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日本近海の海底堆積物中の珪藻に関する研究 (英文)

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(1)Title. 日本近海の海底堆積物中の珪藻に関する研究 (英文). Author(s). 押手, 敬. Citation. 北海道學藝大學紀要. 第二部, 10(2): 416-495. Issue Date. 1959-12. URL. http://s-ir.sap.hokkyodai.ac.jp/dspace/handle/123456789/5655. Rights. Hokkaido University of Education.

(2) . Dec ,1959. i Univers i i do Gakuge ty Journal of Hokka. I VO ,2 .10 , No. IStudy of Diato1msin M【a亘ne DePosits Sedi江I i og ca entol fro1m. the Adjacent Seas of Japan by. Ke i osH工TE DBPα鷲“ B Bγαれcん z靴むoゾ GBOZO9彩 , , 丑霧序oαα乙. 押手. 敬: 日本近海の 海底堆積物中の娃藻に関する研究. Cont s ent Page 417 i l d 1 t t . . . . n n r o u c o . . . . . ................. ,..... . 4 17 k l d 1 1 A t n .. n w e m e s … o e … … g ............... … , c. ing and management of m 1 1 1 i l t a r a s.. … … e , Sampl l d i t 1 t n v s a e a r e a s e g ・・.・・,.・ ....・・ .. …. …. …. 1 8 … ..4. ・ . ・ ・ . 418 , . ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ , . 427. ing . . , . . . ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ . . . ・ [ 2 ] m ー ethod of sa pl . M dure , . . . ・ ・ ・ … .・..・ L b t e 3 r c ・ . . ・ ・ . . 428 a a o r o r o y p . ir d i ibut ion . , . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . 429 i iaton 1V, Spec tr l s andthe s es of d ic descr i ipt 1 temat on . . . . , . . , . . , . . , . . , . . . . , . . . 429 . Sys i iesin depos i ion of spec ts ‐ . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448 2 t ー pos . Com i i i f D i 3 str bu七on o speces , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456 . iaton i ts.. … ... … ,. … ..... 457 P 4 1 sin depos . roperty on d i t i les and d i i b tu t t s . . . . . . . , . . .. . . 458 V. Number of frus s r u onin depos l i f D i i f b t 1 t t s r u on o rus ues . . , . . , . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . 458 . l i i f f d i f t P b 七 t t 2 s s n r u u e sr u o o . . . . ‐. . . , . . . . . . . . . 468 . roper y o 468 l ff t Nu1 b s r r u s e 1 1e o u ‐..............--‐‐....... tul 0ccurrence percentage offrus es . . ‐ . . . . . . . ‐ . . . .‐ . . 472. l ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477 VI us . Conc I S VI mma r u y . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . ‐ . . . . . . . . . . . . 479 . Li terature . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . ′ . . . . . . . . 480 P1ates ‐ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482. 6一 1 一4.

(3) . l lstudy of d Sed imento iatomsin mar ine depos i ts ogica. l , INTRODUCTION low mar ine depos i Diatomsi 1939 ts were s 1950 tedt ( tudi ) n shal ) ed by Hus , Brockmann( ,. 1951 A1 eem ( ) and the others, From these works we can learn the general properties of ibut ion, i d diatoms on ts and thier di str ‐ epos ln depos i f Japan, diatoms have remained unknown but a few ts i jacent seas o n the ad. 1932 ino( 1950 1955 1955 hara( t ) report s by skvo ) )andlchi r zov( ) , , Ni , Kato(. ine i fy the di ibut ion of diaton]s in mar ln t ter wi hi shes to clar str s investigation the wri. i depos f Japan and further the relations between the depositions of diatoms and ecological ts o ions of envi t ronl r l ent condi .. Diatoms occur i n abundantin marine Neogene deposits in Japan, When the character l l 行nd a key to understand the envi ion of diatoms i f deposi t ron宜 l ent s ascertained, we sha o i d i d d in whi h t t a we r e e e oms o s c p .. igated bot i To t ter invest tom depos hi tsi rom l950 s end, the wri n adj acentseasofjapanf ,. l lowing i the fo s study. s the result ofthi. 1 1 . ACKNOW÷LBDGEM[ENTS imoto Professor E meri tuso f The writer wishes to express hi s deep thanks to Dr. H, Fui , i 6 6 f i f h i d T ky Univers i ty o Educaton, or s gu ance and encouragement ,. P f i i ly thanks Dr f T6hoku University,the The wr ter grateful ,S.Kokubo , ro essor E mertuso former Di ty, f the N[arine BiologicaI Station at Asa]mushiattachedto T6hoku Universi rector o i for hi ter s constant guidance and encouragement to the wr .. ino T6ky6 Univers i i f l bl Cordialthanks areo貰eredto Dr ty of Fi sher es .日,Ni , , or many va ua e ions dur ing the work, sugget i He expresses deep grat tude to Dr . S. Motoda and Dr , T, Tamura , T, Kawamura, , Dr i i i i l b b i U i i f h i k d k l l l teratures Hokka i d6 n versty, or t er n ness n ma ng ava a e many va ua e l , Dr . iminary manuscr T, Kawamura al i i l ly the prel ipt t so read cr ca .. Deep thanks f da rom the writer are due to many others: Mr, K, Hirota, N1r, Y. Yoshi i l l i H h i o伍 A h l h i i h d D h d l M S dt t H t t M an r ce e wr er n eco ec on , . . , , , os no , y rograp ca , japan, e pe Hakodate observatory N1 heformer Di f t t r e c o r o ofsamples. Dr.Y,Takenouchi .H, Kawasaki , , r , f the Takaoka HighSchoo lprovided the Di f N[aizuru observatory, and N1r,,M, Ueda o rector o fac i l i i t es during the 6eld works. ion i i le Fi bers ipps1nst tut Dr f Text .1I Kanaya, Scr ,and Dr , モエ okuno , Ky6to University o i teri of oceanography, helped the wr n various way.. i l ly D i I Station at Asa・muchi 4r t The members o f the ハ4arine Bi l su o ogi ca . T. ok , partcu ar h i i i h l b T b f i l i d t t t t t t d ハ 江 i t B t k d l t e a ora ory. e nves ga on a r an . , su a a , n y ac a e. ter on the present i Dr ta o賃ered invaluable advice to the wri j , Y, Fu , M. 0lnori and Mr. ion. invest igat. i IPed the Wr i i Universi ty, he ter d6 Gakuge ハ4r 厘r ,S.Sakagami , Y. Sotozaki and 八 , Hokka. throughoutthe work.. i i l ly,the wr Fina ter wi shestoexpressh sdeep thankstothejapanese ルlinistry of Education ter and the S6ma H6onkai at Hakodate for providing needed funds to the wri . The present. ible in part through these 五nancial supports igat invest ion was rendered poss ,. -417-.

(4) . K, oshi te. 1 1 1 PLING AND MANAGBM:ENT OF MATβRIA鵜 , SAMC 1 . lnvestigated areas igated as fol lows: Sa1mples fro 1 〔 n nine areas were invest. i Harbour 1 ( ) Wakkana. の ◎. Uchiura Bay. 0f f日. i. i. orozum ④ M[utsu Bay ◎ i 0任 01 1 l ◎ K d B ⑦ un a ay T6ky6 Bay ◎ ik B Ar ◎ a e ay. Uranouchi Bay. 1 ) ) Wakkanai Harbour(Table l, Figure l ( . Thi f the present study. The harbour lies on the northern l ost area o si s the northernlr. th i ty o f Hokka d6 extremi . The entire coastin this areashows aseriesof・narineterraces, wi. i developed coastal plains and sma i ; r l linaowing rivers. ]n the c l i l i … akkana s of terraces, the V. ions(Tert iary)crop out and Koetoiformat . ioI The Koetoi format 1 l s often ri ch in. wokkono′ ”drbour. ine diato江. i 江ーar s but very rarei nthe ▽Vakkana format ion. The te lmperature of surface layer in the. 0 harbour was low in February, -1 44 ‘ 0, and . o 058 C i hi n the years l951‐57. ghin August ,2, ini The values of average sal ty of the. o ・ 5 ‐25N. 35% in 31% to33 surface layer ranged f rom 34 . .. l951-57 .. VVarnn waters f l ロ ーa Current rom the Tsushi. 1m the okhotsk Sea are and cold waters fro ixed in the region. n,. w。kkd 141 ‐40E. ionsi ing stat sampl nthe harbourarethree,. i the deepest stat I eters in depth, on i s 16.5 1r. Thi s area wa s surveyed bythe Hydrographical. o. 2 KM. ionsof 斬了akkana i Harbour Fig , stat ,1 ,. ing apParatus was a dredge 0任 i 955 ce in August . . The samP1 ,1. l ) (2) Uchiura Bay(Tab e l, Figure 2 . Uchiura Bay i lometers lying in the southern th a dia]meterofca, 40 ki s a ci rcular bay wi , he southeast h b t f H i 6 h h k k d T t ft t t r a n r r ow 江 ー o o o a u a e n s o a , e p o o e y p ,. The greater part of,the bay i i f pun・ th mLuddy deposits, and gravelso 1 ・ cefro1 s covered wi. surrounding volcanoes can be seen in narrow regions .. The deepest po int( 107 meters)is s l ight ly northwest of the center of the bay and the. f the bay i 1 etersi s 負at and less than 1oo n〔 n depth. greater part o Around the bay there are l l i d k h h 1 ーany volcanoes , an vocan c roc s crop out near t e sout. 8一 -41.

(5) . Sed iment。 log ica ls tudy of d iatomsin mar ine depos i t s TABLE I .. t s ,. 1. Wrakkana i H, 1. Uch iura B.. l. L 唖,E 0‐43 ′ 141. L誠t ,N. 1 d( ) 1 m. 0一24 ′ 45. 2 3 .. 0 2 .. 24. 6 7 。. 1 1 .. 43. 25. 16 3 .. 2 3 .. O 50 .. 7 2 .. 85 O .. 13 6 .. 90 O .. 21 6 .. 91 O .. 2 11 .. O 73 .. 14 1 .. 140÷ ‐ r 23 36 38 45 142--53 54 55 57 58 59 143 -- 1. 42--20 20 20 20 20 14 14 16 16 7 42-- 7 7 6 7 6 5 4 4 4. 0 . 3. 1 . 2. 2 . 2. 3 . 1. 4 5 1. 142--52 56. 6. 57. 17 路 19. 59 -O 143-. 6 6 5 5 4 4. 20. 3. 21. 3. 22. 4. 3 . 2 2. 4 . 7. 1. 5 . 8. 1. 6 7 8 . 10 142--54. 9 0 1 2 . D( km ) ー. 42. 27. of r Horo i zumi l. 1. STATIONS. 56 57 58. 143-- O. 0 6 5 4 3 3. 3 . -4 19-. 5 16 .. 2 1 。. 15 4 .. 1 6 .. 20 O .. 1 3 .. 13 2 .. 1 3 .. 17 6 .. Q8. O 22 .. 1 2 .. 22 O .. 1 O 。. 14 1 .. 0 9 .. 15 6 .. O 1 .. 10 9 .. 0 7 .. 8 O .. 0 7 .. 8 4 。. 0 6 .. 14 3 .. 0 6 .. 38 O .. 3 O .. 30 O .. 3 0 .. 36 O .. 2 7 .. 40 O .. 2 8 .. 42 O .. 2 4 .. 32 O .. 2 4 .. 30 O .. 2 7 .. 28 O .. 2 6 .. 29 O .. 2 3 .. 31 O .. 2 4 .. 29 0 .. 2 2 ,. 27 O .. 1 9 ,. 27 O .. 1 9 .. 48 O .. 3 5 .. 56 O .. 4 4 .. 58 O .. 4 7 。. 60 O .. 4 6 。. 47 O .. 3 7 .. O 46 .. 4 5 ,. 0 43 .. 4 6 .. M. 4 6 6 6 5 へ d n d r o. 32 29 29 32 31 30 27 21 05 08 07 32 32 33 31 31 32 29 18 08 0 3 ..

(6) . i K, osh te. t S ,. 1. 回. L 哩,回. i34 0f f Horo i zunl 35. 3 リー 3 ′ 143 4. 36. 6. 37. 7. 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46. 142--53 53 55 56 58. 48 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 8 5 5 9 60 61 M【 ut su Bニ. I. N. L誠t ,N. 1 d(m). 2 0- 2 ′ 42 1 1. 142 ‐一53. O 4 .. O 39 .. 4 0 .. O 40 .. 3 9 .. 38 O .. 4 3 .. O 38 .. 3 3 .. O 37 .. 2 4 .. O 66 .. 5 2 .. O 71 .. 5 5 .. O 70 .. 3 6 .. O 76 .. 7 2 .. 61 O .. 6 1 .. O 62 .. O 6 .. 62 O .. 8 7 .. 41--59. 53 0 .. 6 4 .. 58. O 45 .. 3 3 .. 42-- 2. 86 0 .. 3 10 .. 85 O .. 7 10 .. o 9 41--59 9 59 5 42-- 5 6 4 3 2. 57 58. 41- 58. 81 O .. 13 1 .. 143-- 3. 56. 58 O .. 10 5 .. 56. 50 O .. 6 7 .. 58. 0 104 .. 9 15 .. 142- 54 57 57 2 143- 2 7. 57. O 107 ,. 18 3 .. 55. 91 0 .. 3 18 .. 54. 70 O ,. ・ 8 16 .. 53. O 55 .. 11 1 .. 142 ‐一53. 55. O 115 .. 21 2 .. 56. 53. O 103 .. 22 2 .. 54. 53. O 119 .. O 24 .. 141-14. 41-- 2. 53. 4. 51. 4′. 52. 52 20 51. 47. 58. 43 39. u 12 13. 45 52. 140一59. 10. km ) 1 1 D(. 41 O .. 143-- O. 47 49. i. 45. 40--50. 44. 54. 44. 58. 43. 41- 一6. 39. 10. 40. 10. -420-. 15 37 54 65 22 60. 0 8 . 2 10 . 6 6 . 4 8 . O 2 . 8 2 . I 7 .. M≠ 14 17 17 20 22 12 22 22 24 31 24 21 05 08 33 32 34 11 09 39 38 36 35 19 38 35 37 61 38 42 31 50 58. 1 O . O 1 . 6 3 . 7 O . 2 6 . 1 O . 3 1 .. 3 3 3 . 3 1 ..

(7) . Sed imento l lstudy ofdiatomsin mar ine depos i ts ogi ca. 1 1. st . Mut su B.. 14 14 15. Long .国 0-42 ′ 140. 16 17. 20. 24. f 6mi of. , 1 l 2. Kunda B,. 1 I 2. 10. 59. 10. 20. 40. 41-- 6. 40. 11. 26. 10. 15. 13. 140--59. 6. 44. 59. 10. 13. 141-- 8. 11. 12. 137--52. 57-‐ 4. 79. 55. 5. 80. 135--18. 35- ‐32. 3 13 ,. 17・. 32. 5 10 .. 16. 32. 3 10 .. 15. 33. 3 14 .. 15. 32. 20 0 .. 17. 31. 24 5 .. 18. 31. 22 6 .. 19. 31. 8 19 .. 20. 33. 37 0 .. 18. 33. 35 O .. 17. 33. 31 5 .. 139--43. 35--13. ?. 46. 13. ca . 50. 46. 12. 66. 130-23. 33- -3. 2 1 .. 21. 1. 6 8 .. 21. 32- -59. 5 0 .. 21. 55. O 32 .. 133…-21. 25 30- ‐ ‐. 6 O .. 23. 25. O 12 .. 24. 25. O 21 .. 24. 26. 0 5 .. 25. 26. O 10 .. 25. 27. 6 O .. 26. 26. 20. 5 6 7 8 9 10 11. 3 iake B. Ar. 1. i B, 2 Uranouch. 54 40-‐58. 4. T6ky6 B,. 30. 50. 3. 1 I 2. 70. 46. 141-- 5. 22. 25. d(m). 44. 21 23. 0-10 ′ 41. 49. 18 19. i Lat t .N. 1 1 1 1 2 . dr m) … Depthin meter l D (km)… Di stance from coastin ki ometer. l i in 多 sca t )of dePos Md… …… Median diameter( e. ‐4 21-. D (km) 43 ・ 21 . 07 ・ 21 ’ 60 ・ 89 ・ 89 . 45 ‐ 20 ・ 82 . 15 ’ 19 ・ 15 . 24 ・ 14 ’ 19 1 12 . 02 ・ 09 ‐ 07 . , 07 ● 07 - 15 . 25 ・ 09 . 03 , 25 . 41 ・. M≠ 3 2 . 2 3 4 4 4 3 4 5 . 2 6 。. 45 47 54 52 36 68 60 5 66 2 60 65. 4 ・ 4 . 36. 6 . 22. 7 . 12. 02 02 02 02 03 02 0 2 .. 34.

(8) . i K.osh te. ーO KM iura Bay i 「 Fig ch onsof U . . Stat .2 l ly for ing c i f l … l l ゴ ロ and north coasts s , usua .. The coastal p la in i ti snot wide. SeveralriverS s developed only on the west coast , buti. HOW in, but notlong eXcePt the River YaraPPu.. oc and f bay,iS 1ow i The surface ten1Perature in the centraI Part o iout2 n February, al , o o h i ii 2 C in Apr i l b l hi tin June ghes , , ,22 C. The temPerature in ottom ayer reac es ts m n mum, o f i l f 3 N b 9 2 5 5 d b C l i i f 7 i t 2 i 7 S rv t n ovem er a nty o sur ace aye ares rom . % o .0 an max mum a ou .. %.. iat ions o These var f temPerature and salinity are in負uenced by the strength ofin負ow of. l d waterin the bottom issupposed asthestagnent the Tsushi・na and oyashio Current. Theco water of the oya shi o Current. ing a dredge i 1956, us lected by the wr ter in August The samples i n the bay were col ,. igned by h des imse l f th pieces of Pulnice. . SamP1es were lnud or sandy mud wi. f Horo i 3 ) e l, Figure 3 ( ) of zumi(Tabl . 1ometersi 1ometers i The area extends over about 20 ki n n Eー▽▽ direction and about25 ki ion. N‐S di rect 〇n the coast between Samani and t he River Horoman,biotite,gneiss,gabbro and perido‐ fthe Hi i daka te are exPosed. The coast from the River Ho ll scomposedo t romanto Horoizunl. i eay Consisting of sandstone and slate, but near CaPe Erimo narrow outcroPs of group, ch i iary format inue Tert ons cont .. South o f the River Horoman, Hat wi de plains 50-80 meters in dePth are developed, and i i N i l l d d b t ts werefound wi th l l ear st ce depos genera y covere y coarse epos s. .56 Pul . 30 and st. f terrestrial origin. plantS o. OCto 19210C and salini The telnperature o ty f surface watero茸 U「 61 rakawarangedfro ln o . , .. 37身元inthe years l951一57. These variationsarechie丑y duetothe variation ofrelative 30 84-33 . ・ -4 2 2-.

(9) . i ts l ine depos Sed imento i atomsin mar ogi calstudy of d. o . 42 5 ‐0. 47 0. 380 \ 39. o ・ 42 ‐00. 4 1 53. 、. \ ミ. 4 1 -5うN. \. α o. 0. 5. 1 0KM. i ionso性 Horo Fig zuml . ,3 . Stat strength of the Tsushima Current and 0yashio Current .. f i ion of The P1ankton Col t 【 nPos. tyPe iginated froln the war ies fron ln currentto a winter- Urakawa al tyPe or 【 l a sum mer- so var fro1 ヒ n the cold water . lected by t he H=ydrograPhical 0伍cei nthesulnlnerof1955. Sa ]mP1es of thi s area were Col ii d l lsandsorsan y・P L i ing, Depos uds tsare alnnosta Dredges were usedi nsampl ,often Conta n ng lusks and echinoderms fera 【 lol ]mini nlany fora , , bryozoa ,n. ) 4 ( ) Mutsu Bay (Table ], Figure 4 . lo‐ f the bayi f Honsha i sabout50ki ハ4utsu Bay l es at the northern・nost o , The length o The narrow 江ー nthe northernWest outh of bay opensi. lo h ith about 40 ki Ineters 江ー eters , ,t e w d i d s part towar Tsugaru trat ,. l ost sl1 iayi f the Tsushima Current on the planktoninthi st f the ina‐ The in日uence o ow o ingthe ikinglyincreas iesstr 【 l waterspec : nber each year n october and rovel remarkable i , warn b kind and nun 〔 ゴ ー er . ly minimum in February, about 4oC. The The value of surface temperature i s usual o n septe]mber or october. At the botto]m the 【 コ LPerature i s about 24 C i maxi ・nun・ surface ten. 23- -4.

(10) . K, osh i te om1 f o nq. 0. . 5 0. 4 Mの5u β。y ・ 04 \ / 。3 . i O o. 2 . . . E. 8. None i i. Aomor t. 】 。K 塵. ?. Fig ions of M [ utsu Bay .4 . Stat , temーperature ・ ly l‐20C 1ower than at the surface s general .. The surface sal ini ty decreases in spring When snow Waters 負ow in.. not beyond 33%. round,. Atthesurfacei ti s. At the bottom,the salinity i l 75紙 a lthe year s almost constant . , about 33. Coastal plains develope only at the southern end of the ba but not el swhere. y, The sa l f h b ]mp es ro lected in 、 ]m t e ay were col i day, 1952 by the wr ter . The apparatus used was a snapper type sampier .. 5 ( ) 0畳 0mi(Table 1, Figure 5. ) The area i f 0lni igata prefecture and the stat ions l ies at the head of a mar s of ine , Ni ,. Canyon.. 37‐1O N. 山Nm 旅 INTERV AL. . o mL. 155-45E. ー0O METERS,. . 0. 5. 10KM. Fig ions o性 6mi . Stat .5 .. -4 24-.

(11) . i ine depos ts Sed imento l i icals tudy of d atomsin mar og 00o meters buted atadepth overl ln thi ly di lue muds, whi s area, b ri st ,are ch are general , found。 The samP1es were col lected by the H [ydrogaPhi ce cal 0任i .. 6 ) (. Kunda Bay(Tab le l, Figure 6 ) ,. Kunda Bay i low bay s i f ▽Vakasa Bay. Thelengthi s tuated at the western parto s a shal Th t 2 0 t r e e r b e a t s Average depth i e r me g s a ou ,. lometers and the wi 8 ki lometers dth 5 ki , ,. f the coast consists of granite and diorite. From the south Coastthe River Yura aoWs Part o. into the bay,. 。 6 0. 化物 も. 8/. o4. ′ 。 ・. 」. \\\を ; \. g. 35-50N 0. 1. 2. IE o ーば‐2. 5如. Fig ions of Kunda Bay ,6 . Stat . h f b ・ na Current 丑ows f fthi rom southwestto northeast 0f s bay the Tsushi , and one ranc o. i t 負ows in thi s bay,. ini ty ly, Thechlor The temperature of the surface layer ranges f rom 90C to 200C annual h f h t h i h b l l N e iable n t e ay, usua y 1 7 5-18 5%. ear t e mout o s var of the surface layer i , . ‐ River Yur ti n summer ai s often below 5約 i . i lected by the wr l ter in The samples were co. ts are sand o th rr nud wi july . Bottom deposi ,1954. many fragments of mollusks and foraminifera,. \… Y。k。suk。. ) 7 ) T6ky6 Bay(Table l, Figure 7. (. . Ur。9q. ions are nearthe mouth ofthe bay and The stat. ol. l lectedby members ]mP1es wereco 0茸 Uraga. Thesa. 。2 3 。. i ts in of the party of Research on Recent Depos 1955. T6ky6 Bay in November ,. 0 ’ 5 5-1 ON. The apparatus. i ino dredge. l N used w wa as the ト ,. lusks th α, ol The samーples were sand wi , Fro,m. .. 宅. 20. lear ti s c f examination on mollusks, i the result o i i t c and that thi s area is a mixed region of ner ]m the Kuroshio Current c waters fro oceani .. fthesurfacete.nperature The mi nimunnvalueo imim valuei February and max C i i s26,7oC n s ll . -4 25一. \. 5。 - , ,9. 9 一 4。E 3 , o 1. skM 一. i Fig onsof T6ky6 Bay , . Stat ,7.

(12) . K.osh i te in August o f f Tateyar 1 〔 la in the year l941一 49 . The sal ini ty o f surface layer at the same station ranged f 03% to 34 69% in the rom 28 . .. -49 year l941 .. iake Bay(Tab 8 l ( ) Ar ) e l, Figure 8 . Ar iake Bay i sa bay atthe northwestof Kyasha. Thesamplesinvestigated were collected h near t e center o f the bay, o賃 △α i ike .. 4r/o左e β oy 0ー. 02. M1 i ke. 0. - 3 3 0ON. 6. ぐ 。 5 KM. 0. ionsof Ar Fig iake Bay .8 . Stat , 1n thi ine channels extend s s area narrow bars and submar i de by side in NーS direction,. The bot i tom depos 1y coarse andsort ts are genera1 ingi s notgood. Theremarkablething hi about t s bay is a very strong inaow of water fronl many riversin the north coast along. ine channels submar ,. The surface temperature in spr 0Ci ing i f the bay, about 20 s 160C at the central part o n h i ior o t e nter f the bay. The salini f the surfac water i ty o s 31‐32% in spring at the center of bay, 29-30海 at the interior. Thetemperaturerises in autumn upto 21‐220C atthecenter.. 9 ) (. Uranouchi Bay(Tab l e l. Figure 9). .. Uranouchi Bayi sasha}low bay situatedinthecentralpartof Tosa Bay.. The bay extends in an EーV V direction and very narrow in NーS direction. Near st 1 3 h t d thi s max・mum, . , e ep 24 meters and gradual l h l l h t t d ial ly near the nnouth o e east an west y s a ows o f bay, , , Espec the very 丑at and shal low area spreads and the in負○w of oPen sea water i s very disturbed. , 工n sunQmer when the alnounto fra infa l li lmostcovered sabundant sa , ,thesurfaceofbayi. -426一.

(13) . Sed imentol ine depos i iatomsin mar ts ogi calstudy of d. 。だ. Usq roso βoy oー 2 3 9 。 。 2 , 0 22 0 02 1. 9 ) o\ ′ 、 l 、 0 o6 7・ 0. 0 -メN 5 3. Oう o2 6 、つ 3 1 2KM ionsof UranouchiBay Fig , . Stat .9. by fresh water,. oC and The temperature at the surface i 5 t s hi ghin July and Augus . , maximum value31 , o l n February and 瓜4arch, minimum Value ll.4 c, oW i ini f surface layerin winterand springisabout18,5踊,andin sum mer varles The chlor ty o. ini from 2 to l9%. The chlor ty i s almost constant throughout the year, n 20 meters layer i. 16 1‐19 00%. , ,. lower area near the nQouth o ts The shal f bay iscovered bycoarse deposi ,sand and gravel. i l lusks ts are 賃ne,rnud and sandy th fragments of α1 wi o , エn the area further western, dePos mL ud are found,. i lectedbythe wr ter wi th a dredgei The samples from thi s bay Were col n November,1953. 2. 間【 ] m L ethod of sa P1ing lected by dredges ials used i N[ost of the mater n the present investigation were col , At. i tableforthi i五ed Ekman-Bi 入江utsu Bay, a mod rge sa ] m中ler wasused, Th sapparatus Wassui s low stat ions ing hoi ing, Th i st OW out dur si sonly used atshal study because samples cannot H , ‐ ly thi table for s apparatus i s sui At deep stations the ハ[arukawa sampler was used. General i i d 6ne depos b t, Both piecesof apparatus are supposed i t bl f ts , utnotso su a e or coarse epos s. lect the surface layers o f sedir to col ・ lel辻s ,. faniron fra]1le andiron wlre- At T6ky6 Bay,. i i the 寸 sconsistso no dredge Was used, Thi l canvas sack at the end, Thi ing wi t th a smal s is heavy and often catches on rocks net. tom, but outcroPPing on the bot. imes 日ow outi ing, ia ls so lmet r ne l ーater n hoist. i ingo fanirontube( 1ocent ime‐ The sampler used at Uranouchi Bay was a dredgecons st. imetersi ters i nlength,atthe nl ength)and acanvassack,30 cent n diameter, 30 centimeters i lected i low waters V i n shal th this apparatus, 五ne materials are safely col end, V ,. i The apparatus used by the H: cal 0作 cei sa dredge consisting of an iron tube ydrographi ly i f tube usual s lo‐15 centimeters. th a canvas sack at the end, The diameter o wi i i ter used the samL At Uchiura Bay and Kunda Bay the Wr s ch he designed, Thi pler wh. 45×30×45 cent imeters in s i i ing of an i i ron franQe ze st s a dredge cons , , and a canvas. i l depos ts inneters in length at the end, Thi s very useful for al s apparatus i sack, 60 cent , - 427一.

(14) . K, osh i te r texture whatever thei .. ing operat ion the dredge was lowered f ln the sa 1 m LP1 rom the boat andthe wire payed out i f i d h i l h h l t 〕 Qes the dePth of b d l ne use was aLout three t as t e oat move away, unt t e engt o ly i water re wast edfasttothedeck andthe dredgetowed ashort didtance,usual . Then the wi. i ts Were Pouredinto isted and the depos not n [ lore than 200 meters , The dredge was then ho les or bags bott ,. 3 .. Laboratory procedure lys i △江echanical ana s. ieved wi fthe sa1 ルーost o th eight Ty1er standard sieves, Thescreen diameters ユ ーP1es were s iods of shaking inute per 064 mi l imeters l imeters to o rty nn rom 2.5 mi of sieves range f . Thi . l Th f h ] m Lples i l e 6ne sa 2 0 f t ・ ] L e s d t s a h h k e a c r om i t o n l a e r a s p r ams g , n e s a er were use on. 193の. l ing method employed by Tra t sk( were analysed by the set. ive frequency curves for each of the samples separated are Presented in a CumLulut l i ty PaPer. The diameters of the screensinthesievesare plottedin termsofphi‐scale probabi ly f d di 伍 i i rect rom 夢 )of Krumbein (1936) ( . The median diameter and sortng coe Cent are rea ive curve on the graph. the cunlulut C1eaning ined on as l ideim mediately, ly clean and can be e×an1 ts are usual The frustules i n deposi tab1e 1 contents and are not sui l ines such frustu1es as Navi s have c e But somet cu1oid diato江. lowing cleaning l 1 l ethod was employed. ion. on t for insPect hi s occasion,the fol hi f h i h f i i h t i l 1 t rty minutes 6 HC i l d o r The sa ]mP1es are rst bo e n a v a w , t en a ter was ng. S04forthirty minutes, th 日2 i l th HNOS and then Wi th water ーmples are bo ed 五rst wi wi ,the sa. hd i h th water ized wi th Na2C。3 neutra1 . , t en was e w. ハ江ount lng ly ・nountedin Hyrax and Styrax. 工n countmg ial ide were usual l The・nater sspread on thes he lnedium for mounting. f frustules, balsan 【 ・ was often used as t number o Count ing of frustules ing the frustules, Two n [ : lethods were used in count d led water i l laced i l h i f t n a beaker with 20 cc of dist 1 o e s e s amp p , an ne gram o () h t o f t i l f e r b i e wa t i i e c c i f d t n i t r c e s b a o k d t o n o h l h i t r u [ l s p thoroug y s a en n or er o o a n un orn .. l i i d by 20to f l t ides i s drawn by a pipette and spread on sl , The counts of rustu es are nlu p e ial ly used on the mater s i s method Was most he total nunnberforone gram ofdeposit give t , Th fronn ルlutsu Bay,. ly he60 mesh screen werespread usual 5 grams of the sar ・ IP1e passed t ) M aterials ofo (2 .. After the total number of frustules were counted up, the counts were il i t mul ed by 2 to give the number in one gram of deposit, on the very coarse materas Pi h 1 i t d s ent e r e ts h d n I e s i n n a n Th n o s d t p l s s e o P wa u n o s・ e one or two grams samp es were use .. l ides on l1一15 s ,. igat ion, invest. - 428 ‐.

(15) . Sed imento lstudy of d l iatomsin marine depos ogica i ts Photographing The photograPhs were made wi ive6 th posit lm and a351 nm canQera. 人dostofthe 五gures r r e made at a mLagni l 行cat we ion o f600一1p00x andrare lyo f.,500×, ln the P1atesinthi sPaper these 行gures are a l l shown at a 化l ion of ca, 600×. agni賃Cat. IV, SPECIES OF DIATOM[ S AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION 工n the samples o f deposits from ad j acent seas of Japan, the writer found 216 sPecies , lI Varieties and 3 formae of diatoms belonging to 59 genera , The taxonomic arranger l l ] [ lent f o owedi f Hus .e to that o 1930 s dt tedt( ). ,. 1. SystemLatic description Genus 五 ‐α Aga - 名 Zo81 e 1 rdh 亙名 ‐ Zosirα 91 fs; V. Heurck SynoPs e ) Ral αれ頭α如 (Ehr, i 行 ,9「12 s , .87 , 1884 , PI , Fresh , gs idely di W丁 i b d t sr ute .. water spec . es,. Com mon in Wrakkanai Harbour o任 Horoizu 1mi and Uchiura Bay, ,. Rareo茸 0 mi in T6ky6 , Bay and Kunda Bay Very abundanti ‐ 1 6 1 n Uranouchi Bay, PI , . , g, , 羽石錫o8蓄rα 9rα殉錫Zαfα form cz i 1 五 s . grりα士α Grun.; V, Heurck, Synops , 884 , pl , 87 , g. 18, Fresh water spec ies V ery common in plankton. , Present o昔 日oro izumi and in Uranouchi Bay rare PI 1 五g 9 . , , , , , 虜彰zosirα 誌のz ing; Hustedt Bac i l lar iophyta 1930 p 90 6gs 50一52 Fresh ) Kutz cα(Ehr. , , , . ,r , . V ibuted. Water spec. es str ・ Widely di Not rare o任 Horo izumi and i n Uchiura Bay,. 尊名 ing; V. Heurck synops eZosかα 遊8云αれ8(Ehr ) Katz i 1 , pl 6gs s . , .86 , 884 .21一23, Fresh ,‐ ibuted, water spec les. VVidely di str. Very rare o廿 Horoi zumi n UChiura Bay and Ar i ake Bay, , common i i 励行 z i A d e os rα αre九αr1 α oore; V, Heurck, Synops i 1 8 8 4 1 s P , , 90, 負gs , . 1-3. Specl es ,. Fresh water. Very rare o任 H[ iake Bay oroi zumi ,in Uchiura Bay and Ar , 及百錫o8かα 8“Zcαtα (Ehr. ing; V. Heurck Synops ) Katz i 云 ,16一18 s , .91 ,1884,PI . , gs i i i t ttoraL COS i ner tan. Frequent c and l ly presented in P1ankton I T ーopol .. Mar ine ,. Abundand in al l samples examined one of the predominant speciesi bot tom deposi ts n , , Usual ly found in long chains P 6 L . 2 , , g, . 崩れ eZo8かα “れα錫Z鵬 α(Ehr ) Kutzing; Hustedt lalgen 1 1927 p 245 6g 10 , , Kiese , , , , , ‐, 2 . Fresh w ′ater sPeC1 es , Rare ly present in Ar iake Bay. Genus 五n sc“8 Ehrenberg ″αZodi. 王者〃αZoαゐc“8 8“る畑Z ley; i lalgen 1 1927 p, 291 6g 132 . N[arine s Bai ; Hustedt , Kiese . , , , , , , l i i t toral i l l d N [ t t l F n r s l ti s c o wa e o r e u e n n y q , p ankton, . Rare o f f 日[oroizumi ,. -429-.

(16) . i K. osh te. Genus Sfeのたαれ○更″工お Ehrenberg. 4 I 83 五. 12. i s l f SZ . . ) Ra s; V.Heurck,SynoPs s(Gr ev.and Arn, E夢 )乃α刀oの″〆海 士綿rri ,188,P. , g Ner i ic l i f l k V ti t t t n 1 n e r r n n a n o c o sα o o a e u e p y q p , , , iake Bay hi Bay, Ar i U i Co i H〔arbour, not rare o茸 Horoizun1 ]mlnon i n VVakkana , n ranouc. and Uchiura Bay. PL 1, 6gs , 3, 4 . ,7. Genus sたeZeto刀emα Gr l l e evi 1914 s元ezetoれ例明脇 costα云“”@{Gregory) C1eve; Akatsuka, P1ankton diatoms .1, ,p,8,PI , i l C t 6g, 5 N i i i l l f a n d i h t t i b k - エ ー o o s o p er c . , . , occasona y oun n rac s wa ers ly co1m1 Fai r 1on i 1 n Uranouchi Bay, not rare in Ariake Bay, PI . . 4, 五g. 8 Genus G汐do tαZ α Katzing 云 83 Fresh 354 ll 1 1927 ing; Hustedt Ki G″cZofe夏α com暖α(Ehr ) Katz , g.1 , , P, . , ese a gen, , ly di ibuted. water species str , VVide iake Bay・ Presenti n ルーutsu Bay, not rare. Rarely found in Uchiura Bay and Ar Fresh 4 3 6 5 97 lalgen, 1 二 CおcZotαZα るodαれたα Eulenst ese ustedt , 五g. 18 . .; H , 1 2 , p. , Ki water・species . iake Bay. i and in Ar Rare o任 H[ oroi zunl. 16 344 Kiesela lgen, 1, 1927 Cgdoze“α striα士α (Kutz ) Grunow; Hustedt , 五g. 7 . , P, . , . l i tan. i l l f d in bracki ・ エ ・ ine i opo 脱[ar t toral sh and fresh waters , Cos ,l , occasona y oun i in H [ 任 H b i k i V V k i C d r i oroi zuα1 t r o u o h f Rat er requentin 江l a l 旧 Lmon n a ana o ar ne epos s , , , R f0 i B f areo m,not ハ4utsu Bay and T6ky6 Bay. Abundanti n UranouchiBay and Kunda ay. 1. rare i n Uchiura Bay. PI , 10 . 1, 五gs , 1 ine, 五 179 ‘ [ar 348 1 1927 i ll l; Hustedt C″cZote夏α st″Zor秘m Brightwel . △ , g. ,P. , K ese a gen, , l i t toral les ln water spec . . VVar Presenti n ハ4utsu Bay, rather comぱーon, Genus GosdれodZ scz zs Ehrenberg 五 lalgen, 1, 1927 Kiese tedt Goscまれodi sc”8 e工α刀士ric“s Ehrenberg; Hus , p, 388, g. 201. , ly di ibuted in the northern hemi ly ner i i sphere. i, but frequent ine t str N[ar c . t刃ide , ocean c ooo or ly o任 日oroi 0 ly com mon, ESPecial l samples examined, usual zumi Found from al ,1 ,. more frustules Per gram of deposit were found. P1 . ,1 ,5 , 五g. 3 6g.204 1927 i l Z刀eα云“8 Ehrenberg; Hustedt Gosc蓄蔵odi sc“s Z . M[arine, ,p. 92 ,‐ , K ese algen, i h l R tan. i i k t t C t f i i b f l d a e rc o smo n n t c a o t n e r mo n t pol n om p ocean c , , u requen y oun nearcoas. 6 6 1 1 l i l P l samp es Present in al , , g. , . Far y com mon. ine, 五 20 N[ar lalgen, 1 Cosci Zαri ese ′ zoαZ sc“s steZ s Roper; Hustedt , 1927, p, 396, g, , Ki ibuted. str oceani c . Widely di B i K d B i M[ Not rare i i Harbour, com mon o昔 日oroizumi akkana n Wr , n utsu ay,rare n un a ay. and Uchiura Bay.. 0 ll 1 1927 Goscまれodisc“8 Ro法錦 (Ehr ) Grunow; Hustedt . 211 , p. 40 , 五g . , Kiese a gen, ,. i i Neri tan. t c, Cosmopol Comn1on o葺 日oroi zumi .. ine, 1 1927 i ll Gosc老九odi ustedt g.209 scz g s 亘級tzあれgZ A, S.; 日: r . N【ar , P.398, 6 , K ese a gen, , ly on cold waters i i ic tan, nlost t ner lnopol . . Cos. -430一.

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