Ɋɛɬɬɣɝɨɶɠ ɥɩɧɪɩɨɠɨɭɶ (Passive components)

ȼ ɦɟɧɸ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ (Passive components) ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɵ, ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɵ, ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ, ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ, ɜɵɫɨɤɨɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɬɨɪɵ, ɜɡɚɢɦɧɵɟ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ,ɞɢɨɞɵ ɢ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɬɪɨɧɵ.

Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɦ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ, ɱɬɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ, ɟɦɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ, ɡɚɜɢɫɹɳɢɦ ɨɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɭɡɥɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɜ, ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɯ ɩɨ -ɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɬɨɤɨɜ ɜɟɬɜɟɣ, ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ (ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɡɚ -ɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɨɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ PSpice ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɚ, ɡɞɟɫɶ MicroCAP ɹɜɧɨ ɥɢɞɢɪɭɟɬ).

3.2.1. ɋɠɢɣɬɭɩɫ (Resistor) Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ ɫɯɟɦ ɆIɋROCAP-7:

ȺɬɪɢɛɭɬPART: <ɢɦɹ> ;ɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ȺɬɪɢɛɭɬVALUE: <ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ> [Ɍɋ=<Ɍɋ1>[,<Ɍɋ2>]] ;ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ȺɬɪɢɛɭɬMODEL: [ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ]

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ FREQ: [<ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ>] — ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ 10*f*v(10), ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ FREQ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ VALUE ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ Ⱥɋ-ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ (ɡɞɟɫɶ f — ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ), ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ VALUE;

SLIDER_MIN — ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Dynamic DC ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɞɜɢɠɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ;

SLIDER_MAX — ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Dynamic DC ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɞɜɢɠɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ;

ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɨɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ <ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ>, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɦ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ 100+V(10)*2. ɗɬɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ. ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Ⱥɋ ɷɬɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ.

Ɋɢɫ. 3.1. Ɉɤɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ

ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ,ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɜ MicroCAP-8, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 3.1.

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3.1. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ

Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ

-ɧɨɫɬɶ Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ

R Ɇɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɵɣ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɶ

ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ — 1

ɍɌ1 Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɵɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢ

-ɰɢɟɧɬ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ° C^-1 0

ɍɌ2 Ʉɜɚɞɪɚɬɢɱɧɵɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨ

-ɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ° C^-2 0

ɍɌɀ ɗɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ

ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ %/° C 0

NM Ɇɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɫɩɟɤ

-ɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɲɭɦɚ — 1

T_MEASURED Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ° C —

T_ABS Ⱥɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ° C —

T_REL_GLOBAL Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ° C —

T_REL_LOCAL Ɋɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɭɫɬ

-ɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ-ɩɪɨɬɨɬɢɩɚ ° C —

ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɢ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ <ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ> ɨɩɭɳɟɧɨ, ɬɨ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɩɚɪɚ -ɦɟɬɪɭ <ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ>ɜ Ɉɦɚɯ. ȿɫɥɢ <ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ> ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɢ ɜ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɟ .MODEL ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭ -ɟɬ ɩɚɪɚɦ-ɟɬɪ Ɍɋȿ,ɬɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɪɚɜɟɧ

TF = 1 + Ɍɋ1

⋅

⁽Ɍ – TNOM)+TC2

⋅

^{(T – TNOM)2;}

ɟɫɥɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ Ɍɋȿ ɭɤɚɡɚɧ,ɬɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɪɚɜɟɧ TF =1,01TCE(T-TNOM)

.

Ɂɞɟɫɶ Ɍ — ɬɟɤɭɳɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ (ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɟ .TEMP); TNOM = 27 °ɋ — ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ (ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɤɧɟGlobal Settings).

ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ <ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ> ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ, ɧɨ ɧɟ ɪɚɜ -ɧɵɦ ɧɭɥɸ.ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ:

<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ>*R*ɌF*ɆF, ɝɞɟ ɆF=1±<ɪɚɡɛɪɨɫ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɚɯ, DEV ɢɥɢ LOT>/100.

ɋɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ ɇɚɣɤɜɢ -ɫɬɚ:

Si(f)=4kT/<ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ>*NM.

Ⱦɥɹ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ ɫ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ ɛɟɪɟɬɫɹ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ.

3.2.2. Ʌɩɨɟɠɨɬɛɭɩɫ (Capacitor) Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ ɫɯɟɦ ɆIɋROCAP:

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ PART: <ɢɦɹ>

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ VALUE: <ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ> [IC=< ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ>]

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ MODEL: [ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ]

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ FREQ: [<ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ>] — ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ 10*SQRT(f), ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ FREQɡɚɦɟɧɹɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ VALUE ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ Ⱥɋ-ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ (ɡɞɟɫɶ f — ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ), ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɚ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ VALUE.

ȿɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɚ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɚɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ <ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ>, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɟɟ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ 100+V(10)*0.002*TIME. ɗɬɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ. ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Ⱥɋ ɷɬɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ.

Ɋɢɫ. 3.2. Ɉɤɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɚ ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 3.2.

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3.2. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɚ

Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ

-ɧɨɫɬɶ Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ

Ɍ Ɇɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɵɣ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɶ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ — 1

VC1 Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ȼ^–1 0

VC2 Ʉɜɚɞɪɚɬɢɱɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ȼ^–2 0

ɍɌ1 Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɵɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ

ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ° ɋ^{–1 0}

ɍɌ2 Ʉɜɚɞɪɚɬɢɱɧɵɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢ

-ɟɧɬ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ° ɋ^{–2 0}

T_MEASURED Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ° ɋ ^—

T_ABS Ⱥɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ° ɋ ^—

T_REL_GLOBAL Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ° ɋ ^—

T_REL_LOCAL Ɋɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ

ɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ-ɩɪɨɬɨɬɢɩɚ ° ɋ ^—

ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɚ <ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ> ɨɩɭɳɟɧɨ, ɬɨ ɟɝɨ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɭ

<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ>ɜ ɮɚɪɚɞɚɯ,ɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɨɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ

<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ>

⋅

ɋ

⋅

^{(1 +VC}

⋅

^V+VC2

⋅

^{V2)[1 +TC1}

⋅

(T-TNOM)+TC2

⋅

^(T-TNOM)2].

Ɂɞɟɫɶ V — ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɟ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ.ɉɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ (ɪɟɠɢɦ Ⱥɋ) ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɨɣ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ.

3.2.3. Ɇɣɨɣɺ ɪɠɫɠɟɛɲɣ (Transmission line) Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ ɫɯɟɦ Ɇɋ:

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ PART: <ɢɦɹ>

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ VALUE: Z0=<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ> [ɌD=<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ>] [F=<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ> [NL=<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ>]] — ɞɥɹ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɬɟɪɶ;

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ VALUE: LEN=<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ> R=<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ> L=<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ> G=<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ>

C=<ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ> — ɞɥɹ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ ɫ ɩɨɬɟɪɹɦɢ; Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ MODEL: [ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ]

Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 3.5., ɚ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɞɥɢɧɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 3.5.

Ʌɢɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɬɟɪɶɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɪɨɥɶ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɡɚ -ɞɟɪɠɤɢ,ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɨɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɛɟɡɵɧɟɪɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɡɜɟɧɨ.

Ⱦɥɹɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ ɫ ɩɨɬɟɪɹɦɢɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɥɢɧɢɢ. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɚ ɫɜɟɪɬɤɢ ɫ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ Ɏɭɪɶɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢ -ɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ (ɱɬɨ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ). ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɥɢɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɬɟɪɶ — TLINE_01, TLINE_02, TLINE_03; ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɫ ɩɨɬɟɪɹɦɢ — TLINE_L_3.ɋɯɟɦɵ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɟ COMPONENTS\PASSIVE COMP.

Ɋɢɫ. 3.5. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3.5. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ

Ɉɛɨɡɧɚ-ɱɟɧɢɟ ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ

Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ-ɧɨɫɬɶ Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ Ƀɟɠɛɦɷɨɛɺ ɦɣɨɣɺ ɜɠɢ ɪɩɭɠɫɷ

Z0 ȼɨɥɧɨɜɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ Ɉɦ —

TD ȼɪɟɦɹ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɫ —

F ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ NL Ƚɰ —

NL ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɥɢɧɚ ɧɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ F (ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɜɨɥɧɵ) 0,25 Ɇɣɨɣɺ ɬ ɪɩɭɠɫɺɧɣ

R ɉɨɝɨɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ Ɉɦ/ɦ —

L ɉɨɝɨɧɧɚɹ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ Ƚɧ/ɦ —

G ɉɨɝɨɧɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɋɦ/ɦ —

Ɍ ɉɨɝɨɧɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ Ɏ/ɦ —

LEN Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɦ —

Ɋɢɫ. 3.6. Ɉɤɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ

3.2.4. ȿɣɩɟ (Diode) ɣ ɬɭɛɜɣɦɣɭɫɩɨ (Zener) Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ ɫɯɟɦ Ɇɋ:

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ PART: <ɢɦɹ>

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ VALUE: [Area] [OFF] [IC=<Vd>]

Ⱥɬɪɢɛɭɬ MODEL: [ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ]

ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪAreaɡɚɞɚɟɬ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɤɪɚɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɥ -ɥɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɢɨɞɨɜ (ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɞɢɨɞɚ ɭɦɧɨɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɟɥɹɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɷɬɭ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ). ɉɚɪɚ -ɦɟɬɪ IC ɡɚɞɚɟɬ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɞɢɨɞɟ Vd ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ,ɟɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ Transient Analysis Limits ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ ɨɩɰɢɹ Operating Point. ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɜɚ OFF ɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɞɢɨɞ ɢɡ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɢɬɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧ -ɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ.

Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɞɢɨɞɚ ɡɚɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɨɣ

.MODEL <ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ> 0[(ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ)]

ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɞɢɨɞɚ Ⱦ104Ⱥ:

.model D104A D (IS=5.81ȿ-12 RS=8.1 N=1.15 TT=8.28NS CJO=41.2PF VJ=0.71 M=0.33 FC=0.5 EG=1.11 XTI=3)

Ɇɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɞɢɨɞɚ ɡɚɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ,ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 3.6.

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3.6. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɞɢɨɞɚ

Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ

ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ȿɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ

Level Ɍɢɩ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ: 1 — SPICE2G, 2 — PSpice 1 —

IS Ɍɨɤ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ 27°ɋ 10^–14 Ⱥ

RS Ɉɛɴɟɦɧɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ 0 Ɉɦ

N Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɷɦɢɫɫɢɢ (ɧɟɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ) 1 —

ISR ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɬɨɤɚ ɪɟɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɰɢɢ 0 Ⱥ

NR Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɷɦɢɫɫɢɢ (ɧɟɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ)ɞɥɹ ɬɨɤɚ ISR 2

IKF ɉɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɤ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɢɧɠɟɤɰɢɢ ∞ Ⱥ

TT ȼɪɟɦɹ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɚ ɡɚɪɹɞɚ 0 ɫ

CJO Ȼɚɪɶɟɪɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɦ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ 0 Ɏ

VJ Ʉɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɚɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɜ 1 ȼ

M Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɥɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ p-n ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ (1/2 —ɞɥɹ

ɪɟɡɤɨɝɨ, 1/3 — ɩɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ) 0,5 —

EG ɒɢɪɢɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ 1,11 ɷȼ

FC Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɧɨɣ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ

ɩɪɹɦɨɫɦɟɳɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ 0,5 —

BV Ɉɛɪɚɬɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɨɹ (ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɟ

-ɥɢɱɢɧɚ) ∞ ȼ

IBV ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɤ ɩɪɨɛɨɹ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ

ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟ-ɧɢɸ BV (ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ) 10^-10 Ⱥ NBV Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɧɟɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɩɪɨɛɨɹ 1 —

IBVL ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɤ ɩɪɨɛɨɹ ɧɢɡɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ 0 Ⱥ

NBVL Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɧɟɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɩɪɨɛɨɹ

ɧɢɡɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ 1 —

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3.6. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɞɢɨɞɚ (ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟ)

XTI Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɬɨɤɚ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ IS 3 — TIKF Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɵɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ IKF 0 ° C^-1 TBV1 Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɵɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ BV 0 ° C^-1 TBV2 Ʉɜɚɞɪɚɬɢɱɧɵɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ BV 0 ° C^-1 TRS1 Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɵɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ RS 0 ° C^-1 TRS2 Ʉɜɚɞɪɚɬɢɱɧɵɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ RS 0 ° C^-2

KF Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɮɥɢɤɤɟɪ-ɲɭɦɚ 0 —

AF ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ ɮɥɢɤɤɟɪ-ɲɭɦɚ 1 —

RL ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɬɟɱɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ∞ Ɉɦ

T_MEASURED Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ — ° C

T_ABS Ⱥɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ — ° C

T_REL_GLOBAL Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ — ° C

T_REL_LOCL Ɋɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɞɢɨɞɚ ɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ

-ɩɪɨɬɨɬɢɩɚ — ° C

ɋ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɩɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɢɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɨɱɢɯ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ [4, 6].

Ɋɢɫ. 3.7. Ɉɤɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɢɨɞɚ Ɋɢɫ. 3.8. Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɞɢɨɞɚ

ɋɬɚɛɢɥɢɬɪɨɧɵ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɬɭ ɠɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɞɢɨɞɵ. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɬɪɨɧɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ BV — ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɛɨɹ, ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɧɨ ɠɟ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɨɞɚ. ɋɦ. ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɦɨɞɟ -ɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɯɟɦɧɵɟ ɮɚɣɥɵDIODE & ZENERɢɡ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɚ COMPONENTS\PASSIVE COMP.

Ⱦɢɨɞɵ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɜ ɦɟɧɸ COMPONENTS/Analog Primi-tives/Passive Components/Diode, COMPONENTS/Analog Library/DIODE (ɞɚɥɟɟ ɜ ɩɨɞɦɟɧɸ ɧɭɠɧɵɣ ɬɢɩ ɞɢɨɞɚ). ɋɬɚɛɢɥɢɬɪɨɧɵ — COMPONENTS/Analog Primitives/Passive Components/ZENER, COMPONENTS/Analog Library/Diode/ZENER.

ドキュメント内 MC8 (ページ 53-60)