ᑠ ᣓ㸸⮬ᚊᛶ࡜๰㐀ᛶ

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- 66 -

㞧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⌮ᛕⓗ࡞ᴫᛕࣔࢹࣝࡀࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔࣭ࢧࣈ࣮ࣜࢪࣙࣥ࡟࠾ࡅ

ࡿ㉺ቃ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢศᯒどゅࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠋࡣࡓࡋ࡚ࠊ1㸧ᵓᡂ༢఩ࡢ⮬ᚊᛶ࡜2㸧๰㐀ᛶ㸦ࢲ

࢖ࢼ࣑ࢬ࣒㸧ࢆෆⓎᛶࡢせ⣲࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡓࠊȘ㸸ෆⓎⓗ㉺ቃ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢලయീࡀᮾ໭࢔ࢪ

࢔࣭ࢧࣈ࣮ࣜࢪࣙࣥ࡟☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿ࠋNEAR࡟ࡳࡽࢀࡿ㉺ቃ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢᐇែ࡟㏕ࡗ࡚ࡳ

ࡓ࠸ࠋ

ᅗ1-5 ࢧࣈ࣮ࣜࢪࣙࢼࣝ㉺ቃ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢ⌮ᛕࣔࢹࣝ

㸦₯ᅾ౯್ࡢ๰㐀㐣⛬㸧

๰ 㐀

ᅜᐙ㏣㝶 㸦ᅜᐙୗ఩⾜ᨻయ㸧

ș㸸⟶ ⌮ Ș㸸ෆ Ⓨ

⮬ ᚊ 㸦ᅜ㝿⾜Ⅽయ㸧 Ț㸸ධࢀᏊ ț㸸➇ த

⋓ ᚓ㸭⥔ ᣢ

㸦ᕼᑡ౯್ࡢ⋓ᚓ㐣⛬㸭⌧Ꮡ౯್ࡢ⥔ᣢ㐣⛬㸧

ฟᡤ㸸➹⪅సᡂࠋ

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1 Ḣᕞ⤫ྜࡢ⌮ㄽⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆᩚ⌮ࡋࡓ⥙⨶ⓗ࠿ࡘᆒ⾮ࡢ࡜ࢀࡓᩥ⊩࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ௨ୗࡀཧ⪃࡟࡞

ࡿࠋAntje Wiener and Thomas Diez, eds., Eurooean Integration Theory, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009, 2nd edn.㸦ᮾ㔝⠜Ꮚヂ࣮ࠗࣚࣟࢵࣃ⤫ྜࡢ⌮ㄽ࠘ວⲡ᭩ᡣࠊ2010ᖺ㸧ࠋ

ࣦ࢕ࢼ࣮㸦A. Wiener㸧࡜ࢹ࢕࣮ࢬ㸦T. Diez㸧ࡣࠊḢᕞ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽࢆࠊᶵ⬟㸦ㄝ࣭᫂⌮ゎࠊศᯒ࣭

ླྀ㏙ࠊᵓ⠏㸧࡜ᑐ㇟㸦ᨻయࠊᨻ⟇ࠊᨻ἞㸧ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࠿ࡽᩚ⌮ࡋࠊࠕࣔࢨ࢖ࢡⓗ≧ἣࠖ࡜࿧ࡪࠋ Thomas Diez and Antje Wiener, “Introducing the Mosaic of Integration Theory,” in Ibid., pp.

6-11.㸦ヂ᭩ࠊ9-16㡫㸧ࠋࡇࡢ࡯࠿ࠊ㑥ㄒᩥ⊩࡛ࡣࠊ୰ᮧẸ㞝⦅ࠗEU◊✲ࡢ᪂ᆅᖹ̿̿๓౛࡞ࡁ

ᨻయ࡬ࡢ᥋㏆࠘㸦࣑ࢿࣦࣝ࢓᭩ᡣࠊ2005ᖺ㸧ࠊᖹᓥᘓྖࠕEU◊✲࡜࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠖ

㸦ᮾி኱Ꮫ♫఍⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩ࣮ࣙࣥ࣌ࣃ࣮᪥ᮏㄒࢩ࣮ࣜࢬJ-203ࠊ2012ᖺ4᭶㸧ࢆ

ཧ↷ࠋ

2 Beat Kohler-Koch and Berthold Rittberger, “Review Article: The 'Governance Tum' in EU Studies,” Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol.44 (Annual Review), 2006, pp.27-49.

3 Liepsbet Hooghe and Gary Marks, eds., Multi-level Governance and European Integration, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2001, Ian Bache and Matthew Flinders (eds), Multi-level Governance, New York: Oxford University Press, 2004, Simona Piattoni, The Theory of Multi-level Governance; Conceptual, Emprical, and Normative Challenges, New York:

Oxford University Press Inc, 2010.

4 Beate Kohler-Koch, “The Evolution and Transformation of European Governance,” in Beate Kohler-Koch and Rainer Eising, eds., The Transformation of Governance in the European Union, London: Routledge, 1999, pp.14-35. ୰ᮧ೺࿃ࠗḢᕞ⤫ྜ࡜㏆௦ᅜᐙࡢኚᐜ

̿̿EUࡢከḟඖࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࣭࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫ࠘㸦᫛࿴ᇽࠊ2005ᖺ㸧ࠋ

5 B. Kohler-Koch, op. cit., pp.19-20.

6 ⮻஭㝧୍㑻ࠕEU࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢ◊✲࡜ゝㄝᵓᡂㄽࡢヨࡳࠖ㸦ࠗ᪂₲ᅜ㝿᝟ሗ኱Ꮫ᝟ሗᩥ໬Ꮫ㒊⣖

せ࠘10ྕࠊ2007ᖺ㸧65㡫ࠋ

7 㧘ᶫ࿴ࠕEU࡟࠾ࡅࡿᆅᇦ༠ຊࡢไᗘ໬ࡢ㐍ᒎ࡜ᆅᇦⓗ✵㛫ࡢᙧᡂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ :

INTERREG IIIࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚ࠖ㸦ࠗᒣᙧ኱Ꮫ⣖せ࠘➨36ᕳ➨2ྕࠊ2006ᖺ㸧47-67㡫ࠋ

8 ᯿ᮏⱥ㞝ࠕEU ᆅᇦᨻ⟇ศᯒᯟ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࠕ㉺ቃᗈᇦ⤒Ⴀࠖࣔࢹࣝᵓ⠏ࡢヨࡳ㸸ࣂࣝࢺᾏࢢ

ࣛࣥࢻࢹࢨ࢖ࣥVASAB2010࡜ INTERREGϩCࢆ౛ド࡜ࡋࡓḢᕞᆅᇦ✵㛫෌⦅ᡂࡢ◊✲ࠖ

㸦ᘯ๓኱ᏛேᩥᏛ㒊ࠗேᩥ♫఍ㄽྀ࠘➨14ྕࠊ2005ᖺ㸧1-37㡫ࠋ

9 ౛࠼ࡤࠊ㐲⸨஝ࡣࠊ୙ྍศ࡞୺ᶒࢆᣢࡘ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃྜ⾗ᅜᵓ⠏࡬ࡢヨࡳࠊࡘࡲࡾ኱ᩥᏐࡢࠕ⤫

ྜ㸦Integration㸧ࠖࡣ⤊↉ࡋࡓ࡜ࡋࠊ௒ᚋࡣࠕከඖ࡟ࡋ࡚ྍศ࡞ᨻ἞యࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢEUࡀࡋࡪ

࡜ࡃ⏕ࡁṧࡿࡔࢁ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࠋ㐲⸨஝ࠗ⤫ྜࡢ⤊↉̿̿EUࡢᐇീ࡜ㄽ⌮࠘㸦ᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊ2013ᖺ㸧ࠋ

10 ⿵᏶ᛶཎ⌮ࢆ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃᛮ᝿ྐࡸ୺ᶒᴫᛕ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟࠾࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࠊᴫᛕࡢᑕ⛬ࢆ᫂☜࡟ࡋࡓ

ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊྠୖ᭩ࠊ293-323㡫ࡀཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࡯࠿ࠊᒸ㒊᫂ᏊࠕEU࣭ᅜ࣭ᆅᇦࡢ୕ゅᙧ

࡟ࡼࡿḢᕞ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫ̿̿ከඖⓗ࡟ࠑ⿵᏶ᛶࡢཎ⌮ࠒࢆ㐺⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢬ࣒ࠖ㸦༓ⴥ

኱Ꮫබඹ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠗබඹ◊✲࠘➨4ᕳ➨1ྕࠊ2009ᖺ6᭶㸧110-134㡫ࢆཧ↷ࠋ

11 Ḣᕞ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࡢどᗙ࠿ࡽNEARࡢㄢ㢟ࢆ⪃ᐹࡋࡓ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㧚㫛䠢ࠕ㥶⩓ 㰖⹿㩫⿖㦮 㽞ῃṖ㩗 㡆Ἒ㢖 ゚ᾦ䞲 ☯⿗㞚㔲㞚 㧦䂮┾㼊㡆䞿㸦NEAR㸧㦮G ὒ㩲ࠖ㸦䞲☛㌂䣢ὒ䞯䣢G

ࠗ䞲࣭☛㌂䣢ὒ䞯⏒㽳࠘㩲 13ῢ 㩲2䢎ࠊ2003⎚12㤪㸧pp. 57-76. 㸦Lim, Jong HunࠕḢ ᕞᆅ᪉ᨻᗓࡢ㉸ᅜᐙⓗ㐃ᦠ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ໭ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦ⮬἞య㐃ྜ㸦NEAR㸧ࡢㄢ㢟ࠖ㡑⊂♫఍

⛉Ꮫ఍ࠗ㡑࣭⊂♫఍⛉Ꮫㄽྀ࠘➨13ᕳ➨2ྕࠊ2003ᖺ12᭶ࠊ57-76㡫㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㧚㫛䠢㸦Lim,

Jong Hun㸧ࡣࠊࢻ࢖ࢶࡢ஦౛ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟Ḣᕞࡢᆅᇦጤဨ఍㸦CoR㸧ࡸḢᕞᆅᇦ఍㆟㸦AER㸧࡜

ẚ㍑࠿ࡽࠊNEARࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ1㸧ඹྠࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢලయ໬ࠊ2㸧ᖖタ஦ົᒁࡢタ⨨ࠊ3㸧

㈈ᨻᇶ┙ࡢᙉ໬ࠊ4㸧ព㆑ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬̿̿ࡢᅄⅬࢆᢳฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

12 ῰㇂Ṋࠕ༠⏕ࡢဴᏛ̿̿௚⪅⫯ᐃ࣭⮬⪅⫯ᐃࡢᨻ἞ࠖ㸦ከ㈡⚽ᩄ⦅ࠗᅜቃࢆ㉺࠼ࡿᐇ㦂̿̿⎔

᪥ᮏᾏࡢᵓ᝿࠘᭷ಙᇽࠊ1992ᖺ㸧213㡫ࠋ

13 ྠୖ᭩ࠊ198㡫ࠋ

14 ྠୖ᭩ࠊ193㡫ࠋ

- 68 -

15 ྠୖ᭩ࠊ195-196㡫ࠋ

16ࠕ༠⏕ࠖᛮ᝿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ῰㇂Ṋࠗ͆ࡁࡻ࠺ࡏ࠸͇ኚ໬⪃ぬ᭩࠘㸦2002ᖺ㸧ࠊྠࠗⴥⴥ༠⏕ㄽ࠘

㸦ᩥⱁ♫ࠊ2008ᖺ㸧ࢆཧ↷ࡉࢀࡓ࠸ࠋ

17 㛵ᐶ἞ࠕ᪥ᮏᾏ᫬௦ࡢ฿᮶࡜ᅜ㝿ᨻ἞⌮ㄽࠖ㸦ከ㈡⚽ᩄ⦅ࠗᅜቃࢆ㉺࠼ࡿᐇ㦂̿̿⎔᪥ᮏᾏࡢ ᵓ᝿࠘᭷ಙᇽࠊ1992ᖺ㸧183㡫ࠋ

18 㛵ᐶ἞ࠕ⡿ࢯ෭ᡓ⤊⤖ᚋ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⎔᪥ᮏᾏ㸦ᮾᾏ㸧ࡢព࿡ࠖ㸦ࠗ⎔᪥ᮏᾏ◊✲࠘➨3ྕࠊ1997 ᖺ㸧16㡫ࠋ

19 㭯ぢ࿴ᏊࠗෆⓎⓗⓎᒎㄽࡢᒎ㛤࠘㸦⟃ᦶ᭩ᡣࠊ1996ᖺ㸧9㡫ࠋ

20 ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡢࢲࢢ࣭ࣁ࣐࣮ࢩࣙࣝࢻ㈈ᅋࡀ1975ᖺᅜ㐃≉ู⥲఍࡬ᥦฟࡋࡓሗ࿌᭩ࡢ୰࡛ࠊ ࠕࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢⓎᒎࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᴫᛕࡢᒓᛶࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬ຊ᭦⏕࡜୪ࢇ࡛ࠊࠕෆⓎⓗࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝ ⴥࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࡢࡀ᭱ึ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋすᕝ₶ࠕෆⓎⓗⓎᒎㄽࡢ㉳※࡜௒᪥ⓗព⩏ࠖ㸦㭯ぢ࿴

Ꮚ࣭ᕝ⏣౔⦅ࠗෆⓎⓗⓎᒎㄽ࠘ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊ1989ᖺ㸧3-4㡫ࠋ

21 㭯ぢ࿴Ꮚࠕᅜ㝿㛵ಀ࡜㏆௦໬࣭Ⓨᒎㄽࠖ㸦Ṋ⪅ᑠ㊰බ⚽࣭⾀ᒣ㐨㞝⦅ࠗᅜ㝿Ꮫ̿̿⌮ㄽ࡜ᒎᮃ࠘

ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊ1976ᖺ㸧58-62㡫ࠋ

22 㭯ぢࡣࠊෆⓎⓗⓎᒎࢆḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࠋࠕෆⓎⓗⓎᒎㄽ࡜ࡣࠊ┠ᶆ࡟࠾࠸࡚ே㢮ඹ㏻࡛࠶

ࡾࠊ┠ᶆ㐩ᡂ࡬ࡢ⤒㊰࡜๰ฟࡍ࡭ࡁ♫఍ࡢࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊከᵝᛶ࡟ᐩࡴ♫఍ኚ໬ࡢ㐣⛬

࡛࠶ࡿࠋඹ㏻┠ᶆ࡜ࡣࠊᆅ⌫ୖࡢࡍ࡭࡚ࡢேࠎ࠾ࡼࡧ㞟ᅋࡀࠊ⾰㣗ఫࡢᇶᮏⓗせồࢆ඘㊊ࡋ

ே㛫࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ༑඲࡟Ⓨ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ᮲௳ࢆࡘࡃࡾฟࡍࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡢᅜෆ

࠾ࡼࡧᅜ㝿㛫ࡢ᱁ᕪࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍᵓ㐀ࢆኚ㠉ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡬⮳ࡿ㐨ࡍࡌ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ

ࡼ࠺࡞┠ᶆࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺♫఍ࡢࡍࡀࡓ࡜ࠊேࠎࡢ⏕άࡢࢫࢱ࢖ࣝ࡜ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ♫

఍࠾ࡼࡧᆅᇦࡢேࠎ࠾ࡼࡪ㞟ᅋ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᅛ᭷ࡢ⮬↛⎔ቃ࡟㐺ྜࡋࠊᩥ໬㑇⏘࡟ࡶ࡜࡙ࡁࠊ Ṕྐⓗ᮲௳࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊእ᮶ࡢ▱㆑࣭ᢏ⾡࣭ไᗘ࡞࡝ࢆ↷ྜࡋࡘࡘࠊ⮬ᚊⓗ࡟๰ฟࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᆅ⌫ⓗつᶍ࡛ෆⓎⓗⓎᒎࡀ㐍⾜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࡑࢀࡣከ⣔ⓗⓎᒎ࡛࠶ࡾࠊඛⓎᚋⓎࢆ

ၥࢃࡎࠊ┦஫࡟ࠊᑐ➼࡟ࠊάⓎ࡟ࠊᡭᮏ஺᥮ࡀ࠾ࡇ࡞ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠖࠋ㭯ぢࠊ๓ ᥖ᭩㸦1996ᖺ㸧ࠊ9-10㡫ࠋ

23 ྠୖ᭩ࠊ23㡫ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ㭯ぢࡣࠊ⋢㔝஭ⰾ㑻ࡢᆅᇦ୺⩏ࡢ㆟ㄽࡸࢪ࢙ࢩ࣮࣭ࣂ࣮ࢼ࣮ࢻࡢࢥ࣑

ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ᴫᛕࡢᩚ⌮ࢆᇶ࡟ࠊᆅᇦࢆࠊࠕᐃఫ⪅࡜⁻Ἡ⪅࡜୍᫬⁻Ἡ⪅࡜ࡀࠊ┦஫స⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜

࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ඹ㏻ࡢ⣣ᖏࢆ๰ࡾฟࡍྍ⬟ᛶࢆࡶࡗࡓሙᡤࠖ࡜෌ᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࠋྠୖ᭩ࠊ25-26 㡫ࠋ

24 ྠୖ᭩ࠊ26-30㡫ࠋ

25 Ᏹ㔝㔜᫛࣭㭯ぢ࿴Ꮚ⦅ࠗෆⓎⓗⓎᒎ࡜እྥᆺⓎᒎ̿̿⌧௦୰ᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ஺㘒࠘㸦ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧

఍ࠊ1994ᖺ㸧295㡫ࠋಖẕṊᙪࡶࠊᨻ἞ᶒຊࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿᆅ᪉⮬἞ࢆᣄ⤯ࡍࡿ㭯ぢࡢ㆟ㄽ࡟

␲⩏ࢆ࿊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋಖẕṊᙪࠗෆⓎⓗⓎᒎㄽ࡜᪥ᮏࡢ㎰ᒣᮧ࠘㸦ᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊ1996ᖺ㸧123-124 㡫ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊෆⓎⓗⓎᒎㄽࢆ⡆₩࡟ࣞࣅ࣮ࣗࡋࠊᆅ᪉⮬἞࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ᪥୰ẚ㍑ࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽ⪃ᐹࡋ ࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᙇᛅ௵ࠕ᪥୰ෆⓎⓗⓎᒎ࣭ᆅ᪉⮬἞◊✲ᗎㄝࠖ㸦ᓥ᰿┴❧኱Ꮫ໭ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦ

◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⦅ࠗ໭ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔◊✲࠘➨16ྕࠊ2008ᖺ12᭶㸧1-17㡫ࡀཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

26 Ᏹ㔝ࡣࠊࠕ໭ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᆅᇦࡀࠊࡑࡢᅛ᭷ᛶࢆಖᣢࡋࡓࡲࡲࠊ┦஫ࡢ┦㐪ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࠊ ࡑࢀ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ࠶࠸㏻ࡌྜ࠺ඹ㏻ࡢࢳࣕࢿࣝࢆ㛤ᣅࡋࠊࡇࡢඹ㏻ࡢࢳࣕࢿࣝࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚┦஫

࡟ᙳ㡪ࡋ࠶࠸ࠊ┦஫࡟Ⓨᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠖ࡜࠸࠺⌮ㄽⓗ࡞௬ㄝࢆࠊࠕ໭ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦ◊✲㛤ᣅࡢ๓ ᥦࠖ࡟⨨࠸ࡓࠋᏱ㔝㔜᫛࣭ቑ⏣⿱ྖ⦅ࠗ໭ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦ◊✲ᗎㄝ࠘㸦ᅜ㝿᭩㝔ࠊ2000ᖺ㸧18-20 㡫ࠋ

27 Ᏹ㔝࣭㭯ぢ⦅ࠊ๓ᥖ᭩㸦1994ᖺ㸧1㡫ࠋ

28 ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ㠀ᅜᐙ⾜Ⅽయ࡟ࡼࡿᆅᇦᅜ㝿⛛ᗎࡢᵓ⠏ࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆࠕෆⓎⓗᆅᇦᅜ㝿⛛ᗎࠖ࡜࿧

ࡪࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊబΏ཭ဴࠕ໭ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪂ᅜ㝿⛛ᗎ࡬ࡢᶍ⣴̿̿ෆⓎⓗୗ఩ᆅᇦᅜ㝿༠ ຊᵓ᝿ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽࠖ㸦ࠗᨻ⤒◊✲࠘➨39ᕳ➨4ྕࠊ2003ᖺ㸧369-402㡫ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊྠ

ㄽᩥࡣࠊෆⓎᛶ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆᇶ࡟ศᯒᯟ⤌ࡳࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ௻ᅗࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢ࡯

࠿ࠊᮏㄽᩥࡢᩥ⬦ࡸ஦౛࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡀࠊࣛࢹ࢕࢝ࣝࢹࣔࢡࣛࢩ࣮ㄽࢆෆⓎⓗⓎᒎㄽࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ

- 69 -

࣮࣋ࢫ࡟ศᯒどゅ࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨௜ࡅࡓ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᇼⰾᯞࠗෆⓎⓗẸ୺୺⩏࡬ࡢ୍⪃ᐹ̿̿ࣇ࢕

ࣜࣆࣥࡢ㎰ᆅᨵ㠉࡟࠾ࡅࡿᨻᗓࠊNGOࠊఫẸ⤌⧊࠘㸦ᅜ㝿᭩㝔ࠊ2005ᖺ㸧ࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ

29 すᕝ₶ࠕࡣࡌࡵ࡟̿̿⚾ࡢ◊✲㐢Ṕࠖ㸦すᕝ₶࣭ඵᮌᑦᚿ࣭ΎỈ࿴ᕭ⦅ࠗ♫఍⛉Ꮫࢆ෌ᵓ⠏ࡍ

ࡿ̿̿ᆅᇦᖹ࿴࡜ෆⓎⓗⓎᒎ࠘᫂▼᭩ᗑࠊ2007ᖺ㸧9-13㡫ࠋ

30 ከ㈡⚽ᩄ㺀᪥㡑Ẹ㛫༠ຊࡢ⌧≧࡜ྍ⬟ᛶ̿ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㠀ᅜᐙ⾜Ⅽయ࡟ࡼࡿ༠ㄪࣉ

ࣟࢭࢫࡢጞື㺁㸦኱␊ⱥᶞ࣭ᩥṇோ⦅ࠗ᪥㡑ᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫࡢ᪂ᆅᖹ࠘៞ᛂ⩏ሿ኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊ2005 ᖺ㸧290㡫ࠋ

31 ከ㈡ࡢࠕ⾜Ⅽయࡢ῝ᒙࠖ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊከ㈡⚽ᩄࠕᅜ㝿♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿ♫఍༢఩ࡢ῝ᒙࠖ

㸦ከ㈡⚽ᩄ⦅ࠗᅜ㝿♫఍ࡢኚᐜ࡜⾜Ⅽయ࠘ᡂᩥᇽࠊ1999ᖺ㸧ࢆཧ↷ࡉࢀࡓ࠸ࠋᗎㄽ࡛ࡶ㏙࡭ࡓ

ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊከ㈡ࡣศᯒࡢᇶᮏ༢఩ࢆࠕ⾜Ⅽయࡢ῝ᒙࠖ࡟ࡲ࡛᥀ࡾୗࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ᪉ἲㄽ࡜ࡋ

࡚ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ㄽࢆ⤌ࡳ᥮࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᅜ㝿ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ㄽ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀ௨ୖศ๭୙

ྍ⬟࡞༢఩㸦unit㸧ࠊ༢఩㛫ࡢ㛵ಀ㸦relation㸧ࠊศᯒᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡿ⠊ᅖ㸦boundary㸧ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ

ࡀᅜᐙ࣭ᅜቃࢆᇶ‽࡟ᵓ⠏ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋከ㈡ࡣࡇࢀࢆ⌧௦ࡢᅜ㝿㛵ಀࢆㄽࡌࡿᯟ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ጇ ᙜᛶࢆḞࡃࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ༢఩㸦unit㸧ࢆ⾜Ⅽయࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࡟ࡲ࡛᥀ࡾୗࡆࠊࡑࡢ┦஫

㛵ಀ㸦relation㸧࡜ࡋ࡚࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆࡵࡄࡿไᗘ㸦institution㸧࡟╔┠ࡋࠊศᯒࡢ⠊ᅖ 㸦boundary㸧ࢆᆅ⌮ⓗ✵㛫ࡸ⾜ᨻ༊⏺࡟ࡣ཰ࡲࡾࡁࡽ࡞࠸ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ㸦network㸧࡟↔Ⅼࢆ

ᙜ࡚ࡓࠋࠕࡲࡗࡓࡃ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣘࢽࢵࢺㄽ࠿ࡽ௙ษࡾ┤ࡋࢆࡋ࡚ࠊ༢఩ࡢෆഃ࠿ࡽ࡜ࡽ࠼࡚ࠗ࢔࢖

ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࠘ࡢᅜ㝿㛵ಀㄽࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࠖ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊࠕእഃ࠿ࡽ࡜ࡽ࠼࡚ࠊ࣮࢜ࣝࢻࣇ࢓ࢵࢩ

ࣙࣥࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ㄽ࡟᪂ࡋ࠸㓇ࢆὀ࠸࡛⸽ࡽࡏࡿࠖ᪉ἲㄽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋྠୖ᭩ࠊ418㡫ࠋ

32 ᅜ㝿ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ㄽࡢ୕せ⣲࡟ἢࡗࡓᴫᛕタᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋከ㈡⚽ᩄࠕ♫఍⌧㇟࡬ࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡢࡓࡵ

ࡢࣄࣥࢺ࡜ᇶᮏⓗࢻࣜࣝ㸸ẚ㍑࡜ศ㢮ࠖ㸦ࠗ᪩✄⏣♫఍⛉Ꮫ⥲ྜ◊✲࠘➨5ᕳ➨1ྕࠊ2004ᖺ 7᭶㸧34-36㡫ࠊẟ㔛࿴Ꮚ࣭᳃ᕝ⿱஧⦅ࠗᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ඹྠయࡢᵓ⠏4 ᅗㄝ ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡゎᯒ࠘

㸦ᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊ2006ᖺ㸧viii㡫ࠋ

33 ᪥ᮏࡢ⮬἞యእ஺ࢆ⪃ᐹࡋࡓࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ㸦P. Jain㸧ࡶࠊᆅ᪉ᨻᗓࡢ࡯࠿࡟ᅜᐙ㸦୰ኸᨻᗓ㸧ࡢせ

⣲ࢆຍ࠼ࠊ୰ኸ࣭ᆅ᪉㛵ಀ࡜እ஺㛵ಀࡢせ⣲࠿ࡽศᯒࡍࡿࠋPurnendra Jain, Japan’s Subnational Governments in International Affairs, New York: Routledge, 2005.㸦௒ᮧ㒔༡㞝

┘ヂࠗ᪥ᮏࡢ⮬἞యእ஺̿̿᪥ᮏእ஺࡜୰ኸᆅ᪉㛵ಀ࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺ࠘ᩗᩥᇽࠊ2009ᖺ㸧ࠋ

34 ᯿ᮏⱥ㞝ࠕEU ᆅᇦ✵㛫෌⦅ᡂ࡜ࢧࣈ࣮ࣜࢪࣙࣥࠖ㸦᪩✄⏣኱Ꮫ♫఍⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉༤ኈ㸦Ꮫ⾡㸧 Ꮫ఩⏦ㄳㄽᩥࠊ2010ᖺ㸧ࠋ᯿ᮏࡣࠊEUࢧࣈ࣮ࣜࢪࣙࣥࡢ⤒㦂◊✲ࢆᇶ࡟ࠊࢧࣈ࣮ࣜࢪࣙࣥࡢ

ࡼ࠺࡞ᨻ἞✵㛫ࡢ෌ᵓ⠏࡟ཧຍࡍࡿ㠀ᅜᐙ⾜Ⅽయࢆ୕ࡘ࡟ศ㢮ࡍࡿࠋ୍ࡘࡀࠊ㉸ᅜᐙ⤌⧊࣭ᅜ ᐙ࣭ᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ࡞࡝ࠕሙᡤࠖ࡟᰿ࡊࡋࡓࠕ㡿ᇦⓗ⾜Ⅽయࠖࠊ஧ࡘ┠ࡀࠊၟᕤ఍㆟ᡤ࣭⁺༠࣭ປാ

⤌ྜ࡞࡝≉ᐃࡢᶵ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࠕᶵ⬟ⓗ⾜Ⅽయࠖࠊ୕ࡘ┠ࡀࠊ⎔ቃNGO࡞࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࠕㄢ㢟≉໬

ᆺ⾜Ⅽయ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ྛ✀⾜Ⅽయࡢࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻ✀ࡢᏑᅾࡶ♧၀ࡍࡿࠋ᯿ᮏࡣ୰࡛ࡶᆅ᪉ ᨻᗓ࡞࡝ࡢࠕ㡿ᇦⓗ⾜Ⅽయࠖࡀ⮬ࡽࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆኚᐜࡉࡏࠊᅜ㝿⾜Ⅽయ࡜ࡋ࡚㉸ᅜᐙ

ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡜༠ຊࡋ࡚࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢሙ࡟ཧຍࡋ࡚ࡁࡓᐇែ࡟╔┠ࡍࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ᯿ᮏࡢ◊✲࡟ከࡃ ࡢ♧၀ࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔࡛ࡢᐇែᢕᥱࢆヨࡳࡓࡢࡀᮏㄽᩥࡢ㉳Ⅼ࡟࠶ࡿࠋ

35 ࠕᕼᑡ౯್ࡢ⋓ᚓ㐣⛬ࠖ࡜ࠕ⌧Ꮡ౯್ࡢ⥔ᣢ㐣⛬ࠖࠊࡲࡓ┤ᚋ࡟ᘬ⏝ࡍࡿࠕ₯ᅾ౯್ࡢ๰㐀㐣

⛬ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㐍⸨ᴿ୍ࠗᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ඹྠయࢆ࡝࠺ࡘࡃࡿ࠿࠘㸦ࡕࡃࡲ᪂᭩ࠊ⟃ᦶ᭩ᡣࠊ2007 ᖺ㸧261-262㡫ࢆཧ↷ࠋ

36 Andrew M. Scott, The Functioning of The International Political System, New York, The Macmillan Co, 1967, pp. 37-38.㸦ཎᙯஂヂࠗᅜ㝿ᨻ἞ࡢᶵ⬟࡜ศᯒ࠘⚟ᮧฟ∧ࠊ1973ᖺࠊ54-55 㡫㸧ࠋ

37 Ibid., p. 37.㸦ヂ᭩ࠊ54㡫㸧ࠋ

38 ᅜ㝿㛵ಀㄽ࡟࠾࠸࡚㠀ᅜᐙ⾜Ⅽయ࡟ὀ┠ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡢ⌮ㄽ₻ὶࡣࠊ1970ᖺ௦ࡢࢺࣛࣥࢫࢼࢩࣙ

ࢼ࣭࣮ࣝࣜࣞࢩࣙࣥࢬ◊✲࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ⓩሙࡋ㝯┒ࢆᴟࡵࠊ80ᖺ௦࡟⾶㏥ࡋࡓᚋࠊ90ᖺ௦࡟ධࡾ

෌⏕ࡋࡓࠋ➟ᮏ⨾ⰼࠕࢺࣛࣥࢫࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭࣮ࣝࣜࣞࢩࣙࣥࢬ◊✲ࡢ⯆㝯ࠊ⾶㏥ࠊ෌⏕࡜ᒎᮃࠖ

㸦᪩✄⏣኱Ꮫ♫఍⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ࠗࢯࢩ࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࠘Vol.7ࠊ2001ᖺ3᭶㸧283-297㡫ࢆཧ↷ࠋ

- 70 -

39 Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye, Jr., eds, Transnational Relations and World Politics, Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1971.

40 Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye, Jr., Powee and Interdependence: world politics in transition, Boston: Little, Brown, 1977.㸦⏣㈼἞┘ヂࠗࣃ࣮࣡࡜┦஫౫Ꮡ࣑࠘ࢿࣦࣝ࢓᭩ᡣࠊ 2012ᖺ㸧ࠋ

41 P. Jain, op. cit., p.17.㸦ヂ᭩ࠊ30㡫㸦ヂࡣ➹⪅୍㒊ಟṇ㸧㸧ࠋ

42 Richard W. Mansbach, Yale H. Ferguson and Donald E. Lampert, The Web of World Politics: Nonstate Actors in the Global System, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall,1976, pp.32-45.

43 Chadwick F. Alger, “”Foreign” Policies of U.S. publics,” International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 21, No.2, 1977, pp. 277-318. 㸦బΏ཭ဴヂࠕᕷẸ࡜㒔ᕷࡢᅜ㝿㛵ಀࠖᶓ὾ᕷᾏእ஺ὶ༠఍

⦅ࠗ㒔ᕷ࡜ᅜ㝿໬̿̿ࡑࡢ⌮ㄽ࡜ᐇ㊶࠘ᘯᩥᇽࠊ1982ᖺࠊ17-67㡫㸧ࠋ

44 ࢔ࣝࢪ࣮ࣕࡀୖグㄽᩥ௨㝆࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓㄽᩥࡢ୍㒊ࢆヂฟ࣭෌ᵓᡂࡋ࡚1987ᖺ࡟ฟ∧ࡉࢀࡓࠊ ࢳࣕࢻ࢘࢕ࢵࢡ࣭F࣭࢔ࣝࢪ࣮ࣕ㸦ྜྷ⏣᪂୍㑻⦅ヂ㸧ࠗᆅᇦ࠿ࡽࡢᅜ㝿໬̿̿ᅜᐙ㛵ಀㄽࢆ㉸࠼

࡚࠘㸦᪥ᮏホㄽ♫ࠊ1987ᖺ㸧ࢆཧ↷ࡉࢀࡓ࠸ࠋ

45 ࢯࣝࢲࢺࢫ㸦P. Soldatos㸧ࡣࠊpararell diplomacyࡢ␎⛠࡜ࡋ࡚para-diplomacyࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚

࠸ࡿࠋPanayotis Soldatos, “An Explanatory Framework for the Study of Federated States as Foreign-policy Actors,” in Hans J. Michelmann and Panayotis Soldatos (eds.),

Federalism and International Relations: The Role of Subnational Units, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990, pp. 34-53, Panayotis Soldatos, “Cascading Subnational Paradiplomacy in an Interdependent and Transnational World,” in Brown, D., Fry, E., States and Provinces in the International Political Economy. Berkeley, California: Institute of Governmental

Studies (IGS), 2: 1993, pp. 45-64. ࡞࠾ࠊࠕᖹ⾜እ஺ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ヂㄒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊḟࢆཧ↷ࡋࡓࠋ

㎞⩫⋹ࠕᚘẸ᪘୺⩏฿ㄆྠᖹ⾜እ஺㸸㨥໭ඞ⥂㦩ࠖ㸦ࠗᨻ἞⛉Ꮵㄽྀ࠘➨24ᮇࠊ2005ᖺ㸧111-136 㡫ࠋ

46 Ivo D. Duchacek, Daniel Latouche and Garth Stevenson, eds., Perforated Sovereignties and International Relations: Trans- Sovereign Contacts of Subnational Governments, New

York: Greenwood Press, 1988. ࡞࠾ࠊࢻࢗࣁࢳ࢙ࢡࡣࠊᙜึࠊࠕ࣑ࢡ࣭ࣟࢹ࢕ࣉ࣐ࣟࢩ࣮

㸦micro-diplomacy㸧ࠖࠊࠕࣉࣟࢺ࣭ࢹ࢕ࣉ࣐ࣟࢩ࣮㸦ptoto-diplomacy㸧ࠖ࡜࠸࠺⏝ㄒࢆዲࢇ࡛౑

⏝ࡋࡓࠋIvo D. Duchacek, “The International Dimenstion of Subnational Self-government,”

Publius, Fall, 1984, pp. 5-31.

47 Ivo D. Duchacek, “Perforated Sovereignties: Towards a Typology of New Actors in International Relations,” in H. J. Michelmann and P. Soldatos, eds., op.cit., p. 16.

48 Brian Hocking, Localizing Foreign Policy: Non-Central Governments and Multilayered Diplomacy, New York: St-Martin’s Press, 1993, pp. 3-4..

49 Francisco Aldecoa and Michael Keating, eds., Paradiplomacy in Action: The Foreign Relations of Sub-National Governments, London: Frank Cass, 1999, intro.

50 Guy Lachapelle and Stéphane Paquin, eds., Mastering Globalization: New Sub-States̓

Governance and Strategies, London: Routledge, 2005.

51 Peter Bursens and Jana Deforche, “Going Beyond Paradiplomacy? Adding Historical Institutionalism to Account for Regional Foreign Policy Competences,” The Hague Journal of Diplomacy 5, 2010, pp. 151-171.

52 ౛࠼ࡤࠊNoé Cornago, “On the Normalization of Sub-State Diplomacy,” The Hague Journal of Diplomacy 5, 2010, pp. 11-36, Richard Wyn Jones and Elin Royles, “Wales in the World:

Intergovernmental Relations and Sub-state Diplomacy,” British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Vol.14, 2012, pp. 250-269.

53 㤿ሙఙஓࠗ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡢᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ࠘㸦ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊ1980ᖺ㸧ࠊྠࠗᆅ⌫ᩥ໬ࡢࡺ

ࡃ࠼࠘㸦ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊ1983ᖺ㸧ࠊྠࠕ㠀ᅜᐙ⾜Ⅽయ࡜ᅜ㝿㛵ಀ̿̿ᗎㄽࠖ㸦᪥ᮏᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ

఍⦅ࠗᅜ㝿ᨻ἞㸦㠀ᅜᐙ⾜Ⅽయ࡜ᅜ㝿㛵ಀ㸧࠘➨59ྕࠊ᭷ᩫ㛶ࠊ1978ᖺ㸧i-x㡫ࠊྠࠕᆅ᪉୺

⩏࡜ᅜ㝿ᨻ἞̿̿࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡢᶍ⣴࡜ⴱ⸨ࠖ㸦᪥ᮏᨻ἞Ꮫ఍⦅ࠗᖺሗᨻ἞Ꮫ㸦⌧௦ᅜᐙ

- 71 -

ࡢ఩┦࡜⌮ㄽ㸧࠘➨32ྕࠊᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊ1981ᖺ㸧19-42㡫࡞࡝ࢆཧ↷ࠋ

54 ࠕẸ㝿እ஺ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊẸ㝿እ஺10ᖺྐ௻⏬⦅㞟ጤဨ఍⦅ࠗẸ㝿እ஺ࡢᣮᡓ࠘㸦᪥ᮏホㄽ♫ࠊ

1990ᖺ㸧ࡀヲࡋ࠸ࠋ

55 ྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢෆᐜࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡶࡢࡀࠊ㛗Ὢ୍ࢽ࣭ᆏᮏ⩏࿴⦅ࠗ⮬἞యࡢᅜ㝿஺ὶ࠘㸦Ꮫ㝧

᭩ᡣࠊ1983ᖺ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟ඛ❧ࡕࠊ1981ᖺ࡟ᶓ὾ᕷ࡛㛤ദࡉࢀࡓࠕ᪥

ᮏࡢᅜ㝿໬࡜ᶓ὾ࡢᙺ๭ࠖ࡜㢟ࡋࡓࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡶࡢࡀࠊᶓ὾ᕷᾏእ஺ὶ༠఍⦅ࠊ ๓ᥖ᭩ࠊ1982ᖺ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

56 ᯇୗᆂ୍⦅ⴭࠗ⮬἞యࡢᅜ㝿ᨻ⟇࠘㸦Ꮫ㝧᭩ᡣࠊ1988ᖺ㸧ࠋᖹ࿴ᨻ⟇࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊྜྷ⏣ၿ᫂ࠗᆅ ᇦ࠿ࡽࡢᖹ࿴࡜⮬἞࠘㸦᪥ᮏホㄽ♫ࠊ1985ᖺ㸧ࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ

57 ఀ⸨ၿᕷ࣭Ỉ㇂୕බ࣭Ώᡞ୍㑻⦅ⴭ㸦ᆅ᪉⮬἞༠఍┘ಟ㸧ࠗ⮬἞యࡢᅜ㝿໬ᨻ⟇࡜ᆅᇦάᛶ໬࠘

㸦Ꮫ㝧᭩ᡣࠊ1988ᖺ㸧ࠊᒾ⏣຾㞝ࠗ᪂ᆅᇦᅜ㝿໬ㄽ̿̿⮬἞య࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅜ㝿໬ᨻ⟇࡬ࡢᣦ㔪࠘

㸦ἲᚊᩥ໬♫ࠊ1994ᖺ㸧ࠊ᪥ᮏ㒔ᕷࢭࣥࢱ࣮⦅ࠗ㒔ᕷእ஺̿̿⮬἞యࡢᅜ㝿஺ὶᡓ␎࠘㸦ࡂࡻ࠺

ࡏ࠸ࠊ1995ᖺ㸧ࠋ

58 ⚄ዉᕝ┴⦅㸦▼⏣㞝࣭ᑠᒣඵ㑻࣭ᫍ㔝ᫀᏊ࣭㛗Ὢ୍஧┘ಟ㸧ࠗ⮬἞యࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ᅜ㝿ᨻ⟇࠘㸦ࡂࡻ

࠺ࡏ࠸ࠊ1991ᖺ㸧ࠋ

59 ⮬἞యᅜ㝿༠ຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⮻஭ஂ࿴࣭㧗℩ᖿ㞝⦅ࠗẸ㝿እ஺ࡢ◊✲࠘㸦୕ᕊ᭩ᡣࠊ1997ᖺ㸧ࠊ ᅜ㝿༠ຊ஦ᴗᅋ࣭ᅜ㝿༠ຊ⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ⦅ࠗᆅ᪉⮬἞యࡢᅜ㝿༠ຊ஦ᴗ࡬ࡢཧຍ࣭➨2ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬ ሗ࿌᭩࠘㸦2000ᖺ㸧ࠊCDI-JAPAN࣭࣐࢖ࢣࣝࢩ࣮࣐ࣗࣥ㸦ඣ⋢ඞဢヂࠊỤᶫᓫ࣭ᐩ㔝ᬦ୍㑻┘

ಟ㸧ࠗ⮬἞యᅜ㝿༠ຊࡢ᫬௦࠘㸦኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ฟ∧ࠊ2001ᖺ㸧ࠊྜྷ⏣ᆒࠗᆅ᪉⮬἞యࡢᅜ㝿༠ຊ̿̿

ᆅᇦఫẸཧຍᆺࡢODAࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠘㸦᪥ᮏホㄽ♫ࠊ2001ᖺ㸧ࠊከ㈡⚽ᩄࠕ⮬἞యࡢᅜ㝿༠ຊࠖ

㸦ᯇୗᆂ୍࣭すᑿ຾࣭᪂⸨᐀ᖾ⦅ࠗᒾἼㅮᗙ ⮬἞యࡢᵓ᝿3 ᨻ⟇࠘ᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊ2002ᖺ㸧216-224 㡫࡞࡝ࡀࡲ࡜ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

60 ᆅ᪉ࡢᅜ㝿໬ࢆࠊࠕ୰ᚰࠖࡢᅜ㝿໬࡜ࠕ㎶ቃࠖࡢᅜ㝿໬ࡢ஧ࡘࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࡟ศࡅ࡚ㄽࡌࡓࡶࡢ

࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㕥ᮌభྖ⦅ࠗ࢔ࢪ࢔࣭ኴᖹὒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᆅ᪉ࡢᅜ㝿໬࠘㸦ἲᨻ኱Ꮫฟ∧ᒁࠊ2000ᖺ㸧ࠋ

61 ከ㈡⦅ࠊ๓ᥖ᭩ࠊ1992ᖺࠊ⩚㈅ṇ⨾࣭኱ὠᾈ⦅ࠗ⮬἞యእ஺ࡢᣮᡓ̿̿ᆅᇦࡢ⮬❧࠿ࡽᅜ㝿

஺ὶᅪࡢᙧᡂ࡬࠘㸦᭷ಙᇽࠊ1994ᖺ㸧ࠊGlenn D. Hook, “Japan and Micro-regionalism:

Constructing the Japan Sea Rim Zone” in Yoshinobu Yamamoto (ed.), Globalism, Regionalism and Nationalism: Asia in Search of its Role in the 21^st Century, Blackwell

Publishers, 1999, pp. 126-141ࠊ㕥ᮌ⦅ࠊྠୖ᭩ࠊ2000ᖺࠊ⎔᪥ᮏᾏᅜ㝿Ꮫ⾡஺ὶ༠఍⦅ࠗ⎔

᪥ᮏᾏᆅᇦࡢ༠ຊ࣭ඹᏑ࣭ᣢ⥆ⓗⓎᒎ࠘㸦ᶫᮏ☜ᩥᇽࠊ2012ᖺ㸧࡞࡝ࠋࡇࡢ࡯࠿ࠊྛᆅᇦࡢᐇ

㊶࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᩘከࡃࡢ஦౛ሗ࿌࣭◊✲ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪂₲ᕷࡢᐇ㊶ࢆ⤂௓ࡋࡓࠊᕷᒸᨻኵࠗ⮬

἞యእ஺̿̿᪂₲ࡢᐇ㊶࣭཭ዲ࠿ࡽ༠ຊ࡬࠘㸦᪥ᮏ⤒῭ホㄽ♫ࠊ2000ᖺ㸧ࡣẚ㍑ⓗࡲ࡜ࡲࡗ࡚

࠾ࡾཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ∦ᒣၿ༤࣭㕀ᣢెⱑࠗᆅᇦ㛫஺ὶࡀእ஺ࢆኚ࠼ࡿ̿̿㫽ྲྀ࣭ᮅ㩭༙ᓥ ࡢ㺀࠶ࡿヨࡳ㺁࠘㸦ගᩥ♫᪂᭩ࠊ2003ᖺ㸧ࡶᣲࡆ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ

62 ΎỈ᫛඾࣭༑ட᫛㞝࣭ⶈụ✨࣭ᒣᮏబ㛛ࠗᆅᇦ࠿ࡽࡢᨻ἞Ꮫ࠘㸦❆♫ࠊ1991ᖺ㸧ࠊᮐᖠᕷᩍ⫱

ጤဨ఍⦅ࠗጜጒ㒔ᕷ࠘㸦໭ᾏ㐨᪂⪺♫ࠊ1998ᖺ㸧ࠋ

63 ᓥ⿄㑥࣭ẚ჆Ⰻ඘⦅ࠗᆅᇦ࠿ࡽࡢᅜ㝿஺ὶ̿̿࢔ࢪ࢔ኴᖹὒ᫬௦࡜Ἀ⦖࠘㸦◊ᩥฟ∧ࠊ1986ᖺ㸧ࠋ

64 ᆏཱྀග୍࣭୸ᒇ㇏஧㑻⦅ࠗᅜ㝿஺ὶᅪࡢ᫬௦̿̿஑ᕞ࢔ࢪ࢔໬ᡓ␎࠘㸦኱᫂ᇽࠊ1996ᖺ㸧ࠊ▼

஭ᤩ἞࣭ᖹ஭୍⮧⦅ࠗᆅᇦ࠿ࡽၥ࠺ᅜᐙ࣭♫఍࣭ୡ⏺̿̿ࠕ஑ᕞ࣭Ἀ⦖ࠖ࠿ࡽఱࡀぢ࠼ࡿ࠿࠘

㸦ࢼ࢝ࢽࢩࣖฟ∧ࠊ2000ᖺ㸧ࠋ

65 ⸭㔝♸୕࣮࣭ࠗࣟ࢝ࣝ࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢸ࢕ࣈ̿̿ᅜቃࢆ㉸࠼ࡿヨࡳ࠘㸦୰බ᪂᭩ࠊ୰ኸබㄽ♫ࠊ1995 ᖺ㸧ࠊྠࠗඛ㐍♫఍ࡢᅜ㝿⎔ቃࠝϨ࣮࣭ࠞ̿̿ࣟ࢝ࣝ࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢸ࢕ࣈࡢ๰㐀࠘㸦ἲᚊᩥ໬♫ࠊ1995 ᖺ㸧ࠊྠࠕ࣮࣭ࣟ࢝ࣝ࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡜ᖹ࿴୺⩏ࡢᯫᶫࠖ㸦᪥ᮏᖹ࿴Ꮫ఍⦅ࠗୡ⏺ᨻᗓࡢᒎᮃ࠘

᪩✄⏣኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊ2003ᖺ㸧109-126㡫ࠋ

66 ྠ≉㞟ྕ࡛ࡣࠊ⦅⪅ࡢ኱Ⱚுࡀࠊᅜ㝿⾜Ⅽయࢆࠕ⮬❧ⓗ࡟⮬ᕫࡢ┠ᶆ࣭฼┈ࢆỴᐃࡋࠊࡑࡢ┠

ᶆ࣭฼┈ࡢᐇ⌧ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ே࣭㈨※ࢆືဨࡍࡿ⬟ຊࢆᣢࡕࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࡑࡢ⾜ືࡀᅜ㝿㛵ಀ࠶ࡿ

࠸ࡣ௚ࡢ⾜Ⅽ୺యࡢ⾜ື࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍᏑᅾࠖ࡜ࡋࠊ⮬❧ᛶࠊືဨຊࠊᅜ㝿ᛶࡢ୕ࡘࡢせ⣲࠿

- 72 -

ࡽᤊ࠼ࡿᐃ⩏ࢆᥦฟࡋࡓࠋ኱Ⱚுࠕᅜ㝿㛵ಀ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⾜Ⅽ୺యࡢ෌᳨ウࠖ㸦᪥ᮏᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ఍

⦅ࠗᅜ㝿ᨻ἞࠘➨119ྕࠊ1998ᖺ㸧1-10㡫ࠋලయⓗ࡞஦౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ࣋ࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ஦౛࡟㐃㑥 ไࢆᅜ㝿⾜Ⅽయࡢከᵝ໬࡜࠸࠺どⅬ࠿ࡽᤊ࠼┤ࡑ࠺࡜ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡸࠊ࢝ࢼࢲ࣭ࣈࣜࢸ࢕ࢵࢩ

࣭ࣗࢥࣟࣥࣅ࢔ᕞࢆ஦౛࡟APECᨻ⟇ࢆࡵࡄࡿᕞ࣭୰ኸᨻᗓ࡜ࡢ➇ྜ࣭ᑐ❧ࢆศᯒࡋࡓ◊✲

࡞࡝ࡀྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀࡓࠋṇయᮅ㤶ࠕ㐃㑥ไ࡜⾜Ⅽ୺యࡢከᵝ໬--EU⤫ྜ࡜࣋ࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ㐃㑥໬ᨵ 㠉ࢆ஦౛࡟ࠖ㸦᪥ᮏᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ఍⦅ࠊྠୖ㸧11-25㡫ࠊᮎෆၨᏊࠕࣈࣜࢸ࢕ࢵࢩ࣭ࣗࢥࣟࣥࣅ࢔

ᕞ࡜࢔ࢪ࢔࣭ኴᖹὒ㛵ಀ̿̿࢔ࢪ࢔ኴᖹὒ⤒῭༠ຊ఍㆟ࡢࣂࣥࢡ࣮ࣂ࣮఍㆟࡜࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ⤒῭

༴ᶵࠖ㸦᪥ᮏᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ఍⦅ࠊྠୖ㸧26-39㡫ࠋ

67 ᒣୗỌᏊࠗᆅ᪉ࡢᅜ㝿ᨻ⟇̿̿㐃ᦠ࣭ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᡓ␎ࡢᒎ㛤࠘㸦ᡂᩥᇽࠊ2008ᖺ㸧ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ ண㜵እ஺ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ⮬἞యࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ⪃ᐹࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡟ࠊ㤳⸨ಙᙪ⦅ⴭࠗ෭ᡓᚋୡ⏺࡜⮬἞

యࡢᙺ๭̿̿ண㜵እ஺࡟࠾ࡅࡿᕷẸ࣭⮬἞య㛫ᅜ㝿ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢᵓ⠏࠘㸦㈈ᅋἲே࠿࡞ࡀࢃ

Ꮫ⾡◊✲஺ὶ㈈ᅋࠊ1996ᖺ㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

68 ᒾୗ᫂⿱ࠕᅜ㝿㛵ಀ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣜࢬ࣒̿̿ᅜቃᆅᇦ࡟ࡼࡿ᪂ࠗእ஺࠘ࡢ⫾ືࠖ㸦㧗⏣࿴ኵ

⦅ࠗ᪂᫬௦ࡢᅜ㝿㛵ಀㄽ࠘ἲᚊᩥ໬♫ࠊ2007ᖺ㸧208-239㡫ࠋ

69 ᒾ⏣຾㞝ࠗ᪂ᆅᇦᅜ㝿໬ㄽ̿⮬἞య࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅜ㝿໬ᨻ⟇࡬ࡢᣦ㔪࠘㸦ἲᚊᩥ໬♫ࠊ1994ᖺ㸧42 㡫ࠋ

70 ụ⏣ె㝯ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂ࣭ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ୕ᒙᵓ㐀ㄽࡢᢈุⓗ᳨ウ̿̿஧ᒙᵓ㐀ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࠖ㸦᪥ᮏᅜ 㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ఍⦅ࠗᅜ㝿ᨻ἞㸦ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂ࣭ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢኚᐜ㸧࠘➨111ྕࠊ1996ᖺ㸧119-120㡫ࠋ

71 ୰㐐ၨ♧ࠗᆅᇦ♫఍࡜ᅜ㝿໬̿̿ࡑࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ࡜⌧ᐇ࠘㸦୰ᅜ᪂⪺♫ࠊ1998ᖺ㸧299㡫ࠋ

72 Gilbert Rozman, “Backdoor Japan : The Search for a Way out via Regionalism and Decentralization” The Journal of Japanese Studies, Vol.25 No.1, 1999, pp. 3-31.

73 ౛࠼ࡤࠊ㎷Ύ᫂ࠗ᪥ᮏࡢᆅ᪉⮬἞࠘㸦ᒾἼ᪂᭩ࠊᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊ1976ᖺ㸧186-205㡫ࢆཧ↷ࡉࢀࡓ

࠸ࠋ

74 ኳᕝ᫭ࠕኚ㠉ࡢᵓ᝿̿̿㐨ᕞไㄽࡢᩥ⬦ࠖ㸦኱᳃ᙗ࣭బ⸨ㄔ୕㑻⦅ࠗ᪥ᮏࡢᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ࠘ᮾி኱

Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊ1986ᖺ㸧111-137㡫ࠋ

75 ᮧᯇᒱኵࠗᆅ᪉⮬἞࠘㸦ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊ1988ᖺ㸧ࠋ

76 Steaven R. Reed, Japanese Prefectures and policymaking, Pittsburgh University Press.

㸦᳃⏣ᮁ௚ヂࠗ᪥ᮏࡢᨻᗓ㛫㛵ಀ̿̿㒔㐨ᗓ┴ࡢᨻ⟇Ỵᐃ࠘ᮌ㚫♫ࠊ1990ᖺ㸧ࠋ࣮ࣜࢻ࡟ࡼࡿ

᳨ド⤖ᯝ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊࡼࡾㄝ᫂ຊࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡀࠊ㑅ᣲᨻ἞௬ㄝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋఫẸࡢᨻ⟇ࢽ࣮ࢬ࡟ᑐ ࡋ࡚୰ኸᐁ൉ࡣᑐᛂࡍࡿ⾡ࢆᣢࡓࡎࠊᐇ㝿࡟ᑐ⟇ࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋࡓࡢࡣḟᮇ㑅ᣲࢆᢪ࠼ࡿ▱஦ࡸᕷ 㛗࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢᑐ⟇ࢆᑐ❧ᨻඪࡢ▱஦ࡸᕷ㛗ࡶྲྀࡾධࢀࡓ࡜࠸࠺௬ㄝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

77 ఀ⸨ಟ୍㑻ࠗ⮬἞యᨻ⟇㐣⛬ࡢືែ̿̿ᨻ⟇࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡜Ἴཬ࠘㸦៞᠕⩏ሿ኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊ 2002ᖺ㸧ࠋ

78 Jain, op. cit., p.65. 㸦௒ᮧ┘ヂࠊ118㡫㸧ࠋ

79 Michael Shuman, Towards a Global Village; International Community Development Initiatives, London; Pluto Press, 1994, pp.65-67. 㸦ඣ⋢ヂࠊỤᶫ࣭ᐩ㔝┘ಟࠊ๓ᥖ᭩ࠊ205-207 㡫㸧ࠋ

80 㭯ぢࠊ๓ᥖ᭩㸦1996ᖺ㸧ࠊ29㡫ࠋ

81 ྠୖ᭩ࠊ13-14㡫ࠋ

82 ྂ඾ⓗࣜ࢔ࣜࢫࢺ࡛ᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫࢆయ⣔໬ࡋࡓ࣮ࣔࢤࣥࢯ࣮㸦H. J. Morgenthau㸧ࡣࠊᅜ㝿ᨻ἞

ࢆᅜᐙ㛫ࡢᶒຊ㜚த࡜ࡋ࡚ᥥࡁࠊࠕຊ㸦power㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡓ฼┈㸦interest㸧ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚

ࡢᅜ┈ほࢆᥦ㉳ࡋࡓࠋ1980ᖺ௦࡟⡿ᅜ࡛ᨭ㓄ⓗ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ࢛࢘ࣝࢶ㸦K. Walt㸧࡟௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿࢿ

࣭࢜ࣜ࢔ࣜࢫࢺࡓࡕࡣࠊᅜ㝿ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ࢔ࢼ࣮࣮࢟࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࠊᅜᐙࡢྜ⌮ⓗ⾜ືほ࠿ࡽໃ ຊᆒ⾮࡞࡝ࡢᴫᛕࢆᑟฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫࢆ⢭⦓໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋࠊࢥ࣊࢖ࣥ

㸦R. O. Kohaen㸧࡟௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿࢿ࣭࢜ࣜ࣋ࣛࣜࢫࢺࡣࠊ௚ᅜ࡜ࡢ┦ᑐⓗ฼ᚓࢆ㔜どࡋࡓࢿ࣭࢜

ࣜ࢔ࣜࢫࢺࢆᢈุࡋࠊ⤯ᑐⓗ฼ᚓࢆ㔜どࡍࡿ❧ሙࢆ࡜ࡗࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ୧⪅ࡢ㆟ㄽࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶࠊ ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣᅜ㝿ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᨭ㓄ⓗ࢔ࢡࢱ࣮ࢆᅜᐙ࡜ࡋࠊࡑࡢ⾜ືཎ⌮ࢆྜ⌮ᛶ࠿ࡽᤊ࠼࡚࠸

- 73 -

ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᕪ␗ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ1990ᖺ௦࡟ධࡿ࡜ࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᅜᐙࡢྜ⌮ⓗ⾜ືほࢆᡤ୚࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ

࠼ࡿぢ᪉࡟ᑐࡋࠊ࢙࢘ࣥࢺ㸦A. Wendt㸧࡟௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿࢥࣥࢫࢺࣛࢡࢸ࢕ࣅࢫࢺࡀ␗㆟ࢆᥦฟࡋ

࡚࠸ࡃࠋᙼࡽࡣᅜ┈ࢆつᐃࡍࡿྜ⌮ᛶࡢ୰㌟ࡑࡢࡶࡢࢆኚ໬ࡋᚓࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋࠊࡑࡢኚ໬ࢆ࢔

࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࡜࠸࠺ศᯒᴫᛕ࠿ࡽືែⓗ࡟ᤊ࠼ࡼ࠺࡜ヨࡳࡓࠋຊ࣭฼┈࡜࠸ࡗࡓ≀㉁ⓗ࡞

せ⣲࠿ࡽࠊつ⠊࣭࢔࢖ࢹ࢕࢔࣭࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࡜࠸࠺୺ほⓗ࣭ほᛕⓗ࡞せ⣲࡬࡜ศᯒࡢど

Ⅼࢆ⛣ࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫࡢ෌ᵓ⠏ࢆ௻ᅗࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡔࡀࠊࢥࣥࢫࢺࣛࢡࢸ࢕ࣅࢫࢺ ࡢከࡃࡶࡲࡓࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣ࢔ࢼ࣮࣮࢟ࡢᏑᅾࡸᅜᐙ୰ᚰⓗ࡞௬ᐃࢆඹ᭷ࡋࡓ⌮ㄽᒎ㛤ࢆࡋ࡚

࠸ࡓࠋᆅ᪉ᨻᗓࡢᅜ㝿⾜ືࢆࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓḢ⡿ฟ⮬ࡢᅜᐙ୰ᚰ௬ㄝ࡟❧⬮ࡋࡓᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ࡟༶

ࡋ࡚ศᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟↓⌮ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ᫂ⓑ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

83 㤿ሙࠊ๓ᥖ᭩㸦1980ᖺ㸧ࠊ15㡫ࠋ

84 ౛࠼ࡤࠊᲚ⏣⪃㐨ࡣࠊEUࢆ஦౛࡟ࠕᆅᇦ࣭ᅜᐙ࣭EUࠖ࡬࡜࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡀ」ྜ໬ࡋ࡚

࠸ࡃືែࢆࠊࠕ୕✵㛫ඹᏑࣔࢹࣝࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᯒฟࡋࡓࠋ஧ࡘ௨ୖࡢ✵㛫࡬ᖐᒓࡍࡿ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕

ࢸ࢕ࢆࠊࠕࣇࣞࢡࢩࣈ࣭ࣝ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࠖ࡜࿧ࡪࠋᲚ⏣㝯㐨ࠗ⤫ྜ࡜ศ⿣ࡢ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ̿

̿EC࣭ᅜᐙ࣭Ẹ᪘࠘㸦ᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊ1993ᖺ㸧ࠋ

85 ከ㈡⦅ࠊ๓ᥖ᭩㸦1999ᖺ㸧ࠊ395-427㡫ࠋ

86 ྠୖࠊ412㡫ࠋ

87 ኱ᗞ୕ᯞࠕᅜ㝿㛵ಀㄽ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࠖ㸦᪥ᮏᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ఍⦅ࠗᅜ㝿ᨻ἞㸸ᅜ㝿ᨻ

἞⌮ㄽࡢ෌ᵓ⠏࠘➨124ྕࠊ2000ᖺ㸧141-146㡫ࠊྠࠗ࢔ࢪ࢔ኴᖹὒᆅᇦᙧᡂࡢ㐨⛬̿̿ቃ

⏺ᅜᐙ᪥㇦ࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ᶍ⣴࡜ᆅᇦ୺⩏࠘㸦࣑ࢿࣦࣝ࢓᭩ᡣࠊ2004ᖺ8᭶㸧27-32㡫ࠋ

኱ᗞࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕◊✲ࡀࠊ⮬ᕫつᐃࡸᖐᒓព㆑ࡀࠕ௚⪅ࠖ࠿ࡽ࡝࠺ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ

࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺⮬ᕫ࡜௚⪅࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢㄆ㆑ࡢࠕࡎࢀࠖࢆぢⴠ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆၥ㢟どࡋࡓࠋࡑ ࡋ࡚ࠊࢲࣈ࣭ࣝࢥࣥࢸ࢕ࣥࢪ࢙ࣥࢩ࣮㸦஧㔜ࡢ୙☜ᐇᛶ㸧ࡢၥ㢟ࢆඞ᭹ࡋࡓ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮㛫࡛ᡂ❧

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㛫୺ほⓗ࡞Ꮡᅾࢆࠕ⮬ᕫໟᦤⓗᆅᇦࠖ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

88 ከ㈡ࠊ๓ᥖ᭩㸦1999ᖺ㸧ࠊ409㡫ࠋ

89 ౛࠼ࡤࠊᅜᐙ࡟ྥࡅࡽࢀࡿ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࡟ࡣ᝟㸦emotional identity㸧ࡀ୰ᚰ࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀ

ࡿࡀࠊᅜᐙࡢᑐእ⾜ື࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ᝟ࡢ࡯࠿ࠊ฼㸦functional identity㸧ࡶྠ᫬࡟⾲ฟࡍࡿࠋࡲ

ࡓࠊ฼࡟㔜Ⅼࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚㞟ᅋᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿከᅜ⡠௻ᴗ࡞࡝ࡶࠊ⾜ືཎ⌮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ᝟࣭฼࣭⌮

ࡢྛ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋᅜ㝿NGOࡶࡲࡓࠊືဨຊࡣ⌮㸦issue-oriented identity㸧࡛࠶ࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊ⾜Ⅽ࡟࠾࠸࡚⾲ฟࡍࡿ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡣࠊ⌮ࡢ࡯࠿ࠊ฼ࡢ࢔࢖ࢹ

ࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡶㄆࡵࡽࢀࡼ࠺ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡣከඖⓗ㸦࣐ࣝࢸ࢕ࣉࣝ㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ᒁ㠃ࠊᒁ㠃࡛␗࡞ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࠋ

90 ከ㈡ࠊ๓ᥖ᭩㸦1999ᖺ㸧ࠊ410㡫ࠋ

91 ⾜Ⅽࡢᚿྥᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ♫఍Ꮫࡢศ㔝࡛◊✲ࡢ⵳✚ࡣ㇏ᐩ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ♫఍ⓗ⾜Ⅽㄽࡢ୍ࡘࡢ඾

ᆺࢆ࡞ࡍ࢙࣮࢘ࣂ࣮㸦M. Weber㸧ࡣࠊ┠ⓗྜ⌮ⓗ⾜Ⅽࠊ౯್ྜ⌮ⓗ⾜Ⅽࠊឤ᝟ⓗ⾜Ⅽࠊఏ⤫ⓗ

⾜Ⅽ࡜࠸࠺ᅄࡘࡢ㢮ᆺࡢ⌮ᛕᆺࢆᥦ♧ࡋࡓࠋ࣐ࢵࢡࢫ࣭ࣦ࢙࣮ࣂ̿㸦ΎỈᗄኴ㑻ヂ㸧ࠗ♫఍Ꮫ ࡢᇶᮏᴫᛕ࠘㸦ᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊ1972ᖺ㸧39㡫ࠋ

92 ࠕᅜ┈ࠖᴫᛕࡢከ⩏ᛶ࡜࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ᅜ㝿⌮ㄽ࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄽதࡢ⤒⦋࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ኱␊ⱥᶞࠕࢼࢩࣙ

ࢼ࣭ࣝ࢖ࣥࢱࣞࢫࢺ㸦ᅜ┈㸧ࠖ㸦ᕝ⏣౔࣭኱␊ⱥᶞ⦅ࠗᅜ㝿ᨻ἞⤒῭㎡඾࠘ᨵゞ∧ࠊᮾி᭩⡠ࠊ 2003ᖺ㸧563-564㡫ࢆཧ↷ࠋ

93 ከ㈡ࠊ๓ᥖ᭩㸦1999ᖺ㸧ࠊ409㡫ࠋ

94 ྠୖࠋ

95 ᯿ᮏⱥ㞝ࡀࠊⱥᅜ࢔ࣂࢹ࢕࣮ࣥᕞᨻᗓࢆ஦౛࡟ࠊᅜ㝿⾜Ⅽయ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᆅ᪉ᨻᗓࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕

ࢸ࢕ࢆࠊ୓⳹㙾ࡢࡼ࠺࡟้ࠎ࡜⛣ࡾኚࢃࡾࡺࡃࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ᥥ࠸࡚ぢࡏࡓࡢࡣ㈗㔜࡞஦౛◊✲ࡢ

୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᯿ᮏࡣࠊ࢔ࣂࢹ࢕࣮ࣥᕞࡀEUඹ㏻⁺ᴗᨻ⟇ࡸᆅᇦᨻ⟇㈨㔠ࢆά⏝ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᆅ ᪉ᨻᗓࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ⤌⧊࡛࠶ࡿ໭ᾏᆅᇦጤဨ఍ࢆࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㉺ቃ༠ຊࢆ㐍ᒎ ࡉࡏࡿࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆศᯒࡋࡓࠋ᯿ᮏⱥ㞝ࠗᅜ㝿ⓗ⾜Ⅽయ࡜࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡢኚᐜ̿̿Ḣᕞἢᓊ

㎶ቃᆅᇦ఍㆟࡜ඹ㏻⁺ᴗᨻ⟇ࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚࠘㸦ᡂᩥᇽࠊ2000ᖺ㸧ࠋ

- 74 -

96 ᆅ᪉ᨻᗓࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ௨ୗࢆཧ↷ࠋụᑿ㟹ᚿࠗ⮬἞యࡢᖹ࿴ຊ࠘㸦ᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊ2012 ᖺ㸧ࠊ஬༑ᔒᬡ㑻࣭బࠎᮌᐶ࣭⚟ᒣΎⶶ⦅ࠗᆅ᪉⮬἞యࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀࠘㸦᫂▼᭩ᗑࠊ2010ᖺ㸧ࠊụ ᑿ㟹ᚿ࣭஭ཎ຾௓࣭ఀἼὒ୍⦅ࠗᆅᇦ࠿ࡽᖹ࿴ࢆࡁࡎࡃ̿̿࢜࢟ࢼ࣭࣡࢖࣡ࢡࢽ࠿ࡽࡳࡓ᪥ᮏ࠘

㸦᫭ὒ᭩ᡣࠊ2010ᖺ㸧ࠊࠕ࠸ࡢࡃࡽࠖᇶᆅၥ㢟◊✲఍⦅ࠗ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ㠀༠ຊᐉゝ̿̿࿘㎶஦ែἲ࡜

⮬἞యࡢᖹ࿴ຊ࠘㸦᫂▼᭩ᗑࠊ2001ᖺ㸧ࠊᯘⱱኵࠗᡓத୙ཧຍᐉゝ࠘㸦᪥ᮏホㄽ♫ࠊ1989ᖺ㸧ࠊ Gordon C. Bennet, The New Abolitionists: The Story of Nuclear Free Zones, Elgin, Ill.:

Brethren Press, 1987,㸦す⏣຾ヂࠗ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝㠀᰾⮬἞య≀ㄒ࠘⟃ᦶ᭩ᡣࠊ1993ᖺ㸧ࠊ᳃⏣ಇ⏨

⦅ࠗ㠀᰾⮬἞య̿̿ᢠ㆟࣭Ꮫ⩦࣭㐃ᖏ࠘㸦ᖹ࿴ᩥ໬ࠊ1987ᖺ㸧ࠊྜྷ⏣ࠊ๓ᥖ᭩㸦1985ᖺ㸧ࠊす⏣

຾⦅ࠗ㠀᰾ㆤ᠇㒔ᕷᐉゝ㐠ືࡢࡍࡍࡵ࠘㸦࢜ࣜࢪࣥࠊ1984ᖺቑ⿵ᨵゞ∧㸧࡞࡝ࠋ

97 ከ㈡ࠊ๓ᥖ᭩㸦1999ᖺ㸧ࠊ413㡫ࠋ

98 ᗎㄽ࡛♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ᳃ᕝ⿱஧ࡢゎ㔘ࢆ᥼⏝ࡍࢀࡤࠊᆅ᪉aࡀࡲࡎࡣb࡜cࢆ⫯ᐃࡋ⏕ά㡿ᇦ ࡢᣑ኱ࢆㄆࡵࠊࡑࢀࡀ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟aࡢᏑᅾࢆㄆࡵࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺᫬㛫ⓗ㡰ᗎࢆ፹௓࡜ࡋࡓ⛛ᗎ㛵ಀ࡛

࠶ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ㛵ಀࢆࡶࡘࡶࡢྠኈࡢᨭ᥼࣭༠ຊࡢ୰࡛ၥ㢟ព㆑ࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ

࢕ࡀᇵࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡁࠊ⮬ᕫ฼┈ࡢ㏣ồࢆ㉸࠼ࡓ㐃ྜయࡀᆅ⌮ⓗ⠊ᅖ࡜࠿࠿ࢃࡾ࡞ࡃỴᐃࡉࢀ࡚

࠸ࡃࠋ᳃ᕝ⿱஧ࠗᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦᙧᡂࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ᨻ἞ຊᏛ࣮̿̿ࣜࢪࣙࢼࣜࢬ࣒ࡢ✵㛫ㄽⓗศᯒ࠘

㸦ᅜ㝿᭩㝔ࠊ2012ᖺ㸧114-115㡫ࢆཧ↷ࠋ

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➨㸰❶

ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ㛫㛵ಀࡢከඖ໬

ᗎ

ᮏ❶࡛ࡣࠊ෭ᡓ⤊↉ᚋࡢᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ㛫㛵ಀࡢ඲యീࢆᴫほࡋࠊᆅ᪉ᨻᗓྠኈࡢᅜ ቃࢆ㉺࠼ࡓᆅᇦⓗ㛵ಀࡢグ㏙ศᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࠋಶูࡢᆅ᪉ᨻᗓࡢ⾜Ⅽᚿྥᛶࡸᨻ⟇㐣⛬࡞࡝࡟ࡣ

㋃ࡳ㎸ࡲࡎࠊᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ㛫㛵ಀࡢᇶᮏⓗᵓᅗࢆᢳฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊNEARࡢ఩⨨௜ࡅ࡜≉ᚩ

ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨1❶࡛♧ࡋࡓᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔࣭ࢧࣈ࣮ࣜࢪࣙࣥࡢ㉺ቃ࢞ࣂࢼࣥ

ࢫ࣭ࣔࢹࣝ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡛ࡣ㸦ᅗ1-1ཧ↷㸧ࠊ㸦Ϩ㸧ᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ㛫㛵ಀ㸦L-L㸧࡟↔Ⅼࢆ⤠ࡾ㎸ࢇࡔ

⪃ᐹ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊࡲࡎ➨1⠇࡛ࠊ෭ᡓᚋᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ㸦ϫ㸧ᅜᐙ㛫㛵ಀ㸦N-N㸧ࡢኚືࢆᴫほ ࡋࡓୖ࡛ࠊ➨ 2 ⠇࡟࠾࠸࡚᪥୰㡑୕ࣨᅜࡢጜጒ㸦཭ዲ㸧㒔ᕷ஺ὶࡢഴྥ࡜≉ᚩࢆศᯒࡍࡿࠋ

➨3⠇࡛ࡣࠊጜጒ஺ὶࡢⓎᒎᆺ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࢺࣛ࢖ࣛࢸࣛࣝ࡞࠸ࡋࡣ࣐ࣝࢳࣛࢸࣛࣝ࡞ᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ 㛫㐃ᦠᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟➨4⠇࡛ࡣࠊNEARࢆ⣲ᮦ࡟ࠊຍ┕ᆅ᪉ᨻᗓྠኈࡢ┦஫㛵 ಀ࣭ᇶᮏⓗᵓᅗ࡞࡝ࢆᯒฟࡍࡿࠋ௨ୖࡼࡾࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ㛫㛵ಀࡢࢺࣛࣥࢫࢼࢩࣙࢼ

ࣝ࡞ᇶᮏ≉ᛶࢆᢳฟࡋ࡚ࡳࡓ࠸ࠋ

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➨㸯⠇ ᅜᐙ㛫㛵ಀࡢኚື

ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ㛫㛵ಀ㸦L-LࠊL-NEAR㸧ࡢศᯒ࡟ධࡿ๓࡟ࠊࡲࡎࠊ㸦ϫ㸧ᅜᐙ㛫㛵 ಀ㸦N-N㸧ࢆᴫほࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ෭ᡓᚋࡢᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ᅜᐙ㛫㛵ಀࡣࠊᨻ἞࣭Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀ศ㔝࡛ࡢከ ᅜ㛫༠ຊࡢࠕไᗘ໬ࠖࡀ㐜ࢀ¹ࠊ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ᑐ❧࡜ศ⿣ࡢ㛵ಀࡀ῝ࡃᇙࡵ㎸ࡲࢀࡓࡲࡲኚືࡋ࡚

ࡁࡓࠋ௨ୗ࡛ࡣࠊ1980ᖺ௦ᮎ࠿ࡽ90ᖺ௦๓༙ࢆࠕ⬺෭ᡓᮇࠖࠊ90ᖺ௦ᚋ༙࠿ࡽ2000ᖺ௦ ๓༙ࢆࠕᡓ␎ⓗᏳᐃ࡜ᑐ❧࣭⥭ᙇᮇࠖࠊ2000ᖺ௦ᚋ༙௨㝆ࢆࠕ⦆ࡸ࠿࡞ไᗘ໬࡜ศ⿣ᮇࠖ̿

̿ࡢ୕ࡘ࡟᫬ᮇ༊ศࡋࠊᆅᇦࡢᅜᐙ㛫㛵ಀࡢ኱ࡲ࠿࡞≉ᚩࢆᢳฟࡍࡿࠋ

㸯㸫㸯㸬⬺෭ᡓࣉࣟࢭࢫ

⡿ࢯࢆ㡬Ⅼ࡜ࡍࡿୡ⏺つᶍࡢ஧ᴟᑐ❧࡛࠶ࡗࡓ෭ᡓࡢ⤊↉ࣉࣟࢭࢫࡣࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ࠊ1989 ᖺ11᭶ࡢࢻ࢖ࢶ࣭࣋ࣝࣜࣥࡢቨࡢᔂቯ࠿ࡽ1991ᖺ12᭶ࡢࢯ㐃㑥ゎయࡲ࡛ࡢᮇ㛫࡟ᒎ㛤ࡋ ࡓ࡜ࡉࢀࡿ²ࠋࡔࡀࠊࠕ࢔ࢪ࢔෭ᡓࠖࡢ⤊↉ࣉࣟࢭࢫࡣࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓḢ⡿୰ᚰ࣭⡿ࢯᑐ❧୰ᚰࡢ ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ෭ᡓࠖࡢ⤊↉ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ㌶㐨ࢆᥥ࠸࡚ࡁࡓ³ࠋ௨ୗ࡛ࡣ୕ࡘࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽࠊ ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ⬺෭ᡓࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢ≉ᚩࢆᴫほࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ

㸦㸯㸧ࣉࣞ࢖࣮ࣖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ୰ᅜࡢᏑᅾ

ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔෭ᡓࡢ≉ᚩࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡣࠊᮾഃ࣭ࢯ㐃㝕Ⴀ࡟࠾࠸࡚ከඖ໬࣭ከᴟ໬ഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀ

ࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡜ࡾࢃࡅ1956 ᖺࡢࣇࣝࢩࢳࣙࣇ࡟ࡼࡿࢫࢱ࣮ࣜࣥᢈุࢆ㉳※࡜ࡍࡿࠕ୰ࢯ ᑐ❧ࠖࡣỴᐃⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ1969 ᖺ࡟ࡣᅜቃࡢࢲ࣐ࣥࢫ࣮࢟ᓥ㸦⌋ᐆᓥ㸧࡛ࡢ㌷஦⾪✺࡟ࡲ

࡛⮳ࡗࡓࠋᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ෭ᡓᵓ㐀ࡣ᪩࠸ẁ㝵࠿ࡽࠊ⡿୰ࢯࡢ୕ᴟᵓ㐀ࢆ⬇⫾ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ1972 ᖺࠊࢽࢡࢯ࣭ࣥࢩࣙࢵࢡ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⡿୰࿴ゎࡀ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ࡜ࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡣ᪂ࡓ࡞ᒎ㛤ࢆ㏄࠼ࠊ

ྠᖺ9᭶࡟᪥୰ᅜ஺ṇᖖ໬ࡀ㐩ᡂࠊ1979 ᖺ࡟ࡣ⡿୰㛫࡛ṇᘧ࡟ᅜ஺ࢆᶞ❧ࡋࡓࠋ୰ࢯࡢ㛫

࡛ࡣࡑࡢᚋࡶཝࡋ࠸ᑐ❧ࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ1982 ᖺࠊࣈࣞࢪࢿࣇࡀ୰ᅜ࡟㛵ಀᨵၿࢆ࿧ࡧ࠿

ࡅࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡼ࠺ࡸࡃ୰ࢯࡢᅜቃၥ㢟஺΅ࡀᐇ㉁ⓗ࡞㐍ᒎࢆぢࡏࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ᪂ᛮ⪃እ

- 77 -

஺ࢆᥖࡆࡿࢦࣝࣂࢳࣙࣇࡢⓏሙࢆཷࡅࠊࡘ࠸࡟1989ᖺ5᭶ࠊ୰ࢯ࿴ゎࡀ㐩ᡂࡋࡓࠋ1992ᖺ 12᭶࡟ࡣࣟࢩ࢔㸦ᪧࢯ㐃㸧ࡢ࢚ࣜࢶ࢕ࣥ኱⤫㡿ࡀゼ୰ࡋࠊ஫࠸ࢆ཭ዲᅜ࡜ㄆࡵࡿඹྠኌ᫂࡟

ㄪ༳ࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

㸦㸰㸧యไࢆ㉸࠼ࡓ⤒῭ⓗ┦஫㛵ಀࡢᒎ㛤

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⡿୰ࢯ୕ᴟᵓ㐀ࡢᙧᡂ࣭ኚື࡜୪⾜ࡋ࡚ࠊ୰ࢯ୧ᅜࡣࠊ࿘㎶ㅖᅜ࡬ࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࡞

᥋㏆ࢆᅗࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ⤒῭㛵ಀࢆ୰ᚰ࡟᪩࠸᫬ᮇ࠿ࡽࠕ⬺෭ᡓࠖࣉࣟࢭࢫࡀ㛤ጞࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜

ࡶࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔෭ᡓࡢ≉ᚩࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ⁴ࠋ⡿୰࿴ゎᚋࡢ୰ᅜࡣ1978ᖺ12᭶ࠊṔྐࡢ㌿

᥮࡜ࡶ⛠ࡉࢀࡿᨵ㠉㛤ᨺ㊰⥺ࢆᐉゝࡋࠊ1980 ᖺ࡟ࡣ⤒῭≉༊ࡢᣦᐃࠊᑐእ㛤ᨺࢆຍ㏿໬ࡉ ࡏࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊࢯ㐃࡛ࡶࢦࣝࣂࢳࣙࣇࡀⓏሙࡋࡓ1985ᖺ௨㝆ࠊᑐእ⤒῭ᨻ⟇ࡢ㌿᥮ࢆᅗࡿࠋ 1986ᖺ7᭶ࡢ࢘ࣛࢪ࢜ࢫࢺࢡᐉゝ࠾ࡼࡧ1988ᖺ9᭶ࡢࢡࣛࢫࣀࣖࣝࢫࢡᐉゝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⮬

ࡽࢆࠕ࢔ࢪ࢔ኴᖹὒᅜᐙࠖ࡜つᐃࡋࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔ኴᖹὒᆅᇦㅖᅜ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᨵၿࡢពྥࢆ♧ࡍࠋ⡿

ࢯ஧ᴟᑐ❧࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ෭ᡓࡀᔂቯࡍࡿ௨๓ࡢẁ㝵࠿ࡽࡍ࡛࡟ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ୰ࢯ୧ᅜࡢ ᑐእ⤒῭ᨻ⟇ࡢኚ໬ࡀぢࡽࢀࠊࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࡀᆅᇦㅖᅜ㛫࡛ࡢయไࢆ㉸࠼ࡓ⤒῭஺ὶࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋ

࡚࠸ࡓࠋᐇ㝿ࠊ80ᖺ௦ᮎ௨㝆ࡢ㡑ᅜ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆぢࢀࡤࠊࢯ㐃ࡢ1988ᖺࢯ࢘ࣝ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

࡬ࡢཧຍࠊ1990ᖺ6᭶ࡢ㡑ࢯ㛫࡛ࡢึࡢ㤳⬻఍ㄯࢆ⤒࡚ࠊྠᖺ9᭶࡟㡑ࢯࡢᅜ஺ᶞ❧ࡀ㐩 ᡂࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࡢ2ᖺᚋࡢ1992ᖺ8᭶࡟ࡣࠊ༡ᕠㅮ࿴࡟ࡼࡾᨵ㠉㛤ᨺࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ୰ᅜ࡜ࡢ 㛫࡛୰㡑ᅜ஺ࡀᶞ❧ࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

㸦㸱㸧⥅⥆ࡍࡿศ᩿≧ἣ

୍᪉࡛ࠊ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕᮅ㩭༙ᓥ෭ᡓࠖࡀ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡶࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ᅜ㝿㛵ಀࡢ୺せ

࡞≉ᚩࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ⁵ࠋᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ⬺෭ᡓࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢ㐍⾜࡜୪⾜ࡋ࡚ࠊᮅ㩭༙ᓥ࡛ࡶ༡໭

㛫ࡢඹᏑᯟ⤌ࡳࡀᡂ❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ1988 ᖺ࡟├Ὀហ㡑ᅜ኱⤫㡿㸦ᙜ᫬㸧ࡀࠕẸ᪘⮬ᑛ࡜⤫୍

⦾ᰤࡢࡓࡵࡢ≉ูᐉゝࠖ㸦࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠕ7.7 ᐉゝࠖ㸧ࢆⓎ⾲ࡋ༡໭஺ὶ෌㛤ࢆ࿧ࡧ࠿ࡅࡓࠋࡇࢀ

ࢆᶵ࡟໭ᮅ㩭ࡀ1991ᖺ9᭶ࠊ㡑ᅜ࡜ࡢᅜ㐃ྠ᫬ຍ┕࡟ᛂࡌࠊྠᖺ12᭶࡟ࡣ༡໭ᇶᮏᩥ᭩ࠕ༡

໭㛫ࡢ࿴ゎ࡜୙ྍ౵࡞ࡽࡧ࡟஺ὶ༠ຊ࡟㛵ࡍࡿྜព᭩ࠖࢆ⥾⤖ࡋࡓࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࡀ1993ᖺ3᭶ࠊ

໭ᮅ㩭ࡀ᰾ᣑᩓ㜵Ṇ᮲⣙㸦NPT㸧࠿ࡽࡢ⬺㏥ࢆᐉゝࡋࠊ༡໭ඹᏑᯟ⤌ࡳࡣᦂࡽ࠸࡛࠸ࡃࠋ࠿

ࡃࡋ࡚ࠊᮅ㩭༙ᓥ෭ᡓࡣᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ୙Ᏻᐃせᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

- 78 -

௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ⬺෭ᡓࣉࣟࢭࢫࡣࠊࢯ㐃㑥ゎయ࡜ࡑࢀ௨㝆ࡢᒎ㛤ࡢࡳࢆᣦࡍ ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࣉࣞ࢖࣮ࣖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ୰ᅜࡢᏑᅾ࡜⡿୰࿴ゎࢆࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟᪩࠸᫬ᮇ࠿ࡽᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚

࠸ࡓᅜ㝿⛛ᗎࡢኚືࠊయไࢆ㉸࠼ࡓ⤒῭ⓗ┦஫౫Ꮡࢆࡶྵࡴࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛࠶ࡾࠊྠ᫬࡟ࠊศ᩿

≧ἣࢆᢪ࠼ࡓࡲࡲࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ⬺෭ᡓࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡜ NEAR ࡢᙧᡂࣉ

ࣟࢭࢫ࡜ࢆ༢⣧࡟⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡢᅔ㞴ᛶࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸯㸫㸰㸬ᡓ␎ⓗᏳᐃ࡜ᑐ❧࣭⥭ᙇ

1990ᖺ௦ᚋ༙࠿ࡽ2000ᖺ௦๓༙࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ࡢᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ᅜᐙ㛫㛵ಀࡣࠊ୰ࣟ㛫࡛ᡓ␎ⓗᏳ ᐃࡀᅗࡽࢀࡓࡢ࡟ᑐࡋࠊᮅ㩭༙ᓥ࡛ࡣ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚῝้࡞ᑐ❧࣭ศ⿣ࡀ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⁶ࠋࡇ࠺ࡋ ࡓࠕᡓ␎ⓗᏳᐃ࡜ᑐ❧ࡢྠ᫬㐍⾜ࠖ࡜࠸࠺」㞧࡞ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢᅜ㝿ኚື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ௨ୗ࡛ࡣ

୕ࡘࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽࡑࡢ≉ᚩࢆᴫほࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ

㸦㸯㸧୰ࣟ㛵ಀࡢᡓ␎ⓗᏳᐃ

ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ኱ᅜࠊ୰ᅜ࡜ࣟࢩ࢔ࡣ1989ᖺࡢ࿴ゎ㐩ᡂᚋࠊࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ㛵ಀࢆⓎᒎ࣭

ᙉ໬ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡇࡢ୰ࣟ㛵ಀࡢᡓ␎ⓗᏳᐃ໬ࡀ➨୍ࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

1992ᖺ12᭶࡟஫࠸ࢆ཭ዲᅜ࡜ㄆࡵࡿඹྠኌ᫂࡟ㄪ༳ࡋࡓ୰ࣟ୧ᅜࡣࠊ1994ᖺ9᭶ࡢᘓ タⓗࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࡢ☜ㄆࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ1996 ᖺ4᭶࡟ࡣᡓ␎ⓗ༠ຊࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࢆ┒ࡾ

㎸ࢇࡔඹྠᐉゝࢆ᥇ᢥࡍࡿ࡟⮳ࡗࡓࠋ୧ᅜࡢ཭ዲ㛵ಀࡣ2000 ᖺ࡟ࣉ࣮ࢳࣥᨻᶒࡀㄌ⏕ࡋࡓ ᚋࡶ⥔ᣢࡉࢀࠊྠᖺ7 ᭶࡟ࡣᡓ␎ⓗ༠ຊࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࡢព⩏ࢆ෌☜ㄆࡍࡿ໭ிᐉゝࢆ᥇ ᢥࡋࡓࠋ⩣2001 ᖺ7 ᭶࡟ࡣ୰ࣟၿ㞄཭ዲ༠ຊ᮲⣙ࢆㄪ༳ࡍࡿ࡟⮳ࡗࡓ⁷ࠋ

୰ࣟ㛫ࡢ᭱኱ࡢᠱᛕ஦㡯࡛࠶ࡗࡓᅜቃ⏬ᐃၥ㢟ࡶ1991ᖺ5᭶࡟ᮾ㒊ᅜቃ༠ᐃࢆ⥾⤖ࡋ࡚

௨㝆ࠊ⣛వ᭤ᢡࢆ⤒ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ1997ᖺ11᭶࡟ࡣ⏬ᐃసᴗࡀ⤊஢ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ㛫ࠊす㒊ᅜቃ࡟

ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ1994ᖺ9᭶࡟༠ᐃࡀ⥾⤖ࡉࢀࠊ1998ᖺ࡟ࡣᅜቃ⏬ᐃసᴗࡀ⤊஢ࡋࡓ⁸ࠋࡑࡋ࡚2004 ᖺ10᭶ࠊ1991ᖺࡢᮾ㒊ᅜቃ༠ᐃ࡛Ჴୖࡆ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࢱࣛࣂ࣮ࣟࣇᓥ࡜኱࢘ࢫ࣮ࣜᓥࠊࡑ ࡋ࡚࢔ࣂ࢞࢖ࢺᓥࡢ⏬ᐃసᴗࡶ᏶஢ࡋࠊࡘ࠸࡟2005ᖺ6᭶ࡢ⿵඘༠ᐃ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚୰ࣟᅜቃၥ

- 79 - 㢟ࡣ᭱⤊Ỵ╔ࢆࡳࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ᛴ㏿࡟㐍ࡴ୰ࣟ㛵ಀࡢᡓ␎ⓗᏳᐃ໬ࡣࠊ୧⪅࡜⥭ᐦ࡞㛵ಀ࡟࠶ࡿ୰ኸ࢔ࢪ࢔㸦࢝ࢨࣇࢫࢱ

ࣥࠊ࢟ࣝࢠࢫࠊࢱࢪ࢟ࢫࢱࣥ㸧࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶᑐヰᯟ⤌ࡳࡢᙧᡂࢆಁࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ1996 ᖺ4 ᭶ࠊྠ஬ࣨᅜ࡛ࠊᅜቃᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿಙ㢗㔊ᡂ࣭රຊ๐ῶ➼ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓ༠ᐃࡀ⤖ࡤࢀࠊ

ୖᾏࣇ࢓࢖ࣈࡀⓎ㊊ࡋࡓࠋ2001ᖺ6᭶࡟ࡣ࢘ࢬ࣋࢟ࢫࢱࣥࡀຍࢃࡾࠊᆅᇦᶵᵓ࡟᱁ୖࡆࡉ

ࢀࡓSCO㸦ୖᾏ༠ຊᶵᵓ㸧࡬࡜Ⓨᒎࡋࡓࠋ2002ᖺ࡟ࡣࣔࣥࢦࣝࡀSCOຍ┕ࡢពᛮࢆ⾲᫂

ࡋࠊ2004ᖺ6᭶࠿ࡽ࢜ࣈࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮ཧຍࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⁹ࠋ

㸦㸰㸧TRADPࡢ೵

୰ࣟ㛵ಀࡢᡓ␎ⓗᏳᐃࢆ⫼ᬒ࡟SCO ࡀ῝໬࣭ᣑ኱ࢆ㐙ࡆࡓࡢ࡜ࡣᑐ↷ⓗ࡟ࠊ୰ᅜࠊ໭ᮅ 㩭ࠊࣟࢩ࢔ࠊࣔࣥࢦࣝཬࡧ㡑ᅜࡢ஬ࣨᅜࡀཧຍࡍࡿTRADP㸦ᅗ಼Ụᆅᇦ㛤Ⓨィ⏬㸧ࡣ೵

ࢆవ൤࡞ࡃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋྠィ⏬ࡣࠊ୰࣭ᮅ࣭ࣟࡢᅜቃࡀ᥋ࡍࡿᅗ಼Ụୗὶᇦࢆከᅜ㛫༠ຊ࡟

ࡼࡗ࡚ඹྠ㛤Ⓨࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿヨࡳ࡛ࠊ1991ᖺ࡟UNDP㸦ᅜ㐃㛤Ⓨィ⏬㸧ࡢ࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢸ࢕ࣈ

࡛ࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡋࡓࠋ1995ᖺ12᭶࡟ࡣࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔࡛ึࡢᨻᗓ㛫⤌⧊ࠕᅗ಼Ụᆅᇦ㛤Ⓨㄪᩚጤ ဨ఍㸦୰ᮅࣟ୕ࣨᅜ㸧ࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࠕᅗ಼Ụ⤒῭㛤Ⓨᆅᇦཬࡧ໭ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢㅎၥጤ ဨ఍㸦ཧຍ஬ࣨᅜ㸧ࠖࡢ๰タ࡟ྜពࡋࠊ⩣1996ᖺ࡟ࡣᅗ಼Ụ஦ົᒁࡀ໭ி࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑ ࡢᚋࠊᘏྜྷࠊ⨶ὠ࣭ඛ㗓ࠊ࢘ࣛࢪ࢜ࢫࢺࢡࠊ⍋᫓࡞࡝࡬ࡢᢞ㈨ㄏ⮴άືࡸࠊ஺㏻࢖ࣥࣇ࣭ࣛ

⎔ቃ࣭ほගศ㔝࡛ࡢᅜ㝿࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࡢ㛤ദ࡞࡝࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓ¹⁰ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࠕᨻ἞ⓗ࡞

ᑐ❧ࡢ⦰ᅗ㸦a microcosm of political rivaliries㸧ࠖ࡜ࡶホࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟¹¹ࠊྛᅜࡢᛮᝨࡢ┦㐪

ࡸ㛤Ⓨ㈨㔠ࡢㄪ㐩ၥ㢟࡞࡝࠿ࡽྠィ⏬ࡀ㌶㐨࡟஌ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ¹²ࠋ

㸦㸱㸧ᮅ㩭༙ᓥࢆࡵࡄࡿᑐ❧࣭⥭ᙇ

ᮅ㩭༙ᓥၥ㢟ࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚ࡣཝࡋ࠸ᑐ❧࣭⥭ᙇ㛵ಀࡀ㢧ᅾ໬ࡋࡓࠋ໭ᮅ㩭࡟ࡼࡿ1993ᖺࡢ NPT⬺㏥ᐉゝ㸦➨୍ḟ᰾༴ᶵ㸧ࠊ1998ᖺࡢࢸ࣏ࢻ࣑ࣥࢧ࢖ࣝⓎᑕࠊࡑࡋ࡚2002ᖺࡢ᰾㛤Ⓨ

␲ᝨⓎぬ㸦➨஧ḟ᰾༴ᶵ㸧࡞࡝୍㐃ࡢ᰾࣭࣑ࢧ࢖ࣝ༴ᶵࡀຨⓎࡋࡓ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

➨୍ḟ᰾༴ᶵࡣࠊ1994ᖺ6᭶ࡢ࣮࢝ࢱ࣮ඖ⡿ᅜ኱⤫㡿ゼᮅ࡟ࡼࡿࠕ௰௓ࠖࢆ⤒࡚¹³ࠊྠᖺ 10᭶ࡢ⡿ᮅྜពᯟ⤌ࡳࡢጇ⤖ࢆࡶࡗ୍࡚ᛂᅇ㑊ࡉࢀࡓࠋ⩣1995ᖺ3᭶࡟ࡣ᪥⡿㡑୕ࣨᅜࡀ

୺ᑟࡍࡿᙧ࡛KEDO㸦ᮅ㩭༙ᓥ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㸧ࢆⓎ㊊ࡉࡏࠊ༡໭ᮅ㩭࡜⡿ᅜࠊࡑࡋ࡚

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୰ᅜࡶྵࡵࡓᅄ⪅఍ㄯࡀ1997ᖺ12᭶࠿ࡽጞືࡋࡓࠋ

ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊKEDO࡟ࡼࡿ㔜Ἔᥦ౪ࡸ㍍Ỉ⅔஦ᴗࡀ⡿ᅜෆ࡛ࡢ㆟఍ࡢ཯Ⓨ࡞࡝ࢆཷࡅࠊ㐜ᘏࢆ

㔜ࡡࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡟཯Ⓨࡋࡓ໭ᮅ㩭ࡣ1998ᖺ8᭶ࠊࢸ࣏ࢻ࣑ࣥࢧ࢖ࣝⓎᑕᐇ㦂ࢆᙉ⾜ࡋࠊ෌ࡧ ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔࡛⥭ᙇࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋKEDO࡬ࡢ㈨㔠ᣐฟ୍᫬෾⤖࡞࡝Ẏ↛ࡓࡿᢠ㆟ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ᪥ᮏ

࡟ᑐࡋࠊKEDOయไࡢᔂቯࢆᠱᛕࡋࡓ⡿ᅜ࡜㡑ᅜࡣ᪥ᮏࡢㄝᚓ࡟ᙜࡓࡾࠊ᪥⡿㡑୕ࣨᅜࡣඹ

ྠṌㄪࢆ࡜ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚1999ᖺ9᭶ࠊ⡿ᮅ༠㆟࡟࠾࠸࡚໭ᮅ㩭ࡢ࣑ࢧ࢖ࣝᐇ㦂෾⤖ࠊ⡿ᅜࡢ

⤒῭ไ⿢⦆࿴࡛ྜពࡋࠊ⡿ᮅྜពᯟ⤌ࡳ࣭KEDOయไࡣ࠿ࢁ࠺ࡌ࡚⥔ᣢࡉࢀࡓ¹⁴ࠋࡇࡢ࡜ࡁ ᑐヰᯟ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡋࡓࡢࡣඛ㏙ࡢᅄ⪅఍ㄯ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ⡿ᮅ༠㆟࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᅄ

⪅఍ㄯࡣࠊ༡໭ᖹ࿴యไᶞ❧ࢆ୺ᙇࡍࡿ㡑ᅜ࡜ࠊ⡿ᮅᖹ࿴యไᶞ❧࡟ᅛᇳࡍࡿ໭ᮅ㩭࡜ࡢ㛫

࡛᥋Ⅼࢆぢฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡎࠊ1999ᖺࡢ➨6 ᅇ఍ㄯ௨㝆ࠊ୰᩿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ㡑ᅜࡣ༡໭┤᥋ ᑐヰࡢ㐨ࢆᶍ⣴ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࠊࡘ࠸࡟2000ᖺ6᭶ࠊ㔠኱୰኱⤫㡿ࡀ໭ᮅ㩭࡬ࡢ⤒῭ᨭ᥼

ࢆ⣙᮰ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⫼ᬒ࡟ࠊṔྐୖึࡵ࡚ࡢ༡໭㤳⬻఍ㄯࡀᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࠋ

ࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ᮅ㩭༙ᓥ⼥࿴࡬ࡢᮇᚅࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࡀࠊ2001 ᖺ࡟⡿ᅜ࡛ࣈࢵࢩࣗ኱⤫㡿㸦ᙜ᫬㸧 ࡀⓏሙࡍࡿ࡜⡿ᮅ㛵ಀࡣᝏ໬ࡋࠊᮅ㩭༙ᓥࡣ෌ࡧ⥭ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ2001 ᖺ9 ᭶ࡢ⡿ᅜྠ᫬ከ

Ⓨࢸࣟ஦௳ࢆཷࡅࠊ໭ᮅ㩭ࡣ⡿ᅜ࠿ࡽࠕᝏࡢᯡ㍈ࠖ࡜ྡᣦࡋࡉࢀࡓࠋయไ⥔ᣢࢆ⫼ᬒ࡟໭ᮅ 㩭ࡣᑐ⡿㛵ಀࡢᨵၿ࡟஌ࡾฟࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢ୍Ṍ࡜ࡋ࡚2002ᖺ9᭶࡟᪥ᮅ㤳⬻఍ㄯ࡟㋃ࡳษࡗ ࡓࠋ᪥ᮅ㛵ಀᨵၿ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⤒῭ࢆ❧࡚┤ࡍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊඛไ⾜ືㄽࡢᑐ㇟࠿ࡽ⮬ࡽࢆ㝖እࡉࡏ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡡࡽ࠸࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊࡑࡢ⩣᭶ࡢ2002ᖺ10᭶ࠊࢣ࣮ࣜ⡿ᅜᅜ㜵ḟᐁ⿵㸦ᙜ᫬㸧ࡀゼᮅࡋࡓ㝿ࠊ໭ᮅ 㩭ࡀ㧗⃰⦰࢘ࣛࣥィ⏬ࡢᏑᅾࢆㄆࡵࠊ➨஧ḟ᰾༴ᶵࡀຨⓎࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋKEDO⌮஦఍ࡣ

ྠᖺ11᭶ࠊ㔜Ἔᥦ౪ࡢ୰ṆࢆỴᐃࠋ໭ᮅ㩭ࡣ⩣2003ᖺ1᭶ࠊ෌ࡧNPT⬺㏥ࢆᐉゝࡋࡓࠋ

ྠ༴ᶵࡣᅜ㐃Ᏻಖ⌮࡟௜クࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ⡿ᅜࢆࡣࡌࡵ୰ᅜࡸࣟࢩ࢔ࡶࠊᆅᇦࣞ

࡛࣋ࣝゎỴࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜࡛฼ᐖࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ¹⁵ࠊྠᖺ8᭶ࠊ୰ᅜࢆ㆟㛗ᅜ࡜ࡍࡿ༠

㆟ᯟ⤌ࡳSPT㸦භ⪅༠㆟㸧ࡀㄌ⏕ࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟1990ᖺ௦ᚋ༙࠿ࡽ 2000ᖺ௦๓༙ࡢᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ᅜᐙ㛫㛵ಀࡣࠊ୰ࣟ㛫࡛ᡓ␎

ⓗᏳᐃࡀᅗࡽࢀࡓࡢ࡟ᑐࡋࠊTRADPࡣ೵ࢆవ൤࡞ࡃࡉࢀࠊᮅ㩭༙ᓥࢆࡵࡄࡿ⥭ᙇࡣཝࡋ ࡉࢆቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ࣮ࣜࢪࣙࢼࣜࢬ࣒ࡣ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚೵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ¹⁶ࠋ

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㸯㸫㸱㸬⦆ࡸ࠿࡞ไᗘ໬࡜ศ⿣

ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔࡛ࡣ2000ᖺ௦ᚋ༙௨㝆ࠊᮅ㩭༙ᓥࢆࡵࡄࡿศ⿣≧ἣࡣ⥅⥆ࡍࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊ୰ᅜ ࡢྎ㢌ࢆ⫼ᬒ࡜ࡋࡓࣃ࣮࣭࣡ࢺࣛࣥࢪࢵࢩࣙࣥ㸦ຊࡢ⛣⾜㸧ࡀ㐍⾜ࡍࡿ୰¹⁷ࠊ⦆ࡸ࠿࡞ไᗘ

໬ࡀ㐍ࢇࡔࠋ௨ୗ࡛ࡣࠊ2000 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙௨㝆ࡢᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ≉ᚩࢆࠊᅄࡘࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽᴫほࡋ

࡚࠾ࡃࠋ

㸦㸯㸧SPTࡢ㝈⏺࡜ไᗘ໬

ᮅ㩭༙ᓥࡢ➨஧ḟ᰾༴ᶵࢆཷࡅ࡚ㄌ⏕ࡋࡓSPT㸦භ⪅༠㆟㸧ࡣࠊ⡿ᮅ஧⪅༠㆟ࢆồࡵࡿ໭

ᮅ㩭࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟࠾࠸࡚㞴⯟ࡍࡿࠋࣈࢵࢩࣗ⡿ᅜ኱⤫㡿㸦ᙜ᫬㸧ࡢ෌㑅ࡀỴᐃࡋࡓᚋࡢ 2005 ᖺ2᭶ࠊ໭ᮅ㩭ࡣSPTࡢ୰ṆࠊNPT࠿ࡽࡢ⬺㏥ࠊࡉࡽ࡟᰾රჾಖ᭷ᐉゝࢆබᘧ࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓࠋ

୰ᅜࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞ാࡁ࠿ࡅࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚2005ᖺ7᭶࡟༠㆟ࡣ෌㛤ࡋࠊ࠿ࢁ࠺ࡌ࡚ᯟ⤌ࡳࡣ⥔ᣢࡉ

ࢀࡓࠋ໭ᮅ㩭ࡀ᰾රჾ࣭᰾ィ⏬ࡢᨺᲠ➼ࢆ⣙᮰ࡍࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊ⡿ᅜࡀᨷᧁ࣭౵␎ពᅗࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ

࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜➼ࢆ┒ࡾ㎸ࢇࡔඹྠኌ᫂ࡀ᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓࠋ

࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊྠᖺ9᭶ࠊ⡿ᅜࡀࣂࣥࢥ࣭ࢹࣝࢱ࣭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ໭ᮅ㩭㛵㐃ཱྀᗙࢆ෾⤖ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ

ཷࡅࠊ෌ࡧSPTࡣ⭺╔≧ែ࡟㝗ࡿࠋ⡿ᅜ࡟ᙉࡃ཯Ⓨࡋࡓ໭ᮅ㩭ࡣ2006ᖺ7᭶ࠊ࣑ࢧ࢖ࣝᐇ 㦂ࢆᙉ⾜ࠋᅜ㐃Ᏻಖ⌮ࡀ㠀㞴Ỵ㆟ࢆ᥇ᢥࡋࠊSPT࡬ࡢ᚟ᖐࢆಁࡋࡓࡀࠊ໭ᮅ㩭ࡣ㔠⼥ไ⿢ࡢ ゎ㝖ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ୺ᙇࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡘ࠸࡟ྠᖺ10 ᭶ࠊ໭ᮅ㩭ࡣ᰾ᐇ㦂ࢆᙉ⾜ࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ ࡓ¹⁸ࠋ࠿ࡃࡋ࡚SPTࡣࠊ໭ᮅ㩭ࡢ᰾ၥ㢟ࢆ⟶⌮ࡍࡿᯟ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣኻᩋ࡟⤊ࢃࡗࡓࠋ

ࡔࡀࠊࡑࡢᚋࡶ SPT ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࡣゎᾘࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ⡿ᮅࡢ㔠⼥ไ⿢࡟㛵 ࡍࡿᑓ㛛ᐙ఍ྜ࡛ไ⿢ࡢ୍㒊ゎ㝖ࡀྜពࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࠊSPTࡣ2007ᖺ2᭶࡟෌㛤ࡋࡓࠋ໭ᮅ㩭 ࡢ᰾ᨺᲠ࡟ྥࡅࡓࠕึᮇẁ㝵ࡢᥐ⨨ࠖ࡜ぢ㏉ࡾࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᨭ᥼࡞࡝ࢆ┒ࡾ㎸ࢇࡔඹྠᐉゝ

ࡶ᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᮅ㩭༙ᓥࡢ㠀᰾໬ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣭⤒῭༠ຊࠊ⡿ᮅ࣭᪥ᮅᅜ஺ṇᖖ໬ࠊࠕ໭

ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ᖹ࿴Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒㸦NEAPSM㸧ࠖࡢ஬ࡘࡢసᴗ㒊఍ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࠊSPTࡣ⦆ࡸ࠿࡞

ไᗘ໬ࢆࡳࡏࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ࡓࡔࡋࠊ໭ᮅ㩭ࡢ᰾ၥ㢟ࢆ⟶⌮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟SPTࡀᡂຌࡋࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ໭ᮅ㩭ࡣ2009ᖺ4

᭶ࠊேᕤ⾨ᫍ࡜⛠ࡍࡿ࣑ࢧ࢖ࣝࢆⓎᑕࠋᅜ㐃Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀⌮஦఍ࡣ෌Ⓨᑕࡢ⮬ไࢆồࡵࡓࡀࠊ཯Ⓨࡋ ࡓ໭ᮅ㩭ࡣ᰾㛤Ⓨࡢ෌㛤࡜SPT࠿ࡽࡢ㞳⬺ࢆ⾲᫂ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ྠᖺ5᭶ࠊ஧ᗘ┠࡜࡞ࡿ᰾ᐇ㦂

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ࢆᙉ⾜ࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᅜ㐃Ᏻಖ⌮ࡣ㈌≀᳨ᰝࡢᙉ໬࡞࡝ࢆ┒ࡾ㎸ࢇࡔไ⿢ࢆỴࡵࡓࠋࡇࡢ᫬௨ ᮶ࠊSPTࡣ୰᩿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊSPTࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ⮬యࡣᏑ⥆ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ໭ᮅ㩭ၥ㢟ࢆࡵࡄࡿᨻ

⟇ㄪᩚ࣭⟶⌮ࡢሙ࡜ࡋ࡚ไᗘࡢᙉ㠌ᛶ㸦resilience㸧ࢆぢࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ¹⁹ࠋ

㸦㸰㸧᪥୰㡑୕ᅜ༠ຊࡢไᗘ໬

ᮅ㩭༙ᓥ᝟ໃࡀ⭺╔ࡍࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊ᪥୰㡑୕ᅜࡢࢺࣛ࢖ࣛࢸࣛࣝ༠ຊࡀ๓㐍ࢆࡳࡏࡓࠋ᪥୰

㡑୕ᅜࡢ༠ຊ㛵ಀࡣࠊASEAN㸩3 㸦APT㸧㤳⬻఍㆟ࡢ㝿࡟᪥ᮏࡀᥦ᱌ࡋࠊ1999 ᖺ࠿ࡽ㠀 බᘧ࡟ദࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ᪥୰㡑㤳⬻఍ྜࡀẕయ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙜึࠊ᪥୰㡑㤳⬻఍ྜ࡟ᾘᴟⓗ

࡛࠶ࡗࡓ୰ᅜࡀḟ➨࡟✚ᴟጼໃ࡟㌿ࡌࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ2008 ᖺ࠿ࡽ APT 㤳⬻఍㆟࡜ࡣ⊂❧

ࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥୰㡑ࡢ㍯␒࡛ᖺḟ㛤ദࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸦➨1 ᅇࡣ2008 ᖺ12 ᭶ࠊ᪥ᮏ࣭ኴᐓ ᗓ㸧²⁰ࠋ➨2 ᅇ఍㆟㸦2009 ᖺ10 ᭶ࠊ୰ᅜ࣭໭ி㸧࡛ࡣࠕ᪥୰㡑༠ຊ༑࿘ᖺࢆグᛕࡍࡿඹ

ྠኌ᫂ࠖࡀ᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓ࡯࠿²¹ࠊ஦ົᒁࡢタ❧ࡶྜពࡉࢀࡓࠋ➨3ᅇ఍㆟㸦2010 ᖺ5 ᭶ࠊ㡑 ᅜ࣭῭ᕞᓥ㸧࡛ࡣࠕ᪥୰㡑୕ᅜ㛫༠ຊࣅࢪࣙࣥ2020ࠖࢆ᥇ᢥࡋ²²ࠊ2011ᖺ9᭶ࠊࢯ࢘ࣝ࡟

࠾࠸࡚஦ົᒁ㸦TCS㸧ࡀṇᘧ✌ືࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ➨5ᅇ఍㆟㸦2012ᖺ5᭶ࠊ୰ᅜ࣭໭ி㸧

࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࠕ୕ᅜ㛫ࡢໟᣓⓗ࡞༠ຊࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࡢᙉ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿඹྠᐉゝࠖࢆ᥇ᢥࡍࡿ

࡟⮳ࡗࡓ²³ࠋ

᪥୰㡑୕ᅜ༠ຊࡣࠕᶵ⬟ⓗ༠ຊ࣭ᑐヰᆺࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࠖ²⁴࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ18 ࡢ㛶൉⣭఍㆟ࢆྵࡴ 50 ௨ୖࡢᑐヰ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࠊࡑࡋ࡚100ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ༠ຊࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆᩚഛࡍࡿࡲ࡛࡟Ⓨᒎࡋࡓ²⁵ࠋ

᪥୰㡑୕ᅜ༠ຊࡣไᗘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣⴌⱆⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡟㐣ࡂ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ᪥⡿㡑ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿᮾ໭

࢔ࢪ࢔⛛ᗎࡢࡶ࠺ࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ㍈࡟ᡂ㛗ࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋ

㸦㸱㸧୰ࣟᡓ␎ⓗࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ࡜୰ࣟࣔ༠ຊ࣭SCO

୰ࣟ㛵ಀ࡟┠ࢆ㌿ࡌࡿ࡜ࠊ2001 ᖺ7 ᭶࡟ၿ㞄཭ዲ༠ຊ᮲⣙ࢆ⥾⤖ࡋ࡚௨᮶ࠊ୧ᅜࡢᡓ␎

ⓗࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ㛵ಀࡣẚ㍑ⓗᏳᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋඛ㏙ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㛗ᖺࡢᠱ᱌஦㡯࡛࠶ࡗࡓ

୰ࣟᅜቃ⏬ᐃၥ㢟ࡣ2004ᖺ10᭶࡟⏬ᐃసᴗࡀ᏶஢ࡋࠊ2005ᖺ6᭶ࡢ⿵඘༠ᐃ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᭱

⤊Ỵ╔ࢆࡳࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟2005 ᖺ8 ᭶࡟ࡣࠕ୰ࣟⵚᅜቃᆅᇦ༠ຊࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࠖࡀࣔࣥࢦ࡛ࣝ㛤 ദࡉࢀࠊ୰ᅜࠊࣟࢩ࢔ࠊࣔࣥࢦࣝ㸦CRM㸧㛫ࡢ༠ຊࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࡢᵓ⠏ࡶጞࡲࡗࡓࠋྠࣇ࢛࣮

࣒࡛ࣛࡣࠊෆࣔࣥࢦࣝࡢ‶ᕞ㔛࡜ࣁ࢖ࣛࣝࢆ୕ᅜ㛫ᆅᇦ༠ຊࡢ㔜せ࡞ࠕ኱ࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࠖ

- 83 -

࡜఩⨨௜ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ²⁶ࠋࡲࡓࠊ2001ᖺ6᭶࡟ㄌ⏕ࡋࡓ୰ኸ࢔ࢪ࢔ㅖᅜ࡜ࡢᅜቃᏳᐃࡢࡓࡵࡢᑐ ヰᯟ⤌ࡳSCO㸦ୖᾏ༠ຊᶵᵓ㸧࡛ࡶࠊ୰ࣟࡢࠕ༠ㄪⓗ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࠖࡣᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ²⁷ࠋ

࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ୰ࣟ㛵ಀࡣỴࡋ୍࡚ᯛᒾ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ୰ࣟᅜቃᆅᇦ࡛ࡣࠊ୰ᅜ⤒῭ࡢࣟࢩ࢔ᴟᮾ ᆅᇦ࡬ࡢᣑ኱ࡸ୰ᅜே⛣Ẹၥ㢟࡞࡝ࢆྵࡴࢯࣇࢺ࡞࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ୖࡢ┦஫୙ಙࡀ᰿

ᙉࡃṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ²⁸ࠋࡲࡓSCOࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ୺ᑟᶒத࠸ࡸ཮᪉ࡢ฼┈ࡢ㐪࠸࠿ࡽࠊ୰ࣟࡢ₯

ᅾⓗ୙༠࿴㡢ࡶ᰿ᙉ࠸²⁹ࠋ

㸦㸲㸧TRADP࠿ࡽGTI࡬

ࡲࡓࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛೵ࢆవ൤࡞ࡃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ TRADP ࡣ᪂ࡓ࡞ẁ㝵࡬࡜㋃ࡳฟࡋࡓࠋ2005 ᖺ9᭶࡟୰ᅜ㛗᫓ᕷ࡛㛤ദࡉࢀࡓ➨8ᅇㅎၥጤဨ఍࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㛤Ⓨᆅᇦࡢᣑ኱࡜2015ᖺࡲ

࡛ࡢ㛤Ⓨᮇ㛫ࡢᘏ㛗࡞࡝ࡀỴᐃࡉࢀࠊྡ⛠ࡶ TRADP ࠿ࡽࠕᗈᇦᅗ಼Ụ㛤Ⓨィ⏬㸦GTI㸧ࠖ

࡬࡜ኚ᭦ࡉࢀࡓ³⁰ࠋᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡢ୰ᅜྜྷᯘ┬ᘏ㎶ᮅ㩭⮬἞ᕞࠊ໭ᮅ㩭⨶ὠᕷࠊࣟࢩ࢔

ἢᾏᆅ᪉ࡢ୍㒊ࠊࣔࣥࢦࣝᮾ㒊ᆅᇦ࠿ࡽᣑ኱ࡋࠊ୰ᅜᮾ໭୕┬㸦㑈ᑀ┬࣭ྜྷᯘ┬࣭㯮㱟Ụ┬㸧

࡜ෆࣔࣥࢦࣝ⮬἞༊ࠊ໭ᮅ㩭⨶ඛ⤒῭㈠᫆ᆅᖏࠊ㡑ᅜᮾ㒊ἢᾏ㒔ᕷ࡬࡜ᗈࡀࡗࡓࠋ2007 ᖺ 11᭶࡟ࡣㅎၥጤဨ఍ࡢୗ㒊⤌⧊࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕࣅࢪࢿࢫㅎၥጤဨ఍ࠖࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ࡯࠿ࠊศ 㔝ࡈ࡜ࡢ㒊఍ࡸ㈼ே఍㆟ࡶタ⨨ࡉࢀࠊ10ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ2009ᖺ8᭶࡟୰

ᅜ࡛ࠕ୰ᅜᅗ಼Ụᆅᇦ༠ຊ㛤Ⓨィ⏬せ⥘̿㛗ྜྷᅗ㛤ᨺ㛤Ⓨඛᑟ༊ࠖࡀᅜᐙ⣭ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡜

ࡋ࡚ᢎㄆࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ┦ࡲࡗ࡚ࠊྠィ⏬ࡣὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ³¹ࠋ

௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ෭ᡓᚋࡢᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ᅜᐙ㛫㛵ಀࡣࠊSPTࡸ᪥୰㡑୕ᅜ༠ຊ࡞࡝ࡢࠕไᗘ໬ࠖࡀ

⦆ࡸ࠿࡟㐍⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡣࠕ⭾ᙇࡍࡿ୰ᅜࡢᑐእ㛵ಀࠖ³²ࡀ῝ࡃ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

୰ᅜࡣSPTࡢ㆟㛗࡜ࡋ࡚✚ᴟᛶࢆࡳࡏࠊ᪥୰㡑୕ᅜ༠ຊࡢ㐍ᒎࡶ୰ᅜࡀ✚ᴟጼໃ࡟㌿ࡌࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ

⫼ᬒ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋCRM༠ຊࡸSCOࠊࡑࡋ࡚GTI࡟ࡶ୰ᅜࡢⓎᒎᡓ␎࡜ᑐእᨻ⟇ࡀ཯ᫎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢᅜᐙ㛫㛵ಀࡣ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ℩ᡞ㝿እ஺ࠖࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍ໭ᮅ㩭³³ࠊྛᅜࡢ㡿 ᅵࢼࢩࣙࢼࣜࢬ࣒³⁴ࡸṔྐㄆ㆑ၥ㢟ࡢ㢧ᅾ໬࡞࡝ࠊᨻ἞࣭Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୙Ᏻᐃせᅉࢆᢪ

࠼ࠊᑐ❧࡜ศ⿣ࡢ㛵ಀࡀ῝ࡃᇙࡵ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

- 84 -

➨㸰⠇ ጜጒ㸦཭ዲ㸧㒔ᕷ஺ὶ

ḟ࡟ࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢᆅ᪉ᨻᗓྠኈࡢ㛵ಀ㸦L-L㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᴫほࡋ࡚࠾ࡇ࠺ࠋᮏ⠇࡛ࡣࠊᮾ

໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢጜጒ㸦཭ዲ㸧㒔ᕷ஺ὶࡢഴྥ࡜≉ᚩࢆศᯒࡍࡿ³⁵ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱྲྀᚓࡢ㒔ྜୖࠊ ศᯒᑐ㇟ࡣ᪥୰㡑୕ࣨᅜࡢጜጒᥦᦠ㛵ಀ࡟⤠ࡾ㎸ࡴࠋࡲࡓࠊᥦᦠ┦ᡭඛᅜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᮏㄽᩥ

ࡀᢅ࠺ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔㸦᪥୰㡑୕ࣨᅜࠊ໭ᮅ㩭ࠊࣟࢩ࢔ࠊࣔࣥࢦࣝ㸧࡟ࠊ⡿ᅜࠊASEAN㸦ᮾ༡

࢔ࢪ࢔ㅖᅜ㐃ྜ㸧ㅖᅜࠊ㇦ᕞࠊࢽ࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࢆศᯒࡢᑐ㇟࡟ຍ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸰㸫㸯㸬඲⯡ⓗഴྥ

ᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢጜጒ㒔ᕷ࡛ࡣࠊ1955 ᖺࡢ᪥ᮏ㛗ᓮᕷ࣭⡿ᅜࢭࣥࢺ࣏࣮ࣝᕷࡀᥦᦠ➨୍ྕ࡛

࠶ࡿࠋጜጒᥦᦠึᮇࡣ⡿ᅜ୺せ㒔ᕷ࡜ࡢ஺ὶࡀ୰ᚰࡔࡗࡓࡀࠊ1978 ᖺࡢ୰ᅜࡢᨵ㠉࣭㛤ᨺ

ࢆቃ࡟ࠊ᪥୰㡑୕ࣨᅜࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ጜጒ㒔ᕷ஺ὶ᫬௦ࢆ㏄࠼ࡓ㸦ᅗ2-1ཧ↷㸧ࠋ࡜ࡃ࡟ࠊ1992ᖺ ࡢ୰㡑ᅜ஺ṇᖖ໬ᚋࡣ᪂つ⥾⤖ᩘࡀᛴቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ90ᖺ௦༙ࡤ௨㝆࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ࠊ᪂つ ᥦᦠᩘࡢఙࡧࡀ㕌໬ࡋࠊጜጒ㒔ᕷ஺ὶࡀᐃ╔໬ࡍࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊᙧᘧࡔࡅࡢ஺ὶࢆぢ┤ࡍືࡁࡶ

࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡢࣂࣈࣝᔂቯᚋࠊᆅ᪉㈈ᨻࡢᝏ໬ࢆ⫼ᬒ࡟஺ὶつᶍࡢ⦰ᑠ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊṔྐㄆ㆑ၥ 㢟ࡶᙳࢆⴠ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ³⁶ࠋ௨ୗࠊ᪥୰㡑ྛᅜࡢ≉ᚩࢆᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ

㸦㸯㸧᪥ᮏ

1972 ᖺࡢ᪥୰ᅜ஺ṇᖖ໬࡜ྠ᫬ᮇ࡟⚄ᡞᕷ࡜ኳὠᕷ࡛ጞࡲࡗࡓ᪥୰㛫ࡢ㒔ᕷ஺ὶࡣࠊ 1978ᖺࡢᨵ㠉࣭㛤ᨺࢆᶵ࡟ᛴቑࡋࠊ80ᖺ௦๓༙࡟ࡣ᪂つᥦᦠᩘࡀ⡿ᅜẚ⋡ࢆୖᅇࡗࡓࠋ90 ᖺ௦༙ࡤ࡟➨஧ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࢆ㏄࠼ࡓࠋ2005 ᖺ᫬Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊጜጒ㒔ᕷᥦᦠ⥲ᩘ1,522௳ࡢ࠺

ࡕࠊ⡿ᅜ28㸣ࠊ୰ᅜ20㸣ࠊࡇࡢ஧ࣨᅜ࡛༙ᩘࢆ༨ࡵࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ1968ᖺ࡟ᒣཱྀ┴ⴗᕷ࡜ⶢᒣ ᕷ㸦⌧࣭ⶢᒣᗈᇦᕷ㸧࡛ጞࡲࡗࡓ㡑ᅜ࡜ࡢጜጒ஺ὶࡣࠊ⡿ᅜࠊ୰ᅜ࡜ẚ࡭ᑡ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ2002 ᖺࡢ࣮࣡ࣝࢻ࢝ࢵࣉࢧࢵ࣮࢝᪥㡑ඹദࡢᙳ㡪࡛ቑຍࡋࡓࠋASEAN ㅖᅜ࡜ࡢ஺ὶࡣࠊ1965 ᖺࡢᶓ὾ᕷ࡜ࣇ࢕ࣜࣆ࣭࣐ࣥࢽࣛᕷࡢ➨୍ྕ௨᮶ࠊ೵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୰ኸᨻᗓ㛫࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣ㤳

- 85 -

⬻እ஺ࡸከศ㔝࡛ࡢ᮲⣙࣭༠ᐃ⥙ࡀᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔඲ᇦ࡟ᣑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋࠊጜጒ㒔ᕷ஺ὶࡣ

⡿ᅜࠊ୰ᅜᚿྥࡀᙉ࠸ࠋ≉ᚩⓗ࡞ጜጒ㒔ᕷᥦᦠ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᅜ஺ࡢ↓࠸໭ᮅ㩭࡜ࡢᥦᦠ㸦1992 ᖺࡢ㫽ྲྀ┴ቃ ᕷ࡜໭ᮅ㩭ඖᒣᕷ㸧³⁷ࠊᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ࡜ᅜᐙ࡜ࡢࢡࣟࢫᥦᦠ㸦1994ᖺࡢᓥ᰿┴୕

㝮⏫࣭⌧὾⏣ᕷ࡜ࣈ࣮ࢱࣥ㸧³⁸࡞࡝ࡶࡳࡽࢀࡿࠋ

㸦㸰㸧୰ᅜ

୰ᅜࡢጜጒ㒔ᕷᥦᦠࡣ1978ᖺࡢᨵ㠉࣭㛤ᨺ௨㝆ࠊ᪥ᮏࠊ⡿ᅜㅖ㒔ᕷ࡜ࡢ஺ὶࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ቑ ຍࡋࡓࠋ90ᖺ௦࡟ࠊ㡑ᅜࠊࣟࢩ࢔ࠊ㇦ᕞࠊASEANㅖᅜ࡬࡜ᥦᦠඛࡀᣑ኱ࡋࡓࠋ࡜ࡃ࡟㡑ᅜ

࡜ࡢᥦᦠࡣࠊ1992ᖺᅜ஺ṇᖖ໬ࢆᶵ࡟ᛴቑࡋࠊ90ᖺ௦ᚋ༙࡟᪂つ⥾⤖ᩘ࡛ࡣ᪥ᮏࢆୖᅇࡗ ࡓࠋ1989ᖺࡢ୰ࢯ࿴ゎᚋ࡟ࡣࣟࢩ࢔࡜ࡶ㒔ᕷ஺ὶࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௚᪉ࠊASEANㅖᅜ࡜ࡣ 90ᖺ௦࡟⥾⤖ࡢືࡁࡀ࡛࡚ࡁࡓࠋ2001ࠊ02ᖺ௦࡟᪂つ⥾⤖⥲ᩘࡢ20㸣ࢆ㉸࠼ࡓࡀࠊᮾ࢔ࢪ

࢔඲⯡ࡢ⣼ィ࡛ࡣ௨๓ࠊపỈ‽࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୰ኸᨻᗓ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦ࡜ࡢ

஺ὶ㛵ಀࡀ኱ࡁ࡞ẚ㔜ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ᪥ᮏ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊᮾ໭࢔ࢪ࢔࣭⡿ᅜᚿྥࡀ㢧ⴭ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

㸦㸱㸧㡑ᅜ

㡑ᅜࡢጜጒ㒔ᕷ஺ὶࡣ90ᖺ௦࡟ධࡿ࡜ࠊ୰ᅜࠊࣟࢩ࢔ࠊASEANㅖᅜࠊ㇦ᕞ࡬࡜஺ὶࡢ ᆅ⌮ⓗ⠊ᅖࡀᣑ኱ࡋࡓࠋ1992 ᖺࡢ୰㡑ᅜ஺ṇᖖ໬ࢆᶵ࡟ᛴቑࡋࡓ୰ᅜ࡜ࡢ஺ὶࡣࠊẚ⋡࣭

⣼ィᩘ࡛ࡶ⡿ᅜ࣭᪥ᮏࢆୖᅇࡗࡓࠋࣟࢩ࢔࡜ࡢ஺ὶࡶ1990ᖺࡢᅜ஺ᶞ❧௨᮶ࠊቑຍࡋ࡚࠸

ࡿࠋASEANㅖᅜ࡜ࡢ஺ὶࡣࠊ90ᖺ௦༙ࡤ࡟ቑຍࡋࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ㏻㈌༴ᶵ௨㝆ࡣ᪂つᥦᦠᩘ࡟

ఙࡧᝎࡳࡢഴྥࡀ࡛࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ㡑ᅜࡢASEANㅖᅜ࡜ࡢᥦᦠᩘ㸦⣼ィ㸧ࡣࠊ඲యࡢ7㸣

ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᪥ᮏ࣭୰ᅜࡼࡾࡶ㧗࠸ࠋ

ドキュメント内 : The Association of North East Asia Regional Governments as a New International Social Unit (ページ 78-138)