮ ࣓ ࣥ 㸪 ࣃ ࣥ ➼ ࡢ ᵝ ࠎ

࡞ 〇 ရ ࡟ ຍ ᕤ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ 㸬 ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡀ ᵝ ࠎ ࡞ ⏝ ㏵ ࡬ ࡜ ຍ ᕤ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࡢ ࡣ 㸪 ࢥ

࣒ ࢠ ࡀ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࣥ ࡜ ࿧ ࡤ ࢀ ࡿ ⢓ ᙎ ᛶ ࡟ ᐩ ࢇ ࡔ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࢆ ᭷ ࡍ ࡿ ࠿ ࡽ

࡛ ࠶ ࡿ 㸬ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ⏕ ᆅ ࡢ ≀ ⌮ ᛶ ࡣ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࣥ ࢆ ᵓ ᡂ ࡍ ࡿ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ͆ 㔞 ͇

࡜ ͆ ㉁ ͇ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ Ỵ ࡲ ࡿ ( F i n n e y a n d B a r m o r e 1 9 4 8 , B r a n l a r d a n d D a r d e v e t 1 9 8 5 , P a y n e ࡽ 1 9 8 7 )㸬

ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ͆ 㔞 ͇ ࡣ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࡢ ຍ ᕤ 㐺 ᛶ ࢆ Ỵ ࡵ ࡿ 㔜せ ࡞ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ 㸬 Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ 㸪

㎰ ᯘ Ỉ ⏘ ┬ ࡢ ⤒ Ⴀ ᡤ ᚓ Ᏻ ᐃ ᑐ ⟇ ࡢ ⏿ స ≀ ࡢ ┤ ᥋ ᨭ ᡶ ஺ ௜ 㔠 ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ

ရ ㉁ホ ౯ ᇶ ‽ (㎰ ᯘ Ỉ ⏘ ┬ 2 0 1 7 ) ࡢ ホ ౯ 㡯 ┠ ࡢ 㸯 ࡘ ࡜ ࡞ ࡗ ࡚ ࠾ ࡾ 㸪

⏝ ㏵ ู ࡟ Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ᇶ ‽ ್ ࡜ チ ᐜ ್ ࡀ つ ᐃ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸬 ᇶ ‽ ್ ࡣ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࡛ 9 . 7㸣㹼 11 . 3㸣㸪 ࣃ ࣥ ࣭ ୰ ⳹ 㯝 ⏝ ࡛ 11 . 5㸣㹼

1 4 . 0㸣 ࡜ ࡞ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸬す ᪥ ᮏ ᆅ ᇦ ࡛ ⏕ ⏘ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡣ Ỉ ⏣ ⿬ స ࡜

ࡋ ࡚ ᱂ ᇵ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ሙ ྜ ࡀ ከ ࡃ 㸪 Ỉ ⏣ ࡛ ᱂ ᇵ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡣ ⏿ ࡛ ᱂ ᇵ ࡉ

ࢀ ࡓ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡟ ẚ ࡭ ࡚ Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ ప ࡃ ࡞ ࡾ ࡀ ࡕ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡓ

ࡵ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ᇶ ‽ ್ ࢆ ‶ ࡓ ࡍ ࡓ ࡵ ࡢ ᱂ ᇵ ᪉ ἲ ࡀ ᣦ ᑟ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸬 Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ

ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ ฟ ✑ ᮇ ௨ 㝆 ࡢ ❅ ⣲ ㏣ ⫧ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ຠ ࡟ 㧗 ࡲ ࡾ (Ụ ཱྀ

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- 2 -

ࡽ 1 9 6 9 )㸪 ฟ ✑ 1 0 ᪥ ᚋ 㸦㛤 ⰼ ᮇ 㡭㸧 ࡟ 1 0 a ࠶ ࡓ ࡾ ❅ ⣲ ࢆ 1 k g ㏣ ⫧

ࡍ ࡿ ࡜ ⣙ 0 . 5 ࣏ ࢖ ࣥ ࢺ 㧗 ࡲ ࡿ (㧗 ᒣ ࡽ 2 0 0 4 )㸬 Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷

⋡ ࡀ 㧗 ࡲ ࡿ ࡜ 㸪 ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡀ ᙉ ࡃ ࡞ ࡾ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪〇 ࣃ ࣥ ᛶ ࡀ ྥ ୖ ࡍ

ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( F i n n e y a n d B a r m o r e 1 9 4 8 , T i p p l e s a n d K i l b o r n 1 9 7 4 , ᒾ ῡ ࡽ 2 0 0 7 )㸬㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ࡢ ❅ ⣲ ㏣ ⫧ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ 㧗 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ

㉁ ໬ ࡣ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ 㔞 ⓗ ᨵ ၿ ࡟ ࡣ ᭷ ຠ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡀ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ

࡛ ࡣ ฟ ✑ ᮇ ௨ 㝆 ࡢ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⫧ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ⏕ ᆅ ࡢ ᙅ ໬ ᗘ ࡀ ቑ ຍ ࡋ 㸪 ఙ 㛗 ᢬ ᢠ ࡀ ప ୗ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ (Ụ ཱྀ ࡽ 1 9 6 9 )㸪㧗 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ໬ ࡍ ࡿ ࡔ ࡅ ࡛

ࡣ ࣃ ࣥ ⏝ ࡟ 㐺 ࡋ ࡓ ࡶ ࡢ ࡟ ࡣ ࡞ ࡽ ࡞ ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪㉁ ⓗ ᨵ ၿ ࡟ ࡣ ຠ ᯝ ࡀ

࡞ ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ (㧗 ᒣ ࡽ 2 0 0 4 )㸬 ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ฟ ✑ ᚋ ࡢ ❅ ⣲ ㏣

⫧ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ 㧗 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ໬ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࣥ ࢆ ᵓ ᡂ ࡍ ࡿ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࡜ ࢢ

ࣜ ࢔ ࢪ ࣥ ࡢ ࠺ ࡕ 㸪 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࣥ ࡢ ఙ ᒎ ᛶ ࡟ 㛵 ୚ ࡍ ࡿ ࢢ ࣜ ࢔ ࢪ ࣥ ࡀ ኱ ࡁ ࡃ

ቑ ຍ ࡋ 㸪 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࣥ ࡢ ᙎ ᛶ ࡟ 㛵 ୚ ࡍ ࡿ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࡢ ࢢ ࣜ ࢔ ࢪ ࣥ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ

ࡿ ๭ ྜ ࡀ ῶ ᑡ ࡍ ࡿ (ᮌ ᮧ ࡽ 2 0 0 1 )㸬⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡣ 㸪㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ࡢ ❅ ⣲ ㏣ ⫧ 㸪

࠶ ࡿ ࠸ ࡣ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ྥ ୖ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ရ ✀ 㛫

࡛ ␗ ࡞ ࡾ (ᒾ ῡ ࡽ 2 0 0 7㸪㇂ ୰ ࡽ 2 0 11 )㸪 ࡇ ࢀ ࡟ 㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡀ ᙳ 㡪 ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ

( Ta k a t a ࡽ 2 0 0 2 )㸬

ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ͆ ㉁ ͇ ࡣ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࣥ ࢆ ᵓ ᡂ ࡍ ࡿ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࡸ ࢢ ࣜ ࢔ ࢪ

ࣥ ࡞ ࡝ ࡢ 㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ᆺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡸ ࡑ ࡢ ⤌ ᡂ ẚ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ Ỵ ᐃ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ( B r a n l a r d

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- 3 -

a n d D a r d e v e t 1 9 8 5 , P a y n e ࡽ 1 9 8 7 )㸬 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࡣ 㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ

ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡜ ప ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡟ ศ ࡅ ࡽ ࢀ 㸪

㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡣ 1 A , 1 B , 1 D ᰁ Ⰽ య ࡢ 㛗 ⭎ ࡟ ᗙ

஌ ࡍ ࡿ 3 ࡘ ࡢ G l u - 1 ᗙ (G l u - A 1, G l u - B 1, G l u - D 1)࡟ 㸪ప ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡣ 1 A , 1 B , 1 D ᰁ Ⰽ య ࡢ ▷ ⭎ ࡟ ᗙ ஌ ࡍ ࡿ 3 ࡘ ࡢ G l u - 3 ᗙ (G l u - A 3, G l u - B 3, G l u - D 3)࡟ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ᨭ 㓄 ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ 㸬G l u - A 1

ᗙ ࡟ ᨭ 㓄 ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ (௨ ୗ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ

ࢵ ࢺ) ࡢ ୰ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 Ḟ ኻ ᆺ (G l u - A 1 c) ࡣ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡀ ᙅ ࡃ 㸪〇 ࣃ ࣥ ᛶ ࡀ

ప ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ▱ ࡽ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( P a y n e ࡽ 1 9 7 9 , M o o n e n ࡽ 1 9 8 2 )㸬G l u - B 1 ᗙ ࡟ ᨭ 㓄 ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ (௨ ୗ 㸪G l u - B 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ

ࢵ ࢺ) ࡢ ୰ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 7 ࡢ 㐣 ๫ Ⓨ ⌧ ᆺ (G l u - B 1 a l) ࡸ ࢧ ࣈ

ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 7 + 1 8 (G l u - B 1 i) ࡣ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࢆ ᙉ ࡵ ࡿ ຠ ᯝ ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ

࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( M a r c h y l o ࡽ 1 9 9 2 , Ta k a t a ࡽ 2 0 0 0 , B u t o wࡽ 2 0 0 3 )㸬 G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࡟ ᨭ 㓄 ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ (௨ ୗ 㸪 G l u - D 1 ᗙ

ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ) ࡢ ୰ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 5 + 1 0 (G l u - D 1 d) ࡣ ⏕ ᆅ ≀

ᛶ ࢆ ᙉ ࡵ 㸪〇 ࣃ ࣥ ᛶ ࢆ 㧗 ࡵ ࡿ ຠ ᯝ ࡀ 㧗 ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( P a y n e ࡽ 1 9 7 9 , M o o n e n ࡽ 1 9 8 2 , B r a n l a r d a n d D a r d e v e t 1 9 8 5 , L a w r e n c e ࡽ 1 9 8 7 , P a y n e ࡽ 1 9 8 7 , Ta k a t a ࡽ 2 0 0 0 , 2 0 0 2 )㸬 ࡲ ࡓ 㸪

ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 (G l u - D 1 f) ࡣ す ᪥ ᮏ ࡢ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࡀ ᣢ ࡘ ୡ ⏺ ⓗ ࡟ ࡲ ࢀ ࡞ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ ( P a y n e a n d L a w r e n c e

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- 4 -

1 9 8 3 )㸪ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 5 + 1 0 (G l u - D 1 d)㸪ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 + 1 2 (G l u - D 1 a)

ࡼ ࡾ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡀ ᙅ ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᫂ ࡽ ࠿ ࡟ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( Ta k a t a ࡽ 2 0 0 0 ,

2 0 0 2 )㸬 ప ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ ୰ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 G l u - A 3 ᗙ ࡢ

G l u - A 3 b ࡸ G l u - A 3 d ࡀ 㸪G l u - B 3 ᗙ ࡢ G l u - B 3 g ࡸ G l u - B 3 b ࡀ ⏕ ᆅ ≀

ᛶ ࢆ ᙉ ࡵ ࡿ ຠ ᯝ ࡀ 㧗 ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ▱ ࡽ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( G u p t a ࡽ 1 9 9 1 , G u p t a

ࡽ 1 9 9 4 , Ta b i k i ࡽ 2 0 0 6 , I t o ࡽ 2 0 11 , Z h a n g ࡽ 2 0 1 2 )㸬

᪥ ᮏ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡢ స ௜ 㠃 ✚ ࡣ ᖹ ᡂ 2 7 ᖺ ⏘ ࡛ 2 1 ୓ 3 1 0 0 h a ࡛

࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ⏕ ⏘ 㔞 ࡣ 1 0 0 . 4 ୓ ࢺ ࣥ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ (㎰ ᯘ Ỉ ⏘ ┬ 2 0 1 6 a )㸬 ୍ ᪉ 㸪 ᖹ

ᡂ 2 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡢ ᾏ እ ࠿ ࡽ ࡢ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡢ ㍺ ධ 㔞 ࡣ 5 6 6 ୓ ࢺ ࣥ ࡛ 㸪 ⮬ ⤥ ⋡ ࡣ 1 5㸣 ࡜ ࡞ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ (㎰ ᯘ Ỉ ⏘ ┬ 2 0 1 6 b )㸬 ᪥ ᮏ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡣ ⏿ స ࡔ

ࡅ ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࡃ 㸪 Ỉ ⏣ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ㌿ స స ≀ 㸪 Ỉ ⏣ ⿬ స ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ స ௜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠾

ࡾ 㸪㍯ స య ⣔ ࡢ 1 స ≀ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 㔜せ ࡞ ᙺ ๭ ࢆ ᯝ ࡓ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸬 ᪥ ᮏ ࡢ ࢥ

࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࡢ ከ ࡃ ࡣ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᅜ ⏘ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡢ

౑ ⏝ ๭ ྜ ࡣ ⣙ 㸵 ๭ ࡟ 㐩 ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ୍ ᪉ 㸪 ࣃ ࣥ ⏝ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᅜ ⏘ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡢ

౑ ⏝ ๭ ྜ ࡣ 1 ๭ ᮍ ‶ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ (㎰ ᯘ Ỉ ⏘ ┬ 2 0 11 )㸬㏆ ᖺ 㸪 ࣃ ࣥ ࣭ ୰ ⳹

㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡢ స ௜ 㠃 ✚ ࡣ 㸪 ᬮ ᆅ ࡛ ࡶ ᱂ ᇵ ྍ ⬟ ࡞ ࣃ ࣥ ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࡀ ⫱ ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࡁ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ࡲ ࡓ 㸪㎰ ᯘ Ỉ ⏘ ┬ ࡢ ⤒ Ⴀ ᡤ ᚓ Ᏻ ᐃ ᑐ ⟇ ࡢ ⏿ స ≀ ࡢ ┤ ᥋ ᨭ ᡶ ஺ ௜ 㔠 ࡢ ᩘ 㔞 ᡶ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ࣃ ࣥ ࣭ ୰ ⳹ 㯝 ⏝ ရ ✀ ຍ

⟬ ( 2 , 3 0 0 ෇ 㸭6 0 k g ) ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ (㎰ ᯘ Ỉ ⏘ ┬ 2 0 1 7 )㸪 ቑ ຍ ࡢ

୍ ㏵ ࡟ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ࣃ ࣥ ࣭ ୰ ⳹ 㯝 ⏝ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᅜ ⏘ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡢ ౑ ⏝ ๭ ྜ ࡢ ྥ ୖ

(7)

- 5 -

࡟ ㈉ ⊩ ࡋ ࡘ ࡘ ࠶ ࡿ 㸬

᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࡢ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡣ ᅜ ⏘ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡢ ኱ 㒊 ศ ࢆ ༨ ࡵ ࡿ ࡀ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࡟

㍺ ධ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ 㖭 ᯶ ࡢ A S W (࢜ ࣮ ࢫ ࢺ ࣛ ࣜ ࢔ ⏘ ࢫ ࢱ ࣥ ࢲ ࣮ ࢻ

࣍ ࣡ ࢖ ࢺ) ࡜ ẚ ࡭ ࡚ 㸪〇 ⢊ ᛶ ࡔ ࡅ ࡛ ࡞ ࡃ 㸪 Ⰽ ࡸ 㣗 ឤ 㸪 స ᴗ ᛶ ࡞ ࡝ ࡢ

〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡀ ຎ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ᨵ Ⰻ ࡀ ồ ࡵ ࡽ ࢀ ࡚ ࡁ ࡓ 㸬 ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ Ⰽ

┦ ࡜ 㣗 ឤ ࡣ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ࡢ ရ ㉁ ≉ ᛶ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ≉ ࡟ 㔜せ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 Ⰽ ┦ ࡣ

᫂ ࡿ ࡃ ෪ ࠼ ࡓ 㯤 Ⰽ ࡳ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ͆ ࢡ ࣜ ࣮ ࣑ ࣮ ࣍ ࣡ ࢖ ࢺ ͇ ࡀ Ⰻ ዲ ࡜ ࡉ ࢀ 㸪㣗 ឤ ࡣ ㌾ ࡽ ࠿ ࠸ ࡶ ࡢ ࡢ ⾲㠃 ࡢ ࠿ ࡓ ࡉ ࡀ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ⢓ ᙎ ᛶ ࡀ ࠶ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 ⁥ ࡽ

࠿ ࡞ 㣗 ឤ ࡀ ࡼ ࠸ ࡜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( C r o s b i e ࡽ 1 9 9 8 , H o u 2 0 0 1 )㸬

ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ Ⰽ ┦ ࡣ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࡢ Ⰽ ┦ ࡔ ࡅ ࡛ ࡞ ࡃ 㸪〇㯝 ᫬ ࡢ Ⰽ ┦ ຎ ໬ ࡢ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ཷ ࡅ ࡿ 㸬 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࡢ Ⰽ ┦ ࡣ 㸪 ࢟ ࢧ ࣥ ࢺ ࣇ ࢕ ࣝ ࡞ ࡝ ࡢ ࢝ ࣟ ࢸ ࣀ ࢖ ࢻ 㔞 ࡀ ቑ ࠼ ࡿ ࡜ 㯤 Ⰽ ࡳ ࡀ ቑ ࡋ 㸪〇 ⢊ ᫬ ࡟ ࡩ ࡍ ࡲ ࡢ ษ ࢀ ㎸ ࡳ ࡀ ቑ ࠼ ࡿ ࡜ 㸪

ࡲ ࡓ 㸪〇 ⢊ Ṍ ␃ ࡸ ⅊ ศ ྵ 㔞㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ 㧗 ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡜ 㸪 ᫂ ᗘ ࡀ ప ୗ ࡋ 㸪 ࡃ ࡍ ࡳ ࡀ ቑ ຍ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ▱ ࡽ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( M i s k e l l y 1 9 8 4 , O h ࡽ 1 9 8 5 , K r u g e r a n d R e e d 1 9 8 8 , C r o s b i e ࡽ 1 9 9 0 , B a i k ࡽ 1 9 9 5 ,

Yu n ࡽ 1 9 9 7 , 㧗 ᒣ ࡽ 2 0 0 4 )㸬 ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ⏕ 㯝 ࡸ ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ Ⰽ ┦ ࡣ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ୰

࡟ ྵ ࡲ ࢀ ࡿ ࣏ ࣜ ࣇ ࢙ ࣀ ࣮ ࣝ ࢜ ࢟ ࢩ ࢲ ࣮ ࢮ ࡞ ࡝ ࡢ 㓟 ໬ 㓝 ⣲ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪 ᫂ ᗘ ࡀ ప ୗ ࡋ 㸪ࡃ ࡍ ࡳ ࡀ ቑ ຍ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( B a i k ࡽ 1 9 9 5 , H o u 2 0 0 1 )㸬

ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ 㣗 ឤ ࡣ ୺ ࡟ ⃦ ⢊ ࡜ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ≉ ᛶ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ Ỵ ᐃ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ 㸬

(8)

- 6 -

ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ ⢓ ᙎ ᛶ ࡣ 㸪 ⃦ ⢊ ୰ ࡢ ࢔ ࣑ ࣟ ࣮ ࢫ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ ప ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡜ 㧗 ࡲ ࡾ ( O d a ࡽ 1 9 8 0 , To y o k a w a ࡽ 1 9 8 9 )㸪 ࢔ ࣑ ࣟ ࣮ ࢫ ྜ ᡂ ࡟ 㛵 ࢃ ࡿ W x - B 1

ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡚ ࢔ ࣑ ࣟ ࣮ ࢫ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ ࡸ ࡸ ప ࡃ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ ͆ ࡸ ࡸ ప

࢔ ࣑ ࣟ ࣮ ࢫ ͇ ࡀ ᭱ 㐺 ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡜ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( M i u r a a n d Ta n i i

1 9 9 4 , N a k a m u r a ࡽ 2 0 0 2 )㸬㏆ ᖺ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ⫱ ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ͆ ࡸ

ࡸ ప ࢔ ࣑ ࣟ ࣮ ࢫ ͇ࡢࠕ ࡩ ࡃ ࡯ ࡢ ࠿ ࠖࡸࠕ ࡁ ࡓ ࡯ ࡞ ࡳ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ࡁ ࡠ ࠶ ࠿ ࡾ ࠖ

࡞ ࡝ ࡢ ရ ✀ ࡣ 㸪 ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ ホ ౯ ࡀ 㧗 ࡃ 㸪〇 ⢊ ᛶ ࡸ Ⰽ ┦ ࡶ ᨵ ၿ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸

ࡿ (ᰗ ἑ ࡽ 2 0 0 7 , ⸨ ஭ ࡽ 2 0 0 9 , ▼ ᕝ ࡽ 2 0 11 )㸬

ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ ࠿ ࡓ ࡉ ࡣ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ͆ 㔞 ͇ ࢆ ⾲ ࡍ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ṇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࢆ ♧ ࡍ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( O h ࡽ 1 9 8 5 , B a i k

ࡽ 1 9 9 4 a㸪Yu n ࡽ 1 9 9 6㸪P a r k ࡽ 2 0 0 3㸪H u ࡽ 2 0 0 7 )㸬 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ

ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ 㧗 ࡲ ࡿ ࡜ 㸪〇㯝 ᫬ ࡢ స ᴗ ᛶ ࡶ ྥ ୖ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ

ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡀ ( P a r k a n d B a i k 2 0 0 9 )㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࡛ ࡣ Ⰽ ┦ ࡀ ᝏ ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ

࡜ ࢆ ᢚ ࠼ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ୰ ᗤ ࡀ ࡼ ࠸ ࡜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸬 ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ ࠿ ࡓ ࡉ ࡸ ࠿ ࡳ ᛂ ࠼ ࡢ ᙉ ࡉ ࢆ ⾲ ࡍ ᩘ ್ ࡣ 㸪ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ͆ 㔞 ͇࡜͆ ㉁ ͇ࢆ ཯ ᫎ ࡋ ࡓ 㸪

S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡸ ࣑ ࢟ ࢯ ࢢ ࣛ ࣇ ࡢ ࣑ ࢟ ࢩ ࣥ ࢢ ᫬ 㛫㸪 ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࡢ

㔞 ࡜ ṇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࢆ ♧ ࡍ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( B a i k ࡽ 1 9 9 4 b㸪Yu n ࡽ

1 9 9 6㸪H u ࡽ 2 0 0 7 )㸬 ⃦ ⢊ ࡜ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࣥ ࡢ ෌ ᵓ ᡂ ⢊ ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ స ᡂ ࡋ ࡓ

㯝 ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࡶ 㸪 ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡣ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࣥ ࡢ ≀ ᛶ ࡀ ᙉ ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡜ ࠿ ࡓ ࡃ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᫂ ࡽ ࠿ ࡟ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ (㇂ ⸨ ࡽ 2 0 0 3 )㸬 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ͆ ㉁ ͇ ࢆ

(9)

- 7 -

⾲ ࡍ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡀ 㸪 ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ 㣗 ឤ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ࡣ

࠶ ࡲ ࡾ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡞ ࠸ 㸬 ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ ࠿ ࡓ ࡉ ࡣ 㸪G l u - D 1 ^{ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ}

ࢵ ࢺ 5 + 1 0 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ࡜ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࡼ ࡾ ࠿ ࡓ ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡸ

( Ya n a k a ࡽ 2 0 0 7 )㸪G l u - B 3 ᗙ ࡸ G l u - D 3 ᗙࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡛ ␗

࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( P a r k ࡽ 2 0 11 , K a n g ࡽ 2 0 1 2 )㸬

᪥ ᮏ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࡣ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡛ ࡣ 1 ࠿ 㸪2 *࠿ 㸪 Ḟ ኻ ࡢ ࠸ ࡎ ࢀ ࠿ 㸪G l u - B 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡛ ࡣ 7 + 8㸪 G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡛ ࡣ 2 + 1 2 ࠿ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࡢ ࠸ ࡎ ࢀ ࠿ ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ሙ ྜ

ࡀ ከ ࠸ ( N a k a m u r a ࡽ 1 9 9 9 )㸬ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ ࠺ ࡕ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ Ḟ ኻ ࡣ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࢆ ᙅ ࡵ ( P a y n e ࡽ 1 9 7 9 , M o o n e n

ࡽ 1 9 8 2 )㸪G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࡣ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 + 1 2 ࡼ

ࡾ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡀ ᙅ ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᫂ ࡽ ࠿ ࡟ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( Ta k a t a ࡽ 2 0 0 0 ,

2 0 0 2 )㸬 ࡲ ࡓ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ 㸪 ࠿ ࡘ 㸪 G l u - D 1 ᗙ

ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ሙ ྜ 㸪 G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࡸ

G l u - D 1 ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 + 1 2 ࡜ ẚ ࡭ ࡚ 㸪ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࡀ 㔜 ྜ ࡋ ࡓ ୙ ⁐ ᛶ

࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ๭ ྜ ࡀ ప ࡃ 㸪 ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡀ ᭱ ࡶ ᙅ ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ (㧗 ⏣ ࡽ 2 0 0 8 )㸬 ࡇ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ရ ✀ ࡀ ᣢ ࡘ ࢢ

ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡀ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ ᫂ ࡽ

࠿ ࡟ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡀ 㸪〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡢ ሗ ࿌ ࡣ ぢ ᙜ ࡓ

ࡽ ࡞ ࠸ 㸬

(10)

- 8 -

Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ 㸪す ᪥ ᮏ ᆅ ᇦ ࡛ ࡣ ప ࡃ ࡞ ࡾ ࡀ ࡕ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡓ

ࡵ 㸪 ࣃ ࣥ ࣭ ୰ ⳹ 㯝 ⏝ ࡔ ࡅ ࡛ ࡞ ࡃ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࡶ ရ ㉁ ࣛ ࣥ ࢡ ༊

ศ ࡢ ᇶ ‽ ್ ࢆ ‶ ࡓ ࡍ ࡓ ࡵ 㸪㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ࡢ ❅ ⣲ ㏣ ⫧ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㧗 ࡵ ࡿ ྲྀ ࡾ ⤌ ࡳ ࡀ ࡞ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸬 ࡋ ࠿ ࡋ 㸪 ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡣ 㸪 ရ ✀ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ࡢ ❅

⣲ ㏣ ⫧ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ྥ ୖ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ရ ✀ 㛫 ࡛ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡸ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ

㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ྥ ୖ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ (ᒾ ῡ ࡽ 2 0 0 7 , ㇂ ୰ ࡽ 2 0 11 )㸬ࡉ ࡽ ࡟ 㸪㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ

ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ

ྥ ୖ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡶ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( Ta k a t a ࡽ 2 0 0 2 )㸬㇂ ୰ ࡽ

( 2 0 11 ) ࡣ 㸪4 ရ ✀ ࡢ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ヨ ᩱ ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪

G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ရ ✀ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷

⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ 㸪 ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡢ ྥ ୖ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ᑠ ࡉ ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࢆ ሗ ࿌ ࡋ ࡚

࠸ ࡿ 㸬 ࡋ ࡓ ࡀ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ

ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࢀ ࡤ 〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷

⋡ ࢆ 㧗 ࡵ ࡚ ࡶ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡸ 〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡀ ྥ ୖ ࡋ ࡞ ࠸ ሙ ྜ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ⪃

࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ 㸬

ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡣ 㸪 ௨ ୖ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ⫼ ᬒ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡜ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡀ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

⤌ ᡂ ࡸ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ 㸪 ࡑ ࡋ ࡚ ᭱ ⤊ ⓗ ࡞ ຍ ᕤ ရ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ 〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡬ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ᫂ ࡽ ࠿ ࡟ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࢆ ┠ ⓗ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 ⏕

(11)

- 9 -

ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡬ ࡢ ຠ ᯝ ࡀ ኱ ࡁ ࠸ 㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡟ ὀ ┠ ࡋ 㸪

᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࡛ ࡼ ࡃ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ᵓ ᡂ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ 㸪G l u - A 1 ^{ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ}

ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࡜ Ḟ ኻ ᆺ 㸪G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 + 1 2 ࡜ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࡟ ὀ ┠ ࡋ 㸪ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ௨ እ ࡢ 㑇 ఏ ⓗ せ ᅉ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ᕪ ␗ ࢆ ᤼ 㝖 ࡍ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ 㸪 ‽ ྠ ㉁㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ⣔ ⤫

ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ 㸬 ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࢆ ไ ᚚ ࡍ ࡿ ᪉ ἲ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ⏝ ࠸

ࡽ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ࡢ ❅ ⣲ ㏣ ⫧ ࢆ 㸪 ᪋ ⏝ 㔞 ࢆ ኚ ࠼ ࡚ ᱂ ᇵ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ࡼ

ࡾ 㸪 Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ヨ ᩱ ࢆ ᚓ ࡓ 㸬 ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ヨ ᩱ ࢆ ⏝

࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ➨ 1 ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡸ ຍ ᕤ 㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ኱ ࡁ ࡞ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᑠ 㯏

⢊ ୰ ࡢ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࢆ ゎ ᯒ ࡋ 㸪 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡸ ࢱ

ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ᕪ ␗ ࢆ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ➨ 2 ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡢ ホ ౯ ࡜ 〇㯝ヨ㦂 ࢆ ⾜ ࠸ 㸪 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡸ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ

᭷ ⋡ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ᕪ ␗ ࢆ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪㑇 ఏ ⓗ せ ᅉ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡜ 㸪

⎔ ቃ ⓗ せ ᅉ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ᪋ ⫧ ᮲ ௳ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ ኱ ࡁ ࡃ ኚ ື ࡍ ࡿ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷

⋡ ࡀ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡸ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ 㸪〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ᫂ ࡽ ࠿

࡟ ࡍ ࡿ 㸬 ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ▱ ぢ ࡣ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࡢ ⫱ ᡂ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㑅 ᢤ ࡢ ᣦ ᶆ ࢆ ᚓ ࡿ ୖ ࡛ 㸪 ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ရ ✀ ࡜ ࡑ ࡢ ⏝ ㏵ ࡟ ᛂ ࡌ ࡓ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᱂ ᇵ ᪉ ἲ ࢆ

᳨ ウ ࡍ ࡿ ୖ ࡛ ࡶ 㔜せ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ⫱ ✀ ⓗ ࣭ ᱂ ᇵ ⓗ ࡟ ௒ ᚋ ࡢ ᅜ ⏘ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡢ ရ ㉁ ྥ ୖ ࡟ ࡘ ࡞ ࡀ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᮇ ᚅ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ 㸬

(12)

- 10 -

➨

➨ ❶ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ 㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪

➨ 1 ⠇ ⥴ ゝ

ᮏ ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࡜ G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࡢ ࢢ

ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡜ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡀ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ

㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ᫂ ࡽ ࠿ ࡟ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࢆ ┠ ⓗ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࡜

G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࡢ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡢ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ‽ ྠ ㉁㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ⣔

⤫ ࢆ 㸪㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ㏣ ⫧ 㔞 ࢆ ኚ ࠼ ࡚ ᱂ ᇵ ࡋ 㸪 ᚓ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷

⋡ ࡢ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࢆ 2 ᖺ ࡟ ࢃ ࡓ ࡾ ホ ౯ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

‽ ྠ ㉁㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ⣔ ⤫ ࡣ 㸪 ┠ ⓗ ࡜ ࡍ ࡿ ᙧ ㉁ ࡲ ࡓ ࡣ 㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ࡢ 㑅 ᢤ ࡜ ᡠ ࡋ

஺ 㓄 ࢆ ⧞ ࡾ ㏉ ࡍ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㛤 Ⓨ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ┠ ⓗ ࡜ ࡍ ࡿ ᙧ

㉁ ࡲ ࡓ ࡣ 㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ௨ እ ࡣ 㸪㑇 ఏ ⓗ ࡟ ཯ ᚟ ぶ ࡜ ࡯ ࡰ ྠ ୍ ࡜ ࡳ ࡞ ࡍ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ

࡛ ࡁ ࡿ 㸬 ࡇ ࡢ ⣔ ⤫ ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪 ┠ ⓗ ࡜ ࡍ ࡿ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ

ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ௨ እ ࡢ 㑇 ఏ ⓗ せ ᅉ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ᕪ ␗ ࢆ ᤼ 㝖 ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡣ 㸪G u p t a ࡽ ( 1 9 9 3 ) ࡢ ᪉ ἲ ࢆ ୍ 㒊 ኚ ᭦ ࡋ ࡓ

Y a n a k a ࡽ ( 2 0 0 7 ) ࡢ ᪉ ἲ ࡟ ᚑ ࡗ ࡚ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ࡇ ࡢ ᪉ ἲ ࡣ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ୰

ࡢ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࢆ 㸪 ⏺ 㠃 ά ᛶ ๣ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࢻ ࢹ ࢩ ࣝ ◲ 㓟 ࢼ ࢺ ࣜ ࢘ ࣒ ( S D S )

(13)

- 11 -

࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ⁐ ゎ ᛶ ࡛ ྍ ⁐ ᛶ ࡜ ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࡟ ศ ⏬ ࡋ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ᚋ 㸪 ࢧ ࢖ ࢬ ᤼ 㝖㧗

㏿ ᾮ య ࢡ ࣟ ࣐ ࢺ ࢢ ࣛ ࣇ ࢕ ࣮ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࡛ ศ ⏬ ࡋ 㸪 ᐃ 㔞 ࡍ ࡿ ᪉ ἲ ࡛

࠶ ࡿ (➨ 1 ᅗ)㸬ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ୰ ࡢ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡣ 㸪S D S ࢆ ྵ ࡴ ⦆ ⾪ ᾮ ࡛ ᢳ ฟ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ྍ ⁐ ᛶ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡜ 㸪㉸㡢 Ἴ ฎ ⌮ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ◚ ○ ࣭ ศ ᩓ ᚋ ࡟ ᢳ ฟ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡟ ศ ࡅ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ 㸬 ᢳ ฟ ࡋ ࡓ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡣ 㸪 ࢧ

࢖ ࢬ ᤼ 㝖㧗㏿ ᾮ య ࢡ ࣟ ࣐ ࢺ ࢢ ࣛ ࣇ ࢕ ࣮ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ศ ᯒ ࡉ ࢀ 㸪 ᚓ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࢡ

ࣟ ࣐ ࢺ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࡢ ኱ ࡁ ࠸ ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡜ ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࡢ ᑠ ࡉ ࠸ ࣔ ࣀ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡟ ศ ࡅ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ 㸬 ࡇ ࢀ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪S D S ྍ ⁐ ᛶ

࡜ ୙ ⁐ ᛶ 㸪 ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࡜ ࣔ ࣀ ࣐ ࣮ ࡢ 4 ✀ ࡢ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡀ ᚓ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ 㸬 ࢥ

࣒ ࢠ ࡢ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࣥ ࢆ ᵓ ᡂ ࡍ ࡿ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࡣ ࢪ ࢫ ࣝ ࣇ ࢕ ࢻ ⤖ ྜ ࢆ ௓ ࡋ ࡚ ศ Ꮚ 㛫 ࡛ 㔜 ྜ ࡋ ࡚ ᕧ ኱ ࡞ ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࢆ ᙧ ᡂ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪 ᙎ ᛶ ࢆ Ⓨ

᥹ ࡋ 㸪ࢢ ࣜ ࢔ ࢪ ࣥ ࡣ ࣔ ࣀ ࣐ ࣮ ྠ ኈ ࡢ ␯ Ỉ ⤖ ྜ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ⢓ ᛶ ࢆ Ⓨ ᥹ ࡍ ࡿ 㸬 4 ✀ ࡢ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ࠺ ࡕ 㸪 ྍ ⁐ ᛶ ࣔ ࣀ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡣ ୺ ࡟ ࢢ ࣜ ࢔

ࢪ ࣥ ࢆ ྵ ࡳ 㸪 ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡣ 㔜 ྜ ᗘ ࡢ 㧗 ࠸ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ

࠿ ࡽ ᵓ ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ 㸬 ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ 㔞 ࡸ ࡑ ࡢ ⤌ ᡂ ẚ ࡣ ⏕

ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡢ ᙉ ࡉ ࢆ ⾲ ࡍ ✀ ࠎ ࡢ ᩘ ್ ࡜ ṇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࢆ ♧ ࡍ ( G u p t a ࡽ 1 9 9 3 )㸬 ᮏ ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ࡇ ࡢ ᪉ ἲ ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡸ ࢱ

ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡀ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡟ 㸪 ≉ ࡟ 㸪 ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡢ ᙉ

ࡉ ࡜ ṇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࢆ ♧ ࡍ ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ๭ ྜ ࡸ ࡑ ࡢ ⤌ ᡂ ẚ

࡟ 㸪 ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ࡢ ࠿ ࢆ ホ ౯ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

(14)

- 12 -

➨

➨ 2 ⠇ ᮦ ᩱ ཬ ࡧ ᪉ ἲ

1 . ౪ ヨ ᮦ ᩱ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ᱂ ᇵ ᪉ ἲ

཯ ᚟ ぶ ࢆ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࠕ ࡩ ࡃ ࡉ ࡸ ࠿ ࠖ (▼ ᕝ ࡽ 2 0 0 5 ) ࡜ ࡍ

ࡿ G l u - A 1 ᗙ 㸪G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࡢ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ 4 ✀ 㢮 ࡢ ‽ ྠ ㉁㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ⣔ ⤫ (㧗 ⏣ ࡽ 2 0 0 8 ) ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ 㸬 ౪ ヨ ࡋ ࡓ ‽ ྠ ㉁㑇 ఏ

Ꮚ ⣔ ⤫ ࡢ 㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࢆ ➨ 1 ⾲ ࡟ ♧ ࡍ 㸬 ྛ

⣔ ⤫ ࡢ G l u - A 1 ᗙ 㸪 G l u - B 1 ᗙ 㸪 G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࡢ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡣ 㸪 ⣔ ⤫ A㸸 1 , 7 + 8 , 2 + 1 2 , ⣔ ⤫ B㸸 1 , 7 + 8 , 2 . 2 + 1 2 , ⣔ ⤫ C㸸 n u l l (Ḟ ኻ ) , 7 + 8 , 2 + 1 2 , ⣔ ⤫ D㸸 n u l l (Ḟ ኻ) , 7 + 8 , 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࡛

࠶ ࡿ 㸬 ࡞ ࠾ 㸪ࠕ ࡩ ࡃ ࡉ ࡸ ࠿ ࠖ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡜ ྠ ࡌ ᵓ ᡂ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ 㸬

ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࢆ ㎰ ◊ ᶵ ᵓ ㏆ ␥ ୰ ᅜ ᅄ ᅜ ㎰ ᴗ ◊ ✲ ࢭ ࣥ ࢱ ࣮ (⌧ 㸸㎰ ◊ ᶵ ᵓ す ᪥ ᮏ ㎰ ᴗ ◊ ✲ ࢭ ࣥ ࢱ ࣮ 㸪 ᗈ ᓥ ┴ ⚟ ᒣ ᕷ) ࡢ ᅡ ሙ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪2 0 0 7 ᖺ

᧛ ✀ ᖺ ᗘ ࡜ 2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᧛ ✀ ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ᱂ ᇵ ࡋ ࡓ (௨ 㝆㸪 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ ᧛ ✀ ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ グ㍕)㸬2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ 㸪2 0 0 7 ᖺ 1 1 ᭶ ࡟ 1 ༊ 㠃 ✚ 0 . 7 m² (␏ ᖜ 7 0 c m㸪

᧛ ᖜ 1 4 c m , ᧛ 㛗 1 . 0 m )㸪 ᧛ ✀ 㔞 1 0 0 ⢏ m -² ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ᧛ ✀ ࡋ 㸪 2 0 0 8

ᖺ 6 ᭶ ࡟ ཰ ✭ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ᇶ ⫧ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ N㸪P2O5㸪K2O ࢆ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ 1 m² ࠶ ࡓ ࡾ 5 . 0㸪6 . 4㸪5 . 0 g ᪋ ⏝ ࡋ 㸪2 0 0 8 ᖺ 2 ᭶ 2 5 ᪥ ࡟ N㸪P2O5㸪K2O

ࢆ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ 1 m² ࠶ ࡓ ࡾ 4 . 0㸪2 . 9㸪 3 . 7 g ᪋ ⏝ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ␗ ࡞ ࡿ Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ

ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࢆ ᚓ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ 㸪㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ࡟ ◲ Ᏻ ࢆ ᪋ ⏝ ࡋ ࡞ ࠸ ༊ ࡜ 㸪 ◲ Ᏻ ࢆ N ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 1 m² ࠶ ࡓ ࡾ 2 . 0㸪4 . 0㸪8 . 0 g ࢆ ᪋ ⏝ ࡋ ࡓ ༊ ࢆ タ ࡅ 㸪 ྛ ヨ㦂

(15)

- 13 -

༊ ࡣ ศ ๭ ༊ ἲ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 2㹼3 ཯ ᚟ ࡛ 㓄 ⨨ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ 1 1 ᭶ ࡟ 1 ༊ 㠃 ✚ 4 . 2 m² (␏ ᖜ 7 0 c m㸪 ᧛ ᖜ 1 4 c m , ᧛ 㛗 6 . 0 m )㸪 ᧛

✀ 㔞 1 0 0 ⢏ m -² ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ᧛ ✀ ࡋ 㸪 2 0 1 4 ᖺ 6 ᭶ ࡟ ཰ ✭ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ᇶ ⫧ ࡜ ࡋ

࡚ N㸪P2O5㸪K2O ࢆ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ 1 m² ࠶ ࡓ ࡾ 6 . 5㸪 6 . 5㸪6 . 5 g ᪋ ⏝ ࡋ 㸪

2 0 1 4 ᖺ 2 ᭶ 5 ᪥ ࡜ 3 ᭶ 1 2 ᪥ ࡟ N㸪P2O5㸪 K2O ࢆ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ 1 m² ࠶

ࡓ ࡾ 2 . 0㸪1 . 4㸪1 . 9 g ᪋ ⏝ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ␗ ࡞ ࡿ Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࢆ ᚓ

ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ 㸪㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ࡟ ◲ Ᏻ ࢆ ᪋ ⏝ ࡋ ࡞ ࠸ ༊ ࡜ 㸪 ◲ Ᏻ ࢆ N ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 1 m² ࠶

ࡓ ࡾ 4 . 0㸪 8 . 0 g ࢆ ᪋ ⏝ ࡋ ࡓ ༊ ࢆ タ ࡅ 㸪 ྛ ヨ㦂 ༊ ࡣ ศ ๭ ༊ ἲ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 4

཯ ᚟ ࡛ 㓄 ⨨ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

(16)

- 14 -

*OX$ *OX% *OX'

⣔⤫$ D E D

⣔⤫% D E I

⣔⤫& QXOOF E D

⣔⤫' QXOOF E I

⣔⤫ྡ 㧗ศᏊ㔞ࢢࣝࢸࢽࣥࢧࣈࣘࢽࢵࢺ

➨ 1⾲ ౪ ヨ ࡋ ࡓ ‽ ྠ ㉁㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ⣔ ⤫ ࡢ 㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ

㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ ᚋ ࡢ ᣓ ᘼ ෆ ࡢ ⱥ ᩥ Ꮠ ࡣ 㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ᆺ ࢆ ⾲ ࡍ 㸬

(17)

- 15 - 㸰

㸰㸬 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࡢ ㄪ〇 ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ศ ᯒ

ྛ ヨ㦂 ༊ ࡢ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ࡢ ཰ ✭ ≀ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ 㸪 ௨ ୗ ࡢ ศ ᯒ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

཰ ✭ ≀ ࡣ 㸪㏆㉥ እ ศ ᯒ ⿦ ⨨ ( 2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ I n f r a t e c 1 2 7 5㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ I n f r a t e c 1 2 4 1 , ࡜ ࡶ ࡟ F O S S ♫) ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 Ꮚ ᐇ Ỉ ศ 㸪 Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ

ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ (ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ᥮ ⟬ ಀ ᩘ 5 . 7 0㸪 Ỉ ศ 1 3 . 5㸣 ᥮ ⟬ ) ࢆ

ᐃ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 Ꮚ ᐇ Ỉ ศ 1 4 . 5㸣 ࡟ ࢸ ࣥ ࣃ ࣜ ࣥ ࢢ ᚋ 㸪2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ ᑠ ᆺ ヨ㦂

⏝ 〇 ⢊ ᶵ ( Q u a d r u m a t J r .㸪B r a b e n d e r ♫) ࡛ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ ࣅ ࣗ ࣮

ࣛ ࣮ ࢸ ࢫ ࢺ ࣑ ࣝ ( M L U - 2 0 2㸪B ü h l e r ♫) ࡛ 〇 ⢊ ࡋ 㸪ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ( 6 0㸣 ⢊)

ࢆ ㄪ ᩚ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ (ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ᥮ ⟬ ಀ ᩘ 5 . 7 0㸪 Ỉ ศ 1 3 . 5㸣 ᥮ ⟬ ) ࡣ ㏆㉥ እ ศ ᯒ ⿦ ⨨ ( 2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ I n f r a A l y z e r 5 0 0㸪 B r a n + L u e b b e ♫ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ I n f r a t e c 1 2 4 1㸪F O S S ♫ )࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ᐃ

ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࡢ S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡣ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ 3 . 5 g ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪T a k a t a ࡽ

( 1 9 9 9 ) ࡢ ᪉ ἲ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ᐃ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࡢ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡣ 㸪G u p t a ࡽ ( 1 9 9 3 ) ࡢ ᪉ ἲ ࢆ ୍ 㒊 ኚ ᭦

ࡋ ࡓ Y a n a k a ࡽ ( 2 0 0 7 ) ࡢ ᪉ ἲ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ᢳ ฟ ࣭ ศ ᯒ ࡋ ࡓ (➨ 㸯 ᅗ )㸬 ࡍ

࡞ ࢃ ࡕ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ⣙ 1 0 m g ࡟ 0 . 5㸣 ( w / v ) ࢻ ࢹ ࢩ ࣝ ◲ 㓟 ࢼ ࢺ ࣜ ࢘ ࣒ ( S D S ) ࢆ ྵ ࡴ 5 0 m M ࣜ ࣥ 㓟 ࢼ ࢺ ࣜ ࢘ ࣒ ⦆ ⾪ ᾮ ( p H 6 . 9 ) 1 . 0 m L ࢆ ຍ

࠼ 㸪1 0 ⛊ 㛫 v o r t e x ࡛ ᨩ ᢾ ࡋ ࡓ ᚋ 㸪2 0 0 0 r p m ࡛ 5 ศ 㛫 ᣺ ࡜ ࠺ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

1 2 , 0 0 0g ࡛ 2 0 ศ 㛫㐲 ᚰ ࡋ ࡓ ᚋ 㸪ᚓ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ୖ Ύ ࢆ ྍ ⁐ ᛶ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

࡜ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ṧ ࡗ ࡓ ỿ Ẋ ࡟ ෌ ᗘ ⦆ ⾪ ᾮ 1 . 0 m L ࢆ ຍ ࠼ ࡚ ᠱ ⃮ ࡋ 㸪㉸㡢 Ἴ

(18)

- 16 -

ศ ᩓ ᶵ ( 2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ U S P - 6 0 0 A , ᓥ ὠ 〇 స ᡤ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡣ V C X - 1 3 0 , S o n i c s & M a t e r i a l s ♫) ࡛ 㸪3 m m ᚄ ࡢ ࣉ ࣟ ࣮ ࣈ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪4 0㸣 ࡢ ฟ ຊ

࡛ 1 5 ⛊ 㛫 ฎ ⌮ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬㐲 ᚰ ᚋ 㸪 ᚓ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ୖ Ύ ࢆ ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡜ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ᢳ ฟ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࢆ 8 0Υ ࡛ 2 ศ 㛫 ฎ ⌮ ࡋ 㸪0 . 4 5 Pm ࡢ

ࣇ ࢕ ࣝ ࢱ ࣮ ࡛ ℐ 㐣 ᚋ 㸪 ࢧ ࢖ ࢬ ᤼ 㝖㧗㏿ ᾮ య ࢡ ࣟ ࣐ ࢺ ࢢ ࣛ ࣇ ࢕ ࣮ ( S E - H P L C )࡟ ౪ ヨ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ࢝ ࣛ ࣒ ࡣ T S K g e l G 4 0 0 0 S W (ᮾ ࢯ ࣮ ᰴ ᘧ ఍

♫) ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ 㸪⁐ 㞳 ᾮ ࡣ 0 . 0 5㸣 ࢺ ࣜ ࣇ ࣝ ࢜ ࣟ 㓑㓟 ࢆ ྵ ࡴ 5 0㸣 ࢔ ࢭ ࢺ ࢽ ࢺ ࣜ ࣝ Ỉ ⁐ ᾮ ࢆ ౑ ⏝ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ⁐ 㞳 ᾮ ࡢ ὶ ㏿ ࢆ 0 . 5 m L m i n^{- 1}㸪 ࢝ ࣛ ࣒

ᗘ ࢆ 3 0Υ ࡜ ࡋ 㸪 ࢧ ࣥ ࣉ ࣝ 2 0 PL ࢆ ࣟ ࣮ ࢻ ࡋ 㸪 ⁐ ฟ ࡋ ࡓ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࢆ

2 1 4 n m ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ྾ ග ᗘ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ᐃ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ᚓ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࢡ ࣟ ࣐ ࢺ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒

ࢆ ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪 ୺ ࡟ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࠿ ࡽ ᵓ ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࡢ ኱ ࡁ ࠸ ࣏

ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡜ 㸪 ୺ ࡟ ࢢ ࣜ ࢔ ࢪ ࣥ ࢆ ྵ ࡴ ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࡢ ᑠ ࡉ ࠸ ࣔ ࣀ ࣐

࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡟ ศ ࡅ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ࣆ ࣮ ࢡ 㠃 ✚ ࢆ ⟬ ฟ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡣ 㸪

ྍ ⁐ ᛶ ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ( E P P )㸪 ྍ ⁐ ᛶ ࣔ ࣀ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

( E M P )㸪 ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ( U P P )㸪 ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࣔ ࣀ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ

ࢡ ㉁ ( U M P ) ࡢ 4 ࡘ ࡟ ศ 㢮 ࡉ ࢀ 㸪U M P ࡣ ඲ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ 5㸣 ௨ ୗ ࡜

ᑡ ࡞ ࠸ ࡓ ࡵ 㸪ゎ ᯒ ࠿ ࡽ 㝖 እ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬E P P ࡜ U P P ࡢ ࿴ ࢆ ඲ ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ ࢱ

ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ( T P P ) ࡜ ࡋ 㸪E P P, E M P, U P P, U M P ࡢ ࿴ ࢆ ඲ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

࡜ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬㇂ ୰ ࡽ ( 2 0 11 ) ࡢ ᪉ ἲ ࡟ ᚑ ࠸ 㸪E P P, E M P, U P P, T P P ࡢ ඲ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡟ ༨ ࡵ ࡿ ๭ ྜ ࡣ 㸪 ྛ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ 㠃 ✚ ್ ࢆ ඲ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

(19)

- 17 -

ࡢ 㠃 ✚ ್ ࡛ ๭ ࡗ ࡚ ⟬ ฟ ࡋ 㸪E P P (㸣) ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ⾲グ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬E P P, E M P,

U P P, T P P ࡢ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ୰ ࡟ ༨ ࡵ ࡿ ๭ ྜ ࡣ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡟

ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ࡢ ඲ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡟ ༨ ࡵ ࡿ ๭ ྜ ࢆ ஌ ࡋ ࡚ ⟬ ฟ ࡋ 㸪E P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ⾲グ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡸ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡢ ྛ ᩘ ್ ࡣ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡟ ᙳ

㡪 ࢆ ཷ ࡅ ࡿ ሙ ྜ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ 㝖 ࡃ ┠ ⓗ ࡛ ඹ ศ ᩓ ศ ᯒ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ඹ ศ ᩓ ศ ᯒ ࡢ ᡭ 㡰 ࡣ ௨ ୗ ࡢ ࡜ ࠾ ࡾ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ 㸬 ࡲ ࡎ ඹ ኚ 㔞 ࡜ ࡞ ࡿ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡸ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡢ ྛ ᩘ ್

ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ศ ᯒ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ࡍ ࡭ ࡚ ࡢ ⣔ ⤫ ࡛ ᭷ ព ࡞ ┦ 㛵 ࡀ ㄆ ࡵ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ሙ ྜ

࡟ ࡣ 㸪 ⣔ ⤫ 㛫 ࡛ ᅇ ᖐ ┤ ⥺ ࡢ ഴ ࡁ (ᅇ ᖐ ಀ ᩘ ) ࡢ ␗ ㉁ ᛶ ࢆ ᳨ ᐃ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ഴ ࡁ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ሙ ྜ ࡣ ᑐ ẚ ㍑ ࢆ ⾜ ࠸ 㸪H o l m ࡢ ᪉ ἲ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព Ỉ ‽ ࡢ

⿵ ṇ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ഴ ࡁ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡽ ࡞ ࠸ ሙ ྜ ࡣ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࢆ ඹ ኚ 㔞 ࡜ ࡍ ࡿ ඹ ศ ᩓ ศ ᯒ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 2 ࣨ ᖺ ࡢ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ࡛ ศ ᩓ ศ ᯒ ࢆ ⾜ ࠺ 㝿

࡟ ࡣ 2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡢ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞 2 g m^{- 2} ༊ ࢆ 㝖 ࠸ ࡚ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ࡲ

ࡓ 㸪 ᖺ ḟ ࡈ ࡜ ࡟ Tu k e y - K r a m e r ἲ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ከ 㔜 ẚ ㍑ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ⤫ ィゎ

ᯒ ࡣ S t a t V i e w 5 . 0 ( S A S I n s t i t u t e I n c . ) ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

(20)

- 18 -

ศᏊ㔞䠄䝫䝸䝬䞊䛾㔜ྜᗘ䠅

኱ ᑠ

ᑠ㯏⢊

SDSྍ⁐ᛶ SDS୙⁐ᛶ

ྍ⁐ᛶ 䢊䢛䢔䢋䡬䡼䢙䢆䢛䡴㉁

(EPP)

ྍ⁐ᛶ 䢏䢅䢋䡬䡼䢙䢆䢛䡴㉁

(EMP) ୙⁐ᛶ

䢊䢛䢔䢋䡬䡼䢙䢆䢛䡴㉁

(UPP)

୙⁐ᛶ 䢏䢅䢋䡬䡼䢙䢆䢛䡴㉁

(UMP) SDS䛻ᑐ䛩䜛

⁐ゎᛶ

㉸㡢Ἴ ฎ⌮

(a) (b)

䝫䝸䝬䞊䝍䞁䝟䜽㉁

䝰䝜䝬䞊䝍䞁䝟䜽㉁

SDSྍ⁐ᛶ SDS୙⁐ᛶ

➨ 1 ᅗ (a)ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ୰ ࡢ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ศ ⏬ ᪉ ἲ ࡜ 㸪(b)ᢳ ฟ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ

ࢧ ࢖ ࢬ ᤼ 㝖㧗㏿ ᾮ య ࢡ ࣟ ࣐ ࢺ ࢢ ࣛ ࣇ ࢕ ࣮ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ศ ᕸ 㸬

(21)

- 19 -

➨

➨ 3 ⠇ ⤖ ᯝ

1 . 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞 ࡜ Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡

➨ 2 ⾲ ࡣ ྛ ‽ ྠ ㉁㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ⣔ ⤫ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ྛ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞 ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ 㸪S D S ỿ 㝆㔞㸪

S E - H P L C ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ศ ⏬ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ๭ ྜ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ

ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞 ࡀ ቑ ຍ ࡍ ࡿ ࡟ ࡘ ࢀ 㸪᭷ ព ࡟ ቑ ຍ ࡋ 㸪㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞 1 g m^{- 2} ࠶ ࡓ ࡾ 2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ⣙ 0 . 3 ࣏ ࢖ ࣥ ࢺ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ⣙ 0 . 5 ࣏ ࢖ ࣥ ࢺ ቑ ຍ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ 2 0 0 7 ᖺ

ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ C ࡛ ௚ ࡢ ⣔ ⤫ ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ ప ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࡀ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔

⤫ 㛫 ࡛ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡣ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

2 . ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ 㸪 S D S ỿ 㝆㔞㸪S E - H P L C ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ศ ⏬

ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ඲ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡟ ༨ ࡵ ࡿ ๭ ྜ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ‽ ྠ ㉁㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ⣔

⤫ 㛫 ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞㛫 ᕪ ␗

ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ 㸪S D S ỿ 㝆㔞㸪S E - H P L C ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ศ ⏬ ࡉ

ࢀ ࡓ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ඲ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡟ ༨ ࡵ ࡿ ๭ ྜ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ⣔ ⤫ 㛫 ࡛ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡀ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸬ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ 2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ C ࡀ ௚ ࡢ 3 ⣔ ⤫ ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ ప ࡃ 㸪 2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ C ࡀ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡼ ࡾ

᭷ ព ࡟ ప ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡣ 2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡛ ᭱ ࡶ 㧗 ࡃ 㸪 ⣔ ⤫ B

࡟ ḟ ࠸ ࡛ 㸪 ⣔ ⤫ A ࡀ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ C ࡀ

(22)

- 20 -

⣔ ⤫ D ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ ప ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࡢ ࡟ ࡶ ࠿ ࠿ ࢃ ࡽ ࡎ 㸪 S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡣ 2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ C , ⣔ ⤫ D ࡢ 㛫 ࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࡀ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛

ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ C ࡀ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ

ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ A , ⣔ ⤫ B ࡛ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫ C , ⣔ ⤫ D ࡼ ࡾ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬E P P (㸣) ࡣ 2ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ ⣔ ⤫ D , ⣔

⤫ C , ⣔ ⤫ B , ⣔ ⤫ A ࡢ 㡰 ࡟ 㧗 ࡃ 㸪⣔ ⤫ D ࡣ 2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ ⣔ ⤫ A , ⣔ ⤫ B

ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ࡲ ࡓ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ C ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬E P P (㸣) ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫

C , ⣔ ⤫ D ࡀ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ A , ⣔ ⤫ B ࡼ ࡾ 㧗

࠸ ഴ ྥ ࡟ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬E M P (㸣) ࡣ 2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ ⣔ ⤫ D , ⣔ ⤫ A , ⣔ ⤫ C , ⣔

⤫ B ࡢ 㡰 ࡟ 㧗 ࡃ 㸪⣔ ⤫ D ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ B , ⣔ ⤫ C ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ A ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬U P P (㸣 ) ࡣ 2 ᖺ ࡜

ࡶ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡛ ௚ ࡢ 3 ⣔ ⤫ ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ ప ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ B

࡛ ᭱ ࡶ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬T P P (㸣) ࡣ 2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ ⣔ ⤫ B , ⣔ ⤫ C , ⣔ ⤫ A , ⣔

⤫ D ࡢ 㡰 ࡟ 㧗 ࡃ 㸪 ⣔ ⤫ B ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞㛫 ࡛ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡀ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࡢ ࡣ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

ྵ ᭷ ⋡ 㸪S D S ỿ 㝆㔞㸪E P P (㸣) , E M P (㸣 ) , T P P (㸣) ࡛ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞 ࡀ ከ ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡜ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ ᭷ ព ࡟ 㧗

ࡃ ࡞ ࡾ 㸪S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡶ ᭷ ព ࡟ 㧗 ࡃ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬E P P (㸣) , T P P (㸣) ࡣ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞 ࡀ ከ ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡜ ప ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ഴ ྥ ࡟ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ

(23)

- 21 -

❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞 8 g m^{- 2} ༊ ࡛ ࡣ ↓ ᪋ ⏝ ༊ ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ ప ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬E M P (㸣)

ࡣ 2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞㛫 ࡛ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࡀ 㸪

2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ ༊ ࡛ ↓ ᪋ ⏝ ༊ ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

U P P (㸣 ) ࡣ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞㛫 ࡛ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ⣔ ⤫ ࡜ 㛤

ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ᪋ ⏝ 㔞 ࡢ ஺ ஫ స ⏝ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

(24)

- 22 -

㻭㻝㻜㻚㻣㼍㻥㻚㻠㼍㻞㻥㻚㻜㼎㻞㻠㻚㻤㼏㻡㻞㻚㻝㼍㼎㻝㻥㻚㻟㼍㻠㻠㻚㻞㼎㻮㻝㻝㻚㻜㼍㻥㻚㻤㼍㻟㻞㻚㻝㼍㻞㻡㻚㻡㼎㼏㻡㻝㻚㻟㼎㻝㻥㻚㻡㼍㻠㻠㻚㻥㼍㻯㻝㻜㻚㻞㼎㻤㻚㻥㼎㻞㻟㻚㻣㼏㻞㻢㻚㻞㼍㼎㻡㻝㻚㻤㼎㻝㻤㻚㻡㼍㻠㻠㻚㻣㼍㼎㻰㻝㻜㻚㻣㼍㻥㻚㻡㼍㻞㻠㻚㻣㼏㻞㻢㻚㻢㼍㻡㻟㻚㻜㼍㻝㻢㻚㻥㼎㻠㻟㻚㻡㼎㼏㻭㻝㻝㻚㻡㼍㻥㻚㻤㼍㼎㻟㻟㻚㻜㼎㻞㻢㻚㻡㼎㻡㻝㻚㻝㼍㼎㻝㻥㻚㻠㼎㻠㻡㻚㻥㼍㼎㻮㻝㻝㻚㻡㼍㻥㻚㻥㼍㼎㻟㻣㻚㻣㼍㻞㻢㻚㻢㼎㻠㻥㻚㻥㼏㻞㻜㻚㻡㼍㻠㻣㻚㻝㼍㻯㻝㻝㻚㻠㼍㻥㻚㻢㼎㻟㻜㻚㻟㼏㻞㻣㻚㻟㼎㻡㻜㻚㻣㼎㼏㻝㻥㻚㻞㼎㻠㻢㻚㻡㼍㼎㻰㻝㻝㻚㻣㼍㻝㻜㻚㻝㼍㻞㻢㻚㻥㼐㻞㻤㻚㻢㼍㻡㻞㻚㻜㼍㻝㻢㻚㻢㼏㻠㻡㻚㻟㼎㻜㻥㻚㻣㼐㻤㻚㻠㼐㻞㻞㻚㻝㼐㻞㻢㻚㻟㼍㻡㻝㻚㻥㼍㻝㻤㻚㻠㼍㻠㻠㻚㻣㼍㻞㻝㻜㻚㻟㼏㻥㻚㻝㼏㻞㻡㻚㻠㼏㻞㻢㻚㻞㼍㻡㻞㻚㻝㼍㻝㻤㻚㻞㼍㻠㻠㻚㻠㼍㼎㻠㻝㻜㻚㻤㼎㻥㻚㻢㼎㻞㻤㻚㻣㼎㻞㻡㻚㻣㼍㼎㻡㻞㻚㻞㼍㻝㻤㻚㻠㼍㻠㻠㻚㻞㼍㼎㻤㻝㻞㻚㻝㼍㻝㻜㻚㻣㼍㻟㻠㻚㻜㼍㻞㻡㻚㻝㼎㻡㻞㻚㻜㼍㻝㻤㻚㻥㼍㻠㻠㻚㻜㼎㻜㻥㻚㻢㼏㻤㻚㻟㼏㻞㻞㻚㻤㼏㻞㻣㻚㻤㼍㻡㻜㻚㻝㼎㻝㻥㻚㻞㼍㻠㻣㻚㻝㼍㻠㻝㻝㻚㻢㼎㻥㻚㻥㼎㻟㻟㻚㻣㼎㻞㻣㻚㻜㼎㻡㻝㻚㻞㼍㻝㻤㻚㻤㼍㻠㻡㻚㻥㼎㻤㻝㻟㻚㻟㼍㻝㻝㻚㻟㼍㻟㻥㻚㻟㼍㻞㻢㻚㻥㼎㻡㻝㻚㻡㼍㻝㻤㻚㻣㼍㻠㻡㻚㻢㼎䚷䚷⣔⤫㽢㛤ⰼᮇ❅⣲᪋⏝㔞㼚㼟㼚㼟㼚㼟㼚㼟㼚㼟㼚㼟㼚㼟㼚㼟㻖㻖䚷䚷㛤ⰼᮇ❅⣲᪋⏝㔞㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖

ྛ㛤ⰼᮇ❅⣲ ᪋⏝㔞䛻䛚䛡䜛 ᖹᆒ್

㻞㻜㻜㻣㻞㻜㻝㻟䚷䚷⣔⤫㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖㻖

㻔㻑㻕㻔㻑㻕㻔㻑㻕㻔㻑㻕

㻿㻱㻙㻴㻼㻸㻯㻱㻼㻼㻱㻹㻼㼁㻼㻼㼀㻼㻼㻔㻑㻕㻔㼙㻸㻕 ྛ⣔⤫䛻䛚䛡䜛 ᖹᆒ್

㻞㻜㻜㻣㻞㻜㻝㻟

ᖺḟ⣔⤫䜎䛯䛿㛤ⰼᮇ ❅⣲᪋⏝㔞 Ꮚᐇ䝍䞁䝟䜽㉁ ྵ᭷⋡ᑠ㯏⢊䝍䞁䝟䜽㉁ ྵ᭷⋡㻿㻰㻿 ỿ㝆㔞㻔㻑㻕

➨2⾲ྛ‽ྠ㉁㑇ఏᏊ⣔⤫ཬࡧྛ㛤ⰼᮇ❅⣲᪋⏝㔞࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏊᐇ࠾ࡼࡧᑠ㯏⢊ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ྵ᭷⋡㸪SDSỿ㝆㔞㸪SE-HPLC࡛ศ⏬ࡉࢀࡓ ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢ๭ྜ㸬 EPP (㸣)㸪EMP (㸣)㸪UPP (㸣)㸪TPP (㸣) ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀSE-HPLC࡛ศ⏬ࡉࢀࡓྍ⁐ᛶ࣏࣐࣮ࣜ㸪ྍ⁐ᛶࣔࣀ࣐࣮㸪୙⁐ᛶ࣏࣐࣮ࣜ㸪඲࣏ ࣐࣮ࣜࡢ඲ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁࡟༨ࡵࡿ๭ྜࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ྛ⣔⤫࡟࠾ࡅࡿᖹᆒ್ࡣ඲㛤ⰼᮇ❅⣲᪋⏝㔞༊㎸ࡳࡢ㸪ྛ㛤ⰼᮇ❅⣲᪋⏝㔞࡟࠾ࡅࡿᖹᆒ್ࡣ඲ ⣔⤫㎸ࡳࡢᖹᆒ್㸬ⱥᩥᏐࡀྠ୍࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᖺḟࡈ࡜ࡢ⣔⤫㛫ࡲࡓࡣ㛤ⰼᮇ❅⣲᪋⏝㔞㛫࡛5㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ពᕪࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ (Tukey-Kramerࡢከ㔜ẚ㍑)㸬2ࣨᖺ㎸ࡳࡢศᩓศᯒࡣ2007ᖺᗘࡢ㛤ⰼᮇ❅⣲᪋⏝㔞2 g m-2༊ࢆ㝖࠸࡚⾜ࡗࡓ㸬**, *ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ1㸣㸪5㸣Ỉ ‽࡛᭷ព࡛࠶ࡾ㸪nsࡣ᭷ព࡛࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬

(25)

- 23 -

33 . ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ S D S ỿ 㝆㔞㸪ྛ ศ ⏬ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ྵ

᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ

➨ 2 ᅗ ࡣ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ S D Sỿ 㝆㔞 ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ ࡍ ࡭ ࡚ ࡢ ⣔ ⤫ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ S D S ỿ 㝆

㔞 ࡢ 㛫 ࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ṇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࡀ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸬 ⣔ ⤫ 㛫 ࡛ ᅇ ᖐ ┤ ⥺ ࡢ ഴ ࡁ (ᅇ

ᖐ ಀ ᩘ) ࡢ ␗ ㉁ ᛶ ࢆ ᳨ ᐃ ࡋ ࡓ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ 㛫 ࡛ ᅇ ᖐ ┤ ⥺ ࡢ ഴ ࡁ ࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࡀ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ

ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࢆ ᣢ ࡕ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ ᭷ ↓ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ⣔ ⤫ B

࡜ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡢ 㛫 ࡛ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡀ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ 㸪 G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ ᑠ ࡉ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ᅇ ᖐ ┤ ⥺ ࡢ ഴ ࡁ ࡣ 2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ

ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫ C , ⣔ ⤫ D ࡛ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ A , ⣔

⤫ B ࡼ ࡾ ᑠ ࡉ ࠸ ഴ ྥ ࡟ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ⣔ ⤫ D ࡛ ᭱ ࡶ ᑠ ࡉ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

(26)

- 24 - ە㸸⣔⤫A㸪ڸ㸸⣔⤫B㸪ۑ㸸⣔⤫C㸪ڹ㸸⣔⤫D

⣔⤫A 2007ᖺ y = 5.86^ax −26.4, r = 0.983^** 2013ᖺ y = 5.86^abx −24.3, r = 0.976^**

⣔⤫B 2007ᖺ y = 5.21^ax −18.8, r = 0.966^** 2013ᖺ y = 6.68^ax −28.6, r = 0.970^**

⣔⤫C 2007ᖺ y = 4.98^ax −20.5, r = 0.975^** 2013ᖺ y = 5.16^abx −19.3, r = 0.942^**

⣔⤫D 2007ᖺ y = 4.88^ax −21.7, r = 0.963^** 2013ᖺ y = 4.64^bx −19.8, r = 0.937^**

**㸸1㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ព㸬

ⱥᩥᏐࡀྠ୍࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ10㸣Ỉ‽࡛ᅇᖐ┤⥺ࡢഴࡁ࡟ᕪ␗ࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬

➨ 2 ᅗ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ SDSỿ 㝆㔞 ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ 㸬

(27)

- 25 -

➨ 3ᅗ ࡣ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ E P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ ࡍ ࡭ ࡚ ࡢ ⣔ ⤫ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ E P P ྵ ᭷

⋡ ࡢ 㛫 ࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ṇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࡀ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸬 ⣔ ⤫ 㛫 ࡛ ᅇ ᖐ ┤ ⥺ ࡢ ഴ ࡁ (ᅇ ᖐ ಀ ᩘ)࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ᅇ ᖐ ┤ ⥺ ࡢ ഴ ࡁ ࡣ 2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫ C , ⣔ ⤫ D ࡛ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ

ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ A , ⣔ ⤫ B ࡼ ࡾ ኱ ࡁ ࠸ ഴ ྥ ࡟ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

(28)

⣔⤫A 2007ᖺ y = 0.179^ax + 0.650, r = 0.939^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.198^ax + 0.667, r = 0.935^**

⣔⤫B 2007ᖺ y = 0.204^ax + 0.491, r = 0.977^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.224^ax + 0.430, r = 0.958^**

⣔⤫C 2007ᖺ y = 0.213^ax + 0.428, r = 0.973^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.272^ax + 0.041, r = 0.980^**

⣔⤫D 2007ᖺ y = 0.246^ax + 0.198, r = 0.922^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.265^ax + 0.235, r = 0.971^**

➨3ᅗ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ྍ ⁐ ᛶ ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ (EPP) ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ 㸬

(29)

- 27 -

➨ 4 ᅗ ࡣ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ E M P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ ࡍ ࡭ ࡚ ࡢ ⣔ ⤫ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ E M P

ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ 㛫 ࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ṇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࡀ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸬 ⣔ ⤫ 㛫 ࡛ ᅇ ᖐ ┤ ⥺ ࡢ ഴ ࡁ (ᅇ ᖐ ಀ ᩘ)࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

(30)

⣔⤫A 2007ᖺ y = 0.530^ax + 0.070, r = 0.989^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.555^ax − 0.379, r = 0.988^**

⣔⤫B 2007ᖺ y = 0.496^ax + 0.167, r = 0.988^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.573^ax − 0.709, r = 0.990^**

⣔⤫C 2007ᖺ y = 0.525^ax − 0.063, r = 0.990^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.527^ax − 0.123, r = 0.980^**

⣔⤫D 2007ᖺ y = 0.567^ax − 0.348, r = 0.981^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.534^ax − 0.080, r = 0.983^**

➨ 4ᅗ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ྍ ⁐ ᛶ ࣔ ࣀ ࣐ ࣮ (EMP) ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ 㸬

(31)

- 29 -

➨ 5 ᅗ ࡣ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ U P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬㸰 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ ࡍ ࡭ ࡚ ࡢ ⣔ ⤫ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ U P P

ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ 㛫 ࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ṇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࡀ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸬 ⣔ ⤫ 㛫 ࡛ ᅇ ᖐ ┤ ⥺ ࡢ ഴ ࡁ (ᅇ ᖐ ಀ ᩘ)࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ᅇ ᖐ ┤ ⥺ ࡢ ഴ ࡁ ࡣ 2 ᖺ ࡜ ࡶ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡛ ᭱ ࡶ ኱ ࡁ ࡃ 㸪 ⣔ ⤫ D ࡛ ᭱ ࡶ ᑠ ࡉ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

(32)

⣔⤫A 2007ᖺ y = 0.228^ax −0.325, r = 0.922^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.155^ax + 0.394, r = 0.978^**

⣔⤫B 2007ᖺ y = 0.231^ax −0.352, r = 0.951^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.190^ax + 0.159, r = 0.929^**

⣔⤫C 2007ᖺ y = 0.199^ax −0.127, r = 0.921^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.181^ax + 0.124, r = 0.947^**

⣔⤫D 2007ᖺ y = 0.145^ax + 0.226, r = 0.713^** 2013ᖺ y = 0.142^ax + 0.255, r = 0.921^**

➨ 5 ᅗ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࣏ ࣜ ࣐ ࣮ (UPP) ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ 㸬

(33)

- 31 -

➨

➨ 4 ⠇ ⪃ ᐹ

ᮏ ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡢ G l u - A 1 ^{ᗙ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ} G l u - D 1 ^{ᗙ ࡢ ࢢ ࣝ}

ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡢ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ‽ ྠ ㉁㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ⣔ ⤫ ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ 㸪 ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡜ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡀ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

୰ ࡢ ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ྍ ⁐ ᛶ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ㄪ ᰝ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡢ Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ ฟ ✑ ᮇ ௨ 㝆 ࡢ ❅ ⣲ ㏣ ⫧ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㧗

ࡲ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ▱ ࡽ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( F i n n e y ࡽ 1 9 5 7 , Ụ ཱྀ ࡽ 1 9 6 9㸪A l t m a n

ࡽ 1 9 8 3 , S t a r k a n d T i n d a l l 1 9 9 2 , Z e b a r t h a n d S h e a r d 1 9 9 2 , ᮌ ᮧ

ࡽ 2 0 0 1 , 㧗 ᒣ ࡽ 2 0 0 4 )㸬 ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡛ ࡣ Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ 㸪 ࡍ ࡭

࡚ ࡢ ⣔ ⤫ ࡛ 㛤 ⰼ ᮇ ❅ ⣲ ㏣ ⫧ 1 g m^{- 2} ࠶ ࡓ ࡾ 0 . 3㹼0 . 6 ࣏ ࢖ ࣥ ࢺ ቑ ຍ ࡋ ࡓ (➨ 2 ⾲)㸬 ࡇ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࡣ ฟ ✑ ᮇ ௨ 㝆 ࡢ ❅ ⣲ ㏣ ⫧ ࢆ 1 g m^{- 2} ቑ ຍ ࡉ ࡏ

ࡿ ࡜ Ꮚ ᐇ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ ⣙ 0 . 5 ࣏ ࢖ ࣥ ࢺ 㧗 ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ 㧗 ᒣ ࡽ

( 2 0 0 4 ) ࡢ ሗ ࿌ ࡜ ᴫ ࡡ ୍ ⮴ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ 㸪 ⣔ ⤫ C ࡛ 2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ௚ ࡢ 3 ⣔ ⤫

ࡼ ࡾ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ ప ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ࡑ ࡢ ᕪ ࡣ 2 0 0 7 ᖺ

ᗘ ࡛ 0 . 9㸣 ௨ ෆ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ 0 . 5㸣 ௨ ෆ ࡜ ᑠ ࡉ ࡃ 㸪 ศ ⏬ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

ࡢ ๭ ྜ ࡸ S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ⣔ ⤫ 㛫 ᕪ ␗ ࡣ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷

⋡ ࡢ ᕪ ࡔ ࡅ ࡛ ࡞ ࡃ 㸪㉁ ⓗ ࡞ ᕪ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡓ ࡜ ࠸ ࠼ ࡿ 㸬 G u p t a ࡽ

( 1 9 9 5 ) ࡣ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡍ ࡿ ࡜ 㸪 U P P (㸣 )㸪 T P P

(㸣) ࡀ ప ୗ ࡍ ࡿ ࡜ ሗ ࿌ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸬 ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡛ ࡣ G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ

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- 32 -

ࢺ ࡀ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࡢ ሙ ྜ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡛ 㸪

U P P (㸣) , T P P (㸣) ࡀ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡼ ࡾ

᭷ ព ࡟ ప ୗ ࡋ 㸪S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡶ ᭷ ព ࡟ ప ୗ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬 ୍ ᪉ 㸪G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ

ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ 2 + 1 2 ࡢ ሙ ྜ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫ C ࡛ ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ A ࡜ ẚ ࡭ 㸪U P P (㸣) , T P P

(㸣)࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࡀ 㸪S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡣ ᭷ ព ࡟ ప ୗ ࡋ ࡓ (➨ 2

⾲)㸬 ࡇ ࢀ ࡣ 㧗 ⏣ ࡽ ( 2 0 0 8 ) ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࡜ ୍ ⮴ ࡋ 㸪G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ ࡶ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ၀ ࡉ

ࢀ ࡓ 㸬 ࡲ ࡓ 㸪G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࡣ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 + 1 2

࡜ ẚ ࡭ ࡚ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ ㈇ ࡢ ຠ ᯝ ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡀ ( Ta k a t a ࡽ 2 0 0 0 , 2 0 0 2 )㸪 G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ሙ ྜ 㸪 G l u - D 1ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡛ ࡣ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 + 1 2

ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ A ࡼ ࡾ U P P (㸣) , T P P (㸣) ࡀ 㧗 ࡃ 㸪S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡶ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 ࡣ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 ࡜ ẚ ࡭ ࡚ ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࡣ ኱ ࡁ ࠸

ࡶ ࡢ ࡢ 㸪 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࡢ ศ Ꮚ 㛫 ⤖ ྜ ࡟ 㛵 ࢃ ࡿ ࢩ ࢫ ࢸ ࢖ ࣥ ࡢ ᩘ ࡣ ኚ ࢃ ࡽ

ࡎ ( M o r e l a n d B o n i c e l 1 9 9 6 , S h e w r y a n d Ta t h a m 1 9 9 7 )㸪 ࡇ ࡢ ࡼ

࠺ ࡞ 㐪 ࠸ ࡀ ⏕ ࡌ ࡓ ⌮ ⏤ ࡣ ୙ ᫂ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ 㸬ࡋ ࠿ ࡋ ࡞ ࡀ ࡽ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ

ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ ᭷ ↓ ࡜ G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 + 1 2 , 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࡢ ⤌ ྜ ࡏ ࡛ U P P (㸣 ) , T P P (㸣)࡟ ᕪ ࡀ ⏕ ࡌ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࡣ ⯆ ࿡ ῝ ࠸ 㸬

U P P ࡣ 㔜 ྜ ᗘ ࡢ 㧗 ࠸ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࠿ ࡽ ᵓ ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ 㸪E P P㸪E M P ࡣ 㸪

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- 33 -

ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ୺ ࡟ 㔜 ྜ ᗘ ࡢ ప ࠸ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ 㸪 ࢢ ࣜ ࢔ ࢪ ࣥ ࠿ ࡽ ᵓ ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ

( S i n g h ࡽ 1 9 9 0 )㸬ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ క ࠸ 㸪E P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ 㸪E M P

ྵ ᭷ ⋡ 㸪U P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ ࠸ ࡎ ࢀ ࡶ ቑ ຍ ࡋ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ (ᅇ ᖐ ┤ ⥺ ࡢ

ഴ ࡁ) ࡣ E M P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡛ ᭱ ࡶ ኱ ࡁ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ (➨ 2 ᅗ 㸪➨ 3 ᅗ 㸪➨ 4 ᅗ)㸬

ࡇ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࡣ 㸪 ࢢ ࣜ ࢔ ࢪ ࣥ ࡣ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ

࡚ ௚ ࡢ ᵓ ᡂ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡼ ࡾ 㧗 ࠸ ๭ ྜ ࡛ ቑ ຍ ࡍ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ 㸪 G u p t a ࡽ ( 1 9 9 2 )㸪 ᮌ ᮧ ࡽ ( 2 0 0 1 )㸪㇂ ୰ ࡽ ( 2 0 1 1 ) ࡢ ሗ ࿌ ࡜ ୍ ⮴ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ 㸪E P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ 㸪E M P ྵ ᭷

⋡ 㸪U P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡟ ⣔ ⤫ 㛫 ࡛ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࡀ 㸪 2 ᖺ

࡛ ୍ ᐃ ࡢ ഴ ྥ ࡀ ㄆ ࡵ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸬G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࡢ ሙ ྜ 㸪 G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡛ ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ

ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡟ ẚ ࡭ 㸪E P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ኱ ࡁ ࡃ 㸪 U P P

ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ᑠ ࡉ ࡃ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ࡋ ࡓ ࡀ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2ࡢ ሙ ྜ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡍ ࡿ ࡜ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ ࡜ ẚ ࡭ 㸪 U P P (㸣) ࡀ ప ࡃ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ 㧗 ࡲ ࡿ ࡟ ࡘ ࢀ 㸪U P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ᕪ ࡀ ࡼ ࡾ ኱ ࡁ ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ

ࢀ ࡓ 㸬U P P ࡢ 㔞 ࡣ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡢ ᙉ ࡉ ࡜ ṇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࡟ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ

࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ( S i n g h ࡽ 1 9 9 0 , G u p t a ࡽ 1 9 9 3 )㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ

ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡛ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ

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- 34 -

ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡼ ࡾ ᭷ ព ࡟ ᑠ ࡉ ࡃ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࡣ 㸪U P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ᑠ ࡉ ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸬⣔ ⤫ D ࡜ ྠ ࡌ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ

ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ရ ✀ ࠕ ࡩ ࡃ ࡉ ࡸ ࠿ ࠖ ࡛ ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ࠕ ࣑ ࢼ ࣑ ࣀ ࢝ ࢜ ࣜ ࠖ ࡸ ࠕ ㎰ ᯘ 6 1 ྕ ࠖ ࡜ ẚ ࡭ ࡚ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ 㸪E M P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ኱ ࡁ ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ

࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ (㇂ ୰ ࡽ 2 0 11 )㸬E M P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ 㛫 ࡛ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᕪ ࡀ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࡀ 㸪E M P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡣ 2 0 0 7 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡛ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡼ ࡾ ኱ ࡁ ࡃ 㸪 2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡛ ࡣ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡼ ࡾ ᑠ ࡉ ࡃ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ ᭷ ↓ ࡜ E M P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡢ ኱ ᑠ ࡣ ᖺ

ḟ ࡛ ␗ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪E M P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡣ E P P ࡸ U P P ࡜ ẚ ࡭ 㸪 ᖺ ḟ ࡸ ᱂ ᇵ ᮲ ௳ ࡢ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ཷ ࡅ ࡸ ࡍ ࠸ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸬 ୍ ᪉ 㸪G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ

ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 + 1 2 ࡢ ሙ ྜ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡓ ⣔ ⤫ C ࡛

ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ A ࡜ ẚ ࡭ ࡚ E P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ

ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡣ ᑠ ࡉ ࡃ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ ࡀ 㸪E M P ࡸ U P P ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡢ ኱ ᑠ ࡣ ᖺ ḟ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ ␗ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬

᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࡢ ከ ࡃ ࡣ 㸪 ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡛ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ 4 ✀ 㢮 ࡢ ‽ ྠ ㉁㑇 ఏ Ꮚ ⣔ ⤫ ࡜ ྠ ࡌ 㸪 ࡶ ࡋ ࡃ ࡣ 㸪 ྠ ➼ ࡢ 㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ( N a k a m u r a ࡽ 1 9 9 9 )㸬㛵 ᮾ ௨ す ࡢ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ

✀ ࡟ ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ရ ✀ ࡀ ከ ࡃ ぢ ࡽ ࢀ 㸪す ᪥ ᮏ ᆅ ᇦ ࡢ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࡟ ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ

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- 35 -

ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ 㸪 ࠿ ࡘ 㸪G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ D ࡢ ⤌ ྜ ࡏ ࡀ ࡼ ࡃ ぢ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ( N a k a m u r a ࡽ 1 9 9 9 )㸬㧗 ⏣ ࡽ ( 2 0 0 8 ) ࡜

ྠ ᵝ 㸪⣔ ⤫ D ࡢ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡣ 㸪௚ ࡢ 3 ⣔ ⤫ ࡜ ẚ ࡭ 㸪U P P (㸣) ࡀ 㢧 ⴭ ࡟ ప ࡃ 㸪E P P (㸣) , E M P (㸣) ࡀ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬ࡲ ࡓ 㸪⣔ ⤫ D ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 1 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ⣔ ⤫ B ࡜ ẚ ࡭ ࡚ 㸪ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡

ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ᑠ ࡉ ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ሙ ྜ ࡀ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࡣ 㸪 G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ 㸪 ࠿ ࡘ 㸪 G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ࡜ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࡢ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡀ ᙅ ࡃ ࡞ ࡾ ࡸ

ࡍ ࡃ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࢆ 㧗 ࡵ ࡚ ࡶ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡀ ᙉ ࡃ ࡞ ࡾ ࡟ ࡃ

࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࢆ ♧ ၀ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸬 ࡋ ࡓ ࡀ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪す ᪥ ᮏ ᆅ ᇦ ࡢ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࡢ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࢆ ྥ ୖ ࡉ ࡏ ࡿ ࡟ ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࢆ ᑟ ධ ࡍ

ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᭷ ຠ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸬 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࡟ ᕪ ࡀ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࡣ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ 㸪 ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡸ ຍ ᕤ 㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ᕪ ࡀ ⏕ ࡌ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࢆ ♧ ၀ ࡋ

࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸬ࡑ ࡇ ࡛ 㸪➨ 2 ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡀ 㸪 ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡢ ᙉ ࡉ ࡸ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ࡢ ຍ ᕤ 㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ࠿ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬

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➨

➨ ❶ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ 㧗 ศ Ꮚ 㔞 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ 㸪 ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡀ 〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪

➨ 1 ⠇ ⥴ ゝ

➨ 1 ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪G l u - A 1 ^{ᗙ ࡜} G l u - D 1 ^{ᗙ ࡢ}

ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪U P P (㸣) ࡸ E M P (㸣)

࡞ ࡝ ࡢ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ⤌ ᡂ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ 㸪≉ ࡟ 㸪G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࡀ Ḟ ኻ ࡋ 㸪 ࠿ ࡘ 㸪G l u - D 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ 2 . 2 + 1 2 ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ሙ ྜ 㸪U P P (㸣) ࡀ 㢧 ⴭ ࡟ ప ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࢆ ᫂ ࡽ ࠿ ࡟ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬ࡲ ࡓ 㸪ࡇ ࡢ ⤌ ྜ ࡏ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪

ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ 㸪S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡀ ᑠ ࡉ ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ሙ ྜ ࡀ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ 㸬 ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪す ᪥ ᮏ ᆅ ᇦ ࡢ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ࢥ ࣒ ࢠ ရ ✀ ࡢ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࢆ ྥ ୖ ࡉ ࡏ ࡿ ࡟ ࡣ G l u - A 1 ᗙ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ࢆ

ᑟ ධ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᭷ ຠ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸬

᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ⏝ ရ ✀ ࡀ ᣢ ࡘ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡀ ᐇ 㝿 ࡢ ຍ ᕤ ⏝

㏵ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ࡢ 〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡢ ሗ ࿌ ࡣ ぢ ᙜ ࡓ ࡽ

࡞ ࠸ 㸬 ୍ ᪉ 㸪 ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡸ 㸪S D S ỿ 㝆㔞㸪 ୙ ⁐ ᛶ ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࡢ 㔞 ࡞ ࡝ ࡢ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡢ ᙉ ࡉ ࢆ ⾲ ࡍ ᩘ ್ ࡣ 㸪 ࡺ ࡛ 㯝 ࡢ ࠿ ࡓ ࡉ ࡜ ṇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࢆ ♧ ࡍ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ሗ ࿌ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ( O h ࡽ 1 9 8 5 , B a i k ࡽ 1 9 9 4 a㸪 1 9 9 4 b , Yu n ࡽ 1 9 9 6㸪P a r k ࡽ 2 0 0 3㸪H u ࡽ 2 0 0 7 )㸬 ࡑ ࡇ ࡛ 㸪 ➨ 1 ❶

࡛ ぢ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ 㸪 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁

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⤌ ᡂ ࡢ ᕪ ␗ ࡸ 㸪ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ S D S ỿ 㝆㔞 ࡢ ቑ ຍ ⛬ ᗘ ࡢ ᕪ ␗ ࡀ 㸪 ᐇ 㝿 ࡢ ຍ ᕤ ⏝ ㏵ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ᪥ ᮏ 㯝 ࡢ 〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ᙳ

㡪 ࡍ ࡿ ࡯ ࡝ ࡢ ᕪ ␗ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡢ ࠿ 㸪 ࡲ ࡓ 㸪〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࡍ ࡿ ࡞ ࡽ ࡤ 㸪

࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᕪ ␗ ࡀ ⏕ ࡌ ࡿ ࠿ ࢆ ᳨ ウ ࡍ ࡿ ᚲ せ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ 㸬

ࡑ ࡇ ࡛ 㸪 ᮏ ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪2 0 1 3 ᖺ ᗘ ࡢ ヨ ᩱ ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡜ 㸪〇㯝

㐺 ᛶ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㔜せ ࡞ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ရ ㉁ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ Ⰽ ࡜ ⏕ ᆅ ≀ ᛶ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ホ ౯ ࡋ 㸪 ࢢ ࣝ ࢸ ࢽ ࣥ ࢧ ࣈ ࣘ ࢽ ࢵ ࢺ ᵓ ᡂ ࡸ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ྵ ᭷ ⋡ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡀ 㸪〇㯝㐺 ᛶ ࡸ ᑠ 㯏 ⢊ ရ ㉁ ࡟ ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ࠿ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ホ ౯ ࡋ ࡓ 㸬