車車間通信による車両情報を用いたリアルタイム交通流計測方式とその試作評価

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(1)2006−DPS−129（13） 2006／11／17. 社団法人情報処理学会研究報告 IPSJ SIG Technical Report. ゞゞ㑆ㅢାߦࠃࠆゞਔᖱႎࠍ↪޿ߚ࡝ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓ੤ㅢᵹ⸘᷹ᣇᑼߣߘߩ⹜૞⹏ଔ ⷏᧛ ⽕† ዊᴰ ኼ↵† Ỉᧄ Ả†† †᧲੩㔚ᯏᄢቇᄢᄢቇ㒮 ᖱႎࠪࠬ࠹ࡓᎿቇኾ᡹ ††ጤᚻ⋵┙ᄢቇ ࠰ࡈ࠻࠙ࠚࠕᖱႎቇㇱ [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ޽ࠄ߹ߒ ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems) ߢߪࠞ࡯࠽ࡆࠥ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩ㜞ᐲൻ߇⎇ⓥߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘VICS (Vehicle Information and Communication System) ߪᷦṛ㧘੐᡿ゞ㧘ㅢⴕᱛ߼▎ᚲࠍࠞ࡯࠽ࡆࠥ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦ⴫␜ߔࠆ੤ㅢᖱႎࠪ ࠬ࠹ࡓߣߒߡ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘㆏〝਄ߦ࠮ࡦࠨࠍ⸳⟎ߒߥߌࠇ߫੤ㅢ㊂ࠍ⸘᷹ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿㧚ߘߎߢゞਔᖱ ႎࠍ↪޿ߡ੤ㅢᵹࠍ⸘᷹ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ߇ⴕߥࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚VICS ࡊࡠ࡯ࡉߢߪゞਔߢ࠮ࡦࠪࡦࠣߐࠇߚ࠺࡯࠲㧔ࡊࡠ࡯ࡉ ࠺࡯࠲㧕ࠍ෼㓸ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡᓥ᧪ߩ VICS ߢߪᓧࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ੤ㅢᖱႎࠍขᓧߢ߈ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ࠗࡦ࠲࡯࠽ࡆ࡮ࡈ ࡠ࡯࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠞ࡯ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢߪ෼㓸ߒߚゞਔᖱႎߦࠃߞߡ࠮ࡦࠨ߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿⚻〝ߩ੤ㅢ㊂ࠍ᷹ቯߒ㧘੤ㅢᷦ ṛᖱႎࠍㅢ⍮ߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠄߪ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߦᖱႎࠍ෼㓸ߔࠆᒻᑼߢ޽ࠆ㧚ᧄⓂߢߪฦゞਔ߇ή✢ㅢାᯏེࠍ៞タߒߡ޿ࠆ ߽ߩߣߒ㧘ฦゞਔ߇ゞਔᖱႎࠍቯᦼ⊛ߦㅍାߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡઁゞਔߩᖱႎࠍฃାߒߚゞਔ߇࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ࠍ੺ߐߕߦ๟ ࿐ߩ੤ㅢᵹࠍ⋥ធ⸘᷹ߢ߈㧘࡝ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓߦ੤ㅢᷦṛᖱႎࠍㆇォᚻ߳ㅢ⍮ߔࠆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ᭴▽ᣇᴺࠍឭ᩺ߔࠆ㧚 ࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼ ゞゞ㑆ㅢା㧘ITS㧘੤ㅢᵹ᷹ቯ㧘੤ㅢᖱႎࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ㧘ゞਔᖱႎવ᠞ᣇᑼ. A Real-time Traffic Flow Measurement Method based on Inter-Vehicle Communication with Vehicle Information and Its Experimental Evaluation Takeshi Nishimura†. Hisao Koizumi†. Jun Sawamoto††. †Department of Computers and Systems Engineering, Tokyo Denki University ††Iwate Prefectural University Faculty of Software and Information Science [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract The upgrade car-navigation has been researched in ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems). VICS (Vehicle Information and Communication System) is traffic information system that shows clog, accident car, or closure on digital map of car navigation systems. However, VICS can not get traffic volume on road where sensor is not installed. Traffic flow measurement methods based on vehicle information have been researched. For example, Traffic information can be obtained in the VICS probe by vehicle probe data. The Inter-navi floating car system measures and transfer to drivers traffic information by collected vehicle information of road where sensor is not installed. These methods gather vehicle information to center. In this paper, we propose a real-time traffic flow measurement method based on inter-vehicle communication which receives other vehicle information without center and transfers the traffic jam information to drivers where it is assumed that wireless telecommunications equipment is installed in the vehicle. Keyword inter-vehicle communication, ITS㧘traffic flow measurement, traffic information system, vehicle Information diffusion method. 1. ߪ ߓ ߼ ߦ ⃻ ࿷ ߩ ITS ߢ ߪ ࠞ ࡯ ࠽ ࡆ ࠥ ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ ߩ 㜞 ᐲ ൻ ߇ ⴕ ߥ ࠊ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ 㧚VICS [1] ߪ ᷦ ṛ ᖱ ႎ ࠍ 㔚 ሶ ࿾࿑਄ߦ⴫␜ߒ㧘ㆇォᚻ߳ߩᷦṛᖱႎឭଏ߇ታ ⃻ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߎߩᷦṛᖱႎࠍ޽ࠄ߆ߓ߼⍮ࠆ ߎߣߦࠃߞߡ౞Ṗ߆ߟᔟㆡߥ⚻〝ㆬᛯࠍⴕ޿㧘 ᔃℂ⊛ߥ቟ቯᗵࠍ㜞߼ࠆߣߣ߽ߦ⋡⊛࿾೔㆐ᚲ ⷐ ᤨ 㑆 ࠍ ⍴ ❗ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ߢ ߈ ࠆ 㧚ߒ ߆ ߒ 㧘VICS ߢߪ࠮ࡦࠨ߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㆏〝એᄖߩᷦṛᖱ ႎߪ᷹ቯߢ߈ߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ゞਔ߇࠮ࡦࠪࡦࠣߒߚ ࠺࡯࠲ߢ޽ࠆࡊࡠ࡯ࡉ࠺࡯࠲ࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣߦࠃ ߞߡ㧘⸘᷹▸࿐ࠍᐢ߼㧘ᖱႎߩᱜ⏕ᕈࠍะ਄ߐ. ߖ ࠆ VICS ࡊ ࡠ ࡯ ࡉ ߇ ᬌ ⸛ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ 㧚 ߹ ߚ 㧘 ࠗࡦ࠲࡯࠽ࡆ࡮ࡈࡠ࡯࠺ࠖࡦࠣࠞ࡯ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢ ߪ 㧘඙ 㑆⿛ ⴕ ᤨ 㑆 ࠍ ෼ 㓸 ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ 㧘㔚 ሶ ࿾ ࿑ ਄ ߦ VICS ࡝ ࡦ ࠢ ឭ ଏ ᄖ ߩ ࡝ ࡦ ࠢ ߦ ᷦ ṛ ᖱႎࠍ⴫␜ߢ߈ࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠄߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߪ৻ᐲ࠮ ࡦ࠲࡯߳ᖱႎࠍ㓸߼㧘ᔅⷐߥᖱႎࠍฦゞਔ߳㈩ ା ߔ ࠆ ᣇ ᴺ ߛ ߇ 㧘 ITS ߩ ಽ ㊁ ߢ ߪ ࠗ ࡦ ࡈ ࡜ ߦ ଐ ሽߖߕ㧘ᖱႎࠍવ᠞ߔࠆᣇᴺߦゞゞ㑆ㅢାߩ⎇ ⓥ [2] ߇ ⴕ ߥ ࠊ ࠇ ߡ ߅ ࠅ 㧘ゞゞ㑆 ㅢ ା ߢ ߪ MANET ߩ ᛛ ⴚ ࠍ ↪ ޿ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ᵈ ⋡ ߐ ࠇ 㧘ゞ ਔ ߩ ߺ ߢ MANET ࠍ ᭴ ▽ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ゞ ਔ ห ჻߇ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍ੤឵㧘વ᠞ߔࠆ㧚ߎߩゞゞ㑆. −65− 1.

(2) ㅢାࠍ↪޿ߡゞਔᖱႎࠍવ᠞ߒ㧘ขᓧߒߚઁゞ ਔߩᖱႎߦࠃࠅ㧘੤ㅢ㊂ߩ⸘᷹߿ઁゞਔߩ᜼േ ࠍ ข ᓧ ߔ ࠆ ⎇ ⓥ [3] [4] [9] ߇ ⴕ ࠊ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ 㧚 ߎࠇࠄߩゞゞ㑆ㅢାߦࠃߞߡゞਔᖱႎࠍવ ᠞ߐߖ㧘੤ㅢᵹࠍ᷹ቯߒࠃ߁ߣߔࠆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ ᭴▽ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ᄢ߈ߊಽߌߡߩゞゞ㑆ㅢା ߦࠃࠆゞਔᖱႎߩ⺖㗴ߣવ᠞ᣇᴺߣ੤ㅢ㊂ߩ᷹ ቯᣇᴺߩ⺖㗴߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ㧚ゞਔᖱႎߩવ᠞ᣇ ᴺߪゞゞ㑆ㅢାߦࠃߞߡࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍવ᠞ߔࠆ ႐ว㧘ߔߴߡߩゞਔ߇⥄ゞએᄖߩゞਔߩᖱႎࠍ ขᓧߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ࡈ࡜࠶࠺ࠖࡦࠣᣇᑼ [8] ࠍ ↪ ޿ ߡ ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ࠍ વ ᠞ ߐ ߖ ࠆ 㧚 ࡈ ࡜ ࠶ ࠺ࠖࡦࠣߪㅍାࡁ࡯࠼߇๟࿐ߩゞਔ߳ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ ࠫࠍࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ߒ㧘ߘߩࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍฃ ାߒߚゞਔ߇ᣢߦฃାߒߚࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߢߥ޿㒢 ࠅ㧘ߐࠄߦߘߩࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ๟࿐߳ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍવ᠞ߐߖ ߡ޿ߊᣇᴺߢ޽ࠆ㧚㆏〝਄ߩᷦṛࠍฦゞਔ߇ㅍ ାߔࠆゞਔᖱႎߩㅍା㑆㓒ࠍ⍴ߊߒ㧘߆ߟㅍା บᢙ߇ᄢⷙᮨߩ႐ว㧘ࡈ࡜࠶࠺ࠖࡦࠣߢߪࡉࡠ ࡯ ࠼ ࠠ ࡖ ࠬ ࠻ ࠬ ࠻ ࡯ ࡓ ⃻ ⽎ [5] ߇ ⊒ ↢ ߒ 㧘ࡔ ࠶ ࠮࡯ࠫ߇વ᠞ߐࠇߥߊߥࠆߚ߼㧘વ᠞ᣇᴺࠍ೙ ᓮߔࠆ઀⚵ߺ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ㧚੤ㅢᵹߩ⸘᷹ᣇᴺ ߪή✢ㅢାᯏེ㕖៞タゞਔࠍ⠨߃㧘ゞਔኒᐲ߹ ߚߪ੤ㅢ㊂ࠍ⠨ᘦߖߕߦ੤ㅢᵹࠍ⸘᷹ߔࠆᣇᴺ ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ㧚 ╩⠪ࠄߪ⑽ࠝ࡯࠳࡯ߢゞਔᖱႎࠍવ᠞ߔࠆߎ ߣߦࠃߞߡゞਔᖱႎࠍฃାߒߚゞਔ߇๟࿐ߩᷦ ṛᖱႎࠍ⸃ᨆ㧘ขᓧߒ㧘࡝ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓߦㆇォᚻ ߳ᷦṛᖱႎࠍㅢ⍮ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅᷦṛߦᏎ߈ㄟ ߹ࠇࠆゞਔࠍ೥ᷫߔࠆߚ߼ߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍឭ᩺ߒ㧘 ߘߩਛߢゞਔᖱႎߩવ᠞ᣇᴺࠍឭ᩺㧘ႎ๔ߒߡ ߈ ߚ [12] 㧚 ߒ ߆ ߒ ߥ ߇ ࠄ 㧘 ߎ ߎ ߢ ߪ ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫߩ೥ᷫᣇᴺ߇ㅍାరߩゞਔߩߺߦ⛉ࠄࠇߡ߅ ࠅ㧘߆ߟࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦ߇ዊⷙᮨߢ◲ᤃ⊛ߥ ߽ߩߢ޽ߞߚߚ߼㧘ታ㓙ߩ੤ㅢ⁁ᘒ߆ࠄߪ߆ߌ 㔌ࠇߡ޿ߚ㧚ᧄⓂߢߪᣢߦฃାߒߚゞਔᖱႎࠍ ↪޿ߡવ᠞ߔࠆࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍ೥ᷫߒ㧘ታ㓙ߩ㔚 ሶ࿾࿑ࠍ↪޿ࠆ߆ߟᄢⷙᮨߥบᢙߢߩࠪࡒࡘ࡟ ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍⴕߥ޿㧘ゞਔᖱႎߩવ᠞ᣇᴺࠍ⹏ଔ ߔࠆ㧚. ฦゞਔߪㅍା㑆㓒ࠍ৻ቯߣߒ㧘⥄ゞਔ߇଻ᜬߔ ࠆߔߴߡߩઁゞਔߩᖱႎࠍ⥄ゞਔߩㅍା࠲ࠗࡒ ࡦࠣߢ๟࿐ߩゞਔߦㅍାߔࠆ㧚ߘߩߎߣߦࠃߞ ߡઁߩゞਔ߳ 2 ࡎ࠶ࡊએ਄ߪߥࠇߚゞਔߩᖱႎ ࠍવ㆐ߔࠆ㧚 RMDP [9] ߪ ㅍ ା 㑆㓒 ౝ ߩ ฃ ା ࠺ ࡯ ࠲ ᢙ ߅ ࠃ ߮ⴣ⓭ߒߚࠛ࡜࡯ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫᢙ߆ࠄᰴߩㅍା㑆㓒ࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆᣇᴺߢ޽ࠆ㧚ࠛ࡜࡯ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫᢙ ߦ㊀ߺઃߌࠍߒ㧘ฦゞਔ߇ㅍା㑆㓒ࠍ⺞▵ߔࠆ ߎߣߦࠃߞߡࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߩⴣ⓭₸ࠍૐߊߒ㧘ゞ ਔᖱႎࠍ㔌ࠇߚゞਔ߹ߢવ᠞ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ ࠆ㧚 ߎࠇࠄゞゞ㑆ㅢାߦࠃߞߡゞਔᖱႎࠍㅍାߔ ࠆ⎇ⓥߦ߅޿ߡߪવ᠞ߐߖࠆ⺖㗴ߣߒߡ⋡⊛ߦ ᔕ ߓ ߚ ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ߩ ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ࠨ ࠗ ࠭ 㧘ㅍ ା 㑆㓒㧘 વ᠞〒㔌㧘વ᠞ߩ࡝ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓᕈߩ࠻࡟࡯࠼ࠝ ࡈ߇㊀ⷐ੐㗄ߣߒߡߣࠅ޽ߍࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚. 3. ゞゞ㑆 ㅢ ା ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ࠍ ↪ ޿ ߚ ࡝ ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓ੤ㅢᵹ⸘᷹ᣇᑼ ឭ᩺ߔࠆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߪ࡝ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓᕈࠍ㊀ⷞ ߒ 㧘ゞゞ㑆 ㅢ ା ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ๟ ࿐ ߩ ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ߩ ข ᓧ 㧘 ⸘᷹ࠍⴕߥ޿㧘๟ㄝ㆏〝ߩ੤ㅢᵹࠍ࡝ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗ ࡓߦવ᠞㧘᷹ቯ㧘ㅢ⍮ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㆏〝਄ ߩ⓭⊒⊛ߥᷦṛࠍ࿁ㆱߒ㧘ᷦṛߦᏎ߈ㄟ߹ࠇࠆ ゞਔࠍシᷫߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ㧚ߎߩࠪࠬ࠹ ࡓࠍ᭴▽ߔࠆߚ߼ߦવ᠞ߔࠆゞਔᖱႎ㧘ゞਔᖱ ႎવ᠞ᣇᴺ㧘੤ㅢᵹ⸘᷹ᣇᴺߩ⸳⸘ࠍⴕߥ߁㧚. 3.1 વ ᠞ ߔ ࠆ ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ᧄ⎇ⓥߦ߅޿ߡゞゞ㑆ㅢାࠍ↪޿ߡવ᠞ߔ ࠆゞਔᖱႎ߅ࠃ߮ฦゞਔߩ៞タᯏེࠍ࿑ ߦ␜ ߔ㧚ゞਔ⼂೎ሶ㧘૏⟎㧘ㅦᐲ㧘ടㅦᐲ㧘ᣇ૏㧘 ㅍାᤨೞߢ޽ࠆ㧚 ⴡᤊ GPSⴡᤊ. ઁゞ䈻ゞਔᖱႎㅍା. ゞタᯏེ 䊶GPSฃାᯏ GPSฃାᯏ 䊶ή✢ㅢାᯏེ 䊶䉦䊷䊅䊎䉭䊷䉲䊢䊮. 2. 㑐 ㅪ ⎇ ⓥ ࿑ 1 ߦ㜞ㅦ㆏〝ߩࠃ߁ߥ⋥✢㆏〝ߦ߅޿ߡవ ⴕ ߩ ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ࠍ ข ᓧ ߔ ࠆ Traffic View ߩ વ ᠞ ᣇ ᴺ [3] ࠍ ␜ ߔ 㧚 V1. I1. I2. ㅍାゞਔᖱႎ 䊶ゞਔID 䊶ㅴⴕᣇะ 䊶ゞਔID 䊶ㅦᐲ 䊶૏⟎ 䊶ടㅦᐲ 䊶ㅍାᤨೞ. I1. V2. V1. I1 I2. I1. V1 V2. V2. I3 V3. V3. I1 I2. I2 I3. In: Information of Vehicle n : Vehicle n. Vn. ࿑ 1. Traffic View ߩ વ ᠞ ᣇ ᴺ. V3. I1 I2 I3. ࿑ 2. વ ᠞ ߔ ࠆ ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ߣ ៞ タ ᯏ ེ ฦゞਔߦߪ⼂೎ሶ߇⸳ቯߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ㅍାߐ ࠇߚゞਔᖱႎ߇ߤߩゞਔߩ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ߆ࠍ್೎ ߢ ߈ ࠆ ߽ ߩ ߣ ߔ ࠆ 㧚߹ ߚ 㧘ฦ ゞ ਔ ߪ GPS (Global Positioning System) ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ゞ ਔ ߩ ⿛ ⴕ ૏ ⟎ ࠍ ․ ቯ ߢ ߈ ࠆ ߽ ߩ ߣ ߔ ࠆ 㧚GPS ߩ ߺ ߩ ૏ ⟎ ᷹ ቯ ߢ ߪ ᷹ ቯ ⺋ Ꮕ ߇ ᢙ m㨪 ᢙ ච m ߦ ߥ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ޽ ࠆ ߇ 㧘 PAS (Positioning Augmentation Services) [11] ߥ ߤ ߩ FKP ᣇ ᑼ ࠍ ↪ ޿ ߚ 㜞 ♖ ᐲ ૏ ⟎ ᷹ ቯ ᣇ ᴺ ߇ ޽ ࠅ 㧘ゞ ਔ ߩ ૏ ⟎ ߪ cm ߩ ⺋ Ꮕ ߢ ゞ ਔ ߩ ✲ ᐲ 㧘 ⚻ᐲࠍ⍮ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ቯὐ᷹ⷰߦࠃ. −66− 2.

(3) ࠆ⵬ᱜߢߪߥߊ㧘Ḱᄤ㗂ⴡᤊߦࠃߞߡࠗࡦࡈ࡜ ߦଐሽߖߕ㧘᷹ቯ⺋Ꮕࠍᷫࠄߔߎߣ߇ᬌ⸛ߐࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ 㧚߹ ߚ 㧘GPS ߢ ߪ GPS ⴡ ᤊ ߆ ࠄ ㅍ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ߈ߚᤨೞᖱႎߦࠃߞߡゞタࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲ߩ‛ℂ ᤨ ⸘ ࠍ GPS ߩ ᤨ ೞ ߣ ᢙ μ ⑽ ߩ ♖ ᐲ ߢ ᤨ ೞ ห ᦼ ߔ ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚ߘߩߚ߼ฦゞਔߪࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ ߦઃടߐࠇߚㅍାᤨೞߣฃାᤨೞߪǴ⑽ࠝ࡯࠳ ࡯ߩ▸࿐ߢࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ߇೔㆐ߔࠆ߹ߢߩᤨೞࠍ ⍮ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚ㅦᐲ㧘ടㅦᐲߪ⃻࿷ߩゞਔ ߢ࠮ࡦࠪࡦࠣߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘੤ㅢᵹࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߣ ߈ߪኒᐲߛߌߢߥߊ㧘ゞਔߩ᜼േࠍ↪޿ߡ੤ㅢ ᵹࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ฦゞਔߪゞਔᖱႎવ㆐ߩ ߚ߼ߩή✢ㅢାᯏེࠍ៞タߒ㧘㔚ሶ࿾࿑ߪᦨᣂ ߢ޽ࠆ߽ߩߣߔࠆ㧚⴫ 1 ߦゞਔᖱႎߩ଻ᜬౝኈ ଀ࠍ␜ߔ㧚 ⴫ 1. ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ข ᓧ ৻ ⷩ ⼂೎ ሶ 1001 1002 1022. ㅦ ᐲ 30 45 20. ടㅦᐲ 5 2.5 -5. ㅴⴕ ᣇะ 2.45 3.43 0.03. ✲ᐲ. ⚻ᐲ. 25.44 25.43 25.45. 136.44 136.45 136.39. ㅍା ᤨೞ 120030 120040 120115. ߎࠇࠄߩゞਔᖱႎߪ๟࿐ߩゞਔ߆ࠄࡔ࠶࠮࡯ ࠫࠍฃାߔࠆߚ߮ߦห৻ゞਔ⼂೎ሶߩゞਔᖱႎ ߇ᦝᣂߐࠇ㧘ᣂⷙゞਔ⼂೎ሶߪㅊടߐࠇࠆ㧚߹ ߚ㧘๟࿐ߩゞਔߩゞਔᖱႎߩߺࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘੤ㅢ ㊂ ࠍ ᷹ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ߚ ߼ 㧘10 ಽ 㑆 ⚻ ㆊ ߒ ߡ ߽ ฃ ା ߒ ߥ ޿࠺࡯࠲ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ๟࿐ߦ޿ߥ޿߽ߩߣ್ᢿߒ㧘 ࠺࡯࠲ߪㅙᰴ೥㒰ߐࠇࠆ߽ߩߣߔࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ข ᓧ ߔ ࠆ ๟ ࿐ ߩ ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ߣ ߪ ⥄ ゞ ਔ ߆ ࠄ 3km એ ౝ ߩ㆏〝ߣ઒ቯߔࠆ㧚. ࡁ࡯࠼߇ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍㅍାߒ㧘ߘߩࡔ࠶࠮࡯ ࠫࠍࡈ࡜࠶࠺ࠖࡦࠣߦࠃߞߡવ᠞ߐߖࠆ႐ว㧘 ㅍା㑆㓒߇⍴޿⁁ᴫߢߪࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ߇ⴣ⓭ߒ㧘 ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍવ᠞ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿ߚ߼㧘 MANET ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ࡉ ࡠ ࡯ ࠼ ࠠ ࡖ ࠬ ࠻ ߩ ല ₸ ൻ ߩ ⎇ ⓥ [10] ߇ ⴕ ߥ ࠊ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ 㧚 ߘ ߎ ߢ ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪゞਔ࿕᦭ߩᖱႎߢ޽ࠆㅦᐲ㧘ടㅦᐲ㧘ᣇะࠍ ↪޿ߡ⋧ᚻߩ૏⟎ࠍ੍᷹ߒ㧘ࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍ೥ᷫߔࠆᣇᴺࠍឭ᩺ߔࠆ㧚 ฦゞਔ߇៞タߔࠆㅢାᯏེߩㅢା▸࿐ࠍǩ [m]ߣ ߒ 㧘ゞ ਔ V n ߇ GPSߥ ߤ ߆ ࠄ ข ᓧ ߒ ߚ ૏ ⟎ ᖱ ႎ ࠍ x n 㧘y n 㧘ㅦ ᐲ ࠍ v n [km/h]㧘ട ㅦ ᐲ ࠍ a n [km/h/s]㧘 ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ m n ߩ ㅍ ା ᤨ ೞ ࠍ S n [ms]㧘ゞ ਔ V n ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ᓟ ߦ ฃ ା ߒ ߚ ゞ ਔVm ߩ ㅍ ା ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ฃା ᤨ ೞ ࠍ R m [ms]ߣ ߔ ࠆ 㧚ߘ ߩ ߣ ߈ ߩ ゞ ਔ V n ߩ ⒖ േ 〒㔌 l n [m]ࠍ ᰴ ᑼ ߢ ⴫ ߔ ߎ ߣ ߇ ߢ ߈ ࠆ 㧚. ln. ( Xm Xn )2 (Ym Yn )2 dǩn ߹ ߚ ߪ. (xl Xm )2 ( yl Ym )2 !ǩl 㨯㨯㨯(3) ࿑ 3 ߦゞਔV3ߣV1ߩゞਔᖱႎࠍゞਔV2߇ߔߢ ߦ ฃ ା ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ⁁ ᘒ ߢ ゞ ਔ V3 ߣ V1 ߩ ੍ ᷹ ૏ ⟎ ߦ ࠃ ࠅ 㧘ゞ ਔ V 3 ߇ ゞ ਔ V 1 ߩ ㅍ ା ▸ ࿐ ౝ ߦ ޿ ࠆ ߩ ߆ࠍ್೎ߒ㧘ࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ࠍⴕࠊߥ޿଀ࠍ ␜ߔ㧚㱍 X3䋬Y3. 㨯㨯㨯(1). ߹ ߚ 㧘 ⚻ ✢ ࠍ yゲ㧘 ✲ ✢ ࠍ xゲ ߣ ߒ 㧘ゞ ਔ V n ߩ ㅴ ⴕ ᣇ ะ ࠍ ș n [rad]ߣ ߔ ࠆ ߣ 㧘l n [m]ߛ ߌ ⒖ േ ᓟ ߩ ੍᷹૏⟎XnߣYnߪᰴᑼߢ⴫ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚. Xn xn ln cosǰn 㨯㨯㨯(2) yn ln sinǰn. Yn. −67− 3. V1 V1. x1䋬y1. V1 m0. 32㩷ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ߩ ೥ ᷫ. 1 vn (Rm Sn ) an (Rm Sn ) 2 2 3600. ࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍฃାߒߚゞ ਔߪ଻ᜬߒߡ޿ࠆߔߴߡߩゞਔߩᖱႎ߇એਅߩ ᧦ઙߩߣ߈㧘ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ߒ ߥ޿㧚ߚߛߒ㧘1 ࡎ࠶ࡊౝߩゞਔVnߣVmߩᖱႎ ߪߔߢߦฃାߒߡ଻ᜬߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߣߒ㧘ࡉࡠ ࡯ ࠼ ࠠ ࡖ ࠬ ࠻ ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ࠍ ㅍ ା ߒ ߚ ゞ ਔ Vn ߩ ੍᷹૏⟎ࠍXn㧘Yn㧘ゞਔVmߩ੍᷹૏⟎ࠍXm㧘 Ym㧘ㅍା್ቯࠍⴕߥ߁ゞਔVlߩ⃻࿷૏⟎ࠍxl㧘 ylߣߔࠆ㧚. V2. 㱔3. l1. V3. 㱔1. l3. V3. x3䋬y3. X3䋬Y3. m1. V2. V3 m3. m0. m0. mn: message of Vn. time. ࿑ 3. ឭ ᩺ ᴺ ᑼ ߩ ࡉ ࡠ ࡯ ࠼ ࠠ ࡖ ࠬ ࠻ ್ ೎ ᴺ ߹ߚ㧘ゞਔᖱႎࠍฃାߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚゞਔߦ㑐 ߒߡߪ⋧ᚻߩ૏⟎ࠍ᷹ቯߢ߈ߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ゞਔߪ ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿߽ߩߣߒ㧘ࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ࠍⴕߥ ࠊߥ޿㧚ឭ᩺ᣇᑼߢߪߔߢߦฃାߒ㧘଻ᜬߒߡ ޿ࠆゞਔᖱႎߦࠃߞߡ⋧ᚻߩ૏⟎ࠍ੍᷹ߒ㧘ࡉ ࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻್ቯࠍⴕߥ߁㧚ࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ ࠻ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍㅍାߒߚゞਔ߇ゞਔᖱႎߩ⊒ା Ḯߩ႐ว㧘⋥ធㅍାߐࠇߚゞਔᖱႎࠍ↪޿ߡࡉ ࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ߩ್ቯࠍⴕߥ߁㧚 ឭ᩺ᣇᑼߢߪࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍવ᠞ߐߖࠆ႐ว㧘 ㅢା㐿ᆎᤨߪ 1 ࡎ࠶ࡊౝߦሽ࿷ߔࠆゞਔࠍ․ቯ ߢ߈ߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ㅍାర߆ࠄㅍࠄࠇߡ߈ߚࡔ࠶࠮ ࡯ࠫએᄖߩࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߩવ᠞ࠍⴕߥࠊߥ޿㧚 1 ࡎ࠶ࡊౝߩゞਔ߆ࠄࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍฃߌขࠆ೨ߩ ⁁ᘒࠍḰ஻Ბ㓏ߣߒ㧘Ḱ஻Ბ㓏ࠍ࿑ 4 ߦ␜ߔ㧚 Ḱ஻Ბ㓏ߩ 1 ࡎ࠶ࡊౝߩゞਔߩ࠺࡯࠲ࠍขᓧߢ ߈ߚ⁁ᘒࠍታⴕᲑ㓏ߣߒ㧘ታⴕᲑ㓏ߣߥߞߚゞ ਔ߇વ᠞น⢻⁁ᘒߣߥࠆ㧚.

(4) ra di us C om m un ic at io n diffusion stop. : Vehicle. : diffusion message. : Out of range Vehicle. ࿑ 4. ㅢ ା 㐿 ᆎ ᤨ ߩ Ḱ ஻ Ბ 㓏. 33 ࡝ ࠕ ࡞ ࠲ ࠗ ࡓ ੤ ㅢ ᵹ ⸘ ᷹ ᣇ ᴺ ৻⥸ߦ㆏〝㧔࡝ࡦࠢ㧕ߩゞਔኒᐲ߇Ⴧടߔࠆ ߦߟࠇߡ㧘੤ㅢᵹ߇Ⴧടߒ㧘޽ࠆ৻ቯߩゞਔኒ ᐲ߆ࠄ੤ㅢᵹ߇ᷫዋߒߡ޿ߊ㧚ߎࠇߪ࡝ࡦࠢߦ ߅ߌࠆゞਔኒᐲ߇৻ቯߩഀวࠍ⿧߃ࠆߣ㆏〝߇ ᷙ㔀ߒ㧘ᷦṛ߇⊒↢ߔࠆ㧚੤ㅢᵹߩ⸘᷹ߢߪߔ ߴߡߩゞਔߩ૏⟎ࠍ⸘᷹ߒ㧘ゞਔኒᐲߦࠃߞߡ ᷦṛࠍ⸘᷹ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߇㧘ή✢ㅢାᯏེ ߇ߔߴߡߩゞਔߦ៞タߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว㧘ߔߴ ߡߩゞਔߩᖱႎࠍขᓧߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿㧚ߘ ߎߢᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪゞਔߩㅦᐲ㧘ടㅦᐲ㧘ᣇะ㧘૏ ⟎ࠍ↪޿ߡ⃻࿷ߩ੤ㅢᵹࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆᣇᴺࠍឭ᩺ ߔࠆ㧚 ࡝ࡦࠢ਄ߢᷦṛⷐ⚛ߣߥࠅ߁ࠆゞਔࠍቯ⟵ߔ ࠆ 㧚੤ ㅢ ᖱ ႎ ߩ ឭ ଏ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ゞ ਔ ㅦ ᐲ ߪ 10km/h એਅߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᷦṛ▎ᚲߢߪടㅦᐲ߇ૐߊߥࠆߣ ᗐ ቯ ߒ 㧘ㅦ ᐲ 10km/h એ ਅ 㧘ട ㅦ ᐲ 5km/h/s એ ਅ ߩߣ߈߇ᷦṛⷐ⚛ߢ޽ࠆߣߔࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘੤Ꮕὐ ઃㄭߢߪାภᓙߜߢ஗ゞߒߡ޿ࠆᕟࠇ߇޽ࠆߚ ߼ 㧘࡝ ࡦ ࠢ ߏ ߣ ߦ ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ߩ ㊀ ߺ ઃ ߌ ࠍ ⴕ ߥ ߁ 㧚 ࿑ 5 ߦ࡝ࡦࠢߩ㊀ߺઃߌ଀ࠍ␜ߔ㧚ㅴⴕᣇะߩ ੤Ꮕὐઃㄭߩ㊀ߺઃߌࠍૐߊߒ㧘࡝ࡦࠢߩ಴ญ ઃㄭߩᖱႎߪ࡝ࡦࠢߩᷦṛᖱႎߦ߅޿ߡ㊀ⷐߢ ߪߥߊ㧘࡝ࡦࠢߩ౉ࠅญઃㄭߩᷦṛᖱႎࠍ㊀ⷐ ߣߔࠆ㧚 max. weighted parameter. direction of movement. min. low speed vehicle. road length. ࿑ 5. ࡝ ࡦ ࠢ ૏ ⟎ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ㊀ ߺ ઃ ߌ ᷦṛⷐ⚛ߣߒߡ್ቯߐࠇߚゞਔߩ૏⟎ߦࠃ ࠅ㧘࡝ࡦࠢౝߢߩᖱႎߩ㊀ߺઃߌࠍⴕߥ߁㧚߹ ߚ 㧘 ⸘ ᷹ ߒ ߚ ᷦ ṛ ᖱ ႎ ߪ 㔚 ሶ ࿾ ࿑ ਄ ߦ VICS ߣ หߓࠃ߁ߦᷦṛ߇⿠߈ߡ޿ࠆ࡝ࡦࠢߩᮮߦ⿒⦡ ߩ⍫ශߢ⴫␜ߔࠆ㧚. ฦࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩ⸳ቯࠍએਅߦ␜ߔ㧚㧔㧝㧕౒ㅢ⸳ቯ ࡮ ㅍାࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߪࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ࡔ࠶࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ߩ ߚ ߼ CSMA/CA ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ACK ߩ ㄰ ା ߪ ⴕߥࠊߥ޿㧚ⴣ⓭ߪࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߩฃା஥ߢ ⴕߥ߁㧚 ࡮ ゞ ਔ ߩ ㅢ ା ▸ ࿐ ߪ ඨ ᓘ 200m ߣ ߒ 㧘㔚 ᵄ ߩ ᷫ⴮₸ߪ⠨ᘦߒߥ޿㧚 ࡮ ㅍ ା ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ߪ 1kbyte㧘 ㅍ ା ߦ ߪ 1ms ߩ ᤨ 㑆߇߆߆ࠆߣᗐቯߔࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ㅍฃߪㅢା ᤨ ߦ ฦ ゞ ਔ ߇ 1ms ߩ ᤨ 㑆 ࠍ භ ᦭ ߔ ࠆ ◲ ᤃ ⊛ ߥࡕ࠺࡞ߣߔࠆ㧚 ࡮ ߔ ߴ ߡ ߩ ゞ ਔ ߩ ㅍ ା 㑆㓒 ࠍ 1[s]㨪 10[s]ߦ ࿕ ቯ ߒ 㧘ߘ ߩ ㅍ ା 㑆㓒 ߢ 5 ಽ 㑆 ߕ ߟ ᷹ ቯ ߔ ࠆ 㧚 ࡮ ฦ ゞ ਔ ߪ ㅦ ᐲ ࠍ 0km/h㨪 50km/h ߹ ߢ ᄌ ൻ ߐ ߖ 㧘੤ Ꮕ ὐ ઃ ㄭ ߢ ߪ 20km/h㧘ା ภ ᯏ ߇ ⿒ ߩ ੤ Ꮕ ὐ ߢ ߪ 0km/h㧘 ߘ ߩ ઁ ⥄ ↱ ⿛ ⴕ ߩ ႐ ว ߪ 50km/h ߦ ෼ ᧤ ߔ ࠆ ◲ ᤃ ⊛ ߥ ゞ ਔ ࡕ ࠺ ࡞ ߣߔࠆ㧚 ࡮ ࡈ࡜࠶࠺ࠖࡦࠣᣇᑼߣᧄᣇᑼߢ⹏ଔࠍⴕ߁㧚 ࡮ ᷹ቯ㗄⋡ߪࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫⴣ⓭₸㧘ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ વ᠞₸㧘✚ㅍฃା㊂ߢ޽ࠆ㧚 ࡮ 〒㔌 ߦ ࠃ ࠆ વ ᠞ ೙ ᓮ ࠍ ⴕ ߥ ࠊ ߥ ޿ 㧚 3km એ ਄ߩゞਔᖱႎ߽ฃାኻ⽎ߣߔࠆ㧚㧔㧞㧕⋥✢㆏〝 ࡮ ㆏ 〝㐳 ߪ 1km㧘 2 ゞ ✢ ߢ ߎ ߩ ㆏ 〝 ਄ ࠍ ゞ ਔ ߪᓔᓳߔࠆ㧚 ࡮ ゞ ਔ บ ᢙ 100 บ ࠍ ㆏ 〝 ਄ ߦ ㈩ ⟎ ߔ ࠆ 㧚 ࡮ ା ภ ߪ ਔ ┵ ߦ 2 ୘ ⸳ ⟎ ߒ 㧘ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ 20 ⑽ 㑆㓒ߢ⿒Њ㕍ߦᄌൻߔࠆ㧚㧔㧟㧕ታ㓙ߩ㔚ሶ࿾࿑ ࡮ 㔚ሶ࿾࿑ߪၯ₹⋵Ꮉ⿧Ꮢࠍᗐቯߒ㧘ゞਔߪ ߎߩ࿾࿑਄ࠍ࡜ࡦ࠳ࡓߦ⒖േߔࠆ㧚 ࡮ ゞ ਔ บ ᢙ 3000 บ ࠍ ㆏ 〝 ਄ ߦ ㈩ ⟎ ߔ ࠆ 㧚 ࡮ ା ภ ᯏ ߪ ࿖ ㆏ ߩ ߺ ߦ 10 ୘ ⸳ ⟎ ߒ 㧘 20 ⑽ 㑆㓒ߢ⿒Њ㕍ߦᄌൻߔࠆ㧚 ࿑ 6 ߦࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߩㅍฃାߦ߅ߌࠆࠪࡒࡘ࡟ ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ ࡕ ࠺ ࡞ ࠍ ␜ ߔ 㧚ฦ ゞ ਔ ߪ 1ms 㑆㓒 ߢ ⒖ േ ߒ 㧘 1ms 㑆㓒 ߩ ᤨ 㑆 ⚻ ㆊ ߩ ޿ ߕ ࠇ ߆ ߢ ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ࠫࠍㅍାߔࠆ㧚ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߩⴣ⓭ߪฃା஥ߢ ⴕ޿㧘⥄ゞਔߩㅍାᤨߦઁߩゞਔ߆ࠄࡔ࠶࠮࡯ ࠫࠍฃߌขߞߚ႐ว߽ㅍାゞਔߪࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ߇ ⴣ⓭ߒߚߣ್ᢿߔࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘࿑ 7 ߦᎹ⿧Ꮢߩ㔚 ሶ ࿾ ࿑ ࠍ ␜ ߔ 㧚 ߎ ߩ 㔚 ሶ ࿾ ࿑ ߪ 11077 ୘ ߩ ࡝ ࡦ ࠢߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚 Vl. Vm ml. mm. Vn mn. mm 1ms. 4. ࠪ ࡒ ࡘ ࡟ ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ⹏ ଔ ߣ ⠨ ኤ 41㩷 ࠪ ࡒ ࡘ ࡟ ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ ᣇ ᴺ. time. ࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢߪ⋥✢㆏〝ߩ႐วߣታ㓙 ߩ㔚ሶ࿾࿑ࠍ↪޿ߚ႐วࠍᗐቯߒ㧘ߘߩ㆏〝਄ ࠍ ⒖ േ ߔ ࠆ ゞ ਔ ࠍ ㈩ ⟎ ߒ 㧘વ ᠞ ᣇ ᴺ ࠍ ⹏ ଔ ߔ ࠆ 㧚. 4 −68−. : Collision of messages. mm : message of Vn. ࿑ 6. ࠪ ࡒ ࡘ ࡟ ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ ߩ ㅍ ฃ ା ࡕ ࠺ ࡞.

(5) 㪚㫆㫃㫃㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㪆㩷㪻㫀㪽㪽㫌㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㩷㫆㪽㩷㫃㫀㫅㪼㩷㫊㫀㫄㫌㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪚㫆㫃㫃㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㪆㩷㪻㫀㪽㪽㫌㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㩷㪲㩼㪴. 㪈㪇㪇㪽㫃㫆㫆㪻㫀㫅㪾㪑㪺㫆㫃㫃㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆. 㪐㪌㪐㪇. 㪽㫃㫆㫆㪻㫀㫅㪾㪑㪻㫀㪽㪽㫌㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆. 㪏㪌㪏㪇. 㪸㫇㫉㫆㪸㪺㪿㫄㪼㫋㪿㫆㪻㪑㪺㫆㫃㫃㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㪸㫇㫇㫉㫆㪸㪺㪿㫄㪼㫋㪿㫆㪻㪑㪻㫀㪽㪽㫌㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆. 㪎㪌㪎㪇㪍㪌㪍㪇㪇. 㪈. 㪉. 㪊. 㪋. 㪌. 㪍. 㪎. 㪏. 㪐. 㪈㪇. 㪠㫅㫋㪼㫉㫍㪸㫃㩷㪲㫊㪴. ࿑ 7. Ꮉ ⿧ Ꮢ ߩ 㔚 ሶ ࿾ ࿑. ࿑ 10. ⋥ ✢ ㆏ 〝 ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ⴣ ⓭ ₸ ߣ વ ᠞ ₸. ᚒ‫⎇ߩޘ‬ⓥቶߢߪ⚻〝ត⚝ߩ⹏ଔ߿ᧄ⎇ⓥߩ ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ⚵ߺㄟ߻ߚ߼ߦࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲਄ߢേ ૞ߔࠆࡊࡠ࠻࠲ࠗࡊࠞ࡯࠽ࡆࠥ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠪࠬ࠹ ࡓࠍ㐿⊒ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎࠇߪࠞ࡯࠽ࡆࠥ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ ߩၮᧄᯏ⢻ߣߒߡ࿾࿑ߩ⴫␜߅ࠃ߮⒖േߣ᜛ᄢ ❗ ዊ 㧘⚻ 〝 ត ⚝ 㧘GPS ฃ ା ᯏ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ૏ ⟎ ߩ ᷹ ቯ 㧘 ᣉ ⸳ ߩ ᬌ ⚝ ╬ ߩ ᯏ ⢻ ࠍ ᦭ ߔ ࠆ 㧚࿑ 8 ߦ ࡊ ࡠ ࠻ ࠲ ࠗࡊࠞ࡯࠽ࡆࠥ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩታⴕ↹㕙ࠍ␜ߔ㧚ᧄ ⎇ⓥߩࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߪߎߩ࠽ࡆࠥ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦ៞タߐࠇߚ㔚ሶ࿾࿑߅ࠃ߮ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ ࡈࠚ࡯ࠬࠍ↪޿ߡⴕߥ߁㧚. ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߩㅍା㊂ߪㅍାߒߚࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠ ࡖࠬ࠻ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍ⴫ߔ㧚ฃା㊂ߪⴣ⓭߇⊒↢ ߒߥ߆ߞߚࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߩฃା㊂ࠍ␜ߒ㧘ࡔ࠶࠮ ࡯ࠫߩⴣ⓭₸ߪฃାᚑഞࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫᢙߣ✚ฃା ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫᢙ߆ࠄ᳞߼ߚ㧚વ᠞₸ߪㅍାరߩゞ ਔᖱႎ߇ゞਔߦዯ޿ߚ߆ࠍ⴫ߒ㧘ߔߴߡ߆ࠄߩ ㊀ⶄએᄖߩゞਔᖱႎߩᦝᣂ࿁ᢙ߆ࠄ᳞߼ߚ㧚 ࿑ 9 ߩࡈ࡜࠶࠺ࠖࡦࠣߣឭ᩺ᣇᑼߩ✚ㅍฃା ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ߆ࠄឭ᩺ᣇᑼߢߪࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ߇ዋߥ޿ߦ߽߆߆ࠊࠄߕ㧘ฃାࡔ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ᢙ ߇ ߶ ߷ ╬ ߒ ޿ 㧚ߎ ࠇ ߪ ࿑ 10 ߩ ⴣ ⓭ ₸ ߇ 98㧑 ߆ ࠄ 91㧑 ߦ シ ᷫ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ߎ ߣ ߆ ࠄ ߽ ࠊ ߆ ࠆ ࠃ߁ߦή㚝ߥࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍ೥ ᷫߒߚߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ゞਔߩฃାߔࠆࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ ᢙ߇ะ਄ߒߚߎߣࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߟ߹ࠅන⚐ߥ ࡈ࡜࠶࠺ࠖࡦࠣࠃࠅ߽ឭ᩺ᣇᑼߩᣇ߇ኒ㓸࿾Ꮺ ߢゞਔᖱႎࠍᄙߊขᓧߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ㧚 ࿑ 10 ߢ ߪ ㅍ ା 㑆㓒 ߇ 㐳 ߊ ߥ ࠆ ߦ ߟ ࠇ ߡ ข ᓧ ߢ߈ࠆゞਔᖱႎ߇ะ਄ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ㧚 ㅍା㑆㓒߇㐳ߊߥࠆߦߟࠇߡࡈ࡜࠶࠺ࠖࡦࠣឭ ᩺ᣇᑼߣ߽ߦⴣ⓭₸߇シᷫߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߦ߽߆ ߆ࠊࠄߕ㧘વ᠞₸߇ะ਄ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߎࠇߪㅍ ା㑆㓒߇㐳ߊߥࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡゞਔᖱႎㅍାర ห჻߇หߓ࠲ࠗࡒࡦࠣߢㅍାߔࠆ⏕₸߇ᷫߞߚ ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߟ߹ࠅ㧘ㅍା㑆㓒߇⍴ㆊ߉㧘߆ߟ ゞਔ߇ኒ㓸ߒߡ޿ࠆ႐ว㧘વ᠞ߔࠆ೨ߦࡔ࠶࠮ ࡯ࠫ߇ⴣ⓭ߒߡߒ߹߁ߚ߼㧘1 ࡎ࠶ࡊౝߩゞਔ ߢߔࠄゞਔᖱႎࠍขᓧߔࠆߎߣ߇㔍ߒߊߥࠅ㧘 ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ߇વ᠞ߐࠇߥߊߥࠆ㧚 ࿑ 11㧘12 ߦ Ꮉ ⿧ Ꮢ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ߩ ㅍ ฃ ା㊂㧘ⴣ⓭₸㧘વ᠞₸ࠍ␜ߔ㧚. ࿑ 8.ࡊ ࡠ ࠻ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ࠞ ࡯ ࠽ ࡆ ࠥ ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ ታ ⴕ ↹ 㕙. 4.2 ⹏ ଔ ߣ ⠨ ኤ ࿑ 9㧘 10 ߦ ⋥ ✢ ㆏ 〝 ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ߩ ✚ ㅍฃା㊂㧘ⴣ⓭₸㧘વ᠞₸ࠍ␜ߔ㧚㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㫊㪼㫅㪻㩷㪆㩷㫉㪼㪺㪼㫀㫍㪼㪻㩷㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㫃㫀㫅㪼㩷㫊㫀㫄㫌㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪽㫃㫆㫆㪻㫀㫅㪾㪑㩷㫋㫆㫋㪸㫃㫊㪼㫅㪻㩷㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼. 㪋. 㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㫊㪼㫅㪻㩷㪆㩷㫉㪼㪺㪼㫀㫍㪼㪻㩷㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㪢㪸㫎㪸㪾㫆㪼㫊㪿㫀㫊㫀㫄㫌㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪏. 㪽㫃㫆㫆㪻㫀㫅㪾㪑㩷㫋㫆㫋㪸㫃㫉㪼㪺㪼㫀㫍㪼㪻㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼. 㪊. 㪸㫇㫇㫉㫆㪸㪺㪿㫄㪼㫋㪿㫆㪻㪑㩷㫊㪼㫅㪻㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼. 㪉㪈㪇㪈. 㪉. 㪊. 㪋. 㪌. 㪍. 㪎. 㪏. 㪐. 㪈㪇. 㪽㫃㫆㫆㪻㫀㫅㪾㪑㩷㫋㫆㫋㪸㫃㫊㪼㫅㪻㩷㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼. 㪎. 㪭㫆㫃㫌㫄㪼㩷㫆㪽㩷㫋㫆㫋㪸㫃㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼㩷㪲㪞㪙㫐㫋㪼㪴. 㪭㫆㫃㫌㫄㪼㩷㫆㪽㩷㫋㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼㩷㪲㪞㪙㫐㫋㪼㪴. 㪌. 㪸㫇㫇㫉㫆㪸㪺㪿㫄㪼㫋㪿㫆㪻㪑㫉㪼㪺㪼㫀㫍㪼㪻㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼. 㪠㫅㫋㪼㫉㫍㪸㫃㩷㪲㫊㪴. 㪍. 㪽㫃㫆㫆㪻㫀㫅㪾㪑㩷㫋㫆㫋㪸㫃㫉㪼㪺㪼㫀㫍㪼㪻㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼. 㪌㪋. 㪸㫇㫇㫉㫆㪸㪺㪿㫄㪼㫋㪿㫆㪻㪑㩷㫊㪼㫅㪻㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼. 㪊㪉㪈. ࿑ 9. ⋥ ✢ ㆏ 〝 ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ✚ ㅍ ฃ ା ㊂. 㪇㪈. 㪉. 㪊. 㪋. 㪌. 㪍. 㪎. 㪏. 㪐. 㪈㪇. 㪸㫇㫇㫉㫆㪸㪺㪿㫄㪼㫋㪿㫆㪻㪑㫉㪼㪺㪼㫀㫍㪼㪻㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼. 㪠㫅㫋㪼㫉㫍㪸㫃㩷㪲㫊㪴. ࿑ 11. Ꮉ ⿧ Ꮢ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ✚ ㅍ ฃ ା ㊂. −69− 5.

(6) 㪚㫆㫃㫃㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㪆㩷㪻㫀㪽㪽㫌㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㩷㫆㪽㩷㪢㪸㫎㪸㪾㫆㪼㫊㪿㫀㩷㫊㫀㫄㫌㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪚㫆㫃㫃㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㪆㩷㪻㫀㪽㪽㫌㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㩷㪲㩼㪴. 㪈㪇㪇. 㪽㫃㫆㫆㪻㫀㫅㪾㪑㪺㫆㫃㫃㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆. 㪐㪇㪏㪇㪎㪇. 㪽㫃㫆㫆㪻㫀㫅㪾㪑㪻㫀㪽㪽㫌㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆. 㪍㪇㪌㪇. 㪸㫇㫉㫆㪸㪺㪿㫄㪼㫋㪿㫆㪻㪑㪺㫆㫃㫃㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㪸㫇㫇㫉㫆㪸㪺㪿㫄㪼㫋㪿㫆㪻㪑㪻㫀㪽㪽㫌㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆. 㪋㪇㪊㪇㪉㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇. 㪈. 㪉. 㪊. 㪋. 㪌. 㪍. 㪎. 㪏. 㪐. 㪈㪇. 㪠㫅㫋㪼㫉㫍㪸㫃㩷㪲㫊㪴. ࿑ 12. Ꮉ ⿧ Ꮢ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ⴣ ⓭ ₸ ߣ વ ᠞ ₸ ࿑ 11 ߩ ㅍ ା ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ฃ ା ࡔ ࠶ ࠮ ࡯ ࠫ ߩ ᣇ ߇ ᄙ ޿ ߎ ߣ ߪ ࿑ 12 ߩ ⴣ ⓭ ₸ ߇ ᷫ ߞ ߡ ޿ ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄⴣ⓭ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫᢙ߇೥ᷫߐࠇ㧘ࡉࡠ ࡯࠼ࠠࡖࠬ࠻ߦࠃߞߡ৻ߟએ਄ߩゞਔ߇ࡔ࠶࠮ ࡯ࠫߩฃାࠍฃାߢ߈ߚߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚 ߒ߆ߒ㧘ゞਔኒᐲ߇ૐ޿ߩߢવ᠞ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߦ ⴣ⓭߇⿠߈ߡߒ߹߁߆㧘๟࿐ߦゞਔ߇޿ߥ޿ߣ ߘࠇએ㒠㧘ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ߇વ᠞ߐࠇߥߊߥߞߡߒ ߹ ߁ 㧚 ߘ ࠇ ߇ વ ᠞ ₸ 0.1%ߣ ૐ ߊ ޿ ℂ ↱ ߢ ޽ ࠆ 㧚 ߹ߚゞਔኒᐲ߇ૐ޿⁁ᘒߢή㚝ߥࡉࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡖ ࠬ࠻ⴕߥࠊߥ޿ߣ㧘ઁߩવ᠞ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ߇ⴣ⓭ ߒߡߒ߹߁ߣࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ߇વ᠞ߐࠇߥߊߥߞߡ ߒ߹߁㧚ゞਔኒᐲ߇ૐ޿ߣ߈ߩࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫવ᠞ ߩᡷༀᣇᴺߣߒߡ๟࿐ߩゞਔ⁁ᘒߦࠃߞߡ㔚ᵄ ᒝᐲࠍ਄ߍ㧘ᄙߊߩゞਔ߇ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍฃାߢ ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ㧚. 5. ߹ ߣ ߼ ߣ ੹ ᓟ ߩ ⎇ ⓥ ᧄⓂߢߪゞゞ㑆ㅢାࠍ↪޿ߡฦゞਔ߇ቯᦼ ⊛ߦゞਔᖱႎࠍㅍାߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡฦゞਔ߇ ࠗࡦࡈ࡜ߦଐሽߖߕ㧘๟࿐ߩ੤ㅢᵹࠍ࡝ࠕ࡞࠲ ࠗࡓߦ⸘᷹ߔࠆᣇᑼࠍឭ᩺ߒ㧘੤ㅢᖱႎࠍ㔚ሶ ࿾࿑ߦ⴫␜ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡㆇォᚻ߳ᷦṛᖱႎ ࠍឭଏߔࠆᣇᴺࠍឭ᩺ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘ࡈ࡜࠶࠺ࠖ ࡦࠣࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍߔߢߦฃାߒߚゞਔᖱႎߦࠃ ߞߡ೥ᷫߒ㧘ታ㓙ߩ㔚ሶ࿾࿑㧘ゞਔߩ᜼േࠍ⠨ ᘦߒߡવ᠞ᣇᴺࠍࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߒ㧘ᬌ⸛ࠍ ⴕߥ޿ឭ᩺ᣇᑼ߇ࡈ࡜࠶࠺ࠖࡦࠣࠃࠅ߽ⴣ⓭₸ ࠍ೥ᷫߒ㧘ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍવ᠞ߔࠆߎߣࠍࠪࡒࡘ ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃߞߡ⏕⹺ߢ߈ߚ㧚 ੹ᓟߪߎߩឭ᩺ᣇᑼࠍ↪޿ߡ࡝ࡦࠢߏߣߩࠣ ࡞࡯ࡊ᭴ᚑࠍⷞ㊁ߦ౉ࠇߚࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫߩવ᠞ࠍ ⠨᩺㧘⹏ଔߒߡ޿ߊߣ౒ߦ੤ㅢᵹߩౕ૕⊛ߥ⸘. [2] Sadayuki Tsugawa, “Inter-Vehicle Communications and their Applications to Intelligent Vehicles: An Overview”, Intelligent Vehicle Symposium, June 17-22, 2004 [3] Tamer Nadeem, Sasan Dashtinezhad, and Chunyuan Liao, “Traffic View: A Scalable Traffic Monitoring System”, 2004 IEEE International Conference on Mobile Data Management (MDM), January 19-22, 2004 [4] ኹ ౝ 㓉 ᔒ , ᩊ ↰ ⋥ ᮸ , ቟ ᧄ ᘮ ৻ , ᧲ ㊁ノ ᄦ , દ ⮮ ታ , ”ゞゞ㑆 ㅢ ା ࠍ ↪ ޿ ߚ ᷦ ṛ ⸃ ᶖ ࠽ ࡆ ࠥ ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ ࠪ ࠬ ࠹ ࡓ ߩ ឭ ᩺ ”, ᖱ ႎಣℂቇળ⎇ⓥႎ๔, 2005-DPS-122, pp.7-12, March 2005. [5] S.-Y. Ni, Y.-C. Tseng, Y.-S.Chen, and J.-P. Sheu, “The broadcast storm problem in a mobile ad hoc network”, Mobicom’99, pp.151-162, August 99 [6] Y.-B. Ko and N. H. Vaidya. “Location-aided routing in mobile ad hoc networks”, Mobicom, pp.66-75, 1998 [7] ᫜ ᯅ 㧘 ർ ጟ 㧘㚍 ႐ 㧘 ᫪ 㧘 ኹ ↰ 㧘 ኹ ᧄ 㧘 "ᐢ ၞ ੤ ㅢ ᵹ ࠪ ࡒ ࡘ ࡟ ࡯ ࠲ NETSTREAM "㧘 ᖱ ႎ ಣ ℂ ቇ ળ ⎇ ⓥ ႎ ๔ 㧘2002-ITS-9㧘pp.9-14㧘 2002. [8] Peter Davis, Satoko Itaya, Jun Hasegawa, Akio Hasegawa, Naoto Kadowaki, Akira Yamaguchi, Sadao Obana, “Analysis of Characteristics of Flooding for Inter-Vehicle Communications”, ᖱ ႎ ಣ ℂ ቇ ળ ⎇ ⓥ ႎ ๔ 㧘 2005-ITS-23㧘 pp.99-104㧘 2005 [9] Ⴆ ᧄ ᷕ , 㥲 ⮮ ᱜ ผ , ⦁ ੗ 㤗 ␭ ሶ , ᪢ ᵤ 㜞 ᦶ , ᧲ ㊁ノ ᄦ , "వ ⴕ ㆏ 〝 ᖱ ႎ ข ᓧ ࡊ ࡠ ࠻ ࠦ ࡞ RMDP ߩ ⸳ ⸘ ߣ ⹏ ଔ ", ᖱ ႎ ಣ ℂ ቇ ળ ⺰ ᢥ ⹹ , Vol.47, No. 4, pp. 1248-1257, 2006 ᐕ 4 ᦬ [10] Williams, B. and Camp, T.: "Comparison of Broadcasting Techniques for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks", MobiHoc 2002, pp. 194-195, June 2002 [11] http://www.mitsubishielectric.co.jp/pas, 㜞 ♖ ᐲ GPS ᷹ ૏ ࠨ ࡯ ࡆ ࠬ PAS [12] ⷏ ᧛ ⽕ , ዊ ᴰ ኼ ↵ , ”ゞ ਔ ᖱ ႎ ㊂ ࠍ ⠨ ᘦ ߒߚゞゞ㑆ㅢାߦࠃࠆ࡝ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓ੤ㅢᵹ ⸘ ᷹ ᣇ ᑼ ”, ᖱ ႎ ಣ ℂ ቇ ળ ⎇ ⓥ ႎ ๔ , 2006-ITS-24, pp.1-8, March 2006. ᷹ᣇᴺ߅ࠃ߮ታࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ᭴▽ࠍⴕߥߞߡ޿߈ ߚ޿㧚 ᢥ [1]. ₂. Kaoru Tamura and Makoto Hirayama, “Toward Realization of VICS – Vehicle Information and Communications System”, IEEE Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference (VNIS’93), pp.72-77, 1993. −70− 6.

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