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䛾䛷䛒䜛䠊䛣䛣䛻グ䛧䛶㛵ಀྛ䛻ㅰព䜢⏦䛧ୖ䛢䜎䛩䠊㻌
䛭䛧䛶᭱ᚋ䛻㻘ఱ䜒ゝ䜟䛪䛔䛴䜒 䛛䛟ぢᏲ䜚㻘ບ䜎䛧㻘ᨭ䛘䛶䛟䜜䛯୧ぶ䛸ே㻘ඛ㍮᪉ 䛻ឤㅰ⏦䛧ୖ䛢䜎䛩㻚㻌
ᒱ㜧Ꮫ䛻䛚䛡䜛 㻢 ᖺ㛫䛻ཬ䜆⏕ά䛿㻘࿘ᅖ䛾᪉䚻䛾ᚚᨭ䛺䛧䛻䛿ㄒ䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝 䜎䛫䜣㻚䛣䛖䛧䛶↓ㄽᩥ䜢᭩䛝⤊䛘䜙䜜䛯䛣䛸䛿㻘ⓙᵝ䛾ᚚຓຊ䛾䛚䛛䛢䛷䛒䜚㻘ᗘ䛚
♩䜢⏦䛧ୖ䛢䜎䛩㻚㻌
ᮏᙜ䛻䛒䜚䛜䛸䛖䛤䛦䛔䜎䛧䛯㻚㻌 㻌 㻌
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Summary
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This thesis is submitted to United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University by Ba-darifu for his Ph.D. degree in 2015.
The title of this thesis is “Current Status and Forecast of Groundwater Resources in Dalad, Inner Mongolia”.
This thesis consists of 5 chapters and related compositions. The 1st chapter is introduction describ-ing his motivation and the background of these researches, especially focusdescrib-ing on the water resources of North China Plain in the Yellow River Basin, China. The 2nd chapter shows an outline of the study site, “Dalad, Inner Mongolia”, the field investigations, and also research methods used in this doctoral research.
The 3rd chapter describes the water resources fluctuation at groundwater-dependent agricultural and pastoral zone in arid area based on the 2001-2006 investigation. The water level and water quality at 18 observation wells in the Southern area and at 14 observation wells showed that the groundwater resources of the study area is recharged by mainly the groundwater flow from the Desert Kubuchi and partly by the seepage water from the Yellow River. Also, the amount of the groundwater tends to de-crease slightly, which might be due to the condition of the precipitation during the study period. The water quality was not so seriously degraded, but inadequate fertilizer application in the southern area might worsedn the groundwater quality, especially in the middle part of the study area, because the groundwater flow directs to the middle part from both the south and north area. The contents of this chapter is published in Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, Vol.19, No.1, pp.11-17, 2012.
The 4 chapter describes the present and predictive states of water resources at groundwater de-pendent agricultural and pastoral zone, Dalad, based on the 2013 investigation in addition to the 2001-2006 investigation. The groundwater levels at almost of all the observation wells, especially in the southern part of the objective area have descended remarkably since 2005. According to the auto-regressive-like forecasts, including the Holt-Winters method, the author estimate the unconfined groundwater in the southern part would be unavailable in the middle of 2030’s. The decrease in the groundwater amount is explained roughly to be due to the increasing demands of industrial and irriga-tion waters. The contents of this chapter will be published in Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, soon.
The 5th chapter is the concluding remarks. In this chapter the results of the works of the author are briefly summarized and also his prospect of the groundwater in China, especially at Inner Mongolia is
given for the following researches and the management proposals.
The Appendix A describes the research and investigation results that are not used in the previous chapters. Some statistical data of the study site is also included. In addition, some results of the CREST project of the Yellow River, “Sophisticated sustainable water utilization and management in the Yellow River” are also introduced.
These researches have been supervised and supported by Ken HIRAMATSU, Professor of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering at Gifu University and Takao AMAYA, Professor Emeri-tus at Gifu University and the thesis is an outcome of them during 2009-20015.
Invaluable scientific advices from Associate Professor Takeo ONISHI, Assistant Professor Kohei YOSHIYAMA, Professor Shinichi NISHIMURA and Professor Hideyoshi SHIMIZU have reflected in this thesis in various aspects.
The thesis is investigated and accredited by the committee. The members of the committee are;
Hideyoshi SHIMIZU, Investigator in Chief, Professor at Gifu University.
Satoshi TSUCHIYA, Professor at Shizuoka University.
Ken HIRAMATSU, Professor at Gifu University.
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Appendix
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A1 ᆅୗỈ㛵㐃 㻌
A1.1 ༡㒊ᆅᇦ
ᅗA.1䛿༡㒊ᆅ༊䛻䛚䛡䜛᥎ᐃᆅୗỈ㔞䛾᥎⛣䜢♧䛧䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䠊ㄪᰝᆅ䛷䛿䚸℺
₅ᮇ䛻䛒䛯䜛 4 ᭶䛛䜙 9 ᭶䛻䛛䛡䛶ᆅୗỈ䛜ẁ㝵ⓗ䛻పୗ䛧䛶䛔䛝䚸㠀℺₅ᮇ䛾 9
᭶䛛䜙 3 ᭶䛾㛫䛻ཎ≧䜈ᅇ䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖䝃䜲䜽䝹䛜䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䚹䛭䛾䛯䜑䚸䛣䛾ᆅ ᇦ䛾ᆅୗỈᅇຊ䛿ẚ㍑ⓗ㧗䛟䚸ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟䛺ᆅୗỈ⏝䛜䛺䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹䛧䛛䛧䛺䛜
䜙䚸2002ᖺ䡚2004ᖺ䛾䜘䛖䛺ከ㞵䛒䜛䛔䛿㏻ᖖ䛾㝆Ỉ≧ἣ䛷䛒䜜䜀䚸℺₅ᮇ䛻ᆅୗỈ
䛜పୗ䛧䚸㠀℺₅ᮇ䛻ཎ≧䜎䛷ᅇ䛩䜛䛸䛔䛳䛯䝃䜲䜽䝹䛷䛣䛾ᆅᇦ䛾ᆅୗỈ㔞䛿
⥔ᣢ䛥䜜䜛䛜䚸2005 ᖺᗘ䛾䜘䛖䛺ᴟ䜑䛶ᑡ㞵䛾ᖺ䛻䛿䚸ᆅୗỈ䛿ཎ≧䛻ᅇ䛷䛝䛶 䛔䛺䛔䛣䛸䛜ุ᫂䛧䛯䚹2002㻌 ᖺ䛛䜙 2006㻌 ᖺ䜎䛷䛾ㄪᰝ䛛䜙ᚎ䚻䛻ᆅୗỈ䛜పୗ䛧䛶 䛔䜛ഴྥ䛜ぢ䜙䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹䛣䛾ᆅ༊䛾ᆅୗỈ䛾ᅇ≧ἣ䜢᫂䜙䛛䛻䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻 2013
ᅗA.1༡㒊ᆅ༊䛻䛚䛡䜛᥎ᐃᆅୗỈ㔞
0.00E+00 1.00E+07 2.00E+07 3.00E+07 4.00E+07 5.00E+07 6.00E+07 7.00E+07 8.00E+07
´02.9 ´02.11 ´03.1 ´03.3 ´03.5 ´03.7 ´03.9 ´03.11 ´04.1 ´04.3 ´04.5 ´04.7 ´04.9 ´04.11 ´05.01 ´05.03 05.5 05.7 05.9 05.11 06.10 06.12 ´13.5 ´13.7 ´13.9 ´13.11
ᆅୗỈ㔞䠄䡉䠏 䠅㻌
ᖺ5᭶䛛䜙12᭶䛾ቑຍㄪᰝ䜢ᐇ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛸䛧䛯䚹2013ᖺ5᭶䛛䜙䛾ቑຍㄪᰝ䛷䛭䛾 ഴྥ䛜⥅⥆䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜᫂䜙䛛䛸䛺䛳䛯䠊䛣䛾䛣䛸䛿⪺䛝ྲྀ䜚ㄪᰝ䛻䜘䛳䛶䜒☜ㄆ䛥䜜 䛶䛚䜚䠈୍ⓗ䛺ၥ㢟䛷䛿䛺䛔䜒䛾䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊ྛㄪᰝᆅⅬ䛾䝕䞊䝍䛛䜙䚸䛣䛾ᆅᇦ 䛷䛿䚸ᙜ↛ண䛥䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻ᑡ㞵䛾ᖺ䜋䛹ከ㔞䛾ᆅୗỈ䜢ᥭỈ䛩䜛ഴྥ䛜䛒䜚䚸䛭䛾䛣 䛸䛜2005ᖺᗘ䛛䜙ᆅୗỈ䛾ᖜ䛺పୗཬ䜃ᅇ㔞䛾ῶᑡ䜢ຓ㛗䛧䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹 2005 ᖺᗘ䛛䜙ྛᖺ䛾₅ᮇ䛷䛿䚸ㄪᰝᆅ䛻䛚䛡䜛㠀℺₅䛾Ỉ䜘䜚䜒䚸ྛ ᐃᆅⅬඹ䛻 ప䛟䛺䛳䛶䛚䜚䚸ཎ≧ᅇ䛜ฟ᮶䛺䛔䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䚹2005ᖺ䛛䜙2013ᖺ䜎䛷䛾℺₅ᮇ䛻 䛚䛡䜛ᆅୗỈ䛿䚸ᖺ䚻᭱పỈ䜢᭦᪂䛧䛶䛚䜚䚸⌧ᆅ䛾ᆅୗỈ⏝㔞䛜ᖺ䚻ቑຍ䛧 䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䚹㻌
䜎䛯䠈ᅗA.2 䛿 2003㻌 ᖺ䛛䜙 2005ᖺ䛸2013㻌 ᖺ䛾 5㻌 ᭶䛻䛚䛡䜛ほ ᡞ䛻䛚䛡䜛ᆅ
ୗỈ䜢♧䛧䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䠊㻡㻌 ᭶䛻㝈䛳䛶䛔䛘䜀䠈2003㻌 ᖺ䛛䜙 2005㻌 ᖺ䜎䛷䛿ᚎ䚻䛻 Ỉ䛜పୗ䛧䛶䛔䜛䜒䛾䛾䠈䛭䜜䜋䛹㢧ⴭ䛷䛿䛺䛔䠊୍᪉䠈2013㻌 ᖺ䛷䛿᫂☜䛻Ỉ䛜 పୗ䛧䛶䛔䜛ᆅⅬ䛜ぢ䜙䜜䜛䠊䛺䛚䠈䛔䛟䛴䛛䛾ほ ᡞ䛿ィ 䛜ᅔ㞴䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䛯䛯 䜑Ḟ 䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊⌧Ⅼ䛻䛚䛔䛶ᆅୗỈ㠃䛿ᆅ⾲䛛䜙 10m ⛬ᗘ䛷䛒䜚䠈ᥭỈ䛜ᅔ 㞴䛻䛺䜛䜎䛷䛾ၥ㢟䛿⏕䛨䛶䛔䛺䛔䛜䠈䛝䜟䜑䛶㏆䛔ᑗ᮶䛻䛿ᥭỈᅔ㞴䛸䛺䜛䛜 ฟ䛶䛟䜛䜒䛾䛸ண䛥䜜䜛䠊㻌
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ᅗA.2㻌 ༡㒊ᆅᇦ䛾ᆅୗỈ
-14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16
ᆅୗỈ䠄䡉䠅㻌
´03.5
´04.5
´05.5
´13.5
A1.2㒊ᆅᇦ 73
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A1.2 㒊ᆅᇦ
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ᅗA.3~7䛿2005ᖺ4᭶䛛䜙2006ᖺ1᭶䛸2013㻌 ᖺ䛾5㻌 ᭶䛻䛚䛡䜛ほ ᡞ䛻䛚䛡 䜛ᆅୗỈ䜢♧䛧䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䠊ቸἙୗὶ䛾㒊㎰ᴗᆅᖏ䛛䜙㯤Ἑ䛻䛛䛡䛶䛾ᆅୗ
Ỉὶື䜢ᢕᥱ䛩䜛䛯䜑䚸14ᆅⅬ䛾ほ ᡞ䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸2005ᖺ4᭶䡚2006ᖺ1᭶䛾ᮇ 㛫䛷ᆅୗỈ䜢 ᐃ䛧䛯䚹2013ᖺ䛾 5᭶䛛䜙12᭶䜎䛷䛻ྠ䛨䛟ቑຍㄪᰝ䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹ㄪ ᰝ⤖ᯝ䛛䜙ぢ䜛䛸㒊ᆅᇦ䛷䛿䚸༡㒊ᆅᇦ䛸ẚ䜉䛶ᆅୗỈ䛾పୗ䛜䛒䜎䜚ぢ䛘䛺䛔
⌧ἣ䛸䛺䛳䛯䚹䛣䜜䜎䛷䛾ㄪᰝ䛛䜙㒊ᆅ༊⯡䛷䛿䠈℺₅ᮇ䛻䛒䛯䜛 5᭶䛛䜙8᭶䛻 䛿℺₅䛻䜘䜛䜒䛾䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛ᆅୗỈపୗ䛜⯡ⓗ䛻ぢ䜙䜜䜛䛜䠈ᅇ䛾ቑຍ⌧ᆅㄪ ᰝ䛷䜒ྠᵝ䛾ഴྥ䛜ぢ䛶ྲྀ䜜䜛䠊䛣䛣䛷䛿䠈2005ᖺ䛸2013ᖺ䛾5᭶䛛䜙12᭶䛾ᖹᆒᆅ
ୗỈ䜢ẚ㍑䛧䛯䛸䛣䜝䠈N3 䜢㝖䛟 3 ᆅⅬ䛷ᆅୗỈ䛾పୗ䛜ぢ䜙䜜䠈䛭䛾పୗ㔞䛿 0.51m䛛䜙1.15m䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊䜎䛯䠈2005ᖺ5᭶䛸2013ᖺ5᭶䛾N1䡚N5䛚䜘䜃 㻺㻣 䡚㻺㻝㻠 ᆅⅬ䛾ᖹᆒỈ䠄N6䛿 ᐃྍ䠅䜢ẚ㍑䛧䛯䛸䛣䜝䠈ᖹᆒ䛷85.6cm పୗ䛧䛶䛔 䜛䠊༡㒊ᆅ༊䛸ẚ䜉䜛䛸䠈ᆅୗỈ䛾పୗ䛿ᑠ䛥䛔䛜䠈ᖺ㛫ᖹᆒ䛻䛧䛶⣙ 10cm 䛾పୗ
䛿┳㐣䛷䛝䛺䛔䜒䛾䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛㻚 㻌
ᅗA.3㻌 㒊ᆅᇦᆅୗỈ
㻙㻥 㻙㻤 㻙㻣 㻙㻢 㻙㻡 㻙㻠 㻙㻟 㻙㻞 㻙㻝 㻜
ᆅୗỈ䠄䡉䠅
㻺㻝 㻺㻞 㻺㻟
㻌
ᅗA.4㻌 㒊ᆅᇦᆅୗỈ
ᅗA.5㻌 㒊ᆅᇦᆅୗỈ
㻙㻤 㻙㻣 㻙㻢 㻙㻡 㻙㻠 㻙㻟 㻙㻞 㻙㻝 㻜
ᆅୗỈ䠄䡉䠅㻌
㻺㻠 㻺㻡 㻺㻢
㻙㻣 㻙㻢 㻙㻡 㻙㻠 㻙㻟 㻙㻞 㻙㻝 㻜
ᆅୗỈ䠄䡉䠅㻌
㻺㻣 㻺㻤
A1.2㒊ᆅᇦ 75
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ᅗA.6㻌 㒊ᆅᇦᆅୗỈ
ᅗA.7㻌 㒊ᆅᇦᆅୗỈ
㻙㻠㻚㻡 㻙㻠 㻙㻟㻚㻡 㻙㻟 㻙㻞㻚㻡 㻙㻞 㻙㻝㻚㻡 㻙㻝 㻙㻜㻚㻡 㻜
ᆅୗỈ䠄䡉䠅㻌
㻺㻥 㻺㻝㻜 㻺㻝㻝
㻙㻡 㻙㻠㻚㻡 㻙㻠 㻙㻟㻚㻡 㻙㻟 㻙㻞㻚㻡 㻙㻞 㻙㻝㻚㻡 㻙㻝 㻙㻜㻚㻡 㻜
ᆅୗỈ䠄䡉䠅㻌
㻺㻝㻞 㻺㻝㻟 㻺㻝㻠
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ᅗA.8䛿㒊ᆅᇦ䛾ᆅୗ㔞䛾ィ⟬⤖ᯝ䜢♧䛩䚹2013ᖺᗘ䛿ᐇ 䛧䛶䛔䜛4⟠ᡤ䛾5
᭶䛛䜙 12 ᭶䜎䛷䛾ほ 䛾್䜢ᇶ䛻ྠᵝ䛾⟬ฟ䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹䛧䛛䛧䠈ほ 䛾ᩘ䛜␗䛺 䜛䛣䛸䛛䜙2005ᖺ4᭶䛛䜙2006ᖺ1᭶䜎䛷䛾᥎ᐃ್䛸䛾ẚ㍑䛜ᅔ㞴䛸䛺䜛䛯䜑䠈䛣䛣䛷 䛿䠈2005ᖺ4᭶䛛䜙2006ᖺ1᭶䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒2013ᖺᗘ䛸ྠ䛨4⟠ᡤ䛾䜏䛷ᗘᆅୗỈ 㔞䜢⟬ฟ䛧䛯䠊⤖ᯝ䜘䜛䛸㒊ᆅᇦ䛿༡㒊䛻ẚ䜉䛶ᆅୗỈ㔞䜒䛒䜎䜚ኚ䛜䛺䛔䛣䛸䜢
᫂䜙䛛䛻䛧䛯䚹㻌
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ᅗA.8㻌 㒊ᆅᇦ䛾ᆅୗ㔞
0.00E+00 1.00E+07 2.00E+07 3.00E+07 4.00E+07 5.00E+07 6.00E+07 7.00E+07 8.00E+07
ᆅୗỈ㔞䠄䡉䠏 䠅㻌
ᆅୗỈ㔞䠄᥎ᐃ䠅 ᆅୗỈ㔞
A2ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ 77
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A2 ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ
㻌 ᮏ◊✲䛾ᅵᆅ⏝䛾ศᯒ䛷䛿䚸ᆅ⌮ሗ䝅䝇䝔䝮䠄GIS䠖Geographic Information System䠅䜢⏝䛔䛶⾨ᫍ⏬ീ䛾ฎ⌮ཬ䜃ゎᯒ䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹⾨ᫍ⏬ീ䛿ᆅ⌮✵㛫䝕䞊䝍䜽䝷 䜴䝗䠄Geospatial Data Cloud䚸www.gscloud.cn䠅䛷䝎䜴䞁䝻䞊䝗䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹䝕䞊䝍䛾ሗ䛿
⾲A.1䛻♧䛩䚹㻌
㏆ᖺ䠈ㄪᰝᑐ㇟ᆅ༊䛜䛒䜛ෆⵚྂ⮬༊䛿⤒῭䛾Ⓨᒎ䛜䜑䛦䜎䛧䛟䠈ከ䛟䛾ᕤሙ䛜 ㄏ⮴䛥䜜䠈ᅵᆅ⏝䛻䜒ኚ䛜ぢ䜙䜜䜛䠊䛣䛣䛷䛿䠈⾨ᫍ⏬ീ䛛䜙esri♫ENVI5.0 䜢⏝
䛔䛶䝷䝇䝍䞊䝕䞊䝍䜢సᡂ䛧䠈ArcGIS ୖ䛷䝧䜽䝖䝹䛧䛯䠊䛭䛾ᚋ䠈⌧ᆅ㋃ᰝ䛾⤖ᯝ䠈 ෆⵚྂᖌ⠊Ꮫᡤ᭷䛾ᅵᆅ⏝≧ἣ䝕䞊䝍䠈䛚䜘䜃୍㒊䠈Google Earth䠄2013ᖺⅬ䠅 䛾䝕䞊䝍䜢⏝䛔䛶⿵ṇ䜢⾜䛳䛯䠊䜎䛯䠈⌧ᆅ㋃ᰝ䜢㏻䛨䛶䠈㎰ᆅ䛾⏝≧ἣ䠈స≀䛺䛹 䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒☜ㄆ䛧䛯䠊㡿ᇦ䛾ゎᯒ⤖ᯝ䛿ᅗ A.9~11 䛻♧䛩䚹ᑐ㇟ㄪᰝ䛾⤖ᯝ䛿ᅗ
A.12~17䛻♧䛩䚹⾲♧㡿ᇦ䛿ᑐ㇟㡿ᇦ䜢ྵ䜏䠈༡⣙30km䠈ᮾす⣙20km䛻䛺䜛䠊ᑐ
㇟㡿ᇦ䛾ᆅୗỈ䛿䠈༡㒊ᆅ༊䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䛥䜙䛻༡㒊䛾ୣ㝠ᆅᇦཬ䜃䜽䝤䝏◁₍䛛䜙䛾 ὶධ䛾ᙳ㡪䛜䛝䛟䠈㒊䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿㯤Ἑ䛛䜙䛾ᾰ㣴䛾ᙳ㡪䛜䛝䛔䠊䛭䛾䛯䜑䠈ᆅ
ୗỈ䛻ᙳ㡪䜢ཬ䜌䛩ᅵᆅ⏝䛾ኚ䜢⪃䛘䜛ሙྜ䛻䛿䠈࿘㎶㡿ᇦ䜢⪃៖䛩䜉䛝䛷䛒 䜛䠊2006ᖺ䜎䛷䛸2013ᖺ䜢ẚ㍑䛩䜛䛸䠈༡㒊䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿䠈すഃ䛷ᕤᴗ㖔ᒣ⏝ᆅ䛜䛝䛟 䛸䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䜋䛛䠈㎰ᆅ䛾ᣑ䜒㢧ⴭ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ䛛䜛䠊㒊䛷䛿䠈ᮾഃ䛷Ἑᕝ㏆㎶
䛾〄ᆅ䛜㎰ᆅ䛻ኚ䜟䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊A.12䛻䛿2000ᖺ䛛䜙2013ᖺ䜎䛷䛾ྛ✀ᅵᆅ⏝䛾ኚ
ື䜢♧䛩䠊≉䛻⾲♧㡿ᇦ䛷䛿䠈ⲡᆅ䠈Ỉᇦ䛾ῶᑡ䛸㎰ᆅཬ䜃㖔ᕤᴗ⏝ᆅ䛾ቑຍ䛜㢧 ⴭ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ䛛䜛䠊ᅗA.18,19䛿㡿ᇦ䛸ㄪᰝᆅᇦ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝㠃✚䛾ኚ䜢♧䛩䚹ᅗ 䛛䜙ᆅᇦ䛾㎰ᆅ䛿ຎ䛧䛶䛒䜚䚸㎰ᆅ㠃✚䛿య㠃✚䛾⣙ 54%䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䜢ศ 䛛䜛䚹
㻌 㻌
㐩ᢼ≉㻌
ᮇ㻌 䝕䞊䝍㻌
2000/7/30 Landsat-7/ETM
2002/6/19 Landsat-7/ETM
2006/9/10 Landsat-5/TM
2007/6/25 Landsat-5/TM
2009/6/30 Landsat-5/TM
2013/8 Landsat-7/ETM
A.1㻌 ⾨ᫍ⏬ീ䝕䞊䝍
㻌
ᅗA.9㻌 㡿ᇦ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ(2000)㻌
A2ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ 79
㻌
ᅗA.10㻌 㡿ᇦ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ(2007)㻌
㻌
ᅗA.11㻌 㡿ᇦ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ(2009)㻌
A2ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ 81
㻌
ᅗA.12㻌 㻌 ㄪᰝᆅ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ㻔2000㻕㻌 㻌
㻌
ᅗA.13㻌 ㄪᰝᆅ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ㻔2002㻕㻌
A2ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ 83
㻌
ᅗA.14㻌 ㄪᰝᆅ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ㻔2006㻕㻌 㻌
㻌
ᅗA.15㻌 ㄪᰝᆅ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ㻔2007㻕㻌 㻌
㻌
A2ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ 85
㻌
ᅗA.16㻌 ㄪᰝᆅ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ㻔2009㻕㻌 㻌
㻌
ᅗA.17㻌 ㄪᰝᆅ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ㻔2013㻕㻌 㻌
A2ᅵᆅ⏝ศᯒ 87
㻌
ᅗA.18㻌 㡿ᇦ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝㠃✚ኚ
ᅗA.19㻌 ㄪᰝᆅᇦ䛾ᅵᆅ⏝㠃✚ኚ
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
㠃✚䠄䡇䡉䠎 䠅㻌
2000ᖺ 2002ᖺ 2006ᖺ 2007ᖺ 2009ᖺ 2013ᖺ
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
㠃✚䠄䡇䡉䠎 䠅㻌
2002 2006 2007 2009 2013
㻌
㻭㻟 㐩ᢼ≉Ẽ㇟ศᯒ㻌 㻌
ᅗA.19~20ෆ䝰䞁䝂䝹㎰ᴗᏛ䛾ỈᏛ㝔䛛䜙䜒䜙䛳䛯1995ᖺ䛛䜙2012䜎䛷䛾Ẽ
㇟䝕䞊䝍䜢ศᯒ䛧䛯䚹㝆Ỉ㔞䛿䠑䡚9 ᭶䛾ᩘ᪥䛻㞟୰䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜☜ㄆ䛷䛝䜛䚹ㄪᰝ ᮇ㛫ෆ䜢ᖺᗘู䛻ぢ䜛䛸䚸2003䞉2004 ᖺᗘ䛾ከ㞵䛻ᑐ䛧䚸2005ᖺᗘ䛿ᴟ䜑䛶ᑡ㞵䛷䛒 䛳䛯䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䚹䜎䛯䚸2006䛛䜙2012䜎䛷䛻㝆Ỉ㔞ᑡ䛺䛔䛜䚸2012ᖺ䛻䛿ከ㞵䛸䛺䛳 䛯䚹⌧ᆅㄪᰝ୰ᑓ㛛⪅䛛䜙⪺䛝ྲྀ䜚ㄪᰝ䛻䛿䚸ᮏᙜ䛿2005 䛛䜙㝆Ỉ㔞ᑡ䛺䛟䛶䜒2012 ᖺ㞵䛜ከ䛛䛳䛯䛾䛷ᆅᇦ䛾ᆅୗỈ䛜ᅇ䛧䛶䛛䜙2013ᖺ䛾㏣ຍㄪᰝ䛻ᆅୗỈ䛾 పୗ䛿䛒䜎䜚ぢ䜙䜜䛺䛔䛸ゝ䛳䛯䚹䛷䜒䚸2012 ᖺ䛻㞵䛜ከ䛟䛶䜒㻌2013 ᖺ䛾ㄪᰝ䛷༡㒊 ᆅᇦ䛾ᆅୗỈ䛿᫂䜙䛛䛻పୗ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ䛾ᆅୗỈ㔞䜢ィ⟬䛩䜛ᙳ㡪䛜䛒 䜛䛯䜑㝆Ỉ䛾㔞䜢ィ⟬䛧䛯䚹⤖ᯝ䛿ᅗA.21䛻♧䛩䚹2005䛾㝆Ỉ㔞䛿18.95×106m3䛛䜙 2012ᖺ䛾43.85×106m3䜎䛷䛻ቑ䛘䛯䚹㻌
㻌
ᅗA.20 ㄪᰝᆅᆅᇦ䛾㝆Ỉ㔞ኚ
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
㝆Ỉ㔞䠄䡉䡉䠅㻌
㝆Ỉ㔞㻌
0 89
㻌
ᅗA.21 ㄪᰝᆅᆅᇦ䛾Ꮨ⠇ู㝆Ỉ㔞ኚ
ᅗA.22 ㄪᰝᆅᆅᇦ䛾㝆Ỉ䛾㔞
0 100 200 300 400 500
600 (12,1,2)
⛅(9,10,11) ኟ(6,7,8)
䠄3,4,5)
0.00E+00 1.00E+07 2.00E+07 3.00E+07 4.00E+07 5.00E+07 6.00E+07
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
㝆Ỉ䛾㔞䠄䡉䠏䠅㻌 㝆Ỉ䛾㔞
㻌 㻌
㻭㻠 㐩ᢼ≉⤫ィ䝕䞊䝍ศᯒ㻌 㻌
௨ୗࡣᮏᆅ༊ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㐩ᢼ≉ࡢ 1998 ࡽࡢ⤫ィࢹ࣮ࢱᆅୗỈࡢ㛵 ಀࢆ♧ࡋࡓศᯒ࡞ࡿࠋ㐩ᢼ≉యࡢ㎰ᆅ㠃✚ࡢ᥎⛣ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪 ᐇ㝿ࡢ㎰స≀ࡀసࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㎰స≀㠃✚ࡣᖺࠎᣑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㎰ᆅ㠃✚ࡀᣑࡋ
ࡼࡾ⏕⏘㔞ࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ⫧ᩱ⏝㔞ࡶቑ࠼࡚⌧ᆅࡢᆅୗỈࡢỈ㉁ࡢ
ຎࡢཎᅉࡢ୍ࡘ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㐩ᢼ≉ࡢேཱྀ⤫ィࡽぢࡿேཱྀࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡀࠊ㎰ᮧ࡛㎰ᴗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿேᩘࡀῶࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋㄪᰝᆅᇦࡢ⤫ィ䝕䞊䝍䛾䛖䛱䠈ேཱྀ䛚 䜘䜃ᕤᴗ⏕⏘㔞䛸䛾㛫䛻ᙉ䛔㈇䛾┦㛵䛜ぢ䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ䛛䜛䠊䜎䛯䠈㎰ᮧປാຊ 䛸䛿ṇ䛾┦㛵䛜ぢ䜙䜜䜛䠊ᕤᴗ⏕⏘㔞䛾ቑຍ䛻䜘䜚ᆅᇦ䛾ேཱྀ䛜ቑ䛘䠈䜎䛯㎰ᮧປാ
ຊ䛜྾䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛸⪃䛘䜜䜀䠈䛣䜜䜙୕䛴䛾ㄝ᫂ኚᩘ䛿⊂❧䛷䛿䛺䛟䛺䜛䠊ḟ䛔䛷┦
㛵ᛶ䛜㧗䛔䜒䛾䛿㎰ᆅ㠃✚䛷䛒䜚䠈㎰ᆅ䛾ቑຍ䛜ᥭỈ㔞ቑຍ䛸ᙉ䛔㛵ಀ䜢ᣢ䛴䛣䛸䛿
ീ䛻᫆䛔䠊䜎䛯䠈✐≀⏕⏘㔞䛸䛿ᙉ䛔㛵㐃䜢ᣢ䛱䠈䛝䜟䜑䛶㏆䛔ㄝ᫂ኚᩘ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛔 䛘䜛䠊ᘓタ♫⥲⏘್䜒ᕤᴗ⏕⏘䛸䛴䛺䛜䛳䛶䛚䜚䠈ᐙ␆ᩘ䠈᭷ຠ℺₅㠃✚䛿┦㛵ᛶ 䛜ప䛔䠊䝕䞊䝍ᩘ䛜㝈䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䛯䜑䠈ᚲ䛪䛧䜒ṇ☜䛺ഴྥ䜢♧䛧䛶䛔䜛䛸䛿䛔䛔䛝䜜 䛺䛔䛜ᐇ㉁ⓗ䛻䛘䜙䜜䛯ㄝ᫂ኚᩘ䛿ᕤᴗ⏕⏘㔞䛸㎰ᆅ㠃✚䛻⤠䜙䜜䜛䜒䛾䛸⪃䛘䜙 䜜䜛䠊㻌
ᅗA.23 㐩ᢼ≉ࡢேཱྀᆅୗỈ
-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
䡉
ே
ேཱྀ
㎰ᮧປാຊ ᆅୗỈ䠄9䛛䜙12䠅 ᆅୗỈ䠄5䛛䜙12䠅