fulminata

Type: In the British Museum (Natural

History),

^{London. According to}

REEVE, the specimen in CuMMING's collection ^was brought from Japan ^by

Text fig. 6. F. (Pse♪haea?) megasPira (Sow･) ^{Holotype in the}

British Museum (NaturalIiistory). ^{Dr･ KEEN's phQtO･}

66 T. SIiIKAMA

P･ F･ SIEBOLD

(1796‑1866)

who stayed ^at Nagasaki for a period of 1823‑28 and visited Edo

(Tokyo)

^{in 1826･ At} that time ⁱⁿ Japan ^it was almost impossible to get deep sea Fulgoraria as obtained nowadays by trawling白sheries. In the Kwanto area including Edo of the Edo age, species of Fulgoraria

brought

by丘shermen

might

^{have been concinna, rosea,} angulosa, preuostiana ^and magma.

T･ KuRODA had ^a doubt that megaspira ^{may be} elongata ^from offChoshi.

In general outline ^they may look _{similar at} a

glance, but the state of columella plaits is _quite different _and the latter species has _no lustre and lives in deep

Seas, SO that it ^is obtainable only by

got it ^from _a丘sberman in Nagasaki, if

CuMMINGS･ Also it _may be possible brougb to Nagasaki･ Inspite of ^a long in Nagasaki, trawling丘sheries ⁱⁿ East

deep ^sea trawling･ ^Perhaps SIEBOLD it _was true that ^he offered ^{it to} that ^a shell in East China Sea was

time pursurance by A. YAMAMOTO China Sea _{could not} bring _any shells resembling megaspira･ ^The writer ^{has a} doubt that the ^type specimen ^was collected from off the coast of China.

Dimensions: Total

height

^{9318mm, a: 62.8, b:} 30,8, ^c: 33.6, b/a‑0.49,

c/a‑0.54.

Remarks: M･ KEEN, While staying ^{in the} British Museum ⁱⁿ 1964, obser‑

ved the type specimen and ^{gave the} writer the very valuable communication.

According to her the label _of the specimen says, locality

unknown‑(Japan),

but she thinks that this has been added by some later author. The citation of Japan by REEVE was ^On the basis of ^a specimen supposed to have been brought back by Dr･ SIEBOLD, _She writes･ Therefore, it _may well ^{be that} C口MMING's specimen ^came from the PhilipplneS Or somewhere ^{in the} East lndies･ KEEN Observes, 〃shell itself ^seems to me neither consplCuOuSly thick

or

thin‑just

^average weight. ^{It is sculptured} with incised furrows but otherwise is smooth. I would ^not describe it ^as lustrous, ^however. As ^com‑

pared ^to V･ magma,itis thicker for the size, with ^a wider protoconch. There

are more than 2 folds on the columella. The two lowest, _{wbicb show} in the photograph, ^are heavy･ Above that are two that ^are thinner and lighter, and then at the ^{top a} faint _ridge that one can feel with the丘nger, thoughit hardly shows when ^one looks _at it･ I ^am therefo,re not ^{sure one can} say there ^are 5 folds, but there ^are definitely 4･!:･:I:Hence columella plaits ^are i.i.i.F.F or i.i.F.F.

In general ^aspect and surface marking, this. species is like some species of

N軸onomelon

^group, such as elongata ^or angulosd ^but distinguished from them by a larger number and different construction ^of columella plaits･ Zigzag marking ^may be characteristics of

N吻onomelon

and Fulgoraria _groups, but

even in Psephaea such ^a character ^may happen exceptionally. Be that as it may, this species may be close ^to the Nipponomelon group but its true generic position is undetermined.

Distribution: Not clarified ^yet.

System and Evolution of Japanese ^{Fulgorarid Gastropoda 67}

Musashia

(Nipponomelon)

preuostiana

(CROSSE,

¹⁸⁷⁸⁾ サガミヒタチオビ(節) (Pl.^{3,丘gs･ 7‑12, Pl. 4,丘gs. 1,} 2)

1878･ Voluta prevostiana CROSSE･ Jour. ^Conch., vol. 26, pp. 165, 166.

1879･ Voluta preuostiana CROSSEI Jour. ^Conch., γol. 27, _pp. 41‑43, _pl. 1,figs. 1, 1a,1b.

1882･ AIcithoe megaspira (Sow･), ^{TRYON･ Man. Conch.,} vol.4, p. 85, pl. 30,fig. 132.

1908･ Voluta megaspira prevostiana CROSSE, HIRASE. Conch. Mag. Jap., γol. 2, p.

216, pl. 31,丘g. 124.

1913･ Voluta preuostiana CROSSE, SowERBY. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., _vol. 8, 14, _pp.

481‑482.

1940･ Voluta (Fulgoraria)か′euostiana ^{CROSSE, FuLTON. Proc. Mat. Soc. Lond.,}

vol. ^24, p. 30.

1950･ Fulgoraria prevostiana (CROSSE), ^{KuRODA & HABE} (Pars). ^{Ill. Cat.} Jap.

Shells, no. 5, p. 33, pl. 6,丘g. 1.

Original Description: ^" T. fusiform, mediocriterr ^{crassa, costis} validis, subaequaliter distantibus, _vix obliqulS, 1ongitudinaliter impressa, transversim tenuiter striata, pallide且uvido‑carnea, zonis irregularibus, fulguratis, castaneis

picta ^{; splra} elongata, ^aplCe rOtundato, papilliformi, 1ateraliter accli叫nitidulo, albi'do; ^sutura irregulariter ^impressa; afractus 7 convexi, embryonales 2 graciles, planius'culi, sublaevlgati, sequentes longitudinaliter costati, castaneo irregulariter et fulguratim bixonati, ultimus ^splram paulo ^{superans, castaneo} trizonatus (zona _prima suturali, secunda submediana, ^tertia

basa恥basi

^at‑

tenuatus ; apertura anguste oblongo‑elongata, intus pallide cameo‑allida, ad

limbum cameo‑fulvida ; peristoma simplex, pallide cameo‑fulvidum,

marginibus

(in_adultis speciminibus tantum) cillo^{tenui, lato,} concolore

junctis,

columellari quadripelicato (plica prima et pli占a ^{secunda minimis,} vix conspicuis, tertia m由i6eri, ^quarta

multomajore,

descendente, cum parte basali columellae

unita),

externo

(in

adultis speciminibus) crassiusculo,

juxta

insertionem subtuber‑

culoso‑Longitudo

^{speciminis adulti 102, diam.}

maj.

^{40 mill. Apertura 63 mill.}

1onga, 19 1ata

(Coll･

CROSSE). Longitudo speciminis JuVenilis collectionis Prev■ostianae 92, diam･

maj･

^{33mill･ Apertura 51mill. 1onga, 451ata}

(Coll

PR豆vosT).

Characteristics: Shell medium sized, fusiform, thick, and with small pro‑

toconch; nucleus of which is inclined ^to be situated ^on the left side in front view of adult shell･ Teleoconch ^has 5 volutions. Spire relatively

high,

^not

sl･ender but wide･ Aperture broad and ^outer lip rather thick･ Body whorl much inflated and shoulder ^not angulated but gently curved. There are dis‑

tinct axial ribs which ^are 15J17 on penultimate whorl･ Also there ^{are seen} distinct subsutural ^{band and} feeble _axial striations. Surface of ^last whorl quite lustrous _and yellowish brown, reddish brown or flesh‑coloured. There

are running three colour bands of thick brown with zigzag marking; upper band runs jtlStbelow suture･ Columella _moderate and ^not appressed ^to each other, formula 2･2･2･2･3

(4)

^{belonging to ∂}pattern. On last columella po§‑

68 T. SIIIKAMA

terior ^{one or} two plaits weaker than anteceeding ^ones; they ^are f.F.F, f.f.F, f.F.f.F or f.F‑F.

Dimensions :

Table 24･ Dimensions (in_mm) of prevostiana.

Sample numbers

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mean

92. 7 79. 0 68. 9 88. 9 92. 5 108. 9 89.3

35. 7 26. 9 24. 5 37. 5 34. 9 41.0±

31.2

42. 6 39. 1 34. 0 44. 6 46. 1 54. 3 42.7

b/a

0. 39 0. 34 0. 36 0.42 0. 38 0. 38 0.35 0.37

c/a

0.46 0.49 0.49 0. 50 0. 49 0.49 0.48 0.49

Number _of axial ribs in

penultimate wborl

17 15 15 17 17

16 16

Locality

Miura

JI

I′

II

タブ

Atami

ブタ

Remarks: This species ^seems to be confused ^{by some authors} with angulosa ^{or some} other species. Fossil _{species such} as uejL'i^{MAKIYAMA MS} and inj7ata HAYASAKA MS _may be this species.

Distribution: This is restricted only ⁱⁿ Sagami Bay and not ^so common.

Recently only ^a few shells ^were procured by S. HAYASHI from the丘sberies at lsshiki, Aicbi Prefecture, and ^one shell gained ^by I. SAGA from Sh6buda, Miyagi Prefecture ^is stored in the lnstitute of Geology and Palaeontology, T6hoku University (IGPS cat. ^no. 12350), but the precLise locations of their

occurrence are unknown. T. SHIMAZU in ^Hayama, Kanagawa Prefecture has

collected ^a considerable number of shells ^{from shrimp nets,} and H. MARUYAMA in Atami, Shizuoka Prefecture also found ^{a few} dead shells at the shrimp 丘sheries in Atami.

Musashia (Nipponomelon) preuostiana magma

(KuRODA

^{and HABE, 1950)} オオヒタチオビ(Pl. ^{4,丘gs. 3‑8, Pl. 9,丘g.} ll)

1908. Voluta megaspira Preuostiana ^{CROSSE, HIRASE.}

216, pl. 31,丘g. 125.

19311 PsePhaea prevostiana (CROSSE), ^{GIミANT & GALE･}

Hist., _vol. 1, _pp. 633, 634, _pl. 27,点g. 9.

1950‑ Fulgoraria Prevostiana magma KuRODA & HABE.

p. 34, _pl. 6,丘gs. 3, 4.

1959･ Fulgoraria Prevostiana _magma p. 84, _pl. 32, flg. 12.

1963･ Fulgoraria (PsePhaea) ^magma

Shell World ill. ColりVOl. 1, _p.

1965. Pulgoraria Preuostiana magma l,_p. 78, pl. ^{29,丘g. 6.}

KuRODA & HABE,

Conch. Mag. 丁ap.,γol. 2, p.

Mem. Sam Diego Soc. Nat.

Ill. Cat. 丁ap. ^{Shell, no. 5,}

KIRA. Coll. Ill. Shell 丁ap.

KuRODA & HABE, SIIIKAMA & HoRIKOSIiI. Sel.

99,丘g. 145‑2.

KuRODA 皮 HARE, HABE. Shell World Col., _γol.

System _and Evolution of Japanese ^{Fulgorarid Gastropoda 69} 0riginal Description: ^" The specimns occurring in the cooler ^{bottoms of} the northern districts, attain ^{to very} large size, often ^{up to} 220mm ⁱⁿ length, but the typical preuostiana _which ^is rather abundant ⁱⁿ the Sagami Bay, ^is only 95mm long. The larger form has ^a dull chalky ^outer shell‑layer, with less consplCuOuS Splral striations, ^a comparatively smaller ^protoconcb and

more numerous axial plicae ^on the upper whorls, thus, the colour marking ^lS

generally ill‑de月.ned, as compared with the typlCal ^form. Length 162.7mm., breadth 59.6 ^mm.

Type: ^An adult shell from off Hitachi

belonging

^{to R. KAWAMURA's}

collection.

Characteristics: Shell small ^to huge _sized, ^fusiform, thin or thick with small protoconcb; nucleus is inclined ^to be _situated on the ^left side in front view of adult shell･ Teleoconcb has 5‑6 volutions･ Spire relatively high, _not slender ^but broad. Last whorl much inflated. Compared with preuostiana, surface of whorls unlustred, rugose and with ^more distinct axial striations･

Surface chalky brown or dirty greyish brown _with three colour bands of ^deep brown with irregular marking, which becomes obsolete in adult shells. Subsu‑

tural band and keeト1ike

axial ^{ribs eminent; the} latter 14‑21 ⁱⁿ penultimate whorl･ Aspect of columella plaits ^is closely similar ^{to that of} prevostiana, formula 2･2･2･2･2 or 2･3･3･3･3･ On last columella, Brst anterior plait ^most distinct. They ^{are F.F,} F.F.F,FIF or F.FIF,

Dimensions :

Table 25･ Dimensions (in mm.) of 9revostiana magma.

Sample number

1

I

ab

95.831.6

cTa

^0.49c/a

Numberof axialribsin

penultimate､

whorl

Locality

46.6 ^{0.33 Ch6shi}

J∫

J∫

J∫

IJ

J∫

IJ

II

)∫

∫I

Jタ

Tl

∫∫

′∫

IJ

J∫

2 127.444.0 64.8 0｡35 0.51 20

3 128.244.8 63.9 0.35 0,50

4 141.144.1 65.8 0.31 0.48 20

5 138.542.5 67.1 0.31 0.47 21

6 133.547.1 63.2 0.35 0.47 18

7 130.247.4 64.3 0.3･6 0.49■ 20

8 110.740.1± 57.7 0.36 0.52 22

9 100.630.3± 49.3 0.30 0.47 16

10 85.532.0± 42.1 0.37 0.49 17

ll 75.927.2 39.3 0.36 0.52 18

12 74.326.8 37.2 0.36 0.5.0 17

13 78.924.5 35.7 0.31 0,45 17

14 75.224.4 37.90.32 0.50 17

15 67.122..7 32■.4 0.34 0.48 15

16 59.721.7 27.9 0.36 0.47 15

17 56.516.8± 27.9 0.30 0,49 土7

70

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Mean

46. 9 49.9 95.0 110.5 71.0 68. 7 64. 3 63.3 57. 3 47. 7

16. 1 15.4 39. 9 31.8±

21.8 20, 9 21.2 18.7 16.9 14.9

24.7 24. 2 42. 2 48. 2 32.6 33. 3 30.3 30.6 25.6 22.1

T. SHIKAMA

0. 34 0. 31 0.42 0. 29 0.31 0.30

0.32 0. 30 0. 29 0.31 0.33

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

53 48 44 44 45 48 47 48 45 46 0.48

16 14 14

15 19 15 17

)∫

JI

II

Rikuzen

JI

∫J

∫J

I∫

Jタ

フJ

Remarks: As KuRODA and HABE Said this subspecies is^a northern form of preuostiana and attains to huge size but often has rather small sized ^{adult shells･}

Distribution: Pacific side ^of northern Honshu, north of offCh6shi, where it lives at depth of 200‑400 f. and rather ^common. In November, 1926 the research vessel SOYO‑MARU collected small shells ^at St. 89 (Lat. ^39o45′N,

Long. 142oO5′33 E)_of 124 m deep sandy bottom, where the water temperature was ll.8oC and the surface ^water temperature 16.2oC.

Musashia

(Nipponomelon)

preuostiana salebrosa subsp･ ^nov･

‑ゾヒタチオビ(新) (Pl.4,figs. ^{9‑ll, Pl. 5,丘gs･ 1,} 2)

Tyi)e: An adult shell collected ^by Y. KANIE from Urakawa, Hidaka, south Hokkaido

(No. 3),

stored ⁱⁿ the writer's collection.

Diagnosis: Shell medium sized, largely thick, ^dense, rhombic in shape and with small protoconcb. Teleoconch ^has 5 _volutions. Spire ^a little bigb, not slender ^but wide. Last whorl large and ^well inflated. Surface of whorl not lustrous, dirty chalky ^brown and without colour marking. Axial stria‑

tions and ribs eminent, the latter often becoming keel‑like. Subsutural ^band

not so eminent ^as in magma. Columella _plaits resemble those of magna･ On

last columella they ^are F.F ^or F.F.F.

Dimensions :

Table 26. Dimensions (in mm･) ^of prevostiana salebrosa･

Sample _number

&

repository 1 (SIjIKAMA)

2 (SIIIKAMA)

3* (SIjIKAMA)

4 (S別KAMA)

5 (HAYASHI)

6 (SHIKAMA) Mean

* Type,

116. 5 92.4 115. 5

94. 2 122. 6 96. 7

38. 2 29.3 38. 2±

30. 8±

37. 7±

33. 0

58. 9 42.7 55. 5 5l.5 66. 7 49. 0

b/a

0. 33 0.32 0.34 0.33 0.31 0.34 0.33

c/a

0.51 0.46 0.48 0.55 0.54 0.51 0.51

Number _of axial ribs in

penultimate whorl

22 14 19 17 16 16 17

Locality

Muroran Urakawa

JJ

Otaru

Jタ

Haboro

System and ^Evolution of Japanese ^Fulgorarid Gastropoda 71 Remarks･･ This subspecies is distinguished from _magma by lacking

colour marking, ^more dense structure of axial ribs, etc･ It is a northern subspecies of cool waters.

Distribution: This subspecies is distributed ⁱⁿ the water off south and west coast of Hokkaido･ Also it is seen in Japan Sea side of North Honshu, north of Sado Island. Haboro

(Lat.

^{4=4o20'N, Long. 141o40'E) is the} northern limit of Japanese fulgorarid so far as the present knowledge _goes.

Musashia

(Nipponomelon)

angulosa ^{sp. nov.}

ホンヒタチオビ(Pl･ ^{3,丘gs･ 3‑6,} Pl･ 9, fig･ 10)

1950. Fulgoraria Shell, no. 5, 1954. Fulgoraria

丘g. 5.

1963. Fulgoraria

Prevostiana p. 33, pl. ^5,

?revostiana

(Psephaea)

(CROSSE), ^{KuRODA & HABE} (Pars). ^{Ill. Cat.} Jap.

丘g.10.

(CROSSE), ^{KIRA. Col. Ill. Shell} Jap., p. 83, pl. 32, Preuostiana (CROSSE), ^{SflIKAMA &} HoRIKOSfJI. Sel.

She11 World III. Col., _γol. 1, _p. 99,丘g. 145‑3.

Type: Specimen No･ 6 collected by T･ ^HIRANO from offCh6shi and placed in the writer's collection.

Diagnosis: Shell rather small sized, fusiform, moderately thick, stout and with large protoconcb. Nucleus is inclined to be situated ^on the left side of protoconcb in front view of adult shell･ Spire high, slender ^and teleoconcb has 5 volutions･ Shoulder angulated ^{and aperture} often subquadrate ^or elongate oval･ Outer lip thick and smooth･ Surface of whorl rather lustrous, reddish brown or greyish brown･ On last whorl there ^are running 3 radial colour bands _with irregular _{zlgZag marking} of thick brown. Axial ribs distinct,

often becoming keel‑like and 12‑17 in penultimate whorl. Stlbsutural band absent･ There ^{are seen} many axial ^striations wbicb ^often become皿Ore dis‑

tinct than in prevostiana･ ^Columella plaits few and rather obsolete; formula 2･ 3･ 3･ 3･4, belonging to

β

^{pattern･ On last} colemella anterior plaits relatively distinct and ^type of plaits ^is f･F･FIF･ ^This species is distinguished ^from pre‑

uostiana group by large protoconch,

higher

^splre and ^by angulated shoulder.

Dimensions :

Table 27･ Dimensions (in mm･) ^{of angulosa.}

Sample numbers

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 M ean

g6:￣喜 68.6 71.8 77. 8 79. 0 95.8 94. 2 72.3 56. 2

Number of

axial ribs ⁱⁿ penultimate

wborl

￣￣i16､￣￣

12 14

b/a c/a Locality

33,4 30.2 27. 6 34, 4 40.7 35.4 38.4 30.1 21｡7

37. 1 31.9 34. 7 33.5 37. 3 43.7 44. 3 33.6 27.4

0.42 0.44 0.38 0.44 0. 52 0.37 0.41 0.42 0. 39

6T4121 6;

0.

0.

0.

0.

0.

0.

0.

0.

46 46 48 43 47 45 47 46 49 0.46

13 14 17 14 14 14

Arasaki, Miura Ch6shi

タ∫

J∫

メタ

Iナ

ノナ

ノ∫

JJ

72 ^T. SIiIKAMA

Distribution.･ This species is prlnCIPally ^known from off Ch6shi, where only ^a few dead shells ^were collected from the ^depth of 80‑100f･ In Sagami

Bay ^it is _very ^rare･

Musashia (Nipponomelon) _elongata (SHIKAMA, 1962) ナガヒタチオビ(Pl. ^{2,丘gs. 6‑8, Pl･ 9,fig･} 9)･

1962. Fulgoraria (PsePhaea) elongata SHIKAMA･ Sci･ Rep･ Yok･ Nat･ Univ･, sec･ 2,

no. 8, _p. 48, _pl. 2,丘gs. 10, ll.

1963. Fulgoraria (PsePhaea?) elongata SI‑IKAMA, SflIKAMA & HoRIKOS口I･ Sell Shell World ^Ill. Col., vol. 1, p. 99, _pl. 80,fig. 6,

1965. Fulgoraria Prevostiana elongata SEIKAMA, HABE｡ Shell World Col･, _volt 1, p. 78, _pl. 29,丘g. 5.

original Description: ^" Shell narrowly elongate, unsolid, ^rather thin, uni‑

formly reddish ^{brown ground} colour; when surf abe ^{is eroded,} cbangiable ^to dull white ^to yellowish ^{grey; some} individulas with sinuated dark brown lines ^{as in} preuostiana ^{or magma; holotype has marty COnCentric lines on} surface; whorls six and ^{protoconch not} large; 18‑20 axial plicae ^on penulti‑

mate whorl rather distinctーノon_shoulder ^{but becomes} obsolete downward, its lower part of whorl being almost smooth･ Whorls not inflated as in _magna･

dauiesi or in Preuostiana; penultimate whorl r占Iatively

higher

^{than broad;}

shoulder ^rather gentle･ Columella has ^{two or} three distinct plaits wbicb ^are white and ^{sharp; aperture} elongately ^{ovate; margln} Of ^outer lip thin･り

Remarks: In the above‑mentioned description, preuostiana ^{is to be named} angulosa, ^{two or} three of columella plaits ^to be two, and 18‑20 axial plicae ^to be 16‑25 in this paper･ Formula of columella ^plaits is 2･2･2･2･2･2 belonging to α pattern.

they ^are F.F.

smaller than side in front

on last columella, plaits ^same in development _with ^one another ^; protoconch may be medium sized, ^{larger than in magma and} in angulosa, and nucleus is inclined to be situated ^{on the} left view of adult ^shell.

Dimensions ^:

Table 28. Dimensions (in mm･) ^{of elongata･}

Sample numbers

1 2 3 4 5 6*

7 Mean

a

113.0 110.4 88. 2 115,3 130. 6

86.8 70. 3±

* Type.

53. 9 52. 7 36.8 58. 2 65. 3 41.0 27.8

C

48.2 49.1 37.8 52.7 56.2 40. 0 28.7

b/a 0.48 0.48 0.42 0.50 0.50 0.47 0.40 0.46

c/a 0.43 0.44 0.43 0.46 0.43 0.46 0.41 0. 44

Number of axial ribs in penultimate whorl

19 19

17 25 16 16 19

System and Evolution of Japanese ^{Fulgorarid Gastropoda 73}

DistrL'bution: This species is restricted only ⁱⁿ east of Ch6shl:, Chiba Prefecture, 250‑400f. deep fine sandy bottom and very ^rare.

Musashia (Nippo7LOmelon) kamakurensis (OTUKA, 19491 カマクラヒタチオビ(釈) (Pl･10,畠gs18,9)

1920. Voluta megasPira ^YoKOYAMA. Jour, ^{Coil.S°i. Imp.} Univ. ^Tokyo, vol, 44, _art, 1, _p. 46, _pl. 2,丘g. 18.

19491 Fulgoraria (Psephaea) kamakurensis OTUKA. Jap. Jour. ^{Geol. Geogr･,} vol･ 21,

p. 304, pl. 13,丘g. 7.

1946. Fulgoraria (Psephaea) kamakurensis OTUIくA, OKUTANT. Jour. ^{Fac. S°i. Univ.}

Tokyo, sec. 2, _vol. 15, _pt. 3, pp. 417, 418, pl. ^{3, fig.} 17.

Original Description: Given for the fossil species.

Remarks:

Althoughthis

^{species has hitherto been known} only ^{as fossils,} in 1964 T. OKUTANI reported ^a living shell from the research ^vessel SOYO‑

MARU St. B3 (Lat.

offHachijo

^Island.

thick, stout, heavy.

suture. Teleoconch

33oO5′4 N, ^Long. 139o58′4′′E),at the deptbof 430m, 6 miles His description ^{is as} follows; 〃Shell oblong fusiform,

Protoconch large, 2 turns, smooth, ^round, with deprsssed fleshy ⁱⁿ colour, 4･5 ⁱⁿ number, smooth, slender, separated by narrowly canaliculated ^suture. Spire with ^{roundish, depressed} axial ridges wbicb become quite obsolete ^{near the aperture;} counted about 13 ^on the pe‑

nultimate whorl. Sculpture consists of very丘ne, ^crowded, somewhat rlppled, impressed spiral lirae, counted ^about 30 on the penultimate whorl, becoming obsolete adapically. Aperttlre _elongate; outer lip smooth and tllickned at the adapical ^corner. Columella _margln Smoothly curved, dark distinct color ^on the upper half, _with 4 ^distinct but small folds. Canal typical for the genus･

Height

75.6, diameter 27.9 m. As OKUTANI _writes, the shell coincides well with the fossil _species. In his shell, b/a ^is 0.37 and c/a ^{is 0.51. Columella plaits} of the last _whorl are 4 in number, ^{rather weak,} and ^anterior 2 ^are tolerably separated from _each other; ^type of plaits ^is i.i‑F‑F.

Musashia (Musashia) hirasei (SowERBY,

1912)

ニクイロヒタチオビ(Pl･ ^1,丘gs･ 9‑12,Pl･2,丘gs･ 1,2,Pl. 9,丘g. 7)

1879･ Voluta Preuostiana CROSSE. Jour. ^Conch., vol. 27., _pl. 2,丘g. 1.

1912･ Voluta hirasei SowERBY･ Ann･ Mag. Nat Hist‥ _vol. (8), ^{9, pp. 471, 472,}

text丘g.1.

1934･ Fulgoraria hirasei (SowERBY), ^{S. IiIRASE. Handb. Ill. Shell Nat. Col.} Jap.

Is. Adj. ^{Terヮpl. 112,丘g. 8.}

1940･ Voluta (Fulgoraria) ^{hirasei SowERBY, FuLTON. Proc. Mal. Soc. Lond} vol.

24,p.30.

1950･ Fulgoraria hirasei (SowERBY), ^{KuRODA & BABE. Ill. Cat.} Jap. ^{Shell, no. 5,}

p. 34, _pl. 5,fig. ll.

1960･ Fulgoraria (Musashia) ^hirasei (SowERBY), ^{ⅢAYAS=Ⅰ･ Venus,} vol. 21, no. 1, p. 2, pl. 1,丘g. 3,

74 T. SHIKAMA

1961. Fulgoraria (Musashia) ^hirasei (SowERBY), ^{HABE･ Coll･ Ill･ Shell} Jap･, vol･

2, _p. 72, pl. 35,丘g. 15.

1963. Fulgoraria (Musashia) ^hirasei (SowERBY), ^{SIIIKAMA & EoRIKOSflL Sell Shell}

World Ill. ColリVOl. 1, _p. 99,丘g. 145‑1.

Original Description ^: Testa fusiformis, crassiuscula, pallide fulvescens ^: anfractus 8, embryonales ^graciles, 1aevigati, scquentes convexi, 1ongitudinaliter costati, splraliter ^consplCne rugOSO‑Striati; ^sutura albo callosa; anfractus ultimus 2/3 1ongitudinis ^testae aequass, superne concavo‑constrictus, decnde

convexus, basiss versus attenuatus undique transversim lirato‑striatus ; striis

confertis, ^rugoso subgranulatis ^{; apertura} oblonga, mediocratier lata, utrinque acuminata, intuscosta obliqua ^{squomor marglnata; apertura OVata ;} COlumella tortuosa ;canalis meliocriter productus, 1evita _areaatus･ Long･ 28, diam･ 16 ^mm･=

characteristics: Shell small ^to large sized, fusiform, stout and relatively thick, with small ^protoconcb wbicb is inclined ^to carry nucleus inclined to carry nucleus inclined to occur on the left side in front view of adult shell･

Teleoconch has ⁵ volutions. Spire rather

highand

each whorl ^well inflated･

Shotllder strongly curved and mtlCh depressed and there is ^a subsutural penultimate whorl. Surface of whorl Ground colour flesh ^to reddish brown marking. Columella plaits few and

in且ated. Sutural portion distinctly band. There ^are 15‑22 axial ribs in

with eminent ^many radial ^grooves.

with ^a white ^{to grey} tint. No colour weak; formula of it being 1.1.1.1.2 belonglng tO a _pattern･ On last columella, ^anterior plait ^more eminent than posterior; the pattern being f.F.

Dimensions ^:

Table 29. Dimensions (in mm･) ^{of hirasei･}

Sample number

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ll 12 13 14 ま5

95.2 77. 5 62.7 64. 8 71.5 68.5

60.0 83. 9 93. 8 83. 5 97.6 83.5 85.0 90.7 89, 8

36.1 25.0

19.3 21.3 24. 3 19.5 19.8 28.4 35.4 26.8 36.6 28.3 29. 5 33.2 31.0

47. 5 37.0 28.9 31.7 34. 8 31.7 32. 3 41.4 46. 7 39.5 45. 9 39. 7 41.4 45.2 45. 0

b/a

0. 38 0.32 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.28 0.33 0.33 0.38 0. 32 0.38

0.34 0.35 0.37 0.35

c/a

0.50 0.49 0.47 0.49 0.49 0.46 0. 54 0. 49 0. 50 0. 47 0.47 0.48 0.49 0.50 0. 50

Number _of axial ribs in

penultimate wborl

21 15 16 16 15 16 14 19 16 16

17 18 16

Locality

Ensbu‑nada

JJ

タ∫

JJ

∫∫

∫J

IJ

ナノ

JJ

∫J

J∫

I∫

J′

JJ

JI

System _and Evolution of Japanese ^{Fulgorarid Gastropoda}

1 1 1 1 2 2 6 7 8 9 0 1 22 23 24 2 2 2 2 5 6 7 8 Mean

93,3 98.4 99.8 92. 7 97.4 105. 0 112.1 113.0 118. 0 114. 5 119,6 116.1 122. 9

38.4 35.0 35.1 34.4 38.6 42.2 42. 7 44.5 43. 3 46. 8 54.0 50. 1 57. 3

42 45 47 46 48 53 54 55 57 53 59 61 63

6 1 2 2 0 0 5 6 5 8 3 5 5

0.41 0.36 0.35 0.37 0.40 0.40 0.38 0. 39 0.37 0.41 0.45 0.43 0.47 0.37

0.46 0. 46 0.47 0.50 0.49 0.50 0.49 0. 49 0.49 0.47 0.50 0, 53 0.52 0.49

19 17 17 19

21 22 22 19 20 21

20 17

JJ

I一

JI

II

)∫

K6chi Pref.

Enshu‑nada 75

Distribution: This species is widely distributed in the Pacific water from the Suruga Bay to off ^{eastern part} of K6chi Prefecture. Very ^common.

Musashia

(Musashia)

cancellata (KuRODA & HABE,

1950)

チリメソヒタチオビ(Pl･2,figs･4,5,Pl. 9,fig18)

1943.

1950.

1954.

Fulgoraria Fulgoraria 5,丘g. ll.

Fulgoraria 32, fig. 7.

1960. Fulgoraria

sp. HABE.

cancellata

cancellata

(Musashia)

丁ap. Jour.

KuRODA &

Ku'RODA &

cancellata 21, no. 1,p. 2.

19631 Fulgoraria (Musashia) cancellata

Malac., vol･ 13, _p･ 74, pl･ 3,丘g1 ¹⁵

(raqula)･

HABE. Ill. Cat. 丁ap. ^{Shell, no.} 5, p, 34, _pl.

Set. Shell World Ill. ColリVOl. _{1, p.}

HABE, KIRA. Col. Ill. Shell Jap., p. 84, pL

KuRODA & HABE. HAYASHI. Venus., _γol.

KuRODA & HABE, SrIIKAMA & HoRIKOSHI.

99.

Original Description: LEA shell similar ^to F. hirasei (SowERBY) ⁱⁿ shape and colouration, but differs from this ^{in the} following characteristics ^; smaller,

with much ^{more numerous} and ^sharper axial ribs wbicb number ^on the last

whorl 35 or more instead of 23or 24 ⁱⁿ hirasei, splral striae whitish ^{and much}

stronger and ^more consplCuOuS, glVing the surface ^{much more rugose} and

cancellated ^{appearance and nearly} destitute of gloss; ^subsutural constriction somewhat weaker and the whorls less in且ated _{; aperture} narrower, invariably

numerous columellar plicaeしabout ^{4, of} which ^the superior 3 are always much

smaller, while ⁱⁿ hirasei, the columella fold ^is only ^one and ^very strong);

globular apex is rather indistinct from _{erosion, and appears} to be slightly smaller; length 122mm, breadth 48mm, whorl 7.

Holotype: Stored in KuRODA's collection.

Characteristics: Shell small ^to medium sized, ^not growing ^so large as in hiraseil fusiform! stotlt and relatively thick and with medium protoconch;

76 T. SHIKAMA

nucleus ^is inclined to occur ^on the right side ⁱⁿ front view of adult sbell･

Teleoconcb with 5 _volutions. Spire rather high and relatively wide･ Shoulder

not angulated but gently curved･ Subsutural band present･ Ground colour 鮎sb to light reddish brown with ^a white ^{to grey} tint and ^{no lustre･} Surface of whorl eminently cancellated and ^{numerous radial grooves} distinct･ Colu‑

mella plaits few and ^weak; the formula being l･1･2･2･3 belonging ^to β^pat‑

tern. on last columella anterior plaits ^{stronger than} and distant from the suceeding ^{ones; the pattern} being f･f‑F, f‑F ^or f･fJf‑F; of 20 specimens ^the former _pattern ^seen in 7, middle ^one in 10 and the latter one in 3 specimens･

Dimensions.･

Table 30. Dimensions (in mm.) ^of cancellata･

Sample number

1 2 3 4 5 6*

7 8 9 10 ll 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Mean

a

69.⁰ 56. 8 86. 1 89.8 79. 3 84.2 77. 9 81.7 78. 7 83.8 83. 9 81.0 90.1 82.7 88. 8 84.7 86. 0 86. 9 80.6 75.1 72.0 64.5

26.4 23.3 31.7 30.4 26.4 34.0 29.3 34.4 26. 8 28. 7 34.3 27.7 35.2 28. 6 34.9 34. 6 33.5 29.1 31.9 28.4 28. 7 26. 1

33.3 28. 1 43. 0 42.5 38.2 37.9 35.5 40.4 36.2 38.5 39. 1 36. 5 38.6 37. 4 40.9 37. 1 42.1 42.0 36. 5 35.1 33.8 30.1

b/a

0.38 0.41 0. 37 0. 34 0.33 0. 40 0.38 0.42 0. 34 0.34 0.41 0,34 0. 39 0.35 0.39 0.41 0.39 0.33 0.40 0,38 0.40 0.40 0. 38

c/a

0,48 0.49 0.49 0.47 0.48 0.45 0.46 0.49 0.46 0.46 0.47 0.45 0.43 0.45 0.46

0. 44 0.49 0.4B 0.45 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47

Number of axial ribs in

penultimate whorl

19 15 22

し ILJ

19

18 24 18 20 18 20 24 20 22 22 21 21 24 20 18 19 20

Locality

K6chi Pref.

JJ

J′

Kumano‑nada

∫J

K6chi Pref.

∫ナ

ノJ

JI

クJ

】∫

メタ

タメ

IJ

JI

J∫

J′

り

JJ

JI

JJ

JJ

*Type.

Distribution: This species is distributed ⁱⁿ the water along Central Japan

of Pacific side from the Kumano‑nada ^to off ^eastern K6chi Prefecture. Rather

common,

ドキュメント内 トップページ - 横浜国立大学学術情報リポジトリ (ページ 44-67)